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Immunoregulation in experimental filariasis. II. Responses to parasite and nonparasite antigens in jirds with Brugia pahangi.

Chronic B. pahangi infection (greater than or equal to 5 mo) in the jird, Meriones unguiculatus, leads to the induction of adherent nonspecific suppressor cells that are capable of modulating the in vitro mitogen responsiveness of spleen cells. In the present studies, a correlation between suppression of mitogen responsiveness and lack of reactivity to B. pahangi antigens was observed in vitro with splenic lymphocytes from chronically infected animals. However, the ability of jirds with a chronic B. pahangi infection to develop in vivo humoral responsiveness to SRBC and DTH to DNFB was comparable to that of uninfected controls. Analysis of the relationship between the development of antigen-specific and nonspecific immunoregulatory activity over the course of the infection was undertaken, too. Altered in vitro responsiveness of spleen cells from infected jirds to mitogens and B. pahangi antigens was associated with the onset of microfilaremia (8 wk post-infection). A transient lack of reactivity to SRBC was observed after the development of a patent infection in jirds. However, nonspecific suppressor cells capable of modifying the in vitro mitogen responsiveness of normal lymphocytes were not observed in the spleens of B. pahangi-infected animals exhibiting a lack of reactivity to SRBC. The relationship of antigen-specific suppressor cells to immunoregulation in experimental filariasis is discussed.