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The relationship between chemical structure and the in vivo metabolism of an homologous series of n‐alkyl carbamates

The metabolism and pharmacokinetics of carbonyl [14C] labelled ethyl, n‐butyl, n‐hexyl and n‐octyl carbamates has been examined in rats after oral and intravenous administration. Hydrolysis of the carbamate group was a major metabolic fate, particularly of the more water soluble carbamates. Conversely, with increasing lipophilicity increasing amounts of ω‐1 oxidation products were found both in plasma and urine. The plasma pharmacokinetic data could not be explained by a simple bi‐exponential model, ethyl carbamate in particular showing unexpectedly persistent blood levels. A model has been proposed to explain the pharmacokinetic data for ethyl, n‐butyl, n‐hexyl and n‐octyl carbamates. The essential features of this model are that carbamate is thought not to be in equilibrium between the peripheral and central compartment and that hydrolytic metabolism takes place in the peripheral compartment while oxidative metabolism to urinary metabolites occurs in the central compartment.