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Special aspects of nutrition in elderly

A balanced and wholesome diet provides the human organism with energy (macronutrients) and all necessary micronutrients (vitamins, minerals, proteinogenic amino acids, omega fatty acids) necessary for the maintenance of all metabolic processes. The necessary quantity and composition especially of energy-supplying macronutrients change with age due to physiological and pathological changes in the body. These age-related changes as well as corresponding recommendations for elderly patients will be summarized in the following article based on the current S3 guidelines of the German Society for Nutritional Medicine on «Clinical Nutrition in Geriatrics» as well as further literature and the recommendations of the German Nutrition Society. Nutrition at the terminal stage of life and special nutritional advices for persons suffering from diabetes mellitus are not discussed.