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Integrating Health Education in Academic Lessons: Is This the Future of Health Education in Schools?

Many schools are reducing their provision of personal, social, and health education (PSHE) lessons in the UK and fewer teachers are being trained in teaching this subject.1-4 Similar marginalization of health education has been noted in other countries such as the United States.5-7 This reduction has occurred in the UK partly because PSHE is not a statutory requirement—the UK government recently rejected advice that it should be.8 Furthermore, the process of ‘‘marketization’’ of school admissions, with parents using local league tables of academic performance to inform the choice of schools for their children, has led schools to neglect of activities that do not contribute to these metrics.9 This marketization and focus on a narrow range of metrics is also not unique to the UK. Public education systems throughout Europe and North America are subjecting students to more ‘‘high-stakes’’ testing, with governments using the resulting data to manage schools’ performance and help parents choose schools. All this is driven by the salience of international metrics of attainment as used, for example, by the Program for International Student Assessment.10,11 The decline of PSHE is of particular concern because there is strong evidence from systematic reviews that school curriculum-based health education is one key element in strategies to reduce outcomes such as alcohol consumption,12 smoking,13 drug use,14