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Epidemiology of abortions in Russia.


 In Russia, the fact that many women consider abortion their main or only effective means of fertility regulation has led to prevailing high rates of abortion. A pilot study was undertaken, therefore, to determine why this situation exists and how to decrease the incidence of abortion. Physicians gathered data using a standardized questionnaire administered during interviews with 352 women (221 from Moscow and 131 from rural areas) who had just had an abortion. Most women were employed in the labor force as were most husbands (partners) and parents of the women. Most of the women reported early first coitus, and 49% were married before age 20. More than 80% of the women had children, but only a third of all previous pregnancies had been carried to term. Most abortions occurred because women were worried about their ability to afford another child or about their health status or that of their husband. In fact, approximately 40% of the women presented with inflammatory diseases and infections of the vulva, vagina, uterus, or adnexes. Most women received their first contraceptive counseling after their first delivery or abortion, but only 30% of urban women and 18% of the rural women were using modern contraceptives (condoms) at the time of the unwanted conception. Most women received their information about contraceptives from the mass media, from medical personnel, or from friends although they indicated they would have preferred to have received sex education in school. Most women decided on their own to have an abortion, and 76% experienced psychological pain in conjunction with the procedure. However, 42.3% indicated they would resort to abortion in the future. This study concluded that the Ministry of Health should make provision of information on contraception a priority.
