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Reduction of Measuring Items; Contemporary Issue in Assessing Internal Consistency

This paper discusses principal component analysis (PCA) as an underlying factor reduction and as a complex, sequential variable reduction procedure in measuring and evaluating internal consistency of measuring instrument. This review paper provides theoretically and practical contemporary-issues on PCA and factor analysis, variable redundancy illustration, concepts of principal component, number of meaningful component to retain, and factor analysis extraction method in multivariate analysis. This paper collects in one review article information for researchers and practitioners in understanding the subject matter in further simplification of steps in multivariate analysis.