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The orientation step of the OODA loop and Information Warfare

This paper develops a theoretical model of the internal processes of the Orientation step of Boyd’s OODA loop model. The Orientation step is important from an Information Warfare perspective as it is where the decisionmaker combines their existing knowledge with new information. Any new information is a potential target for manipulation by Information Warfare attacks. The operation of the two Information Warfare attacks that target the Orientation step, deception and self-deception, are examined with the proposed model.