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Preparation and characterization of a flexible ferroelectric tunnel junction

In this work, we propose a flexible ferroelectric tunnel junction (FTJ) with a nanometer-thick single-crystalline BaTiO3 barrier prepared by exfoliating and transferring epitaxial BaTiO3 thin films onto flexible poly(styrenesulfonate)-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT:PSS) conductive electrodes using a water-soluble Sr3Al2O6 sacrificial layer. The transferred freestanding BaTiO3 films remain single crystalline and exhibit clear ferroelectric hysteresis, no matter being flat or bent. A combined piezoelectric force microscopy and conductive atomic force microscopy measurement reveals that the Pt/BaTiO3/PEDOT:PSS FTJ shows a clear polarization direction modulated tunneling resistance. By using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the polarization direction-dependent electrostatic potential profile of this flexible FTJ has been reconstructed, consistent with the observed resistance modulation.