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Prophylaxis of opportunistic infections in HIV disease

This chapter explores the AIDS epidemic, which presents severe manifestations of various opportunistic infections (OIs) in hosts whose immune systems were compromised. It describes how individuals with AIDS succumbed to pneumocystic pneumonia, toxoplasmosis, disseminated mycobacterium, and several other OIs and malignancies. It explains how HIV-positive persons can be largely unaffected by OI when they remain well-adherent to antiretroviral therapy (ART). The chapter mentions barriers to care and medication adherence that allow HIV to progress, leaving patients susceptible to OI. It focuses on prophylaxis for OI in HIV-positive patients as an important topic and cornerstone of providing care for this patient population.