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Predicate classes in Yucatec Maya

The purpose of a classification of predicates is to provide the basis for any explanations of different grammatical behavior of predicates that may be grounded in differences of lexical semantics. The scope of such a classification has to comprise not only verbs, but all words that can function as predicates, because the criteria must not be structural. The criteria of such a classification are therefore such as characterize situations, participants and their roles in situations. The features form a hierarchy and are defined operationally so that tests for the assignment of a given predicate to some class can be formulated. Some 450 stems of spoken Yucatec Maya are classified in this way. Generalizations about the structural behavior of the semantic classes are proposed. The grammatical and lexical operations that transfer a predicate from one class into another are reviewed. Finally, an attempt at formulating the underlying typological principles is made.