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The Global Impact of the Reformations: Long-Term Influences and Contemporary Ramifications

The North American editors and the European editor have invited twenty-six authors from Europe and North America to write short, programmatic essays for the present volume of the Archive for Reformation History which is being published on the occasion of the 500th anniversary of the beginning of the Protestant Reformation in 2017. The authors were asked to reflect conceptually on the question of the contemporary and long-term “global influences” of the Protestant Reformations and early modern Catholic reform, starting with their own research themes. The topic and focus of their remarks were left to the authors. The present volume reflects the wide range of research topics, questions, and theses on the long-term consequences and global influences of the Protestant and Catholic Reformations in current research. A strong research trend in the direction of “Global History” within the framework of early modern religious history is apparent. At the same time, however, the religious history of Europe in the early modern period is only slowly outgrowing the constraints of national contexts, and its practitioners should continue to pursue research in a genuinely overarching and comparative manner within Europe itself. The opening section of the volume deals with problems long present in Reformation research that are inherently controversial and which are interpreted here in distinctive ways. The question of the Reformation’s relationship to and influence on the emergence of modernity, which has been a focus of debates at least since Weber and Troeltsch, is examined in the first three essays of the volume from different perspectives. Here and elsewhere in the volume it becomes clear that early modern historians and church historians continue to be fascinated by longue-durée questions, even if such questions have been relegated to the background in recent research. This collection of essays also diversely emphasizes the question of the contextualization of Luther and the interpretation of the sixteenth century as a decisive rupture and turning point of world history. The same is true of issues related to the printing and publishing of books, and the effects of texts and