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Leadership Opposition To Consolidation

Supported by a Republican mayor and passed by a Republican-dominated state legislature, Indianapolis and Marion County, Indiana, on January 1, 1970, became one of an increasing number of metropolitan areas to consolidate their separate and independent units of local government. Although such consolidation often is advocated by both political scientists and urban administrators (see Jones, 1942; Banfield and Wilson, 1963; Hawley and Zimmer, 1967; Hester, 1970), it has in every case succeeded only after a struggle with formidable and persistent opposition. In the case of Nashville, Tennessee, for example, two attempts, separated by a four-year interval, were necessary to finally accomplish consolidation (see Elazar, 1961; Booth, 1963). Surprisingly, only a few of the many studies of metropolitan consolidation have focused upon the nature of public or elite opposition. While Hawley and Zimmer (1970: 5) are primarily concerned with voter opposition, their complaint is that