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Uses of Magnetron Discharge to Assess the Vacuum Level of Vacuum Interrupter

The unique selling propositions for a vacuum interrupter (VI) are its compactness, negligible maintenance and a high degree of reliability. The on-site reliability of a VI primarily depends on its vacuum level in addition to the breaker and site conditions. The vacuum level i.e. the pressure inside the VI should be below a certain threshold during commissioning and also during its entire service life. As the VI is a sealed-off device, direct measurement of the pressure is not possible. Hence an inferential method called as inverted magnetron is employed for this purpose. This method measures the ion current through the interrupter on the application of a high voltage across the open gap and a magnetic field. This ion current in turn is correlated to the pressure inside the VI. While the magnitude of the ion current gives the pressure at the particular instant, the nature of the waveform throws light on kind of gases present inside the VI. This information could help us predict the mid to long term performance of the vacuum interrupter. The paper highlights this very aspect of the inverted magnetron measurement which could be used to assess the long term reliability of the vacuum interrupters.