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Needs for animal models of human diseases of the nervous system.

THE FUNCTIONAL ATTRIBUTES of the human nervous system so eloquently distinguish Homo sapiens from other forms of life as to prejudice against acceptance of shared neuropathologic processes with lower animals. This bias is ill-founded, however, since the molecular substrate of the human brain differs little either qualitatively or, in some instances, quantitatively from that of other mammals. Indeed, it is providential that we partake of their diseases, or they of ours, for these lower animals represent study models that are of inestimable value as sources of knowledge about the causation, pathogenesis, and therapeutic responsiveness of our own infirmities. Understandably, some models are true facsimilies of human disease; others merely mimic certain attributes with variable and sometimes equivocal accuracy. The list of animal models lengthens rapidly with the passage of time and already exceeds practicality for this review. A few examples will be selected as representative of the different categories of human neuropathologic disorders.