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Concentrations of nutrients in mouse oviduct fluid and their effects on embryo development and metabolism in vitro.

An ultramicrofluorometric technique was used to analyse the nutrient composition of mouse oviduct fluid. The concentrations of pyruvate, glucose and lactate in the vicinity of the cumulus mass were 0.37, 3.40 and 4.79 mM respectively. In the absence of cumulus cells, the concentration of pyruvate was significantly reduced, to 0.14 mM, while the concentration of glucose was significantly increased to 5.19 mM. Glutamine, which may help to overcome the '2-cell block' in mouse embryos in culture, was present at a concentration of 0.20 mM. A modified medium (MTF) in which the concentration of nutrients was similar to that in mouse oviduct fluid was prepared and its effects on embryo development and metabolism in vitro were compared with that of a conventional embryo culture medium (M16). The percentage of zygotes forming blastocysts in vitro by Day 5 was similar in both media (82% in M16, 79% in MTF). Rates of development, as assessed by cell number, were also comparable. However, the proportion of glucose consumed which was converted to lactate increased dramatically following culture; from 44% in fresh blastocysts, to 73% and 91% in blastocysts derived from 8-cell embryos cultured for 24 h in media MTF and M16 respectively.