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Liberalism and the Press, 1816–1838

Rousselin was part of a team of liberal Bonapartists who founded a newspaper during the Hundred Days. It struggled with censorship and finding a permanent name, but from 1819 until World War I, the newspaper became Le Constitutionnel. It was a swift success, becoming the bestselling newspaper on the planet by 1825; its profits made Rousselin wealthy. The paper became the liberal standard-bearer in criticizing the growing authority of the Roman Catholic Church and the Bourbon government for its heavy-handed censorship, fighting numerous battles in the courts and in public opinion. The liberal critique helped undermine support for the government among the elite, and facilitated the Revolution of 1830 and the installation of Rousselin’s friend Louis-Philippe d’Orléans as “King of the French.” Renewed attention to Rousselin’s terrorist past led him to sell his stake in Le Constitutionnel in 1838.