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Tumor-suppressive effects of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in gastric cancer cells.

BACKGROUNDS/AIMS
It has been previously demonstrated that vitamin D acts as a prognostic indicator of gastric cancer and may be correlated with the incidence risk of gastric cancer. However, the effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on the apoptosis of human gastric cancer cells is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 induced the cellular apoptosis of BGC-823 gastric cancer cells and to determine the potential mechanism of action.


METHODOLOGY
We demonstrate that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 induced the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells via the processing of PARP and cleavage of caspase 3. Additionally, an increase in BAX expression and a decrease in ERK1/2 and AKT phosphorylation were associated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-induced apoptosis. The mRNA expression levels of VDR, CYP24A1, and p21 were increased significantly following 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 treatment.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 exerts tumor-suppressive effects on BGC-823 human gastric cancer cells.