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Measuring Perception and Cognition in the Context of Iron Deficiency: Three Approaches

Effects of iron deficiency (ID) on neural, perceptual, and cognitive functioning have been documented using a range of assessments, raising issues of comparability. We have used a set of tests of perception and cognition in efficacy studies with adolescents and reproductive‐age women with ID, and have shown consistent improvements in performance as a function of improvements in iron status. This is contrary to other findings, which have been variable. This study compared our tests (COGTASKS) and two widely‐used tests: the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS‐IV). Healthy undergraduate participants were recruited from the U of Oklahoma (n = 104) and Cornell U (n = 113). Each performed the three sets across three days. The only significant differences due to testing site were on the WAIS‐IV, with the CU participants having higher mean full‐scale IQ scores (127.7) than the OU participants (118.2). Performance on COGTASKS was significantly (0.20 < |r| < 0.45) predictive of most CANTAB measures. And although performance on some COGTASKS measures was reliably predictive of full‐scale IQ and a set of WAIS‐IV subscales, those relationships were significant only for the most complex of the COGTASKS and were weaker (0.15 < |r| < 0.30) than those between COGTASKS and CANTAB. We attribute these differences to the COGTASKS' greater specificity in measuring targeted domains of perception and cognition.