{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.013481363996827915, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0015860428231562252, 'mean_word_length': 5.858695652173913, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Advances in Pulmonary Cytology American Society of Cytopathology 58 th Annual Meeting

Background Lung carcinoma is the leading cause of cancer mortality for both genders in the United States and throughout the world. Cytologic techniques are usually part of the initial work up of patients with suspected pulmonary malignancy and are commonly used for both diagnosis and staging. Opportunistic infections, specific inflammatory processes and some benign neoplasms may also be diagnosed cytologically and often mimic malignancy clinically. Advances in bronchoscopic techniques together with improved diagnostic methods have resulted in the ability to do more with progressively smaller specimens. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided FNA (EBUS) is a relatively new procedure that relies heavily on cytology to maximize diagnostic results. Cytologists play an important role in on-site assessment of specimen adequacy, sample triage and final diagnosis of the case including appropriate therapy-related molecular testing. Ensuring a cellular, adequate sample, and using a combination of cytomorphologic features and results of ancillary studies including immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry make a definitive, specific diagnosis possible in the majority of cases.