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Knee External Rotation Kinematics and Prevalence of ITBS in Dominant Limbs of Female Runners

Context: Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS) is an overuse injury that is thought to be related to irregular hip, knee, or foot mechanics during running. Increased transverse plane motion at the knee is strongly supported as a factor in running injuries at the knee. It has also been suggested that the dominant limb is more susceptible to injury, but this has not been investigated in runners with ITBS. Objective: To investigate knee external rotation angles and the prevalence of ITBS in the dominant limbs of female runners. Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study. Setting: University research laboratory. Participants: Twenty-five females (31.3±10.5 years) who ran ≥ 12mi/wk participated. Interventions:  Three groups were formed based on the presence of ITBS: ITBS injured leg (ITBS-inj; n=13), ITBS non-injured leg (ITBS-non; n=13) and control dominant leg (CON; n=12). Stance phase kinematic data was captured using a three-camera VICON Bonita motion analysis system while subjects ran on a treadmill at a self-selected pace. Limb dominance was determined subjectively. Main Outcome Measures:  Knee external rotation (KER) angles were normalized to 100 data points and differences were determined by Cohen's d analysis. The three time points with the largest Cohen's d were used to determine significance by one-way ANOVAs. Prevalence of ITBS in the dominant limbs was analyzed using a Fischer’s exact test.  Results:  A comparison of KER angles between ITBS-inj and ITBS-non showed a small, non-signficant difference (d=0.41, P=0.52 ). Comparison between ITBS-inj and CON showed a medium, non-signficant difference (d=0.70, P= 0.10 ). There was no significant correlation between prevalence of injury and dominant limbs (Right: 50%, Left: 37.5%,  P=0.23 ).  Conclusion: In contrast to currentliterature, increased KER was not found in the affected limbs of runners with ITBS. Limb dominance also does not appear to correlate with prevalence of this injury.