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Bio-based solid electrolytes bearing cyclic carbonates for solid-state lithium metal batteries.

Green resources for lithium-based batteries excite many researchers due to their eco-friendly nature. In this work, we report on a sustainable bio-based solid-state electrolyte based on carbonated soybean oil (CSBO) obtained by organocatalyzed coupling of CO2 to epoxidized soybean oil. CSBO coupled with lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt on a bio-based cellulose separator resulted in free standing membranes. Those membranes on electrochemical measurements exhibit ionic conductivity of ~ 10-3 S cm-1 at 100 ºC and ~10-6 S cm-1 at room temperature with wide electrochemical stability window (up to 4.6 V vs. Li/Li+), transference number up to 0.39 at RT. Further investigations on the galvanostatic charge-discharge of LiFePO4 cathodes with CSBO-based electrolyte membranes and lithium metal anodes, deliver the gravimetric capacity of 112 mAh g-1 and 157 mAh g-1 at RT and 60 oC, respectively, providing a promising direction to further develop bio-based solid electrolytes for a sustainable solid-state lithium batteries.