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Study on long noncoding RNA in enterovirus 71-induced severe hand-foot-mouth disease


 Background: To identify the critical type of severe hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in early stage, long noncoding ribonucleic acid (LncRNA) microarray was used to screen specific LncRNA and to predictpossible pathogenesis and target genes of HFMD. Methods: Twenty cases of EV71-induced severe HFMD were collected in Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from September 2015 to September 2016. LncRNA microarray was used to analyze the expression of LncRNA and mRNA in peripheral blood of children between severe type and critical type, and then verify the validity by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Bioinformatic methods were used to investigate differentially expressed mRNA by gene ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. Results: We obtained differentially expressed profiles of LncRNA and mRNA from peripheral blood of children with EV71-induced severe HFMD, and the number of LncRNA was 1949, the total mRNA profiles were 1422. GO analysis found that differentially expressed mRNAs were involved in the processes of immune response, immune defense, nucleic acid metabolism, and protein and molecule binding. KEGG analysis revealed that the differentially expressed mRNAs were involved in the p53 signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, osteoblast differentiation, and so on. The target gene SLPI was closely related to the critical type of severe HFMD by cis/trans target gene prediction, and the pathogenic processes was regulated by LncRNA NR_038337. Conclusion: Since differentially expressed LncRNAs and mRNAs are present in severe HFMD, our findings provide a new method to explore the pathogenesis of the critical type of severe HFMD, andfurther study on specific LncRNA and target genes in critical type has great significance for diagnosis and treatment of severe HFMD. Keywords: Long noncoding RNA; Enterovirus 71; Severe hand-foot-mouth disease; Target gene Trial registration:ChiCTR-DCD-15007192.Registered 8 October,2015, http://www.chictr.org.cn/ ChiCTR-DCD-15007192