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Control for grid connected and intentional islanded operation of distributed generation

The Distributed Generations in Micro grids (MGs) are tied to the Utility Grid. These Generators shall be synchronized to main grid only if the Grid supply is available. If the grid supply fails the synchronization shall be lost until the grid supply resume. The IEEE 1547–2003 standard states to disconnect DG if the grid supply fails. When an outage of grid supply occurs a condition known as intentional islanding occurs. In such a condition the Micro grid is isolated from rest of the grid. It is essential for Micro grid to resume operation for reliable service. Energy sector is moving in to an era of DG and Micro grids. The IEEE 1547–2003 standard does leave open a section to take on a task for intentional islanding in future. The controls must identify the intentional islanding. DGs in Grid tied mode shall operate with Current source inverters (CSI). DGs in intentional islanded operation mode shall operate with Voltage source inverters (VSI). This paper proposes a control algorithm to detect grid supply failure and the intentional islanding operation of DGs. An algorithm for intelligent load shedding during islanded operation is also proposed. The VSI and CSI modes are designed and presented in this paper. The results are simulated in MATLAB.