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Singapore's Troubled Relations with Malaysia: A Singapore Perspective

The bilateral ties between Singapore and Malaysia in 2002 were marked by high-profile disputes over many issues, in particular over water. Other issues included the reaction towards land reclamation in Singapore, the management of the lighthouse on Pulau Pisang by Singapore, the banning of the use of the tudung in Singapore schools, and Singapore's bilateral Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) with other countries. These disputes demonstrate that the relations between Singapore and Malaysia continue to be driven by fundamentally competitive forces which show little sign of dissipating in the foreseeable future. Shared key interests such as economic interlinkages as well as the fight against terrorism may have mitigated the intensity of the differences to a certain extent but the overall tone remains conflictual. The outlook is not necessarily bleak. There remains a potential for bilateral ties to be brought to a modus vivendi in which both sides, while acknowledging deeply differing interests, nevertheless are cognizant of the detrimental effects of over-intense competition. Singapore and Malaysia can look for ways to work more closely according to the principle that harmonious ties are likely to lead to better economic and security conditions for both countries.