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Characterization of the ςB Regulon inStaphylococcus aureus

ABSTRACT The ςB-dependent stress regulon in gram-positive bacteria might fulfill a physiological role in stress response and virulence similar to that of the ςS regulon inEscherichia coli and other gram-negative bacteria. In order to obtain evidence for the function of the ςB regulon ofStaphylococcus aureus, especially in virulence control, ςB-dependent stress genes were identified. The two-dimensional protein pattern of wild-type cells of S. aureus COL was compared with that of an isogenic sigBmutant. By this approach, we found that the synthesis of about 27 cytoplasmic proteins seemed to be under the positive control of ςB. N-terminal sequencing of 18 proteins allowed the identification of their genes on the almost finished genome sequence ofS. aureus COL and the analysis of the promoter structure. Transcriptional analyses of 11 of these genes confirmed their ςB dependency, and moreover, about 7 additional ςB-dependent genes were found which are cotranscribed with the newly detected genes, forming operons. Altogether, we identified 23 ςB-dependent genes and their corresponding proteins. Among them are proteins probably involved in the generation of NADH or in membrane transport mechanisms. Furthermore, at least oneclpC-homologous gene was localized on the S. aureus sequence solely transcribed by ςB. In contrast, a second clpC-homologous gene in S. aureus forming an operon with ctsR, yacH, and yacI was ςB independently expressed.