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APOE ε4 allele, age, and duration of unconsciousness were associated with unfavourable outcomes in traumatic brain injury

Main results Patients who were unconscious for > 7 days were more likely to have an APOE å4 allele (78% v 38%, p = 0.001). Fewer patients with an APOE å4 allele had a good outcome than those without such an allele (4% v 31%, p = 0.006, odds ratio [OR] 0.1, 95% CI 0.0 to 0.7). More patients with an APOE å4 allele had dysarthria (63% v 33%, p = 0.02, OR 3.4, CI 1.1 to 10.7). No statistically significant associations existed between the presence of an APOE å4 allele and independence in ADL, behavioural abnormalities, severe cognitive abnormalities, dysarthria, or epilepsy. In multivariate analysis, the independent risk factors for an unfavourable outcome were the presence of an APOE å4 allele (p = 0.02), increasing age (p = 0.01), and being unconscious for > 7 days (p = 0.02) (table).