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EFFECTS OF PSYCHOSTIMULANTS ON AGGRESSION

A review of the literature on the relation between psychostimulants drugs and aggression leads to the following conclusions. 1) In laboratory animals, small and moderate acute doses of the major stimulants (as dextroamphetamine) generally either reduce or have no effect on aggression, whereas high doses and chronic moderate to high doses of these drugs increase aggression in most species. 2) In man, aggression is not produced by the major Federal Drug Administration licensed psychostinmlants, except in doses which produce a paranoid psychosis. Such doses are customarily, although not uniformly, high. The drug-intoxicated person's aggression then is characteristically a defensive response to frightening delusions. 3) Children with hyperactivity and aggressive behavior usually respond to stimulant medication with reduced fighting, defiance, and impulsiveness. The effect of the drug on aggression may be separate from its effect on hyperactivity. 4) Hyperactive, aggressive adolescents respond to stimulants with the same benefits as do hyperactive children. The available data on the human response to stimulants suggest a need to better evaluate low dose amphetamine effects on aggression in adolescents and adults.