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Abstract 056: Racial Differences in Length of Stay and Hospital Expenses in Hypertension and Pregnancy


 Introduction:
 Per a 2019 CDC report, pregnancy-related complications constituted approximately 700 deaths per year in the United States with cardiovascular disease being a primary driver of these deaths. Additionally, prior studies reveal known racial/ethnic disparities in treating cardiovascular disease. This epidemiological study analyzed the racial differences in length of stay and hospital expenses for women with hypertension and pregnancy at the three most populous states in the United States.
 
 
 Methods:
 The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project database was used to gather statewide data. ICD-9 codes were used to collect data from 2014. ICD-9 codes were used that included both pregnancy and hypertension during in-patient admissions. The three most populous states in the United States were used to assess race/ethnicity in outcomes of length of stay (LOS) and mean hospital charges.
 
 
 Results:
 A total of 11,959; 6,726; 15,850 discharges were analyzed from California, New York, and Texas, respectively. LOS, in days, in California was 3.6, 3.3, and 3.1 for black, Asian/Pacific Islander, and white patients. LOS, in days, in New York was 3.9, 4.2, and 3.4 for black, Asian/Pacific Islander, and white patients. LOS, in days, in Texas was 3.8, 4.0, and 3.2 for black, Asian/Pacific Islander, and white patients. Mean hospital charges, in dollars, in California were 37,845, 39,502, and 33,406 for black, Asian/Pacific Islander, and white patients. Mean hospital charges, in dollars, in New York were 24,113, 28,777, and 17,711 for black, Asian/Pacific Islander, and white patients. Mean hospital charges, in dollars, in Texas were 21,890, 23,481, and 19,043 for black, Asian/Pacific Islander, and white patients.
 
 
 Conclusion:
 All three states revealed longer length of stay and higher hospital charges for black and Asian/Pacific Islander patients as compared to white patients. These results develop on those demonstrated by the CDC and underscore the importance of treating cardiovascular disease, specifically hypertension, in preventing pregnancy-related complications with an emphasis on treating black and Asian/Pacific Islander women. These preliminary results demonstrate how this would have a significant impact on length of stay and total hospital charges.
