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Blood Banks Negotiation Framework

The shortage of blood components is a problem on a global scale. Allied to this issue, there is no substance that can, in its totality, substitute the blood tissue. Because of its perishable characteristic and, considering that it comes from voluntary donation in most of the countries, bringing a big load of uncertainty, this supply chain is complex to be managed. The lack of blood products represents a risk to the health and life of the population, due to its potential to increase the mortality rate and the aging of the population worldwide. In this context, it is necessary to develop strategies to increase the supply and reduce the waste of this material. This research proposes a negotiation protocol based on linear programming in order to support blood components’ exchange among blood banks. The solution was developed based on the transportation problem model, considering the amount of blood components offered or demanded and their respective expiry date and stock levels, represented by a criticality level. The model was implemented using the CPLEX solver and the computational tests were performed with randomly generated data. The model promotes the reduction of blood products waste, since they can be negotiated with a blood bank that need it, who will not suffer from the lack of the corresponding product. It is also observed that the products offered with short expiration date are prioritized over those with a longer period, an important factor due to the high perishability of the blood product. Moreover, for the demanded products, the model prioritizes those that are more critical, in relation to those that are only for the replacement of the stock bank. The protocol developed is an intelligent negotiation tool able to support the blood bank managers when deciding about blood components exchange, improving the quality of the negotiations among blood banks stocks, reducing the waste and improving the offer of these products.