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Feasibility of Storing Natural Gas in Hydrates Commercially

Abstract: A study to determine the feasibility of using gas hydrates to store natural gas for peak‐load use in electric power plants and other commercial applications gives new impetus for practical utilization of unique gas‐hydrate storage properties. Laboratory apparatus was constructed to evaluate storage capacity attainable with hydrates and to achieve formation/decomposition rates of the hydrates at a level allowing commercial use. A fiber optics‐camera system was installed to view the action inside the hydrate test cell; photographs are presented that give insight into hydrate formation at the gas/liquid interface, as well as the formation mechanism and packing density. From a quiescent water solution in a cell that contained 286 ppm sodium dodecyl sulfate, storage capacity of 155 vol/vol of natural gas in hydrates was achieved at a constant pressure of 3.89 MPa (550 psig) and a temperature of 276 K (37°F); 86% of the theoretical maximum storage capacity was achieved within 2.5 hours of hydrate initiation; hydrate particles were adsorbed on the vessel walls; interstitial water of the particles formed hydrates to give high‐density packing. Formation rates and process simplification were such that a complete formation/decomposition cycle of commercial scale could be achieved within a 24‐hour period. The work suggests the possibility of storing gas in hydrates industrially by means of a simple, quiescent system that rapidly forms the hydrates and packs the mass for storage.