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Cyano-Functionalized Quinoxaline-Based Polymer Acceptors for All-Polymer Solar Cells and Organic Transistors.

Quinoxaline (Qx) derivatives are promising building units for efficient photovoltaic polymers owing to their strong light absorption and high charge-transport abilities, but they have been used exclusively in the construction of polymer donors. Herein, for the first time, we report Qx-based polymer acceptors (PAs) by introducing electron-withdrawing cyano (CN) groups into the Qx moiety (QxCN). A series of QxCN-based PAs, P(QxCN-T2), P(QxCN-TVT), and P(QxCN-T3), are synthesized by copolymerizing QxCN unit with bithiophene, (E)-1,2-di(thiophene-2-yl)ethene, and terthiophene, respectively. All of the PAs exhibit the unipolar n-type characteristics with organic field-effect transistor (OFET) mobilities of ~10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1. In space-charge-limited current devices, P(QxCN-T2) and P(QxCN-TVT) exhibit electron mobilities greater than 1.0´10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1, due to the well-ordered structure with tight π-π stacking. When the PAs are applied in all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs), the highest performance of 5.32% is achieved in the P(QxCN-T2)-based device. These results demonstrate the significant potential of Qx-based PAs for high-performance all-PSCs and OFETs.