{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.032564450474898234, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 6.165048543689321, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Cognitive subgroups in first episode bipolar I disorder: Relation to clinical and brain volumetric variables

Distinct cognitive subgroups are seen in patients with long duration bipolar I disorder (BDI), possibly reflective of underlying pathophysiological differences. It is unknown whether such cognitive heterogeneity is present at illness onset. We applied latent class analysis (LCA) to cognitive test scores in first episode BDI patients. Exploratory analysis elucidated whether impaired subgroups were characterized by ‘early neurodevelopmental’ (low premorbid IQ and intracranial volume) versus ‘later neurodevelopmental’ (decline from premorbid to current IQ, changes in relative grey (GM)/white (WM) matter volumes) pathology.