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ATM/miR‐34a‐5p axis regulates a p21‐dependent senescence‐apoptosis switch in non‐small cell lung cancer: a Boolean model of G1/S checkpoint regulation

MicroRNA‐34a‐5p regulates the G1/S checkpoint in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Forced expression of miR‐34a‐5p enhances p21 expression and promotes cellular senescence, whereas knockout of miR‐34a‐5p decreases senescence and increases apoptosis. This suggests that p21 is the main effector of a senescence‐apoptosis switch in NSCLC cells; however, the molecular mechanisms controlling this switch are unclear. In this work, we propose a Boolean model of G1/S checkpoint regulation, contemplating the regulatory influences of p21 by miR‐34a‐5p. The predicted probabilities of our model are in excellent agreement with experimental data. Our model supports that p21 is the main effector of a senescence/apoptosis switch and that the disruption of the positive feedback involving ATM, miR‐34a‐5p, and the histone deacetylase HDAC1 abrogates senescence.