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Current State and Future Perspectives of Carbon Based Materials in the Environment: Fate and Application.

BACKGROUND
Environmental pollution has been a recognized problem for human health and the ecosystem. Remediation is usually costly and time-consuming, so researchers' attention has been drowning to develop and use new materials. This review aims to summarize the recent development of carbon-based materials used for environmental management.


METHOD
We conducted a detailed analysis of available literature based on the Web of Science database. In the third part of the manuscript are given some of the recent patents on carbon based materials. The corresponding papers were carefully evaluated.


RESULTS
More than one hundred and ninety papers were included in section literature. Based on the available literature it can be observed an increasing trend in carbon-based material usage. These materilas are used in resolving environmental issues: adsorbents in water and wastewater treatment; precursor of catalysts, soil improvement, waste management, climate change mitigation, electrochemical energy storage and soil remediation adsorption processes. Although it is manly new approach considered as environmentally friendly, there are finding, observation, negative aspects, and conclusion that must be taken into consideration.


CONCLUSION
The findings of this review confirm that many factors must be considered when carbon-based materials are used. At the same time, this review aims to emphasize development trends in providing a useful guide to design and fabricate high-efficiency and low-cost carbon materials.