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Local application of nucleus pulposus induces expression OF P2X3 in rat dorsal root ganglion cells.

The P2X(3) receptor is a ligand-gated cation channel that is activated by extra cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) found in the dorsal root, trigeminal and nodose ganglia. It is one of the receptors transmitting nociceptive information of injuries and inflammation of the periphery by endogenous ATP released from damaged cells. The present study was performed in order to evaluate if there was an increased expression of P2X(3)-immunoreactivity in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons after experimental disc herniation. There were four groups: exposure of the left L4 dorsal root ganglion and incision of the L4-L5 disc, exposure and slight displacement of the left L4 dorsal ganglion, sham exposure of the L4 dorsal root ganglion, and normal. Seven days after surgery, the DRG's were collected, sectioned and stained immunohistochemically for the P2X(3) receptor. The expression of P2X(3) increased significantly following incision of the L4-5 disc compared to the normal group. Sham surgery induced a minor, although statistically significant increase. Mechanical displacement did not induce any increased expression of the receptors. The study demonstrates that expression of the P2X(3)receptors in the DRG may be induced by local application of nucleus pulposus. This may increase our understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms related to disc herniation and sciatica.