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Scaling Laws For Electromagnetic Stimulation Of An Axon

A cable equation is presented that describes the subthreshold response of a nerve axon to electromagnetic stimulation . This equation is normalized to identify dimensionless parameters that determine whether the stimulus strength is sufficient to elicit an action potential . Scaling laws predict threshold stimulus strength is inversely proportional to current pulse duration for short pulses but is independent of duration for long pulses. Threshold stimulus strength is inversely proportional to fiber diameter in unmyelinated axons, and inversely proportional to the diameter squared in myelinated axons. These findings are consistent with numerical solutions of the dynamic equations that include membrane kinetics (2).