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Optimal component sizing for a parallel hybrid bus based on dynamic programming

Powertrain configuration is important for hybrid electric vehicle, because it influences the fuel efficiency as well as the prime cost of the vehicle. This paper presents a method to configure the powertrain system for a 12-meter parallel hybrid city bus based on Dynamic Programming. First the vehicle model is build, then a bi-level program is adopted to find out the most efficiency configuration of diesel engine and battery size.