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Motor and Visual Plasticity interact in Adult Humans

Neuroplasticity is maximal during development and declines in adulthood, especially for sensory cortices. On the contrary, the motor cortex retains plasticity throughout the lifespan. This difference has led to a modular view of plasticity in which different brain regions have their own plasticity mechanisms that do not depend or translate on others. Recent evidence indicates that visual and motor plasticity share common neural mechanisms (e.g. GABAergic inhibition), indicating a possible link between these different forms of plasticity, however the interaction between visual and motor plasticity has never been tested directly. Here we show that when visual and motor plasticity are elicited at the same time in adult humans, visual plasticity is impaired, while motor plasticity is spared. This unilateral interaction between visual and motor plasticity demonstrates a clear link between these two forms of plasticity. We conclude that local neuroplasticity in separate systems might be regulated globally, to preserve overall homeostasis in the brain.