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Temperature nonuniformity due to heat conduction and radiation in the pulse calorimetry technique

The paper presents an assessment of the unwanted temperature nonuniformity
 found in high temperature applications of the pulse calorimetry technique.
 Specimens in the form of a solid cylinder undergoes fast electrical heating
 and an intense heat radiation at high temperatures, coupled with the heat
 conduction to the specimens? cold ends, make them having a highly nonuniform
 temperature distribution, both in their radial and axial directions. By
 using FEM simulations of a typical pulse calorimetry experiment, the
 temperature nonuniformity across the specimen diameter and along the
 specimen effective length has been estimated for different specimen
 dimensions and materials, as well as for different heating rates. The
 obtained results suggest that an optimization of experimental parameters,
 such as the specimen diameter, specimen total and effective length and
 heating rate, is needed for minimization of the temperature nonuniformity
 effect.