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Pharmacists and Antimicrobial Stewardship

The theme of the World Health Day 2011 declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) was combating antimicrobial resistance. The WHO called on all stakeholders - policy makers, the pharmaceutical industry, the public, patients, prescribers and pharmacists - to act and take responsibility for combating antimicrobial resistance. Worldwide there is growing concern about the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, which is described as an emerging threat to public health and a major patient safety issue. Patients with infections from resistant bacteria experience delayed recovery, treatment failure and even death. Recent studies have reported that patients with antimicrobial-resistant infections are twice as likely to die than patients with infections from non-resistant organisms. When multi-resistant pathogens are prevalent, clinicians are forced to use broad spectrum and usually more expensive antimicrobials to treat seriously ill patients. These effects contribute to increasing healthcare and societal costs.