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Reconstruction with criterion from labeled markers: new approach based on the morphological watershed

The goal of image segmentation is to partition an input image into a set of regions. In mathematical morphology, the recon- struction of images from markers has proven to be useful in morpho- logical filtering and image segmentation. The utilization of a criterion in the problem of the image reconstruction from an image marker has been partially treated elsewhere. We further investigate this idea and extend it to the problem of image reconstruction from labeled markers by proposing a new method based on the "watershed" transforma- tion as an alternative in image segmentation. The image gradient is considered as a topographic relief that is flooded (similarly as in a nor- mal watershed). However, a criterion is added in this reconstruction process that enables the flexibility to separate structures of interest. Following the flooding analogy on topographic reliefs, this flooding process is limited to certain zones to control the recovering process of structures shapes. Experimental results are provided. A compar- ison with a viscous watershed is performed to show the differences between them. The technique is applied mainly in the biomedical do- main, although the technique can generally be applied to other areas.