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Urolithiasis from the point of view of the head physician of Ottoman emperors: Ahi Ahmed Çelebi.

Ahi Ahmed Çelebi was a famous Turkish physician in the 16th Century. He was the head physician of Bayazıd II, Yavuz Sultan Selim, and the Magnificent Suleiman who were Ottoman emperors in rising period. He worked extensively on urolithiasis since it was also common at that times, and wrote his experiences as a pamphlet in “Risala al-Kilya wa’lMathana“, and dedicated it to Bayazıd II (1-3). He has been explaining his own observations/experiences as well as mentioning from the works of local and foreign medical researchers.