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Doppler Study of Transmitted Transmitral A Wave in Patients with a Fourth Heart Sound

To investigate the characters of the transmitted transmitral A wave associated with a fourth heart sound, left ventricular inflow, and outflow Doppler echocardiography and phonocardiography were recorded in 13 patients with a fourth heart sound and 9 age‐matched control subjects. The Doppler echocardiographic data were compared between both groups and the peak velocity and acceleration rate of the transmitted transmitral A wave were correlated with other parameters.