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Survival media: the politics and poetics of mobility and the war in Sri Lanka

language difficulties. She asserts that such students, in addition to their academic difficulties, are cowed by their desire to avoid conflict, and have their needs camouflaged by the imposition of the model minority stereotype both at school and at home. She also acknowledges the periodic prioritising of behavioural standards over academic performance as part of this stereotype. While the discussion of unmodel students in the latter half of the book is pertinent to a study of the model minority stereotype, the author focuses, perhaps disproportionately, on appearances and cultural markers displayed by the participant students. The strengths of this book are its penultimate and final chapters, which successfully recognise the disconnection between Asian Indian model students’ academic achievements and the limited acceptance of their ethnicity. The sixth chapter engages in a discussion of classroom conditions, the noise and environment, the degrees of racism in primary, middle, and high school, and the study reveals that student engagement and satisfaction perceptibly increase when provisions are made for them to acknowledge and perform their ethnic identities. The author also briefly recognises the complex politics of race and the distribution of funds in schools. The final chapter brings not only the first direct mention of special education, but also powerfully recognises the unmodel minority’s performance of oppositional identities as a critique of the model minority stereotype. Finally, Saran advocates some basic improvements to the American education system for accommodating the needs of minority Asian students. These include training and employing bilingual and Asian teachers, incorporating ethnic studies, and checking the Eurocentrism of the current curriculum with a multicultural approach. She also advocates inviting Asian parents with a limited knowledge of the educational system to participate in the school activities, finding avenues to familiarise them with the system, and providing anti-racism training. While Saran acknowledges the limited scope of this study to address gender-roles and sexuality, a more discerning use of terminology and greater attention to the double-bind of discrimination faced by students who are both an ethnic minority and require special education would nuance her analysis of the constraints of the model minority stereotype on Asian Indian students – both high achieving and ‘unmodel’. Ultimately, the greatest strength of this book is that it recognises the burden placed by the model minority narrative not only on those struggling to achieve the academic standards implicit in it, but also those that do adhere to the model minority stereotype.