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The effect of Giromatic files on the preparation shape of severely curved canals.

Summary. Two hundred simulated, curved canals with a standardized curvature of 45° were made in clear resin blocks. The blocks were randomly distributed into five groups of 40 each and were prepared using five different instruments, two of which were used in a Giromatic handpiece (Dynatrak and Giro Trio-Cut) and three were hand-operated (Unifile, Trio-Cut and Hedstrom files). All blocks were prepared using the same technique. Evaluation of the prepared canals was done after instrumenting with sizes 25, 30 and 35 to check for procedural errors such as zip, ledge, perforation, hourglass appearance, or broken instrument. Diameters of the prepared canals were also measured after preparation with a size 35 file at four different levels: 1,2,4 and 8mm, from the apex in order to evaluate the taper of the prepared canals. The time needed for each type of instrument to complete the preparation was also recorded. Comparing hand and Giromatic files of the same design showed: (i) no significant difference in number of defects except at size 35 between hand and Giro Trio-Cut files; (ii) Giromatic files produced wider apical preparations; (iii) hand instrumentation produced a more flared preparation; and (iv) no significant difference in instrumentation time. Hedstrom files showed less defects and more taper, and took less time in preparation of all the instruments evaluated in this study.