{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.025390625, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0032552083333333335, 'mean_word_length': 5.19758064516129, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Female labour force status and fertility behaviour: some theoretical, methodological and policy issues.


 This study attempts to examine the dynamics of the relationship between female labor force participation and fertility behavior. The assumptions underlying the supposition that labor force status affects fertility are as follows: 1) outside home employment provides alternative satisfactions to having children; 1) marriage is delayed; 3) each child reduces potential income for the mother; 4) working wives improve their status; and 5) independence from children in old age. A working woman will have fewer children and use contraception more frequently if she is paid for her work as much as a man is paid for his and has status; can participate in community and family decision-making; is committed to her work; finds it hard to transfer child-care responsibilities to others; and works for a long period before having children. Labor force participation is dependent on several variables such as age, education, duration of marriage, husband-wife role relationship, fecundity, and availability of contraception. The reasons why women do not work, e.g., too many children, not enough opportunity, have not been adequately studied. Few studies have controlled for all the variables to determine the net effect of female work status on fertility, and their findings are inconclusive. In developing countries more opportunities for women will open up as male attitudes become less negative toward women working outside the home.
