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The G-protein and the P-protein both induce neutralization antibodies in natural infection and for the bases for the G-P

Introduction The genome of rotavirus consists of eleven unique double helix molecule of RNA which contains 18,555 nucleotide base pairs in total. Each gene codes for one protein, except 9 and 11 which each code for two proteins (Kuta et al., 2014). The RNA is surrounded by a three layered icosahedral protein capsid. The particle of rotavirus is about 70-76.5nm in diameter. When the layer is absent it measure about 55nm, within the inner capsid is the 37nm core, which contains the RNA genome and have a buoyant density of 1.36g/ml(Mishra et al., 2010). The outer capsid shell comprises six viral proteins (VPs) that form the virus particles. These structural proteins are called VP1, VP2, VP3, VP4, VP6, and VP7. The G-protein and the P-protein both induce neutralization antibodies in natural infection and for the bases for the G-P subtypes classification of rotavirus (Mishra et al., 2010).In addition there are also six non structural proteins. These include NSP1, NSP2, NSP3, NSP4, NSP5, and NSP6. Which all participate in rotavirus replication or multiplication in the host cell (Robert,2004). This study determined the genetic profiles of rotavirus stains involved in gastroenteritis in Federal Capital territory, Abuja, Nigeria. Materials and methods Description of sturdy area The federal capital territory is the home of Abuja, the capital of Nigeria. The territory was formed in 1996 from parts of Nasarawa, Niger and Kogi states. it is the central region of the country. Unlike the states of Nigeria, which are headed by elected Governors, it is administered by the Federal Capital Territory Administration headed by a Minister. The Territory is located just north of the confluence of the Niger and Benue rivers. It is bordered by the sates of Niger states to the West and North, Kaduna to thenorth East, Nasarawa to the east and south and kogi to the south west. The FCT lies between latitude 8.25 o and 9.20 o N of the equator and longitude 6.45 o and 7.39 o E of Greenwich meridian. The federal capital territory has a land mass of approximately 8000 square kilometers of which the actual city occupies 250 square kilometers. It is situated within the savannah region with moderate climate condition. It has population of 1,405,201.The territory is currently made up of six area councils (2006 Census). Determination of sample size The sample sizefor this research was determined by the formula below. (Aminu et al., 2009)