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What are the characteristics of infants with KISS ?

Introduction A significant group of Norwegian manual therapists have during the last three to four years, treated many babies with asymmetrical movement patterns and in particular babies with a rotated head position. Previously these children were treated by pediatric physical therapists with the diagnosis of torticollis, where it was assumed that the etiology behind this misalignment was dysfunction of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The treatment was for most parts, in addition to stimulating interventions, passive stretches. Recent research is questioning the effect of stretches. In addition this has been, to some extent, a long lasting and extensive treatment. Over the last years manual therapists and manual doctors in Central-Europe have investigated whether the asymmetrical position in the infant may have another explanation than muscular dysfunction. Functional disturbance of the upper cervical joints as a reason for torticollis is a relatively new way of defining this symptom. Heinrich Biedermann has described this phenomenon, both with emphasis on evaluationand treatment method (Biedermann, 2004; Biedermann, 2004). Meanwhile it’s a fact that there is, as of today, no scientific documentation neither on diagnostic tools or treatment method of this group of patients. My wish has been to contribute to increased knowledge of which findings can provide indicators to if the infant needs manual therapy treatment for asymmetrical position of the head. The term KISS (from German «Kopfgelenk Induzierte Symmetrie Störung») is here used to describe a «Kinematic Imbalance due to Suboccipital strain».