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The Proximal Interphalangeal Joint: Surgical and Mobilisation Options

Injuries to the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) of the finger are common in ball sports (Burton & Eaton 1973) and are often caused by hyperextension and axial loading, resulting in impaction of the volar articular surface of the middle phalanx against the condyles of the proximal phalanx (Eaton & Malerich 1980). PIPJ injuries are frequently missed and pain, stiffness, instability and degenerative arthritis are a common sequelae (Agee 1987; Dennys et al 1992; Eaton & Malerich 1980; Hastings & Carroll 1988; Robertson et al 1946; Schenck 1986; Viegas 1992). Injuries involving the PIPJ present a therapeutic dilemma, and the wide spectrum of treatment options reflects the diversity and inherent complexity of managing these injuries.