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Long-term Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial of Single-incision Versus Multi-port Laparoscopic Colectomy for Colon Cancer

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes that were the secondary endpoints of a RCT of multi-port laparoscopic colectomy (MPC) versus SILC in colon cancer surgery. Summary of Background Data: The actual long-term outcomes, such as the 5-year RFS, OS, and recurrence patterns after surgery, have not been evaluated by a RCT. Methods: Patients with histologically proven colon carcinoma located in the cecum, ascending, sigmoid or rectosigmoid colon clinically diagnosed as stage 0-III were eligible for this study. Patients were preoperatively randomized and underwent complete mesocolic excision. The 5-year RFS, OS, and recurrence patterns were analyzed (UMIN-CTR 000007220). Results: Between March 1, 2012, and March 31, 2015, a total of 200 patients were randomly assigned to either the MPC arm (n = 100) or SILC arm (n = 100). The median follow-up for all patients was 61.0 months. An intention-to-treat analysis showed that the 5-year RFS was 91.0% [95% confidence interval (CI) 85.1%–96.9%] in the MPC arm and 88.0% (95% CI 82.1%–93.9%) in the SILC arm (hazard ratio: 1.37; 95% CI 0.58–3.24; P = 0.479). The 5-year OS was 95.0% (95% CI 91.1%–98.9%) in the MPC arm and 93.0% (87.1%–98.9%) in the SILC arm (hazard ratio: 1.39; 95% CI 0.44–4.39; P = 0.568). There were no significant differences in the recurrence patterns between the 2 arms. Conclusions: Even though the results of the 5-year OS and RFS in this trial were exploratory and underpowered, there were no statistically significant differences between the SILC and MPC arms. SILC may be an acceptable treatment option for select patients with colon cancer.