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Role of nebulized amphotericin B in the management of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in cystic fibrosis: Case report and review of literature

Abstract Objectives: To review the data available in literature about nebulized amphotericin B (AMB) in the treatment of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in cystic fibrosis (CF) and to report our experience in the use of this drug, with a particular therapeutic scheme. Case Report: We used nebulized liposomal amphotericin B (L-AMB) in a patient affected by CF, complicated by ABPA. The previous combined treatment with oral steroids and azoles had no respiratory benefit and caused relevant side effects. Amphotericin B has always been well tolerated and permitted a slight steroid tapering. We also observed benefits in pulmonary function and laboratory tests. Conclusions: Few data are available in literature about the use of nebulized AMB in CF and there are no RCTs evaluating antifungals in CF-ABPA. In our opinion, the reported case suggests that nebulized L-AMB could represent a possible strategy in ABPA management in CF patients.