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Analysis of the nanoscale phase characteristics of bitumen and bitumen in mastics and mixtures via AFM

A peak force quantitative nanomechanical mode (PF‐QNM) can be used to simultaneously measure the topographical and nanomechanical property maps of samples. Currently, few studies used this mode to investigate the phase characteristics of bitumen in mastics and mixtures. The present study adopted hot‐bitumen‐pouring methods to prepare base bitumen surface samples and further used frozen‐storage and low‐temperature‐cutting methods to prepare the internal samples of base bitumen in mastics and mixtures. Then, the atomic force microscopy (AFM) PF‐QNM mode was used to collect data on the topographical and nanomechanical properties of bitumen and bitumen in mastics and mixtures. The results indicated that a typical bee structure only appeared on the bitumen surface. In contrast to the bitumen surface, the bitumen interior showed two phases, A‐ and B‐phase, which were close in some properties to the periphase and paraphase of the bitumen surface, respectively. Furthermore, the addition of mineral aggregates affected the phase characteristics of the free bitumen interior. With an increase in the mineral aggregate surface area, the proportion of A‐phase decreased and that of B‐phase increased in the free bitumen interior.