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Genetic linkage between von Hippel-Lindau disease and three microsatellite polymorphisms refines the localisation of the VHL locus.

Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is a dominantly inherited familial cancer syndrome characterised by the development of retinal and central nervous system haemangioblastomas, renal cell carcinoma and phaeochromocytoma. The gene for VHL disease has been mapped to chromosome 3p25-p26 and presymptomatic diagnosis using linked DNA markers is available. We have previously mapped the VHL disease gene to a 4 cM interval between D3S1250 and D3S18. To increase access to presymptomatic diagnosis and to accelerate progress towards isolating the VHL disease gene we attempted to identify microsatellite DNA markers linked to the disease gene by genetic linkage analysis in 29 families. We found significant linkage between the VHL disease gene and dinucleotide (CA) repeat polymorphisms at D3S1038 (Zmax = 22.24 at theta = 0.01, CI 0.0001-0.06), D3S1110 (Zmax = 11.32 at theta = 0.07, CI 0.03-0.14) and D3S651 (Zmax = 7.73 at theta = 0.04, CI 0.008-0.13). We localised D3S1038 between D3S1250 and D3S601, and mapped D3S1110 and D3S651 centromeric to D3S1250. Multipoint linkage analysis mapped the VHL disease locus between D3S1038 and D3S18 with the maximum likelihood at D3S601. There was no evidence of locus heterogeneity. This study has (i) identified three microsatellite DNA markers in chromosome 3p25 linked to the VHL disease gene and (ii) narrowed the target region for the isolation of the VHL disease gene by positional cloning techniques. These findings will improve the management of families with VHL disease by improving the accuracy and availability of presymptomatic diagnosis using linked DNA markers, and will accelerate progress towards isolating the VHL disease gene.