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Epidemiology of heart disease: searches for causes.

Heart disease has been identified-correctly--as the number one killer in the United States. Despite this fact, government funding of research into the causes and treatment of diseases ofthe heart and blood vessels has lagged significantly behind that ofcancer research. Passage by Congress of the Heart, Lung, and Blood Act of1972 did improve the situation, however. The budget of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute has increased from $233 million for fiscal year (FY) 1972 to $397 million for FY 1977. In addition, the American Heart Association will spend almost 20 million dollars for research in the coming year. The question then might be, What does this money buy? During the next few weeks, a series of articles will examine some of the recent developments in research on cardiovascular diseases. Not intended to be exhaustive, the articles will focus on progress in understanding the biological mechanisms underlying the diseases. This research is providing the kind of information needed to prevent or cure a disease-not just control its symptoms. Clinical advances in treating hypertension and abnormal heart rhythms, in limiting the damage to heart muscle caused by heart attacks, and in detecting and measuring the extent ofheart disease will also be considered. Although money spentfor research has not yet brought about the removal of cardiovascular diseasefrom its position as the leading cause of death, the research is laying the foundation that may one day permit the attainment of that goal.