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Environmentally Sound Management of E-Waste - Relationship between Environmentally Sound Management and Transboundary Movements

This article discusses relationship between environmentally sound management (ESM) and transboundary movements (TBM) of hazardous wastes, in particular E-waste. ESM and TBM are the main pillars of the Basel Convention; however, the issues on TBM had only been discussed intensively at early stage of the Basel Convention. ESM had been become a main agenda of international discussion of the Basel Convention after several years since entry into force of the Basel Convention. The article introduces a new concept to identify ESM level by using ESM benchmarks and standards.