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[Alterations of expression level of RASSFIA gene in primary epithelial tumors of various locations].

Tumor-suppressor activity was established for RASSF1A gene by in vitro and in vivo including studies of knock-out mutated mice cells. Data on methylation of promoter region and expression decrease revealed mainly in cancer cell lines were reported. Here, analysis of RASSF1A mRNA quantity was performed for the first time in primary epithelial malignant tumors of five various locations from 130 patients by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Representative sets of kidney, lung and breast carcinomas samples were studied. Preliminary data for RASSF1A expression in ovarian and colorectal carcinomas are also reported. Our system studies showed unexpected expression profiles, namely mRNA level increase more frequently (2-7 times) than decrease in renal, breast, ovarian, and colorectal carcinomas. Increasing RASSF1A mRNA level was revealed significantly more frequently in renal cell carcinoma (24/38, 63% vs. 8/38, 21%, P = 0.0004, by Fisher exact test) and ovarian carcinomas (8/13, 62% vs. 2/13, 15%, P = 0.0114). Only in non-small cell lung cancer decreasing and increasing of RASSF1A expression were observed with equal frequency (16/38, 42%). Noteworthy, for early clinical stages prevalence of increasing expression both in squamous cell lung cancer and in adenocarcinoma was revealed, and for advanced clinical stages evident prevalence of decreasing RASSF1A expression was established. Cases with increasing expression both in early and advanced stages of clear cell renal cell carcinoma were in prevalence, in advanced stages it was proved significantly (P = 0.0094). These data suggested that RASSF1A expression alterations were tumor specific. Mentioned above regularity could point onto ambivalent RASSF1A functions in tumors--a tumor-suppressor gene and a proto-oncogene as well.