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A novel approach to improve the performance of fault component protection in smart grid

Fault component protection possesses excellent performance, which widely used as fast protection in Smart Grid. However, the traditional extracting method of fault component causes obvious unbalanced outputs during power oscillation. As a result, fault component protection must be blocked during power oscillation, thus its application is restricted. In this paper, a method to improve the accuracy of fault component extraction is proposed, which makes it possible to put the fault component protection into work for a longer period and improves its adaptability during oscillation. The specific implementation is based on real-time frequency measurement, and a prediction algorithm for sine wave constriction. Using the prediction algorithm, a new current wave will be constructed which based on the standard sine function half-wave during oscillation. Subsequently, the fault component will be obtained by the relationship between the actual wave and the constructed current wave. The unbalanced output of the proposed method is far less than traditional methods when oscillation. Consequently, the extracted fault component will be more accurate when a fault during oscillation. Without changing the existing oscillation blocking strategy in protective relays, the proposed method will largely improve the performance of fault component protection under the oscillation condition. The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.