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Coronary artery bypass surgery in a patient with congenital absence of the left pericardium.

Figure 1: Intra-operative view. Right pericardium (A). Congenital absence of the left pericardium (prevalence between 1 in 10 000 and 1 in 14 000) (B). Notice the rotation of the heart to the left pleural cavity. Figure 2: Intra-operative view. Right pericardium (A). Right ventricle (B). Left lung (C). Complete absence of the left pericardium. Aortovenous bypass (grafted onto two obtuse marginal artery branches and on the posterior descending artery) (D). Left internal thoracic artery (grafted on the LAD) (E).