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Phase control of a two-channel ionization system

A theoretical analysis of the phase control of a two-channel atomic ionization scheme is given. We report results on phase-selective excitation, both with square and smooth laser pulses. We show that the phenomenon of population trapping, which is known to occur in this system, can be greatly influenced by the phase difference of the lasers involved in the excitation. As a result, the time dependences of the ionization probability, the populations in the bound states and the form of the photoelectron energy spectra can all be controlled by varying the phase difference of the lasers. We also show that for specific atomic and phase parameters population can be entirely trapped within a superposition state, totally immune to decay, with no ionization whatsoever.