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Examination of the Moderating Role of Household Income in the Association Between Cognitive Social Capital and Subjective Well-Being Among Rural Older Adults in Northeast China

The present study explored the moderating effects of household income on the relationship between cognitive social capital and subjective well-being in rural community-dwelling older adults in China. The data were derived from a rural community survey conducted in Liaoyuan City in China’s Jilin Province in 2019. The analytic model featured 458 respondents who completed the survey. We used multiple group analyses to test the hypotheses. A latent construct of cognitive social capital was built using social trust and reciprocity indicators. The results showed that household income had a significant moderating effect on the association between cognitive social capital and life satisfaction, but not on the relationship between cognitive social capital and depressive symptoms. Thus, household income and cognitive social capital should be used to assess subjective well-being in older populations. Older adults with low household income deserve particular attention in the design of future social capital policies and programs.