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Characteristic Mode Synthesis of Scanning Beam Patterns for Aircraft Applications

Structural antenna concept attracts much attention in low frequency platform-integrated antenna designs. Because the size of VHF antennas is usually very large, it is conventionally challenging to mount multiple such antennas on an aircraft to obtain high gain and beam scanning ability. In this paper, an approach is developed to synthesize scanning beam patterns using the characteristic modes of an aircraft in VHF band. Broadside and scanned beam patterns with scan angle of 15°, 30°, and 45° in E-plane are synthesized and found approximated well to the designated patterns. The synthesized currents in the four cases give useful information on the optimal antenna element mounting locations for the excitation of the composite characteristic currents.