{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.0273972602739726, 'fraction_numerical': 0.045310853530031614, 'mean_word_length': 4.9748427672955975, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
100 years since the 1918 influenza pandemic

This year marks 100 years since the 1918 influenza pandemic. Historians think that this pandemic started in Kansas in early 1918. By winter 1919, the virus had infected one-third of the global population and killed at least 50 million people (»5% of the world’s population). Three more influenza pandemics have struck since, in 1957, 1968 and 2009, spreading widely but not with as deadly an impact. Many studies on influenza have been performed in recent decades, and thus we have decided to publish a centenary issue in Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics. The issue contains 16 Review articles, 14 Research papers, 4 Commentaries and 2 Short Reports on different aspects of influenza virology, vaccines, vaccination strategy, and therapy. Many world-class experts have contributed to present the main findings on the vaccine and this infectious disease, for which a universal vaccine is still elusive.