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Granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor activity in cerebrospinal fluid

Objectives ‐ The purpose of this study was to analyse the presence of the granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) in human cerebrospinal fluid (SF) of patients affected by multiple sclerosis (MS) in comparison with non‐inflammatory neurological diseases. Material and methods ‐ All SFs were collected from 59 patients for diagnostic purpose. The presence of GM‐CSF was revealed by measuring its activity and by immunoassay. The data obtained were statistically evaluated. Results ‐ We found that GM‐CSF is constitutively present in human SF; this presence was confirmed by its stimulating activity of colony‐forming‐unit granulocyte‐macrophage (CFU‐GM) production. No significant changes of the GM‐CSF concentration in the SFs were observed among different neurological disorders (degenerative or vascular) and MS. Conclusion ‐ Our data suggest that GM‐CSF is a constitutive component of human SF, relatively uninfluenced by the different morbid conditions of the nervous system.