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Prevalence of Hypothyroidism and Its Association with Diabetes Mellitus in Patients of an Ambulatory Clinic.

Hypothyroidism is the most common thyroid disorder in the adult population.
Studies have found a higher prevalence of overt hypothyroidism in type
2 diabetic population than in the general population, but the relationship
between subclinical hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus 2 is still controversial.
The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence rate of hypothyroidism in
the adult population receiving services in an ambulatory clinic and to determine
if there is an association between hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus.
From the database of all adult patients who attended the outpatient clinic at
Family Medicine Center Policlínica Bella Vista in Mayagüez, P.R. during
2014, a random sample of 200 subjects was obtained and the medical records
were reviewed. The prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus in this group was 22%
and the prevalence rate of hypothyroidism was 17%. The prevalence rate
of hypothyroidism in diabetic patients was 10/44 (22.7%). The prevalence
rate of hypothyroidism in non-diabetic patients was 24/156 (15.4%). The prevalence
ratio was 1.48 (95% CI: 0.77, 2.85; X2 = 1.31, p = 0.25). The results
of this cross-sectional study showed a non-statistically significant tendency
for a higher prevalence of hypothyroidism in diabetic patients, which suggest
that screening for hypothyroidism among patients with diabetes should
be considered. More studies with more patients are necessary to investigate the
association between thyroid dysfunction and diabetic patients.