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Situational Content Moderates the Association Between the Big Five Personality Traits and Behavioral Effectiveness

We explored moderating effects of situational content on associations between Big Five expressions and behavioral effectiveness judgments within-jobs. Critical incidents were rated for effectiveness and personality expression and sorted by whether they represented task or interpersonal situations. We computed experts' implicit trait policies (Motowidlo, Hooper, & Jackson, 2006b) to assess the effectiveness of behavioral manifestations of personality and whether their effectiveness differed by situation type. Emotionally stable and conscientious actions were more effective in task situations and open and agreeable actions were more effective in interpersonal situations. Findings lead us to hypothesize that the validity coefficients of personality tests may vary by situation within-jobs.