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Effect of selenium on human prostate cell extracellular matrix

A form of Se with anti-cancer benefit, Se-methylselenocysteine, found in Se-enriched alliums including onions and garlic has greater anticancer activity compared with other forms of Se. Se-methylselenocysteine may alter the extracellular matrix through modulation of key proteins including members of the collagen family, and it has previously been shown that Se-methylselenocysteine can modulate the expression of several genes encoding different collagen subtypes. A method has been developed for immunofluorescence imaging of collagen type I and VI in the extracellular matrix of cultured prostate cells. Prostate cells (LNCaP clone FGC) were maintained in Dulbecco’s modified essential media with nutrient mix F12 (GIBCO1; Invitrogen Ltd, Paisley, UK), glutamine plus 10% (v/v) serum at 37 C and 5% CO2. The cells were grown on sterile coverslips for 3 d in the presence or absence of Se-methylselenocysteine and the expression of collagen subtypes was determined using immunofluorescence methods with a laser-scanning confocal microscope (Zeiss LSM450 META; Carl Zeiss MicroImaging GmbH, Jena, Germany). The different collagen subtypes were labelled with specific primary antibodies to collagen type I and type VI (Chemicon1; Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) and subsequently with secondary antibodies labelled with AlexaFluor 488 and 568 fluorophore dyes (Invitrogen Ltd) to study the expression of the two different types of collagen and the effect of Se on expression (Figure). By imaging collagen distribution in the extracellular matrix of cultured prostate cells following treatment with Se-methylselenocysteine or control an increase was observed in collagen type VI and a decrease in collagen type I in response to Se-methylselenocysteine relative to the control.