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Industrial wireless networking with resource constraint devices

During the last decade, wireless technologies have revolutionized the industrial automation sector by enabling wireless sensing and actuation for industrial applications. Most of these recently developed industrial standards are built on top of IEEE802.15.4 interface, which uses 2.4GHz frequency band for communication. Because of the wide use, reliable communication with low latency cannot always be guaranteed on this frequency band. While satisfying the requirements of monitoring applications quite well, current industrial standards have several limitations to address the requirements resource constraint devices (e.g., harvester powered sensors/actuators). For instance, owing to the use of a centralized network management scheme, the I/O devices in widely used industrial standards such as WirelessHART and ISA100.11a have to go through a complex network joining process, which takes a lot of time and energy. Such systems are also unable to handle network disturbances in a real-time manner. 
 
To deal with the above mentioned limitations of existing industrial systems, we propose two hierarchical network management schemes where blocks of communication resources are delegated to the routers to locally manage the I/O devices. The proposed schemes are able to cope with the network disturbances quickly with low overhead. Next, we propose a fast network joining scheme for I/O devices that is able to reduce the network joining overhead and make the network more suitable for harvester powered I/O devices. In addition, we propose a data publication scheme for the resource constraint I/O devices by utilizing spatial diversity that can improve the communication reliability. 
 
Last but not least, with the advances in energy harvesting technologies, a new industrial application class called fit-and-forget system, in which I/O devices are only powered by energy harvesters, is attracting much attention. To address the requirements of such I/O devices with strict energy budget, we propose an asynchronous communication scheme that allows harvester powered I/O devices to transmit their data whenever they harvest enough energy.