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Semicontinuous Detection of 1,2-Dichloroethane in Water Samples Using Xanthobacter autotrophicus GJ 10 Encapsulated in Chitosan Beads.

A semicontinuous microbial assay for the determination of halogenated short-chain hydrocarbons in water samples was developed. The bacterium Xanthobacter autotrophicus GJ 10 forms dehalogenating enzymes, which liberate the halides in 1,2-dichloroethane as halogen ions. Cells of the organism were immobilized in chitosan beads and placed into a tube reactor, whose outlet was connected to a flow-through cell with chloride-selective potentiometric electrodes. Water samples were delivered continuously to the system, and the EMF was recorded. Both the difference in EMF between blank and sample and the velocity of the EMF change were used for calibration. The detection limit for 1,2-dichloroethane was below 0.5 mg/L; the relative standard deviation was <10%. The effects of several parameters like flow rate and cell density were studied in detail.