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π-Conjugated Copper Phthalocyanine Nanoparticles as Highly Sensitive Sensor for Colorimetric Detection of Biomarkers.

Though numerous nanomaterials with enzyme-like activities have been utilized as probes and sensors to detect biological molecules, it is still challenging to construct polymeric materials as highly sensitive detectors for biomarkers. Benefiting from the π-d delocalization eﬀect of electrons, excellent metal-chelating property, high electron transferability, and good chemical stability of π-conjugated phthalocyanine, here, we report to design the copper phthalocyanine-based conjugated polymer nanoparticles (Cu-PcCP NPs) as a colorimetric sensor for a variety of biomarkers. The Cu-PcCP NPs are synthesized through a simple microwave-assisted polymerization, and their chemical structures are thoroughly characterized. The colorimetric results of Cu-PcCP NPs demonstrate excellent peroxidase-like detecting activity and also great substrate selectivity than most of the reported Cu-based nanomaterials. The Cu-PcCP NPs can achieve a detection limit of 4.88 μM for the H 2 O 2 , 4.27 μM for the L-cysteine, and 21.10 μM for the glucose via a cascade catalytic system, which shows comparable detecting sensitivity as that of many earlier reported enzyme-like nanomaterials. Moreover, Cu-PcCP NPs present remarkable resistance to harsh conditions, including high temperature, low pH, excessive salts, etc. This highly specific π-conjugated copper-phthalocyanine nanoparticle not only overcomes the current limitation of polymeric material-based sensors but also provides a new direction for designing next-generation enzyme-like nanomaterial-based colorimetric biosensors.