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Linear nanostructure formation of aldehydes by self-directed growth on hydrogen-terminated silicon(100).

The self-directed growth of organic molecules on silicon surfaces allows for the rapid, parallel production of hybrid organic-silicon nanostructures. In this work, the formation of benzaldehyde- and acetaldehyde-derived nanostructures on hydrogen-terminated H-Si(100)-2x1 surface is studied by scanning tunneling microscopy in ultrahigh vacuum and by quantum mechanical methods. The reaction is a radical-mediated process that binds the aldehydes, through a strong Si-O covalent bond, to the surface. The aldehyde nanostructures are generally composed of double lines of molecules. Two mechanisms that lead to double line growth are elucidated.