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Anti‐obesity action of Salix matsudana leaves (Part 1). Anti‐obesity action by polyphenols of Salix matsudana in high fat‐diet treated rodent animals

In preliminary experiments, polyphenol fractions prepared from the leaves of Salix matsudana reduced the elevation of the rat plasma triacylglycerol level at 3 and 4 h after oral administration of a lipid emulsion containing corn oil, at a dose of 570 mg/kg. The present study examined the anti‐obesity action of polyphenol fractions of S. matsudana leaves by testing whether the polyphenol fractions prevented the obesity induced by feeding a high‐fat diet to female mice for 9 weeks. Body weights at 2–9 weeks and the ﬁnal parametrial adipose tissue weights were signiﬁcantly lower in mice fed the high‐fat diet with 5% polyphenols of S. matsudana leaves than in those fed the high‐fat diet alone. The polyphenols of S. matsudana leaves also signiﬁcantly reduced the hepatic total cholesterol content, which was elevated in mice fed the high‐fat diet alone. In addition, the polyphenol fractions of S. matsudana leaves inhibited palmitic acid uptake into brush border membrane vesicles prepared from rat jejunum and α‐amylase activity, and their fractions enhanced norepinephrine‐induced lipolysis in fat cells. In conclusion, it is suggested that the inhibitory effects of the ﬂavonoid glycoside fraction of S. matsudana leaves on high‐fat diet‐induced obesity might be due to the inhibition of carbohydrate and lipid absorption from small intestine through the inhibition of α‐amylase and palmitic acid uptake into small intestinal brush border membrane or by accelerating fat mobilization through enhancing norepinephrine‐induced lipolysis in fat cells. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.