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Neuropeptides and thirst: the temporal response of corticotropin-releasing hormone and neurotensin/neuromedin N gene expression in rat limbic forebrain neurons to drinking hypertonic saline.

The authors have demonstrated in rats that the ingestion of hypertonic saline for 5 days provides an increasingly complex dehydrating stimulus to the rats. Initially, the stimulus leads to cellular dehydration, but extracellular dehydration develops as ingestion continues beyond 3 days. The initial cellular dehydration provokes modifications to corticotropin-releasing hormone and neurotensin/neuromedin N messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in some neurons of the limbic forebrain, changes that are either maintained or are modified as extracellular dehydration develops. These changes in mRNA content occur in neurosecretory neurons as well as in neurons in hypothalamic and telencephalic regions associated with behavior and autonomic regulation. The authors propose that alterations in peptide mRNAs are allied to altered neuronal signaling processes that direct the different components of the homeostatic response to dehydration.