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Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of pathogens in children with urinary tract infection in a tertiary care hospital

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common cause of acute bacterial illness in infants and children. Urinary Tract Infection is defined as invasion of any of the tissue of the urinary tract extending from the renal cortex to the urethral meatus with pathogens and associated with significant bacteriuria. Significant bacteriuria means colony count 10^5 colony forming units (CFU)/ml of single species on clean catch specimen and >50,000 CFU/ml in transurethral specimens. UTI is often missed in infants and children, as urinary symptoms are nonspecific and very minimal. Timely diagnosis and adequate, appropriate antibiotic treatment is necessary to prevent renal damage in the form of renal scarring, hypertension and subsequent renal parenchymal damage.