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ILAS Workshop on Phonetics and Phonology Theme : Synchronic Patterns and Sound Change

This study presents the stress pattern in Piuma and Kazangilan Paiwan, and provides a preliminary analysis on the grounds of phonology and phonetics. Stress in Paiwan, an Austronesian language spoken in southern Taiwan, is known to be penultimate in general (Ho 1977, Ferrell 1982). Unlike most Paiwan village dialects, stress in Piuma Paiwan (Chen 2006) and Kazangilan Paiwan is driven by vowel sonority, favoring peripheral vowels /i u a/ over schwa /ə/. Phonologically, the location of stress is predictable, falling on final syllables if a penultimate schwa exists, otherwise on penultimate syllables. However, inconsistency exists in words with identical vowels—stress falls on the penultimate syllable when the rightmost two vowels are identical /i/, /u/, or /a/, but on the final syllable when there are identical schwas. This study offers an Optimality-Theoretic account, together with an additional constraint that bans any schwa in feet. The constraint aims to eliminate schwa out of a foot while retaining the segmental and featural information. Phonetically, this study examines whether the common correlates of stress—duration, intensity, and f0—play a role in stress assignment of these two Paiwan village dialects, and tries to find out phonetic reasons for the final stress for two-schwa-words as well.