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Systemic daily morphine enhances the analgesic effect of intrathecal dexmedetomidine via up‐regulation of alpha 2 adrenergic receptor subtypes A, B and C in dorsal root ganglion and dorsal horn

Objectives  It has been reported that the effect of intrathecally administered α2 adrenergic receptor (α2 AR) agonists is enhanced in mice that are chronically tolerant to systemic morphine. However, contributory factors have not been identified. Here we examined whether repeated systemic morphine affected the analgesic potency of intrathecal dexmedetomidine and the expression of subtype A, B and C α2 AR (α2A, α2B and α2C AR) in the dorsal root ganglion and dorsal horn in mice.