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'To be Enslaved or Thus Deprived': British Impressment, American Discontent, and the Making of the Chesapeake-Leopard Affair, 1803–1807

Abstract The impressment of American seamen by the Royal Navy was one of the central issues leading to the War of 1812, and the Chesapeake-Leopard affair in 1807 in which US seamen were killed marked a high point in popular disenchantment and opposition to it in the United States. This article argues that this popular opposition had been growing for some time, fuelled by a succession of earlier incidents of which the Chesapeake-Leopard affair was merely the latest, if perhaps most egregious, and this helps to explain both the event itself and the reactions to it among the American population.