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Prognostic values of matrix metalloproteinase‐2 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐2 expression in bladder cancer

Matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2), which degrades the extracellular matrix or the basement membrane, has an essential role in tumor invasion and metastasis. To evaluate the roles of MMP‐2, its inhibitor (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐2 [TIMP‐2]), and its activator (membrane‐type matrix metalloproteinase‐1 [MT1‐MMP]) in tumor invasion or as a prognostic factor in patients with bladder carcinoma, the authors investigated the expression of MMP‐2, TIMP‐2, and MT1‐MMP in patients with bladder carcinoma.