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Biocompatibility of 3D-printed Titanium Alloy Porous Scaffold using Osteoblasts

It is well-known management of osteosarcoma, large gap in long bone fracture after compound injuries, and other diseases are challenging problem in medical treatment. The development of 3D printing technology holds the potential to solve these problems. It can be used to rapidly manufacture personalized tissue engineering scaffolds, repair tissue defects in situ with cells, and even directly print tissue and organs. Such printed implants and organs can perfectly match the patients damaged tissue. However, how well cell arrangements for growth and differentiation within engineered material microstructures is a major clinical challenge and limit the wide application of prosthesis replacement. The ability of the device to perform its intended function with the desired degree in the host strongly depends on the compatibility of host cells on scaffold, which is of even higher importance. Because of notably high mechanical strength, low modulus of elasticity, and corrosion resistance, Ti6Al4V is the most common used material in production of medical implants. The purpose of this study was to examine the biocompatibility of titanium alloy porous scaffold using osteoblastic MC3T3-E1. In this paper, titanium alloy porous scaffolds were manufactured with three different pore sizes (namely, coarse, intermediate and fine) by 3D printing. Surface characterization was performed using environmental field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM) for porosity, pore size and wire size. Cellular topography on scaffold was also conducted using SEM after treatment by critical point dryer. The results showed that the samples with large aperture showed enhanced cell viability.