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INCLUSION ENGINEERING FOR IMPROVED PROPERTIES IN STEEL CASTINGS

One of the most important factors affecting the toughness of steel castings is steel cleanliness. Steel cleanliness is determined by the number, size, shape, and composition of the final nonmetallic inclusions in the steel matrix. This paper reports on the effects of changing the melt and ladle practices (calcium treatment, argon stirring, etc.) in steel foundries on the cleanliness and resulting toughness of the final steel castings. Practice changes are correlated with inclusion characterization using automated inclusion analysis and with final casting properties. FLUENT modeling was used to understand the effects of various ladle parameters on the inclusion flotation. This paper will correlate the toughness of steel castings with inclusion volume, shape and spacing as influenced by ladle treatment before casting.