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Adsorption Equilibria of Rutin and Kaempferol-3-O-Rutinoside on CN-Bonded Silica from Supercritical Carbon Dioxide/Methanol

Rutin and K3R (kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside) in tartary
buckwheat are flavonol glycosides with high medical value. It is necessary
to separate them from tartary buckwheat before utilization because
of their different medical functions. However, they have very similar
molecular structures, causing troubles in thorough separation. The
adsorption equilibrium of rutin and K3R from supercritical CO2/methanol was investigated. The adsorption capacities were
measured by the elution at characteristic point method at 308.15,
313.15, and 318.15 K with 0.450–0.693 g/cm3 CO2/methanol on CN-bonded silica. The adsorption capacity of
rutin and K3R showed a decreasing trend with the increasing mobile
phase density and temperature. The capacity of rutin is larger than
that of K3R under the same conditions, indicating that rutin was an
easily adsorbed component. The data obtained from adsorption equilibria
were fitted by both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models, which
showed that the latter one performed better. This single-component
model can extend to binary component and describe the competitive
behavior well. Data and models obtained can be used to simulate adsorptive
separation processes so as to design and optimize the separation process
of rutin and K3R with supercritical fluid chromatography.