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Psychological Effects of Disaster

Worldwide the frequency of disasters has been increasing over the past few decades. A United Nations survey of over 300 disasters, found that 85-90070 of these had occurred since 1950. Furthermore 90% had struck developing countries. The psychological effects of disaster depend on: • The extent of loss or threat of loss sustained. • The individual characteristics of the victim, their beliefs (religion, philosophy, ways of attributing meaning to events such as a disaster), their type of personality, their degree of preparedness for dealing with disasters, their age, sex and their history of physical and psychological health. • Whether social and psychological support is available and effective, and physical/material assistance is given, and the victims have other opportunities for getting back to normal.