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Free Secondary Education in France before and after the Revolution

“Before the French Revolution,” said Ferdinand Buisson in 1911, “the principle of free instruction, that is, of education regarded as a public service, was unknown.” He added that of course the church had given free schooling to a few poor boys before 1789, and that the principle of free education was now well established in France “at least for the primary schools.” It is well known that free education in secondary schools, at the public expense, was not realized in France until 1933.