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Antibacterial Activity of Magnesium Oxide Nano‐hexagonal Sheets for Wastewater Remediation

Water pollution has been rapidly intensified because of the growing population, industrial development, and improper management of water sources. In this work, we fabricated hexagonal micro/macroporous MgO nanosheets (HMM‐NSs) with an average particle size of 350 nm. HMM‐NSs served as an effective antibacterial agent with high surface reactivity due to their well‐scattered pore windows, which conferred the sheets with a large surface. Controlled HMM‐NSs create additional active sites throughout the interior/exterior sheet surface, thereby promoting the release of reactive O species (ROS). The antimicrobial activity of the designed nanosheets was tested against Gram‐positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and ‐negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria. HMM‐NSs exhibited potential for bioapplication in inactivating bacterial cells by killing them through the interaction with bacterial cell membrane and internal cellular components. The reactions with cell wall proteins led to reduced permeability, while high release rates of ROS from HMM‐NSs caused damage to DNA and cellular components and eventually led to cell death. Therefore, these finding may provide an unconventional strategy for wastewater disinfection that can be used for irrigation. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38: S260–S266, 2019