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Fundamental design analysis of small implantable dipole antennas

Implantable devices for wireless biotelemetry applications in the Medical Implant Communication Service (MICS) band ask for miniature, low-profile, broadband and insensitive to environmental changes antennas. Fundamental design techniques, if applied properly, can lead to optimum results. In this work, we discuss the appropriate approach for designing extremely small planar dipole antennas. As demonstrated, modifications on antenna structure driven by current vector alignment and conductor coupling factors affect antenna effective dimensions. Also, metallization proves to offer greater antenna performance compared to impedance matching with lumped elements. Finally, the quality factor of two small dipole antennas is evaluated.