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Dietary prescriptions for the overweight patient: the potential benefits of low‐carbohydrate diets in insulin resistance

Obesity in the USA continues to be a medical problem of epidemic proportions, affecting one‐third of American adults. This increase in body weight and body mass index (BMI) is a risk factor for insulin resistance; individuals with insulin resistance are at increased risk for the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The identification of effective dietary treatments (e.g. low‐carbohydrate diet, low‐fat diet) for patient populations with insulin resistance remains controversial. While a variety of dietary approaches will result in weight and cardiac risk factor reduction, individuals who have been identified as insulin‐resistant may derive additional short‐term weight loss results from a low‐carbohydrate diet compared to a low‐fat diet.