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The Influence of a Master's Degree on Salary Levels among Occupational Health Nurses

The motivation for people to work varies. Aside from providing for the necessities of life food, shelter, and clothing each individual has different goals which influence or stimulate work. These goals may be nebulous or distinct. They may include creation of a new product or service, desire to achieve power, to fulfill dreams, development of a "cushion" for some future use anticipated or unexpected and to feel a sense of worth. Besides working for any or several of these reasons people may further their educations for self-satisfaction, professional growth, professional recognition, improved employment opportunities, anticipated salary increase, or as an employer requirement. Furthering one's education is not always necessary to earn substantial salaries. Sports figures and entertainment personalities earn huge sums for their organizations, hence, command salaries which few of us can expect to attain. Yet, desire to acquire a baccalaureate and, later, a master's degree seems to consume young and older people alike. The start of the informational and educational revolution after World War II mushroomed in the 1970s and shows little signs of slowing. As our population has increased, more health professionals are required to provide health care and, as our labor force has accumulated increasing years in potentially hazardous environments, both at work and in the community, more occupational health professionals are needed to provide preventiveand health maintenance programs. Chemicals and physical agents cause illnesses with long latency periods or with increased frequency in specific locales, necessitating more well-educated occupational health nurses, physicians, industrial hygienists, toxicologists, epidemiologists, health physicists, and safety professionals. Nurses, as do other professionals, seek to further their education for a number of reasons. Some may be highly motivated to learn more in certain specialty areas. Some may wish to alter their job activities from patient care to management. Others may desire greater recognition. All are interested in salary increases which, frequently, reflect motivation, job activity change, and recognition. One's wages are not necessarily synonymous with earning power which includes eligibility to procure employment generally, the ability to hold a job, and the capacity to perform the tasks of one's chosen trade or profession. Nurses who work in the specialty area of Occupational Health Nursing have had the opportunity to obtain a master's degree since the early 1950s when a Master's in Public Health became available to them at Yale University. The Universityof Washington had a similar program between 1959 and 1962. These postgraduate courses did not attract large numbers of nurses, however. Until the recent decade (1972-1982) few nurses in the industrial setting had academic preparation beyond a diploma in nursing (Solomon, 1982).Those who did acquire a master'sdegree while working in industry (1948-1971) obtained an MA, MS, MEd, MUtt, etc., with majors other than occupational health. When the National Institute for