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Social Cohesion and Identity

This chapter explains what social cohesion is and why it is important. The case for thinking that trust and solidarity are especially important for egalitarian redistribution is presented, and different accounts of their sources are considered. This includes a discussion of strategic, institutional, and moral models for trust and solidarity, welfare regime theory, and how perceptions of deservingness are fundamental for solidarity. Initial reflections on how immigration and diversity might impact these dimensions of social cohesion are introduced. Furthermore, the ‘identity thesis’ is explained, according to which sharing an identity tends to promote such cohesion, and different types of mechanisms that might explain it are distinguished. Finally, the concept of a ‘community conception’ is introduced, and it is explained how different such conceptions differ as regards the values that, if shared, are thought conducive to social cohesion.