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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTRAMEDULLARY CELL DIVISIONS, RED BLOOD CELL (RBC) SIZE, AND GLYCOLYTIC ENZYME ACTIVITY

The mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) varies directly with cell size, and this is thought to reflect the number of intramedullary cell divisions (macrocytes<normocytes<microcytes). In order to assess how the number of cell divisions influences the content of other RBC proteins, we measured the activity of 2 age-independent glycolytic enzymes in macrocytic (12 pts), normal (15 pts), and microcytic (15 pts) RBC's. The enzymes measured were phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH). In macrocytes (MCV-111, MCH-37) both PGK and LDH activity/1010 RBC's were increased 1.6-fold greater than in normal RBC's (MCV-91, MCH-31). In microcytes (MCV-64, MCH-20), however, the activity of these enzymes was identical to that seen in normal RBC's. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that macrocytes undergo fewer intramedullary cell divisions but contrary to current concepts, the identical enzyme activity in normal and microcytic RBC's suggests that these cells have undergone the same number of cell divisions. The smaller volume of microcytes can be explained by decreased hemoglobin synthesis since it is known that the volume of growing cells is influenced by the cation and water accumulation which accompanies amino acid incorporation into protein.