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On the interactions of a harmonic oscillator

It is widely recognized that the harmonic oscillator has a specific place in classical and modern physics. The aim of this paper to show how the operating principle of scientific instruments used in research by physicists can be illustrated with a simple oscillator, i.e. a tuning fork. We started by reducing the problem to an oscillator with one degree of freedom. We showed how a conservative or dissipative force acts on the characteristics of the oscillation (frequency shift or quality factor). The frequency shift was also calculated using a linear approximation for the oscillator/surrounding interactions (mass load and attractive or repulsive field). Then, the oscillator was placed in an electronic loop to perform frequency modulation (FM) as is done in several instruments. The experimental results of FM were then compared to those given by direct measurement. This work highlights the importance of studying the oscillator and in particular the interactions which can produce perturbations.