{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.02210759027266028, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 5.7227722772277225, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Implementation of T-Z Analysis Approach to Predict Pullout Test Results

Characterization of soil-geosynthetic interaction is a key aspect in understanding mechanical performance of structures made using geosynthetics (e.g., geosynthetic-stabilized roadways, geosynthetic-reinforced soil walls). Pullout test has been one of the most widely used experimental techniques to characterize this interaction. This study implements t-z analysis approach, originally developed to evaluate load transfer mechanism in deep foundations, to predict pullout test results of geosynthetics. Formulations of the method and step-by-step solution algorithm are presented. Suitability of the method was evaluated by comparisons made between predictions of the t-z analysis approach and experimental pullout test results presented in literature. Specifically, geosynthetic and soil-geosynthetic characterization data presented in four studies with a wide range of soil and geosynthetic types, normal pressures, and test configurations were used in the t-z analysis framework presented in this study to simulate pullout test results. Results from the simulations were then compared to the experimental data presented in the four studies. This comparison underscored suitability of the t-z analysis approach in producing reasonably consistent results with the experimental data.