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C60 Modification of Al Anode for Efficient Hole Injection in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

An Al:C60 composite anode structure was developed to improve hole injection in organic light-emitting diodes. Work function of Al was shifted from 4.3 eV to 5.2 eV by the addition of C60 because of complex formation between C60 and Al. The current density in the device was improved by 10 times by using a composite anode structure because of low hole injection energy barrier between the composite anode and hole transport layer.