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Determination of human anterior lens capsule permeability for fluorescent model substances and after-cataract preventive drugs

Cataract can nowadays be treated effectively by replacing the clouded lens by an artificial intraocular lens. However, the capability of accommodation is lost and secondary cataract may occur. Developing an injectable lens into the capsular bag to maintain accommodation, and to prevent secondary cataract by drug delivery from the lens material, it is important to know if potential constituents of the artificial lens or antiproliferative drugs can cross the capsular bag membrane and affect adjacent tissue. In this work human anterior lens capsules were used to determine the molecular weight cut off using fluorescent dextrans of different size and the permeability of antiproliferative drugs. The lens capsules were mounted into diffusion chambers and the amount of the permeated substances was determined after 24 h of incubation. The molecular weight cutoff was found to be at 163 kDa. The apparent permeability coefficients for actinomycin D and methotrexate were in the range of 5-7×10 -5 cm/s, indicating a passage through the lens capsule. An injectable lens should be designed in a way preventing lens constituent and incorporated drug escape from the capsular bag.