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Challenges of farmer-led extension approaches in Nigeria.

Over time, extension provision has been supply-driven, with little direct consultation with the farmers to whom the extension technologies, information and associated services are intended. The linear model of technology transfer (researcher - extension- farmers) has been the dominant approach to agricultural and rural development in Nigeria, resulting in the delivery of technologies that have failed to alleviate farmers' problems. Recently, farmer-led extension approaches have come to be considered as appropriate for farmers' need. These approaches increase farmer's basic knowledge and ability to make their own choices and decision on particular technologies. Farmers assume a central role and become key players in technology identification, generation, adaptation and dissemination. This paper examined the various approaches to agricultural extension and the challenges of farmer-led extension approaches. These challenges include changes in the organization structure and profession attitude, strengthen farmers' organizations, farmers' acceptability, fiscal sustainability and logistics issues.