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New Theory of Matter

The relation between electricity and matter and the relation between gravity and electromagnetism have been studied since Maxwell's time. But, as the theory of electromagnetism was developed under the framework of special relativity and the gravitational theory under the framework of general relativity, up to now, a satisfactory theory of ordinary matter and gravitational matter, which combines gravity and electrodynamics under the same theoretical framework does not exist. In this paper we put forward a theory that combines electrodynamics and Newtonian gravity under the same theoretical framework, which is an extension of the symmetrical theory of electromagnetism, where two kinds of matter fields are considered: a complex three-dimensional vector field “M”, which is the generalized polarization matter field, and a complex scalar field “g”, which is the gauge matter field. Normally, in the field theory of electromagnetism the gauge fields “gm” and “ge” are assumed to be zero; in this paper we explore the consequences of “gm” being very small but not zero. We show that the potentials fields of electrodynamics, which are produced by a very small “gm” (<10−24), are proportional to acceleration fields that can be interpreted as gravitational fields, and they are also proportional to matter fields that constitute a new kind of three-dimensional matter fields. The “gravitational mass density” is proportional to the gauge matter field. These new kind of matter fields, of gravitational origin, transport energy and momentum as normal matter fields. Using the continuity equation for the linear momentum of the combined electromagnetic field and both types of matter fields, we show that at short spatial ranges the dominant forces are the magnetic forces; after magnetic neutralization, at intermediate spatial ranges the dominant forces are the electric forces; and after electric neutralization, at long spatial ranges the remaining forces are the gravitational forces. It is believed that these results, besides its academic interest, could be useful to get a better interpretation of the interaction between the electromagnetic field and the matter described at the chemical or biological level.