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Silicon Steel: Hot Working Constitutive Behaviour and Multistage Rolling Simulation

Abstract From torsion testing of silicon steel over the range 600 to 900 °C and 0.1-5 s-1, the constitutive analysis was performed by the sin h law to establish activation energies. As the temperature rose and strain rate declined, the fracture strain increased to as much as 14.3 and the subgrains in the elongated grains became larger. These results are shown graphically to agree with data from a wide collection of published reports on Si steels. The strengths were intermediate between those of 409 (11Cr) and 434 (16Cr-1Mo) that indicated Si has a strengthening effect almost 4 times that of Cr per unit weight; however, the activation energies of 409 and 434 were higher. Simulation of multistage rolling was done with T declining from 900 to 600 °C, pass strains of 0.2 or 0.3, strain rate of 1 s-1 and intervals of 20 or 40 seconds. Because of the short intervals, the pass flow curves did not exhibit the yield points of isothermal tests so that it was not possible to calculate fractional softening in the intervals at a declining temperature. Two new measures were suggested: a) the relative softening during an interval that decreased as temperature fell and b) relative reduction of the maximum pass stress relative to isothermal peak stress that increased at a decreasing rate as temperature declined.