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High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of artemisinine (qinghaosu) in human plasma and saliva.

A liquid chromatographic method for the determination of artemisinine in human plasma and saliva is described. Artemisinine was extracted from plasma and saliva samples with ethyl acetate and then converted to a strongly UV-absorbing compound, Q260, by a known pre-column reaction. The samples were chromatographed on a C18 column with a 0.010 M NaH2PO4-Na2HPO4 buffer solution (water-methanol = 6 + 4) as the mobile phase. The purity and identity of the peaks of interest were examined. The detection limit of artemisinine in plasma and saliva was about 2.5 ng ml–1. Over the concentration range 10–1000 ng ml–1, the recovery and relative standard deviation were >95% and 1.2–18%, respectively. Plasma and saliva concentration-time profiles were determined in two healthy volunteers after the administration of artemisinine.