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Perfluorodecalin modifies the pattern of cell arrangement and induces loss of neurites in rat retinal cultures.

Perfluorodecalin (PFD), a high specific weight, water-immiscible perfluorocarbon, previously studied as a potential blood substitute, now is used widely in the field of ophthalmic surgery as a tool for maneuvering intraocular tissues and as a short- or medium-term vitreous substitute. In in vivo experiments, several types of lesions in retinal tissue have been described in conjunction with long-term PFD treatment. To better evaluate the biological effects of PFD on retinal cells, we tested it on primary cultures of rat retina seeded on special cyclopore wells that allow the culture to be fed from the bottom side while the top side is in contact with the water-immiscible compound. We found that PFD changed the pattern of cell arrangement and induced loss of neurites. The modification of cell arrangement was less evident at the periphery of the wells where the amount of PFD, and consequently the pressure exerted, was lower. This observation suggests that the changes may be due more to a physical than to a toxic effect of PFD.