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The Effect of Electrode Placement in Measuring Ipsilateral/Contralateral Segmental Bioelectrical Impedance

Recent advances in the application of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) have indicated that a more accurate approach to estimating body water volumes is to consider the impedance of the various body segments rather than simply that of the whole body.1,2 However, locating the physical demarcation between both the trunk and leg, and also the trunk and arm, introduces a significant error in the impedance measurements. We recently demonstrated that, with the commonly used right-hand/ right-foot drive-electrode positions, the contralateral (i.e., left) wrist and ankle are the optimum electrode sites for measuring the arm/trunk and trunk/leg demarcations, respectively.3 This presentation details our extension of this concept to all four combinations of contraand ipsilateral drive-electrode positions.