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Translation and validation of oral health impact profile-14 questionnaire into Indian sign language for hearing-impaired individuals.

OBJECTIVES
To translate and cross-culturally adapt the oral health impact profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire into Indian sign language (ISL) using a video format and to evaluate its psychometric properties.


METHODS
The study was conducted among hearing-impaired individuals attending the National Institute of Speech and Hearing, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. The OHIP-14 was translated to ISL in a video format. The content validity and face validity were assessed. The final questionnaire was renamed as OHIP-12 ISL and was administered on 120 hearing-impaired individuals. Oral health indicators, OHIP-12 ISL scores, and a single-item global question (GQ) scores were used for construct validity assessment. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were assessed using Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation (ICC) coefficient. Discriminant validity was assessed by comparing OHIP-12 ISL scores with oral health indicators by using Mann-Whitney U test and Fischer's exact test. Convergent validity was assessed by correlating OHIP-12 ISL scores with GQ scores and oral health indicators by using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.


RESULTS
The OHIP-12 ISL demonstrated high Cronbach's alpha (α = 0.80). Average ICC coefficient was 0.98 (0.97-0.99) and demonstrated acceptable construct validity.


CONCLUSIONS
Translated and culturally adapted OHIP-12 ISL is a valid and reliable instrument to measure the OHRQoL among hearing impaired in India.