{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.031295137217140105, 'fraction_numerical': 0.013962445835339432, 'mean_word_length': 5.790849673202614, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Effect of the platelet‐activating factor antagonist, TCV‐309, and the cyclo‐oxygenase inhibitor, ibuprofen, on the haemodynamic changes in canine experimental endotoxic shock

1 The present study was conducted in order to examine the effects of the platelet‐activating factor (PAF) antagonist, TCV‐309, and the cyclo‐oxygenase inhibitor, ibuprofen, on the acute haemodynamic responses to endotoxin in anaesthetized dogs. 2 Endotoxin (2 mg kg−1, i.v.) induced a severe hypotension by decreasing both total peripheral resistance (TPR) and cardiac output. Endotoxin also decreased central venous pressure and increased effective vascular compliance (EVC), indicating a blood pooling in the capacitance vessels. 3 The endotoxin‐induced hypotension but not the fall in cardiac output, was markedly attenuated by ibuprofen. Ibuprofen abolished the decrease in TPR and even caused a systemic vasoconstriction. Ibuprofen abolished the increase in EVC. 4 The hypotension caused by endotoxin was attenuated by TCV‐309 to a lesser extent than ibuprofen. However, the reduction in cardiac output produced by endotoxin was markedly attenuated by the PAF antagonist. TCV‐309 also abolished the increase in EVC. In contrast to ibuprofen, TCV‐309 did not affect the decrease in TPR caused by endotoxin. 5 Combined treatment with ibuprofen and TCV‐309 markedly attenuated the endotoxin‐induced hypotension, but not the fall in cardiac output. Nevertheless, when compared with animals treated with ibuprofen alone, treatment with ibuprofen and TCV‐309 partly attenuated the endotoxin‐induced reduction in cardiac output and systemic vasoconstriction. 6 These data indicate that dilatation of both resistance vessels and capacitance vessels contributes to the endotoxin‐induced hypotension. It is suggested that (i) both prostanoids and PAF are involved in dilatation of capacitance vessels, (ii) prostanoids, but not PAF cause dilatation of resistance vessels and (iii) PAF may partly contribute to prostanoid‐independent reduction in cardiac output in acute canine experimental endotoxin shock.