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National Institutes of Health Funding for Abdominal Organ Transplantation Research Has Declined: A 30-year Analysis

INTRODUCTION The development of organ transplantation is one of modern medicine’s greatest achievements. The first successful kidney transplant in the United States was performed in 1954 at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston. Twelve years later, the first pancreas transplant was performed at the University of Minnesota in 1966, followed by the first liver transplant in 1967 at the University of Colorado and the first human islet transplant with subsequent insulin independence in 1990 at Washington University in St. Louis. Research and expertise in abdominal transplantation have grown steadily over the last 30 y. Since 1988, there have been 758 033 transplants performed in the United States. Roughly 85% have been kidney (446 306), liver (164 174), pancreas (8751), and concurrent kidney/ pancreas (23 747) transplants. There is much left to be understood about organ transplantation, making ongoing biomedical research vital to advancing the field. Continued research into areas such as donor/recipient compatibility, surgical transplant techniques, immune modulation posttransplantation, and use of 3D printed organs is crucial to improving transplantation outcomes for patients. Our group has previously investigated the National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding history for heart and lung transplantation research and the implications for funding decisions. Here, we evaluate the dynamics of NIH-funded abdominal organ transplantation research and assess the field’s funding landscape. In doing so, we hope to inform future policy making and grant funding decisions.