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Analysis of Fitting Degree of MRI and PET Images in Simultaneous MRPET Images by Machine Learning Neural Networks

Simultaneous MR-PET imaging is a fusion of MRI using various parameters and PET images using various nuclides. In this paper, we performed analysis on the fitting degree between MRI and simultaneous MR-PET images and between PET and simultaneous MR-PET images. For the fitness analysis by neural network learning, feature parameters of experimental images were extracted by discrete wavelet transform (DWT), and the extracted parameters were used as input data to the neural network. In comparing the feature values extracted by DWT for each image, the horizontal and vertical low frequencies showed similar patterns, but the patterns were different in the horizontal and vertical high frequency and diagonal high frequency regions. In particular, the signal value was large in the T1 and T2 weighted images of MRI. Neural network learning results for fitting degree analysis were as follows. 1. T1-weighted MRI and simultaneous MR-PET image fitting degree: Regression (R) values were found to be Training 0.984, Validation 0.844, and Testing 0.886. 2. Dementia-PET image and Simultaneous MR-PET Image fitting degree: R values were found to be Training 0.970, Validation 0.803, and Testing 0.828. 3. T2-weighted MRI and concurrent MR-PET image fitting degree: R values were found to be Training 0.999, Validation 0.908, and Testing 0.766. 4. Brain tumor-PET image and Simultaneous MR-PET image fitting degree: R values were found to be Training 0.999, Validation 0.983, and Testing 0.876. An R value closer to 1 indicates more similarity. Therefore, each image fused in the simultaneous MR-PET images verified in this study was found to be similar. Ongoing study of images acquired with pulse sequences other than the weighted images in the MRI is needed. These studies may establish a useful protocol for the acquisition of simultaneous MR-PET images.