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Phase-contrast scanning optical microscopy for biological tissues

Phase-contrast imaging of living tissues is important for investigating biological structures and functions. The phasecontrast scanning optical microscope using annular illumination and image processing has been developed as a new tool for visualizing phase objects. This microscope has excellent features, such as separate phase and amplitude imaging, reducing multiscattering effects and spherical aberration-free imaging. Using a figure-8-shaped spatial-frequency filter with sign correction in order to extract linear phase-contrast components, we observed the phase-contrast structures of biological tissue samples and evaluated the microscope’s imaging features.