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Growth effects in oregano plants (Origanum vulgare L.) assessment through inoculation of bacteria isolated from crop fields located on desert soils.

The bacteria can establish beneficial interactions with plants acting as growth promoters and enhance stress tolerance during plant interactions. Likewise, bacteria are able to develop multi-species communities where multiple interactions are possible. In this work, we assessed the physiological effects of three bacteria isolated from an arid environment (Bacillus niacini, B. megaterium, and Moraxella osloensis) applied as single-species or as a consortium, on oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) plants. Moreover, we assessed the quorum-sensing (QS) signaling activity to determine the molecular communication between plant growth-promoting (PGP) bacteria. The plant inoculation with B. megaterium showed a positive effect on morphometric and physiologic parameters. However, no synergistic effects were determined when bacterial consortium were inoculated. Likewise, the QS signaling activation in biofilm assays was determined only for inter-species interaction inside the Bacillus genus, but not activation with either interaction with M. osloensis. These results suggest a neutral or antagonistic interaction for inter-specific bacterial biofilm establishment, as well as for the interaction with oregano plants when bacteria were inoculated in a consortium. In conclusion, we were able to determine that the bacterial interactions are not always positive or synergistic, but also might be neutral or antagonistic.