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CHAPTER 10: OPHTHALMOSCOPY

Ophthalmoscopy permits assessment of the eyeground and the refractive media. If the media are blurred, it is difficult to assess the fundus, and sometimes only ultrasound can elucidate the morphological status of the eye. In the present material this was needed in only a very few cases. The retina of the premature infant is considered to be more immature and vulnerable perinatally than in a full-term infant. The most violent reaction is seen in full-blown retrolental fibroplasia, but the normal structural and functional differentiation may be disturbed also in a less dramatic way. In the present material there were definite cases of retrolental fibroplasia, but below it will be endeavoured rather to present an estimate of minor retinal damage as morphologically reflected in the ophthalmoscope. A brief review of the literature will be given as a necessary background to the present findings: