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Effects of Poloxamer 188 (P‐188) on antioxidant status in rat skeletal muscle subjected to tourniquet (TK)‐induced ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury

In our aim to reduce TK‐induced muscle edema and I/R injury, the present study investigated the effects of P‐188, a multi‐block copolymer surfactant reported to seal damaged membranes in a number of injury states, on antioxidant status in skeletal muscle subjected to I/R. Anesthetized rats (n=8–9/group) were subjected to 3 hr of TK‐induced ischemia. P‐188 (150 mg/kg) or vehicle was infused iv at 5 min before and at 240 min after reperfusion. Rats were then euthanized 16 hr later and lateral gastrocnemius muscle from the TK and contralateral (control) leg was collected for analysis. TK‐induced I/R resulted in nearly a 3‐fold increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and a 34% increase in total antioxidant potential compared to control muscle. In addition, muscle glutathione (GSH) and GSH‐reductase activity were 53% and 24% lower in TK than control muscle, respectively. P‐188 treatment has no discernable effect on muscle antioxidant potential, TBARS or antioxidant enzymes in control muscle. In contrast, in TK muscle, P‐188 reduced the marked increase in TBARS by 23% and improved GSH concentrations, but did not significantly improve antioxidant enzyme activities. These data suggest that at the doses employed, P‐188 had modest antioxidant effects in agreement with about a 10% reduction in TK‐induced muscle edema and no effect on TK‐induced loss of muscle viability.