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CSF levels of the BACE1 substrate Neuregulin1 correlate with cognition and synaptic biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease

The presynaptic protein Neuregulin1 (Nrg1) is cleaved by BACE 1 like amyloid precursor protein (APP), can activate post‐synaptic ErbB4 receptors and has been linked to schizophrenia. The couple Nrg1/ErbB4 is neuroprotective, can trigger synaptogenesis and plasticity and increases the expression of NMDA and GABA receptors. In addition this couple can also induce neuroinflammation and can reduce memory formation. In Alzheimer’s disease (AD) Nrg1 accumulates in neuritic plaques. It is therefore difficult to determine if Nrg1 has beneficial and/or detrimental effects in AD. BACE 1 levels are increased in AD brains and CSF, but no study has assessed CSF Nrg1 levels in AD and MCI‐ AD patients.