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Deoxyribonucleotide Synthesis in Phycovirus-Infected Green Algae. A New Virus-Induced Ribonucleotide Reductase

Infection of Chlorella-like green algae with freshwater phycoviruses is associated with a large and rapid demand for DNA precursors which cannot be met by the algal deoxyribonucleotide-synthesizing enzymes. We have demonstrated in these cells an up to ten-fold increase of the key enzyme, ribonucleotide reductase, 1-2 h post infection. The enzyme activity has been partially enriched from cell extracts. In vitro, it differs from that of uninfected algae in three characteristic parameters, viz. eight-fold higher resistance to millimolar hydroxyurea concentrations, much higher optimum concentration of an allosteric effector nucleotide, thymidine triphosphate, and an unusually low temperature optimum at 20 °C. We conclude that the large DNA phycoviruses, like Herpes and pox viruses, code for their own specific ribonucleotide reductase.