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The spleen and congenital heart disease.

Asplenia and polysplenia are frequently associated with complex cardiac malformations and other visceral abnormalities. These latter may include malrotation of the gut, horizontal liver, interrupted inferior vena cava with azygos continuation, and symmetry of the lungs.The findings on thoracic and abdominal roentgenograms may frequently help one predict the type of splenic abnormality, but this is not invariable. The knowledge of the spleen is helpful in suggesting the most likely cardiac malformations.Forty-one patients with proven asplenia or polysplenia coexisting with congenital heart disease were analyzed in detail. In these cases the abdominal or thoracic roentgenograms as well as the angiographic findings were reviewed. The findings were correlated with cardiac catheterizations, surgical operations, and postmortem examinations. Certain characteristics were found to be prevalent in each of these.The presumptive diagnosis from the plain film roentgenograms can be made in classical situations, but it ...