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A Survey on the Effects of Human Blockage on the Performance of mm Wave Communication Systems

Human blockage is one of the key challenges that limit the ability of mm Wave communications to provide ultra-high data rate and ultra-low latency links, thus severely reducing the quality-of-service (QoS) experienced by the users. In this paper, we present the most common human body blockage models, which are used in blockage analysis to predict the level of attenuation caused by the human body to mm Wave signals. Moreover, the main parameters of human blockage which affect the received signal are discussed, while the effect of blockage on the received signal and network coverage is analyzed. Finally, we provide insights to potential solutions that overcome human blockage, in order to further improve the overall performance of mm Wave communications.