{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.022366522366522368, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0007215007215007215, 'mean_word_length': 5.668269230769231, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
DEVELOPING ASSESSMENT AS LEARNING BASED ON PROBLEM-SOLVING TO PROMOTE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS' SKILLS IN CRITICAL-CREATIVE THINKING

Assessment as learning is an assessment to guide and provide opportunities for participants to monitor and reflect critically on their learning processes and outcomes. This study aimed to produce assessments as learning based on problem-solving that could be used to improve university students' skills in critical-creative thinking and to test the validity, reliability, and effectiveness of the assessment. The research design used was a 4D model, which stands for 'defining, designing and developing, and disseminating. The research data consisted of two categories, which were qualitative and quantitative. The qualitative data were in the form of comments, criticisms, and suggestions from the expert team specializing in assessment; the quantitative data were in the form of critical-creative skills scores of product users. Qualitative data sources were the expert assessment team, and quantitative data sources were the fourthsemester college students of the Indonesian Department, Faculty of Letters, Universitas Negeri Malang. The research findings show that the product was valid and reliable. Besides, the result of the test of effectiveness indicated that this assessment could improve university students' skills in critical-creative thinking.