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Cloning and sequence analysis of cDNAs encoding mammalian mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase.

A cDNA clone, named ppmMDH-1 and covering a part of the porcine mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (mMDH; L-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.37) mRNA, was isolated from a porcine liver cDNA library with a mixture of 24 oligodeoxyribonucleotides as a probe. The sequences of the probe were deduced from the known sequence of porcine mMDH amino acid residues 288-293. ppmMDH-1 covered the coding region for porcine mMDH amino acid residues 17-314 and the 3' untranslated region. Subsequently, mouse mMDH cDNA clones were isolated from a mouse liver cDNA library with the ppmMDH-1 cDNA as a probe. One of the clones, named pmmMDH-1 and containing a cDNA insert of about 1350 base pairs, was selected for sequence analysis, and the primary structure of the mouse precursor form of mMDH (pre-mMDH) was deduced from its cDNA sequence. The sequenced coding regions for the porcine and mouse mMDH mRNAs showed about 85% homology. When the deduced amino acid sequence of the mouse pre-mMDH was compared with that of the porcine mMDH, they shared a 95% homology, and the mouse pre-mMDH yielded a leader sequence consisting of 24 amino acid residues and a mature mMDH, consisting of 314 amino acid residues. The leader sequence contained three basic amino acid residues, no acidic residues, and no hydrophobic amino acid stretch. The mouse mMDH leader sequence was compared with those of three other rodent mitochondrial matrix proteins.