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Adhesines of the Plague Agent

Plague agent has a complex of adhesines providing for anchoring of the pathogen to target cells in a host organism and in many ways defining the onset, character, and development of the disease. The presence of adhesines ensures translocation of effector proteins into target cells of mammalians. The review covers the literature data, both on the most studied Yersinia pestis adhesines (Ail proteins and pH6 antigen), and on recently identified auto transporting proteins of various classes, involved in adhesion processes (YadBC, Yaps, IlpP). Their significance for plague pathogenesis, genetic determinacy, structure and localization in a cell are also described in the paper. It is noted that plague agent adhesines work at different phases of infection process, have multiple functions and take part not only in anchoring to host cells, but provide for resistance to influence of immune mechanisms of a host too. 