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Endocrine Regulation of Exercise Substrate Utilization in Women Compared to Men

BRAUN, B., AND T. HORTON. Endocrine regulation of exercise substrate utilization in women compared to men. Exerc. Sport Sci. Rev. Vol. 29, No. 4, pp 149–154, 2001. During low to moderate intensity exercise, women utilize proportionally more lipid and less carbohydrate compared to men. Estrogen and progesterone may have direct effects on these differences by increasing lipolysis and/or constraining glucose production and utilization. Furthermore, sex steroids may have indirect effects through interactions with other hormones, especially catecholamines.