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Regional analysis of differentiation in air pollution from manufacturing at the post-Soviet territories

The article considers the dynamics of air emissions in 12 post-Soviet countries by region depending on the dynamics of GDP (GRP), the volume and structure of industrial production, changes in the structure of the fuel balance and energy intensity. During the crisis of the 1990s, pollution decreased in all countries and most regions, but at a slower rate than production, and as a result, specific emissions increased due to the greater resilience of the most “dirty” industries to the crisis. Pollution in the largest countries was the most persistent, and within countries in the largest emission regions. During the growth period, there was an increase in emissions in the regions of hydrocarbon production. Regional differences in emissions are mainly due to industrial production for Russia and Ukraine, with high consistency between production and pollution trends. In Ukraine, the decline in production in the Eastern regions has led to a shift in pollution to areas of population concentration. In Kazakhstan, the territorial structure of emissions is determined by the volume of coal-fired power generation and the location of energy- intensive industries. In the post-Soviet space, inherited development factors determine pollution from the energy sector, where outdated funds and the structure of the fuel balance have been preserved to the greatest extent. Large industrial regions tend to stabilize their emissions, while small regions either reduce their emissions or increase them.