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Mathematical modeling of spreading cortical depression: spiral and reverberating waves

Mathematical models of spreading depression are considered in the form of reaction‐diffusion systems in two space dimensions. The systems are solved numerically. In the two component model with potassium and calcium ion concentrations, we demonstrate, using updated parameter values, travelling solitary waves of increased potassium and decreased calcium. These have circular wavefronts emanating from a region of application of potassium chloride. The collision of two such waves does not, as in one space dimension, result in annihilation but the formation of a unified wave with a large wavefront. For the first time we show that the mathematical model reproduces the actual properties of spreading depression waves in cortical structures. With attention to geometry, timing and location of stimuli we have succeeded in finding reverberating waves matching experiment. By simulating the technique of anodal block, spiral waves have also been demonstrated which parallel those found experimentally. The six‐component m...