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An Explanation of Cooper and Runyon's Results on the Mueller-Lyer Illusion

Evidence is presented that a solid line is overestimated as compared to an empty space. On this basis it is argued that Cooper and Runyon's data (1970) on the Mueller-Lyer illusion is confounded by a filled-space illusion and that their results do not lead to any conclusions about the Mueller-Lyer illusion per se.