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Family planning concept.


 Family planning is defined as the voluntary, responsible decision made by individuals and couples as to the desired family size and timing of births. Therefore on the microlevel it means children are born because they are wanted and provided for and on the macrolevel it contributes to the betterment of human life. This paper deals with the health consequences of uncontrolled fertility. Health risks are related to birth order, social class, maternal age, birth intervals, and family size are described, including: 1) fetal, infant, and childhood morbidity and mortality, 2) poor physical and intellectual development of the unwanted child, 3) pregnancy wastage, 4) maternal risk of illness and death, 5) father's risk of hypertension and gastric ulcers, 6) marital risk, 7) poor nutrition, 8) environmental hazards such as overcrowding, poor water supply, atmospheric contamination, 9) increased incidence of genetic diseases, and 10) mental health problems of parents as well as children due to strains caused by large families. Even though the responsibility of family planning lies mainly with married couples it is the duty of health workers to inform the people of the problems that arise in a situation of uncontrolled reproduction.
