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The Zūrkhāna between Tradition and Change

Abstract The zūrkhāna is perceived to be an old Iranian institution where “ancient sports” are performed in an environment of ideal ethical behaviour in which the normal social structures are transcended by social levelling. The ritual exercises are interpreted in different ways, and this multivocality lends itself to multiple identities among Iranians. Recent developments in Iran have resulted in a greater interest in the institution, suggesting that it is not just a tourist attraction, and suggested reforms of the zūrkhāna indicate that it is undergoing a process of modernisation which can be witnessed in other areas of Iranian society.