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Developing a Community Mental Health Clinic On an Indian Reservation

DEVELOPING A COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH CLINIC ON AN INDIAN RESERVATION MARVIN W. KAHN and JOHN L. DELK University of Arizona Developing a Psychological Services Clinic on an Indian Reservation where none had previously existed, is described. Among the economically, socially, and educationally disadvantaged peoples in the United States, American Indians stand second to none. Since disadvantaged groups have been found to have much higher rates of emotional and behavioural disturbance than advantaged peoples, the needs of Indians for psychological services are great. However, few such services for Indians exist. In developing a psychological clinic on the Papago Indian Reservation we found that the following were of crucial importance : (1) that the need for such services was recognised by tribal officials as well as by the outside health officials : (2) that clinic personnel were able to work effectively with Papagos, which required respect for and understanding of Papago culture, values, and personality characteristics ; (3) that the service model employed was functional in the face of language and cultural differences. It was found that a community consultation model employing indigenous mental health workers as well as other Papagos was operationally effective. Further, using Papago practitioners (medicine men) as professional consultants to the clinic or to the patient was advantageous in certain cases. Analysis of symptom and demographic characteristics of individual Indian patients who were seen by the clinic indicated that they tended to be young, to frequently come from broken homes, with depressive symptoms and school, alcohol abuse, and family problems the most frequent. DEVELOPING A COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH CLINIC ON THE PAPAGO INDIAN RESERVATION MARVIN W. KAHN and JOHN L. DELK University of Arizona THE purpose of this paper is to describe the rationale and procedures that were involved in starting and developing what is now a very active and very well accepted psychological services clinic on an Indian reservation. Because there was previously no facility on that reservation and because the Papago Indian Tribe retains much of its traditional cultural beliefs and life style, it would seem that the experiences gained here may be of value for other situations where new mental health facilities are to be planned for a special sub-culture.