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Analysis of the Effects of the Global Financial and Economic Crisis on Consumer and Companies’ Behavior in Bulgaria

The paper discusses core characteristics of consumer and companies’ behavior in Bulgaria after 2008. It analyzes the changes in the structure of economic growth in the country, income sources and the model of individual consumption of households, as well as the behavior of companies and their investment activities. The basic conclusions revolve around a more balanced ratio between external and internal demand as a result of the crisis, the change in income sources for households against relatively stable preferences for private consumption, as well as the maintenance of the low efficiency and low profit structure of Bulgarian production, irrespective of the positive signals from the development of high value added sectors. The principal “winner” from the crisis is its source – the financial sector, followed by companies engaged in public activities, while the real sector, and especially high value added sectors (such as industry, software technologies, research and development), is – 8 years after the crisis in Bulgaria – on the losing side at an almost zero credit activity for the enterprises in the country.