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Mechanisms of Superplasticity in Titanium Alloys: Measurement, In Situ Observations and Rationalization

Surface observations are used to elucidate the deformation mechanisms responsible forsuperplasticity in the Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-4Al-2.5V-1.5Fe titanium alloys. First, stress relaxation testsare used to quantify the difference in superplastic behaviour of each alloy. Then, high-temperature insitutensile tests are performed in the scanning electron microscope at 700, 800, and 900°C to relatedifferences in formability to micro-mechanisms. These are found highly dependent on: (i) the grainsize; (ii) the alpha-to-beta volume fraction; (iii) the crystallographic texture; and (iv) the nature and angle ofthe dominant grain boundaries.