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Determinants of perceived aggression.

Summary It was hypothesized that similar coercive actions performed by the same actor would result in differential attributions of aggression by observers depending on the instigatory or defensive character of the action. One hundred and forty male and female Ss viewed either live or videotaped scenarios depicting instigatory or responsive (offensive or defensive) use of coercive power (threat or force), or a control condition in which no altercation occurred. In both studies, offensive use of coercion was rated as significantly more aggressive than defensive use of coercion. The actors who used harm-doing coercion defensively were perceived as significantly (p < .05) less aggressive than all other actors with the exception of the actor who used no coercion (p < .10). The results were interpreted within a framework of a coercive power model of interpersonal influence and as consistent with attribution theory.