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Abstract 474: Effects of Race on Endothelial Function in Type 2 Diabetes


 Background:
 Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) have abnormal endothelial function. Healthy African Americans (AA) appear to have impaired nitric oxide-mediated vascular responses compared to Caucasians Americans (CA). Whether race-specific differences in endothelial function exist in patients with DM2 has not been investigated. We tested the hypothesis that in patients with DM2 endothelium-dependent dilation is lower in AA compared to CA.
 
 
 Methods:
 Retrospective analysis of data collected in a study that investigated vascular function in patients with DM2. Forearm blood flow (FBF) responses were measured by strain-gauge plethysmography during the intra-arterial infusion of acetylcholine (ACh), sodium nitroprusside (SNP), and the endothelin type A receptor blocker BQ-123 in AA and CA patients with DM2.
 
 
 Results:
 34 patients took part in the study. One patient was excluded from the analyses because of incomplete data set. Their baseline characteristics are reported in the table. Infusion of ACh, SNP, and BQ-123 induced a significant increase in FBF from baseline (p<0.01 for all) in both AA and CA. When compared between groups, the response to ACh was significantly lower in AA (p = 0.022 by 2-way ANOVA). However, no differences were noted in the responses to SNP and BQ-123 between AA and CA (p=0.699 and p=0.118, respectively, by 2-way ANOVA).
 
 
 Conclusions:
 African American patients with DM2 have lower endothelial reactivity to ACh compared with CA. Our findings suggest that the detrimental vascular effects of type 2 diabetes on vascular reactivity are additive to the already impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation observed in healthy AA.
 
 
 
