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CELL-MEDIATED PLATELET RECOGNITION BY LEUKOCYTES FROM INDIVIDUALS WITH AUTOIMMUNE THROMBOCYTOPENIA AND ITS SUPPRESSION BY HUMAN AND ANIMAL TRANSFER FACTOR

Adults with autoimmune thrombocytopenia purpura (ATP) exhibit Leukocyte Migration Inhibition (LMI) when their buffy coat cells are incubated with either homologous intact platelets or their solubilized membranes, whereas leukocytes from normal individuals do not. Since Transfer Factor (TF) has been recently shown to exhibit antigen specific inhibition of cell-mediated immunity (CMI), as well as an antigen-specific induction of CMI, we tested TF in vitro in LMI assays involving leukocytes from individuals with ATP undergoing platelet stimulation. TF derived from former ATP patients in remission suppressed recognition of platelets by ATP leukocytes, whereas TF from normals or ATP patients not in remission did not. Since TF is not species restricted in activity we tested TF prepared from peripheral blood obtained from a rabbit and a calf immunized with human platelets. Rabbit TF treatment of immune cells resulted in a 16% increase in the Migration Index in the LMI assay, representing a significant abrogation of platelet recognition. Calf TF suppressor activity was not present in material obtained from preimmunization leukocytes. It appeared 1-2 months after immunization and persisted until the calf was reimmunized on day 110, whereupon suppressor activity was lost for a month and reappeared 1-2 months later.