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Short‐course sublingual immunotherapy by mucoadhesive patch and tolerogenic particle enhanced allergen presentation

Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only currently available medical intervention that can limit the natural course of allergic rhinitis and lead to long-term disease modification [1]. Although the subcutaneous route of immunization has previously been considered a reference for AIT, it is now well established that sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is an effective and safer alternative and has recently been explored in food allergy with promising results [2]. The excellent safety profile of SLIT can be explained by the fact that oral tissues constitute an immune-privileged gateway containing few proinflammatory cells and exhibiting an allergen-tolerogenic phenotype prone to orient immune responses toward a Th1/Treg-cell profile [3].