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A Review of “The Concise Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament”

Although this lexicon may appear to be an abridgement of Danker, Bauer and Arndt’s well-known A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third Edition (BDAG), Danker states that the Concise Lexicon is neither an abridgement of BDAG nor a revision of any previous short lexicons. Rather, the Concise Lexicon seeks to take “new directions” in lexicography as compared to previous, shorter dictionaries of the Greek New Testament that generally offered “translations or glosses traditionally found in the literature” (v). Danker does this primarily by offering expanded definitions of words (similar to those found in BDAG). Although the Concise Lexicon uses BDAG, it also uses information from other lexicons, such as those of G. Abbott Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament and Johannes P. Louw and Eugene A. Nida, Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament Based on Semantic Domains. Although lexicographers and translators have contributed much to the field, “users will immediately recognize some new mintage in the present work” (v). The preface describes the features and structure of entries. Unlike BDAG, the headwords are limited to the vocabulary of the text of NestleAland et al., Novum Testamentum Graece, 27th ed., as well as some selected variants from its text-critical apparatus. To assist users, Danker also offers “strange forms” of nouns, verbs, and adjectives as headwords, for example, ωάφθην. The headwords are often followed by brief etymological information, “especially for words with complex histories or origins not readily discernible” (v), while sometimes having only “[etym. uncertain].” Next comes one or more definition sections for the word, though sometimes only a gloss or translation is offered. Biblical references follow glosses. The preface offers a sample entry to illustrate the various parts. Danker stresses that, “This dictionary builds on the principle that a source language is not to be contorted by demands of English grammatical and idiomatic considerations” (vii). At times, Danker offers an English neologism “to render some Greek expression for which no specific form exists in standard English usage” (viii). It is helpful to compare an entry in BDAG with an entry in the Concise Lexicon. In BDAG, χάρισμα has brief etymological information, a definition,