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PILOT HEARING SCREENING IN SCHOOLCHILDREN FROM ARMENIA, RUSSIA, KYRGYZSTAN, AND AZERBAIJAN

Background: A number of pilot hearing screening programs have been started in various countries, promoting hearing-loss detection and treatment of communication disorders in school-age children. The aim of the study was to evaluate the hearing status of schoolchildren from selected schools in Armenia, Russia, Kyrgyzstan, and Azerbaijan. Material and methods: Hearing screening was performed in 1022 children aged from 6 to 12 years in Armenia, Russia, Kyrgyzstan, and Azerbaijan. The study was carried out with the use of the Sensory Examination Platform. Pure-tone air-conduction hearing thresholds were obtained at 0.5–8 kHz. Hearing loss was defined as a loss of more than 20 dB in one or both ears in at least one of the following: high-frequency pure-tone average (HFPTA) and low-frequency pure-tone average (LFPTA) and others. Results: Normal hearing was observed in 75.4% of children. Hearing loss was observed in 13.4% of the children unilaterally and 11.2% bilaterally. Overall, the results of screening indicate higher incidence of LFHL in children than HFHL. Conclusions: The high prevalence of hearing loss in children from the studied countries indicates the need to conduct further hearing screening programs in this part of the world. This would allow earlier diagnosis of hearing problems and enhance the options for introducing proper diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, leading to better outcomes.