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Presidential Science Advisory Apparatus

Any serious discussion of the U.S. Presidential science advisory apparatus should consider in some depth what science and scientists can bring to the public policy machinery and do this in relation to the reach of government and public expectations for the office of the president. To do less fails to reveal the perspective for scientific advisors and runs the risk of overlooking the political complexities of the corporate office of the federal government. The role played by scientists in behalf of government has been an evolutionary one. True enough, science lor more properly, technology) was mobilized in the national interest beginning near the time of the birth of the United States. Coast and geodetic surveys, laying out of roads, and surveying of land were early and important examples. Perhaps the most important role remains the close amalgam between science and the agricultural enterprise. However, the approximation between scientists and government as a political agent emerged later in history. These linkages were forged prominently or renewed and strengthened in terms of large, national enterprises, such as wars, in which the electorate was more or less galvanized toward an agreed-upon common goal. The National Academy of Sciences (NASI was chartered by the U.S. Congress and formed in 1863, expressly to