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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Reduced and Connective Tissue Growth Factor Induced by Triamcinolone in ARPE 19 Cells under Oxidative Stress

METHODS. TA (10 nM, 1 M, or 100 M) was added to ARPE19 cells exposed to oxidative stress induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation and paraquat. Cellular expression of VEGF, CTGF, and an inducer of both growth factors, transforming growth factor (TGF)was investigated with real-time reverse transcription– polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Tubeforming assays were conducted with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in conditioned medium from RPE cells exposed to oxidative stress, with or without TA treatment.