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Room-temperature ferromagnetism of all-epitaxial β-Fe–Ge/diamond–Ge/β-Fe–Ge trilayers

We report on the first all-epitaxial ferromagnet/inorganic semiconductor/ferromagnet hybrid heterostructure that exhibits (i) a Ge barrier of diamond crystal structure, (ii) room-temperature ferromagnetic electrodes and (iii) very smooth interfaces. Both bottom- and top-Fe–Ge electrodes exhibit tiny in-plane magnetic anisotropies dominated by a magnetocrystalline contribution of six-fold symmetry originating from the hexagonal symmetry of the B82 (Ni2In) β-Fe–Ge phase. A key result is the absence of any magnetic coupling between these soft-magnetic electrodes for Ge barrier thickness as low as ∼2.5 nm, which allows us to easily tune the parallel and antiparallel magnetic alignments by applying suitably small magnetic fields. This confirms the beneficial use of H-surfactant in order to drastically reduce the roughness of the Ge barrier, as revealed by our scanning tunneling microscopy and transmission electron microscopy measurements. This new all-epitaxial ferromagnet/semiconductor hybrid system appears, therefore, to be a promising candidate for the realization of magnetic tunnel junctions with a single crystal semiconductor barrier that are fully compatible with Si-based technology.