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Interaction of Escherichia coli with polymorphonuclear leukocytes in pathogenesis of urinary tract infection in mice

Two type 1 fimbria-producing strains of Escherichia coli, 31-B and K12W1-3, and two type 1 fimbriae-defective mutants derived from 31-B, BH5 and BH9, were compared for their capacity to induce vesical infection in mice undergoing water diuresis and to interact in vitro with murine peritoneal exudate polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). Strains 31-B and BH5 caused rapid bacterial multiplication in the bladder wall after being inoculated intrabladderly; their log-phase cells grown at 37 degrees C, in striking contrast to their stationary-phase or 17 degrees C-grown cells, resisted phagocytic killing by PMN in the presence of normal murine serum. Strains K12W1-3 and BH9 failed to cause vesical infection, and their cells were always susceptible to the opsonophagocytic killing by PMN irrespective of the growth conditions. Nevertheless, the log-phase cells of the three isogenic strains, 31-B, BH5, and BH9, grown at 37 degrees C gave almost the same chemiluminescent response patterns during incubation with PMN in normal serum. The phagocytic resistance in strains 31-B and BH5 was eliminated by briefly treating bacterial cells with EDTA. These results suggest that the two virulent strains may express an antiphagocytic activity during their growth in the bladder and continue to stimulate the oxidative metabolic burst of PMN without being ingested and killed, and that the antiphagocytic activity may be related to a bacterial surface component(s) that is removed by EDTA.