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Cooperative IoV environment for a decentralized and scalable ITS system

In this paper, the attention is focused on the design of a decentralized Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) architecture in an Internet of Vehicle (IoV) environment. Introducing several independent Fog nodes, it is possible to take advantages of their computational properties for decreasing latency of the Centralized ITS Systems. Thus, a micro area controlled system is achieved. In this way, it will be possible to quickly and easily redesign ITS strategies. In this work, data coming from IoV layers are locally analyzed for checking anomalies by adopting mining algorithm. If something is going wrong, fog nodes locally face off the anomaly by taking a decision on incoming vehicle flow rates by choosing to limit or to completely block incoming traffic. In this work, we propose a cooperative strategy among decentralized ITS nodes for increasing safety and comfort of the drivers along their journeys. When local ITS policies fail, we propose a cooperative mechanism to find a macro-area optimized strategy. ITS node which detects issue will assume the role of master. Instead, neighbor fog nodes are involved by assuming the role of slave. Master node will decide policies and the slave node will apply these policies in the pertinent area. When issue is solved, the partnership is declared finished by the master. Each node returns master of their area. Moreover, this architecture is also based on a customized protocol for the IoV layer where Vehicle-to-Everythings (V2X) communications are optimized for assuring a good throughput and reducing interference.