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Periodic boundary value problems for first order difference equations

In this paper, existence criteria for single and multiple positive solutions of periodic boundary value problems for first order difference equations of the form � 4 x(k) + f(k,x(k + 1)) = 0, k 2 [0,T], x(0) = x(T + 1), are established by using the fixed point theorem in cones. An example is also given to illustrate the main results.