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Laparoscopy and urologic oncology--I now pronounce you man and wife.

While the perception is that laparoscopy is a modern advance in minimally invasive surgery, the concept is actually older than 100 years. With urology’s long-standing association with minimally invasive therapy, it is no surprise that the earliest laparoscopes were actually cystoscopes. In 1901 Kelling described “celioscopy” when he insufflated the abdomen of a dog with air and inserted a cystoscope to inspect the abdominal viscera. 1 The term laparoscopy, derived from the Greek noun “lapara” (flank), is actually a misnomer. The terms celioscopy and peritoneoscopy are probably more accurate descriptions.2 Today, laparoscopy describes the procedure in which contents of the peritoneum are examined and manipulated through endoscopic visualization. The first formal urological use of laparoscopy was localization of cryptorchid testes in the 1970s. 2 Throughout the 1980s urological laparoscopy remained a diagnostic tool limited to the pediatric patient. The modern era of urological laparoscopy began with 2 key reports in 1991. Schuessler et al reported the initial laparoscopic pelvic lymphadenectomy series for staging prostate cancer.3 During the next 5 years pelvic lymphadenectomy became the most widely used urological application of laparoscopy. With the demographic changes in prostate cancer, this procedure is relatively uncommon today. However, for most urological surgeons, and urologic oncologists in particular, the pelvic lymphadenectomy was the entry point into the world of laparoscopy. Another key event was the first laparoscopic nephrectomy