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Drug release and washability of mucoadhesive gels based on sodium carboxymethylcellulose and polyacrylic acid.

This study investigated the relationship of the washability of gels based on two mucoadhesive polymers (sodium carboxymethylcellulose [NaCMC] and polyacrylic acid [PAA]) and their mixtures to their physical properties such as consistency and hydration/dissolution. The mucoadhesive properties of the two polymers and the effect of mucus-polymer interaction on gel washability at the mucoadhesive interface were also investigated using mixtures of PAA and NaCMC gels with increasing mucin amounts. Release and wash-away properties of the gels were assessed by means of a simultaneous release and wash-away test, whereas the consistency and hydration/dissolution properties of the gels were investigated by rheological analysis (viscosity and dynamic viscoelastic tests) and liquid uptake measurements, respectively. The results showed that PAA was characterized by lower release and wash-away properties than those of NaCMC. Mixing of two gels at different ratios allowed modulation of the release and wash-away properties. A relationship between washability and hydration/dissolution properties was found. Gel consistency by itself did not always provide a complete explanation of the wash-away process. The two polymers investigated showed different rheological interaction properties with mucin. Depending on the extent of such interaction, gel-mucin mixture had hydration/dissolution and washability properties that were quite different with respect to the initial gel.