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Symposium Foreword: Rights-Based Approaches to Climate Change

The severe impacts of climate change on human rights are increasingly evident as climate-related harms such as tropical storms, forest fires, and desertification intensify. As understanding of the causes and effects of climate change has improved, so too has recognition of the injustices inherent in anthropogenic global warming. Climate injustices are compounded by the fact that those individuals and groups most vulnerable to climatic harm are most likely to have fewest financial resources and lowest adaptive capacities, and are least responsible for the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that have caused the problem. Campaigners and litigants are increasingly looking to human rights principles and law to protect victims – both current and future – against the negative impacts of climate change and to promote climate justice.1 Anthropogenic climate change threatens all human rights to a greater or lesser extent. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) warns that its impacts will be ‘severe, pervasive and irreversible’.2 The right to life is threatened by systemic risks arising from extreme weather events that undermine infrastructure and critical services such as electricity, water supply, and health services. The right to health will be undermined by increased risks from food-, water- and vector-borne diseases. Injuries, diseases and deaths will increase as a result of more intense storms, heatwaves and forest fires, and malnutrition from diminished food production is likely to increase in poor regions.