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PV Model with Energy Balance Equation for Commercial PV Modules

This paper presents a novel photovoltaic (PV) model for a commercial PV module, which is augmented with an energy balance equation to simultaneously describe cell temperature and PV electricity output characteristics. Having the thermal and electrical characteristics of commercial PV module available from the manufacturer datasheet, the proposed PV model is implemented on the Simulink environment and verified under the standard test condition (STC) and nominal operating cell temperature (NOCT) condition. The NOCT verification with a commercial PV module datasheet is first addressed. Through experimental measurement of a commercial PV module in real operation from June 1 to August 31, 2011, the proposed model demonstrates the good estimation performance of both cell temperatures and output electricity characteristics. Comparing with ones of the other methods, the predicted output characteristics of the proposed model have a better agreement with the measured ones of an operating PV module.