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ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE PATTERN OF VARIOUS UROPATHOGENIC ISOLATES CAUSING UTI: A STUDY FROM MEDICAL COLLEGE IN HIMACHAL PRADESH

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the commonest community acquired and nosocomial infections encountered by
clinicians in developing countries like India.Untreated UTI may lead to recurrence, renal scarring and renal failure. UTI is most often treated by
empirical broad spectrum antibiotics.The main aim of this study was to identify the organism isolated from the urine and determine its
antimicrobial resistance pattern so as to provide data for reference which may be of epidemiological and clinical importance regarding widespread
multidrug resistance among uropathogens. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology at
DRPGMC Kangra at Tanda (Himachal Pradesh), India. Atotal of 3101 urine samples were collected from patients during a period of one and half
year from April 2019 to September 2019.The urine samples were then cultured using a standard loop containing 0.01 ml of urine on CLED and
MacConkey agar. The inoculated plates were incubated aerobically at 37°C for 18–24 hrs. Antimicrobial susceptibility was done on Mueller hinton
agar plates that were incubated aerobically at 37°C for 18–24 hrs as per CLSI guidelines. RESULT: A total of 3101 clean catch samples were
received in the Department of Microbiology,. Out of these only 640(20.64%) samples show signicant bacterial count. Among 640 samples with
signicant bacterial count 178(27.81%) were from male and 462(72.19%) were from female patients.The common isolated Gram Negative
bacteria were E. coli (68.3%) followed by Klebsiella spp. (11.7%). Susceptibility was seen in majority with fosfomycin, imipenem and
nitrofurantoin. CONCLUSION: Escherichia coli remained the predominant isolate among enterobacterales and gram negative organisms, more
commonly in females. Regular antimicrobial susceptibility is required to be carried out to see the current pattern of susceptibili