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Secure Two-party Dilithium Signing Protocol

The National Institute of Standards and Technology is in the process of selecting post-quantum public-key cryptography (PQC) algorithms through a public competition-like process. Dilithium, a lattice-based signature scheme, is a PQC candidate submitted to the NIST. It offers a fairly good performance with relatively straightforward implementation. In this study, we considered a secure two-party Dilithium signing protocol. We described how to build a distributed key generation and distributed signing protocol for Dilithium. Our protocol achieves a coordinated two-party Dilithium signature generation using Brakersiki/Fan-Vercauteren homomorphic encryption scheme. Our protocol is proven secure against active adversaries corrupting one of the players. Compared with other protocols, our protocol has advantage in resisting quantum computing attacks.