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Robust Online Obstacle Detection and Tracking for Collision-Free Navigation of Multirotor UAVs in Complex Environments

Object detection and tracking is a challenging task, especially for unmanned aerial robots in complex environments where both static and dynamic objects are present. It is, however, essential for ensuring safety of the robot during navigation in such environments. In this work we present a practical online approach which is based on a 2D LIDAR. Unlike common approaches in the literature of modeling the environment as 2D or 3D occupancy grids, our approach offers a fast and robust method to represent the objects in the environment in a compact form, which is significantly more efficient in terms of both memory and computation in comparison with the former. Our approach is also capable of classifying objects into categories such as static and dynamic, and tracking dynamic objects as well as estimating their velocities with reasonable accuracy.