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Magnet design consideration of a variable-flux PM machine

This paper presents a new investigation of the permanent magnet dimension selection for an AlNiCo based variable-flux machine based on the permanent magnet operating point. To do this, the magnetic features of an AlNiCo permanent magnet material are reviewed and an analytical method to estimate the magnetization level of the permanent magnet at different operation conditions is presented. Moreover, the effect of q-axis and d-axis flux on the permanent magnet are analyzed. More investigations show that to select the permanent magnet width, a tradeoff should be considered between the magnetization current of the VFM and the permanent magnet operating point in the no-load condition. Also, to select the permanent magnet length, a tradeoff should be considered between the torque mean value and the permanent magnet operating point once the variable-flux machine is supplied with rated q-axis current (Iq). Additionally, the effect of torque angle (the current vector) on the permanent magnet operating point is investigated for the variable-flux machine with the selected permanent magnet dimensions.