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Book Review: Kristina E. Gibson, Street Kids: Homeless Youth, Outreach, and Policing New York’s Streets

between migrants (or trafficked women) and non-migrants working in third party controlled prostitution. She also focuses on poverty in an innovative fashion. She advises not to view poverty merely in economic terms, which often portrays women as helpless victims of globalization. She believes that poverty influences women’s subjectivities. The women in Andrijasevec’s study report poverty as the main reason for migrating. The women said that they needed money to care for their family in the beginning of their narratives. They evoked a sort of martyrdom. This is important because it plays into gender and sexuality norms. Women used the notion of poverty to justify being prostitutes (being the bad girl). By making money, they were actually good girls. They were mothers and daughters providing selflessly for their family. Women create subjectivities by both embracing and rejecting gender and sexuality norms. It is through these negotiations that the self emerges. This analysis also begins to challenge the gender and sexuality binaries that the trafficking rhetoric emulates. As you can see, there are three main themes emerging from this book that serve as significant contributions to the field. First, EU policies and border restrictions exploit migrants. Second, sex trafficking discourse, which identifies women solely as victims, is doing more harm than good. Legislation that is aimed at suppressing trafficking strips women of their agency and actually creates more exploitation. Lastly, gender and sexuality norms play a key role in the migrant women’s subjectivities. Of course, what we do not see in this book are accounts of women who have been kidnapped, tricked or coerced. Fleetingly Andrijasevec does mention one woman who was tricked and trafficked, but a full analysis of that circumstance is not given. Without coupling stories of sex slaves alongside the stories of willing migrants we are unable to see the entire spectrum of sex trafficking. By highlighting the subjectivities of women we are able to look at the structural inequalities that are creating situations of exploitation for migrant women. Andrijasevec does an excellent job in her analysis by giving credence to the agency women have and by not falling into the trafficking rhetoric. She challenges the binaries within gender and prostitution, leaving the reader with a better understanding of subject formation.