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The ABC Approach and the Feminization of HIV/AIDS in the Sub-Saharan Africa

INTRODUCTION The growing prevalence of HIV/AIDS infections among women in African nations south of the Sahara is a complex and pressing public health concern. In this chapter, we examine how HIV/AIDS prevention campaigns construct women as the new face of HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa. We do so by providing a feminist analysis of the US Government’s Abstain, Be faithful, and correct and consistent use of Condoms (ABC) health campaign. President Bush’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief is the largest commitment ever made by a single nation towards an international health initiative a 5year, $15 billion approach to combating HIV/AIDS. The centerpiece of the prevention component of this plan is the ABC approach (Office of the United States Global AIDS Coordinator, 2005). Abstinence, according to this theory, should take precedence for people who are not in a relationship. Those who are in a relationship should remain faithful to their partners. And if the first two strategies fail for any reason, condoms should be used to prevent the transmission of HIV. Global AIDS Coordinator Randall Tobias endorsed a provision in U.S. law requiring that at least one-third of all U.S. assistance to prevent HIV/AIDS globally be reserved for "abstinence-until-marriage" programs. In effect, this makes "abstinence-until-marriage" advocacy the single most important HIV/AIDS prevention intervention of the U.S. government.