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High resolution MRI of MCF7 human breast tumors: Complemented use of iron oxide microspheres and Gd‐DTPA

The differential capacity of iron oxide microspheres and of gadolinium‐diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd‐DTPA) to serve as contrast agents that can map the microcirculation of MCF7 human breast cancer implanted in nude mice has been examined by high resolution MRI. Modulation of signal intensity in T2*‐weighted, gradient‐echo images after iron oxide administration and the temporal signal enhancement after Gd‐DTPA administration were monitored and analyzed at a spatial resolution of 98 × 98 × 500 μm and 195 × 390 × 1,000 μm, respectively. The pathophysiologic features revealed in the contrast‐enhanced images were analyzed in reference to those obtained from the corresponding high resolution T2‐weighted, spin‐echo images and from histologic sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin and with an endothelial cell marker. The results showed that iron oxide microspheres can aid in the characterization of gross histopathologic features and in the assessment of the distribution of the microvasculature, whereas Gd‐DTPA estimates the permeability of the microvessels to this agent and determines the cellularity (cell volume fraction) in the vicinity of the vessels.