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Effects of dietary Forsythia suspensa extract supplementation to lactating sows and nursery pigs on post-weaning performance, antioxidant capacity, nutrient digestibility, immunoglobulins and intestinal health.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of dietary Forsythia suspensa extract (FSE) supplementation to lactating sows and nursery pigs on post-weaning performance, antioxidant capacity, immunoglobulins and intestinal health. Based on backfat, BW and parity, 24 gestating sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) with average parity of 3.38 ± 0.61 and BW of 234 ± 6.81 kg were allotted into 2 dietary treatments (control vs. 100 mg/kg FSE) with 12 sows per treatment from d 107 of gestation to d 21 of lactation. After weaning, based on the initial BW and source litter, 192 nursery pigs [Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire), average BW of 6.98 ± 0.32 kg, weaned at d 21] were allotted into 4 dietary treatments with 8 replicate pens per treatment, 6 pigs per pen for a 4-wk study. The treatments included: (1) CC (sows and their piglets both fed control diet); (2) CF [sows fed control diet and their piglets fed FSE diet (containing 100 mg/kg FSE)]; (3) FC (sows fed FSE diet and their piglets fed control diet); (4) FF (sows and their piglets both fed FSE diet). The MIXED procedures of SAS for a split-plot arrangement with sow diet as the whole plot and nursery diet as split plot was used to analyze data. After weaning, piglets from FSE-fed sows had improved (P < 0.05) ADG and feed efficiency, and lower (P < 0.05) diarrhea rate in overall (d 1 to 28) compared with those from sows fed control diet. Piglets from FSE-fed sows also had higher (P < 0.05) contents of IgG, growth hormone, superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity in serum, villus height in ileum and villus height to crypt depth ratio in jejunum, as well as lower (P < 0.05) content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum and crypt depth in ileum compared with those from sows fed control diet. Piglets fed FSE during nursery had increased (P < 0.05) concentrations of IgG, SOD and catalase, and decreased (P < 0.05) MDA and tumor nuclear factor-α levels in serum compared with those fed control diet during nursery. Piglets from FC group had increased (P < 0.05) protein expression of occludin in jejunal mucosa and relative abundance of Lactobacillus on genus level in colon compared with those from CC group. In conclusion, for the performance and intestinal health, diets supplemented with FSE during lactation phase seemed more efficient to alleviate weaning stress than the nursery phase. In terms of the antioxidant status and immunoglobulins, FSE supplemented in both phases were efficient for nursery pigs.