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Different Effects of Atherogenic Lipoproteins and Blood Pressure on Arterial Structure and Function: The Bogalusa Heart Study

Differential impact of non–high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (total cholesterol minus high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol) and blood pressure on arterial wall thickness and stiffness was examined in 900 black and white adults aged 24–43 years. Blacks compared with whites had greater values of pulse wave velocity (5.4 m/sec vs. 5.2 m/sec; p<0.01) and carotid artery intima–media thickness (0.83 mm vs. 0.80 mm; p<0.01). Non–high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly associated with carotid intima–media thickness (standardized regression coefficient [b]=0.21; p<0.01), but not with pulse wave velocity (b=0.03; p=0.37), after adjusting for race, sex, age, body mass index, insulin, glucose, and smoking. Systolic blood pressure was associated significantly stronger with pulse wave velocity (b=0.36; p<0.01) than with carotid intima–media thickness (b=0.15; p<0.01). No race difference in these relationships was found. The results of this study indicate that atherogenic lipoproteins and blood pressure may play different roles in the development of arterial wall stiffness and atherosclerosis.