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Synthesis of microencapsulated zinc stannate and its application in flame‐retardant poly(vinyl chloride) membrane material

The novel core‐shell magnesium dihydroxide (MDH)/zinc stannate (ZS) and melamine‐formaldehyde (MF) resin/MDH/ZS microcapsules were prepared. Their structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis techniques, then its flame‐retardant application in poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) composites. The PVC composites were investigated by the limited oxygen index, smoke density, vertical burning test (UL‐94), cone calorimeter test, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. When directly exposed to flame, PVC generated a high‐density char layer, giving PVC a self‐extinguishing property. Furthermore, when the mass ratio of MDH/ZS and MF/MDH/ZS microcapsules were 2/8 and 10/2/8 with 16 wt% loading, the results showed that the limited oxygen index value reached 29% and 33%, and the smoke density value reached 51% and 41%. Thus, the microencapsulated ZS could greatly suppress the generation of the flame and smoke during combustion, showing potential applications as multifunctional advanced composites.