{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.041425818882466284, 'fraction_numerical': 0.025048169556840076, 'mean_word_length': 4.837078651685394, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Continuous-plus-on-demand epidural infusion of buprenorphine versus morphine in postoperative treatment of pain. Postoperative epidural infusion of buprenorphine.

In a randomized, double-blind study, buprenorphine was compared with morphine in the treatment of pain after major abdominal operations by means of continuous-plus-on-demand epidural infusion for constant analgesia. The patients received bolus epidural injections of 0.15 mg buprenorphine or 2 mg morphine-HCl prior to an on-demand epidural infusion of 0.03% buprenorphine or 0.25% morphine HCl at a basal rate of 0.06 ml/h. Over 50 h, mean buprenorphine consumption was 0.85 +/- 0.08 mg, and mean morphine consumption was 6.4 +/- 0.5 mg. Under the treatment, no discomfort or side-effects necessitating treatment occurred. We conclude that buprenorphine is a useful substitute for morphine in the treatment of pain after major abdominal operations by continuous-plus-on-demand epidural infusion, and that the relative analgesic potency ratio of epidural buprenorphine is 8.