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Abebe Zegeye and Shubi Ishemo (eds), Forced Labour and Migration: patterns of movement within Africa . London, Munich and New York: Zell, 1989, 405 pp.

This book resulted from a conference held at Nuffield College, Oxford, in 1987. The authors 'do not claim to offer the last word on forced labour and migration. Rather, they seek to offer, in an individual and collective sense, a scope for further research both historical and contemporary on the origins and reproduction of this phenomenon' (p. 1). The first chapter is an updated classic by J. Clyde Mitchell, 'The causes of migrant labour'. This paper originally appeared in 1959 and has been updated for the volume. The other chapters are mainly historical. They include a study of the development of the contract system in Namibia between 1900 and 1926; the phenomenon of forced labour and migration in one province of Mozambique between 1870 and 1914; labour and coercion in early colonial Kenya; the development of seasonal labour to serve plantations in the Aringa region of Tanzania during the colonial period; the role of women 'running away' as migrants from customary marriage practices; and two papers on forced labour and migration in Senegal.