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Response of isolated axonal preparations to hyperosmoticity: evidence for a cellular volume regulation.

When submitted to a hyperosmotic stress, isolated axons of Callinectes sapidus shrink. Volume regulation is observed if the experiment is carried out by using serum from a crab adapted to sea water. 3' : 5'-AMP and dibutyryl AMP are also effective. A compound isolated from the hemolymph and having a molecular weight close to 10 000 mimics the effects of the serum and induces a partial regulation of the axonal volume.