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A Study on Chikv-Denv Co-Infection in West Bengal, India.

Background: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and dengue viruses (DENV) are both present individually in West Bengal and infection caused by both simultaneously has been recorded since 1965. Objectives: In 2011, a study was carried out to detect co-infection due to both the viruses from 671 blood samples collected from febrile patients attending OPDs and in-patient departments of different tertiary care hospitals of Kolkata and different district hospitals of West Bengal from March 2011-November 2011. The samples were tested for immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody against both CHIKV and DENV by the enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Result: 493 patients (73.47%) had IgM antibody against CHIKV and 105 (15.65%) patients had IgM antibody against DENV, whereas 41 patients (6.11%) had IgM antibodies against both CHIKV and DENV. Fever, joint pain, rashes, headache, body-ache were the common complaints. Severe arthralgia and joint swelling was complained mainly by the CHIKV-positive cases. Headache, retro-orbital pain and altered sensorium were mainly associated with DENV positive cases. No mortality was observed. Conclusion: Detection of IgM antibodies by ELISA against both appears to play an important role in differentiating between the two and initiating proper treatment.