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General discussion after session IV

G. Hunt (PACTEL, London, U. K. ). It is an incredibly important problem to try to understand the Solar System; where we are now, where it has come from. We are looking today at things that happened in the past; the Sun has changed during its lifetime and that upsets some of the chemistry that we are looking at. Professor Gautier’s presentation does raise a number of very important questions of interpretation. The error bars on some of his critical ratios are very large. How can we reduce those error bars? Can this be done as a result of doing remote measurements or must we make in situ observations? Are there more things that we can be doing in the laboratory to improve our spectroscopy, for example? Theories develop more rapidly than observations, that is obviously one of the problems that we are always facing. Something that has been given some attention is the question of the colour of some of the objects we have been looking at. Colour was not mentioned this morning; is it something we should be taking into account. When we make these observations, from Voyager particularly, we are looking right at the very top of the atmosphere, we are looking at the dirt on the skin of the orange type of scenario, yet we are talking about what is happening all the way through. Just how well do we understand those interiors? The weather systems that we think we understand can be explained either by a deep model or a very shallow model. Is that important ? Does it affect the way we interpret these results? These are some of the things that are running through the minds of people as we discuss these factors today, coupled with the fact that when we move away from talking about hydrogen and helium and get involved with other components of the Solar System, things like oxygen, then we really are in difficulties because they have their own chemistry at some depth, and affect the dynamics and the chemistry at these particular levels. Let us just ask ourselves whether are we asking the basic questions, the real questions; have we really set up the ways in which these things can be answered in the next ten years.