{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.03977669225401256, 'fraction_numerical': 0.045359385903698535, 'mean_word_length': 5.373333333333333, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 2, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Serum paraoxonase activity and paraoxonase gene polymorphism in type 2 diabetic patients with or without vascular complications.

BACKGROUND
Serum paraoxonase (PON) activity and the relevance of PON gene polymorphism in vascular complications of type 2 diabetic patients were investigated in a case-control study.


METHODS
The population included 105 control subjects, 96 diabetic patients without vascular complications and 71 diabetics with vascular complications.


RESULTS
Serum PON activity was significantly decreased (p<0.001) in diabetic patients without vascular complications: 207 IU (25-817) compared with the controls: 259 IU (24-950). Although serum PON activity was also decreased: 232 IU (34-797) in the population with vascular complications, the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.11). The Q192 allele frequency is significantly higher (p<0.005) in diabetics without vascular complications (77%), and with vascular complications (73%) than in the controls (63%). No significant association was found between either PON(1)55 L/M and PON(2)311 C/S gene polymorphisms and vascular complications.


CONCLUSIONS
The difference in allele frequency for the PON(1) Q/R 192 gene polymorphism may be the cause of the low paraoxonase activity observed in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Further studies need to be conducted to elucidate the role of the enzyme in the development of vascular complications in diabetes.