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Apportioning Damages among Potentially Insolvent Actors

IN this article, we study how the relative efficiency of rules for imposing liability and apportioning damages among joint tortfeasors is affected by the potential insolvency of some of the actors.' We focus primarily on the choices between negligence and strict liability and between joint and several liability and nonjoint (several only) liability. This article extends the analysis of our prior study of multiple tortfeasors by relaxing the assumption that all actors are infinitely solvent and are therefore able to satisfy any judgment.2 Like our prior study, this article is motivated in large part by the prob-