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Regulation of cytochrome P4501A metabolism by glutathione.

Gene expression of cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) in the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss is dependent on aromatic hydrocarbon receptor signal transduction, and is markedly sensitive to tissue thiol status. Tissue glutathione (GSH) status was manipulated by exogenous GSH, L-buthionine-[S,R]-sulfoximine (BSO), lipoate or 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU). Tissue GSH contents were significantly elevated in GSH- and lipoate-supplemented trout. Hepatic, renal and plasma GSH levels were markedly arrested in BSO-treated trout. Oxidized glutathione (oxidized GSH) levels were significantly elevated in the BCNU-supplemented group. Both BCNU treatment and BSO-induced GSH deficiency increased steady-state levels of hepatic CYPIA mRNA. Additional exposure to 0.1 mg/kg 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl marginally suppressed the tetrachlorobiphenyl-dependent CYP1A induction in BSO-treated livers compared with the respective thiol treatment groups. Tetrachlorobiphenyl exposures altered efficiencies of thiol treatments and increased oxidized GSH content in all but the BSO-treated groups. However, exposure to 5 mg/kg tetrachlorobiphenyl altered effects of thiol treatments on CYP1A mRNA to a small extent, but catalytic activity of CYP1A was many times suppressed in BSO-treated and lipoate-supplemented fish. These results suggest that thiol status interferes with CYPIA metabolism in a two-way mode of action and provide further evidence for a cross-talk between cytochrome P4501A and glutathione.