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Methods of Reception and Signal Processing in Machine Vision Systems

The chapter covers development of mathematical model of signals in optoelectronic systems. The mathematical model can be used as a base for detection algorithm development for optical signal from objects. Analytical expressions for mean values and signal and noise components dispersion are cited. These expressions can be used for estimating efficiency of the offered algorithm by the criterion of detection probabilistic characteristics and criterion of signal/noise relation value. The possibility of signal detection characteristics improvement with low signal-to-noise ratio is shown. The method is proposed for detection of moving objects and combines correlation and threshold methods, as well as optimization of the interframe processing of the sequence of analyzed frames. This method allows estimating the statistical characteristics of the signal and noise components and calculating the correlation integral when detecting moving low-contrast objects. The proposed algorithm for detecting moving objects in low illuminance conditions allows preventing the manifestation of the blur effect.