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Lineament Analysis by Using Remote Sensing and GIS Technique of Sangaw Area, Kurdistan Region, NE Iraq

Recently, structural lineaments have typically been increasingly emphasized in morphotectonic research because they are thought to be an excellent guide for determining tectonic settings and fracture zones in rocks. ERDAS Software was used to extract and analyze the lineaments within the Sangaw ‎area, which is located in the northeastern part of Iraq. This study employed a Digital Elevation Model from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission with a resolution of 30 meters. Directional filtering was used to extract the lineaments in four distinct directions (N-S, E-W, NE-SW, NW-SE). The overall trend’s direction of the lineaments is determined to be NW-SE, indicating that the area was succeeding the main tendency of Zagros folds. According to the density map of the lineaments, the low and medium-density lineaments occupy the main portion of the study area. The direction of the maximum tectonic stress and the rotation of the Arabian Plate counterclockwise led to the formation of joints in multiple directions, which were clarified by the system of lineaments’ relationships in harmony with the directions of the tectonic stresses and their contrast and effects. The field study showed high density and distinct activity in the study area of erosion and weathering processes as well as tectonic.