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Lifetime maximization of the first dead node in a WSN

Cluster head selection influences the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) lifetime by balancing energy consumption between the nodes. In this aim, most of the previous research studies have considered the residual energies and the distances to the base station of the nodes. We assume that the WSN lifetime depends on the lifetime of the first dead node; therefore, we focused on this criterion. This paper presents an improved energy-efficient protocol based on K-means in which the distance and the residual energy are the parameters used in the maximization of the lifetime of the first dead node. Our proposed protocol is compared to its benchmark in two scenarios: when the base station is in the center of the nodes deploying area and when it is far from the center.