{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.020892151326933936, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 5.587360594795539, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
A Review On Molecular Basis Of Plant Architecture

Higher plants establish a great diversity of aesthetically pleasing structures, consistent with the conventional concept of architecture related to buildings, implicating both art and science and specifying both form and function. Although plant architecture is to some extent influenced by environmental factors such as light, temperature, humidity, nutrition, and plant density, plant architecture is determined mainly by the plant's genetic program. Therefore, plant architecture is the best means to identify a plant. Studies of plant architecture and its influences on human existence are steeped in a long history. Extensive research on plant architecture has been focused on the fundamental questions, such as how a plant maintains the activity of its shoot apical meristem (SAM) and initiates the axillary meristems (AMs), when AMs begin to grow to generate branches, when the SAM starts to produce the inflorescence meristems and then floral organs, and when shoots begin to elongate and stop . These questions have been addressed mainly by using both the dicotyledonous plants Arabidopsis, Antirrhinum, petunia, pea, and tomato, and the monocotyledonous plants maize and rice, strengthening our comprehension of the molecular regulatory mechanisms of plant architecture. Crop plants with desirable architecture are able to produce much higher grain yields, as in the case of the “Green Revolution” in which grain yields have been significantly increased by growing lodging-resistant semidwarf varieties of wheat and rice. Therefore, understanding the mechanism that underlies plant architecture will not only address the fundamental issues in plant science but also facilitate the breeding of high-yield crops.