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The Metabolic Effects of Vitamin D and Fish Oil on Obesity


 
 
 Obesity is a widespread epidemic affecting approximately 93.3 million people in the United States. Common underlying causes of obesity include adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance. Vitamin D and fish oil both offer potential health benefits that include lowering inflammation and triglycerides. However, their combined effects have not been carefully evaluated in the context of obesity. Hence, we hypothesized that vitamin D and fish oil supplementation exert synergistic and/or additive effects to reduce obesity.
 
 
 
 To test this hypothesis, male B6 mice were fed a high fat (HF) diet supplemented with a low dose (200 IU) or high dose (1000 IU) of vitamin D (HF + D), with or without fish oil (36 g/kg of diet) for 12 weeks. We measured body weight and food intake weekly and performed glucose tolerance test. At termination, liver and epididymal fat were harvested for gene and protein analyses.
 
 
 
 There were no differences in body weight or food intake across the 4 groups. Glucose clearance was higher in the fish oil supplemented groups with or without Vitamin D compared to mice fed HF. Only the group supplemented with fish oil along with Vitamin D had lower fatty acid synthesis and higher fatty acid oxidation in epididymal adipose tissue. However, in the liver, fatty acid synthesis was not altered, while fatty acid oxidation was increased by fish oil and Vitamin D combination compared to other groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, in liver, the mRNA levels for the gluconeogenic marker, Pdk4, was higher in groups supplemented with fish oil with or without Vitamin D compared to HF (P < 0.05).
 
 
 
 Additional molecular analyses are currently ongoing to determine the mechanistic basis for beneficial combined effects of vitamin D and fish oil in diet-induced obesity.
 
 
 
 Funded by a Come N Go grant from the College of Human Sciences, TTU.
