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Effectiveness of the Group Training Methods Used in Education of the Irrigated Wheat Growers of the Golestan Province, Iran

Promoting the technical knowledge of the human factor is not possible by itself and the extensional education is very important indeed. Obviously, in administration of the extensional activities, the training methods function and their efficiency are crucial in line with materializing the desired goals. Continuation of an educational method usage is by far dependent to the effectiveness of that method. This means that to what extent the used method has been successful in materializing the desired goals. Taking into account the effectiveness of the educational methods is important because it enables the extension workers and the programmers to select them realistically, meanwhile consciously, thereby to pave the way for desirable and rapid changes in knowledge, skill level and the insight of the addressees, which in turn results in rapid accessibility to the educational aims, cost saving, time saving and preservation of the facilities, etc. In the present condition, the selection and application of different methods in extension activities does not follow a specific order and fewer extension workers can be found in our country taking notice of indexes such as the program period, type of the education program, personal specifications and skills of the addressees, local conditions, financial resources, scope of the accessible methods, the methods share in the education program, the suitable media configuration and ultimately, the effectiveness. Of course, it seems that existence of a central programming system and communicating annual extension programs based on the recommended educational methods is one of the main obstacles of enjoying the extension workers' creativity and their more authority in selecting a suitable educational method, considering the whole conditions and the mentioned indexes. The research has been of descriptive (non-experimental) and survey type. The statistical population of the research included all the extension workers of the Golestan province, from which all those with extension activities regarding education of the wheat growers (91 extension workers) have been selected as the research sample. The results showed that most of the extension workers despite little use of the lecture and visit, believed very to very much in effectiveness of the said methods in educations before cultivation, crop protection and harvesting of the wheat. The research results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the age variable of the extension worker and his/her estimation about the effectiveness level of the group education methods with 95% certainty and between his/her previous record variable and his/her estimation about the effectiveness level of the group education methods with 99% certainty. It can be concluded that serious attention must be paid in holding courses in the fields of familiarity with types, application and evaluation principals of the extension methods, as well as familiarity with new methods of agricultural extension, proportional to each one of the education subjects relating to wheat cultivation, the conditions is provided for encouragement and direction of the extension workers as to broad application of the lecture based active group education methods, education workshops, building presentation farms and visiting the educational farms and exhibitions by the extension workers in other aspects of the wheat cultivation education.