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Levomepromazine for nausea and vomiting in palliative care.

BACKGROUND
Nausea and vomiting are common, distressing symptoms for patients receiving palliative care. There are several agents which can be used to treat these symptoms. Levomepromazine is an antipsychotic drug which is commonly used to alleviate nausea and vomiting in palliative care settings.


OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the efficacy of and adverse events (both minor and serious) associated with the use of levomepromazine for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in palliative care patients.


SEARCH METHODS
We searched the electronic databases including CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and EMBASE using relevant search terms and synonyms in March 2013.


SELECTION CRITERIA
Randomised controlled trials of levomepromazine for the treatment of nausea or vomiting, or both, for adults receiving palliative care. Studies where symptoms were thought to be due to pregnancy or surgery were excluded.


DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
The potential relevance of studies was assessed based on titles and abstracts. Any study reports which appeared to meet the inclusion criteria were obtained for further assessment. All three authors read these papers to determine their suitability for inclusion and discussed discrepancies to achieve a consensus.


MAIN RESULTS
The search strategy identified 421 abstracts from which eight studies were considered but all were excluded from the review.


AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
No randomised controlled trials were identified examining the use of levomepromazine for nausea and vomiting in palliative care. Further studies of levomepromazine and other antiemetic agents are needed to provide better evidence for their use in this setting.