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Study of antihypertensive activity of Anvillea radiata in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats and HPLC-ESI-MS analysis.

OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the aqueous extract of Anvillea radiate (A. radiata) aerial parts (AEAR) on arterial blood pressure in normotensive and hypertensive rats.


METHODS
The effect of the acute and sub-chronic administration of AEAR on the following blood pressure parameters: systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean blood pressure (MBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR) was evaluated in normotensive and L-NAME induced hypertensive rats. In the second experiment the vasorelaxant effect of AEAR was assessed in isolated rat aortic rings with functional endothelium pre-contracted with epinephrine (EP) or KCl, and six antagonists/inhibitors were used to explore the mechanisms of action involved in the vasorelaxant effect. In order to determine the phytochemical contents of Anvillea radiata HPLC-ESI-MS analysis was conducted.


RESULTS
Daily oral administration of AEAR (100 mg/kg) provoked a significant decrease in SBP, MBP, and DBP without affecting HR in hypertensive rats. In addition, AEAR (0.08-0.64 mg/ml) revealed a vasorelaxant effect in thoracic aortic rings pre-contracted by EP (10 µM) or KCl (80 mM). This effect was reduced in the presence of Nifedipine, L-Name or Methylene blue. The polyphenolic compounds of AEAR were determined.


CONCLUSION
This study revealed that AEAR possesses a potent antihypertensive activity and its vasorelaxant activity seems to be mediated through Ca2+ channels, direct nitric oxide (NO), and NO/cGMP pathways. Chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid identified in A. radiata could be at least partially responsible for the antihypertensive activity of this extract.