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Hydrothermal Synthesis of Zirconia/Silica Hybrid Materials and their Application on Cotton Fabrics

A series of novel zirconia/silica hybrid materials were prepared via the hydrothermal process from zirconium n-propoxide (ZNP), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), and n-octyltriethoxysilane (OTES). The structures of the zirconia/silica hybrid materials were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis and 29 Si nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging. Grey cotton fabrics were first dyed and then coated with the zirconia/silica hybrid materials through a padding– drying–thermosol process. The bonding structures of the treated cotton fabrics were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses. The evenness of the coated layer on the treated cotton fabrics was confirmed by SEM images, and the interaction of the hybrid materials with the treated cotton fabrics was verified. Moreover, water repellency and warmth retention analyses of the treated fabrics were conducted. Our data show that the warmth retention of the cotton fabrics treated with the zirconia/silica hybrid materials was improved with increasing concentrations of zirconium n-propoxide in the reaction mixture. After modification with zirconia/silica hybrid materials, all the treated cotton fabrics revealed good water repellency abilities.