{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.02397691500524659, 'fraction_numerical': 0.008342077649527806, 'mean_word_length': 5.068449538363579, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 1, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
ENGLISH TEACHING MATERIAL BASED ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL CARING CHARACTER

—This research aims at developing an English teaching material based on the environmental caring character. It is assumed that learning English using the teaching material integrated with environmental caring character concepts and activities will enable the students to subconsciously develop their awareness to take care of the environment where they live. This research employs research and development (R&D) design with the participants of 306 students and 25 English teachers taken randomly from 10 Junior High Schools in Semarang City. The following are the steps taken during the study: 1) carrying out an observation to find out the availability of the English teaching materials used at schools. The researchers also interviewed some English teachers and students to know whether there are other compulsory books or supplementary books used by the teachers and students for the English teaching material; 2) carrying out the need analysis to determine whether the teachers and students need the development of English teaching materials based on the environment-caring character. For this purpose the researchers distributed a questionnaire to get the information on the teachers and students’ needs; and 3) developing English teaching materials based on the character of environmental caring. The result of the study shows that the availability of the compulsory English textbooks or supplementary ones used so far do not contain much on the values of environmental caring character. Therefore, they expect much on the development of the English textbooks covering the character values of environmental caring. Besides, respondents also expected to have a handy English textbook which is easily carried on hand or put in the bag. Keywords-development, teaching material, character, environmental caring


I. INTRODUCTION
In the past few days, the news of juvenile delinguency like vandalism, scratching new public facilities had decorated messmedia in Indonesia. It is embarassing, of course for most of them who did vadalism are students of high schools who are expected to behave properly as the result of the implementation of character education stressed in the curriculum. However, the fact that it is on the contrary where the students' uncontrollable behaviour may lead to the destruction though they have been taught character education regularly and massively at schools. This students' improper behaviour incites the public opinion that it is the failure of character education. Factors influencing students' behaviour are actually very complex, not only the design of the curriculum, teaching method or teaching facilities but also teaching material. Some educators are even of the opinion that teaching material plays an important role in changing the students' mindset on life. It is just like food for a baby; the more nutritious the food the healtier the result for the baby will be.
With reference to this very crucial reason, it is of great importance for the writers to develop material that contains sufficient values on the environemental caring character with the expectation that after learning using this material the students will unconsiously be able to practice it in the real life outside of the classroom. The term environmental caring character used in this paper is to denote the idea that: (1) the awarenes of the students to take care of the cleanliness or the beauty of the environment should be built from the earliest time of their study for it is a prerequisite for their future healthy life; (2) however, the expectation is contradictary to their daily real life for they often do vandalism, throw rubbish improperly and even destroy public facilities; (3) this students' poor character of the students on the environmental caring is often associated with the failure of the education; and (4) it is assumed that the irrelevance of the education and the students' real life outside of the school is basically caused by the insufficient teaching material containing character building, particularly material that stresses on the environmental caring. Based on the preliminary study, it was found out that only a few English textbooks contain few character values and it is therefore a curious fact that developing teaching materials for junior high school students which contain the character values is badly needed.
With reference to this very crucial reason, the researchers tried to conduct a study on the development of interesting, impressive and innovative learning materials which contain the character of environmental caring for the Junior High School students in Semarang. The research questions of this study are therefore formulated as follows: 1. To what extent is the availability of the English textbooks based on the environmental caring character provided for the teachers and students? 2. To what extent is the need of the teachers and students for the development of the English textbooks based on the environmental caring character? Accordingly, the objectives of this research are as follows: 1. To find out the availability of the English textbooks based on the environmental caring character provided for the teachers and students; 2. To find out and analyse the need of the teachers and students for the development of the English textbooks based on the environmental care character.
II. THEORETICAL REVIEW It is believed that the nation's characters can be developed through education, since during the education where the teaching learning process and the school facility take place, the students get involved directly on the knowledge and the practice of it. This idea is supported by [1] who defines teaching as a process which consists of the teacher's and the students' activities based on a reciprocal relation in an educative situation to achieve certain goals. In other words, teaching involves an interaction among students, teachers, and all components or elements where education may take place to achieve the goals. It also implies that not only teachers who play an influential role in order to achieve the goal of education but also other factors like the environment or the society and the family as well; in the society, for instance, the family can provide a good model to show good attitudes and characters [2]. While learning can be defined as a process in which the participants try to change their behaviours as a result of their individual experience and their relation to their environment [3]. So, learning character may mean learning to change behaviour or character.
A character may be defined as a person's nature, attitude, behaviour and personality which develop as the internalization of various virtues to perceive, think, behave and act in his or her life [2]. [4]proposes that the environmental care character does not fully represent the natural talent or instinct but instead it develops as a result of the nurturing process of the education in its broad sense. Any misconduct or mismanagement in the educational process may result in a misbehaved character toward his or her environment, as it is realized character as the result of nurturing process in the society and the environment where someone has been raised and stays and lives there. It is not merely an individual's talents given by the nature. In the academic setting, the only answer to the question of how to develop the character is "through education". Education enables the society to develop the person's character as expected by the other members of the society [4]. [4] also insists that education on the environment is an inevitable need if the civil society is our ideal. In line with the above opinions, [5] also states that human beings are considered to be ecological organism-they depend on their environment to survive. Thus, the behaviour of the students can be a reflection of the environment they adopt. Cognition, mind , logic-like thought, plays a central role to the endeavour to promote intelligent, adaptive action in the world, and to do so it must be intimately aligned with their environment. Therefore, a good character must be developed on the individual basis so that every individual will be aware of his or her attitude or behaviour and take his or her own responsibility.

III. METHOD
This study employed research and development (R&D) design because the researchers tried to develop English teaching materials based on environmental caring character for Junior High School students. Educational Research and Development (R&D) is a process used to develop and validate educational products [6]. The respondents of this study were 306 students and 25 English teachers taken from 10 Junior High Schools in Semarang. They were given questionnaire to be filled out in order to obtain the information on their perception toward the availability of the English teaching material used at present and on their needs for the English teaching materials based on the environmental caring character. Besides, the researchers also observed the students' attitudes and behaviours toward the efforts of taking care of the environment. The answers of the questionnaire were quantified using Likert scale and therefore, quantitative and qualitative data were obtained. The qualitative data were obtained from the observation and interview, while the quantitative data were obtained from questionnaire.

IV. FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
The findings presented in this section are the answers of the research questions that deal with the availability of the English textbooks based on the environmental caring character provided for the teachers and students and the need of the teachers and students for the development of the English textbooks based on the environmental care character and the result of the observation and interview.

A. The Availability of the Environmental Caring
Character-Based English Textbooks A team of researchers conducted interview to the respondents, 25 English teachers from 10 public and private junior high schools in Semarang. The respondents were asked about the availability of the English textbooks or supplementary books used to teach English at schools. It revealed that the teachers used the English textbook provided by the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia entitled When English Rings a Bell for class VII students; besides they also used supplementary

. How Many Cas
Are There? (about mentioning numbers, singular and plural nouns, articles a, an, the and information on the public places); Chapter 5. He is Very Cheerful (about how to describe someone's physical appearances, and to describe someone's personality); Chapter 6. She Cares for People Who Are Sick (about someone's profession, anmes of things and their uses, animals' activities); Chapter 7. It Is a Nice Small House (about describing persons, animals, and things); Chapter 8. Let's Sing a Song (the word meaning from a song, rhyme, determining the pronouns in a song, identifying adjectives from a song); Seeing from the topics of those in the compulsory English textbooks and those in the supplementary textbooks, they are a bit different; however, if they are seen from their contents, they are more or less the same. Both books contain the character values of responsibility, discipline, cooperation and self-confidence. After all, it can be said that both English textbooks do not contain the values of environmental caring character. Therefore, the researchers tried to develop the English textbook based on the environmental caring character to meet the need of the teachers and students for the supplementary English textbook.

B. The Teachers' and Students' Needs for An English Textbook Based on the Environmental Caring Character
This section describes the results of the analysis of the questionnaire completed by the respondents where the questionnaire aimed at finding out the availability of the English learning materials for the junior high schools containing the values of character on environmental caring. The result reveals 3 (three) kinds of information: 1) the teachers and students' opinions about the English textbook used; 2) the expected content of the English textbook; and 3) the expected physical appearance of the textbook. Figure 1 above shows that question no. 1, "How often does the reading material cover the topic on social environmental awareness such as visiting a sick friend?" gets the following answers: 60% "seldom", 24% "often", 8% "almost never", 8% "never", and 0% "very often". Related to question no. 4, "How often is learning material completed with electronic media based on the physical environmental awareness provided?", 52% respondents replied "seldom", 24% replied "very seldom", 12% replied "never", and 0% replied "very often". Then question no. 8,"How often are the teaching material exercises on the physical environmental awareness discussed?", 40% respondents replied "seldom", 32% replied "often", 20% replied "very seldom", 8% replied "never", and 0% replied "very often".
Based on the result of the data analysis concerninng the teachers' and students' opinions on the English textbook used, it can be concluded that the theme or topic about social and physical environmental awareness is seldom covered. It indicates that the English textbook developers are not yet aware of the importance of integrating character education, particularly those concerning with the students' awareness on the environmental caring to the suject contents. The fact that integrating environment education into the content of English books may lead to better understanding on the relationship between the environment and other facets of life. It is greatly supported by Atkinson (2011:143) where he states that human beings are considered to be ecological organism-they depend on their environment to survive. Thus, integrating environmental education in the teaching material is of great importance for the students in order to be able to develop their knowledge on the environment. Figure 3 shows that 76% of the respondents expect the learning materials in the English textbook should adopt the communicative approach (question no.19). Meanwhile, 72% of the respondents expect that the learning materials in the English textbook should provide texts or dialogues which contain the character of environmental caring (question no. 20). For question no. 18, 72% of the respondents expect that the teaching materials in the English textbook should cover the language elements such as vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation. Figure 4 shows that 56.9% of the respondents (students) expect the learning materials in the English textbook should adopt the communicative approach (question no.19). Then 64.6% of them expect that the teaching materials in the English textbook should provide texts or dialogues which contain the character of environmental caring. Meanwile, 63.6% of the students expect that the teaching materials in the English textbook should cover the language elements such as vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation (question no. 18).

Figure 4. Students' Responses
Based on the data stated on table 3 and 4, most of the teachers and students expect the content of the English textbook should adopt the communicative approach; besides, texts or dialogues containg the character of environmental caring as well as the language elements should be provided in the textbook. shows that the highest percentage (80%) of the respondents agreed to say that the size of the English textbook for junior high school is A4 (question no. 1) and 72% of them were in favour of having the font in varied styles such as in Times New Roman, Calibri, Arial, ( question no. 7). The third highest percentage, 60% is on the thickness of the paper where they were in favour of 80 mg (question no. 6).  Table 6 shows the highest percentage, 62% was in in response to question 7, "The font styles of the English textbook for junior high schools should be various (Times New Roman, Calibri, Arial, etc.) and the second highest perecentage, 57.80% was in response to question no. 2, "The length of the paper of the English textbook for junior high schools should be B5 (18.5 cm X 25.7 cm). The students' response to question no. 10, "The font size style of writing in the English textbook should be varied (10, 12, 14)" was 47.9%.

The Expected Physical Appearance of the Textbook
With reference to the teachers' and students' response concerning the font styles or font size, the respondents were in favour of having the varied ones. Only for the length of the textbooks they are in different views where teachers prefer to have A4 while students prefer to have B5. The fact that for practicality, the length of A4 is actually much easier to hand and to be put in in the bag rather than B5 and therefore, teachers chose A4 instead of B5. Different from the teachers' view, students, for the sake of clarity or pictures provision that should be clear enough to see wanted to have B5.

V. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
The result of the study shows that the English teachers used the compulsory English textbook provided by the Ministry of Education and Culture entitled When English Rings a Bell for class VII and supplementary textbooks chosen freely from different sources like Bahasa Inggris I published by Yrama Widya, Practice Your English Competence 1 by Erlangga, Bright An English 1 by Erlangga, and Headline English 1 by PT SEWU. However, the English textbook issued by the Ministry of Education and Culture does not discuss much about environmental caring character and so do the supplementary textbooks. As it was discussed before that integrating environmental caring character into English teaching material, the students may not only learn English but also learn the importance of keeping the environment well due to the related consequences toward their lives. Eventually, it can stated that teachers and students feel the needs of having the English teaching material based on the environmental caring character in order to develop the awareness of the students to take care of the environment. This can be seen from the answers of the respondents where most of them gave opinion on the importance of the availability of the texts or dialogues containing the character of environmental caring. Meanwhile, for the physical appearance of the English textbook, most of them expect to be colouful and has A4 size for it is handy and practical easily to be put in the bag.
In relation to the research result, it is suggested that English teachers should actively oxplore English teaching material sources and find the most suitable ones to fill the need of the students, particularly those containing the values of environmental caring character. Besides, it is also expected that English teachers together with researchers actively conduct reasearch collaboratively on developing the teaching material that fulfil the needs of the students.