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Victorian vegetable growers’ estimates of the incidence of downy mildew on brassica crops, crop losses and fungicidal control

Victorian vegetable growers were surveyed by mail-out questionnaires to quantify the importance of brassica downy mildew in 1992. Of the 59 respondents, 41 (70%) grew brassicas principally in Bairnsdale, Berwick, Cranbourne and Werribee shires. The main crops were cauliflowers, cabbage and broccoli. In 1992, downy mildew was reported by 78% of seedling producers and by 30% of growers. Downy mildew was considered more detrimental (moderate to serious) in the field (84%) than by seedling producers (50%), although all nurserymen ranked it as a serious problem and considered that more studies of it are required. Downy mildew occurred throughout the year and was most prevalent between July and October. Disease incidence was greatest in the shadehouse, although there was also a high incidence in the field. Fungicidal control was used by 66% of growers and most (74%) alternated their fungicides. Dithane was the most commonly used fungicide (85%), but mancozeb, other protectants, acylalanines and phosphonates were also used. The survey suggested growers required more guidelines on fungicide spraying frequency and application techniques. Problems with inadequate fungicide control were reported as early as 1970 and occurred mostly in the shadehouse with copper-based protectants, dithiocarbamates and acylalanines.