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Reinforced Concrete Durability in Response to Aggregate Proportioning

In tropical marine environments, concrete structure durability is affected by atmospheric chlorides, and changes in temperature and relative humidity. These factors lead to corrosion of steel reinforcement and diminished structure use life. Refining aggregate proportioning is a viable alternative for controlling corrosion and improving structure performance in aggressive environments. A comparison in terms of durability was made between aggregate proportioning in the American Concrete Institute (ACI) and O’Reilly concrete design systems. Prismatic concrete test specimens were made using one of the systems and either a 0.45 or 0.65 water to cement (w/c) ratio. All specimens contained six carbon steel reinforcement bars at three different depths (1.5, 2 and 3 cm). They were exposed to a tropical marine environment for 24 months. Electrochemical behavior of the reinforcement was evaluated using the linear polarization resistance technique, corrosion potential and electrical resistance. Specimens made with the O’Reilly method and a w/c = 0.65 had higher electrochemical activity values than those made with the ACI method and the same w/c. However, both were still in the passivation stage. Specimens made with a w/c = 0.45, for either method, did not differ in their behavior. Use of a cumulative data analysis allowed identification of small and incipient differences that revealed the influence of concrete cover, surface orientation and aggregate proportioning method on the durability of reinforced concrete in this climate.