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A Novel Battery Management System Architecture Based on an Isolated Power/Data Multiplexing Transmission Bus

Hardware structure is a basic characteristic of a battery management system (BMS), which influences the overall performance of battery packs. This paper presents a novel BMS architecture based on the power/data time division multiplexing transmission technique. In the proposed system, a common bus is employed to transfer power and data simultaneously, so the system wiring is simplified. The system consists of a pack management unit and several cell management units (CMUs). The circuit of the CMU is compact and achieves conventional management functions like status monitoring and active cell balancing; thus, it can be integrated with battery cell to be an intelligent cell. The timing sequence of the system is presented, and the design considerations are discussed in detail, including terminal resistance selection, maximum node number calculation, and power consumption analysis. Finally, a simulation based on MATLAB is carried out and an experimental prototype system with six nodes is built, which verifies the correctness of the architecture and proves the feasibility in practical applications.