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EXAMINATION OF UNDERWATER HEARING AND FREQUENCY DISCRIMINATION IN THE CLAWED FROG XENOPUS LAEVIS LAEVIS

stimulation. The lagena does not receive substantial input from the swimbladder under the conditions of this experiment. Rather, the lagena appears to respond to accelerations of the head holder and body produced by the dipole source. Previous research (Coombs et al. 1996, Coombs and Fay 1997) has shown that a nearby dipole source activates the goldfish lateral line system through its pressure-gradient field. The present experiment demonstrates that the same source may also activate otolithic organs of the inner ear in one or both of two additional ways: through whole body accelerations (lagena and saccule) and through pressure fluctuations transduced by the anterior swimbladder chamber (saccule only).