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Novelty Detection in Power Quality Signals with Surrogates: a Time-Frequency Technique

In the new context of smart grids (SGs), new types of electric disturbances may occur in the electrical power systems (EPSs) current and voltage waveforms. The detection and the study of such disturbances can be useful in the operation and control of the EPSs. In order to identify any waveform abnormality or variation, novelty detectors might be used. This work presents a novelty detection technique for power quality signals based on surrogates and distances calculated in the time-frequency domain. Surrogates are signals created with the same magnitude of the Fourier spectrum from the original signal, but with the phase spectrum generated from a random uniform distribution. Tests using several cases of the most common power quality disturbances using synthetic signals were conducted. A comparison with an energy-based novelty detector currently present in the literature is performed, showing better performance results in terms of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve parameters. Also, a real-life waveform signal is used to show the presented technique in action. The surrogate technique presented in this work can be useful in the definition of the novelties ground-truth for real power signal waveforms.