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China: Dilemmas of Modernisation . Edited by Graham Young. [London: Croom Helm, 1985. 279 pp. £19 95.]

Changes in China take place so rapidly these days that any attempt to give an up-to-date assessment of recent developments is in grave danger of being overtaken by events. This volume, the origin of which lies in a conference held in 1983, does not entirely avoid the trap, although in seeking to identify major problems and dilemmas that have emerged in the wake of the "readjustment strategy," the authors go well beyond a mere summary of recent events. All the papers are concerned with modernization, but they also cut across disciplinary boundaries in a way that gives the book a varied interest. The analyses are based on literary sources (the best of them involving quite extensive reading of primary materials) and on fieldwork conducted in China itself. The primacy of economic reform in the process of readjustment has always been clear and it is quite appropriate that three of the essays are devoted to aspects of economic policy. They embrace analyses of rural and industrial reforms (the former benefiting from hindsight afforded by the more consistent pattern of change observable in the countryside since 1978), as well as an examination of China's policy towards technological transformation. The remaining papers consider recent developments as they have impinged upon the People's Liberation Army, China's youth and her minority nationalities. The present volume is the publisher's third collection of papers on developments since the death of Mao. It is also the most successful, not least because of the ability to view those developments against a broader and more clearly-defined perspective. No doubt further research and the mere passage of time will necessitate some revision of the views put forward here, although the general thrust of much of the argument would not seem to have been invalidated by what has happened during the most recent period. In short, this book provides a useful and interesting assessment of some important aspects of China's modernization programme.