Sunday, May 24, 2020

Analysis of Big Daddy Music Emporium - 962 Words

1. Executive Summary Big Daddy Music Emporium is a retail music store located in the southwest area of Las Vegas. Big Daddy Music Emporium sells and rents assorted musical instruments, provides music lessons for people of all ages, and provides instrument repairs. Through agreements with local school band programs and other networking, Big Daddy Music Emporium will be the exclusive music store for the entire Southwest Las Vegas area. This should significantly increase sales, lessons, and repairs, as band directors refer parents and students to our store through student participation in their programs. We will exploit the weaknesses of our competitors by becoming highly involved within the community through sponsored local events in order to turn one-time shoppers into loyal, lifelong customers. Our unique marketing strategies include our exclusive All Money Back trade-in program, where customers can receive the full purchase price toward upgrading their instrument; along with our Play and Pay donation pr ogram, where our store pledges to donate a portion of instrument sales and rentals to local school music programs. Big Daddy Music Emporium will target three market segments, band and orchestra instrumentalists, mariachi instrumentalists, and lessons for older beginners. All three of these groups are populous in Las Vegas. With an overall population of over 2 million residents, the Las Vegas Valley is still one of the steadiest growing areas in the United States, and

Monday, May 18, 2020

Socioeconomic Status And Family Function - 1543 Words

The factor of socioeconomic status and family function greatly influences the development of a child, both psychologically and educationally. What I found intriguing about a familyÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s SES is its effect on the familyÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s value base, functioning, and the upbringing of their children. The SES Ã¢â‚¬Å"combines three related, but not completely overlapping, variables: (1) years of education and (2) the prestige of oneÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s job and the skill it requires, both of which measure social status; and (3) income, which measures economic statusÃ¢â‚¬  (Berk, 2013, p. 47). My interest wasnÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t so much the linkage between SES and the timing of marriage or to family size, but its effect thatÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s transpired to children. The values and expectations of lower-SES families emphasize qualities in their children similar to obedience, politeness, and cleanliness, while higher-SES families tend to emphasize psychological traits such as curiosity, happiness, and cognitive and social mat urity. IÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ve noticed the transparency of this linkage in my educational and occupational settings, which has now allowed to me to expose a greater respect for these value differences. This holds a true value for me as IÃ¢â‚¬â„¢m a very observant person who likes to read into people by observing their body language, communication methods, and the values in which are emphasized more or less greatly than other individuals. Paying attention to these traits has provided me with the tools I need to communicate more effectively with people by valuing theirShow MoreRelatedHow Socioeconomic Status Affects Cognitive Development of Children1722 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  7 Pages one of the important ones being socioeconomic status (SES). SES can be defined as a multidimensional construct, including measures of social factors such as power, prestige and hierarchical social status, and economic resources (Hackman and Farah, 2009). Child development can be studied from multiple dimensions such as physi cal, mental, social, and emotional development among others. For the purposes of this study, I will be focusing on how socioeconomic status affects child cognitive developmentRead MorePoverty And Brain Cortex Are A Correlational Study919 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  4 Pageslong been studied by neuroscientists and cognitive psychologists. Up to what degree does each variable play in each function of the brain? A group of psychologists recently conducted the largest correlational study looking for the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) of a family and its effects on the brain morphology and behavior of the children raised in them. Socioeconomic disparities have been shown to have profound effect on the cognitive development of a child, but this study went beyondRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress From Socioeconomic Status And Postsecondary Educational Attainment1083 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  5 Pages the effects of stress from socioeconomic status and postsecondary educational attainment. SAWAT PHANTHAVADY A Child cannot choose the life their born into. For some this means a life of poverty and uncertainty. This group is classified as having a low Socioeconomic Status (SES). Children are the once affected the most in this in this category. They are faced with negative caregivers, malnutrition, toxic environment and stress causing their brain structureRead MoreEffects Of Low Socioeconomic Status On Mental Health1440 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  6 Pageslinked socioeconomic status to mental health, especially in children and adolescents. Low poverty levels have been specifically identified as a key causal factor in developing mental health problems in children. There has been much discussion over the different theories as to why this is the case, but only two of these theories seem to hold a lot of evidence. Certain interventions and preventative measures can be employed in order to improve an individualÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s mental health by altering socioeconomic statusRead MoreThe Effects Of Low Self Esteem On A dulthood Essay976 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  4 Pagesmarital status of the parents. Boys esteem was lower than girls, citing that boys without fathers in the home tended to have no one to look up to (Mandara Murray, 2000, p. 485). Also, boys had the tendency to sight their family functions as more negative when the marital status of parents was single. Income had a significant effect on the self-esteem of adolescents as well. The higher the income of the home the higher the self-esteem of the adolescent. Families that had a higher income status tendedRead MoreHow Does Low Socioeconomic Status Affect the Development and Academic Performance of Children?1654 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  7 Pages Question: How Does Low Socioeconomic Status Affect the Development and Academic Performance of Children? Introduction Throughout my classes at DePaulÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s College of Education, I have wondered how and why socioeconomic factors have such a profound effect on childrens school readiness, development, and future of learning. With the addition of clinical experiences in various schools and grades, a passion and focus area of mine has been multicultural perspectives, often volunteeringRead More The Effect of Social Organization on Everyday Life and Health824 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  4 Pagesfactors. However, our health should be a focus in our lives because our daily life has an affect on our health. Illness does not only have biological causes but is also influenced by social factors such as the socially imposed roles of gender and socioeconomic differences. Before the affect of gender on health can be discussed, the difference between gender and sex must first defined. Sex refers to actual physiological and hormonal differences between men and women; gender refers to the differencesRead MoreChild Poverty Is A Reality New Zealand Essay1463 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  6 Pagestalk about the inter-relationship between environmental factors such as barriers to healthcare, socioeconomics, and socioeconomic status and city living. It focuses on the issues of children in New Zealand living in poverty especially those going to school with no food, shoes or clothing. Barriers to health care influence the wellbeing of children living in poverty, especially in low socioeconomic status, as they are at a higher risk of health issues. Walking to school every day without closed shoesRead MoreThe Strengths Of Labelling Theory And Differential Association Theory1703 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  7 PagesIn this paper I argue that Labelling Theory can explain the factor of low socioeconomic status while Differential Association Theory can explain how the factor of family as reasons why some youth join gangs. This paper compares the relative strengths and weaknesses of Differential Association theory and Labelling theory and I argue that Labelling Theory offers the most compelling theoretical perspective to help account for how these factors influence youth to join gangs. I also argue that unlikeRead MoreHow Can Tie A Shoelace? Essay1644 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  7 Pagessupport. Since Alex had difficulty hearing, he was already far behind of his peers due to his lack of exposure to sound and language during the critical period of language acquisition. Although he was given visual clues of language by Denworth and her family, Alex was not exposed to as much language as other children who had no difficulty with hearing. Denworth argues in her book, I Can Hear You Whisper: An Intimate Journey Through the Science of Sound and Language, that early exposure to any language

Wednesday, May 13, 2020

Awareness - 6564 Words

Fiction, Between Inner Life and Collective Memory. A Methodological Reflection. FranÃƒ §ois-Xavier Lavenne, Virginie Renard, FranÃƒ §ois Tollet1 Introduction In the writing of their fictional works, novelists often have to reflect on the functioning of memory, for memory lies at the heart both of inner life and of human experience in general. It is indeed in the works of writers such as Marcel Proust or Jorge Luis Borges that the best exemplifications of the subjective experience of memory are to be found. However, from a strictly mnemonic point of view, literature provides more than a means of reflecting on memory: it is also the site of the rebirth and construction of individual and collective memories, which can then serve as a foundationÃ¢â‚¬ ¦show more contentÃ¢â‚¬ ¦Memories were first attributed directly to a collective entity by Maurice Halbwachs in his epoch-making La MÃƒ ©moire Collective (The Collective Memory).5 This sociologist claims that all memory depends, on the one hand, of the group in which one lives and, on the other, to the status one holds in that group. To remember, one therefore needs to situate oneself within a cu rrent of collective thought.6 As a result, Halbwachs concludes that there are no purely individual memories, i.e. memories that would belong only to the individual, and of which the individual would be the unique source.7 We are therefore not the authentic subjects of attribution of our memories. Several writers have attempted to reconcile these conflicting on individual memory and collective memory. For example, Paul Ricoeur argues that memory does belong to the realm of interiority, for we see ourselves as the true possessors of our own memories.8 However, memory also involves the other and fully bears its mark.9 From its declarative phase, memory enters the public sphere because a testimony is always presented to, and received by, an other. Moreover, Ricoeur, following in the footsteps of Halbwach, asserts that peers can assist an individual in the work of remembering.10 He therefore draws the conclusion that memory processes involve both the individual and the group. Ricoeur thu s differentiates among three different poles of attribution of memory: there exists, betweenShow MoreRelatedAwareness Of Physical Activity Guidelines753 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  4 PagesAwareness of physical activity guidelines amongst the UK student population was found to be 69.6% in this study. This varies considerably from awareness levels determine on a national level in other developed, high income countries similar to the UK. A recent study in America for example, found that just 36.1% of adults were aware that government physical activity guidelines (Kay et al., 2014). This difference in awareness may be explained by a number of factors. Knowledge and awareness of physicalRead MoreEmotional Intelligence And Self Awareness Essay2034 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  9 Pagesusing four components which include self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, and relationship management (Segal, Smith, Shubin, 2016). The essay focuses on these four components and the skills that help in building emotional intelligence. Components of Emotional Intelligence Self-awareness involves the ability to understand and evaluate your own emotions through reflection, self-comparisons and feedback from others (Steiner, 2014). Self-awareness aims at enhancing self-knowledge, behavioralRead MoreSelf Awareness3085 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  13 PagesSelf Awareness Ã‚   What is self awareness?Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Self awareness is a way for us to explore our individual personalities, value systems, beliefs, natural inclinations, and tendencies.Ã‚   Because we are all different in the way we react to things, learn, and synthesize information, itÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s helpful to occasionally spend time in self-reflection to gain a better insight into ourselves. Why is self awareness important? Self awareness is important because when we have a better understanding of ourselves, we areRead MoreTwo Short Stories of Awareness1606 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  7 PagesTwo Short Stories Of Awareness Beyond Oneself:Araby And A Sunrise On The VeldAraby by James Joyce and A Sunrise On The Veld by Doris Lessing are both short stories in which theprotagonists gained a consciousness that was beyond themselves. The main characters are both initiatedinto new realities and truths of which they were not previously aware. Both short stories will beexamined with reflections according to the type of initiation that was experienced, the nature of thenarrators, the similarRead MoreSelf Awareness And Self Knowledge758 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  4 PagesSelf-awareness and self-knowledge in relationships What self-knowledge? Ã‚  It can not be bought at the price of effort or practice. Self-knowledge happens by observing yourself in your relationship with your classmates, your teachers and all those around you; it happens when you observe the ways of the other, his gestures, his way of dressing, talking, contempt or flattery, and your reaction; it happens when you observe everything that is happening in you and around you and you see as clearly asRead MoreContribute to Raising Awareness of Health Issues846 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  4 PagesAnalyse reasons why it may be necessary to raise awareness of health issues. To protect the health, safety and wellbeing of everyone I care for. By ensuring that I identify health issues early I am able to inform the relevant people quickly and that will hopefully prevent the health issues getting worse, meaning that their health, safety, wellbeing and quality of life is improved and maintained as much as possible. It is also important to raise awareness to comply with company policies and legislationRead MorePhonemic Awareness921 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  4 Pagesindividual sounds in words spoken.Ã¢â‚¬  Phonemic awareness is the Ã¢â‚¬Å"ability to hear the phonemes and manipulate the soundsÃ¢â‚¬  (p. 41). Phonemic awareness is essential because without the ability students are not able to manipulate the sounds. According to the National Institute for Literacy (2007), Ã¢â‚¬Å"students with poor phonics skills prevent themselves from reading grade-level text and are unable to build their vocabularyÃ¢â‚¬  (p.5) Agreeing with the importance of phonemic awareness, Shapiro a nd Solity attempted to useRead MoreWhy Is Self Awareness A Prerequisite For An Intimate Relationship?1680 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  7 PagesSummary 1: What is Self-Awareness? Self-awareness is self-understanding and self-knowledge. It s getting to know your true, genuine self. Self-awareness enables you to identify and understand factors of which you were not aware until now that control your reactions and behaviors and harm your relationships, such as: your fears, needs, messages you have internalized, beliefs and opinions. Summary 2: Why is Self-Awareness a Prerequisite for an Intimate Relationship? Self-awareness means: understandingRead MorePhonemic Awareness1894 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  8 PagesPhonemic awareness is not phonics. Phonemic awareness is an understanding about spoken language. Children who are phonemically aware can tell the teacher that bat is the word the teacher is representing by saying the three separate sounds in the word. They can tell you all the sounds in the spoken word dog. They can tell you that, if you take the last sound off cart you would have car. Phonics on the other hand, is knowing the relation between specific, printed letters (including combinations ofRead MorePersonal Statement : Self Awareness1317 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  6 PagesThis paper will provide a glimpse of my non-cognitive traits such as self awareness, empathy, passion and fortitude. The process of being self-aware is not always easy, but is a worthwhile and magnanimous achievement. As a social worker, Self-awareness is an essential ingredient in preparing oneself to encounter new challenges while learning to understand oneÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s own strengths, weaknesses, thoughts and beliefs. It was difficult for me to work on a project with others not knowing if I could control

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Palette Of King Narmer - 1522 Words

The Palette of King Narmer Stretching across ten countries and spanning over four thousand miles, the Nile River became the heart of Egyptian civilization. The lower (northern) Nile overflowed its banks several months out of the year before the creation of the Aswan High Dam in 1970. When the floodwaters receded, they left a new layer of rich silt behind, making the surrounding valley and delta a fertile and desirable habitat. As early as 8000 BCE, the people who inhabited the valley of the worldÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s longest river became relatively sedentary and in 5000 BCE they adopted the agricultural village life commonly associated with Neolithic culture. Throughout the Predynastic period, the North African climate was immensely dry. In order to combat this problem, many villages formed alliances that worked to control the riverÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s flow. Over time, these small federations of villages conquered and absorbed other weaker ones. As communities grew into chiefdoms, they began to advance rap idly toward refined civilization shortly after 3600 BCE. Egypt became a consolidated state at the beginning the Early Dynastic Period in 3000 BCE. According to legend, following creation, Upper Egypt in the south and Lower Egypt in the north were both unified under Menes. Originally a powerful ruler from Upper Egypt, Menes conquered Lower Egypt and became the first ruler to preside over a unified Egypt. The Palette of Narmer was created in the Early Dynastic Period between 2950-2775 BCE and is oftenShow MoreRelatedThe Narmer Palette : The Great Hierakonpolis Palette And The Palette Of Narmer1674 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  7 PagesThe Narmer Palette, also known as the Great Hierakonpolis Palette or the Palette of Narmer, is one of the most significant Egyptian archeological find, dating from about the 31st century BC, it contains some of the earliest hieroglyphic inscriptions ever found in history. It is thought by some to depict the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the king Narmer. On one side, the king is shown with the bulbed white crown of Upper Egypt, and on the other side it shows the king wearing the red crownRead MoreFormal and Ekphrasis Analysis Of The palette of King Narme Essay835 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  4 Pages The palette of King Narmer: Formal Analysis The Palette of King Narmer is a very small, flat 64 centimeters tall, shield shape palette that is believed to be used for holy ceremonies. Sculpt from smooth leveled siltstone. The siltstone is a soft yet dim color of gray. Small in scale, the palette is created with numerous intriguingly beautifully detailed carvings, and illustrations that fully decorate both sides. These detailed carvings take up most of the negative spaceRead MoreThe Ancient Egyptian Style Of Ancient Egypt1351 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  6 PagesNovember 2015 KING NARMERS PALETTE The civilization of Ancient Egypt thrived from approximately 3100 bce until 30 bce, when the Roman Empire took control of the province. Unlike other ancient societies, however, where art would evolve and chance with new influences, the art of Ancient Egypt tends to look extremely similar for the entirety of those 300 years. The classical Egyptian style of art begins in the first dynasty, which is often considered to be ruled under King Narmer. The Narmer Palette (Fig.Read MoreArt Is an Expression1389 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  6 Pageswill be writing about two pieces of art that have been around for thousands of years. I will be comparing and contrasting the Palette of King Narmer (back) and the painting Ã¢â‚¬Å"Ti watching a hippopotamus hunt.Ã¢â‚¬  Both murals contain symbolism, as well as concepts of life and death. Each in their individual way conveys a message of importance and triumph. The Palette of King Narmer dates back to the first Egyptian dynasty, from Hierakonpolis, c. 3000 B.C, it is flat in appearance and double-sided with engravingsRead MoreDating From The Dynastic Period Of Egypt1207 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  5 Pages(3000-2938 BCE), the Narmer Pallet is one of the most important archeological findings to date. Previous to king Narmer, Lower and Upper Egypt were divided and frequently at war with each other. The common belief of most historians is that the unification of Lower and Upper Egypt was due to the influence and propaganda of King Narmer and his court. On one side of the palette, king Narmer is pictured with the bulbed-white crown of Upper Egypt, while on the other side, it portrays the king wearing the crownRead More Apollo vs. The Palette of Narmer Essay example773 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  4 Pages The two works of art that have been chosen to compare and contrast are The Palette Of Narmer and Apollo of Veii. The Palette Of Narmer dates back to the Hierakonpolis Dyn asty 1 in 3100 BCE. The Palette of Narmer is interesting because it is the oldest historic work of art that names a person, and is the earliest piece of art that uses hieroglyph. This artwork depicts the dawn of a new age of man and his use of writing and pictographs in art. The statue of Apollo, from Veii comes from the EtruscanRead MoreDating From The Dynastic Period Of Egypt1850 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  8 Pages(3000-2938 BCE), the Narmer Pallet is one of the most important archeological findings to date. Previous to king Narmer, Lower and Upper Egypt were divided and frequently at war with each other. The common belief of most historians is that the unification of Lower and Upper Egypt was due to the influence and propaganda of King Narmer and his court. On one side of the palette, king Narmer is pictured with the bulbed-white crown of Upper Egypt, while on the other side, it portrays the king wearing the crownRead MoreEgypt, Mesopotamia, And Israel1418 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  6 Pagesa strong threa t, Egyptians focused on furthering their understanding of the afterlife and improving their technology. If enemies did try and conquer Egypt and got past the Red Land, they were faced with cruel consequences, like shown on NarmerÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s palette, of beheading them. Unlike Egyptians, Sumeria handled their battles differently, after winning a battle their enemies would acknowledge Sumerians technology and beliefs, and adapted them to their own cultures. An example of this is the Sumerians understandingRead MoreRelief Sculpture : Relief Sculptures1563 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  7 Pageshowever others believe it to be a priestess. Next to the woman, on the left, is a naked man that is depositing offerings in the goddessÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s shrine. To the right of the woman a clothed male figure is shown, which art historians believe to be the priest-king. These characters shown together symbolize the importance of their role to the Mesopotamian society and appear to represent marriage occurring between the tw o of them. The middle banner includes naked men that are circling the vase while holding overflowingRead MoreEssay on Egyptian Rulers and their Gods677 Words Ã‚  |Ã‚  3 Pagesdepictions of these relationships, however, were not always consistent from ruler to ruler, dynasty to dynasty. The Palette of Narmer, Seated Statue of Khafre, and Akenaten and Nefertit and their Children are three prime examples of the differences in depiction from one period to another. The Palette of Narmer, done around 3000 B.C. in the Predynastic Period, depicts King Narmer as the most important figure of the work. A system of hierarchical proportions is important to this piece. NarmerÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s

Med terms Free Essays

By defining the word elements, one could define the medical words. Learning to combine and recombine the word elements into medical words is an integral component for those enrolling or practicing in the medical field. Word elements include prefixes, suffixes, and root or stem words. We will write a custom essay sample on Med terms or any similar topic only for you Order Now The stem or root word usually denotes the body part. Prefixes are placed before a root or stem word to modify the root or stem. Suffixes are placed at the end of a root or stem word to explain what is happening to the root or stem word. Below are examples of medical terms: Biology is the study of life and living things and bi/o means life; the o/logy means study of, when it is at the end of a word. Biolysis means the chemical decomposition of living tissue by the action of living organisms; lysis means decomposition, setting free, separation, destruction; thus, biolysis Cardiomegaly means enlargement of the heart; megaly means to enlarge; thus, cardiomegaly Neurotome means a fine knife used in the division of a nerve; -tom means to cut;-e means instrument (in this word) and/or noun marker; thus, neurotome. Pathoanatomy means the anatomical pathology; Path/o means disease, feeling, or suffering; thus, anatomy is the study of the structure of living organisms.[1] With the complexity of functions in the clinical area, it is imperative that a health care provider or those pertaining to the health team should know and understand these terms for easy accessibility and continuity of work. The use of medical terms has become the language in the clinical area, and so every health provider should understand in order to ensure that there is healthy communication between him and the client and within the health team. With the right knowledge and understanding of these medical terms, it is easier for the physician, or the nurse, or any health care giver to administer diagnoses and interventions and let the responsible subordinates carry out the task. The use of these terms is standardized which promotes integrity and clarity of information in the clinical area. Therefore, it is a must that there should be sufficient knowledge on these to promote optimum and faster delivery of care. [1]Ã¢â‚¬â„¢medical%20word%20elementsÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ Ã‚   How to cite Med terms, Essay examples

Cmn 277 free essay sample

Frequency of cause: how many times you have been exposed into message a. Cumulative (more than one time) multiple b. Non-cumulative (base on taking one) 6. Nature of outcome a. Cognitive (do with fighting against what we believe) b. Affective (do with emotion or feeling) c. Behavioral (perform) EX. The table is soft, but I think it is hard (cognitive); Ã¢â‚¬Å"I donÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t like tables any moreÃ¢â‚¬  (affective); I will not buy it. (Behavioral) 3) Phases of effects research: research topics, theories, and typical research in the direct effects era, limited effects era, and conditional effects era 1. Direct effects era Research topics and theories a. Looking at political propaganda b. Media perceived to be influential c. EX. Ã¢â‚¬Å"Hypodermic needleÃ¢â‚¬  and Ã¢â‚¬Å"magic bulletÃ¢â‚¬  theories (media are powerful) Research: research focus on content of media; little research on media effects 2. Limited effects era Research topics and theories a. Why are media not powerful? b. Ex. Selective exposure and selective retention theories Typical research: survey and content analysis 3. Conditional effects era Research topics and theories a. Looking for more subtle effects b. Looking for conditions when effects may occur Typical research: broadened range of methods B) Research Methods Overview 1) Basic problems in media effects research 1. Problems of exposure: when someone consume the message, different level of exposure. 2. Problems of measurement 3. Problems of causality (you like to try everything) 2) Causal models: basic one-way model, supplemental models, and alternative causal models 1. Basic one-way model X- cause, independent (nature) Y- effect, dependent (depend on X) X Y 2. Supplement causal models The basic is right, but maybe two or more ways . Multiple causes model X X Y X b. Mutual causation model X Y c. Intervening model (not directly) X Z Y 3. Alternative causal models One-way model here is false a. Reverse causation model X Y b. Third-factor model X Y Z 3) Data collection methods: description, advantages, and disadvantages of content analysis, surveys, and experiments 1. Content analysis Numerical description of media a. Advantages Ident ifies what is in the media message that starts in message b. Disadvantages By itself, cannot demonstrate cause and effect . Surveys Asking representative sample, external validity a. Advantages 1) Representative sample of people 2) Measures naturally occurring events b. Disadvantages 1) Limited to questions 2) Cannot measure time order 3. Experiments Expose people to something: measure effects, internal, validity a. Advantages 1) Can observe/manipulate events 2) Can observe time order b. Disadvantages 1) Often uses limited sample of people 2) Artificial setting and situations C) Uses and Gratifications Theories 1) Uses and Gratifications defined and the uses and gratifications model 1. Defined What happens before and during media exposure helps determine the effects of exposure 2. Model Psychological forces: individual, what you believe Social forces: outside influence, from others orÃ¢â‚¬ ¦ (Both happen at the same time) Reasons for exposure conditions of exposure: what do you feel media effects Example: Desire to vote correctly Professor urges you to engage in political process 2) Some reasons for media exposure (list of common media gratifications) 1. Surveillance Try to learn something, figure something out 2. Entertainment Look for to prove your mood 3. Interpersonal activity 1) You want to watch famous people, so you watch the TV show (2) You watch TV show, you want to talk to others about it. 4. Para social interaction We keep the relationship (you watch Opera, you believe her because she tells you what to do) 5. Personal Identity You watch TV show to improve yourself and expand your knowledge in the fields you are interested in. The similarity is between you and c haracters. D) Cultivation Theory 1) Constructed nature of social reality 1. The mind begins as a blank slate 2. Our reality is constructed for us by social interactions and institutions 3. Part of the reality we construct is based on television reality 4. Television reality is wrong 2) Television reality: what is wrong with it; the consistency of the patterns Entertainment television presents a distorted view of America and the world. 62% characters are male People under 18 are only 1/3 of actual People over 65 are only 1/5 of actual Crime is 10 times as common as actual Medical and criminal justice workers many times as common as actual 3% of TV characters are responsible for an older adult 3) The Cultivation process: parts of the process 1. Where attitudes come from Belief 1 Belief 2 attitude judgment Belief 3 EX. Beliefs and attitude toward police officers Police use brutality Police protect people Police abuse power 2. The cultivation model ViewerÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s exposure to TV demographics 1) Exposure to TV demographics a. Who is on Television b. What they do and what happens to them 2) ViewersÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ beliefs about people, places, and other social phenomena a. Who is out there in the world b. What they do and what happens to them 3) ViewsÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ attitudes a. Based on beliefs about people, places, and other social phenomena b. We infer importance status, and relative social place; we make judgments c. Mainstreaming process 4) Further specifications 1. When does Cultivation not occur? a. When direct experience differs from TV b. When people view critically c. When the TV message is not uniform 2. When is cultivation most likely to occur? a. When the message resonate with direct experience b. When 5) Cultivation research: Content analyses and surveys 1. Content analysis of television 2. Survey research a. Exposure to TV b. Beliefs c. Attitudes 6) Criticisms of the theory 1. Difficult to establish causality 2. Too broad E) General Media Effects Theories 1) Social Learning 1. Overview We can learn behavior by watching otherÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s behavior 2. How it works a. Basic model: Attention to performance of behavior b. Important conditions 1) Identification with model 2) Model rewards/consequences 3) Situational motivations The situation should be the same c. Categorizing the theory 1) Causes change 2) Individual-level 3) Long-term 4) Non-cumulative (only need to see performance once) 5) Behavioral focus 2) Excitation Transfer 1. Overview The excitement we get from media content can exaggerate our feelings 2. How it works 1) Physiological arousal (transfer) Media content can be arousal Expose to arousing content 2) Exaggeration comes from misunderstanding the cause of arousal. 3) Categorizing the theory 1. Causes change 2. Individual level 3. Short-term 4. Non-cumulative 5. Affective focus 3) Exemplification A lot of times we see examples of people in news, we think about the represent issue, use the examples to judge issues. 1. How it works 1) People understand issues in terms of effect on other people 2) News stories supply examples of people and situations (exemplars); often extreme causes. ) People treat exemplars as typical cases 4) Exemplars are often easy to recall when a. No firm impression of actual situation b. Example created emotional reaction 5) Process Exposure to examples in News 6) Net effect: extreme, incorrect beliefs and judgments about social issues 2. Categorizing the theory 1) Causes change 2) Individual-level 3) Long-term 4) Non-cumulative 5) Cognitive focus 4) Dese nsitization a. The more you see bother the content, the less it bother you (content that used to bother you). b. How it works 1) Applies to affect-producing content 2) Basic model Repeated exposure 3) Outcome can be affected or behavior change c. Categorizing the theory 1) Causes change 2) Individual-level 3) Long-term 4) Cumulative 5) Affective focus (first) 5) Catharsis Not very supported, but very interesting media provide opportunity for us to add up emotions. (Media content lets us imagine away negative feelings) 1. How it works 1) We have negative experience 2) Media provide venue for fantasizing 3) Basic model Negative feelings 2. Categorizing the theory 1) Causes change 2) Individual-level 3) Short-term 4) Non-cumulative 5) Affective focus ) Reinforcement Some media content encourage us to stay as we are (media reinforces what we already think, feel and do) 1. How it works 1) Builds from 2 basic observations a. Not everyone reacts to media content b. Many people already behave as suggested by content 2) Basic model Exposure to content 2. Categorizing the theory (does not cause change) 1) Reinforces 2) Individual-level 3) Long-term 4) Non-cumulative 5) Cognitive/affective/behavioral focus F) Media Violence and Aggression 1) Basic models of violence effects 1. Exposure to violence in media Exposure Exposure Exposure 2. Exposure to violence in media 2) The research: content analysis, experiments, and survey studies 1. Content analysis (1) Count of violent acts Six percent of all TV shows have violence and have six hours (2) Perpetrators Good guys commit violence 3) Consequences (terrible) 70% of violent acts down, half of them show no harm or no pain. 4% content 2. Survey studies (1) One-time How much violence can you observe? Generally conducted on Children Ask teacher to measure the aggression in Children Ask children how much TV they watch Lots of TV= lots of aggression (2) Over-time 1961: increased exposure=increased aggression 1971: increased exposure=increased aggression Being exposed to violence= aggressive behavior (causal nature) 3. Experiment Field experiments: outcomes based on previous experience Look at previous behavior, control predict Violent is related to aggressive Trying to find out what people are doing naturally Less control 3) Criticisms of the research Causal model cannot show relationship with certainty Why is there so much violence? Easily produced Easily understood G) Sexually Explicit Content ) Issues in sexually explicit content research: the basic categorization scheme, kinds of dependent variables, ethical concerns 1. The basic categorization scheme (1) Sexually violent a. Sex involves in movies (2) Nonviolent degrading More or less can teach bad things for male and female relationship (3) Nonviolent non-degrading Love, equal power between (4) Nudity It is not real about sex (5) Child por nography 2. Kinds of dependent variables (1) Arousal What people will be like when show something? (2) Beliefs What people think about the sexual content? (3) Attitudes (4) Behavior WhatÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s your sexual activity? Take safe or not? 3. Ethical concerns People do the content worries about 2) Effects of non-violent sexually explicit content: degrading and non-degrading content 3) Effects of sexual violence: what makes sexual violence different than other violence, typical sexual violence content types and exposure effects We only see it in media Typical sexual violence content types: the outcome 4) Criticisms of the research Hard to do this experiment H) Race in Crime News 1) Theoretical approaches to possible effects 2) Race and crime news: how various racial groups are depicted 3) Explaining differences in news coverage I) Mass Media and Gender 1) Theoretical approaches to possible effects 2) Remember audience differences 3) Entertainment media and advertising: content patterns, the role of media producers, research on effects of exposure to body images J) Media Media and Health 1) Theoretical approaches to possible effects 2) Representations of mental disorders 3) Representations of physicians: current and past 4) Entertainment-Education 5) Media Obesity: characteristics of common portrayals (of food and people), nutritional knowledge K) Public Opinion 1) Public opinion defined 2) Spiral of Silence ) Criticisms of Spiral of Silence We need more research, dont work very well in the USA. L) Agenda Setting, Priming, Framing 1) The agenda setting effect: the public agenda, the media agenda, how the media communicate the importance of issues, the basic model 2) Agenda setting research: survey research at one time, survey research over time, and experiments 3) Conditions that affect when agenda setting happens: individual differences and issue obtrusiveness 4) Issue priming: the priming effect and research Use the issue to judge the leaders 5) Framing: the news framing effect Does take in account what it said. M) Mass Media and Presidential Elections 1) Relationship between candidates and journalists 2) PattersonÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s Game Schema Theory a) Hypothesis: general thesis and model b) Opposing approaches to elections: how journalists and voters approach elections c) Effects of this disparity d) Why this has occurred e) Strengths and weaknesses (criticisms) of the theory N) Effects of Internet Use 1) Internet use affects quality of interactions 2) Internet use replaces interpersonal communication 3) Internet use replaces traditional mass media People dont have recourses to do multiple things. You dont know when someone watching you. Internet people can get really diversity information III. Discussion section content since examination #1 A) Sex Roles on Television and Stereotype Threat B) Video game and music video findings C) Voter turnout trends and campaigns Important thing to know who tends to vote. Education level, race graphics Why? Old people are home, and others. VEP is better than the VAP Learn about the candidates and decide how you to vote Watch the news and look for issue information about the conditdates Want to decide how to vote I donÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t want to become a police officer ViewerÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s attitudes ViewerÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s beliefs Performance of behavior Learning of behavior Exaggeration of feelings Arousal Examples used in beliefs and judgment about issues Recall of examples Acceptance of depicted behavior Reduced emotional response Perform Reduction of original feelings Various releases of feelings Exposure to others acting out feelings Predisposition reinforcement Aggressiveness Aggressiveness Social learning Aggressiveness Excitation transfer Aggressiveness Desensitization Fear

Monday, May 4, 2020

A New Joe on the Block free essay sample

A New Ã¢â‚¬Å"JoeÃ¢â‚¬  on the Block 1. What are the top three key decisions faced by Joe? a. Joe has to decide the best location for his coffee shop b. Joe needs the understanding of what makes a coffee shop popular c. Joe needs to know the coffee consumption pattern in United States. 2. What are the deliverables that an outside researcher should produce to help Joe with the Key decision? An outside research deliverables should be able to provide information either through exploration or descriptive research about key problems faced by his client, Ã¢â‚¬Å"JoeÃ¢â‚¬ .The intelligence that resulted from such deliverables should produce information like right location for coffee shops e. g. commercial areas might be more suitable for coffee shops than residential areas, what affects the popularity of coffee shop, whether it is the brand, services, products, consumer behavior and to what extent these variables have on the popularity of the coffee shops, and lastly, how often people consume coffee and what affects their consumption habits. The study that surveyed 100 consumers form a small organics shop provides some insight into the behavior of some adamant coffee drinkers, part of which can be used in understanding the attributes of popular coffee shops. The other studies show different opinion about coffee taste preferences from different locations. All these can provide some kind of understanding about the competitorÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s landscape. 4. What flaws in the coffee taste studies should Joe consider in trying to weigh the merits of their results? The flaw in the first two taste studies is that the conclusions are based on opinion of single person and not a random sample that could reflect consistent pattern among the target consumers. Research based on a single person is not as strong as it would be if it were to be based on more of the target population. The taste studies also reviewed a sample of 100 people from an organic shop, which isnÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t the market Joe would be targeting for his coffee shop. 5. Briefly relate this situation to each of the major stages of the marketing research process. If Joe wants to conduct a business research, firstly he needs the objective in this case that would be what kind of coffee people in United States like and which is the best possible place for his coffee shop. Then he needs to plan a research design and a sample study. Collecting and analyzing the data comes next. Surveying would be the most appropriate in this case. After analyzing the data Joe or his researcher can produce a report to conclude the study. 6. Try to do a quick search to explore the question Ã¢â‚¬Å" are american consumer preference the same all across the United States ? Search in the internet shows that Americans choice of coffee is not much different than one another. It may differ a little in terms of place but most of them go for instant coffee and majority of coffee-drinking Americans go for franchaise coffee shop and are loyal to them. The biggest franchaise in America are DunkinÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ Donuts, Starbucks, Mcdonalds. 11% of American adults go to DunkinÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ Donuts. Where as 13% of American adults go to Starbucks. 7. Would it be better for Joe to do the research himself or have a consultant perform the work? From the report of the research Joe will decide where to open a coffee shop, what kind of coffee he should produce and where to produce. I believe a hiring a specialist is much more suitable option in this situation. 8. If a consultant comes in to do the job, what are three key deliverables that would likely be important to Joe in making a decision to launch the Cup of Joe coffee shop? The three deliverables Joe is looking from his hired consultant would be; which place would be best for his coffee shop, what makes a coffee shop successful and which combination of price and quality most people in that region like most.