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How Wide Should the Actual Innocence Gateway Be? An Attempt to Clarify the Miscarriage of Justice Exception for Federal Habeas Corpus Proceedings

This Note posits that the actual innocence standard for presenting new evidence to a habeas court should be further narrowed to exclude newly presented evidence. The gateway to the petitioner's constitutional habeas claims should be limited by a prerequisite that the petitioner present newly discovered evidence to support a claim of actual innocence. Part I of this Note discusses relevant background information on the writ of habeas corpus, including the specific requirements imposed on habeas petitioners by federal legislation. Part II addresses the current state of the law regarding the actual innocence exception in federal habeas corpus cases. Part III compares the "newly discovered" standard with the "newly presented" standard based on case law and policy concerns surrounding habeas corpus relief. Part IV takes a brief look at three states' approaches to dealing with the issue for additional guidance regarding which standard of evidence should govern. Finally, Part V concludes that U.S. courts should adopt the uniform approach that new evidence in an actual innocence habeas claim must be newly discovered evidence.