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Improvement in left ventricular function following successful rescue percutaneous coronary intervention is independent of time-to-reperfusion.

OBJECTIVE
To study the influence of clinical and angiographic factors on global and regional left ventricular (LV) function after rescue percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI).


METHODS
We performed repeat cardiac catheterization in 102 patients who underwent rescue PCI at our centre. Eighty-two patients had suitable baseline and follow-up ventriculograms, which were analyzed offline by an automated edge detection technique.


RESULTS
The mean (standard deviation [SD]) follow-up period was 22 (15) months. PCI was completed in all patients between 3 to 24 hours following the onset of pain. Improved global and regional LV systolic function was observed in 55 (67%) patients, and deterioration in 27 (33%). On univariate analysis, baseline ejection fraction (p = 0.005) and coronary stenting (p = 0.05) were associated with improved LV systolic function. Preprocedure TIMI flow, postprocedure TMP grade, time-to-reperfusion, and use of glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa inhibitors did not influence LV systolic function. On multivariate analysis, ejection fraction at the time of rescue PCI (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.427 [0.234, 0.780]; p = 0.006) and stenting 3.944 (1.182, 13.156; p = 0.026) were predictors of improved LV systolic function.


CONCLUSION
Successful rescue PCI was associated with improved LV function at follow up in the majority of patients. Stenting, but not GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor therapy, predicted improved LV function in the area supplied by the infarct-related artery. These improvements in regional wall motion were independent of the time taken to establish reperfusion, provided the intervention was carried out between 3 to 24 hours from the onset of pain.