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Title 1 Comparing Tactile Pattern and Vibrotactile Frequency Discrimination: a Human Fmri Study 2 3 Authors 4

29 We investigated to which extent the discrimination of tactile patterns and vibrotactile 30 frequencies share common cortical areas. An adaptation paradigm has been used to identify 31 cortical areas specific for processing particular features of tactile stimuli. Healthy right32 handed subjects performed a delayed-match-to-sample (DMTS) task discriminating between 33 pairs of tactile patterns or vibrotactile frequencies in separate functional magnetic resonance 34 imaging sessions. The tactile stimuli were presented to the right middle fingertip sequentially 35 with a 5.5 s delay. Regions-of-interest (ROIs) were defined by cortical areas commonly 36 activated in both tasks and those which showed differential activation between both tasks. 37 Results revealed recruitment of many common brain regions along the sensory motor pathway 38 (such as bilateral somatosensory, premotor areas and anterior insula) in both tasks. Three 39 cortical areas, the right intraparietal sulcus (IPS), supramarginal gyrus (SMG)/parietal 40 operculum (PO) and PO, were significantly more activated during the pattern than in the 41 frequency task. Further blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) time course analysis was 42 performed in the ROIs. Significant BOLD adaptation was found in bilateral IPS, right anterior 43 insula and SMG/PO in the pattern task, while there was no significant BOLD adaptation 44 found in the frequency task. In addition, the right hemisphere was found to be more dominant 45 in the pattern than in the frequency task, which could be attributed to the differences between 46 spatial (pattern) and temporal (frequency) processing. From the different spatio-temporal 47 characteristics of BOLD activation in the pattern and frequency tasks, we concluded that 48 different neuronal mechanisms are underlying the tactile spatial and temporal processing. 49 50 51