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Dying neurons in thalamus of asphyxiated term newborns and rats are autophagic

Neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) still carries a high burden by its mortality and long‐term neurological morbidity in survivors. Apart from hypothermia, there is no acknowledged therapy for HIE, reflecting the lack of mechanistic understanding of its pathophysiology. (Macro)autophagy, a physiological intracellular process of lysosomal degradation, has been proposed to be excessively activated in excitotoxic conditions such as HIE. The present study examines whether neuronal autophagy in the thalamus of asphyxiated human newborns or P7 rats is enhanced and related to neuronal death processes.