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Jonathan Carl Holmquist, Language loyalty and linguistic variation: A study in Spanish Cantabria . Dordrecht and Providence: Foris, 1988. Pp. x + 153.

In recent years, a number of interesting books have appeared about regional languages and language varieties in Spain. The overwhelming majority of these have dealt with either the three major regional languages, Basque, Catalan, and Galician, which have figured prominently in political discussions, or with a small number of relatively well-known and previously studied regional varieties, such as Bable from Asturias, or Andalusian. In this context, Holmquist has made a timely and welcome addition for, as he has points out in his introduction, language use in Cantabria, a province on the northern coast of Spain, has been largely unexplored. This is true despite an interesting array of phonological, morphological, lexical, and syntactic features that distinquish it from standard Castilian Spanish, as well as an apparent association in many speakers' minds with regional values and a traditional way of life, which makes its use interesting from a sociological and sociolinguistic standpoint as well. Holmquist's book is a result of fieldwork in the small mountain town of Ucieda as a participant observer, chiefly in 1978 but also drawing on the author's previous experience in Cantabria that consisted of numerous lengthy stays dating as far back as 1974. The book's purpose is twofold: first to describe the features that characterize the local variety of Cantabrian Spanish (known by some scholars as montanes or cabuernigo) and distinguish it both from standard Castilian and from the Bable of neighboring Asturias, to which it bears certain resemblances. The second goal is to place this dialect in a sociocultural context by revealing the subtle interplay of factors that influence its use, rate of change or stability, and perceptions among local speakers. This latter investigation is carried out on two levels, as Holmquist looks at both local and national or historical factors. For this purpose, especially, Holmquist's long stay in the region and his intimate, day-to-day contact with the local people were crucial.