{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.02364864864864865, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 4.926666666666667, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Preprint of Graph Construction: Setting the Range of the Y‐Axis by Jessica Witt (Under review at Meta-Psychology)

Graphs are an effective and compelling way to present scientific results. With few rigid guidelines, researchers have many degrees‐of‐freedom regarding graph construction. One such choice is the range of the y‐axis. A range set just beyond the data will bias readers to see all effects as big. Conversely, a range set to the full range of options will bias readers to see all effects as small.Researchers should maximize congruence between visual size of an effect and the actual size of the effect. To achieve congruency in scientific fields for which effects are standardized, the y‐axis range should be a function of the standard deviation. This improved graph comprehension by increasing sensitivity and reducing bias relative to the other options for the y‐axis range.