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Precise localization of silicone-based intercranial planar electrodes in magnetic resonance imaging

Intercranial planar electrodes enable neural recordings with high spatial resolution in diagnosis as well as for treatments. The value of the measurements increases with the precision of localization of the electrodes related to the individual anatomy. In this context, post-implantation MRI provides excellent soft tissue contrast, but the accurate localization of electrodes is impaired by magnetic susceptibility artifacts. We have addressed this problem without adding a substantial burden to the electrode fabrication process. Simple silicone reference structures were strategically placed on the implant surface to visualize the electrodes position in MRI. These reference structures allowed high precision electrode localization independently of electrode imaging artifacts. This implant manufacturing approach could prove extremely useful in combination with existing image processing pipelines.