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Chemical characterization of alcoholic extract of guava leaf ( Psidium guajava ) and its effect as a mobility inhibitor for Escherichia coli O157:H7

The objective was to characterize and determine the mobility inhibitory effect in Escherichia coli O157: H7 of extracts of guava leaves ( Psidium guajava ). New alternatives of natural origin "plant extracts" have been sought to eliminate colonization of pathogenic bacteria in animals and prevent contamination of meat. Guava leaf extract ( Psidium guajava ) has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, due to the active ingredient quercetin. E. coli O157: H7 enterohemorrhagic, is a pathogen of great importance in public health, which can cause hemolytic uremic syndrome, and ruminants are recognized as the main host of E. coli O157: H7. The extract was prepared with guava leaves in 70% ethanol, obtaining a crude extract (Extract A) and a concentrated extract using the soxhlet equipment (Extract B). Its chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography. Nursing ruminants with diarrheal syndrome were sampled, the samples were transported in Stuart medium. The bacteria were isolated in Mac Conkey medium and subsequently seeded in CHROMagar™ 0157 medium for the identification of E. coli O157:H7 . Mobility tests of E. coli O157: H7 were carried out in SIM medium, with guava leaf extract and as a reference, concentrations of carvacrol of 0.3, 1 and 5 mM and quercetin 205, 102 and 51 mM were used. 78 E. coli O157: H7 were identified, which showed inhibition in mobility at different concentrations of carvacrol, in quercetin 205 mM and 102.5 mM and in extracts A and B. It is concluded that the alcoholic extract of guava leaves and its compound in a greater proportion (quercetin) they are effective in inhibiting the mobility of E. coli O157 H7. 1 y 5 mM y quercetina 205, 102 y 51 mM. Se identificaron 78 E. coli O157:H7, las cuales mostraron inhibición en la movilidad a diferentes concentraciones de carvacrol, en quercetina 205 mM y 102.5 mM y en los extractos A y B. Se concluye que el extracto alcohólico de hojas de guayaba y su compuesto en mayor proporción (quercetina) son efectivos en la inhibición de movilidad de E. coli O157 H7.