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Agro-morphological characterization of Detarium microcarpum Guill & Perr, edible and non-edible (toxic) Detarium senegalense J. F. Gmelin on three types of substrates

Forest fruits play an important role on the economy of rural households in Casamance. The fruits of Detarium microcarpum and Detarium senegalense are the most produced and marketed. However, regeneration of D. microcarpum and D. Senegalense remains limited due to seed exports. This study aimed to assess the germination capacity of seeds as well as the growth and development of D. microcarpum and edible and non-edible (toxic) D. Senegalense seedlings on three substrates derived from Faidherbia albida (Del.) A. Chev, Elaeis guineensis Jacq. And Anacardium occidentale L. forest soils. After crushing, germination and growth parameters (diameter, height and number of leaves were determined and measured. The germination dynamics revealed early emergence from 10 to 20 days for D. microcarpum and edible D. senegalense on all the substrates. Toxic D. senegalense recorded a later germination from 30 to 60days after sowing. The overall germination rate was 50.93%. There was a significant difference between the different treatments for all the parameters studied. The analysis of variance showed a significant difference (P˂0.05) between varieties and substrates for the studied parameters. Principal component analysis revealed significant correlations between parameters such as germination rate, number of leaves, and height and crown diameter of the plants.