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Histologic examination of canned beef dog food: what does it really contain?

This study provides a histologic examination of twelve cans of beef dog food and assesses the contents of each brand. Two random samples from each of twelve cans of beef dog food were formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, sectioned at 4 microns, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The percentage of meat content (defined as skeletal muscle content) was estimated by superimposing a grid over photomicrographs (n = 7 each sample); the number of grid line intersections overlying skeletal muscle tissue (meat) was recorded and used to determine an estimate of the meat content. The percentage of meat content ranged from 0.2 to 13.6% (median 1.3%). There was no correlation between meat content and the calculated cost per ounce of food (range $0.04–$0.47; median $0.15). In the brands examined, a relatively small portion of the contents of canned beef dog food comprised meat, despite the labeling which advertised ‘beef’ on each can. There was no correlation between cost and the estimated meat content. A variety of other tissue types were variably identified in the sampled food, including connective tissue, blood vessels, bone, cartilage, lung, peripheral nerve, skin, adipose tissue, and rarely other solid organs such as kidney and pancreas.