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Numerical analysis of piezoelectric probe for beam forming of longitudinal and shear waves

In this study, we propose and evaluate an ultrasonic probe for the beam forming of longitudinal and shear waves by the two-dimensional finite element method. Ultrasonic probes for longitudinal and shear waves are used in industrial fields for nondestructive testing. Among the ultrasonic probes, array probes can undertake a range of inspections from a single location, and so are more flexible than single-element probes. Most types of array can be used to produce images at each test location. This allows rapid visualization of the internal structure of a component. In order to restrain artifacts for an ultrasonic array flaw-detecting method, we propose an array probe with three degrees of freedom. Operations of the probe were verified using the two-dimensional finite element method. In the case of transmission, we found that secondarily generated beams that might be artifacts were restrained by controlling the vibration direction of the proposed probes; for reception, an array of proposed probes could obtain the direction of particle displacement. Thus, the results suggest that an array of the proposed probes can distinguish longitudinal from shear waves.