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INSULIN PATHWAY PROTEINS ARE ALTERED IN PATIENTS WITH CONCOMITANT ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND DIABETES MELLITUS

Background: Alterations in the insulin pathway proteins have been associated with brain disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objectives: To investigate the peripheral levels of the insulin pathway proteins between cognitively and metabolically preserved participants, patients with DM2, AD and those with the concomitant presence of AD and DM2. Methods: The study was approved by the UFSCar’s ethics committee (CAAE: 31634720.9.0000.5504). Patients were diagnosed with AD using the criteria of the National Institute on Aging/Alzheimer’s Association (NIA/AA). DM2 was defined as self-report of taking oral antidiabetic medication. Plasma was collected by venipuncture from 36 participants. The levels of the of following proteins were analyzed by ELISA (Enzyme Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay): ISNR, IGF1R, IGF, IRS1, Akt1/PKB, PI3KCD/PI3Kdelta, MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK8/JNK1, PTP1B and IDE (Life-Span Biosciences). Results: Several proteins of the insulin pathway were altered in patients with AD, DM2 and AD+DM2, compared to healthy controls, reinforcing the strong correlation between DM2 and AD. Conclusions: This study shows peripheral alterations in the insulin signaling pathway proteins, confirming the relation between DM2 and AD and pointing out the importance of characterizing in detail the insulin signaling pathways, as they may play a key role in the pathogenesis of AD.