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TREM2 Levels Are Increased in Neurodegenerative Disease Patients and in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model


 Background: Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is expressed on microglia, and it plays an important role in neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer’s disease (AD).This study aimed to elucidate the potential value of TREM2 as biomarker for the diagnosis of AD.Methods: Serum TREM2 levels in human subjects and mice were detected by ELISA. TREM2 mRNA and protein expressions in leukocytes and mouse brain tissues were detected using real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR) and western blot analysis. The cognitive ability of patients was measured by MMSE/MoCA score. The cognitive ability of mice was evaluated by the Morris water maze (MWM) test.Results: Our results showed that the serum concentration and expression levels of TREM2 in leukocytes were increased both in neurodegenerative patients and in an AD model mice.TREM2 expression was correlated with the cognitive impairment in AD patients and APP/PS1 mice.Conclusion: This study indicates that TREM2 is a novel potential biomarker for AD diagnosis.