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MIMO Measurements at high UE Velocity with variable eNB Antenna Column Separation

In order to provide sufficient data rates in high mobility scenarios, LTE mobile radio networks along railways must be deployed at high carrier frequencies with large bandwidth, where typically 4x4 Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) is used. It is a well known fact that the performance of 4x4 MIMO typically decreases as mobile user velocity increases. However, reducing the correlation within the MIMO radio channel may lead to reduced degradation of the MIMO performance. To verify this effect, the distance between two single-column antennas on the evolved NodeB (eNB) side has been varied between 0.2 m and 15 m, and comprehensive drive tests have been conducted at 120 km/h. It has been observed that with 3 m antenna column separation, the achieved throughput gain compared to 0.2 m column separation is around 20 % and that it does not further improve with additional separations, although the utilization of three MIMO spatial layers further increases.