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On the Modeling of Near-Field Scattering of Vehicles in Vehicle-to-X Wireless Channels Based on Scattering Centers

Efficient and reliable vehicle-to-X (V2X) wireless communication requires a deep understanding of the associated propagation channels. However, V2X channels are complicated due to the complex traffic phenomena, and thus extensive propagation studies are required to characterize these channels. This paper considers the effects of vehicle scattering on V2X channels. Most existing techniques that address vehicle scattering are imperfect, due to deficiencies in their computational accuracy and efficiency. In this paper, the tradeoff between computational accuracy and efficiency is addressed by proposing an analytical model based on the concept of scattering centers (SCs). The model can efficiently predict near-field bi-static scattering of vehicles with good accuracy. Also, to make the model widely acceptable, a general methodology of extracting SCs is carefully derived. Then, three standard vehicles (car, van, and truck) are employed for evaluating the performance of the model. The results indicate that the model is useful for reconstructing vehicle scattering in V2X channels.