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Defoe and the London Wall: Mapped Perspectives

Space in Defoe's London is admittedly hard to describe. "What does he actually show us?" Samuel Monk asks, and answers his own question: "Nothing."2 Max Byrd agrees. For Byrd, Defoe's London remains "abstract civic space," "somehow two-dimensional, an abstract environment, so to speak, without colors or smells or windows and doors."3 If we grant Monk and Byrd their frustration in describing the quality of space in Defoe's works, the question still has to be asked—what precisely does "abstract civic space" look like? How do we experience space in a Defoe novel when the cues we expect to find, those of Hogarth and Dickens, are not given us? Or perhaps a question that is more to the point, what are the cues that are given us in place of the ones we expect?