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Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Cancer Therapy: The 2015 Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award.

The 2015 Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award has been presented to James P. Allison, PhD, for pioneering work in enabling T cells of the immune system to attack cancer cells by removing “checkpoints” that normally inhibit T-cell activity. This Viewpoint provides a summary of these discoveries involving regulationoftheT-cellresponse,developmentofimmunecheckpoint blockade in cancer therapy, and implications of engaging the immune response as a new modality for cancer treatment.