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Improving the Performance of a Hybrid Inorganic–Organic Light-Emitting Diode Through Structure Optimization

Significant performance enhancement of a green hybrid inorganic-organic light-emitting diode (HyLED) based on a simplified WO3/organic layer structure has been achieved through structure optimization. A 20-50 nm as-deposited WO3 layer allowed for facile hole injection and transport. In the meantime, it had high transparency and good robustness required for efficient and reliable operation of the HyLED. Inserting a 30 nm undoped 4,4 '-N,N '-dicarbazolebiphenyl (CBP) layer between the WO3 and emitting layer resulted in a broadened exciton generation zone and improved the brightness by 87.4% at 20 mA/cm2. At this injection level, the optimized HyLED reached a luminance of 11642 cd/m2 and a current efficiency of 58.2 cd/A, and exhibited good reliability under constant-current stressing.