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Some Trends in Policy Evaluation Research

Policy evaluation or policy analysis can be defined as research that deals with analyzing alternative governmental policies in order to choose the policy or combination that will maximize or achieve a given set of goals subject to various constraints or conditions. Policy analysis differs from program evaluation mainly in its relative emphasis on (1) taking goals as givens and discussing how they can be best achieved, rather than taking policies or programs as givens and discussing their effects; (2) evaluating decisions before, rather than after, they are reached; and (3) evaluating decisions across places and time, rather than as of a given place and time. Evaluating a halfway house for released convicts in Champaign, Illinois, as of spring 1983 would be an example of a program evaluation. Evaluating halfway houses in general as means of reducing crime among ex-convicts as compared to release