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Energy Balance Model for Providing Mechanistic Insights Into HTV and LSR Performance in Inclined Plane Tests

Silicone rubber (SR) is widely used in external insulation. However, the utilization of either high-temperature vulcanized (HTV) SR or liquid SR (LSR) remains controversial in China because of their differences in tracking and erosion resistance and aging resistance due to various amounts of nonreinforcing fillers. Here, the tracking and erosion behaviors of HTV and LSR during the inclined plane test (IPT) are captured and compared for a detailed comprehension of the difference between the two materials. The results revealed that LSR was easily carbonized and formed electrical tracks initially. Then, the carbonization slowed because of developing a protective ceramic layer. The relatively stable ceramic layer resulted in less frequent rapid erosion but increased the average arc burning time. An energy balance model of dry-band arcing (DBA) was established to evaluate DBA’s energy dissipation and absorption. Then, the emission spectra of DBA were collected to analyze the arc temperature and resistance more accurately. The energy input from the system is dissipated primarily through heating and evaporation of the liquid film, with radiant energy only accounting for a minuscule fraction. In different erosion states, the power absorbed by the surface of samples is different. LSR shows an average absorption power of 19.9 W in the initial carbonization state, which is higher than that of HTV (16.5 W). The average absorption power in the fast erosion state is the same for both samples at about 30 W. The absorption power at 20–25 W is considered the threshold range of relatively stable erosion.