{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.018756169792694965, 'fraction_numerical': 0.01085883514313919, 'mean_word_length': 5.5, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Trends in Political Advertising

Political advertising remains one of the most powerful weapons in the arsenal of any political marketing effort. It is also the most expensive, as evidenced by the fact that the major party candidates in the 2000 presidential campaign in the United States spent a record $240 million on campaign advertising (Devlin, 2001). While the United States is the unquestioned leader in political advertising expenditures, democracies all over the world are adopting a variety of forms of political advertising to market the ideas of candidates, parties, and governments to citizens. In future issues of the journal, this regular feature on political advertising will highlight some of the trends and topics in political advertising. The features will encompass brief reports of research studies, regulation and campaign finance implications, case studies of political advertising successes and failures, political advertising in non-candidate situations, and the role of new technologies.