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Finite element analysis of the lateral capacity of cold-formed steel shear walls after fire exposure

Cold-formed-steel construction frequently relies on strap-braced, cold-formed-steel framed walls as the lateral-force resisting system. While the behavior of these walls has been studied during fire and under lateral loading separately, the influence of multi-hazard interactions and particularly the effect of fire remains poorly understood. This paper presents a simulation procedure to analyze the thermal and structural response of cold-formed-steel walls when subjected sequentially to fire and lateral load, which is validated against full-scale experiments. The results indicate that the numerical model can capture the post-fire response of cold-formed steel walls, including lateral strength, stiffness, and ductile failure. The lateral behavior of the walls was found to depend primarily on the maximum temperature reached in the cold-formed steel members, and their resulting residual material properties. Then, the validated simulation procedure was used to estimate the residual lateral performance of a strap-braced wall after exposure to various high temperatures. For the residual strength of the cold-formed steel material, data collected from the literature was combined with new test data from the authors to study the effect of variability in material post-. The outcomes of this research will help engineers to determine the post-fire performance of a wall as a function of the severity of the fire event.