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Ethanol to 1,3‐Butadiene Conversion by using ZrZn‐Containing MgO/SiO2 Systems Prepared by Co‐precipitation and Effect of Catalyst Acidity Modification

The conversion of ethanol to 1,3‐butadiene (1,3‐BD) has been investigated over ZrO2‐ and ZnO‐containing magnesia silica oxides prepared by a co‐precipitation method at different Mg‐to‐Si molar ratios. The effect of reaction temperature and ethanol flow rate was investigated. The catalyst acidity was modified through the addition of alkali metals (Na, K and Li) to the final materials. Catalysts were characterised by nitrogen physisorption analysis, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X‐ray, temperature‐programmed desorption of ammonia, infrared spectroscopy and 29Si/(7Li) NMR spectroscopy. The catalytic results showed that the controlled reduction of catalyst acidity allows ethanol dehydration to be suppressed, whilst increasing 1,3‐BD selectivity. The best catalytic performance achieved 72 mol % for the combined 1,3‐BD and acetaldehyde selectivity.