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Two types of hypotensive effect of beta-blocking agents.

In anesthetized and immobilized rats, an hour-long continuous intravenous injection of dl-propranolol (PR; 3 mg/kg), pindolol (PI; 1 mg/kg), oxprenolol (OX; 3 mg/kg) or atenolol (AT; 3 mg/kg) invariably resulted in moderate hypotension. When the drug-induced hypotension was plotted against the control arterial pressure (AP), two types of correlation were found. The hypotension induced by PR or PI, both known to accumulate in the brain at a high concentration was positively correlated to the control AP, whereas the hypotension produced by OX or AT, both known to penetrate the blood-brain-barrier poorly, was not. To test the hypothesis that the observed difference was attributable to the presence or lack of sympathoinhibitory action of the drug, the effect of these agents on the renal nerve activity (RNA) was examined. PR or PI diminished the tonic and reflexly evoked RNA, when the evoked RNA was elicited by sciatic nerve stimulation. No such changes were induced by OX or AT. These results demonstrate a modulatory role of sympathoinhibitory effect of beta-blocking agents in their hypotensive action.