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Hydro-physical, Hydrophobicity and Chemical Characterization of Drip Irrigated Soil Using Aquaculture Wastewater under Sweet Pepper/Okra Intercrop

ABSTRACT Studies that comprehensively investigated the mechanism by which aquaculture wastewater improve crop productivity are very few. Irrigation water from raw aquaculture water, treated aquaculture water and borehole water were applied at two water application levels to cultivate Okra/SweetPepper under three cropping patterns (Okra alone, Sweetpepper alone, and Okra/Sweetpepper intercrop). A mini disc infiltrometer with suction rate of −2 cm was used to determine the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity. The soil water sorptivity to water and ethanol were also determined in each of the water source treatment. Soil physico-chemical properties were determined using standard procedure. Results showed that the mean hydraulic conductivity mostly showed a decreasing trend in the order: Raw aquaculture water < Treated aquaculture water < Ground water, while the hydrophobicity index, R, mostly showed increasing trend in the order; Ground water < Treated aquaculture water < Untreated Aquaculture water. Pooling the soil properties together, soil hydraulic properties and hydrophobicity index significantly (P < .05) correlated well with the soil nutrients, organic matter and carbon in most cases, while moisture contents showed no correlation with the hydraulic and hydrophobicity properties. Overall, organic matter influence the infiltration characteristics of the soil, thus enhancing plant nutrient uptake.