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Effects of Wheat Straw Return on Rice Yield and the N P K Loss with Overland Runoff

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of wheat straw return on rice yield, total nitrogen(N), total phosphorus(P), Kalium(K) loss quantity and N P K loss rate with overland runoff. The rice cultivar of Yun 2645 was field-grown. Five treatments such as conventional measurement(A), wheat straw return(B), wheat straw return with reducing fertilizer(C), fertilizer application(D), rotational tillage system(E) were conducted. The results showed that:(1)Compared conventional measurement, wheat straw return increased rice yield by 3.0%.(2)Total overland runoff of farmland in rice season was 4.3 × 103 m3·hm-2 in this research season.(3)Wheat straw return significantly reduced N P K loss quantity with overland runoff. In terms different treatments, the order of total N loss quantity was C B A D E, and both the order of total P K loss quantity were C B D A E.(4)Wheat straw return reduced N P K loss rate with overland runoff; for the decreasing rate of NPK loss quantity was far lower than that of the amount of fertilizer application, with reducing fertilizer the N P K loss rate of wheat straw return showed the highest.(5)Wheat straw return slightly increased rice yield, but significantly reduced N P K loss quantity and N P K loss rate with overland runoff in rice season.