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3D blood vessel model with temperature Indicator for evaluating thermal damage during surgery

This paper presents the 3D vessel model having a temperature Indicator for evaluating thermal damage during surgery. The materials of model are polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and thermo chromic dye which indicates color change according to temperature increase. The vessel model is fabricated by dip coating on 3D wax model and lost wax method. However, acetone for removing wax prevents the temperature responsive function of the material. Thus, the surface of the model is coated with protective layer of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA).