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Downlink Coverage Extension for UAV 5G Micro Base Stations through V2V Communications

In this paper, our target is to extend the downlink coverage performance of unmanned-air-vehicle (UAV) 5th Generation (5G) micro base stations. For this purpose, we propose to utilize a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) system as a relay node. First, we model air-to-ground (ATG) channel model in a practical and a tractable way. For ATG system, we assume that we utilize mission critical frequency bands, and therefore we ignore intercell interference. Secondly, we model V2V channel. Unlike the former, we consider fast fading for V2V channel as well. The reason is that fast fading is claimed to be more dominant for V2V networks. Next, we investigate the coverage performance of V2V system with respect to the channel model given. Then, we compute the extended service radius for UAV system by the idea of integrating two technologies. For this investigation, we consider four different signal-to-noise (SNR) requirement levels and two different environmental conditions -urban, rural- The most important finding of our study is that it is possible to enlarge overall service radius -by following the idea we propose- by up to 470 m. Also, we conclude that it is possible to find an optimum UAV altitude in order to maximize the performance in terms of coverage.