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Searching for new approaches to antipsychotic therapy

affects the circadian clock is the phase response curve (PRC). First, the period of a free-running rhythm (most commonly locomotor activity) is established under constant conditions. The effectiveness of the stimulus in shifting the phase of the rhythm is measured at different circadian times, i.e. at different phases of the free-running cycle. The extent and direction of shift plotted against circadian time of stimulus application constitutes the PRC. The speaker presented evidence that drug effects fall into two main categories of PRC, mimicking either the effects of a light pulse, e.g. the antimuscarinic carbachol and the a2adrenoceptor agonist clonidine, or the effects of a dark pulse, e.g. glutamate, benzodiazepines, the GABA-receptor agonist muscimol and the 5-HTIA-receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT. Antidepressant drugs presented an interesting spectrum of effects. Some, e.g. rolipram, lithium and clorgyline, lengthened circadian period. In contrast, others shortened the period, e.g. desmethylimipramine and the competitive MAOI moclobemide, while some