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DESASTRES NATURAIS NO BRASIL E NO MUNDO: UMA ANÁLISE HOLÍSTICA COM ÊNFASE NOS IMPACTOS DOS EVENTOS HIDROLÓGICOS E METEOROLÓGICOS/NATURAL DISASTERS IN BRAZIL AND OVER THE WORLD: AN ANALYSIS EMPHASIZING HYDROLOGICAL AND METEOROLOGICAL EVENTS

This text analyzes the evolution of natural disasters with emphasis on the impacts of events of hydrological and meteorological origin in the world and in Brazil. The analysis pays special attention to the influence of demographic factors on the occurrence of natural disasters. The research approach adopted is based on a detailed bibliographic review of works published in journals and reports of international organizations and research centers, on the interpretation of trends in disaster statistics and on inter-regional and inter-annual comparison of the situation of disasters in terms of frequency of occurrence, severity (human victims and material damage) and preventive instruments. The results show that the frequency and intensity of disasters have been worsening and that hydrological disasters (floods) are the most worrying in terms of human victims and material damage. It was concluded that the intense expansion of urban areas accompanied by increased population density and occupation of risk areas contribute to the occurrence of disasters in Brazil and the world.