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[The National Museum of Medicine. III. The parliamentary period (1891-1925)].

During the european "belle epoque" and the period of positivism, Chilean medicine under a parliamentary regime, experienced great progress. Biomedical research began at the laboratories of the School of Medicine, University of Chile; the Sanitary Code, dictated in 1918, and the creation of the Ministry of Health (1924) may be considered the origin of social medicine in Chile; a new school of Medicine in Concepcion and Schools of Dentistry and Pharmacy in Santiago were created. Main public hospitals in Santiago and the "Asistencia Pública" were inaugurated at that time. Paintings of prominent physicians related to these activities are in display in the Museum. Most of the deans and distinguished professors of Medicine at that time had considerable political influence, many of them being simultaneously involved in governmental positions. This may explain why resources became available for a process which may be described as the development of Chilean medicine to serve the people.