{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.010436432637571158, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0018975332068311196, 'mean_word_length': 5.432926829268292, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Antioxidant response to oxidative stress induced by smoking.

Oxygen free radicals have been hypothesized to play a pivotal role in the deleterious effects of smoking on health. The present study was undertaken to examine the oxidant and antioxidant system among smokers and nonsmokers. Fourteen smokers and 11 nonsmokers were enrolled for this study. The protein carbonyl levels in smokers were found to be significantly higher than in nonsmokers. The levels of plasma ascorbic acid, free sulfhydryl group, and erythrocyte reduced glutathione were lower in smokers compared to nonsmokers. In smokers the erythrocyte activities of both glutathione peroxidase and catalase were decreased when compared to that in nonsmokers. The data from the study reemphasizes the presence of oxidative stress in smokers. The concomitant decrease in the activities of both catalase and glutathione peroxidase found in the erythrocytes of smokers raises rational grounds for expressing concern over the increased susceptibility towards oxidative stress in these subjects.