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Detection of residual disease in translocation (14;18) positive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, using the polymerase chain reaction: a comparison with conventional staging methods.

This paper reports the detection of residual lymphoma cells in blood and bone marrow samples from patients with translocation (t) (14;18) positive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) compared with conventional staging techniques. In 15 of 22 samples, in which no lymphoma cells could be detected by morphological examination, t(14;18) positive cells were detected by PCR. In 13 of 21 samples, in which a monoclonal B-cell population was not detectable by immunological marker analysis, PCR was positive. The clinical status (physical examination, imaging techniques, leucocyte count, and occasionally morphology and immunological marker analysis) was documented in 30 patients at the time of PCR analysis. In three of 19 patients with clinical evidence of disease, circulating t(14;18) positive cells were not detectable by PCR. Five of 11 patients in clinical remission from 7 to 47 months, showed t(14;18) positive cells in the blood. Our data show that PCR analysis in t(14;18) positive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma offers a powerful tool in the study of residual disease.