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ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HEAT PIPES IN COOLING PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS IN SOLAR CARS

The efficiency of photovoltaic cells depends on its temperature which is why stationary arrays are often designed with a cooling system. However, in the development of solar cars where weight and aerodynamics are the major constraints, providing a means to cool the photovoltaic cells are not yet prioritized. By designing a passive cooling system, the energy load of the solar car is left unaffected, and by finding a good balance between cooling capabilities and weight, the possibility of using cooling systems in solar cars can also be developed. In this study, the use of heat pipes for cooling the solar array of a solar car was evaluated. The results of the evaluation show that the heat pipes would be able to reduce the PV Cell surface temperature by at least 14 o C. From this, the assembly is expected to be able to provide an additional 60W gained from sustained higher efficiency. All of the configurations considered required an additional 26W-43W at 70 kph due to the additional rolling resistance on an average of 22.5 kg additional weight. Thus, the range of the net power benefit is from 17W - 34W. This confirms that heat pipes can be effective in cooling photovoltaic cells on a solar car. The downsides on the use of heat pipes, however, aside from high costs, are the constraints on shell design, aerodynamics, and total body weight.