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Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Trigeminal Neuralgia - A Review

Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) evolved from the vision of Lars Leksell as a method of bloodless surgery for treating a wide variety of intracranial pathologies. Since the first GKRS procedure for trigeminal neuralgia (TN) in the early 1970s, thousands of medically refractory patients have been treated, with good results. GKRS has become a first-line treatment for medically refractory TN along with microvascular decompression and percutaneous rhizotomy. GKRS offers the advantages of minimal invasiveness and extremely low risk. When recommending a surgical treatment modality for medically refractory TN, one must consider patient preferences, procedural risks, medical co-morbidities and the success rates of the various approaches. In this context, we review the role of GKRS in the treatment of medically refractory TN.