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Dietary energy intakes in children with mental health conditions treated with second‐generation antipsychotics (371.8)

Second generation antipsychotics (SGA) are used to treat mental health conditions (eg ADHD, psychosis) in children. In some children, SGA‐treatment is associated with rapid weight gain and cardiometabolic dysfunction. The objective of this study is to determine if greater dietary energy intakes are associated with adiposity and cardiometabolic dysfunction in a cross‐sectional study of SGA‐treated (n=15) and SGA‐naïve (n=9) children. Children (6‐19 yrs) with mental illness were recruited through BC Children’s Hospital. Demographics, medical history, and anthropometrics were obtained. As all variables are normally distributed, means ± SD are reported. SGA‐treated children had higher zBMI (1.31 ± 0.79 vs 0.25 ± 0.86, P = 0.005) and waist circumference (cm; 79.83 ± 11.61 vs 64.90 ± 9.37, P = 0.004) compared to SGA‐naïve children, respectively. Three 24‐hour dietary recalls were conducted and analyzed to calculate energy intakes. A caloric ratio for each participant was calculated based on their mean 3‐day total energy intake (kcal) and their estimated energy requirement using the Dietary Reference Intakes equation. The mean caloric ratio of 0.92 ± 0.24 for SGA‐treated children and 1.11 ± 0.28 for SGA‐naïve children is not statistically significant. These findings suggest that differences in dietary energy intakes do not account for SGA‐related side effects in children.