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Antiidiotypic antibody to reovirus binds to neurons and protects from viral infection

A syngeneic monoclonal antiidiotype directed against the idiotype of an antireovirus type 3 hemagglutinin demonstrates several of the biological actions of the original viral hemagglutinin and binds to rat and murine cortical neurons grown in dissociated cell culture. Receptor‐bearing neurons appear within 24 hours of plating in cultures from mouse or rat cortex taken on embryonic day 15; these neurons are demonstrable for the duration of the culture life span (4 to 8 weeks). When cortical cultures are incubated with antiidiotype before or during exposure to reovirus, the antiidiotype protects neurons from type 3 infection without inhibiting infection of nonneuronal cells with either type 3 or type 1. Thus an antibody directed against a viral receptor can prevent infection of receptor‐bearing cells without directly neutralizing the virus.