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On the Socio-political Views of V.I. Dahl through the Prism of Service Activities in Nizhny Novgorod (1849 - 1859)

Based on a wide range of archival and published sources, the article examines the activities of the famous lexicographer V. I. Dahl in Nizhny Novgorod. This period, which replaced historical eras (the reign of Nicholas I and the reforms of Alexander II), is of particular importance for characterizing the public position and personal qualities of the future author of the «Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language». For ten years, holding the position of manager of the Nizhny Novgorod appanage office, V.I. Dahl played a prominent role in the socio-political life of one of the most important provinces of Central Russia. The authors analyze in detail the relationships between V.I. Dahl and the Nizhny Novgorod provincial administration, including the military governor A.N. Muravyov, a conflict with whom was one of the reasons for the resignation of the lexicographer from public service. Particular attention is paid to the ideological position of V.I. Dahl on the peasant question, in connection with the preparation for the abolition of serfdom. A number of circumstances of the Nizhny Novgorod period of the biography of V.I. Dahl were studied for the first time.