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Cultural Nationalism in Contemporary Japan: A Sociological Enquiry . By Kosaku Yoshino. London and New York: Routledge, 1995. viii, 270 pp. $17.95.

Japanese corporations, by discouraging the secondment of personnel to multilateral aid institutions, create a significant constraint on the degree of influence Japan is able to exert in the MDBs. As for the question of what the appropriate model of Japanese foreign policymaking should be, the upshot of Yasutomo's effort is not a full-fledged debunking of the reactive state model but a rejection of the notion that Japan's policy is a passive, uncreative response to outside stimuli. His preferred characterization is "induced and anticipatory proactivism"—essentially, that Japanese policy, though basically set in motion by its external context, does involve deliberate strategy. As might be gathered from what has been said so far, the book is a largely sympathetic treatment of Japanese policy. It might be noted that the book does presume at least an elementary grasp of multilateral aid organizations and processes and of Japanese bureaucratic institutions. And despite the fact that it is not a particularly long book, it could have been shortened further to positive effect through the elimination of the frequent repetition of identical points.