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Identification of dry and wet soil conditions using TRMM/TMI brightness temperatures and potential for drought monitoring

In this study we present a methodology for monitoring drought conditions directly from microwave brightness temperature observations. Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM)/TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI) 10.7 GHz brightness temperatures were analysed along with TRMM merged rainfall products during June–August for 4 years to depict the spatial and temporal extent of dry and wet soil conditions. Comparison of brightness temperature anomalies with rainfall anomalies clearly shows the contrasting features of drought year 2002 and normal monsoon year 2001.