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Progressive moralities: introducing new discourses of gender and sexuality in 1990s Tamil film songs

ABSTRACT Tamil film songs allow filmmakers a site beyond the regular narrative structure of their films to interrogate the cultural aspects of Tamil society. From the early 1970s, Tamil film songs began to address morality in gendered ways that provided relevant and contemporary cultural meanings for audiences. By the 1990s, these songs were established, opening up discussions around sexual promiscuity and, where necessary, side-stepping issues of censorship through the use of innuendo and allegory. A rethinking of the boundaries of public morality created an environment of acceptability for audiences as filmmakers drew upon film songs as sites for exploring the notion of sexual pleasure and a reordering of gender roles that appeared to challenge the limits of Indian culture.