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NOTES ON DOBSONIA MOLUCCENSIS (CHIROPTERA) IN THE NEW GUINEA HIGHLANDS

Between January 1972 and January 1973 I was able to make occasional observations on the flying fox Dobsonia moluccensis in the Central and Eastern Highlands Districts of New Guinea. I observed the species to be abundant at altitudes to 2700 m. It lives as colonies in the twilight zone of many caves and feeds at night on a wide range of fruits. Vocalizations occur almost continuously in colonies but are not heard at night. The species appears to be a solitary forager but is easily detected by its very noisy flight. Although colonies I visited numbered only a few hundred individuals (of mixed age and sex) it is probable that larger colonies occur. I was only able to visit caves that were, and had been, fairly regularly used for hunting (Dwyer, 1974) and I suspect colonies at such places may well have been small relative to those in less disturbed or inaccessible situations. Thus, for example, Salisbury (1965) records a kill of 1600 flying foxes from the Mt. Erimbari area (Eastern Highlands District) and it is likely these came from one cave. In addition, on 27 July 1972 I counted more than 1000 D. moluccensis between 2.00 a.m. and 6.15 a.m. crossing a narrow pass at about 2700 m somewhat below the peak of Mt. Erimbari. My field of view was restricted by the terrain and I consider that there could have been as many as 3000 individuals. These animals were apparently returning from foraging to the east of Mt. Erimbari. Upon crossing the high pass they partially folded their wings and plunged almost vertically for about 300 m to reach the entrances of two caves in the sheer face of Mt. Erimbari, These caves were not accessible to me. Most of my data for D. moluccensis comes from two caves. One, locally known as Welakombago (Flying-fox Cave), was a limestone overhang beneath a waterfall at about 1650 m altitude on the Kwi River approximately 1 km above its junction with the Chimbu River.