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J. C. Friedman (Ed.) (2011). The Routledge History of the Holocaust

Texts on the Holocaust are probably more numerous than on any other topic in contemporary history. That said, there are few individual scholars who have attempted a comprehensive survey of all aspects of the topic; Raul Hilberg, Lucy Dawidowicz, Yehuda Bauer, Doris Bergen and Saul Friedlander being honourable exceptions. In this edited collection, Jonathan Friedland attempts to collate a series of short essays written by acknowledged specialists in the field such as Christopher Browning, Sybille Steinbacher and Helen Fein to name but three. The book consists of fortytwo substantive chapters divided into five sections. The first deals with the Nazi takeover in Germany and the persecution of the Jews before 1939, the second covers the racial war in Poland and the Soviet Union, and the third surveys the implementation of the final solution in Europe. This is followed by two further sections on victims, bystanders and rescuers, and on the Holocaust in law, culture and memory. Each chapter averages between ten and twelve pages, but this leads to some imbalances, with Browning being given twelve pages to discuss the origins of the final solution while a chapter on the Jehovah’s Witnesses commands some sixteen pages. Similarly, a single chapter covers the deportations from France, Belgium and the Netherlands while Norway has a whole chapter to itself. While this latter analysis can develop arguments related to the topics as a whole, others can only summarise or provide limited coverage. For example, the chapter on rescuers has to encompass the myriad individual motivations involved through stories culled from those who survived, and also provide a basic comparison of two states, Denmark and Bulgaria, where Jews were protected by the state or concerted action by the population. Other victim groups are also represented here, suggesting a wider conception of the Holocaust than is sometimes accepted. There are chapters on the persecution of gays and lesbians, Sinti and Roma, and the aforementioned Jehovah’s Witnesses. Each provides a worthwhile overview of the arguments and scholarship on these topics to date. All the chapters have been specially commissioned and represent a concerted attempt to provide a comprehensive overview of topics generally