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[Efficiency of the clinical use of short-term controlled treatment (DOTS) in patients with new-onset destructive pulmonary tuberculosis].

Sixty-six patients with new-onset destructive pulmonary tuberculosis isolating Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) received short-term controlled treatment (DOTS) and 117 patients were given individual treatment regimens. DOTS treatment could be effectively completed in 19.7% of the patients, but following 2 months the factors that forced individual treatment regimens to be used occurred in 80.3%. The efficacy of individual treatment regimens proved to be much higher than that of DOTS. The relationship of the efficiency of treatment to the intensity of chemotherapy, the number and sizes of caverns was studied in 250 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. It has been found that it is expedient to use a quadruple-combination therapy only in patients with small and middle-sized (less than 4 cm in diameter) solitary caverns in the lungs. Patients with multiple and large caverns should be given at least 5 antituberculous drugs from the beginning of the basic course of therapy.