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The Approach to Basic Abstraction Construction for the Architectural Schemes Design

According to statistical studies, a large number of IT projects end in failure. This problem arises due to the inconsistency of the forms used by persons to represent the image (meaning) of the system. Existing decisions on the development of the system image or meaning relate to the field of architectural (conceptual) design. Analysis of existing approaches to architectural design shows that the basis of the approaches is the notion of “final result”, in the form of an artifact (ready-made forms). On the one hand, representation forms of systems are used, that contain meaning (knowledge forms), on the other, meaning is fixed in forms (meaning forms). However, when converting the meaning represented by a particular form into forms that contain meaning (functions), the meaning is most often distorted, and sometimes lost. The main results presented in the paper are based on the proposed distinction between the concepts of knowledge and cognition as well as the forms of their presentation. Knowledge is currently represented as a form of action (function) or a form containing knowledge in itself. Cognition is proposed to represent by structure, mechanism of action, which is the process of knowledge forms design (functions). To test the results, by analogy of the Zakhman model, it was proposed to present the structure of actions of artifacts creation in the form of a table. With this approach, the architecture model is at the same time the meaning of the represented form of the table and the process of specific forms designing of actions containing the meaning (functions, forms of systems). Based on the results obtained, an effectiveness assessment is made using the obtained model to eliminate the semantic gap in the systems design. Keywords—architecture design, basic abstraction, information system, design process, form of meaning, form of knowledge