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Borders of the Belarusian Ethnos-nation in the Historical Retrospective

The boundaries of the Belarusian people were determined by the area of settlement of the ancient tribes that form the future Belarusian ethnos-nation and have changed relatively little over the centuries. The ancestors of modern Belarusians were the Slavic tribes Krivichi, Dregovichi and Radimichi, as well as Lithuania. The boundaries of the settlement of the Krivichi according to modern encyclopedic information are the upper reaches of the Western Dvina, Dnieper and Volga, the territory of the present Vitebsk, Mogilev, Pskov, Bryansk and Smolensk regions. The eastern border of the settlement of the Dregovichi tribes was determined along the Dnieper River, the northern border ran from Novo-Bykhov to the northwest along the watershed of the Drut and Berezina rivers to Borisov. The southern border according to data from the Ipatiev list of the Tale of Bygone Years is the Pripyat and Western Dvina rivers. From that source, we know that the Radimich tribes settled in the Sozh River basin. The formation of the Belarusian pro-ethnic group dates back to the time of the formation of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and the Lithuanian tribe played a decisive role in this process, the boundaries of which were precisely determined by N. I. Ermolovich. The chronicle Lithuania lay not far from Minsk: these are Upper Panemonia, Novogradchina, Karelichi lands, the Shchara river (Slonim district) is mentioned as the southern border. At the beginning of the twentieth century academician E. F. Karsky in his monograph «Belarusians», for the first time outlined the boundaries of the Belarusian ethnos. At present a detailed study and analysis of the maps of the settlement of Belarusians in the historical context have been carried out by E. E. Shiryaev in the monograph «White Rus, Black, Lithuania in Maps». In this work attention is drawn to the fact that there is a tendency for the transformation of ethnic Belarusians into Poles on the territory of the Bialystok Voivodeship, which became part of Poland in 1944. On these lands Belarusians have always been the authentic population. Another problem that constantly faced Belarusians in the twentieth century is the problem of the Vilna region. On October 10, 1939 in Moscow an Agreement was signed on the transfer of the city of Vilna and the Vilna region to the Republic of Lithuania. In 1991 the National Democratic Party of Belarus (NDPB) issued a statement in which it was said that the Vilna region should be granted a separate status of state autonomy, and self-government should be formed on the principles of equal representation of «the main peoples: Belarusians, Lithuanians, Poles and Russians». In addition it was proposed to give Vilna the status of a free city and turn it into a European center (The Golden Bridge is in the terminology of the 20–30s).