{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.043291898842691814, 'fraction_numerical': 0.018859837119588514, 'mean_word_length': 5.342391304347826, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 1, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Light modulation of vegetative development.

Plants sense many aspects of light in their environment, including its wavelength, duration, intensity, and direction. This information is used to optimize growth for the ambient light environment, thereby allowing the plant to function as an efficient photosynthetic machine throughout development. Light has particularly dramatic effects on the morphogenesis of seedlings during the transition from heterotrophic (life under the ground) to photoautotrophic growth. During seedling development, light stimulates leaf and chloroplast differentiation, inhibits the rate of hypocotyl growth, and induces the expression of a large battery of nuclearand chloroplast-encoded genes. Later in vegetative development, light sensing allows plants to properly time the transition to reproductive growth. The light-dependent development of plants is a complex process involving the combined action of several photoreceptor systems. These include the red/far-red light-absorbing phytochromes (Quail et al., 1995), the blue/UV-A lightabsorbing cryptochromes (Ahmad and Cashmore, 1996), and distinct UV-A (Young et al., 1992) and UV-B (Beggs and Wellman, 1985; Christie and Jenkins, 1996) light photoreceptors, about which little is known. Plants use these photoreceptors to accurately sense and respond to light intensities that vary over seven to eight orders of magnitude (Kendrick and Kronenberg, 1994). For instance, some light responses, such as the induction of nuclear-encoded genes encoding the light-harvesting chlorophyll proteins of photosystem II (LHCB), can be initiated by fluences as low as 0.1 nmol m-2. These are classified as very-low-fluence (VLF) responses. Other responses (e.g., lettuce seed germination), which cannot be initiated until the fluences reach 1 mmol m-2, are referred to as low-fluence (LF) responses. Lastly, responses such as stem growth inhibition and floral induction, which are elicited by prolonged or continuous irradiation by fluences >10 mmol m-2, are known as high-irradiation reactions (HIR). Phytochromes are responsible for VLF, LF, and HIR responses to red and farred light (Mancinelli and Rabino, 1978; Kaufman et al., 1984). There are also distinct LF and high-fluence detection systems that mediate blue light responses (Warpeha and Kaufman, 1990).