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Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the SF-8 Questionnaire in Tanzanian Swahili for a Traumatic Brain Injury Population

Background: There is a great need to study and to evaluate health-related quality of life in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The Knowledge about the characteristics of mental health in post-TBI people is an important point because it provides crucial information regarding the rehabilitation process. One of the ways to access people's quality of life is by using the SF-8 instrument, a shorter version of the SF-36, the most widely used patient-based assessment of health related quality of life. The aim of this research is to report the psychometric properties of the first translation and adaptation of the SF-8 to Swahili.Methods: A cross-cultural adaptation committee carried out the process of translation and content validation. The study was conducted with the participation of 192 adults who were traumatic brain injury patients from a registry in northern Tanzania. The instrument was evaluated according to confirmatory factor analysis, reliability and external validity.Results: The content analysis indicated that the translated and adapted version of the SF-8 questionnaire are clearly understandable within Tanzanian culture. Despite the parallel analysis suggested that SF-8 was best described by a two-factor model, in this study was considered only one factor, because in CFA the one factor performed better, with all items with factor loadings ranging from 0.85 to 0.99. The external validity showed that SF-8 scores correlate strongly with PHQ-9 instrument, and both dimensions (depression and anxiety) of K-6 instrument. These results confirm the instrument's ability to behave as expected in relation to the theoretical concept.Conclusions: The results show that the SF-8 instrument can provide relevant information about quality of life of TBI patients, then allow practitioners to better understand mental health and improve the treatment and follow-up of TBI patients.