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A Review of Magnetomotive Force Harmonic Reduction Methods Based on Winding Structure Optimization for Fractional Slot Concentrated Windings in AC Electrical Machines

One of the main limitations of fractional slot concentrated windings (FSCWs) used in alternating-current (AC) electrical machines is the abundance of magnetomotive force (MMF) harmonics. These undesirable harmonics will arouse a series of harmful effects, such as losses, vibration and noises. A comprehensive review of the latest researches on the suppression of MMF harmonics in terms of optimizing the winding structure is presented in this paper. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of each concept are assessed.