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The Study of Nonmetallic Inclusions Formation for Kaplan Blades during the Solidification Process

The exploitation durability of Kaplan hydraulic turbines blades is first of all determined by their structure, by the steel elaboration technology, respectively by the content of non-metallic inclusions and later by the physical-chemical parameters of the exploitation environment.This paper presents a study regarding the situations in which the elaboration-casting technology of Kaplan blades using alloyed austenitic stainless steel, X5CrNiMo17-13-3 which has an important role in the quality of castings. Thus, the authors verify the formation of sulfides and of oxi-sufides during the steel elaboration process, treatment during a liquid state and their influence in the castings behavior to wearing. It is a well known fact that the presence of sulfides and oxi-sufides in the cast blades structure accelerates the corrosion process in contact with river waters.