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Security Mechanisms for Selective Forwarding Attack in Wireless Sensor Networks: Review and Analysis

Wireless Sensor Networks have emerged as technology of the 21st century and provide powerful combination of distributed sensing, computing and communication. With its growing application areas, particularly in mission-critical applications such as military monitoring systems and battlefield surveillance, security has become an important need in order to protect the sensitive data involved. This necessity of effective and efficient security techniques to secure sensor networks has attracted a great deal of researchers' attention making it hot research area in the recent years. Among the number of attacks on the sensor network, the Selective Forwarding attack, alias Grayhole attack, is a serious and hard-to-detect security attack that can render the network useless if left undetected. In this attack, the main goal of the attacker is to prevent the important sensitive data from reaching the base station. To achieve this goal, the malicious node selectively drops certain packets, based on some chosen criteria, and forwards the remaining. The attack becomes more effective when the attacker includes itself on the path of data flow. This paper intent to give an overview and analysis of existing approaches to counter selective forwarding attack in wireless sensor networks.