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Study of Surface Modification of Nanosize Si3N4 with Macromolecular Coupling Agent LMPB-g-GMA in Different Solvents

A new macromolecular coupling agent, low-molecular-weight polybutadiene liquid rubber (LMPB)-glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), was synthesized using solution polymerization initiated by benzoyl peroxide (BPO). The molecular structure was confirmed by FTIR and NMR. This macromolecular LMPB-GMA was used for surface modification of silicon nitride (Si3N4) nanopowder in n-heptane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and DMF, respectively. LMPB-GMA and modified nano-Si3N4 were systematically investigated by FTIR, NMR, TGA, and TEM. The results showed that LMPB-GMA bonded and formed an organic coating layer onto the surface of nanosized Si3N4 particles. The polarity of the solvents plays an important role in this process. Strong or weak polar both affect the results. The dosage loading of LMPB-GMA is 12 wt% of nanosized Si3N4. Nanosized Si3N4 modified in ethyl acetate has better dispersibility and stability than that modified in n-heptane or DMF. TEM pictures also reveal that modified nano-Si3N4 possesses good dispersibility.