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Different biological properties of circulating and bone marrow endothelial progenitor cells in acute myocardial infarction rats.

BACKGROUND
Many studies have shown that endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) can enhance the neovascularization of the ischemic myocardium. Peripheral blood and bone marrow are the most convenient resources for EPC.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study was to investigate, in vitro and in vivo, the different biological properties between circulating EPC (CEPC) and bone marrow EPC (BM-EPC) of AMI rats.


METHODS
The proliferative, migrative, adherent and angiogenic properties were investigated in vitro. 1 x 10 (6) CEPCs, 1 x 10 (6) BM-EPCs and medium (EBM-2) were injected in the myocardium of AMI rats. Echocardiography, regional myocardial blood flow (RMBF), capillary density and Y chromosome fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were performed at 4 weeks after transplantation.


RESULTS
The CEPCs had higher proliferative, migrative, adherent capabilities and lower senescent ratio, could adhere more quickly to fibronectin than BM-EPCs. CEPCs could form capillary-like structures whereas BM-EPCs did not show similar structures on Matrigel. in vivo, transplanted CEPCs and BM-EPCs were found in cardiac tissue by FISH. CEPCs treatment led to a better cardiac function, RMBF and capillary density than BM-EPCs.


CONCLUSION
Different biological properties were observed between CEPCs and BM-EPCs. Autologous CEPCs are more suitable for the AMI rat.