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Response of serum osteocalcin to caloric restriction with and without exercise in post menopausal women

Osteocalcin (OC) is a vitamin K‐dependent bone protein that has been linked to regulation of glucose metabolism and body weight in mice. We determined the association between OC, weight loss and insulin resistance in 74 post‐menopausal women replete in vitamins K, D and calcium, who were randomized to caloric restriction alone (CR) or caloric restriction + exercise (CR+Ex) (age 59±6yrs; BMI 33.0±3.7kg/m2). Serum total (tOC), carboxylated (cOC) and uncarboxylated OC (ucOC), fasting blood glucose and insulin were measured pre‐ and post‐intervention. HOMA‐IR was calculated. Multivariable linear regression determined if absolute changes in OC forms and HOMA‐IR were associated with weight loss. After 16 weeks, participants lost a similar amount of body fat (9.27±4.98%, p≥0.60). No changes in serum OC forms were observed post weight‐loss (all p≥0.21). There were no significant associations between change in OC forms and change in weight (all p ≥ 0.12) or between change in OC forms and change in HOMA‐IR in either group (all p≥0.17). Our findings do not support a regulatory role of OC in energy metabolism or insulin resistance in post‐menopausal women who are replete in nutrients implicated in bone health.