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Interactions of Traffic Dynamics, Mode of Travel and Urban Form with Human Exposure to Air Pollutants in Transportation Microenvironments

Humans dwelling in urban cores are regularly exposed to heightened levels of vehicle-based pollutants through various routes of exposure. Urban areas also offer opportunities such as greater multi-modal travel to reduce vehicle use and enhance public health through active living. Some of these modes of travel, such as bicycle commuting along traffic corridors, may reduce overall vehicle emissions but could increase an individual bicyclist's exposure to harmful pollutants. In order to understand and minimize such exposure to heightened concentrations of traffic-related pollutants, pollutant levels need to be characterized according to traffic dynamics, meteorological variables, type of roadway, and surrounding urban infrastructure. We present here preliminary work in an on-going project to assess real-time pollutant exposure of urban dwellers in high-volume corridors in the Portland metropolitan area and to correlate these pollutant levels with micro-level traffic characteristics, including vehicle mix, speeds, congestion, and acceleration.