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Simulations of Material Flows in a District Heating System-Influence of Solar Heating and Flue Gas Condensing

Stockholm Energi is the main supplier of district heating and electricity in the city of Stockholm. A systems analysis of introducing flue gas condensing and solar heating in the southern part of Stockholm was made. In this, annual flows of carbon, nitrogen, sulphur and phosphorus were studied. An Excel based simulation model was developed for calculations and presentation of results. A combination of flue gas condensing, solar heating and long-term heat storage would decrease the flow of the studied materials with 15 20 %. Material Flow Analysis proved to be an interesting possibility to study environmental pressure from energy systems.