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Increase in functional abilities following a residential educational and neurorehabilitation programme in young adults with acquired brain injury.

OBJECTIVES
To characterize and determine the pre-injury and injury-related variables that are linked to the extent of functional recovery following rehabilitation at a mixed therapy and educational residential programme and whether these variables differ for traumatic brain injury (TBI) and non traumatic brain injury (nonTBI).


METHODS
106 young adults (age 16-36 years) with moderate-to-severe TBI who had attended and been discharged from the centre since 2002 were included. Clients received 5 hours of education and/or therapy each day. Functional level was assessed using the FIM + FAM. Regression analysis was used to determine possible predictors of functional independence at discharge.


MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS
Clients with TBI and nonTBI made clinically and statistically significant improvements in their functional abilities during their neurorehabilitation. For the combined TBI and nonTBI group, FIM + FAM scores at discharge were predicted by FIM + FAM at admission and length of stay. These two predictors explained 80% of the variance in the FIM + FAM score at discharge.


CONCLUSION
Both clients with TBI and nonTBI benefited from a mixed inpatient neurorehabilitation programme. This benefit was predicted by their functional abilities at admission and the length of stay. These findings are of importance as it becomes increasingly necessary to demonstrate who will benefit from residential intensive neurorehabilitation as opposed to community therapy.