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Simulation of Ship-Ice Interaction in Level Ice


 This paper presents the capabilities of a ship-ice interaction simulator developed at the Hamburg University of Technology for the ship operation in level ice. Besides a brief introduction of the fundamentals of the simulator and the full availability of the source code, the capabilities of the simulator in terms of the following are presented: simulation of the local ice load distribution along the hull, simulation of the resistance in ice, simulation of the cusp size and form. In addition, and most importantly, it will be shown how these results are changing with changing geometries of the hull shape. Thus, the sensitivity to various geometric changes of the hull to the simulation results will be presented and thereby the capabilities of the simulator. In other words, this paper seeks to introduce and present a robust simulator for the ship performance in ice suitable for hull design evaluations. By doing so, the sensitivity of the simulator results will be shown for various geometric hull shapes and the results will be discussed. The findings indicate that the simulator is well suited for early and detailed design assessment of the hull shape and for general optimization of the hull for ship-ice interaction in level ice.