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Analysis of Arsenic Uptake by Plant Species Selected for Growth in Northwest Ohio by Inductively Coupled Plasma–Optical Emission Spectroscopy

Abstract Arsenic (As) contamination is widespread in the industrial areas of northwest Ohio. Plant species that both take up As and are appropriate for the climate and growth conditions of the region are needed for phytoremediation to be successfully employed. Actively growing plants from 22 species of native genera were exposed to As in hydroponics systems (either 0, 10, or 50 mg As L−1; 1 week) and commercially available potting mix (either 0, 10, 25, 100, or 250 mg As L−1; 2 weeks), depending on their growth conditions. Aboveground plant tissues were harvested and digested, and concentrations of As were determined by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry. The highest tissue concentrations of As (mg As kg−1 dw) were recorded in seven plant species: Rudbeckia hirta (661), Helenium autumnale (363 in tissues formed after exposure to As), Lupinus perennis (333), Echinacea purpurea (298), Coreopsis lanceolata (258), Lepidium virginicum (214), and Linum lewisii (214). These seven species are ecologically diverse, which suggests that phytoremediation of As using diverse assemblages of plants may be an option for a variety of environments.