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New Left Diplomatic Histories and Historians: The American Revisionists . By Joseph M. Siracusa. (Port Washington, N.Y., and London: National University Publications, Kennikat Press, 1973. Pp. viii, 138. $6.95.)

The somewhat prolix discussion of the various ties occasionally produces a noteworthy, or at least novel, point. For example, the "haves" in underdeveloped countries often show important links with the "haves" in advanced countries, but the same is not true for the "have-nots" in the two kinds of countries (pp. 139-41). For another, ideologies of the great powers influence those in smaller states, but not the other way around. Singer stresses the vital influence of education, and in this discussion states that "in 1963 the United States was the country to which almost forty per cent of the independent countries of the world sent most of their overseas students for study" (p. 162). The author points out the implications that their relatively meager sources of information have for weaker states. When a weak state reacts against a perceptual "mentor," it often turns to another, thus not diminishing its dependency (p. 177), and the same holds true for economic ties (p. 226). In discussing foreign direct investment, Singer states that what began "as a mutually advantageous economic relationship also often takes on, by its very success, highly political overtones" (p. 265). He makes a distinction between "perceived political influence" and "actual political influence," suggesting that decision makers in a weaker state, without basis in fact, behave as though they thought the greater power was almost omnipotent (p. 314).