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[The effect of long-acting radiation on the diversity of heterotrophic bacteria in the soils of a 10-kilometer area around the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station].

The catastrophe at Chernobyl Atomic Power Station (ChAPS) of 1986 has created a natural model for studying the after-effects of prolonged action of radiation on the biota. Our work is aimed to estimate the variability of heterotrophic bacteria in the soil of 10-km zone of ChAPS which have formed as affected by prolonged action of radiation, as well as to create the corresponding collection of bacteria. Microbiological analysis of soils was carried out in 1993-1994 (in spring, summer, autumn), allowing for bacteria destroying different organic substance (in soil). It is shown that in the surface layer of soils (at the depth of 0-2 cm) the total number of cells of heterotrophic bacteria as well as the number of found species of bacteria is considerably less than in the control samples. Atypical distribution of bacteria in the soil profile was established. Indices of the species diversity of bacteria in these soils permit one to consider that microbe content of soil of the 10-km zone of the ChAPS has become considerably less after the disaster at the ChAPS in 1986 and has not recovered by 1993. A collection of various physiological groups of bacteria including representatives of Methylobacterium genus has been created. They have been isolated from the soils of 10-km zone of the ChAPS for following genetic investigations.