{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.022556390977443608, 'fraction_numerical': 0.00644468313641246, 'mean_word_length': 5.472222222222222, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Late right ventricular perforation: a rare complication of a pacemaker implantation.

Right ventricular perforation by a pacemaker lead is a rare complication of pacemaker implantation, with an incidence inferior to 1%. It usually occurs at the time of lead insertion or during the first 24 hours after the procedure (acute perforation).Late right ventricular perforation, defined as occurring at least 1 month after lead implantation, is even rarer. The clinical presentation varies widely and is mainly related to the stimulation of extracardiac structures and/or lead dysfunction.Its diagnosis may be difficult and must be complemented by appropriate imaging methods. The optimal management strategy remains controversial, varying from surgery to more conservative treatments. The authors present a case of late right ventricular myocardium lead perforation occurring in a 56-year-old-male patient, approached with open surgery.