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The effect of self-control depletion on attentional bias for alcohol cues in male heavy drinkers

Rationale: Attentional bias for alcohol cues is assumed to increase the urge to drink and subsequently leads to alcohol consumption. Override processes can be used to disengage attention from alcohol cues. This requires self-control and implies that depletion of self-control would impair the ability to disengage attention from alcohol cues. Objectives: To test the effect of self-control on attentional bias. Materials and methods: In a 2 x 1 design, 42 male heavy drinkers were tested. To manipulate self-control resources, half of the sample suppressed their emotions while watching a video fragment, whereas the other half saw the same video but did not suppress their emotions. Attentional bias was measured with a visual probe task. The Obsessive Compulsive Drinking Scale was used to assess psychological alcohol dependency. Results: Participants who were more psychologically dependent showed more attentional bias in the maintenance of attention (i.e. measured with longer cue-exposure times) when they suppressed their emotions. Conclusions: In psychologically alcohol dependents, self-control strength seems to influence attentional bias in the maintenance of attention.