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Study of Serum Magnesium Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Special Emphasis on Microvascular Macrovascular Complications.

INTRODUCTION: Diabetes is a chronic illness that can affect nearly every organ of body requires continuing medical care and ongoing patient self-management education and support to prevent acute complications and that will reduce the risk of long-term complications. Magnesium deficiency has recently been proposed as a novel factor implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Recognising the signs of diabetes associated magnesium deficiency is important because the deficiency can occur long before it is reflected by serum values. OBJECTIVE: To study the serum magnesium level and establish correlation between hypomagnesemia and micro and macrovascular complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross sectional analytical study was carried out in our institution for duration of 1 year.Total of 500 subjects were enrolled in the study.Detailed clinical and laboratory investigations did for diagnosis of complications.The data was analysed using SPSS Version 16. RESULT: Prevalence of hypomagnesemia in type 2 diabetes was 33% with serum magnesium level 1.31± 0.087 mg/dl. Hypomagnesemia has significant association with microvascular complications like retinopathy(66%), nephropathy (67.54%) and neuropathy (54.5%) with p values 0.0001,0.0005,0.0001 respectively. CONCLUSION: Our study showed significant correlation between hypomagnesimia and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Provided data from this study will help in management and delaying occurrence of complications, also draw attention of clinicians towards a different approach for complications.