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Relationship between the values of masticatory efficiency and biting pressure in children with cerebral palsy--inter-relationship between the maximum biting pressure, chewing cycle and the value of masticatory efficiency.

Cerebral palsy is a motor abnormality of nerve and muscle units in the central nervous system caused by a non-progressive disease in the brain which appears during the period between fetal life and early infancy[1,2]. The morbid site in the central nervous system responsible for cerebral palsy differs among affected patients. For this reason, the abnormal movements of cerebral palsy patients take a variety of forms, including involuntary motion, excessive strain, rigidity and relaxation of the arms, legs and abdomen. It has also been established that cerebral palsy patients have problems with mastication, i.e., the harmonious movement of various muscles in the face and jaws, just as they do with their limb movements[3,4]. Abnormality in mastication naturally poses a problem at the time of eating, an activity which is obviously indispensable for the maintenance of life. For this reason, patients with mastication problems are served lighter, softer or more liquidized foods than those eaten by normal persons, as such foods require little mastication. It has been commonly expected, therefore, that the masticatory efficiency of cerebral palsy patients in infancy would become retarded during the period of growth and maturation of their dentition, and skeletal and neuromotor systems. Nevertheless, most of the reports on abnormal masticatory movements of children with cerebral palsy have merely presented clinical cases, and none of them have analyzed the overall characteristics of the masticatory movements in these children.