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PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHER IN MODERN WORLD

Primary school is the oldest unit in the system of education. In modern world it is the primary school teachers that make up the biggest part of the total number of teachers since the world is developing unevenly and in many developing countries only elementary stage of education is widely accessible. Due to the mass character of the primary school teacher profession the study of the position of the teacher in different countries remains a topical direction in comparative pedagogical researches. The article presents the analysis of the most widely spread parameters and characteristics of the primary school teacher in modern world, their work, peculiarities of training and further professional development. The statistics show the uneven increase of the number of primary school teachers: the biggest rise takes place in the developing countries as the result of the mass character of elementary education there. The number of teachers in the developing countries increases following the decrease of class size and the introduction of new teacher categories. A firm indicator of the primary school teacher is feminization. There are different approaches to the assessment of the teachers’ work. Working conditions differ as well, which manifests itself in the “teacher–students” coefficient ratio and the teaching workload. All this predetermines the high importance of the problem of professional training of teachers. According to the implemented reforms higher pedagogical education is generally recognized for professional development of a teacher. It is represented by different types of educational establishments. Primary education will continue to be the most massive part of the educational systems of all countries of the world - developed and developing - and therefore, among all the world's teachers, there will be the largest number of primary school teachers. Every country will always need the most primary school teachers. Accordingly, the study of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the primary school teacher's profession, as well as his training and professional development in different countries, will always be a relevant topic of comparative research.