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Temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis diagnosed with high resolution ultrasonography versus magnetic resonance imaging: how reliable is high resolution ultrasonography?

The purpose of this study was to determine whether 12.5 MHz ultrasonography (US) could be used to assess the presence or absence of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) condylar osteoarthrosis. In 40 consecutive patients with TMJ disorders, 80 TMJs were investigated by US to analyse the condylar morphology. In order to compare the respective findings with those of a diagnostic method offering a high accuracy, coronal and sagittal magnetic resonance imaging was carried out immediately afterwards. With US showing a sensitivity of 87%, and a specificity of 20%, the data revealed US to be sensitive in detecting the presence, but insufficient in detecting the absence of osteoarthrosis. In addition, with a positive predictive value of 88%, and a negative predictive value of 18%, the results indicate that US may be valuable in diagnosing the presence, but insufficient in diagnosing the absence of osteoarthrosis. In view of the fact that the 12.5 MHz US technique proved to be a valuable diagnostic aid for the detection and prediction of abnormal condylar morphology, the results of this study should be of further interest and encourage research in its potential uses and diagnostic capabilities.