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Expression of receptor interacting protein 3 and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein-key proteins in necroptosis is upregulated in ulcerative colitis.

BACKGROUND
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory colonic disease strongly associated with intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) death. Necroptosis is characterized by a newly programmed cell death through a caspase-independent pathway. Receptor interacting protein 3 (RIP3) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) are very important in the pathway of necroptosis. However, their expression in UC remains unelucidated. This study aimed to investigate the expression of RIP3 and MLKL in patients with UC, along with its correlation with disease activity.


METHODS
Colonic tissue samples were taken from 22 UC patients and 19 healthy controls. RIP3 and MLKL expression levels were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining and western blotting.


RESULTS
RIP3 and MLKL were upregulated in inflamed tissues of UC (P<0.01). No variations were observed in healthy control subjects and non-inflamed colons (P>0.05). RIP3 and MLKL were positively correlated with UC disease activity (P<0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that necroptosis is strongly associated with intestinal inflammation in patients with UC. Further studies of necroptosis may be helpful in future treatments of UC.