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Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Cascaded With FBG for Simultaneous Measurement of Magnetic Field and Temperature

A kind of composite structure consisting of Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) cascaded with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is proposed for simultaneous measurement of magnetic field and temperature. The MZI structure consists of a pair of up-tapered joints, which are used to excite high order modes and re-couple them to the fiber core. The structure is immersed in magnetic fluid to make it magnetically sensitive. The cascaded FBG is employed for temperature compensation. Simultaneous measurement of magnetic field and temperature can be achieved by monitoring the transmission spectra of MZI and FBG. The magnetic field sensitivity of the proposed sensing structure can be up to 407.82 pm/mT in the range of 0–25 mT. The advantages of the proposed sensing structure lie in low cost, simple structure, easy manufacture, and strong robustness, which make it attractive in the field of magnetic field sensing.