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A synthesis of innovative experiences in population education in Asia and the Pacific.


 Several innovative experiences in population education in Asian and Pacific countries have been designed that enhance its effective contribution to the alleviation of population related problems. As a contributor to national development goals, population education programs are used to refocus the entire educational system to hasten and facilitate macro-level development efforts to slow population growth in order to improve the standard of living. Several countries have included the programs in their development plans. Population education has also contributed to the renovation of school curricula at the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels in terms of content and teaching methodologies. 3 approaches are used to integrate population education in existing disciplines in formal education. The subunit approach prepares teaching units which are added to an existing unit in the course syllabus of a subject area. This approach is used in the Philippines, Korea, and Thailand. Infusion expands existing units in the syllabi to include population related ideas. The education content remains the same but relevant new examples are substituted. In the 3rd approach, the curricula of selected subjects are overhauled to allow for the permeation of relevant ideas. Population education has been integrated into several nonformal education programs including literacy and adult education, labor training, and agricultural extension. Several approaches are utilized. Separate courses are developed and used in ongoing programs such as training for field functionaries or out-of-school youth and adults. Infusion is used especially in literacy and rural development programs to demonstrate the relationship between population issues and quality of life. Core learning kit approaches are self-contained, using teaching/learning materials to convey a predetermined set of population education concepts to target audiences with common interests and needs. 6 training schemes have evolved to train large numbers of teachers who are responsible for implementing population education programs. Phased face-to-face training by the Ministry of Education concentrates on training core key personnel who then train those at a lower level. Phased face-to-face training by university/teacher training colleges offer preservice courses or inservice programs. Self-learning modules are used by teachers who cannot participate in face-to-face programs. Distance teaching used a combination of radio programs and workbook exercises or correspondence courses. Intercountry or interstate visits involves travelling to other areas where advanced population programs exist to learn from the experience of others. India, Indonesia, and Sri Lanka use mobile teams to conduct training for teachers in their schools or in designated centers.
