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Beyond the Locus Sanctus: The Independent Iconography of Pilgrims' Souvenirs

This article re-examines the question of coping in medieval pilgrimage souvenirs. While some pilgrims' souvenirs were copies of monumental imagery at the cult center, others were not. Three souvenirs from Canterbury are examined for the ways they diverge from the locus sanctus, including chronological disjunction, difference in emphasis and complexity of referents. Pilgrims' badges and ampullae were worn objects, and in this context of display on the pilgrims' bodies, they generated public meanings beyond their mnemonic value to their owners. This article adds to the growing study of pilgrims' souvenirs by suggesting the variety of complexity of their relationships to the cult center, which go beyond simple coping.