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When the Going Gets Rough, the Rough Get Going: Leading in Combat

Leadership in dangerous, sometimes life or death, situations may call for different skills compared to managing a team of workers in a corporate setting. This chapter reviews recent research that defines the type of attributes that these in extremis leaders possess, including inherent task motivation, embracing continuous learning, sharing risk with followers, having a common lifestyle with followers, and having and inspiring high competence, trust, and loyalty. How such leaders develop psychological body armor is reviewed, with emphases on courage and resilience. Approaches to influencing others in dangerous situations and how organizations may be built and structured to support leadership when threat to life and well-being is tangible are considered. The chapter concludes with a model that helps clarify and define different types of in extremis situations and how these leadership styles and traits may apply in nonmilitary settings.