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Book Reviews : Stephen P. Turner & Regis A. Factor: Max Weber. The Lawyer as Social Thinker. London and New York: Routledge, 1994

appropriation and interpretation of these phenomena may differ considerably. Ritzer never opens a discussion of what room these phenomena offer for local interpretation and adjustment. These are empirical questions that can only be illuminated through extensive fieldwork in different countries and milieus. In a footnote, Ritzer refers to Viviana Zelizer (1994) who disagrees with him on one particular point, the levelling of money. Ritzer does not refer to any other fieldwork studies of consumers’ own coping strategies and conceptualizations of these issues. In this way consumers are mostly portrayed as passive, possibly desperate, victims, and not as active, innovative subjects in their own right. A similar criticism can also be directed towards a great many undocumented generalizations that are made throughout the two books. Ritzer holds, for example, that there is a greater risk of imprudence using credit cards than debit/ ATM cards, or that debit cards do increase the number and rapidity of economic transactions. Even though these and similar statements seem reasonable, references to empirical studies would have strengthened his argument. Ritzer states in the preface of Expressing America that the presentation is ’not weighted down by the requirements of scholarly monographs’. Even if we accept this, a more humble attitude towards the empirical field would have given his account