{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.022780832678711706, 'fraction_numerical': 0.01767478397486253, 'mean_word_length': 4.841743119266055, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Metabolic Rate and Body Temperature Reduction during Hibernation

Hibernation occurs in a number of animals. It is a way to escape unfavorable environmental conditions. An animal that hibernates can hibernate anywhere from a few days to a few weeks. After that set number of days, the animal will wake up for a few hours to raise its body temperature. It will then search for nutrition and then continue hibernation until the conditions are optimal. When hibernation occurs, there is a drop in both metabolic rate and body temperature. The severity of the drop depends upon the length of hibernation and the body mass of that particular animal. Recently, it was found that the reduction of body temperature does affect the metabolic rate in addition to other inhibitory mechanisms. However, it has also been found that metabolic rate, once affected by temperature, will affect the temperature during hibernation as a regulatory control. The reduction of the metabolic rate and body temperature occurs as an energy saving mechanism during unfavorable conditions. With metabolic rates lowered, the animal can remain asleep and not eat for up to 7 months (Geiser 2004). This is attributed to the fat reserves that the animal generates prior to hibernation (Geiser 2004). With the body temperature being maintained lower than normal, an animal can save the energy that would be needed to boost temperatures to normal. The energy to raise body temperature comes from metabolic pathways. With these pathways still on but reduced an animal can remain in hibernation longer at a lower temperature and still save the energy produced. However along with the continued metabolic rates comes the continual production of waste that must be removed (Geiser 1988). Due to the production of waste an animal must wake up a few times during hibernation for about 24 hours to relive itself of that waste (Geiser 1988). During hibernation both the metabolic rate and body temperature fall drastically. Typically the body temperature is reduced from 32°C-42°C to-3°C-30°C and the metabolic rate is reduced by 5-30% of the basal metabolic rate (Geiser 2004). As the animal enters hibernation the body temperature Tb falls due to thermal inertia (Geiser 2004). The Tb falls drastically below the thermoneutral zone (TMZ) which is the normal body temperature level of the animal (Geiser 2004). This low body temperature signals to the metabolic pathways through enzymes to reduce the metabolic rate of the animal (Geiser 2004). The intensity of the reduced temperature …