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Identification of genetic differences in drug metabolism: Prediction of individual risk of toxicity or cancer

These two reports describe recombinant DNA tests that can identify individuals having a defect in the cytochrome P450IID6 (CYP2D6)‐mediated oxidative metabolism of debrisoquine and more than two dozen other drugs that are commonly prescribed. The poor metabolizer (PM), representing 5% to 10% of the northern European white population is homozygous for an autosomal recessive trait. Compared with the extensive metabolizer (EM) phenotype, the PM individual is more prone to toxicity caused by some of these drugs. Curiously, the PM phenotype appears to be associated with a lower risk of lung and bladder cancer.