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Slipped capital femoral epiphysis: current concepts review

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is one of the most common hip disorders affecting adolescents. This condition requires expeditious diagnosis and treatment because the long-term consequences from delayed diagnosis are severe. The primary pathology is acute or gradual displacement of the capital femoral epiphysis relative to the femoral neck through the physis. The most useful classification of the disease divides patients into stable or unstable types, depending on the patient's ability to bear weight. The gold standard for treatment of SCFE of all types is in situ screw fixation, although emerging alternative treatments advocate acute reduction with capsular decompression. Long-term functional outcome of treated SCFE is related to the degree of residual deformity. Functionally limiting residual proximal femoral deformity may be treated through femoral neck osteoplasty or proximal femoral osteotomies.