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Anti-p53 antibodies in colorectal cancer patients

Introduction . The aim of the study was to determine the association between anti-p53 antibodies, serum CEA levels and the immunohistochemically assessed accumulation of the p53 protein in the nuclei of tumor cells in selected patients with colorectal cancer and histological tumor stage according to Astler-Coller, tumor localization and size, the degree of histological differentiation and histological type, metastatic disease involving the peri-intestinal lymph nodes and patient gender and age. Material and methods . The study included 229 patients with colorectal cancer diagnosed on the basis of histo- pathological or cytological examinations. In all the patients, serologic examinations were performed (serum anti-p53 antibodies presence and serum CEA level), in 221 patients, tumor tissue was available for histopathological examination. Results . Serum anti-p53 antibodies were found in 62 patients (27%) with stage D disease according to Astler-Coller, p53 protein antibodies were more frequent in this group than in stage B2 patients (p=0.02). Serum anti-p53 antibodies were also more frequent in patients with tumors located in the descending colon, as compared to the ascending colon (p=0.04). In patients with tumors with a diameter of more than 25 mm or 30 mm, serum anti-p53 antibodies were more frequent than in patients with tumor less than or equal to 25 mm or 30 mm in diameter. The percentage of tumors with p53 protein accumulation was higher in stage B1 than in stage C2 (p=0.02), similarly as in the sigmoid vs. the ascending colon (p=0.01), in the rectum vs. the ascending colon (p=0.01) and in the left colon vs. the right colon (p=0.003). Conclusions . 1.The presence of anti-p53 antibodies in the serum of patients with colorectal cancer depends on the size, location and tumor stage according to Astler-Coller. 2.The presence of serum anti-p53 antibodies in 25% of colorectal cancer patients only limits the use of the antibodies in clinical practice, for example as a a prognostic factor, or in postoperative monitoring.