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T‐cell transfer and cytokine/TCR gene deletion models in the study of inflammatory bowel disease

Until recently there existed no appropriate immunological animal models for human inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Today a number of models, mostly in the mouse and rat, have proved useful in the study of several aspects of IBD, including the histopathology and the disease‐inductive and ‐protective cell types, subsets and cytokines, for example CD4+ T cells, IFNΛ, IL‐12, IL‐2, IL‐10 and TGFβ. Furthermore, these recent IBD models make it possible to examine various chemo‐ and immunotherapeutic approaches. This review focuses on IBD development in adoptive T‐cell transfer models and in gene‐deleted mice.