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Use of geothermal energy and mineral waters in Bulgaria: current status and perspectives

Summary data on the geological survey, hydrogeological and hydrochemical conditions, as well as on the use of geothermal energy and mineral waters during different periods in Bulgaria are presented. One of the aims of the paper is to present some problems concerning more rational and full application of the available geothermal resources, as well as the management of the existing geothermal resources to protect mineral water from contamination. Some examples are given from other countries (Austria, Russia) with similar hydrogeological conditions in the respective sites, which have smaller hydrothermal resources but use them more fully in the presented cases. Finally, brief information is provided on a new environmental technology for the use of geothermal energy, developed by the Canadian company “Eavor”. This technology could be applied in the near future in a number of areas in Central North and Northwestern Bulgaria where geological conditions are similar.