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Performance Comparison of BB84 and B92 Satellite-Based Free Space Quantum Optical Communication Systems in the Presence of Channel Effects

Abstract The performance of single photon pulsed polarization based BB84 and B92 platforms against individual attacks for free space quantum optical communication links between a ground station and a satellite in the low earth orbit is compared. The comparison is attained by evaluating the quantum bit error rate and secure communication bit rate on secure optical link loss and the sensitivity of different parameters. Precisely, realistic experimental parameters are used and the obtained results are compared with those of other papers. Quantum bit error rates as low as 3.5% have been regularly obtained. Moreover, with repetition rate of 10MHz at the low earth orbit standard orbital altitude of 100 km and at zenith angle of 60 degrees, secure communication bit rates of ~ 280 kHz and ~ 70 kHz were received for the BB84 and B92, respectively. The obtained results show that the BB84 protocol exhibits better performance than B92 in the distribution of the secure communication key over long distance. Overall, these results reveal that it is possible to obtain secure key exchange in the low earth orbit, an idea which can be extended to other long distance laser links such as geostationary orbit.