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The potential for an androgen male contraceptive.


 20 healthy men, 23-34 years of age, were selected to study the potential for using an exogenous androgen as a reversible male contraceptive. The experimental design consisted of a 10-week control period, an initial 12-week period with weekly 200 mg injections of testosterone enanthate (TE), a 36-week period with 200 mg injections of TE every 3 weeks, and a 28-week recovery period. Serum concentrations of testosterone were increased about 50% during the initial treatment period, and gonadotropins became very low or undetectable and essentially unresponsive to LRH. Sperm density fell, and 11 of the 19 men evaluated at the end of the weekly injection period had less that 1 million sperm/ml semen. Serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) and sperm density rose when TE was given every 3 weeks, and on this regimen only 1 man consistently had suppressed gonadotropins and sperm counts of less than 1 million/ml. Each man's sperm count during the recovery period exceeded 25 million/ml and 15 of the 17 men had average values which were similiar to or exceeded their average control values. There were no serious side effects during the study period. The mean concentration of hemoglobin increased from 15.1 + or - 0.2 g/dl to about 16.0 g/dl and the serum glutamic oxalopyruvic transaminase increased from 44 + or - 4.5 to more than 60 centaunits during treatment. Serum concentration of estradiol increased from 34.1 + or - 2.6 to 59.4 + or - 6.2 pg/ml when testosterone levels were increased. There were no significant changes in carbohydrate tolerance, cholesterol, triglyceride, or clotting studies. The regimen failed to uniformly achieve azoospermia or ligospermia of sufficient degree to assure its effectiveness as a contraceptive agent.
