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Follower characteristics, obedience, and constructive resistance: the role of co-production leadership

Co-production leadership is an emerging leadership model which is not a leader-centred. It involves leaders and followers working together to determine organisational outcomes. The followers' personal characteristics will determine the extent to which followers are involved in the leadership process. Followers also have a variety of beliefs about their role, both in the traditional perspective and within the framework of a partnership with leaders. This makes the co-production leadership model influences follower behaviours in the form of compliance and constructive resistance. This study aimed to develop a model of co-production leadership by examining the followers' characteristics as a predictor, and its impact on the follower behaviours, such as compliance and constructive resistance. This research was conducted on a political party, which has not been done in previous studies. To test the model developed in this study, partial least square (PLS) analysis was employed.