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Study and experimental setting of the Z-scan method for accurate nonlinear refractive index and absorption metrology

The Z-scan method has been widely used for the estimation of the nonlinear refractive index and the nonlinear absorption coefficient of various materials which usually show quite important nonlinear behaviors. However, it still remains difficult to perform accurate measurements of small nonlinear phase shifts since the major drawbacks of the method are an important multiplicative noise and a great sensitivity to the incident beam spatial quality and to the pulses temporal profile. In order to measure accurately the nonlinear refractive index of optical glasses in the nanosecond regime we had to improve the Z-scan method sensitivity and to reduce drastically the numerous possible errors. We have developed and optimized a Z-scan experimental setup which is well-adapted for the metrology of the nonlinear refractive index.