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Some Challenges in Millimeter Wave Antenna Designs for 5G

Even though the launch of 5G systems is just around the corner, there are a plethora of challenges and outstanding issues that are yet to be resolved. The purpose of this paper is to examine some these challenges from the point of view of antenna design for 5G. These include: low-cost and low-loss phase shifters for scanning array antennas; low-profile high gain aperture; wideband circularly polarized antenna elements for arrays; wide-angle beam scan.