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A biochemical characterization of the binding of osteopontin to integrins alpha v beta 1 and alpha v beta 5.

Osteopontin (OPN) is an extracellular matrix protein that binds to integrin alpha v beta 3. Here we demonstrate that two other integrins, alpha v beta 1 and alpha v beta 5, are also receptors for OPN. Human embryonic kidney 293 cells adhere to human recombinant osteopontin (glutathione S-transferase-osteopontin; GST-OPN) using integrin alpha v beta 1. When the 293 cells are transfected with the beta 5 subunit, they can also adhere to GST-OPN using integrin alpha v beta 5. Divalent cations regulate the binding of GST-OPN to both alpha v beta 1 and alpha v beta 5. Mg2+ and Mn2+ support the binding of GST-OPN to these integrins but Ca2+ does not. The highest affinity is observed in Mn2+. In the presence of this ion, the affinity of GST-OPN for alpha v beta 1 is 18 nM and the affinity for alpha v beta 5 is 48 nM. The antibody 8A2, which is an agonist for beta 1, promotes the adhesion of 293 cells to GST-OPN even when Ca2+ is present. This observation suggests that cellular events could modulate the affinity of alpha v beta 1 for OPN. Collectively, these findings prove that integrins alpha v beta 1, alpha v beta 3, and alpha v beta 5 have similar affinity for OPN. Therefore, all three integrins must be considered when evaluating the biological affects of OPN.