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Dissecting the therapeutic relevance of gene therapy in NeuroAIDS, an evolving epidemic.

NeuroAIDS, a disease incorporating both infectious and neurodegenerative pathways, is still a formidable challenge for the researchers to deal with. The primary concern for the treatment of neuroAIDS still remains the inaccessibility of the viral reservoir, making it indispensable for novel techniques to be continuously innovated. Since brain serves as a reservoir for viral replication, it is pragmatic and a prerequisite to overcome the related barriers in order to improve the drug delivery to the brain. The current treatment ideology is based on the combinatorial approach of mocktail of anti-retroviral drugs. However complete eradication of the disease could not be achieved. Thereby the arena of gene based cellular delivery is trending and has created a niche for itself in the present scenario. To establish the supremacy of gene delivery, it is advisable to have better understanding of the molecular mechanism involved in the due process. The mechanism associated with the activity of anti-HIV gene lies in their intrinsic property to impart resistance to the HIV infection by targeting the viral entry channels. The review presented principally emphasizes on different types of gene therapy explored so far for the management of AIDS and its associated neurological conditions. Therefore it could rightly be said that we are at the crossroad where the need of the hour is to develop novel strategies for curbing AIDS and its associated neurological conditions.