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Targeting T-cell immunometabolism during transplantation

The balance between the immune system and its metabolism is becoming an
effective therapeutic alternative in various inflammatory diseases,
including organ transplantation. The interaction between the immune and
metabolic pathways play a critical role in dictating disease pathology
and progression, and the differences in the bioenergetic demands between
immune cells enable them to differentiate into effector and regulatory
cells. Recent studies have suggested that changes in intracellular
metabolic programs control T cell activation, proliferation and
differentiation into T effector (Teffs) or T regulatory cells (Tregs),
and metabolic differences between Tregs and Teffs can shift the balance
toward a more specific immune tolerance in organ rejection.
Pharmacological targeting of T cells metabolism affects the balance
between effector and regulatory function of T cells.This therapeutic
modulation are of great interest in cancer, autoimmunity, and organ
transplantation. In this review, we discuss major metabolic pathways
that influence the activation, proliferation and differentiation of
Tregs, and also special emphasis on liver kinase B1 (LKB1) pathway that
provide stability of Tregs. We also highlight how Tregs metabolic
regulome and LKB1 signaling pathway relationship contribute to rescue
organ transplants from associated injuries and chronic rejection.