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MicroRNA‐378 inhibits cell growth and enhances l‐OHP‐induced apoptosis in human colorectal cancer

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that participate in a variety of biological processes, and dysregulation of miRNAs is widely associated with cancer development and progression. MiR‐378 is frequently downregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) and colorectal cell lines; however, it has high serum levels. Bioinformatics analysis further deduced that CDC40 is a potential target of miR‐378, and luciferase reporter assays confirmed the direct regulation of CDC40 by miR‐378. CDC40 plays a key role in cell cycle progression through G1/S and G2/M and pre‐mRNA splicing. Subsequently, we determined that miR‐378 inhibits cell growth and the G1/S transition in CRC cells and that these effects were CDC40‐dependent. Finally, miR‐378 increased cell apoptosis induced by the chemotherapeutic drug l‐OHP. Our data highlight the potential application of miR‐378 as a tumor suppressor for CRC therapy and overcoming chemoresistance, and it may also be a potential tumor marker for CRC prognosis. © 2014 IUBMB Life, 66(9):645–654, 2014