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Submucosal Gastroduodenal Lesions: CT Findings and Differential Diagnosis

Submucosal gastroduodenal lesions often are difficult to visualize at endoscopy and require advanced endoscopic techniques such as endoscopic ultrasound for detection and tissue diagnosis. As a result, barium studies and CT are particularly helpful for diagnosing these lesions. Computed tomography, in addition to being able to detect these lesions, allows evaluation of the extent of the mass and in some cases (such as lipomas) can provide the histopathologic diagnosis. This article illustrates the CT findings of common submucosal lesions of the stomach and duodenum—gastrointestinal stromal tumor, leiomyoma, leiomyosarcoma, lymphoma, and lipoma—and some of the rarer lesions as well—neurofibroma, hemangioma, hematoma, duplication cyst, and emphysematous gastritis.