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Incident Trichomonas vaginalis Is Associated With Partnership Concurrency: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

Background Sexual partner concurrency (PC) has been shown to be a risk factor for a number of sexually transmitted infections but it is unknown if it is a risk factor for Trichomonas vaginalis (TV). Objective We assess if there is an association between PC and incident TV infection. Study Design We used mixed effects logistic regression to assess the association between PC and incident TV in the Longitudinal Study of Vaginal Flora, a cohort study of 3620 women followed quarterly for 5 visits. Results Trichomonas vaginalis was more common in those reporting definite/possible/unknown PC (15.6%/15.0%/18.3%) than those reporting no PC (5.2%; P < 0.001 for all 3 comparisons). After controlling for a range of confounders, incident TV remained associated with reporting that one's partner definitely (adjusted odds ratio, 5.4; 95% confidence interval, 3.7–8.0) and possibly (adjusted odds ratio, 3.4; 95% confidence interval, 2.2–5.1) engaged in PC in the preceding period. Conclusions Partner concurrency was associated with incident TV infection.