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Methods for increasing the conversion efficiency of solar cells

Solar energy is the most promising new energy. It is inexhaustible, and the use of solar energy will not damage the earth’s ecology and environment; Safe, no pollution, low utilization cost, and not restricted by geographical conditions. The solar cell converts light energy into electrical energy and transmits it to the load. When the non-uniform semiconductor (PN junction) is irradiated with light of appropriate wavelength, the electromotive force is generated inside the semiconductor due to the action of the internal field. Solar cell is a semiconductor photovoltaic element that converts light energy into electrical energy, using the photovoltaic effect of semiconductor. The main focus of solar cell design is to increase their conversion efficiency. This paper focuses on methods for increasing the conversion efficiency of solar cells, which can lead to more efficient energy for space technology. The conversion efficiency of a solar cell is defined as the ratio of the output electrical energy to the incident light energy. This paper focuses on the following methods to increase the conversion efficiency: enabling the solar cells to correspond to a wider spectrum and gradient doping. We have found that some of these methods can be applied to different solar cell materials. They are also quite realizable and can be put into practical production.