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Assessment of Cognitive Status in Type 2 Diabetes

Introduction: The increasing prevalence of diabetes over the world has become an important public health problem. Diabetes is considered a non-communicable disease nowadays, with about 173 million diabetic people over the world. Generally, problems for the elderly are impaired activities of daily living (ADL) and cognitive dysfunction. Central nervous system involvement is increasingly recognized as a possible complication of diabetes. Cognitive impairment might be another factor associated with poor diabetes control and also with bad adherence of patients to educational approaches, such as diet orientations. 
Objective: To assess the cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes. 
Methods: A cross sectional study was designed and patients were recruited from Abbasi Shaheed Hospital with a non-probability convenient sampling. Patients having type 2 diabetes over 30 years of age were included and patients with blindness, stroke and psychiatric disorders were excluded. Sample size was done by using the WHO software and a sample of 200 cases was collected. Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale was the data collection tool. Cronbach’s a coefficient of 0.54 – 0.96. Sensitivity & Specificity reported an average sensitivity of 75% among dementia patients and reported specificity of 62% - 100%. The study protocol was approved by ethical review committee. 
Results: A one-way multivariate analysis of variance was run to determine the effect of diabetes on cognitive impairment among the four clinical parameters of cognition. The difference in cognitive impairment between the four clinical parameters of cognition was statistically significant. 
Conclusion: The diabetes associated with HCV is more as compared to HBV.