{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.014649190439475714, 'fraction_numerical': 0.01156515034695451, 'mean_word_length': 5.588832487309645, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
The effect of Performance Expectancy and Achievement Motive in a P300 based brain-Computer Interface

We investigated the effect of performance expectancy and achievement motive on P300 BCI performance. Thirty-eight participants were separated in two groups according to their achievement motive and classified as either avoiding failure (AF) or approaching success (AS). Participants were presented with three different matrices in the colors red, green and blue and were told that spelling would be difficult, moderately difficult or easy depending on the color. We hypothesized AS participants to perform best and to show highest P300 amplitudes in a spelling condition perceived to be moderately difficult. AF participants were hypothesized to perform worst and to show lowest P300 amplitudes in the spelling condition perceived to be moderately difficult. Participants spelled six fiveletter words in each perceived difficulty condition. We found highest P300 amplitudes in the easy condition irrespective of achievement motive; however, no differences concerning performance in percent correct responses. Even though we could not find an effect of performance expectancy on the behavioral level, we did show that performance expectancy does affect BCI performance on the physiological level.