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γδ T cells and Foxp3(+) Treg cells infiltration in children with biliary atresia and its significance.

To investigate the changes in the proportion of γδ T cells and Foxp3(+) Treg cells in children with BA (biliary atresia). The distribution of γδ T cells in the liver tissues and the proportion of γδ T cells and Foxp3(+) Treg cells were observed and detected in BA Group (32 cases) and control group (CG) (12 cases) by using immunohistochemical methods and flow cytometry. The periportal bile duct of liver in BA Group was surrounded by a large number of γδ T cells and a certain degree of Foxp3(+) Treg cells infiltration. Additionally, the proportion of γδ T cells and Foxp3(+) Treg cells was significantly higher than that in CG (P<0.05). And significantly negative correlation was revealed in the proportion of γδ T cells and Foxp3(+) Treg cells (P<0.05). The increase of γδ T cells or inhibition of Foxp3(+) Treg cell proliferation in liver tissues of patients with biliary atresia exacerbated the progressive inflammatory injury of bile ducts.