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Human colon carcinoma, fibrosarcoma and leukemia cell lines produce tumor‐associated trypsinogen

Previous studies have indicated that cyst fluid of ovarian tumors contains 2 trypsinogen isoenzymes, called tumor‐associated trypsinogen‐1 (TAT‐1) and trypsinogen‐2 (TAT‐2), the levels of which correlate with the degree of malignancy of the tumors. In addition, these cyst fluids contain large amounts of tumor‐associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI), which is also expressed in many other human tumors. In the present study we examined the production of TAT‐1, TAT‐2 and TATI in 9 established tumor‐cell lines. TAT‐2 was produced by 5 cell lines. Its concentration in the conditioned medium of COLO 205 colon adenocarcinoma cells, K‐562 erythroleukemia cells and fibrosarcoma cell lines HT 1080,8387 and A 9733 was 460 μg/1, 9.8 μg/1, 21 μg/1, 8.8 μg/1 and 0.24 μg/l, respectively. TAT‐1 was detectable in the conditioned medium of COLO 205 and HT 1080 cells at concentrations of 64 μg/1 and 0.5 μg/1, respectively. TATI was detected only in the media of COLO 205 cells at a concentration of 23 μg/1. TAT‐2 zymogen was purified from the conditioned medium of COLO 205 and HT 1080 cells by immunoaffinity chromatography. According to its aminoterminal amino acid sequence, a molecular mass of 28 kDa by SDS‐PAGE, elution pattern in ion‐exchange chromatography and ability to be activated by enteropeptidase, the zymogen is identical to that previously isolated from cyst fluid of ovarian tumors. In addition, we found that TAT‐2 secretion could be down‐regulated by dexamethasone in HT 1080 cells but not in COLO 205 cells. The abundant production of TAT‐2 isoenzyme in different cancer cell lines suggests that it could contribute to the increased proteolytic activity of many human tumors.