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Intake of 2 Eggs or Oatmeal for Breakfast does not Increase Biomarkers for Heart Disease while Eggs Improve Liver Enzymes and Raise HDL Cholesterol in Young Healthy Individuals

We hypothesized that consuming 2 eggs per day for breakfast would not increase biomarkers of heart disease in a young healthy population. We recruited 26 women and 24 men aged 18‐30 y old with healthy plasma lipid profiles and plasma glucose, a BMI of 23.3 ± 3.2 kg/m2 in addition to normal systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Participants were randomly allocated to consume a breakfast of either 2 eggs per day or a packet of oatmeal per day for 4 weeks. Following a 3 week washout participants were allocated to the alternate dietary treatment. Blood was collected at the end of each period to assess plasma lipid profiles, plasma glucose, liver enzymes and C‐reactive protein (CRP). In spite of the additional 460 mg of dietary cholesterol per day during the egg period, we observed no changes in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, LDL/HDL ratio, plasma triglycerides, systolic or diastolic blood pressure, body weight, plasma glucose or CRP when compared to the oatmeal breakfast. However, liver enzymes alanine amino transferase and aspartate amino transferase were lower (p < 0.05) during the egg period. Further, we observed that HDL cholesterol consistently increased after the egg period (p < 0.05) while HDL cholesterol decreased following the oatmeal period. These results indicate that for healthy young men and women consumption of two eggs per day appears to be a healthy breakfast in that eggs did not impact plasma lipids or glucose negatively but in contrast were beneficial for liver enzymes and HDL cholesterol.