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Gender Differences in the Bem Sex-Role Inventory among High School Students: Implications for School Counselors

This study examined the factor structure of the Bem Sex-Role Inventory and the gender differences in masculinity and femininity among high school students (N = 379) in a Midwestern state in the U.S. Principal component analyses suggested a three-factor model (Femininity, Personal Masculinity, and Social Masculinity). Findings also showed that females in this study rated their femininity and masculinity significantly higher than males. When compared to the means reported in existing studies, males in this study had significantly lower ratings of their masculinity, while females had a significantly higher means on masculinity than the female sample in Bem’s 1974 study. Implications for school counselors and counseling researchers are discussed.