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Mechanical Properties and Durability of laboratory Produced High-Volume Fly Ash Blended Cements

This paper presents a study on the mechanical properties and durability of concrete made with a high-volume fly ash (HVFA) blended cement. The results were compared with those of the HVFA concrete in which unground fly ash had been added at the concrete mixer, and the control portland cement concrete. Two control mixtures were made, one with a commercially available ASTM Type I cement, and the other with a normal portland cement produced in the laboratory that met the requirements of ASTM Type I cement. The properties of the fresh concrete determined included the slump loss, air content, bleeding, and setting time; those of the hardened concrete investigated included the compressive strength, flexural- and splitting-tensile strengths, Young's modulus of elasticity, drying shrinkage, air void parameters, and resistance to abrasion, chloride-ion penetration, freezing and thawing cycling, and de-icing salt scaling. The results show that the mechanical properties and durability characteristics of the concrete made with the HVFA blended cement and the concrete in which the unground fly ash and the portland cement had been added separately at the mixer were comparable or superior to those of concrete using commercially available ASTM Type I cement. The only exception was the de-icing salt scaling resistance in which the HVFA concretes performed poorly compared to portland cement concrete. The mechanical properties of the concrete made with the HVFA blended cement were found to be superior to those of concrete in which the unground fly ash and cement had been added separately at the mixer. The durability characteristics of these two concretes were found comparable.