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ADAPTIVE CONTROL OF TRANSIT OPERATIONS

Bus priority treatments have been used for decades in various efforts to improve transit services. To improve bus movements along their routes without incurring delays to other traffic, two simulation models for bus dispatching control and for adaptive signal control have been developed in this study. The bus dispatching control model is developed for evaluating and eventually implementing strategies along bus routes. Traffic signals may also be controlled to favourably influence the movement of buses. With the two models, several performance measures are analyzed at individual intersections and on bus routes. Holding and stop-skipping controls are analyzed and optimized based on a specified cost function. Headway-based and schedule-based control strategies are compared by various criteria of interest. Traffic operating costs and bus delay costs are also evaluated through sensitivity analysis of parameters such as bus headways, bus delay costs, and signal timing. The integration of the two models is tested in a network. Traffic data and the simulated intermediate performance measures are communicated between the two models on a node-by-node basis. One numerical result shows that the average bus delay time can be reduced by up to 55% with bus priority control. With 5 minute bus headways, the combined operating cost for buses and other traffic is reduced by approximately 6% with priority control. The cost saving opportunities decrease as bus headways increase.