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Hematuria secondary to congenital arteriovenous fistula treated with embolization.

OBJECTIVE
To report a rare case of hematuria caused by an arteriovenous fistula which may be a urological emergency.


METHODS
We describe the medical history, physical examination, complementary tests performed and their results, as well as the treatment applied in an adolescent with hematuria.


RESULTS
Congenital arteriovenous fistula was diagnosed and treated by percutaneous embolization with immediate stop of hematuria.


CONCLUSION
Non-traumatic renal arteriovenous fistulae are rare, even more if they present with gross hematuria. We present a case of a life-threatening emergency caused by one of them the treatment of which was possible by embolization, avoiding surgery.