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Characteristics of a 28-kDa collagenous protein extracted with guanidine from EDTA-demineralized rabbit alveolar bone.

Bone proteins in alveolar bone of mandibles from young adult rabbits (3-month-old) were extracted with 4.0 M guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl), followed by 0.5 M ethylenediaminetetraacetate, and again with 4.0 M GuHCl (G2-ext). The proteins in the G2-ext were fractionated on a gel-filtration column, followed by an anion-exchange column in the presence of 7.0 M urea. A 28-kDa protein was isolated from the G2-ext. The purified 28-kDa protein showed intense staining with silver on SDS-PAGE slab-gel under reducing conditions. This protein was digested with bacterial collagenase, and a 19-kDa fragment appeared on the gel. However, the protein was not susceptible to reduction with cyanogen bromide. The protein did not bind to hydroxyapatite crystals in the presence of 7.0 M urea, and also did not bind to some lectins. On SDS-PAGE under non-reducing conditions, the protein migrated as two bands; a new band appeared at approximately the 85-kDa region in addition to the original 28-kDa band. The amino acid compositions of the protein were similar to those of the alpha 1-pN-propeptide of type I procollagen obtained from other tissues.