{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.037764606265876376, 'fraction_numerical': 0.018628281117696866, 'mean_word_length': 5.533185840707965, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 2, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 2, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Evaluation of Prescription Pattern of The Drugs Used in Patients Diagnosed with Acute Coronary Syndrome A Pilot Study

Background: Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries, which explains the need for rational prescribing of drugs to the patients. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the different classes of existing drug treatment strategies used in the management of Acute Coronary Syndrome(ACS) Aim: To determine the current prescription pattern of the drugs used in patients diagnosed with the acute coronary syndrome, to improve the management of the patients with ACS and to identify the rationality of prescription pattern. Materials and Methods: A total of 16 patients were randomly selected for the pilot study who are diagnosed with ACS. The patient’s prescription pattern was collected based on specially designed proforma from the inpatient and outpatient department of Cardiology. Results: In this study, a total of 16 patients with ACS were examined and the occurrence of ACS was more in males than females. Most of the patients were in the age group 50-60 years. The prescription pattern of various cardiovascular drugs includes anti-platelets 16 (100%), anti-hyperlipidemic 14(87%), anti-coagulants 14(87%), nitrates, anti-hypertensives. The most commonly prescribed class of drugs for Acute Coronary Syndrome were Anti-Platelets (100%) followed by anti-coagulants (87%) and antihyperlipidemic (87%). Conclusion: This study shows an inclusive perception of the pattern of drugs prescribed to the patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome and here most of the prescribed drugs are antiplatelets, statins, anticoagulants, and beta-blockers which shows the rational prescribing behavior of the physicians. Gifty Mariam Raj1, Jefrin E Daniel1, Josna Joseph1, Rahul R 1, Sree Lekshmi R S2*, Subash Chandran M P3, Prasobh G R4 1_ Fifth Pharm D Students, Sree Krishna College of Pharmacy and Research Centre, Thiruvananthapuram Kerala-695502. India. 2*_ Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Sree Krishna College of Pharmacy and Research Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala695502. India. 3_Professor and Head of Department of Pharmaceutics, Sree Krishna College of Pharmacy and Research Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala-695502. India. 4_ Department of Pharmacy Practice, Sree Krishna College of Pharmacy and Research Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala-695502. India. Submitted: 20 September 2021 Accepted: 26 September 2021 Published: 30 October 2021 www.ijppr.humanjournals.com Citation: Sree Lekshmi R S et al. Ijppr.Human, 2021; Vol. 22 (3): 26-41. 27 INTRODUCTION: Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains the leading reason behind death worldwide [1]. Clinical manifestations embrace stable angina, acute coronary syndromes (ACS), cardiopathy, and unexpected death. The term ACS encompasses ST-elevation infarction (STEMI) and non-ST elevation ACS (NSTE-ACS), that includes non-ST elevation infarction (NSTEMI) and unstable angina (UA) . The typical care for patients with ACS comprises initial coronary angiography with a view to revascularization with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) . Patients with STEMI typically present severely with severe unending cardiac chest pain and ST elevation on a 12lead electrocardiogram (ECG). The term ACS includes a clinical range of pathophysiology and demonstrations of symptomatic coronary disease. This is generally due to atherosclerotic plaque rupture, ulceration, or loss that results in intraluminal thrombus development and compromises myocardial blood flow leading to myocardial necrosis and release of cardiac enzymes . The acute coronary symptom is often caused due to atherosclerotic coronary artery (plaque formation and rupture), ischemic cascade, myocardial infarction, coronary artery embolism, and coronary spasm . The signs and symptoms of ACS usually begin abruptly. They include chest pain, pain radiating from chest to shoulders, arms, back neck, upper abdomen, it also includes nausea and vomiting, dyspnea (shortness of breath), diaphoresis (sudden/rapid sweating), dizziness, indigestion, tiredness, pressure/tightness/burning sensation in chest and palpitation. The risk factors for ACS are the same as those for other types of heart disease . Thus, the risk factors include; aging, high blood pressure (hypertension), high blood cholesterol(dyslipidemia), smoking, lack of physical activity, diabetes mellitus, obesity, family history, alcoholism, h/o preeclampsia during pregnancy, chronic kidney disease, inflammatory markers, diet and sedentary lifestyle . ACS is a medical emergency that requires prompt diagnosis and care. The diagnosis includes an electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiogram, chest x-ray, myocardial perfusion imaging, computerized tomography (CT) angiogram, stress test, blood tests, and serum cardiac markers analyses . The primary pathophysiology in ACS is reduced blood flow to a portion of heart musculature which is generally secondary to plaque rupture and development of thrombus. Occasionally ACS can be secondary to vasospasm with or without primary atherosclerosis. The outcome is www.ijppr.humanjournals.com Citation: Sree Lekshmi R S et al. Ijppr.Human, 2021; Vol. 22 (3): 26-41. 28 reduced blood flow to a part of the heart musculature resulting primarily in ischemia and then infarction of that part of the heart . In this prospective observational study patients satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria and who are willing to participate in the study are included after obtaining their informed consent. All the relevant information regarding the study will be collected from the patient information sheet, case management of patients with acute coronary syndrome and to identify the rationality of prescription pattern. METHODS AND MATERIALS