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THE IMPACT OF SUBSIDIES ON THE REGIONAL PASSENGER RAIL TRANSPORT

The passenger rail transport is undergoing changes not only in
the Czech Republic but also all over the European Union. Fear
of the climate change, significant investments into the railway
infrastructure and rolling stock and traffic jams have caused
that the railway transport is becoming increasingly more
popular. This phenomenon is seen in the long-distance and
suburban transport. Nevertheless, the regional railway
transport stands apart: the number of passengers decreases.
Regions which are responsible for regional railway public
services and which have to finance them seek to support them by
purchasing new vehicles, establishing integrated regional
transport systems or by setting lower fares. Is this effort
reflected in the number of passengers? The aim of this paper is
to identify whether the subsidy to the rolling stock purchase
leads to the passenger growth in the regional railway
transport. The methodology used is based on the fixed-effects
model of the panel data and the analysis of descriptive
statistics of variables. The results indicate that investments
into the new rolling stock do not have a significant positive
impact on the number of regional railway passengers. The
regional railway transport is inferior goods whose demand
decreases when consumer income rises. The regional railway
transport and the long-distance transport are complementary
goods. Investments in railway corridors can make regional
transport more attractive.