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Ionization of the lower ionosphere during the x-ray solar flare on September 6, 2017

In the study of the ionosphere total electron content (TEC), defined from the data of global navigation satellite systems, are widely used. It is assumed that the main contribution to the value of TEC is made by the F region. At the same time, the results of many studies show that during the X-ray flares the ionization of the D region can increase substantially, reaching values of 106 cm-3. In this paper, we analyze the changes in the parameters of the D region during an X-class flare on September 6, 2017. It is shown that a correct interpretation of the variations of TEC with powerful X-ray flares requires taking into account of the contribution to its ionization value of the lower ionosphere.