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Characterization of Element Partitioning at the Austenite/Ferrite Interface of asCast CF-3 and CF-8 Duplex Stainless Steels

Cast duplex stainless steels are used in cooling water piping of light water reactors (LWRs) due to their combination of strength, high ductility, high impact toughness, corrosion resistance, castability and weldability. This combination is due to the presence of the face-centered cubic (f.c.c.) γ–austenite and body-centered cubic (b.c.c.) α–ferrite phases in the duplex microstructure. The ferrite phase is present in volume fractions less than approximately 20% in grades used in LWR power plants. These alloys experience thermal aging embrittlement during operational service due to spinodal decomposition of the α–ferrite phase into chromium-rich (Cr-rich) α’–martensite and iron-rich (Fe-rich) α–ferrite phases, and possibly nucleation and growth of intermetallic G-phase precipitates or carbides [1,2]. Microstructural evolution and concomitant changes in macroscopic (bulk) mechanical properties lead to increased hardness, a loss of ductility, and a reduction in impact toughness.