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Simple Method for Improving the Sensitivity of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy: A Simulation and Phantom Study

A novel method for canceling the skin blood flow in functional near-infrared spectroscopy is proposed to improve the accuracy of measurement of oxygen consumption in brain tissue. We use two approaches for applying cancellation signals. The sharing aperture approach uses cancellation signals detected at apertures for irradiating light, and the additional aperture approach uses the cancellation signals detected at the midpoint between the irradiation and detection apertures in the conventional measurement. We apply these methods using an equilateral-triangular probe arrangement. The cancellation signals for the additional aperture approach are detected at the triangle's center and this configuration reduces the number of probes. The characteristics of the cancellation signals are examined by simulation analysis and experiments with a phantom. The effect of the present approach is confirmed with a simple phantom study.