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Spinoza, Liberalism, and the Question of Jewish Identity (review)

quantity, but it could also support principles ofhuman dignity, compassion, and respect for the autonomous choices of persons endowed by God with free will. Some utilize these principles to support decidedly liberal positions, including active euthanasia. Furthermore, many bioethicists criticize methodologies that simply deduce conclusions from principles, arguing that such methodologies yield results that are tyrannically blunt or uselessly vague. There is a need to specify and balance principles in the complex contexts of life. Analysis of normative issues requires the same careful attention that Newman devotes to concepts and methodology. Some limitations may reflect the scope of the book, and the fact that a pathbreaking work such as this is bound to have some aspects not yet fully developed. No single work can deal thoroughly with all aspects of Jewish ethics. In illuminating the complex connections among religious beliefs, ethical methodology, and substantive norms, the volume offers an invaluable contribution. Aaron L. Mackler Department of Theology Duquesne University