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Assessment of heat stress induced alterations in polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell activity in native and crossbred cows

ABSTRACT Our current investigation was aimed to study differential influence of heat stress on defensive functions of blood polymorphonuclear cells among native and crossbred cows by culturing them in vitro after animal exposure to in vivo heat stress. Blood was collected from 18 cows which were divided in to three groups based on their breed as, group I (Sahiwal), group II (Tharparkar) and group III (Crossbred). THI was calculated by temperature and relative humidity (RH). PMN were isolated and were incubated at 38°C. Phagocytosis and lymphocyte proliferation was then investigated by NBT and MTT assays, respectively. The overall mean THI was significantly (p < 0.5) higher during summer (88.41 ± 1.54) when compared to the winter season (64.75 ± 0.97). There is a significant high lymphocytic proliferation in Group II when compared to Group III cattle. Also, there is a significant decrease in PA during the summer when compared to winter in all the breeds and in group III there is significant decrease in LPA during summer. The results of the present study suggest that indigenous cattle Tharparkar exhibited more tolerance to heat stress than the Group-I and Group-III during summer. However, in winter, all the breeds showed similar.