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Twelve tips for teaching medical students about female genital mutilation (FGM)

Background: Seeing women or girls from FGM practising communities can be a challenge for healthcare 
professionals, involving a complex interplay of professional duties, legal requirements, social and cultural 
understanding, and sensitive, skilled communication. 
Aims and methods: Robust training on how to identify and support women and girls who have undergone or who 
are at risk of FGM, including fulfilling FGM-related legal duties, is essential for healthcare professionals. We 
believe it is important that this training begins in medical school so that junior doctors feel prepared to talk to 
women and girls from FGM practising communities as soon as they qualify and start work. 
Results: We have reviewed the limited existing literature on teaching medical and other healthcare students about 
FGM and have drawn on our many years of providing well-evaluated teaching sessions on FGM at UCL Medical 
School to design twelve tips as a blueprint for running sensitive and effective undergraduate teaching on FGM. 
Conclusions: Effective teaching for medical students on FGM is important and feasible. Curricula leads and 
individual teachers will benefit from a structured, comprehensive and culturally sensitive approach outlined in the 
twelve tips.