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Basic principles and applications of digital holographic microscopy

Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is a modern technology allowing three-dimensional (3D) real-time non-destructive marker-free quantitative-phase imaging of inspected samples. DHM ranges from biological and biomedical applications to engineered surfaces metrology. In this Chapter we review the fundamentals of DHM. Starting from a theoretical analysis, we overview the main application fields of DHM. This Chapter introduces the reader in the field of DHM while providing a complete bibliography for a deeper study. As an example of application, we present the analysis of the capabilities provided by DHM when studying a fixed swine sperm biosample.