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Pattern-Responsive Lexicon Optimization

In this paper, we show that current interpretations of Lexicon Optimization (Prince and Smolensky 1993), in particular that of Archiphonemic Underspecification (Inkelas 1995), incorrectly predict the distribution of underspecific ation in lexical entries. We present cases from three vowel harmony languages in which speakers treat harmonic and disharmonic roots differently under reduplication. The assumption of full specification entails a ranking paradox, which can be resolved if underspecific ation is admitted in certain contexts not predicted by the principles of Lexicon Optimization. We point the way towards an expanded model of Lexicon Optimization that would both allow for and predict such cases of underspecification. Transparency to spreading (or assimilation), susceptibility to spreading, failure to initiate spreading and various other types of behavior prompted analysts working within a derivational model of phonology to hypothesize that certain featural specifications are absent for the relevant segments throughout at least a portion of the phonological derivation. Contrastive Underspecification (Steriade 1987) and Radical