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Optical design of TCO-free interconnecting layer for all-perovskite tandem solar cells

Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite materials are excellent candidates as light absorbers in tandem solar cells with advantages of tunable bandgaps, high absorption coefficients, and facile and low-cost fabrication processes. As the key component of a tandem structure, the interconnecting layer (ICL) requires optical transparency, efficient carrier recombination, and facile up-scalability. To demonstrate the feasibility of an efficient TCO-free ICL in all-perovskite tandem solar cell devices, we have performed a comprehensive computational analysis using the transfer matrix method. The results suggest that varying the silver recombination layers up to 3 nm does not present a significant effect on the maximum achievable photocurrent (MAPC) of the cell. Moreover, the highest MAPC from the tandem cell with the lowest sensitivity to electron and hole transport layer thicknesses can be obtained by the transport layers with refractive indices within the range of 1.9–2.6. The findings are of direct practical relevance, i.e., with meeting our optical framework, a fabrication procedure can be merely directed toward the electrical optimization of the ICL. The presented methodology can serve as an introduction to benchmark ICL design for multi-junction excitonic solar cells.