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Agrarian Transformation and Class Formation in the Dominican Republic, 1844-1930

*Emelio R. Betances, a Dominican, is a doctoral candidate in sociology at Rutgers University and is presently teaching Latin American history at the Universidad Aut&oacute;noma de Puebla in Puebla, Mexico. Underpopulation and a lack of development of the productive forces are prominent features of the Dominican Republic’s history. This situation, due in large part to Spanish colonialism, resulted in a stagnant economy and a static social structure that persisted almost until the end of the nineteenth century, and even today its effects linger. Indigenous social structures remained weak, incapable of fomenting development, and subject to foreign intrusion. When the Dominican Republic gained its independence from Haiti in 1844, the prospects for independent development and for the formation of a national