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Proliferative Response of Mouse Submandibular Gland to Androgen But Not to Thyroid Hormone

Abstract. Hormone‐induced differentiation and proliferation of cells were investigated in the submandibular gland of castrated female mice, by determining the esteroprotease activity and 3H‐thymidine labelling index, respectively. Injections of 5α‐dihydrotestosterone (4 μg/g body weight/day) or l‐thyroxine (0.5 μg/g body weight/day) induced a significant increase in the activity of esteroprotease, which has been shown to be localized in the convoluted tubule cells of the submandibular gland. Injections of the above‐mentioned dose of 5α‐dihydrotestosterone for 3 days induced a 43‐fold increase in the labelling index of the convoluted tubule cells, but injections of the above‐mentioned dose of l‐thyroxine for any duration did not induce a significant increase in the labelling index. the present result suggests that hormones which induce differentiation of cells in mouse submandibular gland do not necessarily induce cell proliferation.