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A neuropsychological perspective on the development of and the interrelation between numerical and language processing

Impairments in number processing (e.g., dyscalculia, acalculia) are often associated with impairments in language processing (e.g., dyslexia, aphasia) in both developmental disorders and adult neurological syndromes (e.g., Geary, 1993; Willmes, 2008). However, number processing deficits in aphasics are not necessarily reducible to the language impairment (Basso et al., 2005). Recent studies in mathematical experts even suggest the existence of two distinct, non-overlapping networks for mathematics and language (Amalric & Dehaene, 2018). This underscores the importance to understand the neuropsychological foundations of mathematics and language processing. The main aim of this chapter is to present the current neuropsychological literature of numerical cognition so that in a second step similarities and intersections with language processing can be briefly outlined.