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Humidification of Anesthetic Gases for Children

Sixteen children were placed on a Jackson Rees system during anesthesia for routine surgical procedures. Eight breathed unhumidified anesthetic gases directly from the anesthesia machine and the other 8 breathed gases humidified by a high-output humidifier to a 97 percent relative humidity at room temperature (22 to 26°C.). Significant morphologic changes in the tracheobronchial epithelia were found only in those patients breathing unhumidified gases. Variations in the humidity of gases reaching the T-piece of the Rees system are discussed.