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Continued absence of sabellid fan worms ( Terebrasabella heterouncinata ) among intertidal gastropods at a site of eradication in California , USA

Reaching a conclusion that a non-indigenous species is truly absent following an eradication process requires sampling at relevant spatial and temporal scales. The South African gastropod shell-dwelling sabellid polychaete Terebrasabella heterouncinata became locally established within abalone farms in California, USA in the mid-1990s and among turban snails Chlorostoma (Tegula) spp. in the intertidal discharge zone outside one farm. An eradication program was developed and implemented in the farm discharge zone in 1996 by reducing local host density, and sampling during 1998 detected no sabellids. We conducted nine thorough follow-up surveys annually from 2001 to 2009 (mean 1,738 shells per annum, N = 15,647) and found no sabellids present at the farm discharge location. It appears that the sabellid worm has been eradicated from this site despite the continued abundance of hosts. These data provide confirmation of the successful application of the host-density threshold approach to achieving eradication of a host-dependent invasive species.