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Recent Advance of Zero Emission Technologies for Coal-Based Power Generations Systems

This paper presents recent advances of the zero emission technologies for coal-based power generations systems. The low emission technologies target at reducing CO2 emissions by improving the efficiency of energy utilization, increasing the use of low-carbon energy sources and CO2 capture and sequestration. Several representative processes under development in the world were reviewed, which promise to deliver unprecedentedly high efficiency and simultaneous zero emission of CO2. These include the Japanese HyPr-RING process with a claimed plant efficiency of over 53%, General Electric's unmixed fuel processing technology with a claimed efficiency of 67% (sometimes called chemical looping gasification), and Zero Emission Coal Alliance (ZECA)'s zero emission coal technology with a claimed efficiency of 68%. These efficiencies are the net values after 100% of CO2 capture, significantly higher than that of IGCC even without CO2 capture. The improvements of energy efficiency in these processes are achieved by the use Of CO2 adsorbing materials in the coal gasifier, which was further discussed.