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Evolution of Domestic Kitchen Design: Influence of Disease Theory and the Changing Role of Women

Abstract In the late 1800s negative effects associated with the Industrial Revolution and subsequent urban crowding led to increased health problems and disease transmissions. This interdisciplinary study analyzed how domestic kitchen design was influenced by concerns for public health, the changing role of women, and Victorian disease theory that centered on sanitation and germs. The role of women changed during this time period from being the manager of domestic servants to becoming the provider of domestic service for their families. Public health officials advised the housewife on the best ways to maintain family health and viewed the healthy home as a means to prevent the spread of disease. No room saw more change to improve health than the kitchen. These changes were seen in overall kitchen design, furnishings, and finishes. This review of the history of kitchen design through a multidiscipUnary perspective provided insight into how design concepts evolved and gave a beneficial example of an historical study to educators who desire to convey to students the importance of a comprehensive design perspective.