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Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from Streptomyces sp : Taxonomy , Fermentation , Purification and Biological Activities

This work was carried out in the course of a screening program for specific the bioactive substances that demonstrated inhibitory affects against microbial pathogenic, from actinomycetes strains. Ninety-seven actinomycete strains were isolated from fifty soil samples collected from Al-Khurmah governorate, kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Only one actinomycete culture from thirteen cultures was found exhibited to produce wide spectrum antimicrobial activities. The nucleotide sequence of the 16s RNA gene (1.5 Kb) of the most potent strain evidenced an 98% similarity with Streptomyces torulosus. From the taxonomic features, the actinomycetes isolate matches with Streptomyces torulosus in the morphological, physiological and biochemical characters. Thus, it was given the suggested name Streptomyces torulosus. The parameters controlling the biosynthetic process of antimicrobial agent formation including: different inoculum size, pH values, temperatures, incubation period and different carbon and nitrogen sources were fully investigates. The active metabolite was extracted using n-Butanol (1:1, v/v) at pH 7.0. The separation of the active ingredient and its purification was performed using both thin layer chromatography and column chromatography techniques. The physico-chemical characteristics of the purified antibiotic viz. color, melting point, solubility, elemental analysis, spectroscopic characteristics and chemical reactions have been investigated. This analysis indicates a suggested empirical formula of C38H62N4O16. The minimum inhibition concentrations "MICs" of the purified antimicrobial agent were also determined. The purified antimicrobial agent was suggestive of being belonging to Tunicamycin antibiotic produced by Streptomyces torulosus. [Atta HM. Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from Streptomyces sp: Taxonomy, Fermentation, Purification and Biological Activities. N Y Sci J 2013;6(6):99-110]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 15