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Wireless Underwater Communication: A Networking Approach for Estimating First Order Lag in Routing Data

Unique features of underwater sensor nodes enabled with acoustic communications incur minimal attenuation and delay in multi-hop communication. The topology of sensor nodes transfers data in an upward direction towards the surface sink. The sensors are uses orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) as it is suitable used for calculating the level of attenuation from Thorp model across links for the desired subcarriers. Underlying modulation technique with appropriate channel estimation using attenuation models outperforms conventional Depth Based Routing (DBR). The proposed routing protocol is a variant of DBR integrating vector auto regression model. It estimates the own lag and cross lag coefficients of two co-deployed sensors in forwarding to its neighbour of lesser depth. Simulation results show better delivery efficiency through lag estimation for proposed work.