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The Political and Social Problems of the Contemporary Middle East and its Neighbouring Areas

The contemporary Middle East is described as an area of tremendous upheaval in the International Relations arena. The first two decades of the 21st century have especially been seen as a period in which the fragile stability of the Middle East has been under the pressure of indigenous as well as outside factors. The terrorist attack against the United States that took place on September 11th 2001 was a watershed moment for the region. The “War against terror” declared by the then American president, George W. Bush, has practically been implemented in the Middle East. Two Middle Eastern states, Iran and Iraq, were labelled ‘rouge states’ by Bush’s Administration and accused of being sponsors of international terrorist groups. Consequently, the White House decided to remove Saddam Hussein from power by force. However, the American invasion against Iraq negatively influenced not only its security situation but also the entire region. Despite the fact that the gory regime of Saddam Hussein had been removed from power, the U.S. has proven to be unprepared to establish new institutions and state authorities. The internal situation of