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Overcoming challenges in the diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni infections using recombinant protein technology

Control constraints of Schistosomiasis include the lack of diagnostic methods with high sensitivity. We develop a prospective study in southeast Brazil to standardize new sensitive diagnostic methods for Schistosoma mansoni infection. Currently, we are investigating 6 endemic areas (>1000 individuals with chronic infection) and 84 travelers infected in a freshwater pool (with acute infection). Sera, urine, feces, saliva and spinal cord liquid samples were used for the standardization/validation of innovative methods, including acute, chronic, post‐treatment and myeloradiculopathy schistosomiasis patients. Comparisons are performed with eggs in feces, IgG titers, encephalomyelitis by NMR and clinical symptoms. With our new method using a selected recombinant protein called CCAr, we were able to detect the disease early as 10 days post‐infection and more than 95% of positive cases from chronic and low endemicity areas were obtained. Recombinant protein technology allowed a superior detection method when comparing it to the purified glycoprotein and/or its synthetic peptides. Now, monoclonal antibodies anti‐CCAr are been produced for improvement of the diagnosis by promoting direct diagnosis, together with implementation of large scale recombinant production. Data showed 100% of sensitivity of chronic patients and 98% of acute patients.