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Main genetic defects of improving breeds in the population of Sychevsky cattle of the Smolensk region

The Sychevskaya breed belongs to local breeds of the combined direction of productivity. The use of the world’s best gene pool of the Holstein and Simmental breeds allows to improve the productive qualities of the livestock, but at the same time it introduces a number of recessive genetic mutations into the gene pool of the Sychevskaya breed. 150 cows of the Vazuzsky type and 34 sires of the Sychevskaya breed were studied. The incidence of hidden carriers of thrombopathia was 1.4±0.009 % among cows and 5.9±0.04 % among breeding bulls. Animals in the cow group belonged to the Aromat 3433 line and other lines, and in the bull group - to the Toreador 3032 line. In the cows group, 12 carriers of subfertility and 6 carriers of cholesterol deficiency were identified, which is 8±0.022 % and 4±0.016 %, respectively. The linear affiliation of animals goes back to the lines of Redad 711620016730 (subfertility), Reflection Sovering 198998 and Klever 68 (HCD). The frequency of occurrence of undesirable alleles in the genotypes of Vazuzsky type cows according to the TMEM95, RASGRP2 , and APOB genes was 0.040; 0.067; 0.020, and in the genotype of sires according to RASGRP2 – 0.030.