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Task Ontology-Based Framework for Modeling Users' Activities for Mobile Service Navigation

We can get many kinds of mobile services via mobile handsets in Japan. According to an annual report by NTT DoCoMo [1], Japan's premier mobile communications company which manages mobile internet services and occupies about 58% of the market, we have more than 89,000 service sites today. On the other hand, a large number of services cause difficulties in searching, finding and selecting suitable services for consumer's needs. One of the reasons for the difficulties is that menus of the current mobile services are organized from the viewpoint of the domain. Users have to learn the menu system to access the services; hierarchical structure of the menu, relation between name of the category and services in the category. If a user wants to catch the last train, for example, such a domain-oriented menu will guide him/her as follows: “menu”, “latest information”, “traffic”, “train information”, “timetable” and “input start station name”. The user follows the menu and finally reaches the service that provides information about timetable. As this example shows, users have to translate “what they want to do” to “name of the menu” before getting mobile services they want. On the other hand, there is another type of menu which we call “task-oriented menu” [2]. The goal of this research is to realize a task-oriented menu system which enables more efficient mobile