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Solvent effects on internal conversions and intersystem crossings: the radiationless de-excitation of acrolein in water.

An extended version of the averaged solvent electrostatic potential from molecular dynamics data (ASEP/MD) method oriented to the study of the solvent effects on internal conversion and intersystem crossing processes is presented. The method allows for the location of crossing points between free energy surfaces both in equilibrium and in frozen solvent conditions. The ground and excited states of the solute molecule are described at the complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) level while the solvent structure is obtained from molecular dynamics simulations. As an application, we studied the nonradiative de-excitation of s-trans-acrolein 1(n --> pi*) in aqueous solution. We found that the solvent modifies the relative stability of the different crossing points but not enough as to alter the relative order of stability with respect to the in vacuo situation. The relaxation through an equilibrium path involves a strong solvent reorganization. On the contrary, the nonequilibrium path does not involve solvent motion and the de-excitation could proceed with the same speed as in vacuo.