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A Survey on Vehicle Security Systems: Approaches and Technologies

Vehicle security is an emergent issue in the technology sector that has benefited from the continuous advancement in technology through the creation of more complex and advanced security systems. This serves to address the pandemic of vehicle theft that is prevalent in numerous countries due to inadequate security in vehicles. Consequently, security devices in vehicles are susceptible to attacks such as man-in-the-middle, replay attacks, deciphering attacks and signal disruption, all of which caused the devices to function below the expected parameters. Current technology has loopholes in its security implementation creating attack vectors from benign devices such as the infotainment system to more severe systems like the CAN bus network. Therefore, this paper presents analysis of the numerous works and approaches that exists in the literature to tackle this menace. Moreover, we performed an in-depth comparative analysis of the type of technology implemented, the strengths and the weaknesses of the proposed systems. Based on the analysis, we found that there is a need for more holistic approaches to tackling the pre-existing security vulnerabilities in an effective manner that reduces chances of compromise to the most minimal degree.