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Recent development of biomedical research at the Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences in Prague.

Since its establishment in 1954, the Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences (till 1992, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences) focused on normal physiology and pathophysiology, namely on neurophysiology, specific aspects of metabolism and cardiovascular research. This complex yet well-defined approach provided a synergism in studies of specific problems, while most of the research projects could benefit from intramural collaborations of scientists specialized in different fields. In this respect, the Institute of Physiology represents a unique center of biomedical research in the Czech Republic. Two major goals are a) to uncover and characterize basic biological mechanisms and b) to help public health by improving prevention, diagnostics and treatment of serious disease states. These mainly include cardiovascular diseases, obesity and diabetes mellitus, inherited metabolic disorders, neurological and psychiatric disorders, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, and several others. Scientists at the Institute of Physiology contributed significantly to the above described areas of research, as summarized in the special issue of this journal published in 2014, at the occasion of the 60-year’s anniversary of the Institute of Physiology