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Commentary on Osland et al.: Tropicalization of temperate ecosystems in North America: The northward range expansion of tropical organisms in response to warming winter temperatures

Tropicalization is, "the transformation of temperate ecosystems by poleward-moving tropical organisms in response to warming temperatures" (Osland et al. 2021). In their newly published Research Review article in Global Change Biology, Osland and colleagues provide important context, diverse examples, and discuss critical knowledge gaps on tropicalization for the lower latitudes of North America where species assemblages are changing via range expansions or invasions.