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AN INNOVATION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE BY MICRONEEDLES : A REVIEW

Transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) provides controlled and continuous input of drugs, especially those with short biological half-life, they are designed to deliver therapeutically effective concentration of drug through patient skin. Normally hypodermic needles are used in clinical practice to deliver medication across the skin, especially vaccines. Injections with hypodermic needles are essential from clinical point of view, but they are painful, they may induce hypersensitivity reactions, bruising or bleeding at the site of injection. So, in order to overcome these drawbacks associated with hypodermic needles in clinical practice, we designed micro needles. Microneedles have been designed as novel drug delivery carrier for Transdermal drug delivery system, they are similar to traditional needles, but they are of the size range from 1 micron to 100 microns in length and 1 micron in diameter. Microneedles are also known as micro scale needles arranged on a Transdermal patch, these are micro structure system composed of micronized array projections coated with a drug or vaccine. They improve patient compliance as self-administration is possible, micro needles are divided into four types: hollow, solid, coated and polymer. Hydrogel forming micro needles with super swelling properties shows enhanced stability and better patient acceptability.