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Effects of chronic diseases on health-related quality of life and self-rated health among three adult age groups.

Little is known about whether there is any difference in associations of chronic diseases with health-related quality of life and self-rated health across age groups. The purpose of the present study was to examine the associations of one specific and multiple chronic diseases with health-related quality of life and self-rated health (measured using the 5-level EQ-5D version) in three age groups: young (21-44 years), middle-aged (45-64 years), and older adults (≥65 years). Secondary data analysis of 1932 participants in the Population Health Index Survey was performed. Linear regression results showed that different chronic diseases had a characteristic effect on health-related quality of life and self-rated health among different age groups. The presence of a single chronic disease was associated with lower health-related quality of life and self-rated health in young adults. Multi-morbidity was consistently associated with decreased health-related quality of life and self-rated health in all age groups. Our findings suggest that although young adults have a lower prevalence of chronic diseases, their impacts on health-related quality of life and self-rated health can be as significant as that in middle-aged and older adults.