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Frequency-domain endoscopic diffuse optical tomography reconstruction algorithm based on dual-modulation-frequency and dual-points source diffuse equation

In this paper, frequency-domain endoscopic diffuse optical tomography image reconstruction algorithm based on dual-modulation-frequency and dual-points source diffuse equation is investigated for the reconstruction of the optical parameters including the absorption and reducing scattering coefficients. The forward problem is solved by the finite element method based on the frequency domain diffuse equation (FD-DE) for dual-points source approximation and multi-modulation-frequency. In the image reconstruction, a multi-modulation-frequency Newton-Raphson algorithm is applied to obtain the solution. To further improve the image accuracy and quality, a method based on the region of interest (ROI) is applied on the above procedures. The simulation is performed in the tubular model to verify the validity of the algorithm. Results show that the FD-DE with dual-points source approximate is more accuracy at shorter source-detector separation. The reconstruction with dual-modulation-frequency improves the image accuracy and quality compared to the results with single-modulation-frequency and triple-modulation-frequency method. The peak optical coefficients in ROI (ROI_max) are almost equivalent to the true optical coefficients with the relative error less than 6.67%. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) achieves 82% of the true radius. The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and image coefficient(IC) is 5.678 and 26.962, respectively. Additionally, the results with the method based on ROI show that the ROI_max is equivalent to the true value. The FWHM can improve by 88% of the true radius. The CNR and IC is improved over 7.782 and 45.335, respectively.