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S-Band radar dual polarization observations of winter storms

The CSU-CHILL radar has collected data from a number of winter storms that have affected northeastern Colorado in recent years. These have primarily been target of opportunity operations in which various dual polarization data collection procedures and antenna scanning patterns have been tested. Examinations of the resultant data archives reveal characteristic patterns in the dual polarization data fields observed during major winter storms. The pattern of interest in this paper is the development of mesoscale regions of modest S-Band specific propagation phase (Kdp) values (~0.2 0.6 km) that occur near the -15C environmental temperature level; a feature that has been noted by Trapp et al. (2001). The vertical stratification of additional radar data fields (primarily reflectivity and differential reflectivity (Zdr)) imply that the elevated maximum Kdp layer is associated with active ice crystal growth and aggregation processes. A radar backscattering model is used to gain additional insights into the dual polarization data values expected from various populations of crystaline and low density aggregatetype ice particles.