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Location Parameter Estimation of Moving Aerial Target in Space–Air–Ground-Integrated Networks-Based IoV

Estimating the location parameters of moving target is an important part of intelligent surveillance for the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). Satellite has the potential to play a key role in many applications of space–air–ground-integrated networks (SAGINs). In this article, a novel passive location parameter estimator using multiple satellites for the moving aerial target is proposed. In this estimator, the direct wave signals in reference channels are first filtered by a band-pass filter, followed by a sequence cancelation algorithm to suppress the direct-path interference and multipath interference. Then, the fourth-order cyclic cumulant cross ambiguity function (FOCCCAF) of the signals in the reference channels and the four-weighted fractional Fourier transform FOCCCAF (FWFRFT-FOCCCAF) of signals in the surveillance channels are derived. Using them, the time difference of arrival (TDOA) and the frequency difference of arrival (FDOA) are estimated and the distance between the target and the receiver and the velocity of the moving aerial target are estimated by using multiple satellites. Finally, the Cramer–Rao lower bounds of the proposed location parameter estimators are derived to benchmark the estimator. The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively and precisely estimate the location parameters of the moving aerial target.