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MGNREGA and Its Impact on Tribal Livelihoods: A Case Study in Kurung Kumey District of Arunachal Pradesh

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) is considered as a “Panacea” for eradicating rural poverty and unemployment, by way of generating demand for productive labour force in villages. It provides an alternative source of livelihood which will have an impact on reducing migration, restricting child labour, alleviating poverty, and making villages self sustaining through productive assets creation such as road construction, cleaning up of water tanks, soil and water conservation work, etc. But the success of this Act depends upon its proper implementation. Thus, the present study attempts to critically examine the implementation process of this programme and its impact on tribal livelihoods i.e. to what extent MGNREGS has given justice in sustaining the livelihoods of poor tribal communities in a panchayat of Kurung Kumey district, Arunachal Pradesh. The study reveals that there is little impact of MGNREGA on tribal livelihoods. The faulty implementation strategy has ruined the spirit of this programme. Religion and street biasness and favouritism in case of distribution of job card, dominance of dominant families, defective leadership and improper coordination among the stakeholders have stood as major hurdles in this programme.