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The topology of U-duality (sub)groups

We discuss the topology of the symmetry groups appearing in compactified (super)gravity, and discuss two applications. First, we demonstrate that for three-dimensional sigma models on a symmetric space G/H with G non-compact and H the maximal compact subgroup of G, the possibility of oxidation to a higher dimensional theory can immediately be deduced from the topology of H. Second, by comparing the actual symmetry groups appearing in maximal supergravities with the subgroups of and Spin(32), we argue that these groups cannot serve as a local symmetry group for M-theory in a formulation of de Wit–Nicolai type.