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Identification and quantification of actin isoforms in vertebrate cells and tissues

The cytoskeletal protein actin exists in vertebrates as six different isoforms, which are difficult to identify conclusively because of a high degree (>90%) of overall sequence homology. We have used IEF immunoblotting in combination with a panel of isoform‐specific and ‐selective antibodies to analyze the actin isoform composition of nine tissues from adult rat. In three nonmuscle tissues (lung, spleen, and testis), we detected a previously unreported isoform that we identified as smooth muscle α. The IEF immunoblot technique was also used to quantify the proportions of the isoforms expressed in these nine rat tissues.