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P298 Antibiotic Use and Chlamydia Infection among Women at Reproductive Age in Guangdong, China

Background The overuse of antibiotics accelerates antibiotic resistance. However, limited studies assessed the antibiotic use history and its association with current chlamydia infection among women of reproductive age in China. This study aimed to investigate the recent antibiotic usage pattern and its association with current chlamydia infection among reproductive-aged women (RAW) in gynaecology clinics in Guangdong, China. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study to recruit women aged between 16 to 55 in Guangdong. All participants were tested for chlamydia by using Nucleic Acid Amplification Testing and finished a computer-based survey containing their self-reported antibiotic consumption in recent 12 months. We described characteristics of participants and recent antibiotic usage patterns based on two different classifications at first. Then we calculated the antibiotics usage rate and analyzed the association between antibiotic use and current chlamydia infection through logistic regression. Results Among 391 recruited women with a mean age of 31.51±6.20 years, 41.2% (161/391) of participants self-reported that they used antibiotics in recent 12 months, and the prevalence of chlamydia incidence was 8.2% (32/391). The β-lactam antibiotics (Penicillin, Amoxicillin, ceftriaxone) were the most popular (89.4%, 144/161) among female patients, while the rate of using other antibiotics (Clindamycin, Metronidazole) was the lowest (31.7%,51/391). Additionally, we found that age, histories of pelvic inflammatory disease and reproductive infections, and had clinical symptoms in the recent 12 months were significantly associated with antibiotic usage among RAW. Overall antibiotic use (aOR: 0.32; 95%CI: 0.15–0.94) and using antibiotics under the Access classification (aOR:0.30; 95%CI: 0.07–0.92) were negatively associated with current chlamydia infection. Conclusion This study suggests that a high rate of recent antibiotic use and an inverse association between the antibiotic use and current chlamydia infection among RAW in Guangdong, China. Findings will provide an insight to evaluate the impact of antibiotic use on chlamydia screening.