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Investigation of Influence of Hydrostatic Pressure on Double-Pulse Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Detection of Cu and Zn in Submerged Solids

The effects of pressure on double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for analysis of the composition of solids submerged in water have been investigated. It has been found that while an increase in water pressure results in an overall reduction in plasma temperature and increased broadness in the observed spectra, analytically useful spectra can be observed up to 5 MPa (50 atm). The results suggest that double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy may be suitable for in situ measurement of the chemical composition of solids submerged in lakes, rivers, and shallow seas.