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The meiosis‐specific Xmr gene product is homologous to the lymphocyte Xlr protein and is a component of the XY body.

The Xlr (X‐chromosome linked, lymphocyte regulated) multigene family was previously found to determine, in the lymphoid cell lineage, the stage‐specific expression of a nuclear protein with a primary sequence suggestive of a transcriptional activator function. We report here the characterization of a second functional member of the Xlr gene family that is abundantly transcribed in testis in a tissue‐specific and developmentally regulated manner. The protein product of this newly identified gene, called Xmr (Xlr‐related, meiosis regulated), is located in the nuclei of spermatocytes, early in the prophase of the first meiotic division, and later becomes concentrated in the XY nuclear subregion where it is in particular associated with the axes of sex chromosomes. The Xmr protein provides a new tool for the investigation of sex chromosome behaviour during meiosis in mammals.