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Host Oriented Factor Normalizing Authentication Resource: More Secure Authentication for Legacy Systems

Whenever one accesses a computer system there are three essential security issues involved: identification, authentication and authorization. The identification process enables recognition of an entity, which may be either a human, a machine, or another asset – e.g. software program. Two complementary mechanisms are used for determining who can access those systems: authentication and authorization. To address the authentication process, various solutions have been proposed in the literature, from a simple password to newer technologies based on biometrics or RFID (Radio Frequency Identification). This paper presents a novel scalable multi-factor authentication method, applicable to computer systems with no need of any hardware/software changes.