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A wide-locking range 6-phase divide-by-3 injection-locked frequency divider

A 6-phase divide-by-3 CMOS injection locked frequency dividers (ILFDs) have been proposed and implemented in a 0.35 μm CMOS process. The ILFD circuits are realised with a 3-stage double cross-coupled CMOS ring oscillator. The self-oscillating voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is injection-locked by 3th-harmonic input to obtain the division factor of 3. Measurement results show that as the supply voltage varies from 1.2 to 3.5 V, the free-running frequency is from 0.136 to 0.7 GHz. At the incident power of −5 dBm, the locking range in the divide-by-3 mode is from the incident frequency 0.38–2.31 GHz.