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Utilization of Pineapple Waste as a Roughage Source Diets for Ruminant: A Review

An important sector that can contribute sources of animal protein is ruminant livestock. Growth performance and meat quality were reported to be improved with high-fiber feeds. Pineapple waste as a feed ingredient has the potential to reduce dependence on grains and fodder crops during the dry season. The most widely grown plant in tropical countries is pineapple ( Ananas comosus L.). Pineapple has been processed in fresh form such as: sliced, mashed, jam, chips, candy, dodol, and juice. The food industry processing of pineapple produces a large amount of waste, such as skin, crown tip, shoot tip, and core (50 -70%). The availability of pineapple in Indonesia is also high, around 2.4 million tons per year. If the waste is not handled, it will be difficult to dispose of and cause environmental problems. For this reason, the use of pineapple waste is reported to be used as a substitute for grass. The high content of crude fiber (39.75% on average) and carbohydrates (41.92%), as well as crude protein (6-8%), which is similar to Napier grass indicates that pineapple waste is a source of fiber for ruminants. This article aims to review the potential of pineapple waste as a roughage source of diets for a ruminant. This writing method used in this article is a literature study. Pineapple waste in ruminants is indicating to be suitable for use as a fiber source; this is evidenced by several research results carried out. In the form of fresh, dried, and fermented, Pineapple waste is reported to be used as additional feed and can replace 50% of ruminant forage in the total mixed ration. The use of pineapple stem processed into pulp is used as a fiber source with a balanced concentration level of 4 to 6 kg/head/day linearly increasing the intake of dry matter, protein, neutral fiber, and energy for the Holstein steer feedlot, and may also be beneficial for other ruminants. The price of feed is expected to be more efficient, cheaper and the sustainability of the livestock industry is maintained by utilizing pineapple waste as a source of fiber for ruminants.