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Lead neurotoxicity: neuronal and non-neuronal cell survival in fetal and adult DRG cell cultures.

In the present study, neural cell cultures of fetal and adult mouse dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were prepared, exposed to various concentrations of lead (Pb) for two different schedules, and dose survival curves obtained. For the late exposure (LE) to Pb, Pb was applied from 8 DIV to 20 DIV (12 day exposure) while for the early exposure (EE), Pb was applied from 2 DIV to 20 DIV (18 day exposure). For LE there was evidence for increased vulnerability of adult compared to fetal neurons and the LD50 for both was greater than 100 microM. For both LE and EE and for both adult and fetal tissue, the non-neuronal cells were much more sensitive to the toxic Pb effects than neurons. For the LE, the adult and the fetal non-neuronal cells had LD50s of 28 microM and 58 microM respectively. For EE the LD50 for adult neurons was 35 microM. The differential effect of Pb on fetal and adult non-neuronal cells observed for LE was reversed in direction for EE; the LD50 for adult non-neuronal cells being 5.5 microM and the LD50 for fetal non-neuronal cells being only 1.7 microM, making the fetal cells about three times more sensitive than adult non-neuronal cells. An explanation of the differential effects of Pb on neurons and non-neuronal cells and on adult and fetal cells was proposed which incorporated known cell dynamics in vitro.