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High-Energy Charge-Separated States by Reductive Electron Transfer Followed by Electron Shift in the Tetraphenylethylene–Aluminum(III) Porphyrin–Fullerene Triad

A high-potential supramolecular triad (TPE-AlPor ← Im-C60) composed of aluminum(III) porphyrin (AlPor), fullerene (C60), and tetraphenylethylene (TPE) has been constructed. The fullerene and tetraphenylethylene units are bound axially to opposite faces of the porphyrin plane via coordination and covalent bonds, respectively. The ground and excited-state properties of the triad and reference dyads are studied using steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic techniques. The transient data show that photoexcitation results in charge separation from tetraphenylethylene to the excited singlet state of the porphyrin (1AlPor*), generating a high-energy (2.14 eV) charge-separated state, (TPE)•+-(AlPor)•–, in toluene. A subsequent electron migration from the AlPor–• to fullerene generates a second high-energy (1.78 eV) charge-separated state (TPE)•+-AlPor ← Im-(C60)•–. The lifetime of the charge separation is about 25 ns. The high energy stored in the form of charge-separated states along with their reasonable l...