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The role of the southern Libyan Saharan cities in building their relations with neighbouring countires

The southern Libyan cities (Ghat, Murzuq, and Al-Kufra) played their
 political, economic, and social role in Libyan relations with neighbouring
 countries during various historical phases. These cities paved the way for
 building economic relations, especially the exchange of goods between North
 and South Africa through Mediterranean ports to Europe. The main goal of
 the research is to stress the role of the Saharan towns and cities in
 building relations between Libya and neighbouring countries and to tracking
 the political, economic and social impacts on Saharan cities, but also their
 effects between the northern African region and southern Libya towards
 African Sub-Saharan region. Additionally, it is important to explain the
 role of southern cities geographically in the influx of illegal migration
 of temporary transit and settlement areas and crossing north to Europe and
 studying the impact of instability and insecurity after 2011 in the tribal
 and ethnic conflict in southern Libyan region. The importance of the study
 is based on identifying the political, economic, and social conditions of
 southern Libyan region and its important historical cities.