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Optical probe of orbital ordering in heavily hole-doped manganites Nd 1 − x Sr x MnO 3 ( x = 0.55 and 0.7)

We have spectroscopically investigated the orbital-ordered states in Nd 1 - x Sr x MnO 3 (x=0.55 and 0.7) with the ferroic order of d x 2 - y 2-type and d 3 z 2 - r 2-type orbitals, respectively. The optical conductivity spectra of twin-free crystals are highly anisotropic with respect to light polarizations parallel and perpendicular to the direction of the orbital lobes. Temperature variation of the polarized spectra indicates that the observed anisotropic charge dynamics arises not only from the long-range spin order but also from the orbital order that evolves below a high temperature, 400-600 K, far above the Neel temperature.