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Antenna pairing for highly efficient wireless power transmission in the reactive near‐field region based on mutual coupled impedance compensation

This study presents the design of an antenna pair for short-distance wireless power transmission (WPT) in the reactive near-field (NF) region. Instead of designing each antenna alone to achieve good reflection coefficients, the transmitting (TX) and receiving (RX) antennas as a pair are designed to maximise the transmission coefficients. Thus, the antenna pair can mutually compensate the impedance mismatching caused by the coupling between them to enhance energy transfer efficiency. Based on this concept, the developed RX antenna, a key component of rectennas, has a dual functionality to retain relatively stable reflection coefficients when it is moved far away from the NF TX antenna, for example, to pair with other conventional far-field WPT TX antennas with larger separation distances. The electromagnetic field and energy transfer characteristics, as well as system experiments, are presented to validate the design.