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Technique, Utility, and Safety of Awake Tracheoplasty Using Combined Laser and Balloon Dilation

Objectives: Laryngotracheostenosis (LTS) is a condition in which the airway is narrowed between the vocal cords and the carina. We seek to examine whether flexible bronchoscopy with neodymium‐doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser incision and balloon dilation tracheoplasty is a practical choice in the management of patients with subglottic or tracheal stenosis.