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Slave fermions, slave bosons, and semions from bosonization of the two-dimensional t-J model.

We extend Abelian and non-Abelian bosonization formulas found in a previous paper, in combination with coherent-state methods, to present a systematic derivation of the slave-fermion, slave-boson, and semion representations of the two-dimensional t-J model in path-integral form. The slave-fermion and slave-boson representations are shown to arise from two different gauge fixing constraints introduced in the path-integral representation of the bosonized t-J model. For each representation we discuss the approximations leading to a mean-field theory. In the mean-field theory based on the semion representation, the holons are shown to be «Dirac semions»