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Measured Anisotropy of Alumina Components Produced by Direct Ink-Jet Printing

A piezoelectric drop-on-demand ink-jet printer has been used to build three-dimensional structures by direct deposition of alumina ink containing submicron ceramic particles suspended in an alkane wax. Inks containing up to 40 % v/v alumina were used to produce cubes in which support structures were made from paraffin wax. The fabrication process consists of the sequential deposition of layers of the ceramic suspension by the ink-jet printer. This organic vehicle was removed by capillary action in a powder bed followed by pyrolysis before sintering the alumina product. Ink-jet deposition results in the formation of a solid structure after droplet impact and solidification. The distribution of alumina in the solid deposit has been studied and correlated with measurements of shrinkage during the dewaxing and sintering stages. A slight anisotropy is observed in that shrinkage in the z axis is greater than for the in-plane directions.