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Effect of Meso‐Scale Geometry on Piezoelectric Performances of Additively Manufactured Flexible Polymer‐Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3 Composites  

The effects of meso-scale geometry on piezoelectric properties of additively manufactured flexible polymerbarium titanate (BaTiO3, BTO) have been implemented in a wide range of applications including piezoelectric and ferroelectric Pb(ZrxTi1 x)O3 (PZT) composites are systematically investigated through an integrated computational framework. Specifically, phase-field simulations is used to generate the meso-scale geometry and large-deformation finite-element modeling is applied to predict the properties of the composites. The model predicts superb stress transfer efficiency in the 3–3 composite with three-dimensional (3D) interconnected geometry of PZT. Comparisons on hydrostatic performance are made to demonstrate the great potential of the 3–3 composite for fabricating underwater acoustic devices. Ferroelectric ceramics, due to their inherent piezoelectricity and pyroelectricity, can convert both mechanical and thermal stimuli into electricity respectively and vice versa. For example, lead zirconium titanate (Pb(ZrxTi1 x)O3, PZT) and