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A study of acute ST elevation myocardial infarction in young patients from government teaching hospital

Context: Myocardial infarction (MI) is being recognized in a younger age group in recent years. MI in the young adult may differ from that in the elderly by virtue of its greater incidence of risk factors and atherosclerotic etiology, the heavy preponderance of male patients. Aims: The aim of this study was to study clinical profile, risk factors, complications, infarct type, management, and outcome in patients 45 years or younger (young) admitted with acute ST elevation MI at a Government teaching hospital in Gandhinagar, Gujarat. Subjects and Methods: This is a retrospective study of all new young patients managed for acute ST elevation MI in ICCU of GMERS Medical College and Hospital, Gandhinagar, Gujarat from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2013. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 21 software. Results: The mean age of 40.95 years with (89%) males and, (11%) females and male to female ratio was 8.1:1. Most patients (58.9%) were from 41 to 45 years age. The most common clinical presentation was chest pain and sweating (97.3% vs. 11%). Most patients (65.8%) arrived in hospital within 6 h from the onset of symptoms. The most common area of infarction was anterior wall and inferior (61.3% vs. 22.7%). The most common risk factor was smoking (40.7%) followed by hypertension (20.3%) and dyslipidemia (15.3%). The most common complication was arrhythmias (24.65%) followed by recurrent ischemia (12.3%). Most (78.7%) received thrombolysis. In hospital, death was 9.3%. Conclusion: In young acute ST elevation myocardial infarction, smoking is the most important risk factor. These patients have better outcome and prognosis.