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The Arabs of Israel After Oslo: Localization of the National Struggle

THE 1990S SIGNIFIED THE BEGINNING of a new era in Jewish-Arab relations in Israel, and constituted a change engendered both by internal developments in Arab society and by external developments in relations between Israel and its Arab and Palestinian neighbors. Internal change in the political and socioeconomic spheres during this period was prompted essentially by a generational shift that introduced not only new leadership and the consolidation of representative institutions and political pluralism, but also economic hardship and a widening gap between Jews and Arabs which were the products of a discriminatory and evasive government policy. At the same time, a historic turning point occurred externally-the start of a political process toward reconciliation between Israel and the Arab world and negotiations for peace between Israel and the Palestinians. These developments had far-reaching implications for the political and national world of the Arabs in Israel and marked a substantive turning point in the nature of the tie between Jews and Arabs within the Green Line. It would appear that while negotiations with the Palestinians were intended to bring about a solution to the territorial conflict created in 1967, an unintentional by-product was a gradual disintegration of the old pattern of minority-majority relations forged in 1948 with the establishment of the State of Israel.