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Multivariate fractal interpolation functions: Some approximation aspects and an associated fractal interpolation operator

. In the classical (non-fractal) setting, the natural kinship between theories of interpolation and approximation is well explored. In contrast to this, in the context of fractal interpolation, the interrelation between interpolation and approximation is subtle, and this duality is relatively obscure. The notion of α -fractal functions provides a proper foundation for the approximation-theoretic facet of univariate fractal interpolation functions (FIFs). However, no comparable approximation-theoretic aspects of FIFs have been developed for functions of several variables. The current article intends to open the door for intriguing interactions between approximation theory and multivariate FIFs. To this end, in the ﬁrst part of this article, we develop a general framework for constructing multivariate FIFs, which is amenable to provide a multivariate analogue of an α -fractal function. Multivariate α -fractal functions provide a parameterized family of fractal approximants associated with a given multivariate continuous function. Some elementary aspects of the multivariate fractal (not necessarily linear) interpolation operator that sends a continuous function deﬁned on a hyperrectangle to its fractal analogue are studied. As in the univariate setting, the notion of α -fractal functions serves as a basis for fractalizing various results in multivariate approximation theory, including that of multivariate splines. For our part, we provide some approximation classes of multivariate fractal functions and prove a few results on the constrained fractal approximation of real-valued continuous functions of several variables.