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Effect of glycoprotein and protein hormones on human meningioma cell proliferation in vitro.

Speculation that meningiomas are subject to female hormone influence is supported by their higher incidence in women and reports of exacerbation of symptoms during pregnancy and the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Previous reports have concentrated on the effects of the steroid hormones oestradiol and progesterone on meningioma proliferation. In this study we have investigated the roles of the glycoproteins LH, FSH and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), and the protein hormones prolactin (PRL) and human placental lactogen (hPL) on the proliferation of human meningiomas in vitro. The three glycoproteins had an inhibitory effect on meningioma proliferation ranging from 5.0-50.0%, 10.0-63.0% and 2.4-34.0% at the highest concentrations of LH (25 mIU/ml), FSH (15 mIU/ml) and hCG (30 IU/ml) respectively. Cultures were also treated with PRL (100 and 200 ng/ml) and hPL (5 and 10 ng/ml) and the protein hormones had a stimulatory effect on cell proliferation of 12.0-55.5% and 11.4-73.6% when treated with 200 ng/ml PRL and 10 micrograms/ml hPL respectively. Our data suggest that increasing levels of the protein hormones PRL and hPL, falling levels of hCG and the absence of LH and FSH in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy may play a role in the acceleration of meningioma growth in these stages of pregnancy.