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Chiral Bent-shaped Molecules Exhibiting Unusually Wide Range of Blue Liquid Crystalline Phases and Multi Stimuli-Responsive Behavior.

In this paper, chloro (-Cl) group was substituted for methyl (-CH 3 ) moiety at the kink position and witnessed a drastic modification in the phase structure of a bent-shaped molecule ( 1-4 to 1-18 ).  An unusual stabilization of cubic blue phase (BP) over a wide range of 16.4 °C has been observed. The two homologues in this series ( 1-12 and 1-14 ) exhibits an interesting phase sequence consisting of BPI/II, N*, TGBA, SmA and SmX. The higher homologues ( 1-16 and 1-18 ) stabilize the SmX phase enantiotropically in the entire temperature range. Crystal structure analysis approved the bent molecular architecture with a bent angle of 148° and revealed the presence of two different molecular conformations in an asymmetric unit of compound 1-4 . DFT study corroborated that the -Cl moiety at the central core of the molecule leads to an increase in the dipole moment along the transverse direction which in turn facilitates the unusual stabilization of frustrated structures. Crystal polymorphism has been evidenced in three homologues ( 1-10 , 1-12 and 1-14 ) of the series. On the application of mechanical pressure via grinding, the compound 1-10 transforms from bright yellow crystalline solid to dark orange-green amorphous solid which reversed upon dropwise addition of dichloromethane indicating reversible mechanochromism  of compounds. Excellent thermochromic behaviour has been observed for compound 1-10 with a controlled temperature-color combination.