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Research of Properties of Wood Biomass Processing Liquid Products as an Alternative Fuel for Energy Purposes

Today there is an actual and important task of obtaining liquid products of high energy density by means of rapid thermal conductive pyrolysis of plant biomass for energy production. For any liquid product (pyrolysis liquid) as a fuel, an important indicator is its quality, which is determined by its thermal physical properties: enthalpy, heat of vaporization, partial pressure of steam, critical temperature, critical pressure. An experimental test plant for the study of thermal conductive pyrolysis of wood was developed for research, and the Jobback method was used to determine the thermophysical properties of the pyrolysis liquid. The data on the evaporation of the components of the pyrolysis liquid were obtained, and the effect of the partial pressure and boiling point on the evaporation was studied. The results obtained allow us to determine the optimal operating modes of the gas generator and to obtain a high-energy product gas at the output. The process of evaporation of a pyrolysis liquid droplet in a gas generator in a gas stream is analyzed and optimal conditions (temperature, pressure, steam / fuel mixture supply) of the pyrolysis liquid gasification process are determined to produce a high-calorific product gas and generate the maximum amount of electrical energy. We may conclude that, under equal conditions, the volume of generated electrical energy will be directly dependent on the energy potential of the product gas. As a result, based on the data obtained at a temperature of 900 °C of the pyrolysis liquid gasification, the maximum calorific value of the product gas is achieved, and therefore it is potentially possible to obtain the greatest amount of electrical energy.