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[A prime-boost vaccination strategy using a Semliki Forest virus replicon vectored DNA vaccine followed by a recombinant adenovirus protects pigs from classical swine fever].

We have previously evaluated a Semliki Forest virus (SFV) replicon vectored DNA vaccine (pSFV1CS2-E2) and a recombinant adenovirus (rAdV-E2) expressing the E2 glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) in pigs. The results showed that the immunized pigs were protected from virulent challenge, but few pigs showed short-term fever and occasional pathological changes following virulent challenge. To enhance the immunogenecity of the vaccines, we tried a prime-boost vaccination strategy using a combination of prime with pSFV1CS2-E2 followed by boost with rAdV-E2. The results showed that all the immunized pigs developed high-level CSFV-specific antibodies following prime-boost immunization. When challenged with virulent CSFV, the immunized pigs (n = 5) from the heterologous boost group showed no clinical symptoms, and CSFV RNA was not detected following challenge, whereas one of five pigs from the homologous boost group developed short-term fever and CSFV RNA was detected. This demonstrates that the heterologous prime-boost vaccination regime has the potential to prevent against virulent challenge.