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French Translations of Jane Austen

In her essay, "Jane Austen and the serious modern novel," Kathryn 
Sutherland discusses some of the "specific features that mark 
Austen's contribution to the novel as a serious modern literary 
form." According to Sutherland, Austen's greatest achievement is 
the ―narrative method inflected by the personal subjectivity of a 
self-conversing heroine‖ most evident in Persuasion, Austen‘s 
posthumously published "late" novel, which appeared in 1818, 
bound with Northanger Abbey in "two-decker" format (Sutherland 
253). In a similar vein, Valerie Shaw observes that Austen makes 
one of her "subdued" heroines, Anne Elliot, "live more in a 
consciousness of life's felt complexities than in rationalistic 
formulations about life." The narrative discourse in Persuasion 
certainly evinces a predilection for the representation of the 
heroine's perceptions, thoughts and feelings; in short, her 
consciousness is the novel's "experiencing centre," which is 
conveyed by a narrative technique discernible beyond the sentence 
level, known as free indirect discourse (FID). FID is a complex 
modality because of its heterogeneity; it produces "dual-voiced 
effects" in narrative through its hybridity. This term owes much to 
Bakhtin's concept of "double-voiced speech" (or type three 
discourses). Double-voiced speech is characterised by two (or more) 
utterances: "one overt and manifest, the other covert and implicit 
in the surface utterance."