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Fabrication of planar gradient index cylindrical microlenses and their application to laser diode collimation

Using the Ag+-Na+ exchange in a special optical glass one- and two- dimensional refractive index profiles of definite shape have been realized. It is shown that good quality one-dimensional parabolic profiles can be used for micro-cylindrical lens fabrication with high possible numerical aperture N.A. <EQ 0.46. Two-dimensional refractive index gradients of stripe waveguide geometry generated by field assisted ion exchange through a linear mask window form single cylindrical lenses as well as cylindrical lens arrays with comparable low N.A. <EQ 0.15 which can be used for the transformation of the weakly divergent direction of a laser diode or laser diode bars. Two crossed lenses of different numerical aperture are applicable for high power laser diode collimation.