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Ea quae sunt ad finem: Reflections on Virtue as Means to Moral Excellence in Scotist Thought

Recent years have shown increased study on the thought of John Duns Scotus. In the area of his ethical thinking, however, the focus has been limited. With the exception of studies on the role and exercise of freedom as fundamental moral component1 and the centrality of the will for moral excellence,2 one finds few articles on the implications of the will's primacy for other ethical elements, such as the place of virtue or the exercise of right reason.5 Some of this is due to the lack of any real