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TAGGING: Setswana Complex Qualificatives & Adverb

In Natural Language Processing(NLP) we have processes like Part-of-speech (POS) tagging where words in a given text are labeled with their corresponding parts of speech whether a word is a noun, verb, adjective, or adverb. Setswana is a Bantu language spoken in Botswana, Namibia, Zimbabwe and South Africa and is written disjunctively. Disjunctive writing means that the group of words could be combined together to form one function or one part of speech. Setswana has different parts of speech including qualificatives and adverbs which could be formed by multiple words. Qualificatives and adverbs can be recursively extended to form complex parts of speech and this makes it challenging to tag them in a sentence. Some research has been done before to tag Setswana parts of speech but they did not cover complex qualificatives and adverbs. The aim of this study was to identify and tag qualificatives and adverbs. Additionally our focus was to combine qualificatives or and adverbs in a sentence using rule based methodology. A Morphological analyzer was used to tag individual words. Regular expressions as a pattern matcher adopted from NLTK library was used in our generated rules to create regular expression which were fed into the algorithm to detect and tag qualificatives and adverbs. Within the algorithm, a noun class module was used to determine which noun complies with which concord. Precision and recall metrics were used in seven hundred sentences during testing and the model gave an accuracy of 86%. We have realized that most of the sentences in Setswana were correctly tagged. For sentences which gave incorrect results, their rules were not generated and some of the words were not included in the dictionary. Moreover there were ambiguities in some of the sentences, which was the other factor that contributed to the 14% inaccuracy.