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Venous Thromboembolism in Cancer Patients

Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) is a major complication of cancer and is one of the leading causes of death in patients with cancer. The risk for VTE in this group of patients is increased several folds in hospitalized cancer patient and in those on active therapy. The short and long term consequences of VTE diagnosis in cancer patients are many including increased in mortality rate, bleeding while on therapy for VTE. It has, therefore, become important to identify the risk factors for cancer-associated VTE, develop guidelines for prevention strategies for high-risk patients as well as management of VTE when it complicates the course of cancer disease or its treatment with chemotherapy immunomodulatory agents, antiangiogenesis or hormonal therapy. Proper understanding of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of VTE and its risk factors in cancer patients is central to adequate prevention and management of this serious complication in cancer patients.