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Energy Management Strategy Considering Battery Efficiency for Grid-Tied Microgrids During Summer in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The rise in interest for renewable energy sources (REs) is opening up many research areas in microgrids, renewable energy generation (REG) and energy storage systems (ESS) to improve the reliability of the microgrid. This paper presents a study on a grid-tied microgrid with a battery energy storage system (BESS) for a residential load considering the summer operational cost of the microgrid in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The operational cost of the microgrid is minimized using linear programming (LP) available in GAMS optimization software. The constraint on the microgrid is also analyzed. The microgrid is modeled based on the knowledge of the available data for PV generation, power demand and the price of electricity in Summer within the kingdom. The objective is to optimize the operational electricity cost of the microgrid within 24 hours. Furthermore, the effect of reduced forecasting error and an increase in the PV generation to balance the power flow of microgrid is investigated. The lithium-ion battery has been selected for this study because of its high efficiency and low charge/discharge temperature.