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Abstract 4388: Anti-cancer effects of oleuropein olive leaf extract in K562 leukemia cells

Olive leaves come from a Mediterranean plant that many believe to have positive effects on human health, including anti-cancer properties. Oleuropein is one of the two main phenolic compounds derived from olive leaves, and it has been shown to increase apoptosis in many types of cancer cells. Numerous studies have found that the polyphenols contained in olive leaves possess strong antioxidant properties, suggesting that the compound could be effective in anti-cancer treatments. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of oleuropein extract on cell growth and viability in K562 human leukemia cells, and begin to investigate possible molecular mechanisms of action. We purified our own extract from olive leaves for these studies. Oleuropein was microwave extracted from olive leaf powder using methanol and water as solvent. The oleuropein was successfully identified using HPLC to characterize elution time in comparison to an authentic standard. HPLC was then used in purification and fractions were lyophilized. Isolated oleuropein was greater than 94% in comparison to the authentic standard. We next demonstrated that K562 cells treated with 50-150 ug/ml of oleuropein exhibited significant reduction in cell growth and cell viability after four days when compared to 70% ethanol-treated controls. This effect was markedly greater after 6 days . Current studies are being conducted to determine the most effective concentration and duration of treatment for oleuropein-induced cell death. We are also examining cellular cyytotoxicity and cell cycle progression in these experiments using LDH assay and cell cycle staging, and further studies are being conducted to examine inflammatory and antioxidant pathways for their involvement in the anti-cancer effect of the compound in these cells. Given the observation that many of the cytotoxic effects of oleuropein are cancer-cell specific, this research provides a promising new avenue for the use of natural products as anti-cancer agents. Citation Format: Sophia Fagan, Natalie Fulco, Justin Gilbertson, Aaron R. Van Dyke, Shelley A. Phelan. Anti-cancer effects of oleuropein olive leaf extract in K562 leukemia cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4388.