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Care of the HBV positive mother and her infant.

The paper reviews current knowledge about hepatitis B and by deduction, identified nursing care measures which reduce the risk of transmission in the hospital and home setting. Infants infected perinatally with hepatitis B frequently become chronic carriers of the disease and are at risk for developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma later in life. Immunization of the neonate can prevent development of the carrier state in most infants. Responsibilities of perinatal health care providers include identification of carrier mothers, prompt institution of immunoprophylaxis for the neonate, and prevention of hepatitis B transmission to others within the hospital environment.