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Is microbial gardening a food gamble or a safe bet? (Comment on DOI 10.1002/bies.201400100)

Some of the big unknowns in oceanography are the processes responsible for remineralization of organic carbon in the twilight zone. More than 90% of the organic matter that is exported yearly out of the surface ocean is respired back to CO2 in the twilight zone. We know that the majority of this respiration is carried out by microbes and zooplankton, but we do not know their relative importance or the mechanisms controlling the degradation of the organic carbon. Most studies have suggested that the combined carbon demand of bacteria and zooplankton in the twilight zone exceeds that supplied by sinking organic aggregates. However, a recent study was able to balance carbon sources and sinks in the twilight zone by suggesting that zooplankton fragment large, fast-sinking aggregates into smaller, slow-sinking aggregates, which are mainly remineralized by microbes [1]. Considering that zooplankton resident in the twilight zonemust obtain their nutrition either via feeding on sinking aggregates or via carnivory, it seems counterintuitive that they would fragment, rather than ingest, the relatively scarce aggregates sinking through these deep, dim-lit waters. To investigate this, Mayor et al. [2] speculated that zooplankton deliberately fragment large, fast-