{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.02707474985285462, 'fraction_numerical': 0.018246027074749854, 'mean_word_length': 5.181818181818182, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Characterization and Molecular Mapping of a Gene Conferring High-temperature Adult-plant Resistance to Stripe Rust Originally from Aegilops ventricosa.

Wheat near-isogenic line AvSYr17NIL carrying Yr17 originally from Aegilops ventricosa for all-stage resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) also shows non-race specific, high-temperature adult-plant (HTAP) resistance to the stripe rust pathogen. To separate and identify the HTAP resistance gene, seeds of AvSYr17NIL were treated with ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). Mutant lines with only HTAP resistance were obtained, and one of the lines, M1225, was crossed with the susceptible recurrent parent Avocet S (AvS). Field responses of the F2 plants and F3 lines, together with the parents, were recorded at the adult-plant stage in Pullman and Mount Vernon, WA under natural Pst infection. The parents and the F4 population were phenotyped with an Yr17-virulent Pst race in the adult-plant stage under the high temperature profile in the greenhouse. The phenotypic results were confirmed by testing the F5 population in the field under natural Pst infection. The F2 data indicated a single recessive gene, temporarily named YrM1225, for HTAP resistance. The F4 lines were genotyped with Kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP) markers converted from single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers polymorphic between M1225 and AvS. The HTAP resistance gene was mapped on the short arm of chromosomal 2A in an interval of 7.5 cM using both linkage and quantitative trait locus mapping approaches. The separation of the HTAP resistance gene from Yr17 should improve the understanding and utilization of the different types of resistance.