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Part II Predominant Security Challenges and International Law, Human Security, Ch.19 Atrocity Crimes and Large-scale Human Rights Violations

This chapter discusses the prevention of conflicts and protection of populations from atrocity crimes and large-scale human rights violations, which remains a primary responsibility of States. Indeed, in the 2005 World Summit Outcome Document, United Nations Member States reaffirmed their responsibility to protect populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing, and crimes against humanity. The chapter argues that the international community cannot undertake meaningful prevention without respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms universally recognized and guaranteed by the International Bill of Rights and other international and regional instruments. As underscored by the preamble to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, ‘recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace’. It is therefore crucial that respect for human rights is put at the heart of prevention of atrocity crimes.