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Determination of cobalt by adsorptive stripping voltammetry with double accumulation and stripping steps

A double accumulation and stripping steps were proposed to increase the sensitivity of Co(II) determination by catalytic adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV). Electrodes with large and small surface area were used for the first and second accumulation step, respectively. As the accumulation of Co(II) complex at the first electrode was finished, the electrode was placed at a short distance opposite the second one. Then the Co(II) complex desorbed from the first electrode was accumulated at the second electrode. Taking into account the small volume of space between the electrodes, the concentration of the Co(II) complex in solution between the electrodes was drastically higher than that in the bulk solution. The accumulation step at the second electrode was performed from the solution with higher concentration of Co(II) and therefore the detection limit was lowered. The calibration graph of Co(II) determination for accumulation time of 120 s at both electrodes was linear from 1.18 to 58.9 ng L−1. The detection limit for Co(II) was equal to 0.47 ng L−1 and it is so far the lowest detection limit obtained for Co(II) using mercury-free electrodes. The proposed method was applied to Co(II) determination in water certified reference material.