{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.031805425631431246, 'fraction_numerical': 0.004677268475210477, 'mean_word_length': 5.564417177914111, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
V2V channels and performance of multiuser spread spectrum modulation

Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications have drawn much attention in recent years. In this article, we discuss tradeoffs between implementation complexity and accuracy of several stochastic channel models for lite V2V environment, and then address spread-spectrum system performance attained using these channel models. Two different propagation environments are considered: urban and open areas (highways). The necessity of employing nonstationary channel models to accurately represent the channel is substantiated by comparing stationary and nonstationary empirical model outputs with measured data. A framework to compare single-carrier direct sequence code division multiple access (SC-DS-CDMA) and mul- ticarrier DS-CDMA (MC-DS-CDMA) performance in V2V channels is presented, and bit error ratio (BER) performance of the schemes is provided for the two channels Our comparison of single- and multiuser performance shows that MC-DS-CDMA performs better than SC-DS-CDMA in both Y2V environments.