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Revolutionaries to Race Leaders: Black Power and the Making of American Politics (review)

that are internal and domestic, then there’s a violent [Correctional Facility: ‘You have one minute to talk’]” (114). Warfare in the American Homeland demonstrates that any body or text that makes it out of prison is marked. Oscar López Rivera’s oral history of the American occupation of Puerto Rico was “handwritten and mailed in installments to prevent confiscation by guards” (182). Laura Whitehorn tells of a seriously ill woman who was transferred from Connecticut to a Texas prison where she died. Her family reported that when funeral workers opened her casket, her body was—“according to prison regulation—shackled and handcuffed for shipping” (283). Whitehorn compares this offense to the mutilation of enemy soldiers’ corpses. In an experimental essay, James catalogues the complicity and rebellion of girls and women cast as “good soldiers” in cultural hierarchies that ensure poverty, disease, injury, and death. Political prisoners, Marilyn Buck and Carol Gilbert, O.P., further detail the routine humiliation, violence, and threat endured by women in prison. Of interest to many will be the first translation of a pamphlet written by Michel Foucault, Catherine von Bülow, and Daneil Defert and published in France by the Groupe d’Information sur les Prisons [GIP] in November 1971. Focused on the assassination of George Jackson and originally introduced by Jean Genet, the pamphlet attempts to convey who Jackson was and why the U. S. was invested in killing him. James, who has criticized Foucault’s work for its inattention to racist violence, is particularly alert to academic or elite forms of “alliance” with prisoners that, in the name of theory or performance, adopt the political language of the imprisoned while obscuring the actual lives (and names) of people imprisoned. The pamphlet of the GIP might have served as the centerpiece for a different kind of collection; here it is preceded by excerpts from Jackson’s Soledad Brother and Blood in My Eye, and largely overshadowed by the vitality and urgency of the rest of the collection. Warfare in the Homeland seeks to revitalize the possibility of ethical academic work. The academy, as James writes, is not “the most trustworthy of training camps for peace combatants” (4). James brings together dynamic, focused, informed, and as she writes in the introduction, courageous voices to report on the “homeland.” Warfare in the Homeland documents the reach of the U. S. American gulag and charts a needed history of radical resistance and creative struggle.