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Stochastic proton pumping ATPases: From single molecules to diverse physiological roles

We discuss the most recent reports on two proton pumps, F‐ATPase (ATP synthase) and V‐ATPase (endomembrane proton pump). They are formed from similar extrinsic (F1 or V1) and intrinsic (Fo or Vo) membrane sectors, and couple chemistry and proton transport through subunit rotation for apparently different physiological roles. Emphasis is placed on the stochastic rotational catalysis of F‐ATPase and isoforms of V‐ATPase. iubmb Life, 58: 318‐322, 2006