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Strain Rate of Metal Deformation in the Machining Process from a Fluid Flow Perspective

Metal cutting speeds are getting faster with the development of high-speed cutting technology, and with the increase in cutting speed, the strain rate will become larger, which makes the study of the metal cutting process more inconvenient. At the same time, with the increase in strain rate, the dislocation movement controlling the plastic deformation mechanism of metal will change from thermal activation to a damping mechanism, which makes the metal deformation behave more like a fluid. Therefore, it is necessary to explore new ways of studying machining from the perspective of fluid flow. Based on this, a fluid model of the metal cutting process is established, and a method for calculating the strain rate is proposed from the point of view of flow. The results of the simulation and measurements are compared and analyzed. The results show that the strain rate on the rake face will be affected by the friction between the chip and tool; the nearer the distance between the chip layer and tool rake face, the bigger the strain rate will be. The strain rate in the central shear plane is much larger than in other areas along the shear plane direction, and in which two ends are the biggest. It can achieve rougher, quantitative research. This shows it is feasible to study machining from the viewpoint of fluid flow, though it still needs a lot of theoretical support and experimental confirmation.