{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.05191873589164785, 'fraction_numerical': 0.020316027088036117, 'mean_word_length': 5.381294964028777, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Modulation of pancreatic islet function in a microgravity analog

Endocrines, cytokines, and nutrients play essential roles in maintaining muscle in extended space flight. We determined the influence of a microgravity analog upon nutritional and immunologic function of pancreatic endocrine cells. High Aspect Ratio Vessel (HARV) was used as a microgravity analog. Human islets of Langerhans were cultivated in the HARV or in static plate (PLT) up to 48 hours at 37OC in 5% CO2 and 95% H2O. Islets were treated with hydrocortisone (HCS) and a mixture of 11 essential amino acids (AA). Insulin, glucagon, and 41 amino acids metabolites were assessed in supernatants. In islet tissue we determined gene expression of insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, TNF‐α receptor (rTNF‐α), interleukin (IL)‐1â, IL‐1 receptor (rIL‐1), and IL‐1 receptor antagonist (raIL‐1).