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Role of Lipoprotein Associated Phospholipase A2 in Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease

Introduction: Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) are a major cause of significant morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries, of which Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is the commonest. The diagnostic workup of CAD has improved over the years starting from conventional investigations like ECG to invasive procedures like coronary angiogram. Moving forward, numerous novel inflammatory biomarkers are coming up to diagnose CAD. Aim: To assess the role of Lipoprotein associated Phospholipase A2 (LpPLA2) as an independent predictor of CAD. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted in the Inpatient Department of Cardiology at Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, from September 2014 to November 2014. Participants without significant blockage in the coronary arteries and without detectable atheroma served as controls and those with detectable atheroma and significant blockage in coronary arteries served as cases. Peripheral blood samples of 80 male patients aged over 40 years undergoing Coronary Angiography were processed for LpPLA2 levels. Mean and Standard deviation were calculated for the parameters included in the study. All statistical analyses were performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 15.0. Results: Mean age of the participants in the controls group was 51.75±8.74 years and that of the cases group was 59.15±11.31 years. The mean LpPLA2 level in the cases was found to be higher than that in the controls and the difference was statistically significant (p-value <0.05). No correlation was noted between the age and BMI of both the groups with their respective LpPLA2 levels. Conclusion: The current study showed that LpPLA2 can be used as a potential independent predictor of CAD, thus minimising the usage of invasive investigations and favouring the psychosocial and economic welfare of the patients.