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Inheritance and fitness effects of a pericentric inversion and a supernumerary chromosome segment in Muscari comosum (Liliaceae)

The inheritance and the effects on fitness of a pericentric inversion and a supernumerary chromosome segment (SCS) involving the second chromosome pair of Muscari comosum, have been analysed in an experimental population. Whereas the inversion is inherited in a Mendelian fashion through the female side, the SCS shows a powerful accumulation mechanism (k=0.796). Cases of nonrandom pollination were observed in homozygous bulbs for the standard chromosomes (++) and also in those homozygous for the inverted chromosomes (ii), which may be caused by a certain rate of self-pollination. The different karyotypes for both the inversion and the SCS showed similar values for several life-history traits related to female fitness, such as bulb weight, number of fruits, number of seeds and seed weight. However, plants carrying the inversion had heavier bulbs than those lacking it. The significance of these observations is discussed in relation to the maintenance of the two types of polymorphism in natural populations.