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Coping Mechanisms to Mitigate Occupational Stress by Women in Accra Metropolis

Everyone experiences stress in different life situations. In particular, 
occupational stress affects the performance of employees positively or negatively 
depending on their perception and the personality traits. This paper addresses 
how women in managerial positions in the Accra Metropolis manage the occupational 
stresses they experience in the discharge of their duties. The convenient 
purposive sampling technique was used to select 10 females from 150 women in managerial positions in government 
institutions in the Accra Metropolis. A structured interview guide based on 
Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised OSI-R was used to collect data from the 10 women and analysed using factor analysis. The study 
revealed that respondents managed their stresses by employing recreation, 
social support, and self-care. Even 
though, some of the women unknowingly adopted rationalization or 
rational-cognitive defence mechanisms to cope with the stresses they 
experience, none of them used popular stress reducing techniques such as yoga 
and physical exercise to cope with their stresses. The resilience of these women coupled with the formulation and 
implementation of formidable policies, provision of conducive working 
environment and the requisite resources by employers will go a long way to 
alleviate the women’s stresses while promoting their good health and 
productivity. This research paper 
addresses the strategies adopted by Ghanaian women in managerial position to 
manage their stresses and proposes that individual differences and religiosity 
of persons should be taken into consideration when counselling people on stress 
management.