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May the Conservation Measures Partnership open standards framework improve the effectiveness of the Natura 2000 European Network? A comparative analysis

In this essay, we compare two frameworks widely known in conservation planning and integrative environmental management: the CMP Open Standards for the Practice of Conservation (OSPC), a standardized management tool, and the Natura 2000 European framework (“Birds” and “Habitats” Directives). The comparative analysis is conducted using a “Rosetta Stone” analysis approach. We provide a detailed overview of differences and overlaps, highlighting how many steps and sub-steps of the OSPC match the Natura 2000 European framework needs. The management of Natura 2000 sites could be approached by resorting to the methodological guidance provided by the OSPC, which should have to be slightly adapted to the local specificities of each sites. The OSPC could be encompassed efficiently into the EU N2000 guidance documents as well as into management practices of each Member State, and the management approach could be improved in the light of the Standard's idealized management framework. Nevertheless, during the application of various steps, managers should emphasize the role of direct and indirect threats and the threats-targets causal chains at the local scale. This comparison highlighted how successful strategies in conservation planning, integrative environmental management and restoration require clear conceptual frameworks. The CMP Standards appear to be a useful tool with a clear conceptual framework that may improve the effectiveness of the management within the Natura 2000 network. In this sense, the OSPC can be used as a template for such management.