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An estimate of activated‐sludge floc permeability: a novel hydrodynamic approach

This work estimates the interior permeability of waste activated sludge flocs by observing the motion of individual flocs moving vertically toward an impermeable flat plate. Through a comparison of experimental data with theoretical predictions in the literature, floc permeabilities of original sludge and freeze–thaw‐conditioned sludges are found to be 0.7 × 10−7 to 5 × 10−7 m2 and 0.9 × 10−9 to 6 × 10−9 m2, respectively. Moreover, incorporating inertial effect delays the influence of the flat plate, thereby causing the creeping‐flow‐based correlation to fail.