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Phase unwrapping by least squares error minimization of phase curvature

A new method of unwrapping two-dimensional periodically discontinuous phase data is developed in this paper and results from application of the method to electro-optically generated phase data are presented. The method, whose foundations lie in the minimization of the energy of the surface determined by the unwrapped data, fits planar surface patches to previously processed data, then uses the best fit plane's parameters to estimate the value of the pixel under consideration. At each pixel, a new value composed of the sum of the original value and an integral multiple of the magnitude of the phase discontinuity is assigned. Processing proceeds along an expanding wavefront originating from a seed point chosen as the reference for the measurement. The facet based fringe number selection method has been found to be highly reliable even for incomplete, noisy data.