{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.03221288515406162, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 5.682242990654205, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
EM-based iterative receiver design with carrier-frequency offset estimation for MIMO OFDM systems

In this letter, we study the design of expectation-maximization (EM)-based iterative receivers for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing systems with the presence of carrier-frequency offset (CFO). Motivated by the spirit of maximum-likelihood estimation in the EM algorithm, we first present a pilot-aided CFO estimation scheme that allows fast Fourier transform-based fast implementation. Then this CFO estimation is incorporated into the initialization step of the iterative receiver. Experimental results show the effectiveness of our receiver design in combating CFO.