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Outcome of Proximal Chevron Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus With and Without Transverse Kirschner Wire Fixation

Background: Proximal chevron osteotomy (PCO) for hallux valgus is inherently more stable than the other forms of proximal metatarsal osteotomy, but complications, such as, delayed union, nonunion, and malunion can occur. In this study, we have compared results of two axial Kirschner wire fixation with or without transverse Kirschner wires in PCO for moderate to severe hallux valgus deformities. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 65 patients (85 feet) that underwent PCO and a distal soft tissue procedure for moderate to severe hallux valgus. Patients were divided into two groups, two axial Kirschner wire fixation (Group I) and two axial and supplementary transverse Kirschner wire fixation (Group II). Group I comprised 41 feet of 32 patients and Group II 44 feet of 33 patients. Results: Average AOFAS scores were 52.8 points in group I and 49.6 points in group II preoperatively, and 92.8 and 89.6 points, respectively, at last followup. Patients were very satisfied or satisfied in 92.7% in Group I and 93.2% in Group II. Average hallux valgus angles in Groups I and II changed from 34.9 degrees and 37.2 degrees preoperatively to 12.3 degrees and 13.9 degrees postoperatively, and intermetatarsal angles in Groups I and II changed from an average of 17.9 degrees and 17.2 degrees preoperatively to 10.3 degrees and 10.4 degrees postoperatively. No significant inter-group differences were found. Conclusion: Supplementary transverse Kirschner wire fixation is not recommended for proximal metatarsal chevron osteotomy since two axial Kirschner wires provided sufficient stability. Level of Evidence: I, Prospective Radomized Study