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Acute E-cig Inhalation impacts Vascular Health: A study in smoking naïve subjects.

OBJECTIVE
This study was designed to investigate the acute effects of non-nicotinized e-cigarette (e-cig) aerosol inhalation in nonsmokers both in terms of blood-based markers of inflammation and oxidative stress and evaluate their association with hemodynamic-metabolic MRI parameters quantifying peripheral vascular reactivity, cerebrovascular reactivity and aortic stiffness. Approach and Results: Thirty-one healthy nonsmokers were subjected to two blood draws and two identical MRI protocols, each one before and after a standardized e-cig vaping session. After vaping, the serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM-1), the danger signal machinery high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) and its downstream effector, the NLRP3 inflammasome (as monitored by its adaptor protein ASC), increased significantly relative to the respective baseline (pre-vaping) values. Moreover, nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production decreased and increased, respectively. These observations were paralleled by impaired peripheral vascular reactivity (with reduced flow mediated dilation and attenuated hyperemic response after a cuff-occlusion test), and metabolic alterations expressed by decreased venous oxygen saturation, post-vaping.


CONCLUSION
The current results suggest propagation of inflammation signaling via activation of the danger signaling axis (HMGB1-NLRP3). The findings indicate that a single episode of vaping has adverse impacts on vascular inflammation and function.