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Where is multicast today?

Multicast has been a very active area of research in the nineties. Multicast is uniquely qualified to deliver data in a scalable and efficient manner to a large number of receivers. Steve Deering in his thesis showed how to support multicast routing [1]. Since multicast routing was not supported directly by the routers, the first experiments were carried out building overlays such as the Mbone [2]. In the following, innovative applications using multicast were developed. For a survey of the various aspects of multicast and its applications see the book by S. Paul [3]. In multicast communication, the sender sends data to potentially a large number of receivers, as compared to unicast where there is only one receiver. The fact that there are multiple receivers that may experience heterogeneous transmission conditions with repect to bandwidth, loss and delay poses a number of challenges for the design of multicast error control and congestion control schemes.