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INTRODUCTION AND EVALUATION OF PREDATORS FROM INDIA AND PAKISTAN FOR CONTROL OF THE BALSAM WOOLLY APHID (HOMOPTERA: ADELGIDAE) IN NORTH CAROLINA

Abstract Between 1961 and 1965, 15 species of predators from India and Pakistan were introduced into North Carolina for use in biological control experiments on the balsam woolly aphid. Recovery studies of these species have been made, but to date there is no evidence that any has become established. Lack of establishment is attributed largely to important differences in climate between the old and new environment and also to poor prey acceptance on the part of predator larvae and ovipositing adults.