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Self-Restoration by Smectic Layer Structures of Monostable Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal in Flexible Devices

In this paper, we discuss a self-restoration phenomenon affecting smectic layer deformation and molecular alignment in monostable ferroelectric liquid crystals used for flexible displays. First, the mechanical stability of tilted `bookshelf' structures of smectic layers anchored on substrates using alignment layers was examined by precisely shearing two substrates. The microscopic texture of a monostable ferroelectric liquid crystal showed tolerance to shearing and the self-restoration was thought to be due to a smectic layer reconnection phenomenon, whereas a conventional bistable ferroelectric liquid crystal film generated alignment defects due to the tilting of the stable molecular direction. We then fabricated a flexible monostable device containing fine polymer fiber networks, where anchoring of molecularly aligned polymer fibers led to the observation of monostable liquid crystal switching. A uniform liquid crystal alignment was maintained in a 100 mm×100 mm device even after bending more than 10000 times at a minimum radius of curvature of 20 mm, due to the enhanced shearing tolerance of the smectic layer structure.