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Effects of increased lysine and energy feeding duration prior to parturition on sow and litter performance, piglet survival, and colostrum quality.

A total of 467 sows were used to evaluate the effect of feeding duration of increased lysine (Lys) and metabolizable energy (ME) prior to farrowing on sow and litter performance, piglet survival, and colostrum quality. Sows were blocked by body weight (BW) and parity category on d 106 of gestation, and allotted to 1 of 3 dietary regimens starting on d 107 of gestation: 1) Control: 2.0 kg/d gestation feed (12.5 g SID Lys and 6.5 Mcal ME) until d 113 of gestation, then 2.7 kg/d lactation feed (28 g SID Lys and 9.4 Mcal ME) until parturition; 2) 2.0 kg/d gestation feed (12.5 g SID Lys and 6.5 Mcal ME) until d 113 of gestation, then 3.8 kg/d lactation feed (40 g SID Lys and 13.3 Mcal ME) until parturition; or 3) 3.8 kg/d lactation feed (40 g SID Lys and 13.3 Mcal ME) until parturition. Data were analyzed for treatment within parity effects using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS. Increasing the duration of feeding additional Lys and ME increased (P < 0.05) sow weight gain from d 106 to 113. Sow backfat gain from d 106 to 113 of gestation increased (P < 0.05) in gilts and sows fed 3.8 kg/d of the lactation diet starting on d 107 vs. the control regimen. Average total born and born alive piglet birth weight (BiWt) was greater (P < 0.05) in gilts fed 3.8 kg/d lactation diet starting on d 107 or 113 vs. control, with no evidence (P > 0.05) for difference in piglet BiWt in sows or weaning weight in gilts and sows. Piglet mortality after cross-foster to weaning was decreased (P < 0.05) in sows fed 3.8 kg/d lactation diet starting on d 113 vs. control or increased lactation diet starting on d 107, but not in gilts. Litter gain from cross-foster to weaning was decreased (P < 0.05) in gilts fed 3.8 kg/d lactation diet starting on d 107 compared to control, with no evidence for difference in sows. Colostrum immunoglobulin G was increased (P < 0.05) in gilts and sows fed 3.8 kg/d of the lactation diet starting on d 113 compared to control. There was no evidence dietary regimen influenced (P > 0.05) piglet colostrum intake or colostrum yield. There was no evidence for difference (P > 0.05) among regimens in wean-to-estrus interval, subsequent farrowing rate, or subsequent litter characteristics. In conclusion, feeding increased Lys and ME prior to farrowing increased BW and backfat. Feeding increased Lys and ME when gilts were moved into the farrowing room increased BiWt, but reduced litter growth to weaning, with little evidence sow performance was influenced in this study.