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Studies on the nuclear envelope as a radiation-sensitive site in mammalian cells: the absence of an effect on the binding of nuclear membrane-associated DNA.

Experiments were performed to distinguish between two possible critical sites for radiation-induced reproductive death: (1) DNA-nuclear membrane attachment points and (2) peripheral DNA. Two different procedures varying in the degree of mechanical disruption during and following nuclear lysis were employed. In no case was any quantitative change in the nuclear membrane-associated DNA observed for cells irradiated with 500 to 20,000 rad. Furthermore, when samples of purified nuclear membrane from irradiated cells were analyzed for evidence of radiation-induced covalent cross linking of DNA to membrane protein or lipid, no qualitative effect of irradiation on the interaction was detected. The results suggest that radiation does not disrupt the DNA-membrane association points; therefore, the nuclear peripheral DNA is implicated as a critical target for reproductive death.