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Gregory Gleason. The Central Asian States: Discovering Independence. Boulder: Westview Press, 1997, xix, 220 pp. + photographs, maps, chronology, index.

While this book as a whole should be of great interest to those who are engaged in the study of Inner Asia, nomadic pastoralism, or environmental issues, certain chapters should be of equal interest to those who follow the post-socialist transitions. Chapter Four, for example, describes the development of new social institutions. And Chapter Seven contains an engaging narrative of how one Mongolian family has been affected by the new market conditions. Finally, the conclusion addresses the ways in which the post-socialist transition will affect the environment. The authors suggest that the establishment of market conditions in Russia, Mongolia, and China has the potential to reduce the mobility of pastoralists and thus cause further damage to the pastures. As a possible solution, Humphrey and Sneath propose that the state-run collectives be replaced by another large-scale organization, such as an association of herders, which would maintain the mobility of herds.