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Linkage analysis between manic-depressive illness and the region on chromosome 15q involved in Prader-Willi syndrome, including two GABAA receptor subtype genes.

Cooccurrence of Prader-Willi syndrome and psychosis has been reported in a few cases. Prader-Willi syndrome is most often associated with interstitial deletion or uniparental disomy of chromosome 15q11-q13. The cooccurrence of Prader-Willi syndrome and psychosis may thus be due to deletion of, or in the case of uniparental disomy, duplication of a gene involved in the etiology of psychosis, possibly manic-depressive illness localized in this region. The region contains two assumed candidate genes for manic-depressive illness, the alpha 5 and beta 3 subunits of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor. This study investigates linkage between manic-depressive illness and this region. Furthermore, an additional case with Prader-Willi syndrome and psychosis is briefly described. No evidence of linkage was found assuming dominant or recessive modes of inheritance. Linkage to the GABAA receptor subunits was excluded assuming a dominant mode of transmission for all models, and to the proximal part of the chromosome 15q11-q13 region for broader phenotypic models. Negative though largely inconclusive lod scores were obtained assuming a recessive mode of transmission; however close linkage to the beta 3 subtype of the GABAA receptor was excluded.