{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.030797101449275364, 'fraction_numerical': 0.014492753623188406, 'mean_word_length': 5.144444444444445, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Gamma-Ray Irradiation-Enhanced Wet-Etching of Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate

Gamma-ray irradiation-enhanced wet-etching of proton-exchanged Z-cut Y-propagating LiNbO3 is presented. The etched ridge height of a sample with gamma-ray irradiation of intensity 650 krad/h on a LiNbO3 substrate for 30 min is three times larger than that without. Moreover, experimental results show the propagation loss values of Ti-indiffused LiNbO3 waveguides fabricated on the irradiated ridge structures are only slightly larger than those on the nonirradiated ones.