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Effect of gonadectomy and gonadal steroid replacement on pituitary and plasma beta-endorphin levels in the rat.

The effect of gonadectomy on β-endorphin-like immunoreactivity (βEP-LI) of the anterior (AP) and neurointermediate (NIL) lobes of the pituitary and plasma βEP concentrations has been evaluated in male and female rats 24 h, 2, 3, and 5 weeks post surgery, before and after institution of replacement therapy with gonadal steroids. Simultaneous determination of βEP-LI was also performed in the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH), median eminence (ME), and brain stem. In rats of both sexes, AP βEP-LI and plasma βEP concentrations were unaltered 24 h, 1, and 2 weeks after gonadectomy but were significantly reduced at 3 and 5 weeks. In the NIL, the reduction in βEP-LI occurred earlier, being already apparent 2 weeks after gonadectomy. In male rats, a 14-day replacement therapy with testosterone propionate (65 μg/rat sc, daily) instituted 3 weeks post surgery partially restored βEP titers in the AP and plasma but failed to do so in the NIL. In female rats, estradiol benzoate (10 μg/rat sc, daily) restored completely ...