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Clinical Risk Factors for Multi-Drug Resistance Tuberculosis in Ethiopia: A Meta-Analysis

Background: The main purpose of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the association between clinical risk factors and multi-drug resistance tuberculosis. More specifically, it tried to measure the association of the risk of MDR-TB with HIV serostatus, previous anti-TB, contact history with known TB case and with known MDR-TB case. Methods: A separate meta-analysis was done for commonly reported clinical risk factors of MDR-TB. Literature search strategy includes searching PubMed/Medline, HINARI, EMBASE, and the Google scholar using keywords. Researches written in English, done in Ethiopia, observational studies which assessed the association of MDR-TB with at least one of the most commonly reported clinical risk factors were included. Rev Man 5 used to analyze data. The pooled OR estimated with random-effects model using the Mantel-Haenszel method. The heterogeneity among the studies was assessed with chi-square, I2 and p-values. Publication bias was assessed with funnel plots and trim-and-fill analysis was done with STATA 11 to adjust the report bias.