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Increasing power density and dye decolorization of X-3 B-fed microbial fuel cell via prior TiO 2 photocatalysis

To improve the output power density of dye-fed microbial fuel cells (MFCs) which decreased with increasing dye concentration, a new strategy of prior TiO2 photocatalysis of high content dye wastewater was proposed and demonstrated in this study. Upon 200 mg/L X-3B wastewater was treated by F doped nano-TiO2 under visible light for 2.5 h and then mixed into the substrate, the maximum output power density (PM) of the MFC reached 392 mW/m2. As a comparison, the PM was only 276 mW/m2 when un-treated X-3B wastewater used in the substrate. About 42% power density was retrieved from the MFC fed with high concentration X-3B wastewater via prior photocatalytic treatment. In the meantime, the decolorization rate of X-3B was also enhanced from 42% to 56.5% when combining photocatalysis process. The increase of power density after photocatalysis of X-3B was attributed to less electron consumption by decomposed X-3B, extra electron donors and mediators from produced intermediates as well as increased bacterial diversity in anode chamber. These results demonstrated the prior TiO2 photocatalysis as effective and easy implementing technology for improving both electricity harvest and pollutant elimination from wastewaters containing concentrated hard-to-use biomass without specially acclimatizing or modifying the MFC.