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Fellah and Townsman in the Middle East, by Gabriel Baer (London: Frank Cass, 1982).

Fellah and Townsman in the Middle East, by Gabriel Baer (London: Frank Cass, 1982). Many of the articles in this volume have appeared earlier in journals and collected works published in the course of the late Professor Baer's distinguished career. These include his well-known studies on the village mukhtdr in Palestine (pages 109-45) and the guilds in Ottoman Turkey (pages 149-211) as well as his contributions on "The Village and City in Egypt and Syria, 1500-1914" (pages 49-100) and "Popular Revolt in Ottoman Cairo" (pages 225-252). At the same time this collection includes hitherto unpublished studies in which the author elaborates on or reassesses his earlier work. His earlier study of Shirbini's Hazz al-Quhuf (pages 3-47) is here expanded to take into account Egyptian interpretations of this work and of the social history of seventeenth-century Egypt which have appeared since the early 1960s. Similarly, he includes (pages 213-22) a reassessment of his work on guilds in the Ottoman period in the light of recent work by other scholars on their origins, structure, and activities in Cairo, Damascus, and Bursa. Finally, he concludes this volume with a comparative analysis of rural rebellion in Egypt and the Fertile Crescent (pages 253—323) in which he measures the experience of this region against that of Western Europe, South Asia, and Japan and assesses the significance of rural protest and revolt in the process of social change. Though diverse in the specific topics addressed, the studies included here retain thematic coherence. They focus especially on urban-rural interactions, but each provides also important contributions on such issues as the evolution of landholding and land-use patterns, demographic trends, the material conditions of life in urban and rural settings, the relations of urban and rural groups with government and religious authority, values and religious practices, and the consequences for the region of European political and economic intervention. Together they will undoubtedly continue to serve for a long time as an invaluable source of information and point of interpretive reference for students of the social and economic history of the Middle East and for those interested in comparative studies.