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Time domain radiating model for GPR antenna

In order to realize the analysis of subsurface constitution by non-destructive detecting methods, one of the best candidates is the GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar). Since some years, it has successfully been used in various applications fields such as in archaeology, geology domains and for civil engineering. More recently, an increasing interest is devoted to the survey of the surface of Mars. We can quote the recent missions Mars Express, Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and now Aurora. So to discover the history of Mars planet, many missions seek to establish topography of the subsurface. Concerning the ExoMars mission, WISDOM [1] (Water Ice and Subsurface Deposit Information on Mars) consists in a Rover carrying several elements including a GPR. This one contains a radar unit and embedded transmitting and receiving antennas of Vivaldi antennas type [2]and operates in the waveband [0.5 – 3] GHz. In order to prepare the mission and to evaluate the behavior of the antennas, we have to make models of the transmitting antennas mounted on his Rover. The FDTD [3] approach has been chosen for this study. Because it as proven to be one of the most popular techniques reported in the literature to deal with GPR problems. The difference of scale between these two elements arises then. To overcome this problem, it seems unavoidable to establish a representative model of these antennas in their context. To do this, we have developed an electrical dipolar source model coupled to a Huygens surface in the FDTD method.