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Comparison of biochemical composition of commercial sea cucumbers, Apostichopus japonicus and Parastichopus californicus, under the same culture conditions.

BACKGROUND
Apostichopus japonicus and Parastichopus californicus are two of the most important and profitable commercial sea cucumbers along North Pacific coast. This study compared the body wall production rate (BWPR), proximate compositions, amino acid, fatty acid, trace element and vitamin compositions, and nonspecific immune enzyme activities of A. japonicus and P. californicus cultured in an artificial pond.


RESULTS
The BWPR, crude fat, and ash contents in the body walls of A. japonicus and P. californicus showed remarkable differences (P < 0.05). For the 18 amino acids tested, differences in the contents of 15 were significant (P < 0.05) between the two species, except for threonine, methionine, and histidine, and their first limiting amino acids were both methionine+cysteine. There were seven saturated and ten unsaturated fatty acids in their body walls, and except for 18: 1 and 20: 1, the content differences of the other 15 fatty acids were all significant (P < 0.05). Furthermore, between the two sea cucumbers, differences in the contents of seven trace elements (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cr, Ni, Se) and six vitamins (VB1 , VB3 , VB5 , VB9 , VC , VE ) were significant (P < 0.05), meanwhile, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), acid phosphatase (ACP), and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) also showed distinct differences (P < 0.05).


CONCLUSION
There are greater differences in the biochemical compositions and contents between A. japonicus and P. californicus, each with its own unique quality advantages. A. japonicus and P. californicus have high nutritional value, which are both the superior sea cucumbers. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.