{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.024246395806028834, 'fraction_numerical': 0.002621231979030144, 'mean_word_length': 5.878378378378378, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
A Superhydrophobic Liquid-Solid Contact Triboelectric Nanogenerator as Droplet Sensor for Biomedical Applications.

Superhydrophobic surfaces repel water and other liquids such as tissue fluid, blood, urine and pus as well, which can open up a new avenue for the development of biomedical devices and has led to promising advances across diverse fields, including plasma separator device, blood-repellent sensors, vascular stent and heart valve. Here, the fabrication of superhydrophobic liquid-solid contact triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and their biomedical applications as droplet sensors are reported. Triboelectrification energy can be captured and output when droplets are colliding or slipping on the superhydrophobic layer. The developed superhydrophobic TENG possesses multiple advantages in terms of easy-made, bendable, self-cleaning, self-adhesive and high sensitivity, not only repellent to water but a variety of solutions, including blood with contact angle (CA) of 158.6o. As a self-powered sensor, the developed prototypes of drainage bottle droplet sensor and smart intravenous injection monitor based on the superhydrophobic liquid-solid contact TENG can monitor the clinical drainage operation and intravenous infusion in real-time, respectively. These prototypes suggest the potential merit of this superhydrophobic liquid-solid contact TENG in clinical application, paving the way for accurately monitoring of clinical drainage operation and intravenous injection or blood transfusion in the future.