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Optimal Sizing of Grid-Tied Solar PV for Transmission Congestion Management in a Deregulated System using LMP Analysis

In deregulated power system, it is desired to transmit power to every part of the network without any limits resulting from congestion and as a result avoiding inefficiencies in generation dispatch. In order to reduce congestion in the transmission lines, a new approach to manage transmission congestion and improve social welfare is proposed in this research. This approach consists of optimal sizing and placement of grid-tied solar PV system using LMP analysis for congestion management and maximization of social welfare. The LMP and congestion rent (CR) at each node of the system are obtained from the Lagrange multiplier associated with OPF formulation to determine the optimal location of solar power plant. With optimal sizing and placement, a grid-tied solar PV system has the ability to reduce power losses, improve voltage profile and power quality. Since solar power is a random and intermittent energy, the sizing of solar PV system is done by taking into account the power variation of the solar system. The results show that the proposed approach gives better results, reduced congestion in the system while maximizing social welfare is. The proposed methods are implemented on the modified IEEE 30-bus test system.