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A Novel Optimization of Water‐Soluble Compound Polysaccharides from Chinese Herbal Medicines by Quantitative Theory and Study on Its Characterization and Antioxidant Activities

The present study optimized the extraction characterization and antioxidant activities of water‐soluble compound polysaccharides (CPs) from hawthorn, lotus leaf, Fagopyrum tataricum, semen cassiae, Lycium barbarum, and Poria cocos Chinese herbal medicines that have mass ratios of 4 : 2 : 2 : 1.5 : 1 : 1. The CPs yield equation was predicted using quantitative theory, to which a maximum CPs yield of 7.18±0.24 % under the following optimal extraction conditions: a water‐to‐raw material ratio of 30 mL/g, an extraction temperature of 65 °C, an extraction time of 45 min, and extraction mode ultrasonic‐assistant extraction. CPs were consisted of Ara, Gal, Glc, Xyl, Man, GalA and GlcA in a molar ratio of 3.1 : 2.6 : 50.6 : 1.7 : 20.4 : 17.2 : 4.2. The HPGPC profiles and FT‐IR spectra implied that CPs were heterogeneous acidic polysaccharides and possessed the β‐d‐pyranose configuration. Congo red test, CD spectrum and SEM revealed that CPs with three helix conformation showed a flocculent, granulous or sheet‐like appearance. Furthermore, the relationships between antioxidant activity and concentration of CPs displayed significant positive correlation, and the scavenging abilities for DPPH, hydroxyl radical, ABTS, superoxide‐anion radical and reducing power of CPs were 93.56±2.51 %, 84.03±1.69 %, 83.29±1.93 %, 37.49±1.93 % and 0.467±0.006 at a concentration of 4.0 mg/mL. Therefore, CPs could be applied as a potential natural antioxidant in pharmaceutical or functional food fields.