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P055: Hepatoprotective and anti‐viral efficacy of Acacia mellifera leaves ethanolic‐fractions against hepatitis B virus (HBV)

BACKGROUND: Globally, HBV infection causes a wide spectrum of chronic liver disease. In recent times, herbal and alternative medicines have got special attention in treating human diseases. A wide range of Acacia species, including A. mellifera (AM) has been demonstrated for its therapeutic values against several human metabolic and infectious diseases. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the antioxidant/hepatoprotective and anti-HBV efficacy of AM leaves ethanolic-extract as well as organic-fractions. METHODS: The total ethanolic-extract of AM leaves was prepared and further fractionated with hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and water saturated n-butanol. Ex vivo cytotoxicity test of the extract and fractions were done on cultured HepG2 cells (96-well plate) followed by hepatoprotective activity against DCHF-induced toxicity (MTT Assay). In vivo hepatoprotection of AM extract was studied in CCl4-injured Wistar rats and serum biochemistry and liver histopathology was performed as per standard methods. In vitro qualitative phytochemical screening as well as antioxidant/free-radical scavanging activity of AM extract and fractions was done. Doseand time-dependent antiHBV potential of the fractions were accessed on HepG2.2.15 cells using HBsAg and HBeAg Elisa. RESULTS: Of the AM total extract (IC50: 684 lg/mL) and fractions, the ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions showed the most promising, dose-dependent (100 and 250 lg/mL) hepatoprotection in DCFH (IC50: 100 lg/mL)-toxicated HepG2 cells at 48 h. Oral administration of AM total extract (250 and 500 mg/kg b.w.) for 3 weeks significantly normalized the serum aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoprotein levels, including elevations of tissue non-protein sulphydryl and total protein. Furthermore, the histopathology of dissected rat livers also revealed that AM cured the tissue lesions. The qualitative phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenolic tannins, sterols and saponins. Further, the n-butanol and aqueous fractions exhibited the best inhibitory effects (up to 60%) on HBsAg and HBeAg expressions in doseand time-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: The AM n-butanol fraction exhibited the most promising antioxidant/hepatoprotective as well as anti-HBV activity. Therefore, the therapeutic potential of AM warrants further isolation of the active principle(s) and its phytochemical/biological studies.