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The Present Age: the Age of the City

The paper uses the category of 'the city' as a means of highlighting the logic of the connections between different aspects of Kierkegaard's critique of modernity, as that is articulated in Λ Literary Review. It also serves to bring to the fore both the continuities and the discontinuities between Kierkegaard's critical approach and the more eirenic approaches of Mme Gyllembourg and J.L. Heiberg. Taking its cue from the novel, the paper begins with the significance of Tlvoli, before moving on to the phenomena of public and press, and the role of Christian typology in forming Kierkegaard's negative view of the present age. In the summer of 1844, Charles Lusard returns after many years to Copenhagen in order to find one he calls 'a person after my own heart', whom he can make his heir. A lot has changed since he last saw the capital, in the far-off days when he was a student, and his first impression is of a city that has increased extraordinarily in liveliness and pleasantness. The popular life that had newly awoken and that manifested itself on the avenues and streets, the swarm of people which he encountered as he was entering the city itself, streaming out of its western gate, the resonating music and shining lights of Tivoli's illuminated alleyways and gondolas that greeted him, put him in the gayest of moods and filled his heart with joyful expectation. (Ibid.) 'Modernity' is not just a term we use to denote a certain period of history, a segment of the time-scale on which we locate ourselves. It 1 Forfatteren til Έη Hverdags-Historie' [T. Gyllembourg-Ehrensv rd] To Tidsaldre in Skrifter, ed. by J.L. Heiberg, vol. 11, Copenhagen 1851, p. 130. Further references are given to TT in the text.