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The impact of emotional competence on the coping strategies among specialists of extreme jobs

The authors discuss specifics of coping strategies which representatives of extreme jobs tend to demonstrate in stressful conditions; we examine coping strategies through various parameters, including channels of empathy, self-regulation, and emotional intelligence. A coping strategy aims at effective adaptation to the requirements of the complicated situation, allowing to soften, avoid or get used to them, and minimize the stressful influence on the decision-making. At the same time, coping strategies help the employees of extreme professions to maintain their physical and mental health and satisfy their need for social relationships. The extreme jobs also include penal system representatives, such as guards, execution controllers, inspectors of the security department, and operational department servicemen working in conditions of growing stress. In order to identify the features of choosing the strategies of coping behavior by this category of specialists, we tested representatives of the Office of the Federal Penitentiary Service for the Stavropol Region (Stavropol), using a comprehensive methodology including the Emin Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (D.V.Lyusin), the questionnaire “Methods of coping behavior” (by R.Lazarus), the questionnaire “Differential type of reflection” (D.A.Leontiev, E.M.Lapteva, E.N.Osin, A.J.Salikhova), “Diagnosis of the level of empathy” (developed by V.V.Boiko), the questionnaire “Style of behavior-SSP-98” developed by V.I.Morosanova. As a result of the study, we found out that most respondents have a well-developed interpersonal emotional intelligence, systemic reflection, high level of self-regulation and, together with that, quite low level of empathy.