{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.02679830747531735, 'fraction_numerical': 0.01692524682651622, 'mean_word_length': 4.987341772151899, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 3, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
[Noninvasive, accurate and reliable measurement of cervical spine motion with a 3D real-time ultrasound motion analyzer].

AIMS
The kinematic analysis of cervical spine motion is important to assess objectively the effects of therapeutic interventions. In this study, precision and reliability of a 3D ultrasound motion analyser was determined. Using this tool the physiologic range of movement of healthy volunteers was assessed. The aim was to test the clinical practicability of this system.


METHODS
The active and passive cervical spine range of motion of 20 healthy volunteers with a mean age of 23 years (range 19-28 years) was determined using a CMS 3D ultrasound realtime motion analyser (Zebris Medizintechnik, Tübingen, Germany). Precision was assessed by comparison with a precision goniometer. Two observers determined the inter-rater and retest reliability and the Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated.


RESULTS
The maximum measurement difference between CMS and precision goniometer was 0.6 degree. Inter-rater- and retest reliability correlated significantly (0.84 < r < 0.96, p < 0.001). The range of motion found by the CMS corresponded well with motion values determined using other devices.


CONCLUSIONS
The range of motion of the cervical spine can be assessed accurately and reliably using a 3D ultrasound motion analyser. The CMS motion analyser is suitable for clinical practice.