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Of Slavery and Sources

Nineteenth-century American historians developed a dramatic grand narrative of a nation founded on a rising tide of liberty. This is the story we want as a people, and in various guises, historians have provided it for two hundred years, albeit at times in forms nineteenth-century historians would find strange or even unrecognizable. Since the time of the civil rights movement, though, more than one historian has asked how a society with an expanding sense of individual liberty could have been so dependent on race-based slave labor. This paradox has helped inspire a major trend in early American history over the last two decades or so: the writing, and rewriting, of the history of slavery and its relationship to the rise of democracy. New York Burning: Liberty, Slavery, and Conspiracy in Eighteenth-Century Manhattan by Jill Lepore is based on the premise that a bloody repression of slaves and poor whites following a series of fires in New York City in 1741 was related to pre-existing political tensions among the colony's elite. Specifically, Lepore believes that the divisions caused by the Zenger Crisis, a political upheaval in the colony in the mid-1730s, may have intensified white fears of disorder and rebellion. The trials that followed the fires allowed members of