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The Idiomaticity of English and Arabic Multi-Word Verbs in Literary Works: A Semantic Contrastive Study

The current study is mainly concerned with a linguistic contrastive analysis of one specific feature of grammar and vocabulary in both English and Arabic languages, which is an integration of lexical verbs with adverbial and/or prepositional particle(s), which are widely known as multi-word verbs in the English novel (East of Eden) by John Steinbeck (1952) and the Arabic novel (Palace of Desire) [Qasr Alshawq] by Naguib Mahfuz (1957). Furthermore, the study seeks to demonstrate that there are basic similarities and differences between English and Arabic multi-word verbs. Such parallels and differences are examined in depth through a theoretical comparison of these combinations in both languages and analysis of the aforementioned novels. The current study is divided into five sections: It begins with an introductory one in which the concept of multi-word verbs is introduced in both languages, followed by the objectives, research question, hypothesis, procedures, study limitations, and importance of the study. The second section is devoted to the theoretical underpinnings of multi-word verbs in English and Arabic, respectively. It explains that an English multi-word verb is a combination of two or three items (verb + adverb, verb + preposition, and verb + adverb + preposition) that works as a single unit of meaning in that its meaning cannot be deduced from the sum of its individual components' meanings. The semantic attributes include the following characteristics: they are classified as non-idiomatic, semi-idiomatic, or idiomatic MWVs, with meanings ranging from the most non-idiomatic to the most idiomatic. The idiomatic type can be replaced with a one-word synonym. Furthermore, the particle has a significant impact on the meaning of the verb with which it is combined, in the sense that they fuse together and sacrifice their essential meanings to generate a new semantic unit. Finally, EMWVs exhibit polysemy in that every idiomatic MWV can have up to ten or more various interpretations depending on the context in which it is employed. Section three is intended to outline the methods used in data analysis, while Section four is an examination of the target verbs in the above mentioned novel. Finally, part five presents the conclusions, findings, and recommendations for further research. The current data analysis employs Quirk et al. (1985) and Celce-Murcia and Larsen-Freeman (1999) as a theoretical model for the examination of English multi-word verbs in Steinbeck's English novel (East of Eden). While Wright (1996) is also used as a theoretical model for analyzing Arabic multi-word verbs in Mahfuz's Arabic novel (Palace of Desire) [qasr alshawq]. Furthermore, Cowie (1993) is used as a practical model for MWV analysis in both languages.