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The relative safety and effectiveness of antihistamines.

More than sixty antihistamines are available for the treatment of dermatologic allergies. An appreciation of important differences between these agents is vital to the selection of a therapeutic regimen tailored to a patient's special needs. Duration of action varies among the agents. Data suggest that less frequent dosing schedules may be equally effective, while reducing adverse effects. The degree of sedation, a commonly-reported side effect, varies widely with different antihistamines. Data indicate that the pharmacokinetics of the available antihistamines differ in Orientals and Caucasians as well as in patients of different ages. Further research into possible genetic factors affecting the metabolism of these drugs is needed. In addition, to ensure the best possible quality of care, physicians should become thoroughly familiar with the biology and chemistry of the many antihistamines.