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Renovascular hypertension after transplantation of a kidney perfused via multiple renal arteries.

A case presented in which a kidney with multiple (four) renal arteries was perfused by cannulating the two larger vessels. In spite of precautions to minimize damage at the sites of cannulation, stenosis developed at the orifices of the two principal vessels. This resulted in renovascular hypertension and led eventually to transplant nephrectomy. A technique has subsequently been developed to permit perfusion preservation without direct cannulation of the renal arteries. This completely eliminates cannula-related injury as a cause of renal artery stenosis.