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Recurrence of aneurysmal bone cyst of the mandible and its management: A case report and overview

Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) was first described by Jaffe and Lichtenstein in 1942 characterized by the blow out of the bone seen in radiograph. 12% of the patients had a lesion in the head and neck region, of which only 2% of these pathologies occur in the maxillofacial region. It is most common in those regions of the skeleton where there is a relatively high venous pressure and high marrow content. Mandibular and maxillary molar regions are most commonly involved followed by angle and ascending ramus with preponderance of female patients. In the present case, a 52-year-old female reported to our institute with the chief complaint of swelling. Clinically and correlating radiographically, a large lesion measuring 6 cm × 2.5 cm approximately was involved occupying half of the mandible. This article describes the clinical, radiographical, and histopathological picture, differential diagnosis, and the management of a recurrence of large ABC of the mandible.