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Measuring Solid-State Drive Behavior

Solid-state drives (SSDs) are a potentially revolutionary new storage technology, but it is not clear that current generation drives are inherently superior to hard disks. In order to understand the performance of these new technologies, we measure two commercial SSDs, one from Intel, the other from Kingston, on a workload of 4K writes to randomized addresses across the entire address space of each drive. Our results reveal that there is a strong difference between a fresh drive’s early performance and its steady-state behavior, with the drive entering steady-state after fewer than 100000 writes. To gain insight into the effect of the flash translation layer (FTL) on drive performance, we use simulation and analytic modeling to investigate FAST, a representative hybrid FTL algorithm.