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Usage of treated greywater as an alternative irrigation source for tomatoes cultivation

Optimizing water reuse is an important issue in the context of water scarcity and low water quality. Greywater would provide more sustainable water supply, once using appropriate treatment. This study aimed to appraise the efficacy of treated greywater (TGW) use on soil and tomato cultivation, in comparison with ground water (GW) use. Greywater (from laundry and tableware) was treated using a wetland mini‐reactor with a horizontal underground flow. Growth, photosynthetic activity, plant water status, osmotic potential and yield of tomato cultivars (Dart and Firenze) were evaluated. Sodium, potassium (analysed by flame photometer) and heavy metals (examined by atomic absorption photometer) were quantified in leaves, stems and roots. Results showed that TGW does not affect soil salinity. The TGW improved plant height and yield, of both cultivars. Although net photosynthesis increased only in Dart whereas Firenze had elevated water potential, less relative water content and photosynthetic water use efficiency suggesting a pronounced water restriction. Also, Firenze had higher Zn2+ and Fe2+ content than Dart indicating less selectivity. Our results imply that greywater treatment had an encouraging potential for soil preservation and tomatoes irrigation. Plant resistance is possibly acquired by ionic balance and photosynthetic capacity. Further studies are desirable to inspect long‐term effects on soil and health.