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Cost-effective characterization of dissipative loss of printed circuit board traces

Determining how to accurately estimate and control the loss of a channel is critical to the success of the design of a high-speed I/O link. As Printed circuit boards (PCB) continue to be a key ingredient of a computer system design, the cost-effective characterization of the PCB materials and the measurement of the loss PCB traces in a given stackup have become a necessary step in the computer design cycle. In this paper, the measurement methods for the PCB trace loss are discussed and compared. A cost-effective method, namely Delta-L, is introduced and analyzed in detail. The method has been widely applied in the loss characterization of PCB traces in the server computer system designs. The simulation and measurement results are presented to show the effectiveness and accuracy of the method.