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Quantum Non-thermal Effect from Black Holes Surrounded by Quintessence

We present a short and direct derivation of Hawking radiation as a tunneling process across the horizon and compute the tunneling probability. Considering the self-gravitation and energy conservation, we use the Keskiy Vakkuri, Kraus, and Wilczek (KKW) analysis to compute the temperature and entropy of the black holes surrounded by quintessence and obtain the temperature and entropy are different from the Hawking temperature and the Bekenstein–Hawking entropy. The result we get can offer a possible mechanism to deal with the information loss paradox because the spectrum is not purely thermal.