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Expression of matrix metalloproteinases in a series of 12 meningiomas.

The expression of metalloproteinases was evaluated in a series of 12 meningiomas of various histological subtypes including 3 meningotheliomatous, 3 fibroblastic, 4 transitional and one psammomatous meningioma (WHO grade I) as well as one anaplastic meningioma (WHO grade III). No gelatinolytic activity could be detected in all tumor samples pointing towards no or very low activity of both MMP-2 and MMP-9. At least MMP-2 mRNA could be found in 10 out of 12 tumor samples by the reverse transcription PCR method (RT-PCR) followed by electrophoresis on silver-stained polyacrylamide gels, which allows the detection even of small traces of a specific mRNA. The PCR products were identified as MMP-2 sequences without introns (mRNA-derived) by direct sequencing, thereby demonstrating a low transcriptional activity of the gene. The translation of these mRNAs, however, did not result in amounts of protein detectable by immunohistochemistry or Western blotting. Therefore, neither MMP-2 nor MMP-9 should play a major role for tumor growth within dura mater or bone structures or for brain infiltration in our tumor series. Therefore, other mechanisms must be responsible for extracellular matrix degradation at least in a fraction of meningiomas.