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Evaluation of the anemic condition of type 2 diabetes cases of the city of Lubumbashi.

BACKGROUND
Many non- hormonal abnormalities can be observed in type 2 diabetes, including hematological disturbances and especially anemia.


AIM
Determine biological characteristics of anemia in type 2 diabetes.


METHODS
This is a case-control study conducted from June to August 2014 in Lubumbashi (Democratic Republic of Congo) where assays of serum hemoglobin (Hb) , measuring the mean corpuscular volume (MCV ) and the calculation of the rate hematocrit ( Hct ) were done in 30 people with type 2 diabetes (group I ) and in 30 other considered healthy with a normal rate of glucose ( group II). The results obtained were compared in the two groups and the level of significance was set at p <0.05.


RESULTS
Seventeen patients with diabetes (57 %) had anemia, the mean age of patients was 55 ± 8.1 years for men and 48 ± 4.1 years in women. Hypo hemoglobin was found in 53 % of cases in male diabetics , reduced MCV in 47 % of cases and a filtration rate decrease glomerular in 33 % of cases. In the group of female diabetic patients, 60% of cases showed a hypo hemoglobin , MCV and decreased in 33 % of cases and a filtration rate decrease glomerular in 20 % of cases. In contrast, in the control groups of both sexes, the parameters studied rates remained in the standard.


CONCLUSION
Anemia is often found in diabetic patients. Its etiology appears to be dominated by the presence of diabetic nephropathy, in which the kidneys are affected by hyperglycemia and erythropoietin is affected and not known to produce red blood cells. These anemias rarely require a blood transfusion and well conducted etiological treatment allows the correction of the anemia.