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New Data on Human Cytokine Changes with Age

Changes in cytokine activity with age are well known. Some cytokines have been reported to increase with age, others have been reported to decrease while still others may not change at all. T lymphocyte activity has been reported to decrease with age consistent with findings that the elderly are more susceptible to infection and neoplasias than are younger subjects. Most of these cytokine changes were observed in stimulated activity in various hematological system function over limited age ranges. We measured the cytokines IL‐1á, IL‐1 â, L‐1ra, IL‐1 RII, IL‐2, IL‐2R, IL‐6, L‐10, IL‐18, TNF‐á, IFN‐â and IFN‐ã at progressive age intervals beginning at age <30y and extending at 10 year intervals to age >70y by use of a sensitive 96 plate spectrophotometric ELISA technique in four stable biological fluids ‐ plasma, urine, saliva and nasal mucus. Measurements were made in 79 subjects with hyposmia (loss of smell) but who were otherwise in good health. Results indicated that levels of their cytokines varied differentially with age in complex patterns both within and between each biological fluid studied. These results are the first to compare cytokine levels with age in these four biological fluids over an extended age range and indicate significant differences from results previously published in levels of cytokines measured over limited age ranges in various hematological systems.