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MASS-SPECTROMETRIC STUDIES OF HELMINTHS: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IDENTIFICATION OF PARASITIC INFECTION CAUSES

Mass spectrometry is currently used to identify bacteria, mycobacteria and some
fungi. Unlike clinical bacteriology, MALDI-TOF MS is practically not used for the
identification of human and animal parasites. Homogenate protein profiles were
obtained using Microflex LT MALDI-TOF MS (Bruker Daltonics Germany) with
Flex Control software, visualized using Flex analysis 3.3 software (Bruker Daltonics).
Analysis of protein extracts of nematodes showed spectra with high intensity peaks in
the range of 2–20 kDa. Slight differences in the mass spectrometric spectra of Ascaris
lumbricoides and Ascaris suum in the same range, which characterizes nematode
species, confirm the results obtained in full-genome analysis of helminth data that
the causative agent of human ascariasis is an evolutionarily close relative of swine
ascarids. In the high ranges of mass spectrometric analysis of Dirofilaria immitis
and Dirofilaria repens, significantly frequent peaks were observed, which probably
characterize the whole genus of nematodes. In the range above 6000 kDa, the spectra
differed in representative peaks, which allowed to differentiate one species from
another in protein profile. A comparative analysis of the mass spectrometric peaks
of helminths D.repens, D. immitis using R medium (MALDIquant). On the cluster
of dendrograms of averaged mass spectra, it was found that for two individuals of
D. repens, as well as for two individuals of D. immitis, the sections of the dendrograms
coincide with a high degree of probability. For D. immitis, the coincidence rate was
100%, for D. repens 70%. The results obtained can form the basis for the creation
of a library of protein profiles with the aim of accelerated and objective dirofilaria
differentiation.