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Ottawa Statement from the Sparking Solutions Summit on Population Health Intervention Research

The Cape Town Statement was released on October 3, 2014 following the Third Global Symposium on Health Systems Research. The Statement covered a number of action themes, including health systems development, capacity development for research, cutting-edge and innovative research methods, and learning communities and knowledge translation. Following the Cape Town Statement’s release, a call to action that included action themes and recommendations for implementation research and delivery science (IRDS) was issued. Directed at health policy-makers and managers, funding organizations, researchers and academic institutions, journal editors and publishers, and civil society organizations, it aimed to facilitate the development of responsive health systems that are effective, efficient, equitable, and people-centered. This call to action is in keeping with the tenets of population health approaches throughout North America, much of Europe, and in many other places around the world. While the Cape Town Statement focused on health systems, the Ottawa Statement emphasizes the science of population health interventions. These include policies, programs and resource distribution approaches that are designed to have impact at the population level by changing the underlying conditions of risk and reducing health inequities. Examples of such interventions with a primary prevention orientation include organizational changes in workplace design, housing policies to reduce homelessness, immunization programs, and tax policy that discourages consumption of tobacco and other harmful products at a population level. Thus, population health intervention research (PHIR) is not clinical or laboratory-based. Rather, it is defined as research that involves the use of scientific methods to produce knowledge about interventions that operate within or outside of the health sector and have the potential to impact the health of populations and health equity (Population Health Intervention Research Initiative for Canada [PHIRIC]).