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Release Of Vasoactive Peptides From The Trigeminovascular System Of Man And Cat

Investigations in the experimental animal have sought to characterize this facial vasodilator response of the trigeminovascular system. Gonzales and associates produced increases in skin temperature in the cutaneous distribution of the appropriate divisions of the trigeminal sensory nerve by stimulation of the ganglion and discrete branches. These observations have been corroborated to an extent and characterized in that an increase in extracerebral blood flow has been recorded after trigeminal ganglion stimulation in the monkey. In the cat this vasodilator response is thought to be 80% mediated by the facial (greater superficial petrosal (GSP)) nerve dilator pathway and '20% by antidromic activation of the trigeminal system. The facial/GSP response is mediated through the sphencpalatine (pterygopalatine) and otic ganglia and employs the peptide neurotransmitter vasoactive intestinal polypeptide.