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Sublimation from snow packs in Toiyabe National Forest, Nevada and Dixie National Forest, Utah

A study was conducted to measure sublimation rates and concurrent meteorological parameters on snow packs at Kyle Canyon, Nevada; Brian Head, Utah; and Lee Canyon, Nevada. Over 730 individual gravimetric measurements were made using snow lysimeters and over 16,500 individual meteorological measurements were taken. The measured sublimation rates averaged 0.438 mm/day, 0.757 mm/day, and 0.586 mm/day for each site respectively, with a combined average of 0.647 mm/day for all sites. There was little or no correlation between measured sublimation rates and meteorological measurements with the exception of Kyle Canyon. However, the data set from Kyle Canyon was the most limited o f the sites and may have produced spurious correlations. The Thomthwaite and Holzman equation was used to calculate sublimation values for each site, predicting average sublimation rates that were less than half o f the measured values. The calculated sublimation rate averaged 0.281 mm/day for all sites and, excepting Kyle Canyon data, correlated poorly with measured values. Calculated sublimation rates from an empirical equation proposed by Avery et al. (1992) were correlated with the averaged measured rates at eleven field sites including the three sites in this study, giving a correlation value of 0.775. The measured sublimation rates from this study were within the range o f sublimation rates observed by other researchers. Sublimation was shown to be responsible for a significant amount of water-equivalent loss from snow packs.