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Influence of Microstructure on Physical Properties of PT Porous Ceramics

The electromechanical and piezoelectric properties of PT-type ceramics can be modified both by A or B site substitution in the perovskite, and by varying the porosity of the material. In this work rare earth modified lead titanate material with the general formula (Pb 0.88 Nd 0.036 Dy 0.044 ) (Ti 0.98 Mn 0.02 )O 3 , was prepared by the ceramic technique. Sintering was carried out at 1260°C and 1170°C, for 5 hours. The microstructural analysis was performed on fresh fracture surface, in order to observe the true porosity of the material and morphology and dimensions of grains. A scanning electron microscope equipped with wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometer and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer was used. Materials with round shaped and agglomerated particles, smaller than 1 m, and pores with the maximum diameter of about 7 m were obtained. The effect of the pores on the values of electromechanical and piezoelectric properties is discussed.