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Medullary Thyroid Cancer

Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) arises from the thyroid C-cells and accounts for 1 to 2% of thyroid cancers in the United States. Most tumors are sporadic but may occur as a part of the familial syndromes multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) 2A, MEN2B, and familial MTC. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment of these tumors, although recent advances in molecular genetics have enabled the development and use of targeted therapies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors to treat patients with symptomatic metastatic disease.
 This review contains 2 figures, 3 tables and 34 references
Key Words: genetics, management, medullary thyroid cancer, MEN2A, MEN2B, targeted therapies