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Efficient Model Querying with VMQL

Context: Despite model querying being an important practical problem, existing solutions lack either usability, expressiveness, or generality. The Visual Model Query Language (VMQL) is a query byexample solution created to satisfy these requirements simultaneously. Objective: In the present paper we study whether VMQL queries can be executed in an efficient way, such that VMQL is suitable for ad-hoc model querying in practical settings involving large models. Method: We study VMQL query execution performance on sets of models ranging over a broad spectrum of sizes and degrees of complexity. The models are based on large and realistic case studies. Results: We observe that our approach exhibits competitive performance, while providing superior usability and generality.