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[Incidence of somatic mutations of the lymphocytes in subjects working in an environment with cancer risk].

A total of 417 individuals were examined by the Strauss-Albertini method, which is useful to detect the lack of hypoxanthin-guanine-phosphoribosil-transferase (HPRT) located on the X-chromosome. The damage of this locus leads to the loss of the sensitivity of the T-lymphocytes to 6-thioguanine (TG) therefore in the presence of this antimetabolite (TG) the cells will respond to the lectin's (phytohaemagglitinine: PHA) growth stimulatory effect. This defect in the cells can cause mutation, making the cells to be resistant against TG-treatment and during their blastogenesis they will be able to incorporate 3 (H)-thymidine. The number of these labeled cells will give the frequency of the mutant (TG-resistant) cells. The results showed a significant elevation in the number of TG-resistant lymphocytes among uranium miners and among industrial workers exposed to different mutagenic or carcinogenic chemicals when compared to the negative controls. The mutation frequency was elevated also among primary lung cancer patients (positive controls) up to the level measured among industrial workers.