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Calculation and Analysis on Indirect Carbon Emissions from Residential Consumption Based on Input-Output Model

In this paper,the indirect carbon emissions from residential consumption in China during 1992-2005 are calculated and analyzed using the input-output model based on the comparable price input-output tables.The empirical results show that the indirect residential carbon emissions in China rose up from 3.3876×108 t C to 6.7940×108 t C with the growth rate of 100%;the indirect residential carbon emission per capita rose up from 289.1 kg C to 519.6 kg C with the growth rate of 79.7%.Both of these growth rates were much lower than that of residential consumption scale,and the ratio of residential emissions to that of the whole national carbon emission tended to fluctuant decline.The proportion of emissions from agriculture and foods dropped considerably,while that from service sector,such as residence,transportation,and information service,rose sharply during this period.The gap of emission scale between urban and rural residents tended to be widened,with the ratio of urban residential emission per capita to the rural ranging from 2.4 to 4.0,even though changes in emission structure of both areas showed some homogenous trend.Compared with developed countries,the indirect carbon emission per capita from residential consumption in China was only 1/14 to that in the USA in the 1990s,as well as 1/5 to 1/2 to that in European countries,showing that the residential emission level in China remains still in fairly low in meeting basic needs,and needs to be improved reasonably.These results imply that it is possible for China in the future that people's living standard may be improved continuously while carbon emissions may be slowed effectively by upgrading residential consumption structure to adjust industrial structure,as well as to reduce carbon intensity.