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Generation of dusty plasmas in supercritical carbon dioxide using surface dielectric barrier discharges

Dusty plasmas are a class of plasmas that not only have repercussions for many branches of plasma science and technology, but also thermodynamics and statistical mechanics. However, in ground-based experiments, gravity influences the dynamics and formation of plasma crystals, and the realization of zero-gravity dusty plasmas in space is very costly and time-consuming. To overcome some of these limitations, we propose dusty plasmas in supercritical fluids as a means for realizing ground-based experiments under pseudo-microgravity conditions, to study the formation and self-organization of plasma crystals. Dusty plasmas were realized by using surface dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) generated in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2 ?>), and the motion of fine particles above the electrode surface was studied by high-speed imaging. The plasmas deposited charge on the particles, and the particles formed a self-organized structure above the surface DBD reactor. The particle charge estimated from the analysis of particle motion was on the order of  −104 to −105e C, and the estimation of the Coulomb coupling parameter of the charged particles with a value of 102 to 104 confirmed the formation of strongly coupled plasmas.