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Influence of carrier diffusion on photo-Seebeck effect in zinc oxide

We measured the electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient under photo-illumination in single-crystalline ZnO and investigated the dependence of the correlation between the conductivity and Seebeck coefficient on the energy of applied ultraviolet light. The correlation was found to be completely independent of the light's energy, indicating that the photo-induced non-equilibrium state is unrelated to the light's energy, but is affected by the carrier diffusion. Furthermore, by assuming that the electron mobility is not changed by the photo-illumination, we estimated the ambipolar carrier diffusion length to be about 1 μm, which is roughly consistent with the minority carrier diffusion lengths in previous reports. Our work reveals that the photo-Seebeck effect is not only influenced by the majority-carrier mobility, but also by the minority-carrier mobility.We measured the electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient under photo-illumination in single-crystalline ZnO and investigated the dependence of the correlation between the conductivity and Seebeck coefficient on the energy of applied ultraviolet light. The correlation was found to be completely independent of the light's energy, indicating that the photo-induced non-equilibrium state is unrelated to the light's energy, but is affected by the carrier diffusion. Furthermore, by assuming that the electron mobility is not changed by the photo-illumination, we estimated the ambipolar carrier diffusion length to be about 1 μm, which is roughly consistent with the minority carrier diffusion lengths in previous reports. Our work reveals that the photo-Seebeck effect is not only influenced by the majority-carrier mobility, but also by the minority-carrier mobility.