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Professor Wang Gang's experience in treating chronic glomerulonephritis.

In the 1960s, chronic nephritis was mostly reported as a syndrome due to insufficiency of both the spleenand kidney-yang. However, since the 1980s, reports on chronic nephritis as such pure yang-insufficiency syndrome have been in the decrease, while that as a syndrome of deficiency of both qi and yin are on the rise. In Prof. Wang’s opinion, there are three reasons responsible for the change. The first is the weak body constitution with insufficiency of qi or deficiency of yin; the second is prolonged illness consuming qi and injuring yin; and the third is the drugs used that injure the kidney-yin. The last is the main reason because drugs such as glucocorticoid hormone, indomethacin, Tripterygium wilfordii, and diuretics have been widely used in the treatment of glomerulopathy, all of which have the effect of consuming qi and injuring yin. As in chronic nephritis, the main zang-fu organs affected are the spleen and kidney, especially the latter. In the initial stage, the symptoms characterized by insufficiency of qi of the spleen and kidney are mostly seen, such as aching pain along the spinal column, lassitude, edema, poor appetite, dizziness, slow-weak pulse, and pale tongue with white-moist coating. Along with the development of the condition, loss and consumption of yin and essence may lead to such symptoms as dry mouth and throat, dizziness and tinnitus, palpitation and insomnia, feverish sensation in the palms and soles, red tongue proper, and thready pulse. This is the general rule in the development of chronic nephritis. The decline of the functional activity of qi of both the spleen and kidney may bring about the physiological dysfunction of the human body in the formation, transformation, metabolism and discharge of essential substances, resulting in disturbance in qi transformation. Besides, prolonged illness with proteinuria and hypoproteinemia or drug injury may make the yin-essence getting injured, and lead to the syndrome of deficiency of both qi and yin. There are also cases with congenital yin-deficiency body constitution, and they may already have injury of yin at the onset of the disease. Further development of the disease may cause deficiency of yang because of deficiency of yin or insufficiency of qi, leading to deficiency of both yin and yang, and in prolonged cases, resulting in a consumptive disease, with the appearance of retention of noxious water.