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Body composition and protein utilization of chicks fed graded levels of fat.

Abstract Two experiments involving chicks fed a complete crystalline amino acid diet from day 8 to day 21 posthatching were employed to evaluate body composition changes and protein utilization as a function of dietary caloric density. In experiment 1 graded levels of corn oil from 5 to 25% of the diet were fed. Chicks gained as rapidly and utilized the dietary nitrogen as efficiently when 5% corn oil was fed as when higher levels were fed. As caloric density of the diet increased, chicks ate to meet their energy need and therefore cut back on feed (hence, protein) intake. Nonetheless, each increment of protein intake was used at the same efficiency. Body fat increased and body protein decreased with each incremental increase in dietary corn oil. In experiment 2 it was established that protein utilization remained constant over a wide range of protein intake (below the requirement for maximal protein retention), regardless of whether protein intake differences resulted from a change in caloric density of the diet or from a change in the dietary concentration of the complete amino acid mixture. Energy retention appeared to reach a maxima at a dietary concentration of 15% corn oil or 4.19 kcal. M.E./g.