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Protection in Distributed Generation

Most protection systems for distribution networks assume power flows from the grid supply point to the downstream low voltage network (Jenkins et al, 2000). Protection is normally based on overcurrent relays with settings selected to ensure discrimination between upstream and downstream relays. A fault on a downstream feeder must be cleared by the relay at the source end of the main feeder. It must not result in the operation of any of the relays on an upstream feeder unless the downstream relay fails to clear the fault. This will result in a blackout in a part of the network that should not have been affected by the fault.