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Circadian Rhythmicity and the Initiation of Reproductive Functions in Female Passerines

Photosensitive female rose finches and yellow-throated sparrows were held under six photoperiodic regimens, consisting of a 6-h light period combined with dark periods of various durations. Ovarian growth (as well as oviducal growth in yellowthroated sparrows) was stimulated under cycles of 12 (6L:6D), 36 (6L:30D), and 60 (6L:54D) h, but not under cycles of 24 (6L: 18D), 48 (6L:42D), and 72 (6L:66D) h. These results are consistent with the Bunning hypothesis according to which a photoperiodic response occurs as the result of the coincidence of light with the photoinducible (photosensitive) phase of an endogenous circadian rhythm. The results indicate that circadian rhythmicity is involved during the initiation of the female reproductive system, as is true of many males, in photoperiodic birds.