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[Continuous bedside pressure mapping in a general intensive care unit: a prospective observational study].

. Continuous bedside pressure mapping in a general intensive care unit: a prospective observational study.


INTRODUCTION
A continuous bedside pressure mapping device (PMD) can provide real-time feedback of ideal body position to allow off-loading of high-pressure areas to prevent pressure ulcers development.


OBJECTIVE
To describe the implementation of a PMD to measure tissue interface pressure (PIT) in Intensive Care (ICU) patients.


METHODS
Prospective observational study in ICU critically ill mechanically ventilated adults, in an Italian University Hospital. Subjects were enrolled in the first 24 hours after ICU admission. A pressure mapping system (M.A.P. System TM) was used and 3 measurements of PIT with patient in supine position, every 6 hours after admission, were performed. The following anti-decubitus surfaces were used: Duo2® - Hill-Rom, Proficare®, Nimbus 3® or Therakair Visio® - Arjohuntleigh, Getinge Group.


RESULTS
27 patients (8 females) were enrolled; average Body Mass Index 27±6 (range: 16-43); 4 patients (14%) were diabetic. The average pressure of the 1215 areas analyzed was 26.7±19.6 mmHg (range: 3-78); the region with the highest contact pressure was the dorsal region (average: 48.7±12.5 mmHg), followed by the occipital (44.7±19.6 mmHg), and sacrum (44.7±10.7 mmHg). The three anti-decubitus surfaces showed different performances in the distribution of PITs, with statistically significant differences for the following factors: body weight (p = 0.017), patient height (p = 0.034), with increased pressures in taller patients, and higher BMI (p <0.0001).


CONCLUSIONS
Mean values of PIT were above critical levels, especially in the dorsal, occipital and sacrum region.