{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.03216374269005848, 'fraction_numerical': 0.01949317738791423, 'mean_word_length': 5.339506172839506, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
To Stay or Not to Stay: Dimensions of Ethnic Assimilation

Asian Americans have been labeled as middleman minorities (Blalock, 1967; Bonacich, 1973; Loewen, 1971) who occupy intermediate positions between the dominant group and the low-status groups. They have attained this position because of success in small businesses, i.e., middle? man occupations, which was made possible by their ethnic solidarity. This solidarity was attributed, by Bonacich (1973), to the fact that most Asians came to this country as sojourners who intended to go back to their home countries and consequently maintained ethnic ties. According to Bonacich (1973), sojourning is not a sufficient condition for middleman status, but it is a necessary one. This paper examines the implication of the sojourner's status upon his assimilation into American society. Among recent immigrants from Japan, China, and the Philippines, temporary and permanent visa holders are compared in terms of integration into American versus Asian sociocultural milieus.