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FAILED POSTERIOR SPINAL FUSION : THE ROLE OF VERTEBRAL BONE MINERAL DENSITY AND LAMINAR HARDNESS ON CABLE TENSION LOSS +

Introduction: Failure rates for posterior cervical arthrodeses using sublaminar wiring techniques remain high even with the advent of metal cables. This investigation involved measuring the interaction between laminar bone and cable in both static and dynamic loading environments in order to identify a possible causative factor for failed fusion. It is known that bone, as a viscoelastic material, will deform over time under applied stresses. An important mechanism by which cable based arthrodeses may fail relates to the loss of cable tension resulting from deformation of cortical bone in direct contact with the cable. The purpose of these experiments was to determine the influence of cable type and bone quality on tension loss. The clinical situation was simulated using human cadaveric spines and static and dynamic loading conditions.