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Evaluation of a Novel Digital Biomarker for Stress

Introduction Stress is a causative agent for multiple diseases and is also a predictor of worse outcomes for certain existing conditions [1,2]. It is also known to have a profound effect on longevity [3]. In the most recent Stress in AmericaTM survey conducted by the American Psychological Association, forty-two percent of survey respondents said that they were not doing good enough or were not sure if they were doing enough to manage their stress [4]. One of the challenges in stress management is stress measurement. Currently prevalent biomarkers for stress focus on responses from essential stress-sensitive physiological systems like the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (cortisol), the autonomic nervous systems (alpha amylase) and the immune system (pro-inflammatory cytokines). The invasive nature of blood collection for these markers, as well as their individual physiological rhythms, make it difficult to track them in a scalable manner outside the laboratory. This paper describes the evaluation of a novel voice technology that has the potential to utilize ubiquitous smartphones as non-invasive stress measurement tools.