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Involvement of retinoic acid‐inducible gene‐I in inflammation of rheumatoid fibroblast‐like synoviocytes

Interferon (IFN)‐γ is a major cytokine that regulates T helper 1‐type immune reactions and serves as an important mediator in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Retinoic acid‐inducible gene‐I (RIG‐I) is an IFN‐γ‐inducible gene and known to be involved in the inflammatory and immune reactions. In the present study, we found high levels of RIG‐I expression in synovial tissues of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), while the expression in osteoarthritis tissues was low. Treatment of cultured fibroblast‐like synoviocytes with IFN‐γ markedly induced the expression of RIG‐I. Knockdown of RIG‐I in fibroblast‐like synoviocytes, with specific siRNA, resulted in the inhibition of the IFN‐γ‐induced expression of chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10)/IFN‐γ‐inducible protein‐10 (IP‐10), a chemokine with chemotactic activity towards T cells. These findings suggest that RIG‐I may play an important role in the pathogenesis of synovial inflammation in RA, at least in part, by regulating the IFN‐γ‐induced expression of CXCL10/IP‐10.