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Early‐onset chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Wilson–Mikity syndrome with preterm birth

Very low-birthweight survivors, especially those diagnosed with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), have reduced lung function at school age. There is an emerging concern that the diagnostic criterion for BPD, simply the need for oxygen supplementation, provides limited information on the pathophysiology, disease progression, and variability in lung pathology. We previously reported that of all the various perinatal risk factors, Wilson–Mikity syndrome (WMS), associated with prematurity, intrauterine inflammation, and radiological bubbly/cystic appearance in the neonatal period, was the strongest determinant of obstructive lung function disorder in non-disabled extremely low-birthweight survivors at school age. Here, we describe the disease course of a patient with WMS at birth, who developed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-like phenotype in early adulthood, supporting the hypothesis that intrauterine inflammation-associated lung pathology of WMS is a significant risk factor for long-term lung sequelae. Written informed consent was not obtained because of the retrospective design (case report). The patient records/information were anonymized to protect the confidentiality of the personal information.