{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.024850042844901457, 'fraction_numerical': 0.012853470437017995, 'mean_word_length': 6.3, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
FK506 ENHANCED OSTEOBLASTIC DIFFERENTIATION IN MESENCHYMAL CELLS

Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) is a bone‐derived growth factor capable of promoting the differentiation of mesenchymal cells into osteogenic lineage pathways. Recently, immunosuppressants were reported to cause a moderate increase in osteoblastic differentiation in a rat osteoblast‐like osteosarcoma cell line. If immunosuppressants can induce osteoblastic differentiation, it will be useful for bone tissue transplantation. We assessed the effect of immunosuppressants with or without BMP‐4 on inducing osteoblastic differentiation in osteoblast‐like and other mesenchymal cells. FK506, an immunosuppressant often used clinically, induced a dose‐ and time‐dependent increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, one of the markers of osteoblast differentiation, in cells derived from mesenchyma. In the presence of BMP‐4, ALP activity, mRNA levels of ALP and osteocalcin increased. FK506 was found to not only stimulate osteoblastic differentiation, but also to enhance BMP‐4 induced osteoblastic differentiation. These results suggest that FK506 promotes differentiation of osteoblastic cells.