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Characterization of dayshift tele-ICU pharmacist activities

Background Critical care services have expanded over the last decade to include tele-ICU. In 2015, Atrium Health’s pharmacy services began covering tele-ICU patients from 3–11 PM. In 2017, dayshift tele-ICU pharmacy services were added on Monday, Wednesday and Friday from 8 AM to 12 PM. Cutting-edge technology and software integration allow alerts to be generated in areas of abnormal glucose, electrolyte and lactate levels. This analysis was conducted to describe the interventions recommended during dayshift hours. Methods Data collected from 1 August 2017 to 30 June 2018, the first 11 months of dayshift pharmacist coverage, include number of charts reviewed per shift, interventions and specific types logged, if the intervention was tied to an alert and if it was accepted or rejected. Interventions can originate from alerts or from proactive assessment by the pharmacist. Descriptive statistics were reported. Results On average, 41 charts were reviewed per shift. Over an 11-month period, 1024 interventions were made for 634 patient chart reviews. Some 89% of all interventions were accepted or accepted with modifications. Of the total interventions, 37 (3.6%) were adverse drug events avoided and 658 (64.4%) were interventions unrelated to alert data. Medication management accounted for 44.3% of all interventions. Discussion Proactive assessment rather than alert review resulted in the majority of interventions, demonstrating that reviewing every ICU patient is vital for improving patient care. Determining optimal avenues for intervention delivery and integration with the bedside multidisciplinary teams remains one of the biggest challenges. Dayshift innovations included weekly virtual rounds and providing drug information for the bedside teams.