{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.02079002079002079, 'fraction_numerical': 0.002079002079002079, 'mean_word_length': 4.807228915662651, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Noncontact electrical test of a ball grid array substrate that uses the electro-optic probing technique.

A new technique for testing a ball grid array (BGA) package substrate that uses the electro-optic (EO) probing technique is investigated. This technique can detect open circuits in the BGA substrate with a high spatial resolution. An experimental setup that uses an EO probe tip made of LiNbO3 crystal is reported along with the measurement results from a real BGA substrate.