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A reverse droop based distributed control framework for DC distribution systems

A distributed control paradigm based on reverse droop primary controller is established to formulate a control framework for the problem of achieving voltage regulation and proportionate load current sharing in a DC microgrid scenario. It utilizes the hierarchical control approach to form a cyber-physical interaction layer of the DC distribution system. The adjustment/correction factors for the DC voltage is generated by the secondary control layer wherein the voltage and current observers process the neighboring agents' dataset to effectively regulate the DC voltage. The proposed control achieves faster dynamics as compared to a conventional V-I droop controller thereby enabling improved transient and steady state dynamics. The controller is subjected to various test cases like plug-n-play capability, switched networks, remote and local load changes, resiliency to communication delays, etc. in order to investigate its robustness to disturbances and uncertainties. A low voltage DC microgrid test-bench with underlying buck converters with dispatchable energy source inputs is employed to validate the aforementioned features. The paper considers the functioning of the microgrid test-bench under various load dynamics such as constant power loads (CPLs) and resistive loads.