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A Novel GTP-binding Protein γ-Subunit, Gγ8, Is Expressed during Neurogenesis in the Olfactory and Vomeronasal Neuroepithelia (*)

A novel heterotrimeric G-protein γ-subunit has been cloned, and its function has been confirmed by expression and purification. This γ-subunit is only detected in the olfactory epithelium, the vomeronasal epithelium and, to a lesser extent, the olfactory bulb. It is absent from all other tissues studied including the nasal respiratory epithelium. During development, expression of Gγ8 in the olfactory epithelium parallels neurogenesis, peaking shortly after birth and declining in the adult. In situ hybridization studies localize expression of this novel γ-subunit to the sensory neurons; hybridization is strongest in the region of the epithelium that contains immature neurons. Unlike proteins that are expressed only in mature olfactory neurons (e.g. olfactory marker protein or Golfα), expression of Gγ8 in the olfactory epithelium is relatively unaffected by olfactory bulbectomy. In the vomeronasal epithelium expression of Gγ8 is also highest in the developing neurons. Taken together, these findings are consistent with a very specific role for Gγ8 in the development and turnover of olfactory and vomeronasal neurons.