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Nanoplasmonic resonance integrated with optofluidics for biochemical sensing and identification

Nano-Plasmonics possesses unique physical properties that enable localization of optical fields beyond the diffraction limit. These highly confined/nanoscale optical modes will enhance light/matter interactions in systems with free electrons in micro/nanoscale geometric structures. Metal-dielectric fluid interfaces can support surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), which are electromagnetic modes interacting with free electron oscillations. Research work is described on using optofluidic plasmonic chips for implementation of an optofluidic plasmonic sensor, demonstrating in situ, real time, label-free detection of protein-protein interaction. SPP lineshape is modified from Fano to Lorentz for increase of the figure of merit to increase the limit of detection. Novel metal-dielectric nanoresonator composites is presented to increase the surface sensitivity by exciting localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in combination with SPP readout, enabling higher surface field localization. In order to solve the long time challenging issue of overlapping molecule of interest onto LSPR to realize the maximal interaction cross-section, micro-nanofluidics integrated nanochip was developed. We employed electrokinetic forces to control and manipulate the nanoparticles onto the predefined positions.