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Fluctuating shear during resistance exercise

Aerobic exercise enhances flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), an index of endothelial function, but this favourable effect is abolished when it mechanically attenuates shear rate (SR) (Tinken et al., 2009). These findings suggest that an exercise-induced increase in SR rather than systemic cardiovascular changes is a crucial stimulus for the improvement of endothelial function (Green, Hopman, Padilla, Laughlin, & Thijssen, 2017). In contrast, resistance exercise, an important component of health-promoting exercise programmes, decreases FMD in both active (Gonzales, Thompson, Thistlethwaite, & Scheuermann, 2011) and inactive limbs (Morishima, Tsuchiya, Iemitsu, & Ochi, 2018). The mechanism responsible for the acute attenuation of FMD after resistance exercise remains unclear, but changes in the SR profile and in the haemodynamic parameters during resistance exercise are speculated to provide key information that can help in elucidating thesemechanisms. In this regard, in this issue of Experimental Physiology Thomas and colleagues (2020) tested the acute effect of resistance exercise on the SR profile in active and inactive limbs in young adults. Thomas et al. (2020) explored the acute effects of resistance exercise (three sets of 10 isotonic repetitions of bicep curls or knee extensions, with ∼5min rest between sets) on the blood flow (BF) and SR in the brachial and superficial femoral arteries. Doppler and blood pressure (BP) measurements were performed before and for 3 min after each set. Systolic and diastolic BPs increased to a similar extent after the upper limb (UL) and lower limb (LL) exercises (systolic BP, +36–38 mmHg; diastolic BP, +23–24 mmHg). In the active limb, anterograde SR was