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A Computer Procedure for Item-Scale Analysis

THE selection of appropriate items from an item pool is a basic step in the development of a psychological scale. Among the criteria for the selection of items is the reliability index (interitem correlations or item homogeneity). Although there are several ways to calculate these statistics, the most flexible and efficient is through the use of the variance-covariance matrix which represents the item pool and external criteria (Gulliksen, 1950; Cronbach, 1960; Rozeboom, 1966). A FORTRAN IV program has been developed for the IBM 360/44 and UNIVAC 1108 machines which uses the item variance-covariance matrix as a basis for scale analysis. The basic step in the program is the calculation of the item variances and covariances. Both the covariance and the correlation matrices may be printed. For subsequent analyses, the variance-covariance matrix may be stored