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Antimicrobial resistance

[No abstract available] Saudi Med J 2015; Vol. 36 (1): 11-12 http://dx.doi.org/ 10.15537/smj.2015.1.10362


About antimicrobial resistance
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites no longer respond to antimicrobial agents. As a result of drug resistance, antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents become ineffective and infections become difficult or impossible to treat, increasing the risk of disease spread, severe illness and death. This pressing health issue is responsible for millions of deaths and hundreds of billions of dollars lost per year. AMR also threatens the global community's progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Globalization has led to an unprecedented rise in the movement of people, animals, and food commodities, providing opportunities for the spread of drug-resistant pathogens. Misuse and overuse of antimicrobial drugs is also accelerating the development of AMR, putting our future at risk with few alternative solutions in the pipeline.
As AMR is a threat to humans, animals, plants and the environment, the commitment of all is required to curb its spread. Without coordinated and accelerated action, the world is heading towards a post-antibiotic era in which common infections could once again kill. This will reverse a century of progress in health and development. To ensure that today's cures remain available for generations to come, a One Health approach is needed to address key challenges that include: • Robust health systems (animal, human and plant health) at every level to prevent infections from spreading; • Universally agreed priorities and mechanisms to foster innovation towards reliable and affordable diagnostic tests; • Responsible use and management, whilst ensuring access to existing and new antimicrobials. The AMR MPTF has been recognized by the United Nations Secretary-General as the mechanism to secure consistent and coordinated financing for the implementation of One Health National Action Plans, Quadripartite workplans, as well as the Global Action Plan on AMR (GAP).

What are the key benefits of the AMR MPTF?
Coherence by providing a systematic approach and joint interventions to address AMR through shared responsibilities among the Quadripartite organizations.
Value for money and return on investment by sharing planning and resource utilization, leveraging Quadripartite institutional influence and achieving economies of scale through the aggregation of interventions at country, regional and global level.
Risk management by reducing risks for partners and financial contributors through a comprehensive risk and results-based management system.
Innovation and scaled-up support by providing a joint mechanism for clear attribution and transparency of all sources of finance. The Fund's activities -as detailed in the Fund's Theory of Change -are based on the application of best practices, innovative approaches and scaling up what has worked.
Consolidation and specialization by capitalizing on the collective knowledge, insights and technical capacities of the Quadripartite organizations to generate strong synergies for robust, cost-effective and efficient solutions to counter the spread of AMR.

Investment for Impact
The AMR MPTF provides an opportunity for partners to contribute to coordinated action to address AMR through a One Health approach at national, regional and global level. Partnering with the Quadripartite effectively translates to greater value for money, efficiency and effectiveness in the delivery of development finance.

Competent & Reliable Fund Administrative Agent
The AMR MPTF is administered by the UNDP MPTF Office, the UN's center of expertise on pooled financing, while a dedicated AMR MPTF coordinator, supported by staff from the Quadripartite Joint Secretariat, oversees the day-to-day operations.

Transparent Multi-Agency Governance Structure
The AMR MPTF Steering Committee, comprising senior management of the Quadripartite organizations and resource partners, sets the strategic direction of the fund and reviews proposals, results and fund management.

Global projects
Four global projects were approved in 2020 with implementation underway until 2024.

Monitoring & Evaluation
Technical advisory service for country-level multisectoral monitoring and evaluation of AMR NAP implementation.
Global-level monitoring and aggregation of indicator data at sectoral level.
Quadripartite biennial global reporting on AMR under the GAP M&E framework and annual reporting of Quadripartite AMR country selfassessment survey (TrACCS) results.

Legal and regulatory frameworks
Development of a Quadripartite One Health assessment tool for AMR-relevant legislation.
Finalizing, piloting and validating the tool.

Environment
Strategic global-level governance advocacy initiatives on AMR in the environment.
Improving countries' capacities for designing and implementing AMR-related policy frameworks, investment plans and programmes.
Engagement with critical stakeholders' groups.