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Prevalence of Some Milk Borne Bacterial Pathogens Threatening Camel Milk Consumers in Egypt

3 Abstract: Camel milk represents the principal milk for consumers in the arid and sub-arid areas where camels present the main animal source. Regular consumption of camel's milk in those areas is mainly occurred in raw state. So the present work was planned to investigate the possibility of transmission of 3 milk borne pathogens including Salmonella spp., E. coli and Listeria monocytogenes in a total of 185 camel's milk samples collected from Sinai, Aswan and Sharqia Governorates. Conventional diagnosis revealed isolation and identification of 5 Salmnella spp. with special interest to presence of S. enteritidis, S. typhi S. typhimurium and S. anatum and 12 E. coli isolates, with special consideration to presence of E. coli O157:H7 and E. coli O26:H11. Two isolates of Listeria monocytogenes had been detected. Multiplex PCR assay found to be rapid, economic and sensitive tool for accurate detection of the three organisms concurrently. In addition, this selected multiplex PCR assay detected virulence genes (InvA, Eae and ActA) of Salmonella spp., E. coli and Liseria monocytogenes, respectively enhancing evaluation of the pathogenicity of these pathogenic strains present in milk samples. Finally, it was concluded that for improving quality of raw camel's milk, enhancing the milking protocols and sanitizing programs associated with camel's milk production should be carried out.