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Realistic rendering for physically based shallow water simulation in Virtual Geographic Environments (VGEs)

Physically based realistic simulations enhance our understanding of complex environmental systems. In this paper, we analyse human perceptions of shallow water phenomena and present a set of physically based methods to visualize the dynamics of shallow water. A graphical processing units-based computing framework is shown to facilitate interactive visualization. The Saint–Venant model is adopted to describe shallow water dynamics. High-frequency waves are reconstructed from the flow directions to enrich the high-frequency waves for coarsely scaled georeferenced grids and to provide a better representation of the underlying flow field. The light-transport model is derived based on a simplified radioactive transfer process in which the scattering and absorption of water can be parameterized to reflect the optical behaviours of various water constituents. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed visualization methods can provide enhanced realism for physically based shallow water simulation.