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[Pressure ulcer--occurrence, pathophysiology and prevention].

Pressure ulcers occur in approx. 5 to 15% of patients in home care, health care facilities and hospitals. Pressure ulcers are painful, decrease the quality of life, increase the susceptibility to infections, risk of death and nursing workload and cause significant costs. Their prevention would actually be much cheaper than their treatment. Pathogenetic mechanisms involved in pressure ulcers are very complicated, and ulcers of various degrees are likely to develop by different mechanisms. A pressure ulcer can develop very rapidly. It can, however, be prevented, making it a formidable challenge.