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[Effect of subgingival plaque control by a direct irrigation technic. I. The clinical and microbiological changes after the irrigation with distilled water or 1/30 diluted iodine complex solution].

The efficacy of subgingival plaque control by the direct irrigation technique was studied. Twelve adult patients with periodontal pockets of 4mm or more received an initial treatment, followed by irrigation using the device called Pocket Irrigator PT-01 with distilled water or 1/30 diluted iodine complex solution. The clinical and microbiological parameters were recorded prior to the irrigation and immediately after, at 1 hour, 1 day and 1 week after the irrigation. The plaque index (P1. I.), gingival index (G. I.), gingival crevicular fluid (G. C. F.) and probing depth were used as clinical parameters. Samples of the bacteria were collected with paper points from the periodontal pockets. The samples were examined by dark field microscopy with the Petroff-Hauser counting chamber. The total number of bacteria and the microbial composition of each of the 12 pockets were examined. The clinical data showed no significant changes before and after the irrigation. The total number of bacteria decreased immediately after the irrigation and then increased gradually. The number of bacteria, however, maintained a lower level than those of the baseline during the whole experimental period. A significant change in the microbial composition also appeared. The proportion of motile rods and spirochetes decreased until 1 day and then increased gradually near to that of the baseline. The results indicate that pocket irrigation by distilled water or 1/30 diluted iodine complex solution is effective to eliminate the subgingival plaque until 7 days.