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Testing of Production of Inhibitory Bioactive Compounds by Soil Streptomycetes as Preliminary Screening Programs in UAE for Anti -Cancer and Anti-Bacterial Drugs

A B S T R A C T Streptomyces is a rich source for a wide variety of useful secondary metabolites and mainly antibiotics. In the present work, a preliminary screening program for isolation of inhibitory bioactive compounds-producing streptomyctes from UAE soils is initiated to search for novel anti-bacterial and anti-tumor antibiotics. Several bacteria and yeasts were tested for their susceptibility to the inhibitory bioactive compounds produced by the 35 soil Streptomyces strains that were isolated from UAE soils. Morphological characterization revealed that more than 70% and 60% of the recovered Streptomyces strains possessed gray aerial mycelium and distinctive reverse side pigment, respectively. However, more than 75% of the strains were unable to produce soluble pigments. Scanning electron microscopy of the spore surface of the nine most potent strains revealed the majority of them have spiny surface morphology. Using agar diffusion method, data indicated that the majority of the isolates (80%) were able to inhibit the tested bacteria and yeasts with inhibition zone diameter ranged between 11 40 mm and 12 36 mm, respectively. The unusual antibiotic profile of strains No. 6 and 51E stressed their potential to be novel as indicated by the widest inhibition zone diameter. PCR amplification for three morphologically uncharacterized actinomycetes isolates (43, 73, and 74) using specific primers targeting actinomycetes-specific sequences as well Streptomyces-specific sequence indicated that they are actinomycetes with ~350 bp single band, and they have the actinomycetes 16S ribosomal DNA-specific sequence. Also, PCR results confirmed that two isolates (73 and 74) to be Streptomyces strains with an approximate size of 1000 bp. It can be concluded that various strai ns of Streptomyces produce bioactive compounds which are effective against eukaryotic cells and may be used as a source of anti-cancer agents.