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Preserving Health of Energy Storage System toward Cooperation with Wind Power

Wind operators in many parts of the world are required to incorporate energy storage system (ESS) into the grid, which adjusts for fluctuations of wind power. Existing studies generally pay attention to the value and revenue of ESS participating in the electricity market with wind power, but often ignore the precise measurement of the degradation cost caused by frequent regulation of ESS. Therefore, this paper proposes a bidding strategy of wind power and ESS joint market to protect the life of ESS, which takes into account the cost caused by ESS degradation while restraining wind fluctuation and improving the overall revenues. A battery equivalent circuit model considering dynamic degradation is proposed, the state of health (SOH) of ESS is quantified as the residual capacity ratio, and the functional relationship between the parameters such as power, efficiency and internal resistance in the equivalent circuit and SOH is studied. Then, the optimal bidding model of wind power and ESS participating in the energy and frequency regulation market is constructed. Case studies based on realistic datasets demonstrate that the degradation of ESS can be significantly reduced by 50%. Thus, the market revenues of wind power and ESS can be improved by 10%.