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DEM generation from contour lines based on Voronoi diagram

In this paper, a method to generate a digital elevation model (DEM) from contour lines is proposed. The generation of DEM can be described as an iterative procedure, in which new contours are obtained by a weighted Euclidian distance transformation and a consequent extraction of boundaries of the Voronoi diagram. It is characterized by the linear interpolation with each iteration for generating contours with half contour interval of earlier ones. The performance of the method is analyzed by both numerical tests and a topographic map test. Five mathematical surfaces are employed in numerical tests. DEMs generated by the method proposed are comparatively evaluated with other methods, including TLI (triangulated irregular network with linear interpolation) and TOPOGRID in ArcGIS. This algorithm gives an effective method for producing DEM with acceptable accuracy and simple operations.