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Nationalism in the French Basque Country

Abstract The aim of this article is to analyse the recent evolution of nationalism in the French Basque Country. After considering some of the factors that explain its weak electoral showing, which contrasts with its strength in the cultural and economic spheres, we present the axes of its present-day consolidation: its role in the development policies started by the authorities in the 1990s, and its role in the policies that postulate the institutionalization of the French Basque Country. Both factors have made it possible for nationalism to occupy a key position in the local political debate.