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SPAIN - THE NEW TRANSIT COUNTRY FOR ILLEGAL MIGRANTS IN THE WEST-MEDITERRANEAN MIGRANT ROUTE

The trend of migrants' legal and illegal migrations has increased year by year, so in 2015 it has received alarming proportions. Illegal migration, albeit at a reduced scale, continues in 2018. Immigrants are trying to reach Europe via land, sea and airplane by airplanes.There are several of the most frequent routes that quickly reach the promised land, depending on which parts of the world are going, although routes often change, under the influence of different circumstances. If there is increased control at some borders, immigrants pass on other roads, even longer. Thus, for example, migrants from the West Coast of Africa to Europe reach Greece through Greece, rather than through Spain and Italy due to increased control of the sea routes through the Mediterranean. This is also the case with the Western Mediterranean route through which many immigrants pass through. The illegal migrants and refugees towards their goal, the highly developed European countries and the European Union used multiple routes, but this paper will be devoted only to the Western Mediterranean route, starting from north and west Africa through the Mediterranean about the sea to Spain, the Canary Islands and the Spanish enclaves in Africa. The aim of this paper is to analyze global and regional migration movements and their future trends with the focus of the western Mediterranean route as well as identifying the underlying motives that cause them migration processes and their classification that could serve for the appropriate treatment of migrants in accordance with their rights and national legislation.