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Analytical, Numerical and Experimental Analysis of the Dynamic Behavior of a Cutting Tool

Both the manufacturers of cutting machines and the manufacturers of cutting tools aim to increase the quality of the products in the final processing phase. The irregularities presented by the machined surfaces of some workpieces characterize their roughness and are highlighted either by their texture or by their appearance. Cutting parameters, i.e. speed, feed rate and cutting depth can induce vibrations in the cutting tool whose traces left on the surface of the machined part influence their quality.The use of the Finite Element Method (FEM) in the Modal Analysis (MA) of the behavior of a cutting tool offers the possibility to determine the shape of the natural vibration modes and the corresponding natural frequencies. This paper presents the use of Laser Doppler Vibrometry (LDV) for the experimental determination of the modal parameters of a cutting instrument following the analysis of free vibrations resulting from the application of a short-term mechanical impulse. The processing of the signals acquired through LDV was done applying the Prony Series Method (PSM). At the same time, a comparative analysis is made regarding the values of the natural frequencies of a cutting tool resulting from the analytical modeling, numerical and with the experimental results.