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A Novel VLSI Architecture for Digital Image Compression using Discrete Cosine Transform and Quantization

For multimedia and medical image transmission applications the data compression is an essential technique [1]. Many data compression techniques have been proposed in the past [2] But there is a scope to further improve such proposals. This paper in that direction proposes a new technique to improve the data compression technique. We have designed a new Discrete Cosine Transform and Quantization (DCTQ) architecture for image compression, in this work Discrete Cosine Transform is a type of image transform which can be applied on images to achieve compression of image data. The quantization of the DCT data coefficients is then performed to achieve compression. This technique makes use of lesser number of multipliers. The JPEG method is used for both color and black-and-white images, but the focus of this work will be on compression of the blackandwhite images. The functionality of the DCTQ is verified in MATLAB.The design is also implemented onVertex2p to verify its capability on silicon. Results shows the area saving in terms of no of gate counts with an excellent efficiency.