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General Population-Based Studies of Problematic Internet Use

In Europe, 16 studies based on general population samples show a wide range of prevalence estimations ranging from 0.2% to 11.8% for Internet addiction and from 2.8% to 25.1% for at-risk use. Differences are due to assessment instruments, age groups, regions under study, and whether surveys focus on Internet gaming alone or on broader use of different Internet applications. The disorders are associated with male gender, younger age, mental health problems, and unfavorable social conditions. Prevalence estimations in most of the European studies show that relevant proportions of the population suffer from problematic Internet use, particularly in young age groups. Effective prevention and early intervention and treatment are necessary to face this new disorder. Future studies would benefit from generally accepted criteria and assessment tools for problematic Internet use.