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Deferrable Load Scheduling in a Stand-alone Power System with Renewable Energy Sources and a Perfect Battery

Renewable energy resources are environmentally friendly and have received a lot of attention lately. In this paper, we consider a stand-alone power system with renewable energy sources and a perfect battery. We assume that the loads to the system are deferrable so that they can be scheduled to balance the power supply and demand. The main objective of a scheduling policy in such a system is to effectively utilize renewable energy sources so that the loads can be served as quickly as possible and the amount of wasted energy can be minimized. For such a purpose, we consider three classes of scheduling policies: (i) no lookahead policies, (ii) 1-period lookahead policies, and (iii) 1-period prediction policies. By using a sample path argument, we prove a comparison theorem between a maximal 1-period lookahead policy and a maximal no lookahead policy. We also prove an invariant theorem for the battery capacity of a maximal 1-period lookahead policy. Our simulation results reveal two interesting findings: (i) increasing the battery capacity is very effective in improving the performance of a maximal no lookahead policy, and (ii) prediction can be very effective in improving the system performance without needing to increase battery capacity.