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Wireless sensor network energy-adaptive mac protocol

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) provide a valuable capability to autonomously monitor remote activities. Their limited resources challenge WSN medium access control (MAC) layer designers to adequately support network services while conserving limited battery power. This paper presents an energyadaptive WSN MAC protocol, Gateway MAC (GMAC), which implements a new cluster-centric paradigm to effectively distribute cluster energy resources and extend network lifetime. G-MAC’s centralized cluster management function offers significant energy savings by leveraging the advantages of both contention and contention-free protocols. A centralized gateway node collects all transmission requirements during a contention period and then schedules their distributions during a reservation-based, contention-free period. With minimal overhead, the gateway duties are efficiently rotated based upon available resources to distribute the increased network management energy requirements among all of the nodes.