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Performance and preparation of modified pearlite thermal-insulating composites

Abstract In this article, three composites were prepared by filling the composition of hydrophobically modified pearlite with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), urea-formaldehyde resin (UF), and melamine urea formaldehyde resin (MUF). Properties including combustion time, smoke density, oxygen index, and thermal conductivity, as well as the effects of component ratio on the combustion performance were determined for each of the three composites. The results indicated improved flame retardancy of all composite samples as a result of synergistic effects of the hydrophobically modified pearlite and the three binding agents. The PVA-based composite showed advantages in density, thermal decomposition, and smoke density, whereas UF-based and MUF-based ones showed good flame retardancy. Specially, the oxygen index of MUF-based composite material reached 52.5% (Level B1 flame retardancy).