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Ultrasonography applications in algo-disfunctional syndrome of the temporomandibular joint

The ultrasound examination is a certain tool in order to diagnose some disorders at the maxillofacial region generating discomfort, disability and negative impact of life quality. In the temporomandibular joint region are different structures (tissues) that can be visualized by issuing different sound waves. The ultrasound examination applied to 103 patients complaining rheumatic symptoms of tempormandibular joint was based on a standard protocol that allowed the identification and measurement of aspects related to the alignment of the joint surfaces; mandibular condyle and temporal fossa shape; the joint space and the TMJ meniscus in static and dynamic; masticators at rest and contraction. The whole study group was found with degenerative lesions at a rate of 53.40% inflammatory lesions, a rate of 29.13% and a rate of mixed lesions of 10.67%. Conclusions: The ultrasound examination provides strong arguments demonstrating morphological and functional damage of TMJ in rheumatic disorders. The ultrasound examination is a powerful tool of diagnosis offering low cost - efficiency - time.