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Comparative clinical efficacy and safety of immediate release and controlled release hydromorphone for chronic severe cancer pain

Background. The short elimination half‐life of hydromorphone necessitates 4‐hourly dosing to maintain optimal levels of analgesia in patients with chronic cancer pain. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of controlled release hydromorphone administered every 12 hours and immediate release hydromorphone administered every 4 hours in patients with chronic severe cancer pain.