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Very long gauge length fiber optic seismic event detectors

Integrating fiber optic sensors offer the potential to monitor large spatial extends due to their geometric flexibility. To date, this potential has not been widely exploited. By increasing the length of an integrating fiber optic sensor, its gain and/or gauge length can be increased. In addition, by configuring the sensor to a spatial distribution of some parameter field of interest, the antenna gain of the sensor will provide selectivity for that particular distribution. In this paper we analyze the application of very long gauge length integrating fiber optic sensors to high sensitivity/highly directional seismic sensing. The ability to focus a seismic sensor on particular faults or locations such as underground nuclear test sties offers the potential of enhanced warning of impending earthquakes or detection of the occurrence of nuclear device testing. We provide an analysis of the application of very long gauge sensing to seismic detection and presents some experimental results demonstrating antenna gain.