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An ethanol extract of Polygonum multiflorum (EPM) suppresses atherogenesis in rat with atherogenic‐diet

Hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia are critical pathogenic factors for the development and maintenance of atherosclerosis. This study was designed to investigate whether the ethanol extract of Polygonum multiflorum (EPM) suppresses atherogenesis in rats with atherogenic‐diet (AD). Treatment of AD with low (100 mg/day/kg) or high (200 mg/day/kg) doses of EPM for 8 weeks markedly attenuated plasma level of triglyceride (TG) and augmented plasma level of high density lipoprotein (HDL)‐cholesterol. Treatment of EPM also lowered the systolic blood pressure (SBP) in AD‐rats. Furthermore, the impairment of acetylcholine (ACh)‐induced vascular relaxation of aortic rings in the AD‐rats was blocked by chronic treatment of EPM. In aortic tissue, treatment of EPM suppressed the AD‐induced increase in expression levels of intracellular cell adhesion molecule (ICAM)‐1, vascular cellular adhesion molecule (VCAM)‐1, and E‐selectin as well as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2. The decreased expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) induced by AD was recovered by administration with EPM. Taken together, the present study suggests that chronic treatment of EPM prevents the development of atherosclerosis in the atherogenic‐diet rats.