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Processing Views of Remembering

The chapter describes and discusses previous accounts that viewed human memory as an activity of mind. These include members of the “Act Psychology School” and other early psychologists described by Boring (1950). The theoretical ideas of James (1890) and Bartlett (1932) are described and discussed, especially as emphasized in Bartlett’s 1932 classic book, Remembering: A Study in Experimental and Social Psychology. The notions associated with “activity theory” in Soviet psychology are outlined, and the studies in educational psychology deriving from these theories are described. The relevance of Hebb’s theory of cell assemblies is pointed out, as is the congenial work of James Jenkins and his students in the 1960s and 1970s. These latter studies are a clear forerunner of later experiments in the levels of processing tradition. Finally, Robert Crowder’s views on proceduralism are summarized and discussed.