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Imaging Lattice Distortions in High Entropy Alloys at Multiple Length Scales Using Electron Nanodiffraction and 4D-STEM

High entropy alloys (HEAs) have attracted tremendous interest in the materials research community due to the vastly expanded phase space created by multi-component alloys and the demonstration of superior mechanical properties. Unlike conventional alloys which use a base element as the matrix, HEAs are composed of multiple principle elements in an equal, or nearly-equal molar fraction. Because of the mixture of atoms of different sizes, severe lattice distortion has been suggested to as one of four major characteristics of HEAs, as well as leading to unconventional dislocation dynamics during deformation [1]. To elucidate the fundamental strengthening mechanisms in HEAs, it is crucial to understand the crystallographic details of lattice distortions. However, the characterization on lattice distortion is very challenging. Previous studies based on pair distribution function analysis by X-ray and neutron diffraction but such analysis only provides the average lattice distortion [2]. The critical information regarding the local structure, the size, and the magnitude of fluctuations in lattice distortions is still missing.