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Bisphosphonates and the prevention of metastasis

Bisphosphonates have been used successfully for many years in the treatment of hypercalcemia and to reduce skeletal‐related complications of metastases. In the first years of bisphosphonate use, the efficacy of these substances was thought to lie purely in the inhibition of osetoclasts. However, there is recent evidence to suggest that an antitumor effect also may play a role. As well as having an apoptotic and antiproliferative effect on osteoclasts, bisphosphonates may exert a similar influence on macrophages and tumor cells.