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Synthesis of Stable Polypyrrole and Polyaniline Nanospheres

One of the major obstacles associated with the synthesis of conducting polymer nanoparticles in water is their unstable nature, which is traditionally overcome through the use of soft or hard templates. Such methods use expensive surfactants, often in large amounts, and require the removal of the template, which adds complexity, expense, and environmental hazard. This study explores a facile, one-pot synthesis of stable polypyrrole and polyaniline nanospheres in water that uses ozone as the oxidant. Multiple variables were investigated in order to study the mechanism of this reaction, including monomer concentration, ozone exposure time, reaction temperature, pH, and the solvent system. Particle size measurements revealed that the size of the nanospheres, ranging from 50 nm to 500 nm in diameter, can be controlled via these reaction conditions. These self-stabilizing nanospheres were also characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and zeta potential.