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Release of Proteins, Enzymes, and the Neuroactive Peptides, Enkephalins, from the Striatum of the Freely Moving Rat a

This paper deals with the in vivo release of proteins, enzymes, and peptides from the brain. These substances have been shown to be released from the nervous tissue and their possible roles in neural communication are a subject of increasing interest in neurobiology. Current evidence indicates that their availability at the release sites has a close dependence on the entire structure of the neuron, thus differing from nonpeptide messengers whose metabolism is mostly centered on the synaptic apparatus. Therefore, it seems to be particularly important to study peptide and protein release in integral neural pathways and circuits. These studies are possible through the in vivo perfusion of deep brain nuclei, a technique that requires reliable probes and pressure buffering systems. We have designed a push-pull cannula with a slotted tip that, used with a pumping system open to the atmospheric pressure, minimizes the damage to the tissue and reduces flow obstructions during perfusion. This perfusion system has been tested using the release of proteins, peptides, and non-peptide transmitters as biochemical markers to assess tissue damage and viability. In this context, we present data on the in vivo release of protein material and several enzyme activities from the striatum, this release being induced by mechanical means or by chemical depolarization. We also give evidence