{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.012958963282937365, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0064794816414686825, 'mean_word_length': 5.813725490196078, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Concomitant coronary artery revascularization to allow successful lung transplantation in selected patients with coronary artery disease.

Coronary artery disease has previously been considered an absolute contraindication to lung transplantation. Because of the scarcity of lung donors and a desire for the best organ utilization, patients with coronary artery disease were previously considered a prohibitive surgical risk. In addition, the potential adverse impact of coronary artery disease on the midterm survival after lung transplantation has excluded these patients from consideration for transplantation. However, several risk factors common to both end-stage lung and cardiac disease, most notably cigarette smoking and obesity, lead to a substantial incidence of coronary artery disease in potential lung recipients.1 Descriptions of successful coronary artery bypass before2 and after3 lung transplantation have led some groups to perform coronary artery bypass at the time of lung transplantation with the assistance of cardiopulmonary bypass in a small number of highly selected patients.4,5 Recently, a case of combined coronary artery bypass and bilateral lung transplantation with off-pump techniques has been described.6 Here we describe 4 cases of combined lung transplantation and coronary bypass grafting: 2 with the assistance of cardiopulmonary bypass and 2 without.