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[Cardiovascular diseases, cognitive abilities and quality of life in old age].

Dementia is the most important disorder endangering and impairing quality of life in old age. Cardiovascular diseases as well as cardiovascular risk factors raise the risk for dementia; therefore, a targeted primary and secondary prevention strategy is indicated, also in view of the maintenance of autonomy and quality of life. Consequent primary and secondary prevention comprises adequate therapy of risk factors, including pharmacotherapy, if necessary. Important general measures are regular physical and mental training, complemented by an alimentation with a favorable composition of lipids and rich in micronutrients (in particular antioxidants).