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Gastrointestinal diseases in the paediatric age groups in Europe: epidemiology and impact on healthcare

As a whole, during the last 10 years, the prevalence of gastrointestinal infections has decreased, while that of chronic inflammatory bowel disease and food allergy has increased in Western Europe and Scandinavian countries. With the development of novel screening methods it has become apparent that coeliac disease and its associated consequences can now be considered as one of the most common digestive disorders in children in many European countries. Epidemiological differences remain between the east and west of Europe. Data based on large-scale epidemiological studies is still lacking regarding food allergy and surprisingly also regarding gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in children, apart from infants. In Europe, as in the USA, the increasing problems of obesity and constipation may be attributed to disturbances in dietary habits and nutritional intake.