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To Stagger Drunkenly in the Shadow of Peace: The Twelfth-Century Experience

EVEN AS historians express misgivings over the special terms they use to capture twelfth-century lustre, most appear hesitant to relinquish the wellknown catch-phrases. We still hear of “renaissance,” “renewal,” and “humanism,” though such expressions tend to be malleable, bent by cautioning qualifications to ward off anachronism. We also find the age envisaged as one of “discoveries,” including that of the individual and romantic love, again with qualifications made to warrant such usage. Even the temporal markers of the period, 1060–1230, seem lavish, indicating an expansiveness that the ordinary reckoning of a mere hundred years cannot contain. Indeed, historians refer to the era as “the long twelfth century,” a neat way of saying that, as far as centuries go, this one is so special, it begins early and ends late. The twelfth century, then, is