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Additively decomposable segregation indexes : the case of gender segregation by occupations and human capital levels in Spain

Building upon the ideas first exposed by Theil and Finizza (1971) and Fuchs (1975), this paper presents an
additively decomposable segregation index based on the entropy concept used in information theory. For any
pair of classification variables in a given year, the index is decomposed into a between-group and a withingroup
term. To analyze intertemporal changes in gender segregation for a given partition, the index is
decomposed into two terms that capture, respectively, gender composition effects, and changes in the groups?
demographic importance. These decompositions are illustrated with Spanish data on occupations and human
capital levels for 1977 and 1992. It is found that, in both years, the higher the educational level, the smaller is
gender segregation for all age groups. Moreover, gender segregation decreases with age in all educational
categories. However, most gender segregation takes place within, rather than between, age/education
categories. Lastly, changes in gender composition across occupations, nearly offset by occupational mix
changes, account for a decline of 2% in total gender segregation over this period.