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Xenotransplantation – ethics and regulation

Abstract:  Healthcare workers, researchers, and policy makers find themselves in challenging times, being required to make (often prompt) decisions in the face of novel ethical dilemmas. Moral theory may assist with decision‐making in complex areas of medicine such as the xenotransplantation of insulin‐producing cells to reverse diabetes. Moral theory attempts to capture intuitions about whether an action is right or wrong and it may gives us a deeper understanding of moral claims as it gives us an account as to why an action is good or bad. We may opt to choose different ethical frameworks such as consequentialism, principlism or a duty‐based approach, to assist with deciding a certain action in a particular scenario. The xenotransplantation of porcine insulin‐producing cells is a potential solution to the shortage of human tissue. It is crucial for the advancement of xenotransplantation that the benefits to society outweigh the risks and whilst there is enormous potential to assist mankind, there are unique bioethical challenges and dilemmas.