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Optimization of cutting fluid performance

This paper describes a new drilling test (Upton 1997) for the evaluation of cutting fluid. The technique is based upon a procedure which relies on gathering performance data from tests using the same drill with different fluids, or lubricant concentrations, rather than determining the lifetime or wear rate of individual tools. The results presented here, are used to illustrate the findings for changes in fluid concentration. This non lifetime method is useful because fluids can be quickly compared, and assessed by reference to cutting force analysis and component surface finish measurement. (Upton 1996) Alternative life tests tend to be more expensive because they require a greater volume of fluid, larger quantities of workpiece material and are time consuming. Despite the trends towards 'dry cutting' and low friction tool coatings, there is still a need for cutting fluids because of their ability to improve product quality, remove heat and swarf from the tool/workpiece interface and increase tool life. Improvements in cutting fluid performance are desirable because of ongoing costs associated with fluid use, maintenance and subsequent disposal. Increased environmental awareness and health and safety considerations also dictate that new formulations are introduced.