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Brain GABA metabolism after chronic ethanol consumption and withdrawal in rats

Abstract We have studied the activities of the GABA metabolizing enzymes‐GABA aminotransferase (GABA‐AT), succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSA‐DH) and SSA reductase (SSA‐R) and the levels of GABA, glutamine and glutamate in rats preferring water (WP) or ethanol (EP) after 6 months of ethanol consumption and 12 hours to 7 days after withdrawal. We showed decreased GABA levels in the brain stem, decreased GABA‐AT activity in the hemispheres and brain stem, and enhanced GABA‐AT activity in the striatum of EP rats compared with the control or WP animals following chronic consumption of ethanol. We found decreased activity of SSA‐R and SSA‐DH in the hemispheres and brain stems of alcohol‐treated rats compared to the control rats. Withdrawal (0.5‐7 days) induced numerous profound changes in GABA metabolism.