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Predictors of medical outcome in 1,712 Ethiopian survivors of rape

: 1.012_PCF Risk factors for cytomegalovirus retinitis among individuals with HIV and low CD4 count in northern Thailand Abstract Opted Out of Publication Abstract #: 1.013_PCF: 1.013_PCF Predictors of medical outcome in 1,712 Ethiopian survivors of


Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Background: This study, conducted by Emory and Addis Ababa Universities, described the population and analyzed determinants of medical outcome in Ethiopian survivors of sexual violence treated in two comprehensive care clinics.
Methods: 2,970 patient charts from clinics in Hawassa and Adama, Ethiopia were reviewed, and 1,712 were selected based on criteria including history of rape, female gender, and chart completeness. Descriptive characteristics defined the population, while univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses described predictive models for STI transmission, pregnancy, and injury. Approval was obtained from Emory University IRB00080146.
Findings: Average patient age was 13.4 years (SE ¼ 0.1). 11.8% (SE ¼ 1.1%) of patients tested positive for gonorrhea and 13.3% (SE ¼ 1.2%) of patients tested positive for an STI (gonorrhea, hepatitis B, syphilis, or HIV). 9.0% (SE ¼ 0.8%) of patients were pregnant. 16.8% (SE ¼ 0.9%) of patients had genital injury, while 4.7% (SE ¼ 0.5%) of patients had evidence of body trauma. Gonorrhea transmission was more common in patients with genital injury ( Interpretation: When compared to other survivor cohorts, gonorrhea transmission and pregnancy were more common, while injury was less common. Although limited by chart completeness and inter-provider consistency, several characteristics predicted STI transmission, pregnancy, and injury. Novel findings included increased gonorrhea transmission after genital injury, while findings such as the protective effects of education on STI transmission reinforced prior studies. Many of these findings may be broadly applied to the care of these survivors. Background: It is estimated that one third of the world's population lack regular access to essential medicines. In recent years this lack of access has been attributed to a lack of good governance in the health and pharmaceutical systems, as it limits governments' ability to ensure proper management of public resources and can create opportunities for corruption. While anticorruption policies grounded on good governance are considered the 'golden' standard for tackling corruption, the transition from policy creation to the everyday practice of good governance policies involves robust complexities and may not always translate into minimized corruption. With this in mind, the proposed research aims to evaluate what good governance policies are in place in Brazil's pharmaceutical sector and how they are implemented and practiced in everyday activities. This will be done to contribute to the existing literature on good governance policies and how their uptake can be improved to minimize corruption and ensure access to medicines and health services.

Methods:
We utilized WHO's Good Governance in Medicines Programme's Transparency Assessment Tool as the framework for our study. We conducted a desk review of legislation and policies that govern Brazil's pharmaceutical system and 20 semi-structured key informant interviews with government officials, hospital directors and pharmacists in the states of Sao Paulo and Paraiba to capture their perceptions on the level of transparency and accountability in the pharmaceutical system. Interview data was analyzed using Braun & Clarke's (2006) qualitative thematic analysis approach.

Poster Contest Finalists
A n n a l s o f G l o b a l H e a l t h , V O L . 8 2 , N O . 3 , 2 0 1 6 M a y eJ u n e 2 0 1 6 : 3 1 9 -3 2 7