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Wolbachia- and Onchocerca volvulus-Induced Keratitis (River Blindness) Is Dependent on Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88

ABSTRACT Endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria that infect the filarial nematode Onchocerca volvulus were previously found to have an essential role in the pathogenesis of river blindness. The current study demonstrates that corneal inflammation induced by Wolbachia or O. volvulus antigens containing Wolbachia is completely dependent on expression of myeloid differentiation factor 88.