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Effects of Static Lateral Tilt on Optokinetic Nystagmus, After-Nystagmus and Eye-Tracking in Humans

The influences of otolith input on both horizontal OKN and subsequent OKAN were examined with the use of a large-field optokinetic stimulation with constant acceleration combined with a static change of position using a tilting-bed. Eight subjects faced a f 1.5m dome-screen at a distance of 1.15m, and were tilted on their sides from an upright position to 45 and 90°. OK stimuli (4°/s2uniform, for 0 to 80°/sover 20s, or to 160°/s) were projected onto the screen 4times at each tilt position. The stimulus profile was followed immediately by 60s of darkness for OKAN recording. Pursuit tracking was examined by means of a spot oscillation in a 20° sinusoidal wave at frequencies between 0.2 and 1.0Hz. The amplitude gains were almost equal in the 5 positions. On the other hand, the slow phase optokinetic break-off point was highest in the upright position and was decreased in all the other tilt positions. Both the OKAN duration and the time-constant of its slow phase decay decreased with tilt. We conclude that otolith inputs influence OKN generation, and affect retinal nystagmus to a much greater extent than foveal nystagmus.