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Investigation of pellet-triggered MHD events in ASDEX Upgrade and JET

To get a deeper insight into the MHD activity triggered by pellets we extended our previous analyses of standard type-I ELMs to pellets injected into discharge phases of the following types: Ohmic, L-mode, type-III ELMy H-mode, ELM-free, radiative edge scenarios with type-I ELMs, the quiescent H (QH)-mode regime. It turns out that pellet injection generally creates a strong local perturbation of the MHD equilibrium in the ablation region and even beyond. Regarding the triggering of ELMs, this initial perturbation can damp out, indicating that the plasma is stable in the corresponding regime even for finite-size perturbations. This behaviour is observed not only in Ohmic and L-mode phases but also in the QH-mode where the edge harmonic oscillations appear to keep the edge within or at the boundary of a stable regime. In case the plasma is prone to ELM growth, the large amplitude of the pellet perturbation can trigger the event even in situations where modes appear to be still linearly stable. The non-linear character of the ELM trigger process is also highlighted by the subsequent explosive growth of these events. For edge plasma conditions characterized by higher resistivity the growth time of spontaneously occurring ELMs increases when the plasma changes from type-I into type-III regime. Pellet-triggered ELMs, however, maintain the fast rise times otherwise typical for the hot edge type-I regime. In the discussion section we attempt to also relate these observations to core mode activity such as neoclassical tearing modes or snakes. Data were taken from ASDEX Upgrade and JET. Pellet triggering of mode activity can be shown to be a quite universal phenomenon, which, however, only for the case of ELMs can be unambiguously attributed to prompt direct excitation by the pellet.