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Experimental and numerical study on cavitation under elastohydrodynamic lubrication point contact

As a common phenomenon in elastohydrodynamic lubrication, cavitation has an effect on the completeness of the oil film in the contact area. Many studies have therefore been conducted on cavitation. Experimental researches on cavitation usually rely on optical interference observation, which offers a limited resolution and observation range. In this paper, an infrared thermal camera is used to observe the cavity bubbles on a ball-on-disc setup under sliding/rolling conditions. The results show that the cavity length increases with an increases of the entrainment speed and the viscosity of the lubricants. These observations are explained by a numerical model based on Elrod's algorithm. Effects of entrainment speed and lubricant viscosity on the breakup of cavitation bubbles and the cavitation states are investigated. Both the simulation and experimental results show that a negative pressure area is present behind the Hertzian contact area. The ambient pressure plays a role in maintaining cavitation state 1. The cavitation pressure is close to the vacuum pressure when the entrainment speed is low and to the ambient pressure instead when the entrainment speed is high.