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Sickle cell disease and the kidney

About 60% of patients with sickle cell disease have sickle cell nephropathy. Clinical symptoms reflect medullary compromise, with polyuria, troublesome nocturia, enuresis, and dehydration being typical early manifestations. Haematuria, nonvisible and visible, is common. The prevalence of albuminuria rises with age, and those in whom this progresses rapidly are at greatest risk of developing endstage kidney disease, which eventually affects 10 to 15% of patients with sickle cell nephropathy.
 Management of chronic kidney disease due to sickle cell nephropathy is along standard lines: no specific treatment has been shown to prevent the condition or retard its progression.