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Body Composition in Subjects of Different Age and Body Mass Index

Ageing is an inevitable process involving complex biological and behavioral mechanisms. It brings about remarkable changes in human body composition. Several studies from the West have reported that an increase in body fat and a decrease of fat free mass occur at widely varying points of time as age advances. Our study was designed not only to explore the age related changes in body composition namely fat, fat free mass and body water in a small population of South India, but also to examine the body composition changes in chronically undernourished and overweight of obese subjects of <20 to >50 years of age as compared to a control normal group. The age at which increase of body fat and other changes in body composition occurred in these subjects were different from the previous studies and also from this own study when the data was analysed for the whole age groups without taking into consideration the nutritional status of the subjects based on body mass index. It was concluded that in states of negative or positive energy balance, the age related changes in body composition are deviated and the loss of fat free mass cannot be further compromised with ageing in the undernourished subjects and therefore results in loss of body fat.