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Design techniques for improving intrinsic accuracy of resistor string DACs

This paper discusses design techniques for random and gradient errors compensation in resistor string digital-to-analog converters (DACs). By properly constructing the resistor string, the intrinsic accuracy of the whole DAC can be effectively improved without trimming, calibration or dynamic averaging. A design example is given and simulation results show that the proposed techniques can increase the accuracy of DAC by up to 2 bits with less than 25% area increase.