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A study on the pollination mechanism in field beans (Vicia faba L.)

Summary Inbred lines and hybrids of English tick and horse beans and exotic stocks were studied with respect to pod set, floral structure and pollen production and germination to find out why most inbred lines set few or no seeds without tripping whereas most hybrids and some inbred lines set equally well with or without tripping. The most important outcome was new information on variation between genotypes in flower structure and pollen quantity and on how these two characters affect the mechanics of self-pollination. Though heterosis in terms of abundant pollen production could be a factor in the self-pollinating ability of hybrids, some of the inbred lines were capable of self pollination despite limited pollen production, because the structure of the flower permitted the pollen to reach the stigma via a short route. The floral features associated with the ability to self-pollinate in the inbred lines included a relatively short style bending at more or less a right angle, few and short stylar hairs and stigmatic papillae, and less pronounced ridges on the inside of the keel petals. The implications of these findings to the development of self-pollin ated varieties of field beans are briefly discussed.