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Innovative patterning of electrospinning fabrication nano scaffolds with cell culturing for liver tissue engineering

Failure of human body organs is believed to be one of the most important health problems all over the world. The application of stem cells in human regenerative medicine could be an alternative to organ transplantation, avoiding the problem of donor shortage and rejection. As few of the current treatment methods result in successful repair of damaged liver, the development of new procedures are warranted. The most recent type of liver regeneration approach is cell based therapy. The application of stem cell technology is gaining interest to be used for hepatic tissue engineering since stem cells have high proliferative capacity and multi-lineage differentiation potential. Stem cell-based therapy has received attention as a possible alternative to organ transplantation, owing to the ability of stem cells to repopulate and differentiate at the engrafted site. Advancements in the fields of stem cell biology and biomaterials science and engineering had been combined to produce strategies by which stem cell attachment; proliferation and differentiation in vitro were supported and enhanced. Before transplantation, cells were generally seeded on innovative modality of Nano scaffolds fabricated by electrospinning technique that recapitulate the extracellular matrix and provide cells with information that is important for tissue development. In this paper, we offer our view on the applying nanotechnology and present current and emergent approach in the field of hepatic tissue engineering for specific application. The application of nanotechnology to stem cell biology would be able to address the challenges of the failure of injected cells to engraft to target tissues.