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Editorial: Can modern vaccine technology pursue the success of traditional vaccine manufacturing?

Manufacturing of vaccines for human use has been quite conservative in the past; and yes, there is a long and successful history in the production of efficient and safe vaccines protecting against a number of viral and bacterial diseases such as polio, influenza, measles, tick-borne encephalitis and many others. In the majority of cases, antigen expression systems and manufacturing technologies are still based on traditional processes, however, vaccine technology has evolved significantly over the last one or two decades, profoundly changing the future of vaccine design, development and production. This may be reflected in restructuring, mergers and acquisitions as well as reorientation of major pharma companies. With the continuous threat of influenza pandemics and the outbreak of Ebola in 2014, it is evident that there is an urgent need to find new answers to combat infectious diseases. In particular, it is important to make efficacious and safe vaccines faster available for the worldwide population, and to reduce response time to emerging threats. In addition, more flexibility, new production platforms and an open mind for innovative ideas are even more important than ever. Synthetic vaccine candidates, structure-based antigen design, new cell lines, and novel delivery systems are just a few of the realizations of this effort. The development of production processes as well as vaccination approaches nowadays benefits from a support of functional genomics, comparative genomics, and proteomics. Detailed insights in the function of our immune system and in the behavior of pathogenic organisms and their interaction with the host on a molecular level pave the way to unravel yet unknown factors that must be considered for vaccine design.