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Saving mobile device energy with multipath TCP

Multipath TCP is a backwards-compatible TCP extension that enables using multiple network paths between two end systems for a single TCP connection, increasing performance and reliability. It can also be used to "shift" active connections from one network path to another without breakage. This feature is especially attractive on mobile devices with multiple radio interfaces, because it can be used to continuously shift active connections to the most energy-efficient network path. This paper describes a novel method for deriving such a multipath scheduler using MPTCP that maximises energy savings. Based on energy models for the different radio interfaces as well as a continuously accumulated communication history of the device user, we compute schedulers for different applications by solving a Markov decision process offline. We evaluate these schedulers for a large number of random application models and selected realistic applications derived from measurements. Evaluations based on energy models for a mobile device with Wifi and 3G radio interfaces show that it performs comparably in terms of energy efficiency to a theoretically optimal omniscient oracle scheduler.