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Circulating miRNA-16 in inflammatory bowel disease and some clinical correlations - a cohort study in Bulgarian patients.

OBJECTIVE
The pathogenesis of the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes chronic inflammation and altered immune reactions. There are several publications, reporting that micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) may serve as a diagnostic biomarker with a potential to assess inflammation severity and treatment response1,2 in IBD patients. The objective of the study is to assess and correlate the serum expression of circulating miR-16 in IBD patients with some clinical parameters, such as extent, activity and severity of the disease.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
70 IBD patients [35 with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 35 with Crohn's disease (CD)] were included in the study. Serum miR-16 expression in both IBD diseases was assessed using reverse transcription quantitative real time PCR (RT-qPCR). Circulating miR-16 levels were also correlated with disease extent, activity and severity indices [Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI), Montreal classification, Partial Mayo score]. Serum expression of miR-16 in the 70 patients was also compared to miR-16 serum levels in 30 healthy control subjects.


RESULTS
The patients' group showed mean serum miR-16 expression of 3.07 for CD, 1.97 for UC and 1.61 for the control group of healthy subjects with a significant difference in the expression between groups. There is a significant correlation between increased serum expression of miR-16 and disease activity, extent and severity.


CONCLUSIONS
The increased miR-16 serum expression correlates with disease activity, intestinal localization of CD, stenotic and penetrating phenotype. MiR-16 could serve as a potential biomarker to assess inflammation.