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Segmental Dilatation of the Ileum

Segmental dilatation of the ileum (SDI), also termed ileal dysgenesis or segmental megaileum, is characterized by a sharply defined and markedly dilated segment of the ileum flanked by normal-caliber afferent and efferent bowel.1 Segmental dilatation of the ileum is a rare condition, with only 125 published cases, 1-16 It commonly presents during the neonatal period or childhood with an abdominal mass and symptoms including abdominal pain, bowel obstruction, anemia, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Segmental dilatation of the ileum is definitively treated by surgical resection. We report a case of SDI in a male neonate whose prenatal and postnatal imaging revealed a cystic abdominal mass. To our knowledge, the prenatal appearance of SDI has not been reported previously.