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In Situ Probing Biological Structures by Combining Focused Ion Beam and Atomic Force Microscopy

Understanding the heterogeneity of biological structures at the micro/nano scale can offer insights valuable for multidisciplinary research in cell biology and biomimicry designs. Here we propose to combine nanocharacterization tools, particularly Focused Ion Beam (FIB) milling and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) for probing the mechanical modulus and chemical signatures of biological structures. This proposed strategy overcomes the physical limit of AFM sampling depth, and allows probing the interior of biological samples and acquiring data previously inaccessible.