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Treatment with the KCa3.1 inhibitor TRAM‐34 during diabetic ketoacidosis reduces inflammatory changes in the brain

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) causes brain injuries in children ranging from subtle to life‐threatening. Previous studies suggest that DKA‐related brain injury may involve both stimulation of Na‐K‐Cl cotransport and microglial activation. Other studies implicate the Na‐K‐Cl cotransporter and the Ca‐activated K channel KCa3.1 in activation of microglia and ischemia‐induced brain edema. In this study, we determined whether inhibiting cerebral Na‐K‐Cl cotransport or KCa3.1 could reduce microglial activation and decrease DKA‐related inflammatory changes in the brain.