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Swarm intelligence based sizing methodology for CMOS operational amplifier

An efficient design of optimal operational amplifier is a cornerstone of an analog design environment. This study introduces a swarm intelligence based methodology for optimal sizing of a CMOS operational amplifier. Actually, analog sizing is a constructive procedure that aims at mapping the circuit specifications into the design parameter values. Specifying design constraints, conflicting design specifications are introduced to optimization algorithm as a constrained problem and CMOS transistor area is aimed to be minimized. Simulation results demonstrate that proposed method not only meets design specifications and satisfies design constraints but also minimizes total MOS area with respect to convex optimization method.