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Wiedemann-Beckwith syndrome, imprinting, IGF2, and H19: implications for hemihyperplasia, associated neoplasms, and overgrowth.

By now there are some 450 reported cases of the Wiedemann-Beckwith syndrome (WBS). Patients generally fit into one of three categories: those that occur sporadically and who have normal chromosomes; those with chromosome anomalies, most commonly duplication involving the 11p15.5 region; and those with autosomal dominant pedigrees and expression almost exclusively in individuals born to female carriers. Linkage to the 11p15.5 region has been demonstrated in families with informative RFLP markers. Research has progressed rapidly in this area and a number of explanations for the three categories of WBS are possible. Further studies are essential. Here I review one possible explanation which, if true, raises questions about hemihyperplasia, associated neoplasms, and high birth weights in WBS. 17 refs.