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Real‐time updating of the Simplified Ionospheric Regional Model for operational applications

A method for mapping of ionospheric conditions over Europe, suitable to be used in real time for operational applications, is described in this paper. The method is based on the Simplified Ionospheric Regional Model (SIRM), a regional model of the standard vertical incidence monthly median ionospheric characteristics that has been updated with real‐time (automatic scaled) ionospheric observations to produce nowcasting maps over Europe. As substantial fluctuations from a monthly median regional ionospheric description occur on day‐to‐day basis, the SIRM results oversimplified a number of the ionospheric phenomena of real significance for radio communications applications. Therefore a rapid conversion of real‐time data from four European digisondes (Digital Portable Sounders) to the driving parameters of the Simplified Ionospheric Regional Model is introduced as the real‐time SIRM updating (SIRMUP). In this approach, values of the ionospheric characteristics from first‐guess model parameters at measurement points are combined with real‐time measurements. To assess the qualitative improvements achieved with the real‐time SIRM update method, observations of foF2 parameter with SIRMUP predictions were compared for various ionospheric conditions. The simulation shows that the SIRMUP prediction results are much improved comparing to SIRM predictions, especially during large‐scale ionospheric disturbances, as well as during quiet conditions, while there was a marginal improvement during localized ionospheric disturbances. In general, the results clearly demonstrate that the proposed procedure of updating SIRM with automatic scaling ionospheric parameters from the four European digisondes has the potential to be used in real time for nowcasting the standard ionospheric characteristics over Europe for operational applications.