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Characterisation of Sandstones: Mineralogy and Physical Properties

Sandstones from QwaQwa in South Africa were characterised for their mineralogical and physical properties. Six samples (whitish, greenish, blackish, reddish, yellowish and greyish) were collected and studied. The X-ray Diffraction (XRD) revealed that the samples were quartz based. Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) revealed the differences in the morphology and Silicon element was found present in all the samples. The X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) exhibited that the samples contained 43.14% of Silicon (whitish). The grain sizes of the samples ranged from coarse, medium to fine grains. The Greyish sample had the highest compressive strength value of 56.74 MPa. Dielectric properties measurements were also conducted on the samples; and the results were temperature dependant. The water absorption by total immersion revealed that the blackish sand stones had the highest percentage of 6.62%.