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A Mutation in Dbf4 Motif M Impairs Interactions with DNA Replication Factors and Confers Increased Resistance to Genotoxic Agents

ABSTRACT Dbf4/Cdc7 is required for DNA replication in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and appears to be a target in the S-phase checkpoint. Previously, a 186-amino-acid Dbf4 region that mediates interactions with both the origin recognition complex and Rad53 was identified. We now show this domain also mediates the association between Dbf4 and Mcm2, a key Dbf4/Cdc7 phosphorylation target. Two conserved sequences, the N and M motifs, have been identified within this Dbf4 region. Removing motif M (Dbf4ΔM) impairs the ability of Dbf4 to support normal cell cycle progression and abrogates the Dbf4-Mcm2 association but has no effect on the Dbf4-Rad53 interaction. In contrast, deleting motif N (Dbf4ΔN) does not affect the essential function of Dbf4, disrupts the Dbf4-Rad53 interaction, largely preserves the Dbf4-Mcm2 association, and renders the cells hypersensitive to genotoxic agents. Surprisingly, Dbf4ΔM interacts strongly with Orc2, while Dbf4ΔN does not. The DBF4 allele dna52-1 was cloned and sequenced, revealing a single point mutation within the M motif. This mutant is unable to maintain interactions with either Mcm2 or Orc2 at the semipermissive temperature of 30°C, while the interaction with Rad53 is preserved. Furthermore, this mutation confers increased resistance to genotoxic agents, which we propose is more likely due to a role for Dbf4 in the resumption of fork progression following checkpoint-induced arrest than prevention of late origin firing. Thus, the alteration of the M motif may facilitate the role of Dbf4 as a checkpoint target.