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Ultra-Low-Loss, Binary-State Elements for a Mechanically Actuated Reconfigurable Reflectarray

This paper describes the design of the binary-state elements that comprise a reconfigurable reflectarray. The elements must switch between two states that have a reflection coefficient magnitude as close to 1 as possible and reflection coefficient phases that differ by 180°. To enhance the polarization independence of the cell, the elements were designed to be hexagonal. Changes in the element’s state are achieved mechanically rather than electronically to minimize the loss in the elements. The elements presented here exhibit simulated reflection coefficient magnitude of 0.995 and a phase shift of 175° between the two states.