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Diagnostics of Periodontitis on the Basis of Spectral Analysis of the Rhythmic Activity of Brain

The development of diagnostic technologies for chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP) with the possibility of studying the pathogenesis of the disease and identifying its early signs is relevant. For the first time, the goal is to study the possibility of diagnosing, identifying specific signs and stages of development of CGP based on the registration of bioelectric activity of the brain. In patients with chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP), an analysis of the global cerebral bioelectrical activity was performed. A standard Neuron-Spectrum-1 electroencephalograph and a specialized narrow-band spectral analysis software in frequency range of 0.1 to 27 Hz and integration time of 160 seconds, allocation of 8400 spectral harmonics were used. A number of distinguishing characteristics of electroencephalogram (EEG) spectrum envelope function was revealed in the studied patients, and 4 decisive characters were identified. For CGP, diagnostic Characters 1 and 2 marked by synchronization of hemispheres and significant pronounced decrease in the amplitude of the spectral estimate in frequency range of 0.91 to 0.95 Hz and 7.26 to 8.0 Hz, were identified. Character 3 was associated with increased synchronization of hemispheres and increased amplitude of the spectral estimate in the frequency range of 3.72 to 4.03 Hz. Hemispheric desynchronization in diagnostic Character 4 was detected in frequency range of 0.96 to 1.01 Hz. The amplitude of spectrum asymmetry for Character 4 was specific to separate patients with CGP by severity levels. The revealed changes in spectrograms are supposed to be used to clarify the pathogenesis, for early non-invasive diagnosis and to assess the severity of patients with CGP.