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FUNCTIONAL MORPHOLOGY OF ADIPOSE TISSUE AND ITS ROLE IN THE FORMATION OF METABOLIC SYNDROME

The article provides an overview of modern literature on the morphological and functional features of adipose tis- sue, as an organ that performs endocrine and immune function. Obesity plays a leading role in the formation of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. An increase in the mass of visceral adipose tissue leads to the dysregulation of the secretion of adipocytokines, which have a direct or indirect effect on the implementation of the effects of insulin in peripheral tissues and glucose metabolism, systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, atherogenic status, accel- erating the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus and other pathological conditions preceding their occurrence.