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Papillomavirus-associated neoplasms of dogs and cats

Papillomavirus oncogenesis as a benign process, clinically diagnosed as papillomatosis, is common in small domestic animals, in particular among cats and dogs, but in the nosological structure of neoplasms has a different ratio depending on the species. Recent data indicate the provocation of precancerous and neoplastic lesions in domestic species by the papillomatosis virus. Clinically, oncogenesis is associated with lesions of the skin and mucous membranes, which is determined by the tropicity of the virus, since the papillomavirus replication cycle is closely related to the differentiation of cells of the multilayer squamous epithelium, and in accordance with the morphological classification provokes the development of epithelial tumors without specific localization. The following neoplasms were identified in the structure of tumors of epithelial origin in dogs and cats: papilloma, squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma. Histological diagnosis was carried out using the allocation of specific criteria characteristic of tumors, regardless of cytogenesis. In statistical studies during the study period, organ-specific tumors in dogs amounted to 23,85%, in cats 12,5%. It is noted that papillomavirus infection is characterized by the specificity of lesions not only within one species, many histological criteria for certain types of tumors are similar in both cats and dogs. The concept of infectious oncology is used, which includes and combines the basic principles of infectious and oncological processes. Bibliographic analysis revealed the associativity of papillomavirus infection with specific neoplasms, depending on the taxonomy of the virus and the type of animal.