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The combination of Chaetoceros gaussii (Bacillariophyta) with Attheya

Abstract The extremely rare, single-celled diatom Chaeloceros gausii is reported from a polynya in the southern Weddell Sea. Comparison of this material with preparations made by Heiden from the German South Pole expedition of 1901–1903 and with cultured cells has revealed affinities with the genus Attheya of benthic habitats and the combination Attheya gaussii (Heiden in Heiden & Kolbe) Crawford is proposed. Although found in the open water, we suspect that the diatom grows attached to sea ice in a similar situation to that shown by Attheya septentrionalis, which is its larger counterpart in the Arctic. An epitype is selected to support the lectotype illustrated by Simonsen in 1992.