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Passive MIMO: New load modulation technique using multiple antennas

In this paper, we present a passive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) transmission technique, where the load modulation is applied for multiple antennas. We use PIN diodes as the variable impedance element in the tag side to achieve the multi-level modulation. From the experimental result, it is shown that the transmission rate with MIMO is up to 2 times higher than that with Single-Input Single-Output (SISO) even when the distance is varied. This result support passive MIMO allows high-speed data transmission.