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Highly Transparent ZnO/Polyvinyl Alcohol Hybrid Films with Controlled Crystallographic Orientation Growth

Electrodeposition has been used as a low temperature, soft method to prepare ZnO/polymer hybrid films. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has been chosen as the water-soluble polymer additive. Films prepared at PVA concentrations ranging between 2 and 10 g L−1 are electrically conducting and contain well-crystallized ZnO. They are luminescent and highly transparent in the visible wavelength range. PVA film content increases continuously with PVA concentration in the deposition bath. It is shown that PVA is not only included in the film but also has a dramatic effect on ZnO properties, from which one can define polymer-assisted ZnO growth strategies. For instance, at high PVA concentration, ZnO luminescence is dominated by the near-edge emission in the UV, revealing a better stoichiometry of ZnO. We also show that it is possible to tune ZnO crystallographic orientation in the film by monitoring the PVA content of the deposition bath. PVA can be eliminated by a subsequent postannealing treatment of the layer.