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Effects of exteroceptive feedback and instructions on control of spontaneous galvanic skin responses.

To more fully explore the possibility of control of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in the human S, this study investigated the effects of instructions and exteroeeptive feedback on the control of spontaneous galvanic skin responsivity (GSR). Two sets of instructions (“Relax” and “Think”) were alternately presented to Ss under four types of meter feedback: accurate, positive, negative, and control. In addition to GSR activity, respiration and cardiac rate were recorded. The results indicated that Ss receiving accurate feedback were significantly better able to comply with the “Relax”-“Think” instructions; next most effective was positive feedback, while negative and control feedback were least effective. No within-subject relationships were found between control of spontaneous GSRs and respiration or cardiac activity. The results suggest that Ss are responsive to the consequences of their antonomic behavior in much the same manner as they are responsive to the consequences of other learned behaviors.