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Shakhmatov's Legacy and the Chronicles of Kievan Rus´

The legacy of Aleksei A. Shakhmatov (1864–1920), a philologist and historian who left a fundamental mark on the field of Russian chronicle studies, has been under careful examination for over a century. His ideas and hypothesis about the early history of Rus ́ chronicle writing made up a complicated theory, based on the construction of hypothetical layers, or stages, (svody) of the chronicles that preceded the earliest surviving Kievan chronicle, Povest ́ vremennykh let (PVL).1 This chronicle, which survives in five main copies dated from 1377 to the 16th century, has customarily been called The Primary Chronicle in English, even though it is precisely this primacy that Shakhmatov questioned. Although Shakhmatov was challenged even by some