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SDSS J 120011-020452 : Unusual I Zw 1 object or a nearby BAL Seyfert ?

Emission line diagnostics in active galactic nuclei (AGN) provide vital clues about the physical conditions of gas accountable for the emission emanating from the central region. We typically identify a region of narrow-line formation that normally includes oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and other forbidden lines. In some objects (Type 1 Seyferts) we in addition detect broad Balmer lines, helium lines and, in some instances, emission features attributed to Fe II. During a search for AGN in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), we discovered a spectrum of SDSS J120011-020452, a z∼0.091 Seyfert galaxy that displays some unusual features. The narrow forbidden lines are all but absent (with only [O II] very barely visible), the Fe II spectrum is prominent and Na I absorption is clearly detected. In these respects, the object resembles the usually much more distant “broad absorption line” quasars (BAL) with strong Fe II lines (e.g., IRAS 07598+6508). The emission lines are in addition comparatively narrow, which makes this object an interesting hybrid between the BAL Seyferts and the class of AGN referred to as “narrow line Seyfert 1” galaxies (NLS1) with weak forbidden lines (e.g., I Zw 1 objects). We perform spectral line fitting on the SDSS data and compare line ratios in an attempt to shed light on the nature of the nuclear region of this interesting object. We discuss the limitations of the available data, and conclude that a better signal to noise (S/N) spectrum would allow us to determine the relative strengths of any other forbidden lines in the spectrum, get better profiles of the absorption features and better define the Fe II spectrum. We use this to motivate for follow-up observations using the the South African Large Telescope (SALT) Robert Stobie Spectrograph (RRS) in the upcoming round of proposals.