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The Role of Kin Recognition Mechanisms in Patriotic Socialization: Further Reflections

This epigraph from an early American thinkeraccurately summarizes the central elements of the theory I proposed in 1986 in "Kin Selection, Socialization, and Patriotism: An Integrating Theory" (Johnson, 1986a). The theory proposed that patriotism and othergroup loyalties are founded upon a set ofgenetically-based altruistic dispositions built by natural selection. These are Henry's "elementary affections" and "social sympathies of our nature." Of course, these altruistic dispositions must be activated by external stimuli. The theory proposed that patriotism in large-scale societies is built by socialization processes which link these altruistic dispositions to people, events, objects, and symbols that are not naturally associated with them. In other words, as Caleb Henry put it, patriotism derives from "elementary affections" being "twined with a thousand associations."