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Classification and Regression of Music Lyrics: Emotionally-Significant Features

This research addresses the role of lyrics in the music emotion recognition process. Our approach is based 
 
on several state of the art features complemented by novel stylistic, structural and semantic features. To 
 
evaluate our approach, we created a ground truth dataset containing 180 song lyrics, according to Russellâs 
 
emotion model. We conduct four types of experiments: regression and classification by quadrant, arousal 
 
and valence categories. Comparing to the state of the art features (ngrams - baseline), adding other features, 
 
including novel features, improved the F-measure from 68.2%, 79.6% and 84.2% to 77.1%, 86.3% and 
 
89.2%, respectively for the three classification experiments. To study the relation between features and 
 
emotions (quadrants) we performed experiments to identify the best features that allow to describe and 
 
discriminate between arousal hemispheres and valence meridians. To further validate these experiments, we 
 
built a validation set comprising 771 lyrics extracted from the AllMusic platform, having achieved 73.6% F- 
 
measure in the classification by quadrants. Regarding regression, results show that, comparing to similar 
 
studies for audio, we achieve a similar performance for arousal and a much better performance for valence.