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Refractive index sensor based on tilted fiber Bragg grating and stimulated Brillouin scattering.

A Refractive index sensor based on tilted fiber Bragg grating and stimulated Brillouin scattering is proposed and demonstrated. The cladding modes of the tilted fiber Bragg grating is sensitive to the surrounding refractive index and the approach relies on refractive index dependent resonance wavelength shift of the modes. Stimulated Brillouin scattering is introduced to measure the wavelength shift due to its narrow bandwidth, which enhances the wavelength resolution to 0.25 pm and provides much higher refractive index sensitivity than traditional wavelength readout methods. This kind sensor is suitable to sense a very small variation of refractive index and the sensitivities can reach to a resolution of 1.27 × 10(-4) RIU with the refractive index ranging from 1.3405 to 1.4025 and a resolution of 2.49 × 10(-5) RIU ranging from 1.4025 to 1.4219, respectively.