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Reliability of PET activation across statistical methods, subject groups, and sample sizes

Four pixel‐based methods for estimating regional activation in positron emission tomography (PET) images were implemented so as to allow the comparison of their performances in the same dataset. Change distribution analysis, Worsley's method, a pixelwise general linear model, a nonparametric method, and several methods derived from them were investigated. Important technical factors, including the degree of smoothing, stereotactic transform, coregistration algorithm, search volume, and the volumetric alpha level, were held constant. The dataset, which was obtained with a verb generation paradigm, was large enough to permit assessment of concordance between independent samples of conventional size, as well assessment of within‐cohort replicability. (Eighteen normal subjects performed four GENERATE‐READ pairs each.) Same‐task (noise) images were also analyzed.