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Function and application of the Eutrema salsugineum PHT1;1 gene in phosphate deficiency stress.

Low availability of inorganic phosphate (Pi) in soil is often a limiting factor for plant growth and productivity. Phosphate transporter plays an important role in the absorption and utilization of phosphorus in plants. Eutrema salsugineum shows strong tolerance under stress conditions, but the function of the Eutrema salsugineum PHT1 genes has not been systematically studied yet. This study isolated a phosphate transporter gene (EsPHT1;1) from halophyte Eutrema salsugineum and functionally characterized it in the herbaceous model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, and one important oil crop species, soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Under Pi deficient conditions, transgenic Arabidopsis and transgenic soybean grew better and exhibited significant improvement in root growth, biomass accumulation and seed yield compared with wild-type (WT) plants. These phenotypic enhancements were more apparent under inadequate Pi conditions than those under sufficient or no Pi conditions, which was in agreement with the observation that the transgenic plants accumulated higher amount of Pi and total P in shoots and roots than WT plants did only when inadequate Pi was supplied. Results of the present study indicate that overexpression of EsPHT1;1 gene can efficiently enhance the growth and reproductive performance of both Arabidopsis and soybean plants challenged by low phosphorus stress, which results recapitulated the important role of PHT1;1 in dealing with Pi deficiency.