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Is eating slowly a potential strategy to maximize satiety?

In a randomized design, the effects of slow and fast eating rates on satiation and satiety were compared in 12 females (21.5±3.3y; BMI=22.4±2.5). After fasting 10‐hours overnight, they consumed an isoenergetic mixed‐macronutrient test drink either quickly (2.1±0.9min) or slowly (19.9±1.4min). The energy content of the drink was 30% of resting energy expenditure. Palatability was rated on visual analogue scales (VAS) during consumption. Appetite was VAS‐rated before, every 5 min up to 20 min, and then every 30 min up to 3 h after the drink. Before, and at 30‐min intervals for 3 h after, blood glucose, energy expenditure (EE) and respiratory quotient (RQ) were measured. Lunch was fed ad libitum at 3 h. Results were compared by paired t‐tests. At drink completion, hunger (H) and desire‐to‐eat (DTE) ratings were higher, and satiety (S) ratings lower, for the fast condition than the slow (P<0.05). H and DTE ratings were higher from 60 min to 180 min and S lower at 90 min and 180 min, for the fast condition than the slow (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed between conditions in palatability ratings, blood glucose, EE, RQ, or ad libitum consumption. However, the slow condition resulted in higher S ratings and fewer Kcals ingested at lunch (P>0.05). These findings indicate that prolonging the rate of ingestion may result in greater satiety; accordingly it is a potential strategy for weight management.