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Effects of Mode of Presentation of Stimulus Materials in Word-Association Tasks

Differences in paradigmatic response to oral and visual presentation of word-association tasks were compared at 4 age levels (n = 40). The syntagmatic/paradigmatic shift was investigated as a function of mode of stimulus presentation. Younger Ss produced more paradigmatic responses than older Ss. The oral mode produced more paradigmatic responses than the visual mode for all Ss. The syntagmatic/paradigmatic shift did not occur, nor was the variation across age groups consistent for the two modalities. Evidence indicated that response to. word-association tasks was a function of stimulus modality.