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Variability in Plasma Free Choline and its Relation with Diet and Potential Plasma Biomarkers

Choline is an essential nutrient that is crucial for synthesis of phoshatidylcholine (PC), which is important for cell membranes and plasma lipoproteins. Choline is also involved in the synthesis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, and when oxidized to betaine, serves as a methyl donor. Choline is present in a variety of foods, in different forms including PC. Additionally, choline is endogenously synthesized through the sequential methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine. The current biomarker used to assess choline status is plasma free choline, usually is measured at one time only; moreover is not the only form of choline in plasma. The relation of plasma free choline with the different choline forms present in the diet and plasma is not known.