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Detection of Eye Melanoma Using Artificial Neural Network

Melanoma of the eye is the most common type of cancer affecting the eye, although it is still quite rare. It occurs mainly as a secondary tumor from lung and breast cancers, which are considered the most common cancers in the world. Even though early detection increases the chances of survival, problems occur because of difficulty in diagnosis. Artificial neural network (ANN) is a software program that mimics a biological neural network. It can be programmed to help in classifying and diagnosing the type of cancer. The objective of this research was to program ANN to classify and diagnose the type of eye melanoma. Forty prediagnosed samples (20 malignant and 20 benign) were used for this research. The images obtained were processed and enhanced using median filter and histogram techniques, and the region of interest that was determined by a physician was cropped, and texture features were extracted from it using MATLAB. Finally, using ANN, the cancer was classified as either benign or malignant. Artificial neural network achieved an accuracy of 85%, a sensitivity of 80%, and a specificity of 90%. Furthermore, the system was tested using a prediagnosed malignant image, which tested positive using ANN. Artificial neural network is effective in the classification of eye melanoma and has achieved high levels of accuracy. It is recommended that physicians use ANN to enhance diagnosis, but a training course might be needed to help with the use of the program.