{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.017543859649122806, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 4.950920245398773, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Mathematical Modeling of Argon Bubbling Effects on Fluid Flow Patterns of Liquid Steel in a Slab Mold

A multiphase model to simulate the experimental results of a full‐scale, water‐air model of two‐phase flows is reported here to study liquid steel–argon flows in slab molds. The objective of this work is to define an operating interval of gas load or gas volume fraction in the nozzle to maintain double roll flow patterns in the mold. A gas‐load threshold (upper boundary in this operating interval) exists where further increases of this operating variable do not change anymore the flow patterns of the liquid phase for a given liquid throughput. A correction factor is defined to scale‐up the flow dynamics of a single bubble in the liquid to a swarm of bubbles which helps to predict the existence of this gas‐load threshold. The mathematical simulations, using this multiphase model, predict very well the existence and applicability of this correction factor.