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[Features of clinical nutrition of patients with anemia in penitentiary institutions].

The problem of psychological and somatic health of convicts is very important for society. Nutrition is one of the factors directly affecting it. In order to respect the rights and legitimate interests of this category of persons in the Russian Federation nowadays, various nutritional standards are distinguished depending on gender, age, health, working conditions, etc. The aim of the work was to evaluate the clinical nutrition of convicted patients with anemia sentenced to imprisonment. Material and methods. An analysis of more than 100 weekly layouts of the products of correctional institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia was conducted, according to which meals were organized for more than 39,000 convicts, including 2,000 convicts suffering from anemia. Results and discussion. The analysis revealed that the energy value of the diet for men convicted ranged from 3900 to 4200 kcal/day, and for women - from 3400 to 3900 kcal/day, which corresponded to the physiological needs for energy and nutrients. At the same time, at the legislative level, special elevated nutritional standards have been identified for convicted anemia patients who are in-patient treatment in institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service, regardless of the place of detention. In the course of a comparative analysis of the diets of medical nutrition used for sick inmates and persons in medical organizations of Russia, differences were revealed not only in the number of items of food, but also in the daily consumption rate. The energy value of the diets of patients with anemia is 3200 kcal/day for persons in medical institutions, and 3180 kcal/day for prisoners held in prisons. As recommendations, it should be noted that it is advisable for convicts to be given 150 ml of natural milk for an afternoon snack or lunch, separately from the fish served for dinner, as well as the expediency of using low-fat dairy products in diets. Conclusion. Despite the differences in the nutritional standards of patients with anemia among convicts and patients at large, the overall balance of protein, carbohydrate, fat and mineral is almost identical, balanced and rational.