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Modeling Liquid−Liquid Equilibrium of Ionic Liquid Systems with NRTL, Electrolyte-NRTL, and UNIQUAC

Characterization of liquid−liquid equilibrium (LLE) in systems that contain ionic liquids (ILs) is important in evaluating ILs as candidates for replacing traditional extraction and separation solvents. Although an increasing amount of experimental LLE data is becoming available, comprehensive coverage of ternary liquid-phase behavior via experimental observation is impossible. Therefore, it is important to model the LLE of mixtures that contain ILs. Experimental binary and ternary LLE data that involve ILs can be correlated using standard excess Gibbs energy models. However, the predictive capability of these models in this context has not been widely studied. In this paper, we study the effectiveness with which excess Gibbs energy models can be used to predict ternary LLE solely from binary measurements. This is a stringent test of the suitability of various models for describing LLE in systems that contain ILs. Three different excess Gibbs free energy models are evaluated:  the non-random two-liquid (N...