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Determination of Antioxidant and Antifungal Activities in Cookies Fortified with Solar Dried Prickly Pear Peels Powder.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
The fortification of bakery products by new materials that attain various goals is considered a challenging that finally gains useful health amelioration. This study was planned to assess the effect of incorporation of solar dried prickly pear peels powder in qaraqeesh (Egyptian cookies) with respect to increase shelf life, sensory palatability and nutritional value. Prickly pear cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) beside distributed in arid and semiarid regions proved to have phytochemical compounds with high antioxidants capacity.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Fungi colonies were isolated from prickly pear peels. Three levels (1, 3 and 5%) of dried peels powder were added to wheat flour along with other ingredients to make cookies samples. Mycological analysis was assessed in yeast with the three concentrations of peels powder as well as the fresh peels and negative control. The total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanins and carotenoids as well as the antioxidant activity were evaluated in fresh and dried cactus peels.


RESULTS
Findings showed that the prickly pear peels powder (PPPP) antioxidant activity was not much affected by the solar drying conditions. The effect of different extracting solvents at different polarties and pH on the phenolic and flavonoids contents of PPPP was studied. Aflatoxins production by aflatoxignicity A. flavus (ATCC 28542) was inhibited by adding different concentrations of PPPP to cookies. Sensory evaluation of fortified cookies was done. All the evaluated characteristics of cookies were given nearly the same values for all levels of dried peels powder.


CONCLUSION
Addition of 5% dried cactus peel had lower overall quality and color than the control. Adding 3% of PPPP to cookies (qaraqeesh) showed the highest sensory score. Dried cactus peels may improve quality, nutritional value and shelf life of cookies.