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Acceptance, compliance and effects of compression stockings on venous functional symptoms and quality of life of Italian pregnant women.

AIM
The rates of pregnant women with functional symptoms of venous insufficiency who accepted or refused to wear therapeutic compression stockings were evaluated and compared in relation to their clinical evolution and their compliance levels.


METHODS
The observational study was conducted in pregnant women between 4 and 28 weeks of amenorrhea presenting a CEAP C0S to C3S venous disease. Therapeutic compression stockings (BSN medical, UltraSheer Maternity stockings, 15-20 mmHg) were offered to pregnant women satisfying the inclusion criteria during routine check visits, and both groups of patients (those who accepted as well as those who refused) were followed up until the end of the pregnancy. The clinical profiles of both groups and the evolution of the venous insufficiency were monitored and compared. The women were requested to indicate pain and further quality of life parameter by means of a specific questionnaire (CIVIQ).


RESULTS
Ninety-eight women were included in the study and followed up; 30.6% (N.=30) of the women refused to wear compression stockings (Wr), 69.4% accepted 10.6% were not compliant to a daily wear (Wanc) and 58.8% wore them every day (Wac). Leg pain was more prominent in case of the Wac group (49.5 ± 21.3) than in case of the Wanc (42.1 ± 20.4) and Wr groups (36.6 ± 18). Their global quality also decreased (48.8 ± 15.7 vs. 43.6 ± 16.1 and 36.6 ± 15.6). Regular use of compression stockings led to decrease of pain (Wac -17 ± 10.1 vs. Wanc -10.3 ± 10.5 vs. Wr -4.2 ± 9.8 [P < 0.0001]) and enhanced total quality of life (Wac 13.5 ± 9.6 vs. Wanc 10.7 ± 11.3 vs. Wr -3.3 ± 9.4 [P < 0.0001). Similar results were observed on the CIVIQ subscale (pain, psychological, social, physical impact of legs' pain on women quality of life).


CONCLUSION
In daily practice, more than two third of the pregnant women accepted to wear compression stockings. The use of compression stockings reduced the legs pain and increased the quality of life of pregnant women.