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NAST-I: results from revolutionary aircraft sounding spectrometer

A new high spectral resolution (0.25 cm-1) and high spatial resolution (2.6 km) scanning (46 km swath width) Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) has been built for flight on NASA high altitude (approximately 20 km) aircraft. The instrument, called the NPOESS Aircraft Sounding Testbed- Interferometer (NAST-I), has been flown during several field campaigns to provide experimental observations needed to finalize specifications and to test proposed designs for future satellite instruments; specifically, the Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) to fly on the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS). NAST-I provides new and exciting observations of mesoscale structure of the atmosphere, including the fine scale thermodynamic characteristics of hurricanes. The NAST-I instrument is described, its excellent spectral and radiometric performance is demonstrated, and surface and atmospheric remote sensing results obtained during airborne measurement campaigns are presented.