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THE ACTIVATION OF THIAMINE DIPHOSPHATASE BY ATP IN RAT BRAIN

1 Thiamine diphosphatase (TDPase) of brain was activated by a low concentration of ATP. 2 In thiamine‐deficient rats TDPase activity in the brain increased significantly relative to that in pair‐fed animals, while in liver it decreased by the same amount as in the pair‐fed controls. 3 Liver TDPase was localized almost entirely in the soluble fraction, but in the brain it was bound to insoluble protein. On treatment with Triton X‐100 brain TDPase activity increased. 4 The ATP content of the brain of deficient rats, but not the ADP or AMP content, was significantly higher than in the control group. The level of inorganic phosphate in the brain and spinal cord of deficient animals was elevated markedly, while that of P‐creatine was unchanged. 5 The possible roles of brain TDPase in relation to nerve conduction and the blood‐brain barrier are discussed.