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Simulation method of forest return waveform for large-footprint LiDAR

The application of space-borne lidar data in forestry is mainly focused on the inversion of forest parameters. However, there are many complex input parameters in the GORT(geometrical optical radiation transmission) model used in space-borne large-spot full-waveform lidar echo simulator, which are difficult to obtain and rely on empirical formulas. As a result, there is no unified and complete forest space model. In this paper, We perform data processing and feature parameter extraction on point cloud data, then we establish a forest echo model including sensor design parameters, vegetation and ground parameters in the target area, and laser radiation transmission characteristics. We compared the simulated forest echo wave with the corresponding GLAS wave in the experimental area. The results show that the correlation coefficient between the simulated forest echo waveform and the GLAS waveform is greater than 0.80.