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Analysis of Perceptions of Driver Abilities and Behaviors in Urban Transportation with Respect to Gender Identity

Purpose 
Gender inequality is a significant social problem of urban transportation planning. In this context, the main purpose of this study is to determine the stereotypes about the genders of drivers in Turkey. Additionally, the study also aims to reveal the relationship between the talents and behaviors of drivers and gender perceptions.
Design/Methodology/Approach 
This study used a hybrid model which allows the use of qualitative and quantitative methods together. The survey method and focus group meetings were utilized at the stage of data collection. In the study, the quota sampling method was applied. The sample consisted of 1239 participants who lived in the province of Konya in Turkey, had a driver's license, drove more than 10 minutes a day and were between 18 and 68 years old. The questionnaires presented to the participants consisted of three parts. The first part included items on the demographic structure of the sample and driving information, the second part included the female driver evaluation form, and the third part included the male driver evaluation form. These driver evaluation forms were prepared as Likert-type scales in the form of a 37-item sets of perception/bias created by benefiting from the literature and focus group interviews.
Findings 
Men are perceived more positively in terms of vehicle maintenance and driving ability. It is stated that female drivers have more positive driving behaviors than male drivers. The participants who are female, university graduates or whose spouse drives the car have biases that are significantly free from gendered role attitudes.
Research Limitations/Implications 
The fact that the study was conducted only in a sample from Konya and the small number of focus groups that were interviewed constituted the limitations of the study.
Social/Practical Implications 
Gender inequality is a significant social problem of urban transportation planning. To achieve social integration and utilize urban services more effectively, it is needed to try to eliminate prejudices/negative perceptions towards gender in traffic.
Originality/Value
This study, where determination of stereotypes regarding the gender of drivers and driver perceptions were focused on, is significant especially in terms of the literature in Turkish and has a unique value.