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Combined natural convection and radiation in presence of internal heat generation source in absorbing-emitting-scattering medium

Numerical investigation of combined laminar natural convection and volumetric
 radiation with internal heat generation is presented in this paper and
 computations are performed for a grey gas-filled square cavity whose
 horizontal walls are adiabatic and vertical walls are differentially heated.
 The convection is treated under Boussinesq approximation by an approach
 based on finite-volumes and the volumetric radiation by the discrete
 ordinates method. Flow and heat transfer characteristics through isotherms,
 streamlines and average Nusselt numbers have been presented for an external
 Rayleigh number 106, internal Rayleigh number 0 to 4x1012, optical thickness 0 to
 10 and Albedo 0 to 1. Representative results illustrating the effects of the
 optical thickness and the internal heat generation on the flow and the
 temperature distribution within the cavity are presented. The results reveal
 that the fluid flow and heat transfer are influenced significantly by the
 volumetric radiation and the internal heat generation. By comparing the
 solutions in pure convection, the results in combined convection-volumetric
 radiation show that when the medium is participating, the effect of internal
 source presence is very important.