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Polishness as a Superior Value in the Social Activism of Erazm Józef Jerzmanowski

The “Polish Nobel,” “Polish baron,” and “the one that illuminated America,” are just some of the nicknames given to Erazm Jerzmanow­ski (1844-1909), participant of the January Uprising, a Polish migrant, inventor, businessman and philanthropist. Jerzmanowski obtained a high position in the world of American business of the 1880s and 1890s. He was the only Pole on the list of the top American million­aires of the time. He realized positivist ideals of grassroots work and devoted himself to a wide array of social and philanthropic activities addressed both to the American Polonia and the Poles under occupa­tion. His crowning achievement was the establishment of the awards which were compared to the Alfred Nobel Foundation (the laureates included Henryk Sienkiewicz and Ignacy Jan Paderewski). The over­riding value in his activities was his work for the economic, cultural and scientific improvement of the Polish society which was intended to lead to the restoration of Poland’s independence.