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Neurochemical correlates of ethanol withdrawal: alterations in serotoninergic function

Cessation of chronic ethanol administration, and elimination of ethanol from the body, results in a withdrawal syndrome in mice characterized by behavioural symptoms and hypothermia. During withdrawal, the accumulation rate of [14C] 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) from [14C]tryptophan, was significantly lower in the brainstem of the ethanol‐withdrawn animals than in controls. A similar pattern was seen in forebrain. When the rate of 5‐HT accumulation was determined using pargyline, no differences occurred between control and ethanol‐treated animals. The endogenous concentrations of tryptophan in plasma, and tryptophan, 5‐HT and 5‐hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5‐HIAA) in brain were the same in ethanol‐treated and control animals. It is suggested that the changes in accumulation of 14C‐5‐HT and 14C‐5‐HIAA in ethanol‐withdrawn animals reflected alterations in electrical activity of serotoninergic neurons during withdrawal.