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Multi-element Analysis and Geographical Origin Classification of Italian (Calabrian) Wines



In this article, a comprehensive study was carried out for
food authenticity evaluation through chemometric analyses, correlating botanical and geographical
origins with food chemical composition.



A total of eighteen Calabrian red, rose and white wines were analyzed through Inductively
Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS).



 The mineral concentrations, determined by ICP-MS in the investigated wine samples, followed
the subsequent order: K > P > Mg > Na > Ca > Fe > Cu > Zn > Mn > V.



The 2D Scatterplot and loading plot (Principal Component Analysis) showed that all red, rose and
white wine samples from “Cirò” DOP area were grouped in the fourth, second and third quadrant,
respectively, clearly separated from each other. Samples from “Cirò” red showed positive PC1 and
were characterized by higher K, Fe, Mn, Na, V and Zn concentrations. Moreover, the points corresponding
to two red wines from the “Terre di Cosenza” DOP area fall into the first quadrant; those
corresponding to two rose wines from the “Donnici” and “Sant’Anna di Isola di Capo Rizzuto” DOP
areas fall into the third and fourth quadrants, respectively; the point corresponding to a white wine
from the “Donnici” DOP area falls into the second quadrant.



 Experimental results demonstrated that it is possible to strictly relate, through the PCA,
wines to their geographical and botanical provenance, thus becoming a useful tool for evaluating the
product authenticity and guaranteeing it to the consumers.
