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High-throughput single-molecule DNA screening based on electrophoresis

In disease diagnosis, DNA and proteins are distinguished based on charge and hydrodynamic radius. Many protein assays and DNA assays relevant to cancer diagnosis are based on electrophoresis. However, standard protocols are not only slow but also insensitive. We successfully demonstrated a high-throughput imaging approach that allows determination of the individual electrophoretic mobilities of many molecules at a time. Each measurement on ly requires a few ms to compete. This opens up the possibility of screening single copies of DNA or proteins within single biological cells for disease markers without performing polymerase chain reaction or other biological amplification.