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Visual Analysis of Changes of Motion in Reaction-Time Tasks

Subjects observed a random-dot pattern moving uniformly in the vertical direction (vector V1). The motion vector abruptly changed to V2, both in speed and direction simultaneously. It was found that the time of simple reaction to such changes V1 → V2 can be described by a function of a single variable, | w(V1 — V2C) + (1 – w)V2N|, 0 < w < 0.5, where V2C and V2N are the components of V2 collinear with and normal to V1. The choice-reaction time for changes in direction that are accompanied by changes in speed can be described by a function solely of the absolute value of V2N. Unlike the simple-reaction time, the choice-reaction time was independent of the initial speed of motion. The processes that may be engaged in simple and choice reactions to motion are discussed.