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High power picosecond fiber lasers for Raman microscopies

Nonlinear microscopies based on coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) have demonstrated important capabilities for non-invasive label-free imaging of biological samples [1, 2]. In contrast to other nonlinear microscopies, Raman imaging is best performed with excitation pulses in the 2-7 ps range, which overlap spectrally with the desired Raman resonances. There is interest in performing CARS and SRS imaging with femtosecond pulses or picosecond/femtosecond combinations, or with chirped femtosecond pulses. This article will outline the challenges associated with the demonstration of a picosecond fiber source for Raman microscopies, and assess approaches to such a source.