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Resistance to sodium sulphate and sodium chloride attack of fly ash based geopolymer concrete

Among the hydraulic binders common in our modern world which remain the most used is Portland cement. Even though cement is a versatile construction material and is being used worldwide extensively, the green house gas (CO2) produced during its manufacturing process causes environmental impact. However concrete made out of geopolymer technology replaces cement completely in it and thereby reduces the said environmental deterioration. Geopolymers are formed by alkaline activation of an aluminosilicate material like fly ash, slag, metakaolin, rice husk ash etc. They are also known as alkali activated concrete. This paper presents the experimental investigation done on performance of fly ash based geopolymer concrete subjected to severe environmental conditions. The grade chosen for the investigation was M 25, the mix was designed for Molarity (M) of 10 M. The test specimens were 150x150x150 mm cubes heat-cured at 90°C in an oven for 24 hours. Durability of specimens in terms of chloride and sulphate attacks were assessed by immersing GPC specimens in 0.25 M NaCl, 0.5 M NaCl, 0.75 M NaCl, 4% Na2So4, 5% Na2So4 , 6% Na2So4 solutions separately and periodically monitoring surface deterioration, changes in weight and compressive strength over a period of 14, 28, 56 and 90 days. The test results indicate that the heat-cured fly ash-based geopolymer concrete has an excellent resistance to chloride and sulphate attack when compared to conventional concrete.