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Benefits of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy on exercise capacity following acute exacerbation in ILD patients

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) on exercise capacity following the acute exacerbation in interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients. Methods: This prospective, single-blind, randomized trial evaluated the efficacy of the high concentration of oxygen for HFNC compared with the low concentration during exercise following the acute exacerbation in ILD patients. Twenty-five ILD patients following the acute exacerbation were recruited. Patients were randomly assigned to the constant work-rate exercise test (20 W) with the high concentration of oxygen (FiO2: 60%, 40L/min) or low concentration (FiO2: 25.1±6.7%, 40L/min) for HFNC. The primary endpoint was the effect of the high concentration of oxygen on endurance time. Other measurements were SpO2, heart rate, respiratory rate, dyspnoea, and leg fatigue. Results: 20 patients (mean age, 74.8 years) were included in this study. Patients were measured 9.0 days after the acute exacerbation. The high concentration of oxygen for HFNC significantly increased the endurance time (294.6 to 415.7 sec; p Conclusions: These findings suggest that the high concentration of oxygen for HFNC benefits exercise capacity following the acute exacerbation in ILD patients.