{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.013559322033898305, 'fraction_numerical': 0.005084745762711864, 'mean_word_length': 5.15625, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
High power water switches: postbreakdown phenomena and dielectric recovery

The physical processes following the electrical breakdown of water between planar and hemispherical electrodes separated by a sub-millimeter gap have been studied using electrical and optical diagnostics. The expanding plasma column after breakdown generates first shockwaves and at a later stage a vapor bubble which expands for about 200 /spl mu/s and then decays with a time constant of I ms. The bubble decay time determines the dielectric recovery of the switch as has been shown with pulse-probe experiments.