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Problems of the newborn. Respiratory and cardiac emergencies.

Failure of respiration and failure of the circulation are the only situations which can be said to be true neonatal emergencies in the sense that action must be taken in a matter of seconds if life is to be saved. Both may occur in birth asphyxia, a subject already discussed by Professor J. Davies (16 October, p. 164). Nonetheless, in the newborn baby several situations arise in which rapid and appropriate action can save life or prevent serious illness. In the next three articles in this series some of these situations will be discussed, orientated mainly towards problems in the term, rather than the preterm, infant.