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Reflection of an internal wave at an interface representing a rapid increase in viscosity

Abstract Internal waves at high altitudes are greatly damped by the drastic increase in molecular viscosity and thermal diffusivity, resulting in important heating and other effects at those altitudes. Here we consider the case where this increase in viscosity is very rapid, idealized as an interface with inviscid flow in the lower layer and constant viscosity in the upper layer. The results show that waves are partially reflected by this interface, with a reflection coefficient that increases monotonically with an increase in the viscosity of the upper layer. This mechanism would have a significant impact on the vertical distribution of thermal energy at high altitudes.