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Higher-order Alcohols as Biofuels: an Interdisciplinary Examination

The prospect of transportation fuels produced on a large scale without the use of petroleum feedstock has received prominent attention in recent years, motivated by several potential economic, environmental, and geopolitical advantages. Among possible gasoline replacements, ethanol has been the focus of the greatest attention thus far, building on centuries-old knowledge developed through its production for human consumption. At this juncture however, its commercial viability as a fuel appears tenuous due to several intrinsic challenges, including low energy content, miscibility in water, and corrosivity to existing engines. Looking ahead, higher-order alcohols are an attractive alternative, for while they share with ethanol a high compatibility with native microbial metabolism, their chemical properties suggest they are more likely to be commercially viable. It should be noted though, that certain environmental, techno-economic, and governance issues still remain outstanding, issues that are best addressed in the near-term while the technological development and infrastructure investment are at an early stage.