{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.036458333333333336, 'fraction_numerical': 0.008680555555555556, 'mean_word_length': 4.342592592592593, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
A universal seesaw mechanism in five dimensions

We show the universal seesaw in the extra dimension setup, where three extra vector-like fields exist in the 5D bulk with heavy masses. We take the framework of the left-right symmetric model. The universal seesaw formula is easily obtained as a replacement of the vector-like mass in 4D case M_i to 
2 M_* tan[pi RM_i] (M_*: 5D Planck scale, 
M_i: vector-like bulk mass, and 
R: compactification radius). The smallness of Dirac neutrino mass can be naturally explained in the 5D setup. We also show the Majorana neutrino case.