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La2O3 nanoparticles: synthesis and application for removal of arsenite and phosphate from water

In this study, La2O3 nanoparticles were manufactured utilizing a sol–gel combustion process with gelatin as a template, and they were used to remove phosphate and arsenite. X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray elemental mapping, transmission electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the materials. The morphology of La2O3 was discovered to be extensively scattered, with nanoparticles measuring 10–20 nm. In aqueous solutions, the produced La2O3 nanoparticles show good phosphate or arsenite adsorption capacity. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model is used to explain the adsorption of arsenite and phosphate on La2O3. Based on the Langmuir isotherm model, the phosphorus and arsenite adsorption capacities were 289.9 and 89.1 mg g–1, respectively, the highest among those reported. Interestingly, the uptake of arsenite and phosphate followed a similar pattern which peaked at pH 7.1 at 25°C. Even after eighth cycles, the La2O3 nanoparticles show good adsorption with just a minor decrease of adsorption capacity (9.0% and 9.5% for arsenite and phosphate, respectively), showing that La2O3 is a promising material for aquatic treatment.