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Induction of heat shock protein 70 and nucleolin and their intracellular distribution during early stage of liver regeneration.

Our previous work demonstrated a simultaneous induction of Hsp70 and nucleolin mRNA during the prereplicative stage of hepatocytes after partial hepatectomy [Ohmori, H. et al. (1990) Exp. Cell Res. 189, 227-232]. In the present study, changes of intracellular localization of these proteins were examined. Nucleolin, which mainly localized in the nucleus, increased with time and accumulated in the nucleolus around 12-18 h after partial hepatectomy. Hsp70 protein also increased slightly around 6-12 h after the operation. In accordance with this increase, immunohistochemical staining revealed that almost all nuclei of hepatocytes became Hsp70-positive, although Hsp70 was seen to be dispersed throughout the nucleoplasm and nucleolus at all times examined. Next, we isolated a cDNA clone of ribosomal protein (S-17) and examined its behavior. Induction of S-17 mRNA was observed to be essentially similar to that of nucleolin mRNA in regenerating rat liver, although inductions of histone H2A and H4 occurred at a later time, that is, in parallel with DNA synthesis. Furthermore, we observed a simultaneous induction of Hsp70 and nucleolin mRNA by serum-stimulation after serum-depletion in HeLa and IAR-20 (rat) culture cells. These results suggest that the induction of Hsp70, in addition to nucleolin, was not fortuitous but may be involved in the early events of liver regeneration.