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Simultaneous approach for simulation of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor

The simulation of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor pebble-bed module (HTR-PM) plant is discussed. This lumped parameter model has the form of a set differential algebraic equations (DAEs) that include stiff equations to model point neutron kinetics. The nested approach is the most common method to solve DAE, but this approach is very expensive and time-consuming due to inner iterations. This paper deals with an alternative approach in which a simultaneous solution method is used. The DAEs are discretized over a time horizon using collocation on finite elements, and Radau collocation points are applied. The resulting nonlinear algebraic equations can be solved by existing solvers. The discrete algorithm is discussed in detail; both accuracy and stability issues are considered. Finally, the simulation results are presented to validate the efficiency and accuracy of the simultaneous approach that takes much less time than the nested one.