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The plant growth regulator, trinexapac-ethyl, increases seed yield in annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.)

ABSTRACT The plant growth regulator trinexapac-ethyl (TE) is widely used to increase seed yield by reducing lodging in many grass species, including perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). However, the seed yield responses of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) to TE has not been widely investigated. In four field experiments, different rates of TE (between 0 and 800 g ha−1) were applied and the plant response measured. Seed yield was significantly (P < 0.05) increased above the control by all TE treatments with an average response of 51% and 65% for the 200 g and 400 g TE ha−1 treatments, respectively. The seed yield response was associated with reduced lodging and shorter stems contributing to 1.1 more seeds per spikelet attaining saleable weight resulting in 72% more seeds m−2. The plant growth regulator TE can improve seed yield in well-managed stands of annual ryegrass.