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Response of the Sertoli cell and stem germ cell to 60Co gamma-radiation (dose and dose rate) in testes of immature rats.

Gamma-radiation effects (dose and dose rate) on the Sertoli cells and stem cells of the germinal line in immature rat testes were examined. Prior to Day 4 of postnatal development, the gonocyte or primitive germ cell was the most radiosensitive cell in the testis. From Day 4 to approximately Day 15 the Sertoli cell was the most critical element, and thereafter the stem cell was of first importance. A dose of 100 rads irreversibly reduced the number of Sertoli cells to 63 percent of control. Of the ages tested beyond Day 2, the 9-day testis was most severely affected. It was estimated that a dose of 400 rads would reduce sperm output of the 9-day testis to 21 percent of control. After Day 4 and prior to Day 20, 300 rads produced a permanent decrement in the stem-cell population. Six hundred rads are required to produce this effect in the adult. Dose rate was an important mediator of the radioresponse of both Sertoli and germ cells.