{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.010159651669085631, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 5.413953488372093, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Alignment Between Versions of the Same Ontology

Ontological change constitutes a knowledge source on the similarity and difference between versions. The usual algorithms of ontology matching do not take this knowledge into account. An ontology is a logical theory consisting of a pair of signature and axioms. The persistent signature is the focus of alignment between versions. We reformulate the alignment problem between versions as a problem of choosing among the elements of the signature persistent those who can form an ontology signature isomorphism. To ensure alignment coherence, we introduce a constraint on alignment semantics which we call changed meaning conservation. This constraint allows extending the computed alignment with correspondences for the remaining elements in a coherent manner. Regardless of the change, our approach identifies the persistent signature and provides an initial alignment between the elements of the two persistent signatures. Then it calculates the difference between versions to form the ontological change. The constraint of changed meaning conservation helps us on one side to revise the initial alignment to form an ontology signature isomorphism and on the other side to adjust the eliminated correspondences in the revision step to form a coherent alignment. Finally, we discuss the prototype implementation of our approach.