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A review on energy management, operation control and application methods for grid battery energy storage systems

Energy storage is the key means to improving the flexibility, economy and security of the power system. It is also important in promoting new energy consumption and energy Internet. Therefore, energy storage expected to support distributed power and micro-grid, promote open sharing and flexible trading of energy production and consumption, and realize multi-functional coordination. In recent years, with the rapid development of the battery energy storage industry, its technology has shown the characteristics and trends for large-scale integration and distributed applications with multi-objective collaboration. As a grid-level application, energy management systems (EMS) of battery energy storage system (BESS) were deployed at utility control centers as an important component of power grid management in real-time. Based on the analysis of the development status of BESS, this paper introduced its application scenarios such as reduction of power output fluctuations, accordance to the output plan at renewable energy generation side, power grid frequency adjustment, power flow optimization at power transmission side, and distributed and mobile energy storage system at power distribution side. The studies and application status of BESS in recent years were reviewed. The energy management, operation control methods, and application scenes of large-scale BESS were also prospected in the study.