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Top-down control of dynamic anisotropy in permalloy thin films with stripe domains

Permalloy films with different thickness were prepared for comparison, and the dynamic properties of the stripe domains were investigated by using a vector network analyzer ferromagnetic resonance (VNA-FMR) technique. A top-down approach was used to control the thickness of the films. In the measurement of permeability spectra, an applied magnetic field Happ was employed parallel and perpendicular to the stripe domains, respectively. Dynamic pseudo-uniaxial anisotropy fields are derived. In order to explain the anisotropy variation of permalloy films, a theoretical model has been proposed, and the result shows that the pseudo-uniaxial anisotropy can be attributed to the contributions of saturation magnetization, exchange interaction, perpendicular anisotropy, and film thickness. In addition, with the increase of Happ, the stripe domains gradually rotate towards the direction of the applied field, which can be clearly observed by magnetic force microscopy. Moreover, the dynamic permeability spectra exhibit a rhythmic variation dependent on the rotation of the stripe domains, i.e. the relationship between the rotational stripe domains and resonance frequency.