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Microstructure Evolution of Allotropic Materials during Thermomechanical Processing

The microstructure developed during hot deformation is the result of deformation mechanisms such as dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization. Hot deformation can also result in damage and flow localisation, especially in multiphase metal based materials. Several models have been proposed to correlate the parameters of the deformation process (temperature, strain and strain rate) with the flow behaviour such as the processing maps. They were developed based on the dynamic materials model (DMM) and later a modified DMM introduced some changes in the calculation of the processing maps. The correlation of the relevant microstructural changes with thermodynamic parameters are tested and discussed. The data was obtained by using the Gleeble simulator with in situ quenching facilities. Microstructural studies related to the hot deformation of metals were carried out based on alpha-beta and near beta titanium alloys and on low carbon steels. The results are correlated with the efficiency of power dissipation, and the constitutive equations. In diffusion controlled processes such as dynamic recovery, dynamic recrystallization, phase transformation and pore coarsening are related to high power efficiency, and to low n exponent. The efficiency of power dissipation is more sensitive to the deformation parameters than the constitutive equations for materials with phase transformation.