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Experimental Study on the Effects of Low Ambient Pressure Conditions at High Altitude on Fire Suppression with Water Mist

In order to study the effects of low ambient pressure conditions at high altitude on fire suppression with water mist, a water mist fire suppression experimental facility was built in Lhasa, Tibet, a province of China. Using this facility, water mist extinguishing tests were carried out on gasoline, diesel oil, molten ghee, and wood crib fires, and the results compared with the similar tests conducted in Hefei. Water mist spray patterns under normal and low atmospheric pressures were characterized with a laser sheet method. Fuel mass burning rates were measured in both Lhasa and Hefei to investigate differences and influences on fire suppression. The experimental results showed that the burning rates of the above fuels are lower in Lhasa than in Hefei, and that mist droplets tended to congregate along the spray cone edge as the atmospheric pressure decreased. For most of the test cases, the fire suppression performance of water mist in Lhasa is a little better than that in Hefei, which may be largely caused by decreasing of the mass burning rate at lower atmospheric pressure conditions.