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Arthroplasty in patients with congenital hip dysplasia--early evaluation of a treatment method.

BACKGROUND
Developmental hip dysplasia (DHD) is the most common cause of secondary hip osteoarthritis (OA). It often leads to OA in young, active and working adults. The aim of our study is to evaluate the results of THA in patients with DHD.


MATERIAL AND METHODS
Total hip arthroplasty was performed in 15 patients with DHD - 13 women (average age - 39) and 2 men (average age - 44) between June 2010 to June 2011. Patient's hips were estimated by Crowe classification to evaluate the severity of degenerative arthritis. Patients we reassessed with Harris Hip Score before and after the surgery.


RESULTS
The mean preoperative score was 44.6 points, directly after surgery 62.4 pts., 6 months after 78.6 points. After artrhroplasty, improvement was noted in walking stairs without railing, walking without support, sitting on chair for more than 1 hour. Before the surgery average difference in limbs" length was 4 cm After the treatment it was reduced to 0.5 cm. Mean hip flexion was 40 ° before, 90 ° after the surgery, mean abduction was respectively 0° and 25°. Our study proves that total hip arthroplasty in patients with developmental dysplasia of hip helps to improve stability and mobility of joint and to reduce the pain.


CONCLUSIONS
1. In the type 1 and 2 according to Crow's classification, good clinical results may be achieved using standard prosthesis stem sizes and press-fit acebutalar component with possibly the smallest diameter providing stable placing. 2. In the case of ty pe III good results are observed using acetabular press-fit method for fixing, after reconstruction of bone defects with osteogenous bone graft. 3. The usage of big head dimensions gives beneficial effects on the osseointegration of the acetabular component and reduces the risk of dislocation. 4. A short follow-up period of the group of patients presented requires further prospective study to evaluate the long-term results.