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Topical Review: Studies of Ocular Function and Disease Using Hyperspectral Imaging.

SIGNIFICANCE
Advances in imaging technology over the last two decades have produced significant innovations in medical imaging. Hyperspectral imaging is one of these innovations, enabling powerful new imaging tools for clinical use as well as greater understanding of tissue optical properties and mechanisms underlying eye disease.Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is an important and rapidly growing area in medical imaging, making possible the concurrent collection of spectroscopic and spatial information that is usually obtained from separate optical recordings. In this review we describe several mainstream techniques used in HSI, along with noteworthy advances in optical technology that enabled modern HSI imaging techniques. Presented also are recent applications of HSI for basic and applied eye research which include a novel method for assessing dry eye syndrome, clinical slit lamp examination of corneal injury, measurement of blood oxygen saturation in retinal disease, molecular changes in macular degeneration and detection of early stages of Alzheimer's disease. The review also highlights work resulting from integration of HSI with other imaging tools like optical coherence tomography (OCT) and autofluorescence microscopy, and discusses the adaptation of HSI for clinical work where eye motion is present. Here we present the background and main findings from each of these reports along with specific references for additional details.