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MALFORMATIONS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM INDUCED BY NEUROTROPIC DRUGS IN MOUSE EMBRYOS

Out of a sample of fifteen neurotropic drugs consisting of seven antidepressants and anti‐psychotics, two antianxiety drugs, one anticonvulsant, three opiates and two synthetic analgesics, twelve were found to be teratogenic for mouse embryos, causing malformations of the central nervous system. After single injections of the teratogenic dose administered at the very beginning of the ninth day of gestation, four days later, i.e. in 13‐day‐old embryos, the induced defects appeared to make up a recurring syndrome of malformations which consists of several abnormalities present in various frequencies either individually or in combination in the same embryos. These malformations are: exencephaly, craniorachischisis, cervical and thoraco‐lumbar myeloschisis, hydrocephalic dilatation of the fourth brain ventricle, Z‐shaped kinking of the spinal cord and lumbar hydromyelia. In addition, after administration of some of the drugs, branchyury or anury with or without lumbar myeloaplasia were recorded.