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A problem-solution based framework for writing the introductions of research articles in electronic and communication engineering: Pedagogical implications

Research writing is an important element in postgraduate education. Studies on the structure of research articles have formed a field of research in itself. Of all the sections of a research article, the rhetorical structure of the introduction has been the most widely studied. Create a Research Space (CaRS) developed by Swales is a popular framework in research writing and has been used by researchers to analyze the introductions of research articles across disciplines. Observing that Hoey's Problem-Solution Pattern (PSP) is a natural structure of engineering research and can be used as an effective contextualization tool to present a research work, the present study introduces a variant of CaRS that replaces the first part of the original framework with PSP. This integrated framework was used to analyze the introductions of 13 journal papers which have won IEEE Marconi Prize Award in the field of Wireless Communication from year 2003 to 2016, and another 20 IEEE journal papers in the field of Antenna Propagation and Medical Imaging. It is found that the framework is able to capture the rhetorical structures of most of the papers analyzed. This attests to the value of the framework as effective writing guidelines, especially for novice researchers.