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Probiotics and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

KEY MESSAGESEvidence from randomized controlled studies suggests that probiotics may reduce symptoms and help maintain remission in ulcerative colitis (UC), but not Crohn disease.Although statistically significant, the benefits reported in UC may not be clinically meaningful.Because of a risk of adverse effects, including bacteremia, the use of probiotics in patients with inflammatory bowel disease requires a careful risk-benefit analysis.