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Cascaded energy plant using ammonia absorption refrigeration system for combined cooling and heating applications

A cascaded energy plant for the pharmaceutical industry has been developed and implemented to generate chilled water at 7°C and hot water at 58°C for the required applications using ammonia absorption refrigeration system making use of low-grade thermal energy, such as steam. The internal heat recovery (Qihr) of an ammonia–water absorption refrigeration system was improved with additional components. The additional components, such as a generator heat exchanger and solution cooled rectifier, significantly improved the system performance compared to the systems using only conventional components (evaporator, generator, condenser, absorber, solution heat exchanger, and economizer). In addition to the conventional components, the condensate cooler has been added to the system for condensate heat recovery. The system delivers the cooling and heating coefficients of performance of 0.6 and 1.53, respectively, for the tested conditions with a steam inlet temperature of 147°C, cooling process water inlet temperature of 30°C, and chilled water inlet temperature of 15°C. The developed system delivers 300–430 kW of cooling load and 700–1100 kW of heating load, depending on the cooling load of the plant requirement since installation.