Immuno Oncology biomarkers

Overview checkpoint inhibitors

Starting from 2010’s, immunotherapy has brought a revolution of changes in how cancers are treated.  Using the immune system to target tumors, largely by suppressing the programmed cell death protein (PD-1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) pathways, has been effective for melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, etc.  A comprehensive review of known immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) could be found in a 2017 Nature review.