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Unusual percolation threshold of electromagnetic waves in double‐zero medium embedded with random inclusions

By investigating the transmission of electromagnetic waves through random media composed of a random cluster of inclusions embedded in a “double‐zero” medium with simultaneously near‐zero permittivity and permeability, a percolation behavior of photons squeezing through the gaps between random inclusions with unity transmittance is observed. Interestingly, such a percolation exhibits a threshold induced by the long‐range connectivity of the “nonconducting” component in the transverse direction instead of the “conducting” component in the propagation direction, which is distinctly different from those in normal percolations. This unusual phenomenon, obtained by full wave simulations, is explained analytically through the introduction of a geometric concept hereby denoted as “free surfaces”. This work reveals a unique type of percolation threshold for electromagnetic waves with potential applications in energy harvesting, sensors and switches.