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Iniquidades nas contribuições das fontes de financiamento da saúde na Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares no Brasil

Objective: to analyze the Incidence in Financing (FIA), both structural and effective, from the sources of health financing, found in the Family Budget Survey 2008/2009 and the distribution of these contributions in the population according to their power of consumption. Methodology: The data from the Family Budget Survey 2008/2009 were used as a data source, from where the sources of financing (public and private) of the health system in Brazil were obtained. These sources were analyzed in reference to the per capita consumption power of the population to assess their progressivity, regressivity or proportionality, by using indices of concentration, Gini and Kakwani. For this, the study used the Stata 12 and ADePT statistical programs of the World Bank. Results: direct payments in health maintained a regressive distribution, while payments with health insurance and direct taxes were progressive and proportional respectively. The consolidation of the three financing sources was determined as proportional by having a Kakwani index of -0.0349. The Gini index showed that health expenditures are even less equitable than the general distribution of resources among the population (0.598). Conclusions: the public budget is not sufficient to meet all the needs of the Unified Health System and the contributions of the financing sources are not progressive and this may be one of the causes of the increase in poverty and financial catastrophes of the Brazilian population.