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Ploidy Identification and Analysis of Saccharum and Its Related Genera

In order to provide basis for the genetic improvement efficiency of sugarcane, and to find out the ploidy of sugarcane and its related genera and cultivated species, the ploidy of sugarcane and its related genera was systematically analyzed and identified by flow cytometry for the first time in this study. The results showed that the ploidy of the tropical species of Saccharum was 8 and 10, in which the ploidy of typical tropical species Badila was 8 and that of atypical tropical species Kala Wa was 10. The ploidy of S. barberry was 8 and 16.8, and the ploidy of Mungo was 8 and that of Pansahi was 16. The ploidy of S. sinense Yuba and reed cane was 9.8 and 10, respectively. The ploidy of S. spontaneum was 6.3~9.2 and most of them were about 8, while the ploidy of S. robustum was 14.4. The ploidy of Erianthus, the related genera of Saccharum, was 3.3~7.9, and the ploidy of S. arundinaceum and Erianthus rockii was 7.1~7.9 and 3.3~3.8, respectively. There were two kinds of ploidy in Miscanthus (1.4 and 4.8) and the ploidy of Narenga was 3.6~5.2. The ploidy of hybrid cultivars of Saccharum was relatively higher, which was 8.2~12.3, and ploidy of 9~10 was the most common. The ploidy of Saccharum and its related genera and cultivated species was systematically proved for the first time in this research, and the lowest ploidy was in Miscanthus (1.4) and the highest ploidy was in Pansahi (16.8), indicating that Saccharum was an aneuploid plant with complex genetic background. The results of this study could be used to guide the configuration of sugarcane hybrid combinations.