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Legal qualification of civil terms according to the criterion of their certainty

The article is devoted to the research of the actual scientific question about the differentiation of civil-law terms based on their certainty. The ascending thesis is substantiated that the term is an integral element of the content of the subjective substantive law, it is of decisive importance for the exercise of the power due to a person, moreover, it can be exercised only during the term of validity of the right. It is emphasized that civil rights with an undefined content or those that do not presuppose their physical implementation cannot arise. Also, the term of existence of a subjective right cannot be "immediate". The work contains the necessary clarifications of the content of the relevant concept used in civil law. Detailed study of the content of the legislative rule, Part 2 of Art. 530 of the Civil Code. In particular, the essence of the prescription has been clarified, according to which the duration of rights, in respect of which the duration of their course has not been established, begins from the moment the claim is presented. Such a request must be satisfied according to the general rule within seven days. Therefore, each binding legal relationship has a certain term for the debtor to fulfill the obligation: it can be defined in the contract by a period of time or term, or it can be indefinite. In both cases, this term has an initial and final term. The article emphasizes a certain similarity of indefinite periods with those that begin with the inevitable onset of the pre-determined phenomenon (action or event) independent of the parties, or as a result of the action of one of the participants (the creditor). But the significance of their differences is indicated, taking into account the different essence of the circumstances affecting the specificity of the term. The terms determined by a certain final term or phenomenon will differ from indefinite ones in that the end of the latter is determined not by an external but by an internal factor in relation to the legal relationship, which depends entirely on the will of the creditor. Aspects of the deadline for fulfilling the creditor's claim, which gives impetus to the obligation, are analyzed. The obligation, the deadline for which has arrived, must be fulfilled immediately, within the established seven-day period or another (special) period after the specified requirement. At the same time, the specified period belongs to the debtor [9, c. 13], in other words, he himself determines when exactly the execution should be carried out within the given term.