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Small interference RNA modulation of IL‐10 in human monocyte‐derived dendritic cells enhances the Th1 response

RNA interference technology has been used to modulate dendritic cell (DC) function by targeting the expression of genes such as IL‐12 and NF‐kB. In this paper, we demonstrate that transfectionof DC with IL‐10‐specific double strands of small interference RNA (siRNA) resulted in potent suppression of IL‐10 gene expression without inducing DC apoptosis or blocking DC maturation. Inhibition of IL‐10 by siRNA was accompanied by increased CD40 expression and IL‐12 production after maturation, which endowed DC with the ability to significantly enhance allogeneic T cell proliferation. IL‐10 siRNA transfection did not affect MHC class II, CD86, CD83, or CD54 expression in mature DC. To further test the ability of IL‐10 siRNA‐treated DC to induce a T cell response, naive CD4 T cells were stimulated by autologous DC pulsed with KLH. The results indicated that IL‐10 siRNA‐transfected DC enhanced Th1 responses by increasing IFN‐γ and decreasing IL‐4 production. These findings suggest the potential for a novel immunotherapeutic strategy of using IL‐10 siRNA‐transfected antigen‐presenting cells as vaccine delivery agents to boost the Th1 response against pathogens and tumors that are controlled by Th1 immunity.