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The effect of a two‐year school‐based daily physical activity intervention on a clustered CVD risk factor score—The Sogndal school‐intervention study

To evaluate changes in clustered cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in 9‐year‐old children following a 2‐year school‐based physical activity intervention. In total, 259 children (age 9.3 ± 0.3 years) were invited, of whom 256 participated. The intervention group (63 boys, 62 girls) carried out 60‐minute teacher‐controlled daily physical activity over two school years. The control group (62 boys, 69 girls) had the curriculum‐defined amount of physical education (45 minutes twice each week). Of these, 67% (171 total, 91 intervention) successfully completed both baseline and post‐intervention of six CVD risk factors: systolic blood pressure (SBP), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol‐to‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TC:HDL ratio), waist circumference (WC), the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA), and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak). All variables were standardized by sex prior to constructing a cluster score (sum of z scores for all variables). The effect of the intervention on the cluster score was analyzed using linear multiple regression. The cluster score improved after the intervention (ES = .29). Furthermore, the analyses showed significant effects in favor of the intervention group for systolic blood pressure (ES = .35), total cholesterol‐to‐HDL‐c ratio (ES = .23), triglyceride (ES = .40), and VO2peak (ES = .57). A teacher‐led school‐based physical activity intervention that is sufficiently long and includes a substantial amount of daily physical activity can beneficially modify children's clustered CVD risk profile.