{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.028177833437695678, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0012523481527864746, 'mean_word_length': 5.2421875, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 3, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Needed Concepts in the Study of Gender Identity

On the 18th-century frontiers of the Virginia highland, weary travelers were fortunate to arrive by nightfall at a log cabin called a “necessary.” The “necessary” provided the bare essentials of shelter, food and drink, enabling them to continue the journey on the next day into the wilderness. The concepts I shall discuss are needed in psychology’s “necessary” to enable the difficult journey toward understanding the psychology of being woman in a social context. Today’s psychology is more like a luxury hotel, offering the traveler a superabundance of conceptual tools. I would perform no service by adding new concepts to the bewildering array that already includes gender identity, sex identity, sex roles and sex role identities, masculinity, femininity, sex-reversed identity, androgyny (high and “undifferentiated”), etc. The plethora of concepts is complicated by the several definitions given to each by different authors. “Gender identity” means different things to different people. Some broad definitions encompass everything it means to feel, think and act like a woman or man. More specific definitions are modeled on social stereotypes of masculinity or femininity and on androgyny. Other normative definitions require acceptance of one’s biological sexuality, hence presumably of certain social meanings attached to it. Our concepts should be capable of handling such evaluative issues, but they should not be evaluative concepts. Therefore, I will start naively with the first needed concept, and ask what gender is. Gender is a