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[Neurosteroids and their biological significance].

The paper summarizes the current knowledge concerning various aspects of neurosteroid metabolism and mode of action. These steroid compounds including dehydroepiandrosterone, pregnenolone, and their sulfates, as well as progesterone and its tetrahydro metabolites, are synthesized de novo in glial cells of different brain structures both in humans and in animals. Biological effects of neurosteroids and their fundamental and clinical aspects are reviewed.