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High Impact Loading Vs Repetitive Non-impact Loading And Radial Diaphysis Structure: 3619 Board #58 June 4, 9: 30 AM - 11: 00 AM.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this investigation was to assess the effect of sport-type on BMD among collegiate female athletes whom participated in either predominately lower and upper body or lower body sports. METHODS: Fifty female NCAA Division I-A athletes volunteered to participate. Over half (n = 29) of the participants were upper and lower body athletes (volleyball, tennis, golf, cheerleaders, and softball) while the remainder (n = 21) were principally lower body athletes (soccer and track). All participants completed a demographic questionnaire, submitted to anthropometric measurements (height, weight, body mass index, and body fat %) and underwent four regional scans (right/left radius and ulna and right/left femoral neck) on a Hologic QDR 4500W (S/N 49865) software version 11.2:5 dual x-ray absorptiometry. A one-way multivariate analysis of variance was executed utilizing the T-scores from the four BMD sites as the dependent variables and the sport type as the independent variable. RESULTS: Wilk’s Lambda .810, F(4, 45) = 2.64, p <.05 determined that there were significant differences between the two sport types. An eta squared indicated that 19% of the variance in the multivariate of BMD was explained by sport type. There was a strong indication that the BMD of the upper body in soccer athletes was inferior to that of their lower body; although, the sample size was too small to differentiate which sport type contributed most to the variance. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that sport type does impact BMD. Subsequently, there is a site specific adjustment to BMD at areas which receive the most mechanical stress and inferior BMD at less active sites. Strength training and sport medicine specialists must be aware of such imbalances in order to protect athletes from debilitating injuries.