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Cross‐reactivity between human adenoviruses in delayed‐type hypersensitivity

The aim of this study was to determine the antigen responsible for the induction of delayed‐type hypersensitivity (DTH) by human adenoviruses (Ads). The estimation of DTH was based on measurement of the extent of swelling of the hind footpads of mice. CsCl density gradient‐purified human Ad serotype 6 (Ad6) induced DTH in a dose‐dependent manner. In Ad6‐sensitized mice, DTH could be elicited by serotypes belonging to the same species of human Ads (types 1 and 5) and by a serotype (type 3) belonging to another species. Latex particles coated with purified hexon antigen prepared from Ad5 had the capacity to sensitize mice and elicit a DTH reaction. We suggest that, for serotypes belonging to species C, the cross‐reactive highly conserved T cell epitope of the hexon protein might be responsible for the DTH induction, and furthermore the same epitope might result in the cross‐reactivity between serotypes 3 and 6. The possible importance of these data is discussed in relation to human gene therapy through the application of Ad vectors.