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Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Water Based Nanofluids as a New Coolant for Car Radiators

In this paper, forced convective heat transfer in a water based nanofluid has experimentally been compared to that of pure water in an automobile radiator. Five different concentrations of nanofluids in the range of 0.1-1 vol. % have been prepared by the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles into the water. The test liquid flows through the radiator consisted of 34 vertical tubes with elliptical cross section and air makes a cross flow inside the tube bank with constant speed. Liquid flow rate has been changed in the range of 90-120 l/min to have the fully turbulent regime. Results demonstrate that increasing the fluid circulating rate can improve the heat transfer performance. Meanwhile, application of nanofluid with low concentrations can enhance heat transfer efficiency up to 45% in comparison with pure water.