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Secondary Electron Yields and Their Dependence on the Angle of Incidence on Stainless Steel Surfaces for Three Energetic Ion Beams

Secondary electron yields were investigated for 28 MeV protons, 126 MeV oxygen ions and 182 MeV gold ions incident on 304 stainless steel surfaces. The dependence on the incidence angle was studied in detail, and a system was developed which allows accurate measurements to be performed over a wide angular range extending to nearly grazing collisions. Electron yield estimates of interest for future accelerator applications are developed for 1 GeV protons, and the possible mitigation of deleterious effects by using serrated rather than flat surfaces is analyzed.