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Radio Wave Propagation: Simulation of Free Space Propagation Path Loss

In free space propagation, the propagation path between a transmitter and a receiver is direct to one another. Having no obstructions present in free space, there are minimal to no attenuation in signals. Still, there exists a free-space path loss. This is defined as the loss of the radio wave signal or its signal while it travels in free space. Determining the path loss is crucial for designing communication systems so that it can work at its best despite the issues that can be encountered. Additionally, path loss has been used in radio communications and wireless survey tools in order to identify the signal strength of antennas. With the increase in importance for wireless devices such as survey tools and software, it has become helpful to understand the concept of radio path loss as a whole. This paper focuses on simulating the free space propagation path loss to have a clear understanding of its function and the factors that affect it. The software used for this is MATLAB so that graphs can be obtained to have a direct and simple visual of the path loss.