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Chemical spectroscopic signature for RDX-soil interactions

RDX, a high power explosive used as the main charge in some landmines, was investigated in our laboratory in order to determine the spectroscopic signature to be used in its identification by means of ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) and FTIR. Density functional theory (DFT) was also used to predict structural parameters and vibrational frequencies. It was confirmed that RDX has two conformers known as the β and α-RDX phases. There are several conformers depending on the position of the NO2 groups with respect to the triazine ring. This is important in order to determine whether RDX will have affinity for soil and/or the different materials in the ground or will be carried out by water once it starts to leak from the container holding the explosives. Different amounts of RDX were deposited on soil, aluminum plates, glass, and vinyl polymeric films. For IMS studies, the surfaces were rubbed with filter paper and the RDX was desorbed directly from the filter to the instrument inlet port. In the case of the FT-IR studies the samples were examined using an ATR coupled FTIR system. The FTIR spectra showed significant differences between the α and β phases of RDX.