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Inhibition of Telomerase Activity in Cancer Cells using Short Hairpin RNA Expression Vectors

Telomerase activity is mainly regulated by the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene. Our objective was to investigate the effect of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) directed against hTERT mRNA on telomerase activity in laryngeal cancer cells (Hep-2), nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (NEC), and human bone marrow mesenchyme stem cells (hMSCs). Short hairpin RNA expression vectors targeting the messenger RNA of hTERT were constructed. Cells were treated with shRNA expression vectors directed against hTERT mRNA and control vectors that included mismatched shRNA. We found that treatment of special shRNA expression vectors induced significantly decrease in hTERT expression, telomerase activity, and cell viability in Hep-2 and NEC cells. In contrast, the shRNA control showed none of these effects. And none of these effects appeared in hMSCs cells. Our results suggest that shRNA against hTERT mRNA inhibits telomerase activity and cell viability through suppression of the hTERT expression in cancer cells. And this treatment has no side effect on healthy cells lack of telomerase activity. RNA interfering technology may be a promising strategy for the treatment of cancers.