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Case Control Study of Lifestyle and Behavioral Risk Factors of Coronary Artery Disease in Tertiary Care Hospital

In India 53% of all deaths was due to non-communicable diseases and 28% deaths were due to cardiovascular diseases like coronary artery disease (CAD). This epidemic of non-communicable diseases is due to steep rise of lifestyle risk factors. The purpose of study was not to find out new risk factors but to study behavioural risk factors in local community for CAD. Present case control study was carried out at tertiary care hospital. Newly-diagnosed 51 cases of coronary artery disease and 51age and gender matched controls were studied. We studied the risk factors for CAD like obesity, tobacco chewing and smoking, alcohol consumption, psychological stress, physical inactivity. Data was analysed by using Graph pad prism software, Chi square test, Z test and Odds ratio was calculated. We found strong significant association of tobacco chewing, tobacco smoking and psychological stress with CAD. We found no significant association of alcohol consumption and BMI with CAD in our study. We conclude that modifiable risk factors are strongly associated with the coronary artery disease. Therefore intense attention should be paid to the behavioural risk factors for prevention of coronary artery disease and people should be encouraged to avoid risky and unhealthy behaviours.