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A study of the relationship between Japanese viewpoint theory and the sentences of giving and receiving, passive sentences and moving sentences based on computer software translation

With the continuous improvement of the degree of opening to the outside world, exchanges between countries are becoming more and more frequent. In order to better promote the extensive communication and cooperation with Japan in cultural and economic fields, it is necessary to fully respect the cultural and historical background of other countries in the process of translation, and make appropriate adjustments and transformations by using the perspective theory. Therefore, this kind of communication will greatly enrich and expand the connotation and extension of point of view transformation, so as to extend it to the practical translation work of various languages, so as to promote the further development of world economy, culture, education, science and technology.


The development of viewpoint theory
Viewpoint refers to the speaker's position and position when describing the event. Dajiang put forward the concept of "line of sight" when he analyzed the verbs of giving and receiving. The "line of sight" refers to the position where the speaker, as the party concerned, is engaged in the subjective observation and description of the object. Jiuno compares the viewpoint to the angle of the lens, and puts forward the concept of "synesthesia", which quantifies the viewpoint concretely and expresses the relationship between the speaker and the event participants through the degree. [1] Comparing Chinese, English and Korean with Japanese, Mori believes that the viewpoint of the first three has the characteristics of "objective grasp". On the contrary, Japanese perspective belongs to "subjective grasp", that is, when the cognitive subject describes an event in English, it is easy to stand on an objective position and make itself independent of the event and describe it from an objective perspective. In Japanese, the cognitive subject takes the self as the object The body is placed in the event image and described from the perspective of the image participant.
Point of view not only exists in the expression of giving and receiving, but also reflects the role of viewpoint in Japanese active sentences and passive sentences, mobility verbs and mobile tendency auxiliary verbs. In the first place, the analysis of grant and receive verbs from the perspective of point of view has transcended the limitation of special investigation on giving and receiving verbs as an inherent problem in Japanese. Comparing Japanese with other languages and explaining some 2 syntactic phenomena of other languages with viewpoint theory, we can see that the introduction of viewpoint theory is of great significance to the promotion of pragmatics and linguistic typology 2. The relationship between viewpoint theory and the sentence of giving and receiving People don't always stand in the position of a third party when they narrate a certain event. Instead, they are in the event and regard themselves as the characters on the stage. This phenomenon is called the phenomenon that the speaker "sees the same person" on the appearance of the person, or "the emotion moves the person". Therefore, jiuno proposed the concept of "synesthesia". He called the speaker's "self identity visualization" of the description object (or event participants) as "synesthesia", and the degree of "synesthesia" is "synesthesia". If "E (x)" is used to express the speaker's synesthesia to the description object x, the following conclusions can be drawn. ( Figure 1) Figure 1. the relationship between giving and receiving verbs "B" means to grant or give. The speaker's point of view tends to the subject (the giver) or the middle position, and E (target language) 1 or cannot be close to 1, that is, the speaker's point of view cannot be the target language (receiver).Jiuno put forward the principle of "consistency of viewpoint", that is, there is only one fixed viewpoint in a single sentence, which is an important principle of viewpoint restriction. It is impossible for the speaker to be in both perspectives at the same time, that is, e (subject): e (target language): 1 is not tenable. Only when e (subject) = e (purpose) is close to 0, can it be true, that is, the living person's viewpoint is completely neutral and objective. [2] From the perspective of synaesthesia, there is only the case that e (subject) = e (target language), that is, the word "send" can be used in a completely objective description; while friends must stand close to the receiver, and send is a special way, which is not in other words. ( Figure 2)

Viewpoint theory and passive sentences
The passive sentence refers to that the subject is the passive and the victim of the behavior indicated by the predicate verb. The passive sentence is one of the common expressions in Japanese, which is closely related to the viewpoint. When computer-aided translation is used and the action subject is unknown or does not need to appear, one sentence expresses the individual claim of a specific person, and the other expresses it as a general description of a social phenomenon. Japanese prefer the second expression, which is based on their understanding of viewpoint. [3] This is the embodiment of "synesthesia" put forward by Nagano. When Japanese understand things around them, they usually assimilate themselves into a part of the world around them to see the development of the situation. In this kind of passive expression of the merciless object without action subject, the Japanese usually understand themselves as a member of the society to describe the event. At the same time, the passivity of this ruthless object can also indicate the rise of new things and the past events. In computer-aided translation of Japanese, the relationship between the speaker and the receiver of influence is closer than that of the exerciser, such as a group of corresponding active and passive sentences. From the perspective of grammar, both expressions are correct, but Japanese prefer to use the passive sentence. This is closely related to the viewpoint restriction. It will be more natural to look at the event from the perspective of a closer person, which is in line with the Japanese expression habits. ( Figure 3 ) Figure 3. Classification of Japanese passive sentences In computer-aided translation, it appears in order to make the subject of the clause consistent with the subject of the subject. [4] From the perspective of grammar, both expressions are correct, but Japanese prefer to use the second one because of the restriction of the principle of consistency of viewpoint. When computer-assisted translation is used to express the feelings of victims, both expressions are correct from the perspective of grammar, but Japanese prefer to use the second one. Restricted by the principle of viewpoint restriction, the choice of viewpoint should follow the law that the self is prior to others, the intimate is prior to the alienated, and the living is prior to the inanimate.

The relationship between viewpoint theory and moving sentences
In computer-aided Japanese translation, when the speaker's point of view is (close to) the moving destination, it moves to the position or direction of the speaker or the topic character. This expression reflects the Japanese "I-centered" feature and describes the event based on oneself. The first sentence itself has directionality, which further clarifies the relationship between this directionality and the speaker by appending, indicating that everyone's movement is towards the speaker, and the speaker's viewpoint is (close to) the moving destination. The movement in the second sentence is also towards the speaker, and the viewpoint is (close to) the moving destination.
In computer-aided Japanese translation, when moving the position of the speaker or topic character, the speaker's point of view in the first sentence is located at the starting point before walking. The mobile is the speaker himself, so it is moving away from the starting point. There are two understandings of the viewpoint in the second sentence: one is that Jiro's action is moving away from the speaker, and the speaker's viewpoint is at (close to) the starting point or moving subject. The other is that the speaker's viewpoint is far away from the starting point or moving subject and destination, which belongs to the movement from one direction to the other, because it is a movement away from the speaker's position. [5] When the same thing moves from the starting point to the destination, the viewpoint of the speaker will directly affect the moving verbs used. By determining whether to move away from the speaker or close to the speaker, this is the conclusion obtained by combining the Japanese viewpoint theory with computer software translation.