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Poly (ε-caprolactone)/Poly (lactic acid) fibers produced by rotary jet spinning for skin dressing with antimicrobial activity

The rotary jet spinning technique permits the production of biomaterials that can be used as devices that come into contact with biological systems (including biological fluids) for diagnostic or surgical applications. These materials are composed of synthetic or natural compounds and allow the incorporation of drugs for therapeutic purposes. Two solutions containing 50% poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and 50% poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) diluted in three different solvents were prepared for rotary jet spinning (RJS) process. Vancomycin, an antibiotic indicated for the treatment of severe staphylococcal infections in patients with penicillin allergy, was added in the polymer solutions, to obtain drug-loaded fibrous mats. Morphological surface characterization by scanning electron microscopy revealed heterogeneous pores in the microfibers. Vancomycin loading interfered with the morphology of all samples in terms of fiber size, leading to smaller diameter fibers. Attenuated total reflectance/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used for identification of the samples. The vibrational characteristics of PCL/PLA and vancomycin were consistent with expectations. Vero cell culture assays by the extract dilution and direct contact methods revealed the absence of cytotoxicity, except for the sample prepared with 50% of PCL and of a 9/2 (V/V) vancomycin content, with the growth of confluent and evenly spread cells on the fibrous mats surface. Microbiological analysis, performed on Staphylococcus aureus by the halo inhibition test and by the broth dilution method, showed that the antibacterial activity of vancomycin was maintained by the loading process in the polymer fibers. The results showed that rotary jet spinning produces satisfactory amounts of Vancomycin-loaded fibers, as potential web dressing for wound repair