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Physics news on the Internet (based on electronic preprints)

D Awschalom and his colleagues from the University of California, Santa Barbara and Pennsylvania State University in the US have detected the spin Hall effect at room temperature for the first time. The effect was observed in a nonmagnetic material in the absence of an applied magnetic field and consisted in the fact that an electron spin current flowed in a traverse direction to the charge current Ð leading to a concentration difference between opposite spin electrons on the lateral faces of the sample. The reason for this phenomenon is that the scattering direction of an electron depends on precisely how the electron's spin is directed when participating in the spin ± orbit interaction. The spin Hall effect was predicted by M I Dyakonov and V I Perel in 1971 and first observed by D Awschalom and Y Kato in their 2004 study on GaAs at 20 K. In the new experiment, 1.5-mm thick n-type semiconducting films of chlorine-doped ZnSe were investigated using Kerr rotation spectroscopy. As the temperature increased from 10 to 295 K, the size of the spin Hall effect (i.e., crystal-side spin polarization) decreased by about ten times, while still remaining measurable. The task for future research is to increase the spin coherence time and the fraction of polarized electrons at elevated temperatures. The spin Hall effect can find applications in designing spin current sources for spintronic devices. Source: Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 126603 (2006); prl.aps.org http://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0607288