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Radiative Modes of Open Microstrip with Applications

The bound modes of open microstrip are well known. These however do not constitute a complete spectrum. Continuous radiation and localized (reactive) modes are excited at discontinuities in microstrip circuits and antennas. This part of the spectrum has not been investigated before and, consequently, up to date, radiation problems in microstrip are being investigated by non-modal methods, such as the moment method. We derive here for the first time the complete spectrum of open microstrip, including one or more bound modes and a continuum, and demonstrate its straightforward application to a practical problem such as the excitation by a cylindrical probe of finite radius. Application of Lorentz' reciprocity principle is now possible in complete analogy to the problem of excitation of a close waveguide by a probe. Numerical results are presented.