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Effects of supplementary irrigation on rain-grown sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) in the Sudan

SUMMARY Effects of supplementary irrigation at three periods of grain sorghum development (a) from emergence to a time after floral initiation was completed (b) during heading and flowering and (c) from ending of flowering to maturity, during two seasons, were tested. Grain yield and its components and straw yield were significantly affected by the irrigation treatments, which were themselves considerably affected by rainfall. The results suggest that water deficits during the three periods, as were specified in this study, had affected grain yield primarily through effects on number of grains during the first period and size of grains in the second period. Effects in the third period were apparently complementary to those of the first and/or the second periods, being either very substantial or negligible, depending on the rain conditions in these periods. Straw yields were mostly affected by irrigation during the third period, mainly as a result of development of late tillers. High yields of rain-grown sorghum can be obtained if water deficits are avoided by supplementary irrigation during one or more of its growth periods.