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Investigation into the vapor sensing behavior and mechanism of a reactive hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene liquid rubber/carbon black conductive film

An electrically conductive composite of polyurethane pre-polymers was prepared by an intramolecular hydrogen transfer reaction using a reactive hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) liquid rubber oligopolymer as a reactant, toluene diisocyanate (TDI) as a curing agent and carbon black (CB) as a conductive filler. The influence of the component ratios, types of carbon black particles, curing temperatures and chain-extending agents such as glycerine and triethanolamine on the responsiveness and reversibility of HTPB/TDI/CB composite films was investigated. The structural characterization of the curing materials was conducted on a FT-IR spectrometer. The experimental results indicated that a higher response behavior of HTPB/TDI/CB composite films occurred in non-polar solvent vapors than with polar solvent vapors. The response intensity of the composite films enhanced with increased TDI content and the introduction of chain-extending agents. The responsivity of the films to benzene vapor reached 106 times the original value, but the responsive time and recovery time were prolonged at higher curing temperatures. The response mechanism for the films was elucidated based on the relationship between soft chain segments and hard chain segments.