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Experimental study and finite element analysis of T‐shaped precast shear walls with H‐shaped shear keys

To achieve an effective horizontal connection between the flange and web of a prefabricated T‐shaped shear wall and ensure the seismic performance of the joint, a prefabricated T‐shaped reinforced concrete (RC) shear wall with H‐shaped shear keys (HSKs) is developed in this study through tests of full‐scale specimens, finite element (FE) parametric analysis, and deriving design equations. To facilitate transportation and installation, the flange and web of this T‐shaped shear wall are composed of several precast wall panels without protruding parts. The HSKs are welded between these wall panels to transfer the out‐of‐plane load of the flange wall and the in‐plane load of the web wall. The target mechanical properties of the HSK can be accurately designed by adjusting its geometric parameters such as the shape, height, thickness, and the core area width. Based on the test results, a FE model of the HSK shear wall is established, and parametric analysis is carried out to optimize its design. Finally, based on the design target of both yield force and yield displacement, a double‐target design approach is proposed to meet the different seismic requirements of HSK shear walls at different storeys.