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Layered double hydroxide modified polyamide reverse osmosis membrane for improved permeability

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are typical two-dimensional nanomaterials, which can be easily modified to serve molecular transport channels for improving membrane’s performances. In this study, two types of LDHs, namely citric acid (CA) intercalated LDHs and carbon dots (CDs) intercalated LDHs, have been synthesized and used as nonofillers to modify polyamide (PA) thin-film composite reverse osmosis membranes. The influence of different concentrations of LDHs on the physicochemical properties and morphologies of the RO membranes was investigated. The chemical composition of the membranes was measured by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and the morphologies of the modified RO membranes were studied by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The obtained membranes exhibited sparser leaf-like structures, resulting in a flux of 33.2 L m−2 h−1, approximately 36% improvement compared with the unmodified membrane. Our results showed that LDHs modified PA membranes could effectively improve the permeability of the membrane.