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Tuberculosis, diabetes mellitus, and Malaysia

Tuberculosis (TB) remained a leading cause of mortality in Malaysia and it had been reported that TB was among the top five transmissible diseases.[1,2] In Malaysia, national TB control program was introduced in 1961and it played vital role in controlling TB.[2] However, a gradual increase in the number of TB notification was observed in the last decade. The incidence of TB in 1997 was 63.6/100,000 populations when compared to 61.0/100,000 population in 1996[3] and it reached to 64.7/100,000 in year 2000.[4] In Malaysia, the highest incidence of (TB) was in the states of Sabah, Wilayah Persekutuan, Sarawakn and Pinang.[4] Sabah accounted for 29% of the total newly identified cases at national level and annual notification rate were also highest than other states of Malaysia.[5,6] The directly observed treatment, short-course (DOTS) therapy was first employed in Malaysia during 1999, and free medication were provided to the patients. However, overall cases of all forms of TB had been augmented from 15,057 in year 2000 to 22,710 cases in 2012.[1,7,8]