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Repair of head and neck defects with thin and double-lined pectoralis flaps.

The evolution of nondelayed , single-stage repairs of extensive ablative defects of the upper aerodigestive tract with thin, skin-lined pectoralis myogenous and myocutaneous flaps is described, with particular emphasis on technique and applicability. To date, 15 such modified flap reconstructions of the oral cavity, oropharynx, and pharyngoesophagus have been performed. Other than one instance of flap failure, no significant short- or long-term complications were noted. The functional results of these repairs are equivalent to other, less convenient or technically more difficult methods of reconstruction.