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Intrinsic mode (IM) - parabolic equation (PE) comparisons on radio wave propagation

Radiowave propagation in tropospheric ducts near earth's surface is described in terms of Intrinsic Mode and Parabolic Equation methods. The discussion is focused on ground wave propagation near earth's surface through surface based as well as elevated ducts. Anomalous propagation under superrefraction, standard and subrefraction conditons is investigated in high frequency band. Transverse and longitudinal variations of field strengths computed with the two methods are compared at different operating frequencies under various boundary conditons and excellent agreement among the results are presented.