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Automatic test, configuration, and repair of cellular arrays

A cellular array is an iterative array of identical information processing machines, cells. The arrays discussed are rectangular arrays of programmable logic, in which information stored in a working cell tells the cell how to behave. No signal line connects more than a few cells. A loading mechanism in each cell allows a computer directly connected to one cell to load any good cell that is not walled off by flawed cells. A loading arm is grown by programming cells to form a path that carries loading information. Cell mechanisms allow a computer to monitor the growth of a loading arm, and to change the arm''s route to avoid faulty cells. Properly programmed cells carry test signals between a twisted cell and a testing computer directly connected to only a few cells. The computer may discover the faculty cells in an array; and repair the array by loading the array''s good cells to embed a desired machine. Terminology and network models are developed to describe the characteristics of a machine that are important to the test and repair of an array embedding in that machine. Important machine classes are defined, and their test and repair requirements are compared. Computer simulations of repair aid this comparison. Each machine class is represented by a particular cellular machine design. Arrays are presented for realizing highly-integrated, computer-maintained memories, such as variable-length shift registers, random-access memories, and track-addressed sequential-access memories. One flawed array of simple cells may perform like any digital machine, within limits set by the size of the array, its number of input-output leads, and the speed of its components. One such machine can test, configure, and repair its cellular environment. Applications for these cellular arrays are discussed. The thesis'' approach is oriented toward the realities and trends in large-scale integrated circuit production; and has potential integration level, reliability, maintainability, and flexible advantages.