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[Clinical and roentgenological study of the hands in synbrachydactyly, constriction band syndrome and cleft hand complex].

One hundred and six cases of synbrachydactyly, 63 cases of constriction band syndrome and 69 cases of cleft hand complex were clinically and roentgenologically studied and the following results were obtained. Synbrachydactyly is a group of hand anomalies in which the bone reduction appears transversely, and its severest form is a hand missing all the hand bones and the distal portion of the forearm, and with rudimentary digits on the stump. The association of dermal syndactyly or pectoralis muscle defect frequently seen in the milder cases of synbrachydactyly would be a secondary change to mesodermal hypoplasia or a related, but isolated malformation. Cleft hand complex which includes ordinary cleft hand, central ray polydactyly and central ray osseous syndactyly is a group of hand anomalies basically due to an ectodermal abnormality of separation of the digits. However, it is frequently associated with mesodermal hypoplasia or defect of various severity. The hand malformation in constriction band syndrome has a definite characteristic that the area of bone reduction is limited in phalanges.