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An extended empirical formula for inner-shell ionization of atoms

An extension of the analytical model of Campos et al (2007 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 40 3835) is proposed to evaluate electron impact single inner-shell ionization cross sections up to the M-shell. The new model includes ionic and relativistic factors in its structure and describes neatly the K-shell ionization cross section data up to 2 GeV, and L- and M-shell ionization data up to 300 MeV. Comparison is also made with other theoretical calculations.