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Clinical profile of patients with delirium who presented to the department of psychiatry of a tertiary care teaching hospital

Background: Delirium is characterized by decline in cognitive performance and is associated with various medical and psychiatric comorbidities. Each of these may be further associated with deranged clinical investigations. Objectives: To determine the clinical profile of delirium in patients referred to the department of psychiatry in a tertiary care hospital from October 2019 to October 2020. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study which was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital among 48 in-patients who satisfied the criteria for delirium as per ICD-10, over a period of 1 year after obtaining clearance from the institutional ethics committee. A specialized pro forma was used to record demographic, medical, psychiatric, and other relevant clinical data. Results: The mean age of all participants was found to be 56.73 years ± 17.2 years. Among 48 patients with delirium, 45 had hepatic risk factors and 34 patients had multiple risk factors. Results of electrolytes between patients with and without encephalopathy were found to be statistically significant for sodium and chloride. Conclusions: Delirium continues to be a clinical diagnosis without any specific laboratory parameters and hence it becomes quite difficult to predict its onset and poses a threat for its management. Therefore, the awareness of such risk factors that increase the risk for developing delirium will lead to a better understanding of this complex syndrome which is crucial for its prevention and management.