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An efficient two‐factor authentication protocol based on elliptic curve cryptosystem with provable security

With the gradual penetration of computers and communication networks into people's lives, more and more people begin to pay attention to the information security. Key agreement protocol provides identity authentication for participants in communication system and generates a temporary session key for participants to encrypt messages. Recently, Wang et al designed an authentication and key agreement (AKA) protocol based elliptic curve cryptosystem and proved that their scheme can resist various known attacks. In this article, we analyze the security of their scheme and demonstrate that it is vulnerable to the temporary factor leakage attacks and insider attacks. Then, based on the elliptic curve public key cryptographic algorithm, we design a secure anonymous two‐factor user AKA protocol. And we use the well‐known random oracle model (ROM) and traditional heuristic discussion to prove the security of the proposed protocol. By comparing with several existing protocols based on public key cryptography algorithm, it is found that this protocol is more secure and efficient. The security analysis shows that the protocol designed in this article can meet all kinds of security requirements and consumes the less computing resources on users and servers, and is especially suitable for the scenarios with high security and efficiency requirements.