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Dislocation nucleation and motion observed in a plasma crystal

Dislocation nucleation and dynamics were observed in a two-dimensional plasma crystal. The observations were performed in real time at an atomistic (kinetic) level. The basic stages of edge dislocation nucleation were identified and studied, from gradual pile-up of shear strain in the crystal to eventual escape of free dislocations. After nucleation, dislocations moved supersonically with respect to the shear waves and generated shear-wave Mach cones.