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METABOREFLEX ACTIVITY IN HEART FAILURE WITH REDUCED AND PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a syndrome characterized by reduced cardiac output (CO) unable to meet metabolic demands of active tissues. The reduced (HFrEF) or preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) identifies the systolic and diastolic HF respectively. Evidence has demonstrated that metabolic reflex coming from skeletal muscle evokes cardiovascular adjustments during exercise. Hemodynamic response to metaboreflex activation is defined as a rise in mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) achieved by an increase in systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and/or by an increase in CO. In healthy individuals, the metaboreflex‐induced increase in blood pressure mainly depends on CO increment. The aim of the present study was to assess cardiovascular adjustments during metaboreflex activation in both kinds of CHF patients compared to a control group of healthy individuals (CTL).