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Perfluorocarbon liquids in the management of complicated retinal detachments.

Low viscosity perfluorocarbon liquids have unique physical properties making them ideal for the temporary tamponade, mechanical fixation, and manipulation of the retina. These substances are optically clear, have a specific gravity greater than that of water, and have interfacial tension properties similar to those of silicone oil. The temporary mechanical fixation of the retina by perfluorocarbon liquids facilitates the removal of epiretinal membranes and release of tractional forces. Intraoperative flattening of the retina under perfluorocarbon liquid eliminates the need for a posterior retinotomy. Perfluorocarbon liquids are being used intraoperatively for hydrokinetic manipulation of the retina during vitrectomy for complicated retinal detachments secondary to proliferative vitreoretinopathy, giant retinal tears, and trauma. Additional indications for the intraoperative utilization of perfluorocarbon liquids in vitreous surgery are discussed.