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Pulse-gated mode of commercial superconducting nanowire single photon detectors

High detection efficiency and low intrinsic dark count rate are two advantages of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs). However, the stray photons penetrated into the fiber would cause the extrinsic dark count rate, owing to the free running mode of SNSPDs. In order to improve the performance of SNSPDs in realistic scenarios, stray photons should be investigated and suppression methods should be adopted. In this study, we demonstrate the pulse-gated mode, with 500 kHz gating frequency, of a commercial SNSPD system for suppressing the response of stray photons about three orders of magnitude than its free-running counterpart on the extreme test conditions. When we push the gating frequency to 8 MHz, the dark count rate still keeps under 4% of free-running mode. In experiments, the intrinsic dark count rate is also suppressed to 4.56 × 10−2 counts per second with system detection efficiency of 76.4372%. Furthermore, the time-correlated single-photon counting analysis also approves the validity of our mode in suppressing the responses of stray photons.