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Breast Cancer During Pregnancy: Cases and Review of Treatment and Prognosis

The frequency of the association of breast cancer and pregnancy is 1 out of 3,000 to 1 out of 10,000 pregnant women, but only 0.2 to 3.8% of all breast cancer patients are pregnant (1,2,3,4). Considering the prolonged subclinical evolution of breast cancer (probably 3-5 years in young women), the number of pregnant women affected by breast cancer must be considerably higher (5). For this reason the definition of pregnancy-associated breast cancer comprises also the post-partum period, varying from three months to one year. The average age of affected women is 34-35 years. Breast cancer does not prevail more frequently during pregnancy than outside this period, in women of the same age (6,7). Some of the typical risk factors for carcinoma of the breast are especially observed in this category of affected women: higher socio-economical status, college educated, caucasian race, delayed first full-term delivery. We observed four patients within a short period of time, presenting the association of breast cancer and pregnancy; two of them had a relapse during pregnancy of a previously diagnosed breast carcinoma. As the management of breast cancer during pregnancy is even more complex, we shall review some of the typical aspects and difficulties arising during diagnosis and treatment of this type of malignancy.