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Energetic particles measurements on the lunar far-side by Lunar Lander Neutron and Dosimetry(LND) experiment

After Chang’E 4 successfully landed on the far side of the moon on Jan 3rd, 2019, the Lunar Lander Neutron and Dosimetry experiment has been working for 13 lunar days from January, 2019 to January, 2020, sending back the measurements of dose, linear energy transfer (LET) spectrum, neutrons, and charged particles. Here, we show observations of charged particles especially protons and Helium ions during quiet time. We also present two solar energetic particle events registered by LND in May 2019, which are also the first such measurements on the far-side surface of the moon. The temporal variations of particle fluxes on the far side of the moon detected by LND provide a new observation site in space and can be helpful to improve our understanding of particle propagation and transport in the heliosphere.