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Flood Risk Mapping using integrated fuzzy membership and Analytical Hierarchy Process at Sarpang district in Bhutan

Flood risk mapping is a preliminary step to evaluate the flood risk of an area. This study aimed at developing a flood risk map (FRM) at Sarpang district in Bhutan using integrated fuzzy membership and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). A total of 110 flood points were identified during flood inventory which is divided into a training dataset (70%) and validation dataset (30%). The fuzzy membership was used to reclassify factors which were calculated from the frequency ratio. The AHP was used to calculate the weight of the factors. The weighted reclassified factors were added to form the FRM. The FRM was validated using the accuracy and Kappa index. The accuracy shows the proportion of correctly classified flood and non-flood pixels while Kappa index shows the reliability of the model used. The accuracy is 89.39% indicating good result from the generated FRM. The Kappa index value 0.7879 falls under the substantial reliability category of the model. The result of FRM is expected to guide for the purpose of decision-making and planning in the future.