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Principal component analysis of soft x-ray signals generated by the PF-1000 facility in experiments with solid targets

The paper presents the analysis of soft x-ray signals generated in the PF-1000 facility equipped with a modified inner electrode with a central tungsten insert of 50 mm diameter in experiments with tungsten and carbon samples. The PF-1000 machine was operated with pure deuterium filling under the initial pressure of 1.3 hPa. The machine was powered using a condenser bank charged initially to 24 kV, corresponding to the stored energy of 380 kJ, with the maximum discharge current amounted to 1.8 MA. For investigation of plasma stream–sample interactions, we applied 16-frame laser interferometry, optical spectroscopy and soft x-ray measurements with the use of a system of four silicon pin-diodes. In this paper, we mainly focus on the principal component analysis (PCA) of the registered x-ray signals to find a corelation between the neutron yield and observed maxima in signals. X-ray signals collected by four pin-diodes covered a 9 cm range in front of the electrode ends. Each diode collected a signal from the circle of 3 cm diameter. The presented PCA analysis is based on 57 PF discharges and 16 parameters are taken into account in the analysis. The study of signals from the pin-diode system showed good correlation between the neutron yield and the maximum in the x-ray signal, which appeared about 1000–1300 ns after the maximum of plasma compression.