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Hydrology and Best Practices for Managing Water Resources in Arid and Semi-Arid Lands in Kenya

This chapter provides a critical analysis and evaluation of the water issues relevant to Kenya's ASALs. This has particularly been centered on the current resource development and management, future resource demand, as well as extent of its vulnerability to climate variability and change. The water development policy interventions have also been evaluated. The analysis has revealed that water resources are being utilized to satisfy a myriad of demands and that in fact a water shortage already exists in these ASALs. A number of factors including population pressure, poor resource use and management, and other socio-economic activities have been noted to increase the vulnerability of the available water to the impacts of climate change. Recommendations for purposes of ensuring the sustainable utilization of the vital water resource have been proposed.