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The significance of hyperphagia and diet composition on the metabolism in ventromedial hypothalamic lesioned male rats.

The metabolic consequences of ventromedial hypothalamic lesion were studied in a group of aged male rats which were obese and had decreased response to insulin. The effects of hyperphagia and ventromedial hypothalamic lesion per se were separated by comparing experimental animals fed isocalorically with controls and animals fed ad libitum. Ventromedial hypothalamic lesion as such led to increases in the glucose conversion to fatty acid and in lipoprotein lipase activity in adipose tissue. Protein catabolism as reflected by plasma urea levels, was enhanced. The lipoprotein lipase activity in heart tended to be lower after VMH lesion. These metabolic changes were amplified in the VMH lesioned rats fed ad libitum. The liver glycogen content was lowered by VMH lesion, but this effect was abolished by hyperphagia. In parallel experiments the influence of diet composition was studied by feeding similar groups with diet of high fat content. The glucose incorporation in fatty acids was in all groups markedly and similarly inhibited by the high fat diet. The increase in lipoprotein lipase activity in heart and adipose tissue of control rats with high fat intake could not be demonstrated in any of the groups with ventromedial hypothalamic lesion. The plasma urea level in the control group was not affected by the diet, but tended to increase in the ventromedial hypothalamic lesioned groups on high fat intake. These findings demonstrate that the well known metabolic effects of ventromedial hypothalamic lesions are also manifest in obese insulin resistant male rats. Furthermore, the responses to changes in diet composition are different from those of the control rats.