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Three‐factor prothrombin complex concentrates for refractory bleeding after cardiovascular surgery within an algorithmic approach to haemostasis

Prothrombin complex concentrates (PCC) are increasingly administered off‐label in the United States to treat bleeding in cardiovascular surgical patients and carry the potential risk for acquired thromboembolic side‐effects after surgery. Therefore, we hypothesized that the use of low‐dose 3‐factor (3F) PCC (20‐30 IU/kg), as part of a transfusion algorithm, reduces bleeding without increasing postoperative thrombotic/thromboembolic complications.