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High integrity protective system design using a risk‐based approach

In 2007, API 521/ISO 23251 [AANSI/API Standard 521, Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries Pressure‐Relieving and Depressuring Systems, 2007] published guidance on the use of high integrity protective systems (HIPS). The Dow Chemical Company (Dow) updated its internal work process to apply Dow's risk‐based work processes to HIPS design, application, and evaluation. Rather than just focusing on the vessel‐related consequences of substituting a HIPS for a pressure relief device (PRD), the work process calls for stepping back and looking at the overall scenario and all the potential consequence outcomes. Using a risk‐based methodology requires looking at a much wider consequence potential than what Dow has traditionally focused on for the design of relief systems.