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Prevention of paracetamol‐induced hepatic damage in rats by picroliv, the standardized active fraction from Picrorhiza kurroa

Single oral administration of paracetamol (2 g/kg body wt) to rats caused significant changes in the activities of γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase, 5′‐nucleotidase, succinate dehydrogenase, glucose‐6‐phosphatase and cytochrome P450 and contents of glycogen and cholesterol in liver after 24 and 48 h. Total lipids and lipid peroxides in liver increased both at 24 and 48 h while protein content of liver decreased after 48 h. Levels of transaminases, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin in serum also increased. The magnitude of these changes was more after 48 h of paracetamol administration. Picroliv, the iridoid glycoside fraction of Picrorhiza kurroa, when given orally to rats (6 and 12 mg/kg body wt for 7 days) caused significant reversal of the paracetamol‐induced biochemical changes. The degree of protection at the two doses of picroliv was almost similar.