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Analysis of Spatial Heterogeneity and Influencing Factors of Urban Traffic Congestion Based on GIS

Traffic congestion not only causes significant losses to city economy, but also seriously affects the happiness index of urban residents. Different from the specific and detailed research perspective of traditional traffic congestion, this paper attempts to study urban traffic congestion from a relatively macro perspective. The real-time traffic data, building survey data, Gaode POI data, bus stops data, urban road, population data, DEM data are collected. The spatial heterogeneity law of urban traffic congestion and its influencing factors are analyzed by GIS. The analysis found that:(1) Traffic congestion in Chongqing is "heavy in the north and light in the south", and the business district has a relatively obvious impact on traffic congestion. (2) Population density and commercial POI have a great impact on traffic congestion. For every 0.1 percentage point increase in the proportion of commercial POI, the average traffic jam time increased by 0.09 hours. (3) The number of bus stops can significantly alleviate traffic congestion. For every additional bus station, the traffic congestion time in this area can be reduced by 0.05 hours. (4) Increasing road density cannot effectively solve the problem of traffic congestion, which once again proves the correctness of "down Law". (5) Within the community, increasing the diversity of land use cannot effectively relieve traffic congestion.