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Patient–professional communication research in cancer: an integrative review of research methods in the context of a conceptual framework

This paper uses the conceptual framework of Feldman‐Stewart et al. to organize and review the types of research methodologies used to investigate various aspects of patient‐health care professional communication in the context of cancer. Research methods employed are classified as either non‐experimental or experimental. Non‐experimental designs include naturalistic observational studies (e.g. participant observation, audio‐ or videotaping of interactions) and retrospective introspective descriptions (e.g. self‐report questionnaires, qualitative interview methods). Experimental designs often involve interventions aimed at improving communication, such as physician or patient training, and the use of technology to enhance communication (e.g. audiotapes, computers).