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Channel Estimation and Rate Analysis for Multipair Massive MIMO Relaying with One-Bit Quantization

We study the impact of using one-bit analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters in a multipair amplify-and-forward MIMO relaying system. The relay estimates the channel state information using training data, and then uses the channel estimate to perform maximum ratio combining and maximum ratio transmission. An exact achievable rate is derived for the system under general assumptions on the quantization noise, and then a closed-form asymptotic approximation is derived, which enables efficient evaluation of the impact of key parameters on system performance. Contrary to the conventional unquantized systems, the performance is seen to depend on the specific pilot sequences that are employed. In addition, the sum rate gap between the double quantized relay system and an ideal unquantized system is shown to be a factor of $4/\pi^2$ in the low source power regime.