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Acute‐onset epilepsy triggered by fever mimicking FIRES (febrile infection–related epilepsy syndrome): The role of protocadherin 19 (PCDH19) gene mutation

To report differences and similarities between febrile infection–related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) and epilepsy in female patients with protocadherin 19 (PCDH19) mutation. These are two recently described epileptic conditions characterized by drug‐resistant epilepsy and cognitive impairment. We report, as exemplification, one of our patients with acute‐onset epilepsy triggered by fever with clinical course resembling FIRES, but with a missense mutation of PCDH19 gene. The clinical characteristics of this patient are similar to those reported for FIRES. We believe that female patients with febrile acute‐onset epilepsy resembling FIRES are potential PCDH19 mutation carriers.