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Primary Mediastinal Leiomyoma Mimicking a Giant Mediastinal Cyst: A Case Report

Leiomyoma is a benign tumor of smooth muscle and can occur in any organ; but the most common form occurs in the uterus, small bowel and esophagus. Involvement of the mediastinum as the primary site of origin is extremely uncommon, with only 14 cases reported in the English literature (1, 2). The most common radiographic finding of primary mediastinal leiomyoma is a well circumscribed heterogeneous solid mass. We reported a case of primary mediastinal leiomyoma that was demonstrated by computed tomography (CT) scan as homogenous hypoattenuating mass, mimicking a giant cyst-like lesion. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of primary mediastinal leiomyoma presenting with this radiologic finding. CASE REPORT