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Book Review: Assessment in Social Work

women within the works of classical political economists (p.279). The capacity of adult judgment (basis of morality) was distorted and diminished when the working class and all women were kept in positions of dependence on another for survival, for continued work (security) or for decisions about their own lives (p.289). By contrast, under the system of mutual co-operation, Thompson believed reconciliation was possible between these two central human values, equality and security, both of which are necessary for a just society (p.287). Self-interest is important. It is opposed to selfish competitiveness, but compatible with benevolence, with the general happiness (p.301). Where landlords, capitalists or proprietors command the land and stock of a community, they command the means of comfort and existence. 'Without freedom from this control, (Thompson argues) mental liberty (one of the essential constituents of personal independence) can never be secured' (p.339). In highlighting these arguments, Dooley sets out the essentials of what may be called Thompson's 'Liberation Theory', and demonstrates that Thompson is basically a moral theorist urging a liberal-humanist form of utilitarianism, a truly popular democracy, and that feminism is integral to both. The author makes the briefest reference only to Thompson's refutation of Malthusian theory (p.27) and might have added to the stature of Thompson by elaborating his critique of Malthus's gloomy argument to the effect that the produce of the bedroom (demographic increase) will inexorably overtake the produce of the field and garden (resources of food). Thompson counters not only with the argument that scientific discoveries (expedited by popular education) will greatly increase the yield of food from both the land and the seas, but also with the argument that, as human wealth and rationality increase, demographic trends will be restrained and controlled, i.e. that fecundity is attributable to poverty, ignorance and to the denial of freedom and responsibility to the masses whereby they might assume responsibility for the conditions affecting their own lives. Thompson is demonstrably vindicated by demographic studies in recent times. This is an interesting, topical and important study and the author is to be commended for introducing us more fully than heretofore, to two giants in the history of ideas in Ireland.