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Effects of ultrasonic energy on short-circuiting transfer process in PU-GMA welding

ABSTRACT For short-circuiting transfer, a smaller short-circuiting current is useful to obtain a better quality of welded joints, such as less spatter and better welding surface. By analyzing images from the high-speed camera, welding electrical signal, and current-voltage (U-I) cycle diagram, stable welding process could be obtained by adding pulsed ultrasonic into the arc. The ultrasonic radiator height, as one of the most important parameters, could affect the energy of acoustics field in pulsed ultrasonic-assisted gas metal arc welding. According to droplet transfer frequency, short-circuiting current and U–I cycle diagram, the ultrasonic radiator height was optimized and the optional ultrasonic radiator height was determined to be 12 mm. The sound radiation force was the main reason for the reducing short-circuit transfer cycle.