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Smooth Transitioning of Wind Turbine Operation between Region II and Region III with Adaptive Disturbance Tracking Control

In large wind turbines, direct switching between Region II and Region III controllers lacks smooth operation while moving from one region to another. The Transition Region is a region between Region II and Region III which ensures this smoothness of operation and achieves the rated generator torque at rated speed while switching Region III controller. In this paper, we use the theory of Adaptive Disturbance Tracking Control (ADTC) with wind speed and partial state estimation, and state feedback to achieve this goal. To ensure the rated torque while switching to Region III when wind speed increases from below rated to rated value, the generator torque is varied linearly with the generator speed, whereas to achieve rated generator speed at Region III, the tracking ratio (Q) is linearly adapted based on the estimated wind speed. The proposed scheme is implemented and simulated on the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)'s 5 MW onshore wind turbine model.