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How Much Speech for Judges?

In examining the question "How much speech for judges?" this essay will provide both some analysis of contemporary jurisprudence and a normative respons . Current case law does not fully answer the question and, thus, leaves open the debate about how much judicial speech is required as a matter of law and desirable as a mat ter of policy. To be sure, we have some guidance from the U.S. Supreme Court. In Republican Party of Minnesota v. White (2002), the Court ruled that candidates for judicial office must be allowed to announce their views on disputed legal and policy issues. Moreover, in striking down Minnesota's "announce clause," the canon of judicial ethics that prohibited such announcements, White noted: