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Hypocretin/orexin depolarizes and decreases potassium conductance in locus coeruleus neurons

Recent studies demonstrated that noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) neurons are a particularly strong target of the novel neuropeptide, hypocretin (orexin). The present study sought to elucidate the action of hypocretin-B (HCRT) on LC neurons recorded intracellularly in rat brain slices. Bath (1.0 μM) or local puff application (50–100 μM in pipette) of HCRT depolarized LC neurons in rat brain slices and increased their spontaneous discharge rate. Depolarization evoked by HCRT was persistent in the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX, 1 μM) and Co2+ (1 mM), indicating that HCRT directly activated LC neurons, and that its effect on the postsynaptic cell was not due to activation of TTX-sensitive sodium channels or Co2+-sensitive calcium channels. The apparent input resistance was significantly increased in the majority of LC neurons during the HCRT-evoked depolarization. Moreover, the HCRT-evoked depolarization was decreased in amplitude with hyperpolarization of membrane. The present results indicate that decreased potassium conductance is involved in the effect of HCRT on LC neurons.