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Evaluation of some Bread Wheat Genotypes under Soil Salinity Conditions

The present study was carried-out at the Experimental Farm of Sakha Agricultural Research Station, during the two growing season 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons to evaluate sixteen bread wheat genotypes including, 12 promising lines from the local breeding program in addition to four Egyptian cultivars (Giza 171, Sakha93, Sakha95 and Misr3) under normal and soil salinity conditions. The genotypes were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications in each condition. The results indicated significant decrease for most studied characteristics by soil salinity. Results based on cluster analysis indicated that Sakha 95 and Giza171 exhibited the highest grain yield under both conditions, moderate values for both yield reduction ratio and stress susceptibility index especially for Sakha 95, moderate values of physiological characters and protein content but they gave the lowest values of both wet and dry gluten contents. So, that Sakha 95 was considered to be moderate tolerant to soil salinity. Otherwise, Line 4, Line 10 and Misr 3 gave a moderate grain yield at both condition. However, there was insignificant difference in grain yield between Misr 3, Sakha 95 and Giza 171 under soil salinity. Also, Line 4, Line 10 and Misr 3 recorded lowest values for both yield reduction ratio and stress susceptibility index, maximum values for physiological characters and moderate values for quality characters. These genotypes considered as a tolerant genotypes to soil salinity and might be used as parents in breeding programs to produce new genotypes with desirable characters related to soil salinity tolerance.