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A New Native Plant for New Hampshire, Trichophorum planifolium (Cyperaceae)

On forays in Merrimack, Hillsborough County, in 2009, Jason Sachs and I found Trichophorum planifolium (Sprengel) Palla for the first time in New Hampshire. Excited by our find, we looked in similar sites in Hillsborough County and soon found another population, in Pelham. The plants had flowers and immature fruit in May on southeast-facing slopes. Vouchers for the populations are in the Hodgdon Herbarium (NHA) at the University of New Hampshire (J. Hoy 550, 551). Trichophorum planifolium is native to eastern North America. It occurs in mesic to dry hardwood forests that usually include oaks, from New York and northern Vermont east to southern Maine, south to Virginia, and west to Ohio, and in Ontario, Illinois, and Missouri (Crins 2002; Kartesz 2011). It is listed as endangered in Vermont and, now, in New Hampshire. The site in Merrimack is a moderately steep hill in rich Appalachian oak rocky woods (Sperduto and Nichols 2004). About 60 clumps of Trichophorum planifolium were growing with Carex pensylvanica Lam., Saxifraga virginiensis Michx., Dryopteris marginalis (L.) A. Gray, and Aquilegia canadensis L. on rocky outcrops. The local bedrock is mapped as an unnamed member of the Merrimack Group, with 15% calc-silicate in its composition (Lyons et al. 1997). The surrounding trees were mostly Quercus rubra L., Carya ovata (Mill.) K. Koch, Ostrya virginiana (Mill.) K. Koch, and Pinus strobus L. The site in Pelham is a moderately sloping hillside in dry Appalachian oak-hickory forest (Sperduto and Nichols 2004). Patches of Trichophorum planifolium more than a meter in diameter were intermingled with Carex pensylvanica, forming a lawn. Other immediate neighbors were Juniperus communis Thunb., Uvularia sessilifolia L., Antennaria plantaginifolia (L.) Hook., Dennstaedtia punctilobula (Michx.) T. Moore, and Galium circaezans Michx. The surrounding trees were RHODORA, Vol. 113, No. 955, pp. 351–352, 2011 E Copyright 2011 by the New England Botanical Club