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The Status of School Health in Pediatric Residency Training

esidency education in the latter half of the 1990s has seen a decided shift toward a renewed emphasis on primary care. The result of that trend is an increased proportion ofmedical students opting for primary care disciplines, particularly pediatrics, as evidenced by the 1998 National Resident Matching Program published data.' For nearly 20 years, since the publication of American Academy of Pediatrics Task Force on Pediatric Resident Education (1978),2 pediatrics has been attempting to emphasize primary care and community-based activities as part of training. Follow-up studies, however, including our own (1994),3 failed to document a significant change in training. In its published program requirementsfor residency education in pediatrics, the Residency Review Committee identified community experiences, particularly school health, as a required part of pediatric resident training.4 The prototypical experience for pediatric community medicine is school health. Surveys of American Academy of Pediatrics fellows have suggested that many pediatricians in practice are involved in school health but in fact feel ill-prepared.5 Through its Committee of School Health and Section on School Health, the American Academy of Pediatrics launched a new initiative to enhance capacity and awareness of school health among both pediatricians and pediatric residents.6 This study was undertaken to survey the state of school health training in pediatric residencies in the United States and compare these current findings to those previously published from the early 1990s. Such data will provide support to all efforts to improve school health training and education.