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[Changes in intraocular pressure during anesthesia with intratracheal intubation or laryngeal mask].

OBJECTIVE
To compare the effects of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA), and the tracheal tube (TT) insertion on intra-ocular pressure (IOP) in eye surgery.


STUDY DESIGN
Prospective non-randomized study.


PATIENTS
Eighty patients scheduled for eye surgery under general anaesthesia were allocated into either a LMA group (n = 37) or a TT group (n = 43).


METHODS
After induction of anaesthesia with propofol, vecuronium and phenoperidine, either a TT or a LMA were inserted. IOP, heart rate (HP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured before (TO) and after induction (T1), after TT or LMA insertion (20 s:T2, 6 min:T3), and before extubation (T4).


RESULTS
The HR, MAP and IOP increased significantly at T2 (compared to T1 but not to T0) in the TT group, for a short time, whereas no significant changes occurred in the LMA group.


CONCLUSION
LMA insertion does not elicit significant haemodynamic or IOP changes. Conversely, the TT increases HR, MAP and IOP. These changes can be deleterious in case of emergency surgery for perforating eye injuries. The LMA can be recommended as an alternative to TT in eye surgery, provided security rules are followed, because of the risk of displacement of LMA during surgery.