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Stimulation of growth of keratinocytes by basic fibroblast growth factor.

Numerous heparin-binding growth factors active in different types of cells have recently been shown to belong to the family of fibroblast growth factors. Because these factors are active in some types of epithelial cells, we tested the activity of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) from bovine brain in human keratinocyte cultures. bFGF stimulated thymidine incorporation and cellular proliferation in these cultures with half-maximal activity at approximately 60 pg/ml (4 X 10(-12) M). Stimulation of thymidine incorporation was associated with increased nuclear labeling after 22 h in the presence of bFGF under the same conditions used in the thymidine incorporation assay. bFGF was nearly as effective as epidermal growth factor (EGF) in stimulating keratinocyte growth and substantially less effective than crude placental extract, and was not additive with EGF in stimulating thymidine incorporation or proliferation of cells. The findings indicate that bFGF is a potent growth factor for keratinocytes.