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Nonuremic Uses for Dialysis

The vast majority of dialysis treatments performed in this country are for renal failure and fluid overload. The nephrologist is also occasionally consulted to provide dialysis to help in the management of overdoses or poisonings. Dialysis has, however, also been studied and utilized in many other diverse conditions (Table 1). In some, dialysis is ineffective and only of historical interest, or it is effective but impractical; in others, it is effective, but the setting in which it is used is so uncommon that only rarely will the nephrologist ever encounter them. This review will discuss the use of dialysis for a number of unusual reasons other than the more common indications of renal failure, fluid overload, overdoses, or poisonings.