{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.008431703204047217, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 5.0, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Use of a laser/photodiode array detector system to study mass transport across membranes.

A new instrument has been developed to rapidly measure the rate of mass transport across interface or membranes without the need for sample extraction. This instrument utilizes a pulsed laser as the light source and a photodiode array as the detector, together with a specially designed diffusion cell to acquire spatially resolved data. Measurements are made in quiet solutions where the concentration gradients on one or both sides of an interface or a membrane are viewed by the diode array detector