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Automatic Extraction and Geospatial Analysis of Lineaments and their Tectonic Significance in South Cameroon Area using Remote Sensing Techniques and GIS

This study investigates the dominant orientations of lineament features and the relationship between these trends and the spatial orientation of tectonic structures in the transition zone of the Congo craton and the Pan African belt in South Cameroon area. Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS and hill-shaded images, constructed from 30 m-resolution SRTM-DEM data, were used for automatically extracting and mapping geological lineaments. Lineament features were analyzed by means of azimuth frequency and length density distributions. Three major sets of lineaments trending W–E, ENE-WSW and WNW-ESE are identified in the South Cameroon area. These trends are probably related to repeated reactivation of pre-existing crustal structures during Eburnean and Pan-African tectonic episodes. The lineaments were formed under the compressional tectonic stress regimes generated during these tectonic events.