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Testing a New Cirrus Cloud Parameterization in NCAR CCM3

Cirrus cloud cover and ice water content (IWC) are the two most important properties of cirrus clouds. However, in general circulation models (GCMs), their treatment is very crude. For example, in the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Climate Model (CCM3), IWC is prescribed as a function of column-integrated water vapor and height (Hack 1998). The in situ observations in the tropics indicate that the cirrus IWC is an order of magnitude larger than what is prescribed in the model (McFarquhar and Heymsfield 1996). The comparison with the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) data indicates that the modeled cover is on the average 40 to 50 percent larger than observed. To understand the impact of cirrus clouds on the climate, we have developed a more sophisticated, diagnostic cirrus scheme that takes into account both model large-scale dynamics and basic microphysical properties of cirrus.