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Dependence of the Torsional Vestibulo‐Ocular Reflex on the Direction of Gravity

Abstract: The torsional vestibulo‐ocular reflex (tVOR), which is mainly driven by input from the semicircular canals, has been shown to be augmented by otolith input: its gain is increased in the upright as compared to the supine head orientation. We tested whether otolith input in right/left ear down and upside‐down orientation also contributes to the tVOR. In contrast to current models of canal‐otolith interaction, which predict equal responses in upright and upside‐down orientations, we found that the tVOR in the upside‐down position is significantly decreased, possibly due to an additive interaction of canal and otolith signals.