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Lasers in skin cancer prophylaxis

Skin cancer is the most common malignancy, with over 1 million cases diagnosed annually in the USA, comprising more than a third of cancers in the USA [101]. Cutaneous malignancies are amenable to early diagnosis and treatment, owing to their visual accessibility; the same advantage should facilitate preventative measures in high-risk individuals or in cases of known or suspected premalignant lesions. Topical and systemic pharmaceuticals are used in daily practice, but lasers – which have hitherto been limited to the treatment of diagnosed malignancies – provide a safe and well-controlled technology for treating focal or wide areas at high risk for cutaneous malignancy. The lasers used act by a variety of mechanisms, including selective photothermolysis, nonselective ablation or through the use of coherent light sources for photodynamic therapy. These mechanisms and the ability to apply them directly make lasers a promising tool in the dermatologist’s armamentarium in the battle against skin cancer.