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Accumulation of Cd in Ophiopogon Japonicus, Houttuynia Cordata and Duchesnea Indica, and Its Human Health Risk Assessment

In this paper, Chinese herbal medicines of Ophiopogon japonicus, Houttuynia cordata and Duchesnea indica were planted in the soil containg 0.847 mg/kg Cd, which is close to the grade III of Environmental Quality Standard for Soil in China (GB15618-1995). After growth a certain time, the Cd in the three plants were determined respectively. Then the human health risk of Cd intake via taking the herbal medicines was assessed using the internationally recommended method of health risk assessment, as well as accordance to the Standards of Import and Export of Green Medicinal Plants and Their Preparations (WM2-2001), and the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) of World Health Organization (WHO). The results showed that, after growth 90d, the Cd contents in the leaves and roots of O. japonicus and H. cordata, and all parts of D. indica were lower than the safe value of Green Trade Standards of Importing & Exporting Medicinal Plants & Preparations (WM2-2001), while that in stems of H. cordata was higher than the safe value. The human health risk of Cd in the three herbal medicines was in the order of H. cordata＞O. japonicu＞D. indica. Under the asumption of 30g as the average daily intake of the three herbal medicines for an adult, the maximum amount of Cd intake per person via O. japonica, H. cordata, and D. indica were 8.7μg, 10.5μg and 6.2μg respectively, which were lower than the allowable daily Cd intake value of WHO and the limit value recommended by the International Committee for Radiological Protection (ICRP). However, as the stem of H. cordata was slightly polluted after growth 90d in grade III soil, it was not recommended to use it as an edible Chinese herbal medicine.