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Treatment of Carpal and Digital Ganglions by Simple Aspiration, or Aspiration and Injection of Corticosteroid And/Or Hyaluronidase

This retrospective study examined the treatment outcome of 178 carpal and digital ganglion cysts by simple aspiration or aspiration and injection of corticosteroid (triamcinolone acetonide 40 mg/mL) and/or hyaluronidase in 174 patients between 1987 and 1995. A total of 106 ganglions were treated with aspiration and triamcinolone acetonide injection; the cumulative cure rates were 45.3%, 50.0% and 53.8% following one, two or three treatments, respectively. The cure rates were similar in 23 ganglions in the hyaluronidase group: 43.5%, 52.2% and 56.5%, respectively. Seventeen of the 23 ganglions treated with a combination of triamcinolone acetonide and hyaluronidase recurred, yielding success rates of 17.4% and 26.1% following two or three treatments, respectively. Twenty-six ganglions were treated with simple aspiration. Of these, 23 were volar digital ganglions. The success rates were 61.5% and 69.2% following one or two treatments, respectively. The overall success rate was 94 of 178 (52.8%) after a maximum of three treatments, regardless of the type of treatment and the anatomical location of the ganglions. This study provided baseline data following nonoperative management of ganglions; the data can be compared with those from a planned prospective randomized clinical trial involving the use of rolitetracycline as a sclerosing agent, which is currently under review by the Ethics Committee at the authors’ institution.