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Heterogeneous multi-unmanned aerial vehicle task planning: Simultaneous attacks on targets using the Pythagorean hodograph curve

The coupled task allocation and path planning problem for heterogeneous multiple unmanned aerial vehicles performing a search and attack mission involving obstacles and no-fly zones are addressed. The importance of the target is measured using a time-dependent value. A task allocation algorithm is proposed to obtain the maximum system utility. In the system utility function, the reward of the target, path lengths of unmanned aerial vehicles, and number of unmanned aerial vehicles to perform a simultaneous attack are considered. The path length of the unmanned aerial vehicles based on the Pythagorean hodograph curve is calculated, and it serves as the input for the task allocation problem. A resource management method for unmanned aerial vehicles is used, so that the resource consumption of the unmanned aerial vehicles can be balanced. To satisfy the requirement of simultaneous attacks and the unmanned aerial vehicle kinematic constraints in an environment involving obstacles and no-fly zones, a distributed cooperative particle swarm optimization algorithm is developed to generate flyable and safe Pythagorean hodograph curve trajectories for unmanned aerial vehicles to achieve simultaneous arrival. Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to demonstrate the performance of the proposed task allocation and path planning method.