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E-DIR: a directional routing protocol for VANETs in a city traffic environment

In this paper, we examine the significance of position-based routing using edge nodes for forwarding the data in a vehicular ad hoc network. This approach minimises the path length by minimising the number of hops between source and destination vehicles. The proposed protocol is called edge node-based directional routing (E-DIR) since it uses edge nodes with DIR. A mathematical analysis has been presented to determine the number of successful hops between source and destination. We have simulated the protocol using MATLAB. The simulation results clearly show that the average number of successful hops for E-DIR is significantly higher than DIR. Further, the simulations also reveal that E-DIR performs better than DIR for high density vehicular traffic environment.