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Perioperative anesthetic management in a patient with factor XI deficiency undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery

Spontaneous bleeding is rare in patients with factor XI deficiency and significant bleeding usually occurs after a trauma or a surgical procedure. It is difficult to maintain hemostatic balance in these patients. In the present case report, a 68‐year‐old male patient with no chronic disease was scheduled for elective cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Eight units of fresh‐frozen plasma (FFP) were slowly infused and the operation was initiated with the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) of 34.5, which was 108.7 in the preoperative period. Tranexamic acid bolus was administered before the skin incision and continued throughout the operation. Intraoperative aPTT was measured intermittently and a total of six units of FFP were administered. After 76 minutes of cross‐clamp time, the patient was separated from cardiopulmonary bypass without any problem. There is no consensus regarding the management of bleeding during cardiac surgery in patients with factor XI deficiency. The common approach includes normalizing the factor levels via FFP infusion or factor concentrates in the preoperative period, proceeding with surgery following the replacement, and close monitoring of perioperative factor levels and aPTT values.