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Accuracy of Electrical Feeder Models for Distribution Systems Analysis

Low voltage distribution systems are coming to the fore mainly due to the massive presence of distributed generation. The challenges resulting from these new actors demand from reliable network models, which implies knowing detailed parameters not usually provided by power and electrical manufacturers or utility designers at these voltage levels. This paper performs a comparative assessment of the accuracy provided by several models customarily adopted for low voltage feeders in the analysis of distribution systems. The models are evaluated for different levels of unbalance and distributed generation penetration, which are among the most critical factors potentially affecting their accuracy. Simulation results show that the choice of a sufficiently accurate model, as well as the influence of the neutral grounding system (isolated, impedance earthed or solidly earthed neutral) may become critical in certain cases. The main conclusion is that the lack of detailed feeder models can avoid identifying voltages and currents out of limits.