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Efficient 2-D DOA and frequency estimation for L-shaped array via RD-PM

ABSTRACT This paper addresses the issue of joint two-dimensional direction of arrival (2-D DOA) and frequency estimation via reduced-dimensional propagator method (RD-PM) with L-shaped array. The proposed algorithm has no need for eigenvalue decomposition of the sample covariance matrix and simplifies three-dimensional global spectral search within the three-dimensional propagator method (3-D PM) to one-dimensional local search, which greatly reduces computational complexity. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can work under both uniform and non-uniform L-shaped array and can achieve paired 2-D DOA and frequency estimates automatically. In addition, the 2-D DOA and frequency estimation performance for the proposed method is approximate 3-D PM algorithm and parallel factor (PARAFAC) method but exceeds the estimating signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques (ESPRIT) algorithm and improved PM algorithm. The detailed derivation of Cram´er-Rao bound (CRB) is provided and the simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed approach.