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Interrelationship among cow size, lifetime cow fertility, milk production and pre-weaning calf growth in sub-tropically adapted beef cattle

A total of 493 Bonsmara cows were divided according to their average lifetime calving interval into short calving interval (SCI, c 400 days, 296 cows) and long calving interval (LCI, > 400 days, 197 cows) groups. Cows and calves were weighed at weaning (7 months). Hip height of the cows was also measured. Milk production of 10 SC1 and 8 LCI cows were determined over 1 lactational period by the weigh-suckle-weigh method. These cows were chosen randomly. Liveweight, hip height and preweaning gain of calves of the SCI cows (482 kg, 129 cm and 0.83 kg/day) were significantly (P c 0.05) lower than those of the LCI cows (513 kg, 137 cm and 0.94 kg/day). Calves from SCI cows were born significantly earlier than calves from LCI cows as measured by age at weaning (227 vs 193 days). Cows in the SCI group produced significantly less milk than LCI cows (5.50 vs 8.26 L/day). It is concluded that SCI cows are smaller in size, have reduced milk production with correspondingly significantly lighter calves at weaning. A negative correlation existed between fertility and pre-weaning calf growth.