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Production of urinary calculi in vitamin B6-deficient male, female and castrated male rats.

Evidence has been obtained indicating that there is a sex effect on the formation of urinary calcium oxalate stones in vitamin Be-deficient rats. When wean ling rats were fed the deficient diet for 7 weeks, the prevalence and size of apical incrustations were greater in male than female or castrated male rats. When young adult rats were fed the deficient diets for 3 months, urinary stone formation appeared greatest in castrated male rats and least in females. After 6 months on the deficient diet, calculus formation was more marked than at 3 months and the differences between groups disappeared. The data of these studies suggest that the requirement for vitamin Be is greater in male rats than in the other groups as demonstrated by a higher mortality and more rapidly increased excretion of xanthurenic and oxalic acids. Evidence has also been obtained using growth rates and liver storage of vitamin BÂ« in weanling rats fed varying levels of the vitamin that females may require less of the vitamin than male rats. The formation of urinary tract stones containing calcium oxalate is a major health problem throughout the world. Avail able statistics on the prevalence of renal calculi indicate that they often appear more frequently in males than in females in ratios which vary up to as much as 2:1 (1). Studies of primary vesical calculi which are found mainly in children in many areas of Asia and the Middle East indicate that the ratio of male to female patients is approximately 8:1 (2). It has been reported from this laboratory that vitamin Be-deficient male rats rapidly de velop calcium oxalate calculi throughout their urinary tracts (3). It has also been observed that oxaluria and renal oxalate deposition following the administration of ethylene glycol, glycolic acid and other oxa late precursors are markedly greater in male than female rats (4-6). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of vitamin B6 deficiency on the occurrence of oxalate urolithiasis in male, castrated male and female rats.