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Is a small apple more like an apple or more like a cherry ?

In a categorization experiment we assessed whether seeing objects automatically activates information on how to manipulate them. The experiment also aims at investigating the role played in a categorization task by online, visual information (i.e., of information mediated by the dorsal system), and by information stored in memory (i.e., information mediated by the ventral system). Participants categorized photographs of objects manipulable either with a power or a precision grip into artifacts or natural kinds. Target-objects were preceded by primes consisting of photographs of hands in either grasping postures (precision or power grip) or in a neutral posture (grip). Target-objects could be presented either in their real size or in modified size, so that they activated a different kind of grip. For example, a strawberry was presented both in its real size and with the size of an apple, so that it activated a power grip. Results confirm that visual stimuli activate motor information. More importantly, they suggest a crucial role of online, visual information even in a categorization task. Results are discussed in the framework of theories on the role of online and offline memory features.