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Dysregulation of PMN antigen expression in Type 2 diabetes may reflect a generalized defect of exocytosis: influence of hypertension and microalbuminuria

Defective exocytosis could underlie clinical and metabolic abnormalities in Type 2 diabetes. Because many SNARE proteins appear to be common mediators of exocytosis, we examined phorbol myristate acetate‐stimulated expression of CD11b and CD69 on polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) from Type 2 diabetic subjects with hypertension and microalbuminuria (D‐htma), hypertension only (D‐ht) or uncomplicated (D‐uc), and normal controls (NC) by flow cytometry. CD11b expression was rapid (half maximal by 7 min), initially on all PMN. CD69 expression took place subsequently but on PMN that did not express CD11b. The proportion of CD11b‐positive PMN at 30 min was higher in all diabetic groups than in NC. Expression of CD11b was higher and CD69 lower in D‐uc and D‐htma but were similar in NC and D‐ht. In Type 2 diabetes the transition from the CD11b‐positive to CD69‐positive state is impaired. The defect in the process of CD69 expression appeared most marked in diabetic subjects with hypertension and microalbuminuria. J. Leukoc. Biol. 65: 800–807; 1999.