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Trends in Attitudinal and Structural Development of Nigerian Civil Service

FOR A study of the present-day Nigerian Civil Service to be meaningful, it is essential to understand the historical roots of the colonial civil service in Nigeria. This is because the nature of the colonial administration has to a great extent influenced the structure, modus operandi, training and motivations of the post-independent civil service in Nigeria. In looking at the nature of colonial administration, account should be taken of its environment, the organisational character of the civil service, the values shared by the personnel and some related events in the development of the administrative machinery. The period of colonial administration in Nigeria can be sub-divided into brief periods each indicating the social, political or economic character of the time. The first of such was a period devoted in large part to the widening of imperial outpost through 'pacification' or military expeditions, 1886 to 1910. Betwee~ 1910 and 1925, attention was devoted to establishment of administrative machinery for the country. With the setting up of the civil service, economic development; which was to follow, was seriously disrupted by the depression of the thirties and World War II. The period between 1946 and 1950 was marked by the crescendo of awakened nationalism, the realisation of the forces of democratic principles and the desire of Nigerians to be free to order their lives according to their likings. The next decade was marked by increased participation by Nigerians in the colonial administration and, finally, there was a period of transitional administration which culminated in the independence of the country in 1960. In order to treat concisely events touching mainly on the attitudinal and structural development of the civil service during the entire period, it will be useful to group the first three sub-periods under one long period, i.e., 18861945. This is because this article intends to concentrate on the development of the civil service without treating in detail the military aspect of the administration, the economic depression of the thirties, arid World War II. However, where necessary, the effects which the characteristics of each sub· period had on the development of the civil service will be pointed out.