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Study of erythrocyte shape changes in schistosomiasis.

The aim of this work was to study the red cell morphology in different stages of schistosomiasis. Patients were divided into three groups according to the stage of the disease. For each patient, complete clinical examination, liver function tests, renal function tests, complete blood picture, scanning electron microscopy for erythrocytes (SEM) and abdominal ultrasonography were done. Abnormal morphologic changes of a total discoid flat cells of 70.14%, margin changes of 12.34% and 3.55% of cup forms were found. To our knowledge, these marked changes were not reported in any other disease. No statistical differences were found between red cell shape changes and stage of liver disease. There was a positive correlation between portal vein diameter and percentage of flat discoid forms and a negative correlation between surface changes and clinical stage of liver disease. These changes are known to be accompanied by reduction of red cell deformability and impaired capillary flow.