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Hanson lecture. Adrenal imaging: current status.

The development of cross-sectional imaging techniques has dramatically improved our ability to examine the adrenal glands. No longer requiring time-consuming or invasive procedures such as arteriography, venography, or venous sampling, the adrenal glands are readily imaged with CT, sonography, and MR imaging. The most common indication for adrenal imaging is the detection of metastatic disease. Although tumor metastases as small as 1 cm are easily detected by CT, they must be distinguished from benign adenomas. Furthermore, diseases of the adrenal glands may become manifest as a result of hormone excess or deficiency. Thus, adrenal diseases may be considered as hyperfunctional disorders, adrenal insufficiency, or diseases in which adrenal function is normal. As these hormones can readily be measured, there is seldom doubt in which category a patient belongs.