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Seated T'ai Chi in Older Taiwanese People Using Wheelchairs: A Randomized Controlled Trial Investigating Mood States and Self-Efficacy.

Abstract Objective: There is growing interest in t'ai chi, but little research has addressed whether t'ai chi is effective in older people using wheelchairs for mobilization. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of seated t'ai chi exercise and usual standard activities on mood states and self-efficacy in older people living in a long-term care facility and using wheelchairs for mobilization. Design: Randomized controlled trial (trial registration no. ACTRN12613000029796). Setting: One long-term-care facility in Taiwan. Participants: Sixty participants were randomly assigned by a computer-generated random sequence to a t'ai chi group (n = 30) or a usual exercise and entertainment activities group (n = 30). Intervention: Seated t'ai chi exercise for 40 minutes three times a week for 26 weeks was provided. Main outcome measures: Mood states (Profile of Mood States Short Form [POMS-SF]) and self-efficacy (Self-Efficacy for Exercise [SEE]). Results: At week 26, participants in the t'ai chi group re...