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Experiencing European integration: transnational lives and European identity

varying and conflicting positions of countries within the EU and the political game between countries to shift the burden of the refugees. Another theme that would have deserved more attention is the one of crises that runs throughout the book (crises of borders, humanitarian crises, conceptual crises, etc.) but merely serves as a qualifier, without much critical reflection on its use. For example, the idea of conceptual crises helps clarify theoretical issues, but lack of agreement within social sciences does not constitute a crisis per se; it is rather the norm. Also, in retrospect, one could argue that until 2014 borders continued to operate, whereas the crisis now appears more obvious in the sense that borders do not function in the way they are supposed to – clearly more people make it to the EU than Frontex can send back (at least until the recent agreement with Turkey). And what is the meaning of a crisis when this situation has already been going on for more than a decade? This calls more generally for a better analysis of what crisis means in the current European Union context.