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Research and application of single chain antibodies in gynecological tumors

Functional single chain antibodies (scFvs) are engineered by linking together immunoglobulin heavy and light chain variable domains (V H and V L) via polypeptide tethers and are the smallest functional fragments of antibodies that maintain the binding and specificity of the whole antibody. Compared with intact IgG or Fab fragments, scFvs have shorter retention time in non target tissues, lower immunogenicity, more rapid blood clearance and better tumor penetration. They can be produced economically in bacteria and can be manipulated by genetic engineering to form anti tumor fusion proteins incorporating additional effects or functions. ScFvs therefore represent valuable molecules for the targeted delivery of drugs, toxins or radionuclides to a tumor site and have great potential for the development of therapeutic or diagnostic reagents.