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Preferential Voting in Denmark: How, Why, and to What Effect?

The paper provides an overview of (1) the Danish system for casting a preferential - or personal - vote in a proportional list system and (2) how seats are subsequently allocated. Denmark differs from most (all?) preferential list PR systems by letting the parties themselves (actually the parties' multi-member constituency branches) decide which one of four possible preferential list options they want to employ in an upcoming election. The two dominant options are explained in some detail, to allow a full understanding of how they function. The paper then goes on to discuss how this system can be classified if one looks at the classification schemes proposed by in previous works in this field. The way forward is to understand that "Denmark" is not one, but at least two different - but simultaneously used - systems, which belong in different classification categories. The Danish PLPR system is then briefly compared to the Swedish and the Finnish systems before a few empirical results from Danish impact studies are presented. Finally, a model attempts to illustrate how the various explanatory factors interact to produce the parties' votes in the Danish multi-member constituencies. 1 Constructive comments and advice from Soren Risbjerg Thomsen and Birgitta Wistrand are appreciated.