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HUMAN ORIENTATION IN PROLONGED WEIGHTLESSNESS (ISS HRF-E085)

This Human Research Facility (HRF) experiment focuses on how human spatial orientation mechanisms adapt during prolonged (3-6 month) exposure to weightlessness, and the time course of readaptation after return to earth. It will utilize the HRF Rack 2 Workstation as a "science kiosk" for the crew to study the role of visual, vestibular, and hap tic cues on spatial orientation. The removal of gravity alters the sensory integration process, as evidenced by the orientation illusions and motion sickness that have been reported in weightlessness, and the profound disorientation and malaise seen in some individuals after prolonged spaceflight. The five test procedures in the E085 experiment are designed to investigate the following questions: (1) How does the perception of orientation rely on static and dynamic visual cues, (2) Does the illusory self-motion change in microgravity due to changes in graviceptor stimulation, and (3) Does the spatial frame of reference used by the astronaut influence their ability to interpret ambiguous objects? In this paper, we will describe the design and development of the flight hardware, software and experiment protocols. Some relevant scientific background is also provided.