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Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol for Congestion Control in Wireless Sensor Network

Congestion is a topic that is still mainly unresolved and little addressed in Wireless Sensor Networks. When a mote receives excess data more than it can handle, it must buffer the redundant or duplicate data. Congestion happens when the finite buffer memory gets packed, forcing additional data to be lost. This wastes the sensor nodes’ communication and energy resources, as well as lowering the event detection reliability due to packet drops. A congestion control system based on the optimal rate is developed to deliver energy-efficient transmissions. To optimise power usage throughout the system, a rate-based congestion management technique focusing on cluster routing is proposed. The rate regulation technique maximizes the throughput, extending the lifespan of the network over a longer sampling period. The M-GEAR protocol clusters the nodes at first. The rate management is then carried out with the help of the firefly optimization approach, which is designed for the high packet delivery aspect. Ultimately, M-Gear is used to carry out routing process in order to deliver packets with the maximum potential throughput and the optimized energy.