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The Pillage of Sustainability in Eritrea, 1600s-1990s: Rural Communities and the Creeping Shadows of Hegemony (review)

This book is the published version of the author's Berkeley dissertation, based upon nine months of field research in rural Eritrea. Taking a nuanced political ecology approach, the author analyses how the successive political-economic structures and state policies of Italian colonialism, Ethiopian rule, and the independent People's Front for Democracy and Justice (PFDJ) have interacted with highly localized, historical, social, cultural, religious, and ecological features of both highland and lowland rural communities. He then draws conclusions and makes policy recommendations to the new state regarding the sustainability and viability of rural communities. The book is valuable to government officials, developmentalists, and Horn specialists focusing on the capitalist global economy's penetration of highly marginalized, small-scale social groupings. Murtaza points out that intrusive administrative policies (including, but not limited to, colonialism) and prolonged war have severely diminished the sustainable productive capacities of Eritrean rural communities, especially in regions where drought and famine hit frequently. The author has conducted original research in a variety of highland and lowland rural communities, taking into account local variations in history, culture, and ecology, as well as gender, class, and ethnic social organization. He pays close attention to how these diverse communities have articulated with the administrative structures of Italian colonialism, Ethiopian rule, and the independent People's Front for Democracy and Justice (PFDJ) regime.