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High-Performance Ferroelectric Electromagnetic Attenuation Materials with Multiple Polar Units Based on Nanodomain Engineering.

The multirelaxation behavior is promising for high-performance dielectric materials based on polarization-controllable high-efficiency electromagnetic attenuation. However, a single polar unit is the main problem that restricts the development of dielectric materials in the field. Herein, by constructing multiple polar units based on nanodomain engineering, enhanced electromagnetic attenuation properties are achieved in La doping BiFeO3 ferroelectric ceramics. A dual-band attenuation with a maximum reflection loss of -43.4 dB together with a wide effective bandwidth (<-10 dB) of 3.3 GHz in X-band, is acquired in Bi0.85 La0.15 FeO3 which just has a thickness of 1.54 mm. A systematic experimental analysis coupled with potential well modeling suggests that the miniaturization of the ferroelectric domain, from micron to nanoscale, induces an additional interface polarization that is capable of responding to microwave frequency, leading to the formation of dual dielectric relaxation. The way that intrinsic polar unit induces another polar unit through size effect to obtain multiple contributions of electromagnetic loss provides a feasible and universal strategy to design high-performance electromagnetic attenuation materials based on the ferroelectric family.