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Glucagon therapy in canines with an insulinoma: A retrospective descriptive study of 11 dogs.

Canine insulinomas are uncommon neoplasms, which often result in refractory hypoglycemia. Glucagon is one readily available treatment for insulin-induced hypoglycemia. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate blood glucose trends and outcome (survival to discharge versus death or euthanasia) for dogs with insulinoma that were treated with glucagon. Secondary objectives included the description and influence of other variables such as abnormalities on diagnostic tests, physical examination abnormalities, concurrent administration of dextrose and/or glucocorticoids, and seizures. The median glucagon constant rate infusion dose was significantly higher for the non-survivors than for survivors. No other correlation was found between any of the independent variables evaluated when comparing blood glucose trends, length of hospitalization, and outcome. The main conclusion of the study is that glucagon therapy in insulinomas is an effective treatment to manage hypoglycemia.