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Podcast as e-Learning Enabler for Developing Countries: Current Initiatives, Challenges and Trends

In developing countries, the access to information and communication technologies is considered crucial to promote development and integration into a knowledge society. Human capital must also be considered as a source of sustainable development and social inclusion to create appropriate solutions according to the challenges of the science and education ecosystem of each country. Therefore, in these countries, e-learning is presently considered a key solution to promote global access to knowledge, fight illiteracy and increase the access to higher education. Several specific programs and e-learning initiatives have been encouraged, having however scarce results so far.
 In this context, having Africa as main focus and, in particular, the technological and educational Mozambican ecosystem, this paper aims at discussing current initiatives in the e-learning context that can provide clear inputs regarding the challenges and critical factors affecting success. In particular, a case study of the relevance of providing podcast services at National Research and Education Network (NREN) level is discussed, and quantitative evidence of the success of e-learning initiatives in Africa is presented. Through the debate of pertinent case studies and corresponding outcomes, the relevance of supporting podcasting and e-learning as NREN advanced services is here stressed, aiming at facilitating the enrolment of academic and scientific institutions and enlarging the scope of the obtained results.