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Design of a Damping Controller Using a Metaheuristic Algorithm for Angle Stability Improvement of an MIB System

Low frequency oscillations in large power systems may result in system instability under large disturbances. Power system stabilisers (PSS) play an effective role in damping these low frequency oscillations by injecting a modulating signal in the excitation loop of a synchronous machine. A new metaheuristic optimisation algorithm termed the sine cosine algorithm (SCA) was proposed for optimising PSS controller parameters to obtain an optimal solution with the damping ratio as an objective function. The SCA technique was examined on a single machine infinite bus (SMIB) system under distinct loading situations and matched with a moth flame optimisation technique and evolutionary programming to design a robust controller of PSS. The simulation was accomplished using a linearised mathematical model of the SMIB. The performance of a designed lead lag-controller of PSS was demonstrated using eigenvalue analysis with simulations, showing promising results. The dynamic performance was validated with respect to the damping ratio, the eigenvalue’s location in the s-plane and rotor angle deviation response to demonstrate system stability.