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On the Inappropriateness of Static Measurements for Benchmarking in Wireless Networks

A state-of-the-art method of characterizing a mobile network operator’s performance or of benchmarking multiple operators is to measure the achievable throughput along a particular route. It does not matter if the measuring devices are mounted on a train, car, bus, or truck. During longer measurement campaigns, there will undoubtedly be some intervals, during which the vehicle remains stationary. In these static phases, the impact of small-scale fading on the throughput is uneven.Although small-scale fading is a well-known phenomenon, the body of literature that examines its impacts on the measured throughput is scarce. Our lab experiments in LTE have shown that the throughput differences between nearby points reach tens of Mbit/s while the small-scale throughput pattern remains stable over several days.Furthermore, we examine the impact of static measurements on the throughput distributions collected from several LTE drive tests. We find that the small-scale patterns remain stable even in an outdoor environment; thus, the static samples introduce a significant bias in the overall distribution. If we exclude the zero-speed intervals, then we obtain identical distributions from two receivers, which are 20 cm apart.