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Antibodies to surface dopamine‐2 receptor and N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor in the first episode of acute psychosis in children

PERO databases were searched using terms including doctor, education, examination and performance. Inclusion criteria included years 2001–2016, doctors, summative oral examination results, any performance-affecting factor, and the countries Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States of America. Results were grouped into similar factors and a narrative synthesis was undertaken within each of these groupings. Results: International medical graduates (IMG) and ethnic minorities perform markedly worse in oral examinations, particularly in the UK. Males and those sitting a longer time from when they qualified as a doctor perform slightly worse. Previous academic success is associated with better results. Training programme qualities and educational strategies have a small effect on performance. Increased work hours are associated with mixed results. The effect of examination factors, such as examiner or case, have only a small effect on candidate scores, and the effect decreases as more cases are assessed per examination. Conclusions: There are identifiable factors that affect performance of doctors in high-stake oral examinations. Some of these are ameliorable, whilst others are fixed. Strategies that may therefore improve candidate performance include targeted selection of residents into training programmes, increased training for IMG candidates from the outset, proactive approaches to address the ethnicity divide and structured educational programmes with assessment practice.