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Programmed death 1 and its ligands do not limit experimental foreign antigen‐induced immune complex glomerulonephritis

Interactions between the co‐stimulatory molecule programmed death 1 (PD‐1) and its ligands, PD‐L1 and PD‐L2, constrain T‐cell responses and help maintain peripheral tolerance. Glomerulonephritis can result from a variety of antigens, both self and foreign, and from humoural and cellular effector responses. These studies aimed to define the role of PD1 and its ligands in circulating immune complex glomerulonephritis induced by immunity to a foreign antigen.