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Investigation on Thermally-Induced Nonlinearity of Organic Solvents and Real-Time Visualization of the Nucleophilic Addition Reaction Using Spatial Cross-phase Modulation.

We report on the study of the thermally-induced nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of the commonly used organic solvents at the near-infrared range using spatial cross-phase modulation (SXPM). The results indicate that those solvents (alcohols, formic acid and acetic acid) with functional groups -OH and -COOH have obvious NLO effect at near-infrared due to the third overtone absorption of the O-H band. Besides, the NLO effect of the ketones and aldehydes is enhanced when water or nitric acid is added, because the products with -OH and -COOH are generated respectively according to the nucleophilic addition reactions. Finally, real-time visualization of acetone nucleophilic addition reaction is realized by monitoring the SXPM diffraction patterns variation with time. This work is not only of importance in studying the NLO properties of the materials, e. g, interpreting the results performed in solutions, selecting suitable solvents, but also provides a simple way to visualize chemical reaction.