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A comprehensive framework for human security

Historically, security has been considered as both a prerogative and a responsibility of states, but the evolution of threats, especially during the last decade, has considerably altered this understanding. Since the end of the Cold War, the world situation has become infinitely more complex. Even if the danger of a nuclear apocalypse is more remote, the life of millions is threatened by violent conflict, often within borders and with outside interferences, and with little concern for the victims. The 9/11 terrorist attack on the US also introduced a new dimension to insecurity, challenging our traditional approach and forcing us to seek a new understanding and consensus. Compounding these threats to security are menaces against the environment, increases in transmissible diseases, instability provoked by massive population displacement, and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. People, money, goods, ideas, and information move fast, across and within borders. No state can protect its citizens against these realities by strengthening traditional state control mechanisms alone. States and societies now depend much more than ever on the acts or omissions of other states and societies for their security and, sometimes, even for their survival. Against this background and under these premises, the independent Commission on Human Security was launched at the 2000 UN Millennium Summit. This short paper outlines some of the elements that were reviewed by the Commission, as well as its conclusions.