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Molecular signature of Late Bronze Age archaeological layers preserved in littoral settings in Lake le Bourget (French Alps).

The Final Bronze Age was a key period for Human history in the Alps since numerous human occupations developed on lake shores attest to an increased anthropication of alpine ecosystems at that time [1]. Successions of abandonment and occupations were most probably climatically-driven through lacustrine level variations [2]. Our recent results on a sediment core drilled in Lake le Bourget provide a detailed record of the evolution of past human activities for this period by using a molecular biomarker specific of millet cultivation [3]. These original results motivated the research of new molecular biomarkers of human activities. This study focuses on biomarker imprints of archaeological levels that correspond to former settlement layers preserved in sub-aqueous conditions (3 m depth) at the Chatillon station of Lake le Bourget (Chindrieux, France). A 70 cm long core has been retrieved from Final Bronze Age IIIb archaeological layers that cover the Neolithic lacustrine chalks. The stratigraphy has been established by subaquatic archaeological investigations, the chronological frame being based on artefacts, dendrochronology and radiocarbon dates. Archaeological levels are peculiarly well preserved (wood and ceramics, shells and interspaced argillaceous