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Interferon gamma causes olfactory dysfunction without concomitant neuroepithelial damage

Olfactory loss is a debilitating symptom of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The pathophysiology of inflammatory olfactory dysfunction likely involves both conductive and sensorineural components. To study the interaction of CRS‐associated inflammatory cytokines with the olfactory epithelium (OE), a transgenic mouse model was developed that allows temporally‐controlled local gene expression. Interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) is a prototypical T helper 1 (Th1) cytokine linked to nonpolypoid CRS (CRSsNP), as well as sinonasal viral and bacterial infections. In this study, the effects of chronic IFN‐γ expression on olfactory histology and function were investigated.