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Overview of New Trends in Energetics

The world today faces major energy problems, and one of the biggest problems is cli­mate change caused by heavy pollution, which threatens the natural environment and man’s current and future well-being. Energy from carbon fossil fuels covers over 80% of the world’s needs in 2020. This is very alarming information, given that fossil fuels cause large emissions of greenhouse gases, which lead to major climate changes, an increase in the average tempera­ture on Earth, and many other negative consequences. To end climate change, the concentra­tion of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere must stabilize, and to achieve this, global green­house gas emissions must be reduced to zero. The world, therefore, needs an energy transfor­mation. After the Paris climate agreement in 2015, significant changes began to take place in the global energy sector. For this reason, this paper describes changes or new trends that are beginning to change the entire energy sector (e.g. renewable sources, shale gas, the decarboni­zation process, decentralization and digitalization of the energy sector, flexibility of energy sys­tems, and blockchain technology.