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Synthesis of Complex Organic Molecules During an Impact

Introduction: Organic molecules can be produced by various natural processes and can be found in inter-stellar clouds, meteorites, comets, planets, etc. There is a large number of works showing the possibility of synthesis of complex organic molecules at reduced conditions under the action of various energy sources. The transfer of organic molecules from one space object to another is not so easy since the counteraction of space bodies usually occur at high velocities with release of large energies, which result in destructive for organics high temperatures. An impact of a meteorite into the Earth is generally considered as destructive process for organics because of the action of two factors: 1) high temperatures of vaporization at impact velocities over 10 km/s, and 2) oxidizing conditions of the environment, which are unfavorable for production of organic molecules. Earlier we reported about rather efficient synthesis of volatile organic molecules during simulated impact-induced vaporization of silicates in atmosphere of He and H 2 [1]. The formation of non-volatile organic components in such processes was indicated by the abundance of carbon in CC and C-H bonding during investigation of the forming conden-sates by methods of X-ray-photoelectron-spectroscopy (XPS) [2]. The aim of the present work was to investigate experimentally the possibility of synthesis of complex organic molecules from initially inorganic carbon and hydrogen at oxidizing conditions during simulated impact-induced vaporization of silicates. Experimental procedure: Our experiments were performed using standard laser pulse (LP) technique [3]. Special precautions were made to decrease the background level of organic pollution and to avoid contamination during experimental processing. A sample was placed into a hermetic stainless still cell with a special glass tube and plates, which formed internal glass compartment. The internal wall of the tube was covered by cylindrical Cu foil for collection of condensed products of simulated impact related va-porization of the sample. The cell was filled by air at room temperature and pressure. Organic products were extracted from the foil by n-hexane and were concentrated for analysis. Chromatographic analyses were done using gas-fluid chromatograph Perkin-Elmer F-22 with capillary column CP-Wax 58 CB 25 m× 0.25 µm J.D.×0.2µm. The column temperature was programmed from 60 to 240ºC with 30 min at 240ºC. A set of control analysis was done including check of