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Elongation of wallerian degenerating nerve with a tissue expander: A functional, morphometrical, and immunohistochemical study

The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate the usefulness and mechanism of the expansion of wallerian degenerating nerve. The study consisted of two experiments: Experiment I, functional and morphometrical analysis, and Experiment II, immunohistochemical analysis. In Experiment I, the rat nerve crush model was used to assess the effects of mechanical expansion of wallerian degenerating nerves on axonal regeneration. In Experiment II, the rat sciatic nerve cut model was used to investigate the effects of nerve expansion on Schwann cell events in wallerian degenerating nerves. In both experiments, nerve expansion was carried out between days 5 and 9 after nerve injury, using a rubber tissue expander placed beneath the sciatic nerve. In Experiment I, rats were divided into the following three groups according to the volume of saline injected: control group (nerves were crushed, without saline injection); 8‐ml injection group; and 11‐ml injection group. Functional recovery was assessed using the sciatic functional index until 54 days after nerve injury. Rats in all three groups showed good functional recovery, and the morphometrical analysis revealed no significant differences among the three groups.