{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.012445095168374817, 'fraction_numerical': 0.004392386530014641, 'mean_word_length': 5.270642201834862, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Truncular vascular malformations in a varicose vein surgery patient cohort.

BACKGROUND
To determine the incidence and significance of vascular malformations in a varicose vein surgery patient cohort in a prospective cohort study.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
During a ten year time span we prospectively searched for patients with vascular malformations within a varicose vein surgery cohort. All patients underwent colour duplex sonography and surgery for symptomatic chronic venous disease or chronic venous insufficiency corresponding to clinical classes C2 to C6 according to CEAP.


RESULTS
Five out of 1488 patients had truncular vascular malformations. One patient had an arterio-venous malformation in the groin. Venous malformations were found in three marginal veins and one bone perforating vein. Two of these five patients had a mitral valve prolapse syndrome, one a persistent foramen ovale, one had a bone cyst in a finger and one ectromelia of the hands and feet, respectively. No complications occurred following surgical treatment of these five malformations.


CONCLUSIONS
Truncular arterio-venous and venous malformations in a varicose vein surgery patient cohort are rare. In our cohort the hemodynamic impact of the vascular malformations was low, the surgical treatment combined with varicose vein surgery resulted in technical and clinical success.