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Influence of the muscle tension on the masseteric silent period in children and adults.

Three subject groups who have shown different biting forces were examined in order to investigate whether the physiological phenomenon that the duration of the silent period (SPD) of the masseter muscle would be influenced by background activities of the muscles. They were classified into child (CN, n = 10) and adult groups; the adult group was then further subdivided according to the strength of maximum biting force into a normal group (AN, n = 10) and a low biting force group with some symptoms (AS, n = 5). SPD was observed in the masseter muscles by applying chin tap stimulations during both clenching teeth (10%, 50% and maximum) and biting on a transducer (50 N, 100 N and maximum). With increase of muscle activities, SPD was significantly decreased in the AN and CN groups, whereas no significant changes were found in the AS group. When comparing SPDs among the three groups at the same voluntary effort, the AN group exhibited the shortest SPD followed by the CN and AS groups. The results suggest that SPD was positively influenced by the strength of the background activities of the muscles and that immaturity of the masseters in terms of muscle activity could affect the SPD.