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Future mobility-enhanced society enabled by semiconductor technology

The automotive industry is in the midst of a once-in-a-century transformation. The industry began adopting semiconductors in the 1960s, starting with rectifier diodes for alternators. Then, the spread of electronically controlled engines that supported emission control in the 1970s triggered wide-scale installation of semiconductor devices (Figure 1.3.1). The automotive semiconductor market has grown rapidly since the 1980s [1]. Further growth is expected as electrification, autonomous vehicles, and connected vehicles develop (Figure 1.3.2). In the past, when semiconductors were introduced into automobiles, the purpose was to improve performance by replacing conventional mechanical controls with electronic ones; it is important to note that no changes were made to the major components. But, for the projected disruptive transformation (already underway), dramatic changes to all major automobile components and related concepts are expected. Electrification (replacing the internal combustion engine (ICE) with an electric motor), automated driving (replacing the human driver with artificial intelligence (AI)), and connected vehicles (replacing independent automobiles with ones that are incorporated into society) will play important roles in this transformation as the automobile evolves in a major way.