{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.014164305949008499, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 5.057142857142857, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
The Effect of China’s One Child Policy on Sex Selection, Family Size, and the School Enrolment of Daughters

A large economics literature provides evidence that parents trade-off the quantity of children with the quality of children, which implies that child ‘quality’ declines as family size increases. Child psychologists argue that increases in the number of children can increase the child quality because it provides children with opportunities to teach and learn from each other. Alternatively, there may simply be economies of scale in childcare costs for items such as clothes and textbooks such that an additional child lowers the marginal cost of quality for all children. Both China and India have experimented with different family planning policies to limit family size. This study addresses the effect of family size by examining the impact of increasing the number of children from one to two on school enrolment in rural China. To establish causality, the author exploits region and birth year variation in relaxations of the one child policy.