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Convection Generated by a Gradient of Interfacial Tension in a Phase Separated Binary Liquid Mixture with a Miscibility Gap

a gradient of the liquid/liquid interfacial tension generated by a temperature gradient (thermocapillary motion, Marangoni convection). The experiments are carried out in the vicinity of the temperature at which the coexisting phases have the same density (isopycnic temperature Tip). Under that condition the influence of the force of gravity on the thermocapillary motion of the droplets can be neglected. The results show that the measured migration velocity is larger by factor of about 1.4 than theoretically expected if only the temperature dependence of the interfacial tension is taken into account. This discrepancy is assumed to be caused by a contribution of a gradient of the interfacial tension originated from a concentration gradient along the interface of the droplets. The concentration gradient is the result of a temperature dependent local mass transport of the components of the mixture across the liquid/liquid to maintain the temperature dependent diffusive equilibrium between the two phases.