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Glutathione S‐transferase M1 and T1 genetic polymorphism in Egyptian patients with nonsegmental vitiligo

Oxidative stress and accumulation of free radicals might play a role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Glutathione S‐transferase (GST) is a multigene family of enzymes that detoxify oxidative stress products. In this study, genotyping by multiplex PCR of GSTM1 and GSTT1 in 101 women with nonsegmental vitiligo vulgaris and 101 age‐matched healthy female volunteers showed that only the GSTM1 null genotype (P = 0.04) was significantly overexpressed in patients with vitiligo. Analysis of the combined effect of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotyping identified a significant association of risk for vitiligo with the GSTT1/GSTM1 double‐null type only (P = 0.01; OR = 2.69; 95% CI 1.12–6.46). Age of onset of vitiligo was significantly earlier in patients with the T1 null genotype (P < 0.01) and those with the T1−/M1+ and T1−/M1− combined genotypes (P < 0.01 and P = 0.01, respectively). In conclusion, the GSTM1 gene and the GSTM1/GSTT1 double‐null genotype may be a risk factor for vitiligo in Egyptian patients. Inability to cope with oxidative stresses because of GST deficiency may cause early disease onset.