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Protective effect of the multitarget compound DPH‐4 on human SSAO/VAP‐1‐expressing hCMEC/D3 cells under oxygen–glucose deprivation conditions: an in vitro experimental model of cerebral ischaemia

Stroke and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are related pathologies in which the cerebrovascular system is involved. Plasma levels of semicarbazide‐sensitive amine oxidase/vascular adhesion protein 1 (SSAO/VAP‐1, also known as Primary Amine Oxidase ‐PrAO) are increased in both stroke and AD patients and contribute to the vascular damage. During inflammation, its enzymatic activity mediates leukocyte recruitment to the injured tissue, inducing damage in the blood‐brain barrier (BBB) and neuronal tissue. We hypothesized that by altering cerebrovascular function, SSAO/VAP‐1 might play a role in the stroke–AD transition. Therefore, we evaluated the protective effect of the novel multitarget‐directed ligand DPH‐4, initially designed for AD therapy, on the BBB.