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Detection of gradual scene changes for parsing of video data

The automatic video parser, a necessary tool for the development and maintenance of a video library, must accurately detect video scene changes so that the resulting video clips can be indexed in some fashion and stored in a video database. With the current existing algorithms, abrupt scene changes are detected fairly well; however, gradual scene changes, including fade-ins, fade-outs, and dissolves, are often missed. In this paper, we propose a new gradual scene change detection algorithm. In particular, we focus on fade- ins, fade-outs, and dissolves. The proposed algorithm is based on the chromatic video edit model. The video edit model indicates that, for sequences without motion, the second partial derivative with respect to time is zero during fade- ins, fade-outs, and dissolves. However, it is also zero for static scenes. Thus, the proposed algorithm computes the first (to disregard static scenes) and second partial derivatives, and if the norm of the second derivative is 'small' relative to the norm of the first derivative, the algorithm declares a gradual scene change. The efficacy of our algorithm is demonstrated using a number of video clips and some performance comparisons are made with other existing approaches.