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Construction of Ag2S@CaTiO3 heterostructure photocatalysts for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of dyes

In this work, we have assembled Ag2S carbon quantum dots (CQDs) onto CaTiO3 nanocuboids (NCs), aimed at creating Ag2S@CaTiO3 composite photocatalysts with superior photocatalytic performances. Scanning/transmission electron microscopy observation confirms the uniform decoration of Ag2S CQDs (7–17 nm) on the surface of CaTiO3 NCs with size of 0.8‒1.1 μm in length and 0.3–0.5 μm in width. Photoluminescence, photocurrent response and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy investigations reveal that the Ag2S@CaTiO3 composites manifest highly efficient separation of photoexcited electron/hole pairs. The photocatalytic degradation activity of the Ag2S@CaTiO3 composites was assessed by the removal of rhodamine B from aqueous solution. It is demonstrated that the composites exhibit photocatalytic degradation performance much superior to that of bare Ag2S CQDs and CaTiO3 NCs under ultraviolet irradiation. This can be explained as the result of efficient separation of photoexcited electron/hole pairs induced by the Z-scheme electron transfer. In addition, the composites also manifest enhanced visible-light photocatalytic performance when compared with bare CaTiO3 NCs, implying that they can make the best use of the solar energy in the practical photocatalytic applications.