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Historical perspectives on health


 This paper focuses on the historical perspective on health based on Ignaz Phillipp Semmelweis's beliefs, which indicated that most hospital infections are spread manually by staff. A considerable body of circumstantial evidence supported this notion when Semmelweis, known as the "Father of Infection Control," studied the incidence of "puerperal fever", an acute febrile illness that attacked lying-in women. His study showed that the cause of puerperal fever was transmitted not only by way of cadaveric material but also by way of living organisms. The findings of the study led to his insistence that the procedure of handwashing with chlorinated lime should be routinely performed between examining different patients, thus preventing transfer of transient microorganisms to other patients. However, Semmmelweis's beliefs were largely ignored by many clinicians until recent work evidenced that the simple exercise of handwashing is not "practices de rigor" and demonstrated that hands could become contaminated from objects which have themselves been contaminated. This paper also presents the life, times, and family history of Semmelweis.
