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Performance evaluation of the network lifetime for routing protocols in WSN

Sensor network lifetime strongly depends on the used routing protocol. Using several definitions of lifetime and a common evaluation framework, we have analyzed the lifetime of some representative flat and hierarchical sensor network routing protocols, namely: DIRECT, FLOODING, GOSSIPING, LEACH and HEED. Extensive simulations have been carried out yielding a detailed analysis of lifetimes. Through this study, we propose a new technique to increase HEEDs' lifetime. The resulting protocol EHEED is compared to other protocols. Experimental results show that EHEED can be very effective for long-lived sensor network.