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Microcomputer-Controlled Charging and Monitoring of Batteries

When charging a battery it is important not to overcharge it nor to terminate the charging process too early. Otherwise the capacity and the lifetime will be reduced. Therefore it is mandatory to determine the state of charge exactly. If as is usual the voltage is measured while the charging current flows, large errors are almost inevitable. In order to avoid these errors, new procedures are proposed that periodically interrupt or invert the charging current. At the same time, several parameters representing the state of the charging circuit and of the battery can be determined.