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Microbial growth on insulator material surfaces under different climate conditions - Review paper

Extreme environmental conditions can alter the surface properties of insulator surfaces, causing a temporary or permanent loss of hydrophobicity. Biological contamination such as algae, fungi, and lichen decrease the flashover performance of the insulator and this creates a potential threat to safe operation of the power systems. This biological contamination, which poses a major challenge in the operation of electrical power systems, decreases the flashover performance of the insulator and could result in complete failure thereof. The bio-films also possess the ability to retain water on the insulator surface, which results in increased leakage current levels under wet conditions. These leakage currents, caused by the biological contamination, are also considered to be one of the most severe problems regarding insulators in service, thus causing the formation of dry band arcing which could result in a flashover that could cause a power outage. This paper presents a consideration of some of the factors of climate parameters such as humidity, pollution, high temperature, ultraviolet exposition, sunlight, atmospheric pressure and biological degradation, which cause microorganisms in the air and microbial growth on insulator material surfaces.