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Synthesizing the complex orbital-angular-momentum spectrum of hybrid modes existed in a few-mode fiber.

In this study, a simple and reliable method enabling to well synthesize the complex orbit-angular-momentum (OAM) spectrum of hybrid mode in a few-mode fiber is proposed and numerically demonstrated, which is realized by using the so-called inverse scattering method based on the genetic algorithm (GA), where the main Fourier components of a specially-selected ring in intensity distribution of the hybrid mode is used as the optimization objective. As a proof-of-concept example, power spectrum of a hybrid mode consisted of the first- and second-order OAM modes was successfully reconstructed with an accuracy higher than 0.99. This is the first time, to the best of our knowledge, that the complex OAM spectrum of a fiber hybrid mode consisted of more than two kinds of OAM modes is synthesized directly from the intensity distribution of the hybrid mode itself.