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ANALYSIS OF SOIL TEST PHOSPHORUS TO ASSESS THE RISK OF P TRANSPORT IN A WATERSHED

Phosphorus entering surface waters provides a nutrient base for eutrophication which degrades drinking water quality, kills aquatic life and diminishes the water use for recreation and tourism. The risk for soil P transport from soil to rivers and streams is a function of soil phosphorus concentration and runoff-erosion potential. The actual risk varies between years based upon key factors such as land management and weather. Water phosphorus contents are often monitored on a watershed basis. Thus the importance of soil P measurements for the formulation of a risk assessment needs to be verified at the watershed level. Essential data, especially soil phosphorus, are not always available at the scale of interest, e.g., watershed or soil polygons. We introduce a methodology that can derive soil P information from an analysis of data obtained at a coarser scale of ecodistricts across Alberta, Canada. Two data sets collected at two different scales were found to share the same type of probability function (e.g., Inverse Gaussian–Wald distribution). Parameters of the watershed probability function were determined by a non-linear fitting process and used to calibrate the methodology for reconstructing watershed datasets from ecodistrict datasets. This methodology facilitates estimates of the probability distribution of soil P to be used for the evaluation of the risk of phosphorus runoff at a watershed scale.