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Societal Closure and International Mass Communications: Testing the Deutsch Hypothesis

IT HAS FREQUENTLY BEEN ASSUMED that the burgeoning technology of communications would shrink the globe and put the peoples of the world in closer touch with one another. Yet the state of the world today leads us to doubt these common sense notions about the integrative role of communications. A theoretical explanation had already been mapped out in the early fifties by Karl Deutsch, who contended that communications are the principal organizing force in societies, and that ongoing national development is essentially a process of differentiation from other peoples.' "The more effective a communications system gets," stated Deutsch in Nationalism and Social Communication, "the more sharply separate does it become from all those groups or languages which it cannot incorporate. "2 In a subsequent work, The Nerves of Government,3