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Rapid Voltage Sensitivity Analysis Method in LVDNs with High Penetration of Rooftop Photovoltaics and Electric Vehicles

The mismatching among the output power of rooftop photovoltaics, residential electric load and charging load of electric vehicles would lead voltage violations in low voltage distribution networks (LVDNs). Traditional voltage analysis methods are mainly based on the Jacobian matrix or forward-backward sweep processes. These methods may appear misconvergence or too many nested loops because of the multiple laterals and high ratio of resistance to inductance for the low voltage distribution lines. In this paper, a novel rapid voltage sensitivity analysis method based on shortest path algorithm is proposed for voltage sensitivity analysis in LVDNs. The presented method could achieve voltage sensitivity to active and reactive power in LVDNs with high penetration of rooftop photovoltaics and electric vehicles. Based on the radiation-type structure of distribution network, shortest path set could be work out using Dijkstra algorithm in graph theory. And then, combining with the power flow and voltage drop between any two nodes, the relationship of voltage-active power and voltage-reactive power between any two nodes in the low voltage distribution network could be carried out. The effectiveness and practicability of the method are verified by the Matpower simulation results, and it can meet the research requirements of decentralized coordinated control optimization of residential photovoltaics and electric vehicles.