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A PSO based energy efficient clustering approach for Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) composes of tiny and self-organizing nodes that can acquire, process and transmit data over wireless medium. Many issues in WSNs are formulated as multidimensional optimization problems and approached through Bio-inspired optimization algorithm. Clustering phenomenon is adopted in many sensor applications to improve through put and scalability of the network. In some existing clustering protocols, there may be a chance that nodes are left out without being a member of any of the cluster which are known residual nodes. Such nodes forward the sensed data either directly to the base station or it may try to find the best next hop to reach the BS. These residual nodes may reduce the lifetime of the network. In order to increase the lifetime of the network, the residual node formation should be eliminated and the energy of each individual should be utilized efficiently. The proposed work aims at the formation of non-overlapping clusters using PSO algorithm and thereby increasing the network life time of WSN. Clustering is performed using PSO in such a way that all the members in the network should become the member of exactly one cluster.