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Effect of Machining Parameters and Clamping Technique on Residual Stresses and Distortion of Bearing Rings

Results from turning experiments addressing residual stresses and workpiece distortion are presented in this paper. The influence of cutting speed, depth of cut, feed and nose radius on roundness of 100Cr6 (SAE 52 100) rings was analysed. Additionally two different clamping techniques were used. The residual stresses show a periodicity of three around the rings' circumference when clamping with segment jaws. A linear distribution can be seen when using a mandrel for clamping. The mean values for the residual stresses are similar for both clamping cases. Finally the level of the residual stresses can be influenced by varying cutting parameters. Coordinate measurements and a Fourier analysis show a major effect of the clamping techniques on the roundness, whereas the cutting parameters have only a small effect on the roundness.