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Occlusive effects of lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer membrane on gingival fibroblasts in vitro.

The cell occlusive effects on human gingival fibroblasts of degradable lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer membranes (noncoated membranes) and membranes coated with a sucrose ester of fatty acid (coated membranes) were studied and compared with those of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) membranes. The membranes were immersed in a culture medium periodically for 21 days and interposed into a chemotaxis chamber, and the fibroblasts then were cultured in the chamber for another 7 days. The passage rate of cells through the membranes was calculated and the change in surface structure of each membrane after immersion for 28 days was observed by an environmental scanning electron microscope. The passage rate of coated membranes (3.4+/-2.2%) was significantly lower than that of noncoated (25.7+/-5.1%) at the 28th day whereas the passage rate of e-PTFE membranes was 0.8-1.5%. Many pores were observed on the noncoated membranes before immersion while the coating material covered most of the pores on the coated membranes. The average pore size of the noncoated membranes was larger than that of the coated membranes at day 28. The structure of the e-PTFE membranes underwent no change. The passage rate of the coated membranes was not different from the e-PTFE membranes, suggesting an effect that might be useful for a guided tissue regeneration procedure.