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A Ku-band reflectarray using variable rings and slots on the ground plane

Microstrip reflectarrays are flat, light-weight and high gain antennas and often replace conventional parabolic antennas or arrays for high gain and light-weight applications. The reflectarrays normally consist of microstrip elements on a grounded substrate and a primary source antenna. The microstrip elements are designed to reradiate the incident wave with the proper phases required to form a planar phase surface in front of the aperture [1]. The phase range is required up to 360° to compensate for the spatial phase delay between the parabolic curvature and each radiating element location on the flat reflectarray. The required phase of the reflected wave for microstrip rings can be achieved by rotating elements for circular polarization [2] or changing ring sizes [3], but the phase ranges are normally limited to less than 360° on a single layer. To increase the phase range over 360°, a new design of a unit cell, using a microstrip ring and a slot on the ground plane, is proposed in this paper. A prototype Ku-band reflectarray has been fabricated and measured to verify its performance.