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Selection for Virus Tolerance in Strawberry Seedlings in Relation to Virus Source and Plant Age


Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) seedlings were planted in a greenhouse at 3- to 4-week intervals and simultaneously inoculated at ages 80, 101, 129, or 157 days with either of two naturally occurring virus sources each of which contained a mottle, mild yellow edge, and crinkle virus complex. Inoculation by aphids with either virus source reduced vigor, petiole length, leaflet width, stolons per plant, and vegetative dry weight of plants in the greenhouse. The tendency of virus inoculation to reduce vigor and petiole length was inversely proportional to increasing seedling age. In the field, inoculated seedlings were also less vigorous than control seedlings. Virus source effects and seedling age interactions with virus source were not significant. Selection for virus tolerance, based on greenhouse vigor, petiole length or leaflet width measurements, increased the frequency of seedlings subsequently classified as virus-tolerant in the field in both 80- and 101-day-old seedlings. Selection based on greenhouse vigor or petiole length increased the frequency in 129-day-old seedlings. No greenhouse selection method evaluated was effective in 157-day-old seedlings.