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Ionospheric Observations of Waves at the Inner Edge of the Low Latitude Boundary Layer

Over the past 10 years we have undertaken a series of coordinated observations of the dayside high latitude ionospheric convection reversal boundary together with the upstream solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) conditions. Using DMSP particle precipitation data, we find that the convection reversal boundary maps to the inner edge of the low latitude boundary layer. Using combinations of the Greenland incoherent scatter radar and Greenland magnetometers we have examined the behavior of the convection reversal boundary under a variety of conditions. At times the boundary may be very stable and can be characterized as either a shear boundary or a rotational boundary. At other times, the boundary becomes wavelike with spatial amplitudes of several degrees in magnetic latitude. These conditions are generally associated with a large value of the IMF By component and small value of the IMF B z component. The wavelike spatial motions which are observed in the radar data appear as ULF Pc5 magnetic pulsations (15 - 35 minute periods) over a limited latitudinal band centered on the reversal boundary observed by the meridional chain of west coast Greenland magnetometers. Several examples of these conditions have been observed and we suggest that they are the ionospheric signature of Kelvin-Helmholtz waves at the inner edge of the LLBL. The generation of these waves results from the strong dayside shear flows at the outer dayside magnetosphere produced by IMF By reconnection.