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Determination of near-surface shear velocity structure based on joint inversion of Rayleigh-wave dispersion and ellipticity from multi-station active seismic records

The dispersive characteristics of high-frequency (≥2 Hz) Rayleigh waves have been widely applied to determine subsurface shear velocity ( VS). However, the VS of the high-velocity surface layers (e.g., rigid roads in urban areas) and underlying layers is poorly constrained in the Rayleigh-wave dispersion inversion. Compared to the phase velocity, the Rayleigh-wave horizontal-to-vertical (H/V) ratios of particle motion (i.e., ellipticity) are particularly sensitive to shallow VS structures. Therefore, we have proposed a robust method for obtaining near-surface VS structures by inverting Rayleigh-wave dispersion and H/V data. Initially, we separate the fundamental-mode Rayleigh wave from the active-seismic records using a high-resolution linear Radon transformation method. Then, we extract the high-frequency H/V and interstation phase traveltimes from the separated fundamental mode using deconvolution interferometry and the frequency-time analysis method. Based on the phase traveltimes, we calculate the phase velocity dispersion using ray-based tomography. Finally, we perform the joint inversion of dispersion and H/V data to obtain the VS structure. According to the inversion results of synthetic and field data, the accuracy of the VS in the rigid surface layer and underlying layers is considerably improved. We find that the joint inversion of Rayleigh-wave phase velocity dispersion and H/V data from surface-wave surveys is a useful tool for accurately determining the complex shallow VS structures.