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Risk Assessment of Home Gateway/Smart Meter in Smart Grid Service

In recent years, the Smart Grid has been attracting interest as the Internet continues to rapidly expand. The Smart Grid involves IT-ization of transmission networks by installing dedicated devices such as a home gateway (smart meter) and related software. The advantages of the Smart Grid include its efficient usage of electric power and the energy-saving effect that is passed down to the consumer. Furthermore, in a home gateway, an individual's behavior can be indirectly understood, for example, by examining the utilization status of electric power in the home. However, such handling of a home gateway is problematic in terms of privacy protection and other concerns. In this study, we performed risk assessment for a smart grid by comprehensively extracting the risk factors of the smart grid with the Risk Breakdown Structure (RBS) method and then analyzing and evaluating the factors. Results showed that there are 37 risk factors for a typical smart grid, including risks related to electric power data, the home gateway itself, personal information protection, and privacy protection. The risks relating to personal information protection and the like are of particular interest because they were newly generated from using ICT in a smart grid. Therefore, the development of an information security policy is indispensable in the development of effective smart grids.