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Falsely Low Phosphatidylethanol may be Associated with Biomarkers of Hemolytic Disease.

AIMS
Falsely lower or even negative phosphatidylethanol (PEth) levels may theoretically be seen in patients with hemolytic diseases, and the present study aimed to elucidate this hypothesis.


METHODS
PEth and carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) from 9893 serum and whole blood samples were included along with markers of hemolysis (i.e. haptoglobin, HbA1c, reticulocytes, LD and Hb). Cases showing discrepancy between PEth and CDT, i.e. a low PEth value and a high CDT value, were considered to be possibly caused by falsely lowered PEth despite high alcohol consumption. These cases (N=233) were compared to the control group without PEth and CDT mismatch.


RESULTS
The levels of haptoglobin were significantly lower in the cases showing low PEth and high CDT (estimate =-0.62, p=0.002). The levels of HbA1c (estimate =-3.26, p=0.001) and Hb (estimate =-0.507, p<0.001) were also significantly lower in this group. These findings indicate hemolytic diseases in the low PEth / high CDT group. There were no significant differences for reticulocytes and LD concentrations between the low PEth/high CDT group and the control group.


CONCLUSIONS
These results indicate that falsely low PEth values could be associated with markers of hemolytic diseases, although more research is needed to highlight this further.