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Multi-Emitter Localization via Concurrent Variational Bayesian Inference in UAV-Based WSN

Applying Compressive Sensing (CS) to Received Signal Strength (RSS) based multi-emitter localization using Unmanned Arial Vehicles (UAVs) attracts much attention for its simplicity and efficiency. However, the RSS-based CS approach is vulnerable to the noise in a practical scenario. To mitigate this, we propose a robust localization framework for multiple emitters in UAV-based Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). We first approximate the lognormal noise’s influence on the dictionary by a two-layer hierarchical prior model. Then, by exploiting multi-frequency measurements, the multi-emitter localization is transformed into the joint estimation for multiple sparse vectors and noise level. Finally, the joint estimation problem is solved by a Concurrent Variational Bayesian Inference (CVBI) algorithm, where an adaptive grid pruning mechanism is designed. The merits of the proposed framework are testified by numerical simulations.