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Relationships between rhinitis and asthma

Is the nose the part of the lungs which is accessible to the fingers? Dysfunction of the upper and lower airways frequently coexists. Epidemiologic, pathophysiologic, and clinical studies have strongly suggested a relationship between rhinitis and asthma. These data have led to the concept that the upper and lower airways may be considered a unique entity influenced by a common and probably evolving inflammatory process, which may be sustained and amplified by intertwined mechanisms. Allergic rhinitis is correlated with, and probably constitutes a risk factor for, the occurrence of asthma, and it has been proposed that the prevention or early treatment of allergic rhinitis may help to prevent the occurrence of asthma or the severity of bronchial symptoms. However, although the nasal and bronchial mucosa present similarities, there are also differences which might suggest that rhinitis and asthma are two different airway diseases.