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Effects of leaf position, surface, and entry sites on Quambalaria eucalypti infection in eucalypt.

The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of leaf position, surface, and the need for entry sites, such as wounds, other pathogen lesions or natural openings, to promote infection of Quambalaria eucalypti in Eucalyptus spp. We carried out a series of artificial inoculations in wounded and unwounded leaves from seedlings of Eucalyptus globulus and two hybrid clones (UFV-100 - E. grandis x E. urophylla and UFV-101 - E. saligna x E. maidenii). E. globulus was more susceptible to infection than clones UFV-100 and UFV-101. Artificial wounds greatly favored pathogen penetration. However, old lesions caused by Cylindrocladium pteridis and Puccinia psidii did not provide infection sites for Q. eucalypti. Differences in fungal spore germination and leaf surface colonization were not observed between expanding and fully expanded leaves. Q. eucalypti penetrated through the wounded leaves and we didn't observe direct penetration thought the epidermis. Stomata neither attracted nor repelled germ tube and somatic hyphae. Young expanding leaves were more susceptible to Q. eucalypti infection than fully expanded leaves located in the upper third of the plant. Infection took place preferentially on the abaxial leaf surface.