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Colonization of Leptoconops kerteszi Kieffer by anautogenous and autogenous reproduction (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae).

This study of Leptoconops kerteszi Kieffer was conducted in Utah from 1 March 1969 to 15 September 1970. The field studies were concentrated on the sandy shore of the Great Salt Lake and vicinity and the laboratory work at the University of Utah. A colony of L. kerteszi was established and as of 1 September 1970, five generations have been produced. The colony was stocked with larvae collected in the field to produce the parent generation. A medium of oolitic sand, alfalfa leaf meal and dog biscuits was satisfactory for oviposition and larval rearing. Swarming and mating were induced and occurred spontaneously in the colony cages. The life history in the cages was completed in 30 days and in the field may be extended to 250 days. There were several generations in a year. Eggs and larvae overwinter and eggs can survive extended periods of drought and high temperatures. Larvae are seldom found at depths greater than 15 cm and pupation takes place on the surface of the soil. The males swarm and the females mate by entering the swarm or may copulate without swarming. Females readily fed in the colony cages on rabbit, guinea pig and human blood. Autogeny occurs in some females. The females survive about 8 days and each produces from 50 to 95 eggs. About an equal number of eggs are produced by anautogenous and autogenous females.