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The South Moresby Wilderness Dilemma

Probably Canada's most contentious question in environmental conservation is that concerning the South Moresby Wilderness. This remote area has been proposed as a national park; it is part of the Queen Charlotte Islands, an archipelago of some 150 islands that stretches from 75 (in the north) to 145 (in the south) kilometres off the west coast of Canada (Fig. 1). The South Moresby Wilderness, as part of the Queen Charlottes, belongs to the Province of British Columbia, which has approximately 5% of its landbase set aside in parks (under both federal and provincial jurisdiction) and provincial ecological reserves (Wilderness Advisory Committee, 1986). The South Moresby Wilderness is in the southernmost part of the island chain and includes 138 smaller islands as well as the southern part of Moresby, the second-largest island in the archipelago (Fig. 2). Because of its geographical isolation from the mainland, parts of this area may have existed as refugia from the last ice-age in North America, which receded some 10,000 years ago. The concept of refugia has been cited to explain why some island species have proven to be evolutionarily-differentiated from those on the mainland of North America (Foster, 1965).