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Metabolically inactive 3T3 cells can substitute for marrow stromal cells to promote the proliferation and development of multipotent haemopoietic stem cells

When highly enriched multipotential spleen colony forming cells (CFU‐S) obtained following fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS‐CFU‐S) are cultured on marrow stromal cells, they undergo proliferation and development to produce mature haemopoietic cells (Spooncer et al., Nature, 316:62–64, 1985). We now show that FACS‐CFU‐S behave in a similar way when cultured on monolayers of 3T3 cells, indicating that the 3T3 cells can supply at least part of the environment which is representative of marrow stromal cells and provide, therefore, a system for studying stromal cell: haemopoietic cell interactions. We also demonstrate that IL‐3‐dependent multipotential stem cell lines (FDCP‐Mix), but not a variety of other “committed” IL‐3‐dependent cell lines, resemble FACS‐CFU‐S in terms of their ability to proliferate and differentiate when cultured on 3T3 cells in the absence of IL‐3. In this system, attachment of the FDCP‐Mix to the 3T3 cells is critical for the subsequent maintenance of viability and stimulation of development of the cells. When the FDCP‐Mix cells are physically separated from the 3T3 cells, they die and their death cannot be prevented by using 3T3‐cell‐conditioned medium. The extracellular matrix generated by 3T3 cells is not sufficient for promoting attachment or viability of the FDCP‐Mix cells, indicating the importance of integral membrane components. However, attachment and development of FDCP‐Mix cells occurs on 3T3 cells that have been lightly fixed with glutaraldehyde indicating that active metabolism is not essential for the effects promoted by the 3T3 cells. We suggest that the ability of FACS‐CFU‐S and FDCP‐Mix cells to respond to 3T3 cells involves specific ligand/receptor interactions.