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A differentiated approach to the computer design of welded structures

The welding production in the CIS countries is characterised by increased (by a factor of 1.5–2) metal requirement, the volume of deposited metal and the consumption of electric energy in the manufacture of welded structures in comparison with the parameters in European countries. Consequently, it is necessary to develop new approaches in the main stages of development, fabrication, inspection and monitoring of welded structures, namely: methods, models and algorithms of the computer design of welded structures and parallel formation of appropriate systems of the quality of welded joints and components as a whole. The processes of technical preparation of assembling and welding production are influenced by the universal means of the computer designs of technical systems. However, the specific features of the preparation of welding production are not sufficiently reflected in universal systems. Experts who are not experts in welding find it difficult, using universal packages, to develop rational welded structures from the viewpoint of the designer and the technologist at the same time. In addition, there are problems with ensuring the quality of fabrication and certification of the resultant products. It should be mentioned that there are only a few teams in the CIS countries, fully concerned with the problems of computerisation of the welding processes and related technologies. There have been individual efficient studies but the requirements of practice result in the demand for computer integration of both objects and processes of designing welded structures, technologies, organisation of production and the formation of systems of quality inspection. In this article, special attention is given to the solution of the problem of the designer in a specific region in which engineering, constructional and other companies are concerned with the production of components represented largely by welded structures for general applications. It is required to propose a set of computer, design, technological and organisational methods, ensuring the development and fabrication of efficient welded structures with the required service life made of low carbon and low-alloy steels. The current approach to the organisation of welding production in different branches of industry should be differentiated, taking into account the distribution of welded structures into individual groups on the basis of the overall dimensions, weight and form of the welded joints. It is assumed that the main types of welded structures in a region and the most characteristic representatives of these structures have been determined in a previous stage (in order to simplify further considerations, Table 1 presents these types of welded structures). The authors of Ref. 2 proposed to examine the welding production in Belarus as some assembling–welding holding, governed