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[Bipolar affective disorder: gender differences in the course and treatment].

Bipolar affective disorder (BAD) according to the latest international classifications (ICD-10, DSM-5) is recognized as its own disease, characterized by episodes of mania (or hypomania), hyperthymic personality and (or) a genetic predisposition to BAR in contrast to recurrent depressive disorder (RD). The history of development and classification of manic depressive disorder (MDD), difficulties of differential diagnosis between BAD and RD are presented in this literature review. It considers the clinical features of the course of BAR in men and women and also gender-specific therapy. Gender differences in the clinical picture, course and treatment of BAD are discussed. Attention is drawn to the differences in effectiveness and tolerability of antidepressants in men and women. It is concluded that identifying the gender particularities is important for treatment and prevention optimization.