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The Molecular Perspective: The Ribosome

protein motors and protein messengers, efficient catalysts made of protein, protein supertankers to deliver materials and protein highways to guide this delivery. Cells devote most of their resources to synthesis of these diverse macromolecular machines. However, the factory that constructs all of these proteins is composed, quite ironically, not of protein, but primarily of RNA. The ribosome, pictured in Figure 1, is built largely of RNA, and there is strong structural evidence that a specific adenine base, which is activated by a magnesium ion, forms each new peptide bond as the protein chain grows. The unusual nature of the ribosome may be a fossil of evolution, preserved from a time when life was based primarily on nucleic acids, before the reign of proteins. The Molecular Perspective: The Ribosome