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Should balloon angioplasty be used instead of surgery for native aortic coarctation?

Several groups have used transluminal balloon angioplasty of native aortic coarctation to treat aortic coarctation since the technique was first described in the early 1 980s. Arguments about whether balloon angioplasty is an effective and safe alternative to surgery have been intensified by reports that aneurysms develop at the site of coarctation dilatation. This editorial sets out the evidence that supports the use of balloon angioplasty as an alternative to surgery.