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Religious Practices Reflected in the Book of Hosea

The book of Hosea has many references to religious practices, some acceptable to the prophet and others strongly condemned. Certain of the practices are clearly drawn from Canaanite worship practices, and those of Israel's other neighbors; other practices are clearly common to Israel's faith community. The purpose of this article is to survey these religious practices to determine what elements constituted the worship practices of Israel during Hosea's time. It will be helpful to distinguish those practices which were acceptable in the "official" religion and those found in "popular" religion. Generally, most scholars consider the principal charge made by Hosea against the people of Israel to be that of apostasy, of forsaking the LORD and worshiping the Baals: