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GGE Biplot Analysis of Genotype by Environment Interaction and Grain Yield Stability of Bread Wheat Genotypes in South East Ethiopia

The significant G x E interaction has been a challenge to bread wheat breeders as this interaction limits accuracy of yield estimate, identification of stable genotypes and further complicate selection of genotypes. The objective of the present study was to study their adaptability and stability in six diverse environments of South Eastern Ethiopia. Twenty bread wheat genotypes and two checks were evaluated at six test locations of South Eastern Ethiopia during 2012/2013 growing season in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Genotype; environment and genotype by environment interaction had significant effects on grain yield. The environment accounted for 51.97%, while the genotype by environment interaction for 20.68% of the variation in grain yields. Based on the polygon view of the GGE biplot, two mega environments were detected with different winning genotypes G8 (ETBW6734), G10 (ETBW6736), G17 (ETBW6743), G13 (ETBW6739) and G16 (ETBW6742), which are therefore to be regarded as specifically adapted. Considering simultaneously mean yield and stability, the best genotypes were G2 (ETBW6728), G6 (ETBW6732), G9 (ETBW6735) and G11 (ETBW6737), which therefore can be regarded as adapted to a wide range of environments.