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Structure and Function of Nano-sized InSb Precipitate Embedded in an Al Alloy

Al-Cu alloys are the most typical ageing hardenable aluminium alloys and have achieved wide applications ranging from the aircraft to the automobile industries, which trace back to 100 years ago [1]. Microalloying solutes (usually <0.1 at.%) including Sn, In and Cd are hypothesized to form nanosized precipitates first, and then catalyse the heterogeneous nucleation of q' (Al2Cu), a nanoscale precipitate and the dominant strengthening precipitate in Al-Cu alloys [2]. However, to date, there are no solid experimental results showing how q' nucleates heterogeneously from other precipitates at the atomic level because it is challenging to capture a nucleation process [3, 4]. In this study, using diffraction, imaging and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), we show that nano-sized InSb particles adopting a new crystal structure catalyse the heterogonous nucleation of q' by surface absorption. The nanoscale InSb precipitates are found to adopt a face-centred cubic (FCC) crystal structure that different from the Zinc Blende structure of the bulk state.