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Targeting fibroblast growth factor receptor and discoidin domain receptor 2 in non-small-cell lung cancer.

Many of the recently approved therapies in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are preferentially active against nonsquamous NSCLC, so development of effective targeted therapies in squamous cell histology tumors is a promising area of investigation. Discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) mutations occur infrequently in squamous NSCLC but seem to be more prevalent than in adenocarcinoma. The fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signaling pathway, comprising 22 FGF ligands and four FGF receptors, is also frequently amplified or mutated in squamous NSCLC. Small-molecule drugs that target these molecular alterations in NSCLC are discussed here.