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Thermodynamic metal crystallization basics

On the basis of thermodynamic calculations it is shown that crystallization of metals is a thermodynamic process, which takes place mainly at constant temperature. The exception is crystallization at very high cooling rates of the metal melt when the released solidification heat is not enough to stabilize the crystallization temperature of the liquid metal. In crystallization, the specific interfacial surface energy of crystals is not a constant value, but is proportional to their dimensions (bend radius).Nanocrystals of crystallizing phases exist in the metal melt steadily. Metal crystallization aggregates nanocrystals and free metal melt atoms into microcrystals. Mechanism of dendritic crystallization of metals is proposed.