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Human epithelial cancer cells studied using combined AFM-IR absorption nanoimaging

Several recent studies have described the use of infrared (IR) nanoimaging for non-invasive chemical discrimination of subcellular features and intracellular exogenous agents. In this work we outline a number of improvements in both quantitative IR nanoimage analysis and optical system improvements which enable recovery of nanoscale subcellular chemical localization with improved chemical precision. Additionally, we demonstrate how a combination of IR absorption nanoimaging and topographic data can produce subcellular chemical density and complexity maps, which can illustrate several cellular features of interest, including the label free localization of nuclei for both healthy and cancerous cell lines with sub 40nm accuracy. As many cell processes related to disease are governed by the position and dynamics of subcellular features, we present the ability to map biochemical inhomogeneity of cancer cells at nanoscale resolution as a means to explore the subcellular biomechanics underlying carcinogenesis.