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Investigation of the interfaces of a metal/porous silicon nanocomposite and its influence on the physical properties

Metal-nanostructures are electrochemically deposited within the pores of porous silicon to achieve a hybrid material with specific magnetic properties. The metal structures can be precipitated with various geometries and different spatial distributions depending on an accurate control of the deposition conditions. This method allows to deposit structures as spheres, ellipsoids or wires with a size up to a few micrometers whereas the diameter corresponds to the pore-diameter. Furthermore small Ni-particles between 3 and 6 nm can be deposited in a densely packed arrangement on the pore walls forming a quasi metal tube. Analysis of this tube-like arrangement by transmission electron microscopy shows that the distribution of the Ni-particles is quite narrow, which means that the distance between the particles is smaller than 10 nm. Such a close arrangement of the Ni-particles assures magnetic interactions between them. Due to their size these small Ni-particles are superparamagnetic but dipolar coupling between them results in a ferromagnetic behaviour of the whole system. Moreover, to investigate the interface between the materials in more detail electron energy loss spectroscopy is employed. Magnetic measurements show an anisotropy between easy axis and hard axis magnetization which corresponds to the behaviour of a metal tube. This composite is an interesting candidate for integrable magnetic and magneto-optic devices and also for spin-injection from a ferromagnetic metal into silicon.