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[Evaluation of meniscal morphology and relation between the diagnostic findings of magnetic resonance imaging and arthroscopy in lesions of the knee].

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful in the diagnosis of meniscal lesions of the knee. The purpose of this study was to relate the findings of MRI and arthroscopy and to evaluate the morphology of the menisci with tears. 39 patients of both genders were included, whose age range was 13 to 74 years old (mean: 42.6 years), with and without a history of trauma, who underwent MRI and arthroscopy of the knee, due to symptoms of articular lesion. The images of magnetic resonances were analyzed independently by two specialists prior to the arthroscopy. The measurements of the medial and lateral menisci were made in each meniscal horn with sagital images in protonic density and fat-suppression. MRI detected 8 cases of tear of the lateral meniscus of the 11 catalogued by arthroscopy, and 11 cases of tears of the medial meniscus of the 13 catalogued by arthroscopy. The sensibility and specificity of MRI for the lateral meniscal tears were 72% and 100%, and for the medial tears were 85% and 89%. The meniscal tears were localized mainly in the posterior horn. The dimensions of the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus were larger in disrupted menisci (height, 7.1 +/- 1.3 mm vs. 6.1 +/- 0.7 mm, p < .05; wide, 10.2 +/- 1.6 mm vs. 8.8 +/- 1.3 mm, p < 0.05). A meniscal tear produces morphological changes, particularly in the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus. Magnetic resonance constitutes the imaging technique of choice for the diagnosis of the meniscal tears.