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Higher levels of IL-18 in patients with prediabetes compared to obese normoglycaemic controls

Abstract Background: Overweight and obesity are linked to low-grade chronic inflammation that can impair normal insulin function and induce insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to compare IL-18 levels between patients with prediabetes and obese normoglycaemic controls. Patients and methods: In this study, we included 131 patients with mean age 54.9 ± 9.1 years, divided into two groups – group 1 with obesity without glycaemic disturbances (n = 66) and group 2 with prediabetes (n = 65). IL-18 was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Results: Patients with prediabetes had significantly higher levels of IL-18 compared to obese controls (304.0 ± 220.4 vs. 233.6 ± 103.6 pg/l, p=.029). When patients with prediabetes were divided into IFG only, IGT only and IFG + IGT the highest levels of IL-18 were found in IGT only patients. Conclusions: Patients with prediabetes have higher levels of IL18 compared to obese normoglycemic controls.