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Functional polymorphisms in CD86 gene are associated with susceptibility to pneumonia‐induced sepsis

Sepsis is an illness in which the body has a severe response to bacteria or other germs. A bacterial infection in the body such as lungs may set off the response that leads to the disease. CD86 (B7‐2) is expressed on various immune cells and plays critical roles in immune responses. Genetic polymorphisms in CD86 gene may affect the development of several diseases. Here, we evaluated the association between two CD86 polymorphisms (rs1915087C/T and rs2332096T/G) and susceptibility to pneumonia‐induced sepsis. CD86 rs1915087C/T and rs2332096T/G were identified in 186 pneumonia‐induced septic patients and 196 healthy controls in the Chinese population. Results revealed that subjects with rs1915087CT and TT genotypes had significantly lower risk of pneumonia‐induced sepsis than those with CC genotype [odds ratio (OR) = 0.58, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.37–0.91, p = 0.017, and OR = 0.40, 95%CI, 0.21–0.76, p = 0.005]. However, prevalence of rs2332096GG genotype and G allele were significantly increased in patients than in healthy controls (OR = 2.75, 95%CI, 1.46–5.16, p = 0.001, and OR = 1.65, 95%CI, 1.21–2.24, p = 0.001]. We further investigated functions of these two polymorphisms by assessing gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in monocytes. Data showed subjects carrying rs2332096GG genotype had significantly decreased level of CD86 in monocytes than those carrying rs2332096TT genotype. These results indicate that CD86 polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to pneumonia‐induced sepsis and may affect gene expression in monocytes.