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Microbial consortia adaptation to substrate changes in anaerobic digestion

Abstract Renewable natural gas (RNG) produced from anaerobic digestion (AD) of agricultural residues is emerging a serious biofuel alternative. Complex nature of lignocellulosic biomass residues coupled with complex biochemical transformations involving a large spectrum of microbial communities make anaerobic digestion of biomass difficult to understand and control. The present work aims at studying adaptation of microbial consortia in AD to substrates changes and correlating these to biogas generation. The double edged study deals with (a) using a common starting culture inoculum on different fractions of pretreated lignocellulosic biomass (LBM) fractions; and (b) using different starter inocula for gas generation from simple glucose substrate. Taxonomic analysis using 16S amplicon sequencing is shown to highlight changes in microbial community structure and predominance, majorly in hydrolytic bacterial populations. Observed variations in the rate of digestion with different starter inocula could be related to differences in microbial community structure and relative abundance. Results with different treated biomass fractions as substrates indicated that AD performance could be related to abundance of substrate-specific microbial communities. The work is a step to a deeper understanding of AD processes that may lead to better control and operation of AD for super-scale production of RNG from biomass feedstocks.