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Detection and Classification of Road Accident Black Zones Using Exploratory Spatial Data Techniques

The road accidents are realized in dangerous locations which qualified as “black spots” or “black zones”. Actually, their technical and analysis methods identification become an important issues for the road safety research (Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis). In this paper, we identify the spatial concentration places of the road accidents “black zones” using the Spatial Data Analysis Method (Moran’s I and Getis-Ord ). Our results show that the black zones number detected is higher than the claimed one’s by public authorities (20 black zones against 9 black spots). Furthermore, this method allows a real classification of these areas. Thus, the black zones are classed by their danger degree. We show that black zones length detected by our methods is less important than the one’s detected by public authority of road safety (2000 meters against 7000 meters). This implies that it is possible to reduce the insecurity cost by 71%. Moreover, our proposed classification gives a priority order in terms of the public expenditure required to secure infrastructure.