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Control of equine respiratory disease on Ontario Standardbred racetracks.

UPPER RESPIRATORY DISEASES have been a serious problem for several years on the Standardbred racetracks in Ontario. Outbreaks of respiratory disease commonly occurred once or twice per year in the late winter and spring seasons. In 1973 research was initiated to define the cause(s) of these epidemics of respiratory disease and to develop methods of control. Bacterial cultures of nasal swabs obtained at weekly intervals from apparently healthy horses and from horses with respiratory disease failed to demonstrate an association between any specific bacteria and the occurrence of respiratory disease in the horses (2). Viral isolations and serological conversions showed that both equine influenza viruses, equine/1 and equine/2, and rhinopneumonitis virus (equine herpesvirus 1) were associated with cases of equine respiratory disease in the horses (2). In addition, a number of "slow herpes" viruses (equine herpesvirus 2) were isolated although their significance in respiratory disease of horses is not clear. An equine influenza vaccination regime was devised and evaluated for two years on the racetracks. This paper reports the results of these evaluations and recommends a method of vaccination to control equine respiratory disease on racetracks.