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William Hale. The Political and Economic Development of Modern Turkey. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1981. 279 pp., appendix, bibliography, index. $32.50

William Hale of the Department of Politics at the University of Durham, England has set out to write a descriptive account of economic development in the Turkish Republic since 1923. He cites two principal reasons for his interest in this topic: first, Turkey is a developing country, which has experienced transformation in its economic and social structure over the past seven decades; and, second, Turkey is possibly unique in applying the concept of planned (and, one might add, selfreliant) economic development long before this became the fad among Third World countries. Moreover, Hale notes that Turkish economic development has proceeded since World War II under the aegis of an essentially liberal and competitive political system.