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Brief psychotherapies for depression: current status

Purpose of review We intend to review recent randomized controlled trials and current research on mediators and moderators of treatment effects in psychotherapies for depression. Recent findings Treatment trials suggest that brief therapies can be effective for individuals from different ethnic and patient sub-populations. There is limited evidence on cost-effectiveness of brief therapies and the data on the benefits for different modes of therapy delivery suggest there are still a number of issues to address in this area. Work on mediators and moderators is in its infancy, but there is a number of factors, such as therapeutic alliance, certain personality traits and the notion of sudden therapeutic gain that appear to be important predictors of outcome across all brief therapies for depression. Summary Depression is a chronic disorder with a high risk of relapse that requires active treatment. Identifying which individuals would particularly benefit from psychological as compared to pharmacological approaches and developing an understanding of the general and specific mechanisms of action of brief therapies remain major challenges.