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[Evaluation of gerontopsychiatric treatment. II: On the effectiveness of clinical ambulatory, partial inpatient and inpatient treatment of elderly psychiatric patients].

Based on data of a quantitative prospective longitudinal study (one year) with mentally disordered elderly aged 60 years and older in two geronto-psychiatric catchment areas in Northrhine-Westfalia (FRG, the City of Bielefeld and the district of Gütersloh) we compare in this second part of our investigation the effects of clinical outpatient-, day hospital- and inpatient treatment settings. Criteria of comparison are the outcome variables: (re-)admission rates within one year, development of severity of psychiatric symptoms and that of need of care in a gerontopsychiatric population (t1: N = 124, t2: N = 90). Important results of this study are: home based outpatient and day hospital treatment reduce the risk of (re-)admission into hospital significantly in contrast to inpatient treatment for all diagnostical groups of mental disorders within one year. Clinical gerontopsychiatric outpatient treatment for elderly with functional psychic disorders is more effective (in terms of development of need of care) than inpatient and--surprisingly--also than day hospital treatment. For older people with organic psychoses (mostly dementia), however, the development of severity of psychiatric symptoms as well as that of their need of care doesn't show any differences between the three groups of patients (in-/outpatient and day hospital). But outpatient and day hospital treatment also don't have worse effects on the patients than inpatient treatment.