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Natural Killer Cell Stimulatory Factor (NKSF)/IL‐12 and Cytolytic Activities of PBL/NK Cells from Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type‐1 Infected Patients

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of natural killer stimulatory factor (NKSF/IL‐12) on the cytolytic potential of natural killer (NK) cells from normal donors or HIV‐1 infected individuals, at different stages of disease. The results obtained confirm the powerful ability of 1L‐12 to enhance PBLs cytotoxic activity to tumour cells in normals and in those HIV‐1 infected patients, with maintained cytotoxic activity. IL‐12 was however poorly effective in enhancing the cytolytic potential of any donors. Similar results were obtained adding IL‐2, even at doses as high as 100 IU/ml in patients with CD4 number below 200/mm3. These results should be taken into account when designing therapeutic trials of HIV‐1 infection based on cytokines.