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The conception and instrumentalisation of legislation on equal opportunities for men and women: programmed not to succeed

The first section gives an overall presentation of reflection about the conceptual approach which dominated the initial formulation and developments in the law on equality between men and women in contemporary Western legal systems. The importance accorded to the concept of formal equality and the anti-discriminatory approach contributes to reduce drastically the scope and effectiveness of legislation on equality. The only possible way out of the impasse of abstract and theoretical equality is to change paradigms and base gender equality on parity, in other words recognising the fundamental right of equality between women and men. This right imposes equal status and an obligation to take the measures necessary to implement it effectively.