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Effect of Grain Size on Cryogenic Mechanical Properties of an Al-Mg-Sc Alloy

An aluminum alloy with a chemical composition of Al–6%Mg–0.35%Mn–0.2%Sc–0.08%Zr–0.07%Cr (in wt.) and an initial grain size of ∼22 μm was subjected to equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) at 593 K up to a total strain of ~12. Extensive grain refinement provided the formation of fully recrystallized structure with an average grain size of ∼0.6 μm. The mechanical properties of the alloy in two different structural conditions were examined at temperatures ranging from 77 to 293 K. It was shown that ECAP highly enhanced the strength, ductility and fracture toughness of the material over the wide temperature interval. Positive effect of grain refinement tends to increase with decreasing temperature due to suppression of brittle intergranular fracture. At ambient temperature, the extensive grain refinement provides +65% increase in yield stress (YS) and ductility, concurrently. At 77 K, YS increase is + 77%, and the ductility increase is +113% owing to grain refinement. Effect of the grain size on fracture toughness at cryogenic temperatures is discussed.