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High Bit-Depth Seismic Data Compression: A Novel Codec Under the Framework of HEVC

Motivated by the superior performance of High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), and driven by the rapid growth in data volume produced by seismic surveys, in this work we explore a 32 bits per pixel (b/p) extension of the HEVC codec for compression of seismic data. We propose to reassemble seismic slices in a format that corresponds to video signal and benefit from the coding gain achieved by HEVC inter mode, besides the possible advantages of the (still image) HEVC intra mode. To this end, we modify almost all components of the original HEVC codec to cater for high bit-depth coding of seismic data: Lagrange multiplier used in optimization of the coding parameters has been adapted to the new data statistics, core transform and quantization have been reimplemented to handle the increased bit-depth range, and modified adaptive binary arithmetic coder has been employed for efficient entropy coding. Even though the new codec after implementation of the proposed modifications goes beyond the standardized HEVC, it still maintains a generic HEVC structure, and it is developed under the general HEVC framework. Thus, we tailored a specific codec design which, when compared to the JPEG-XR and commercial wavelet-based codec, significantly improves the peak-signal-to-noise-ratio (PSNR) vs. compression ratio performance for 32 b/p seismic data. Depending on a configuration, PSNR gain goes from 3.39 dB up to 9.48 dB. Also, relying on the specific characteristics of seismic data, we proposed an optimized encoder that reduces encoding time by 67.17% for All-I configuration on trace image dataset, and 67.39% for All-I, 97.96% for P2-configuration and 98.64% for B-configuration on 3D wavefield dataset, with negligible coding performance losses.