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Characteristic endoscopic images of gallbladder lesions in resected post‐cholecystectomy specimens

Gallbladder (GB) lesions are usually diagnosed using imaging modalities since even the bile cytology has a limited accuracy rate1 . Newly developed cholangioscopies enable targeted biopsy of bile duct lesions and classify benign and malignant lesions based on a speculum of biliary imaging findings2-4 . In our previous experience using cholangioscopy for diagnosing GB carcinoma5 , we expected that several GB lesions may be also endoscopically distinguished. Herein, we describe the characteristic endoscopic findings of major GB lesions.