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A Dissipative Hydrological Model and its Application in the Hotan Oasis

Hydrological model is an essential tool that has played an important role to manage water resources. In the arid oasis plain, there is almost no runoff from the rainfall event. Water supply mainly depends on the surface runoff generated from the rainfall, snow and glaciers melting in the mountainous region. The oasis is a place where runoff components gradually disappear through evaporation, transpiration. Due to human activities, water transformation occurs frequently among surface runoff, soil water, and groundwater. Based on the oasis water cycle and monthly water balance, a dissipative hydrological model was developed to simulate the quantitative relationship among atmospheric water, surface water, soil water and groundwater. The data set collected in the Hotan Oasis was applied to calibrate the model parameters and validate the model. The results showed that the model structure is reasonable and it can be used to compute the volumes of water consumption in the oasis. By quantitatively calculating the components of water balance, we can kwon where and how much water goes and responding measures of water resources regulation would be made to facilitate the effective and efficient utilization of water resources.