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Intertexts in the Gospel of Matthew

The introduction of the concept of intertextuality into critical discourse in the late 1960s transformed the discussion of all kinds of literature, including biblical literature. The relationship between the texts produced by early Christians and "the Bible"-that is, the Septuagint-had, of course, occupied biblical scholars for centuries. But the explicit formulation of intertextuality as a new concept, and the development of a vocabulary for describing and discussing in detail its operation, have made it possible to bring greater refinement and precision to the study of the relationship between "the Bible" and the texts that would become the "New Testament." In this essay, I review some of the ways in which the concept of intertextuality has been formulated and modified, and I introduce as well some terminology developed by other scholars to articulate the concept. I then use these theoretical tools to re-examine the relationship between the Gospel of Matthew and some of its intertexts, including the Bible.