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Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) Control Activities in Kano State, North West Nigeria: Progress so Far

Background. The emergence of MDR TB poses a great treat to global health. Progress in response to the global MDR/RR-TB crisis is dismal. There is need to intensify efforts. Methods We mapped the gene experts in Kano state. We reviewed the MDR-TB patients line list using the National tuberculosis and leprosy control program (TBLCP) line listing template. The data was analyzed using Epi Info version 3.5.4 and Microsoft Excel 2007. Results The number of Cepheid gene Xpert machines increased from 1 in 2013 to 18 in 15 (34.1%) of the 44 LGAs in 2018. A total of 288 MDR TB cases were managed in 2017 and 2018 in Kano state, of which 262 (90.1%) were cases identified within the 2 years, 26 (9.0%) were referred in from other states. Of the 288 cases managed, 225 (78.1%,) were enrolled, 6 (2.1%), died, 8 (2.7%) refused enrollment and 18 (6.3%) loss to follow up. Of the 68151 reported and tested cases, 60479 (88.7%) were MTB negative, 7672 (11.3%) were MTB positive. Of the 7672 MTB positive cases, 7313 (95.3%) were drug sensitive (DS MTB), 280 (3.7%) were MDR TB and 79 (1.0%) were indeterminate. Conclusions We conclude that there is progress in the MDR TB control program of Kano state with number of gene Xpert machines increased over time. We found improvement in MDR TB enrollment rate by 24.4% from 2017 to 2018. However, there is need to intensify tracking of MDR TB cases for enrollment.