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Navigator‐free metabolite‐cycled proton spectroscopy of the heart

Respiratory gating in cardiac water‐suppressed (WS) proton spectroscopy leads to long and unpredictable scan times. Metabolite cycling allows to perform frequency and phase correction on the water signal and, hence, offers an approach to navigator‐free cardiac spectroscopy with fixed scan time. The objective of the present study was to develop and implement navigator‐free metabolite‐cycled cardiac proton spectroscopy (MC nonav) and compare it with standard navigator‐gated WS (WS nav) and navigator‐free WS (WS nonav) measurements for the assessment of triglyceride‐to‐water ratios (TG/W) and creatine‐to‐water ratios (CR/W) in the intraventricular septum of the in vivo heart.