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Micronucleus analysis and mitotic index in a Jordanian population exposed to pesticides of organophosphate: malathion and chlorpyrifos

Abstract A longitudinal study of possible genetic damage in Jordanian workers occupationally exposed to a mixture of pesticides containing malathion and chlorpyrifos was studied. Micronucleus assay and mitotic index were selected to achieve this purpose. A second series of blood samples was taken 8 months after the workers were removed from agricultural field to detect DNA repair in lymphocytes of the same subjects. Regardless of the sampling time the exposed workers showed an increased number of micronucleus (MN) frequency. After 8 months of non-exposure the workers showed a significantly decreased number of MN frequency compared to the results of the first sampling, but it was still significantly higher than the controls indicating a possible risk of cytogenetic damage for the exposed group. Besides that, malathion and chlorpyrifos lowered the mitotic index in peripheral lymphocyte cells of the exposed subjects.