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Characterization of stormwater runoff from a bridge deck and approach highway: effects on receiving water quality

Nonpoint source pollution represents one of the largest environmental problems currently facing water quality professionals. A fraction of this pollution is conveyed to receiving waters by stormwater drainage from highways. Some highway runoff is treated by structural or non-structural systems (best management practices [BMPs]) or is diverted to municipal treatment systems depending on locale. However, much highway runoff and almost all bridge deck runoff enter receiving streams without treatment. Highway runoff may contain suspended solids, metals, oil and grease, fecal coliform, and oxygen demanding organics. Highway runoff characteristics have been reported in some detail over the years; however, limited data on the characteristics of runoff from bridge decks are available. The objectives of this study are: characterization of bridge deck and approach highway stormwater runoff in three different geographical areas of Texas; a statistical comparison of the water quality characteristics of stormwater runoff from the bridge surface and the approach highway at each site; and an assessment of the impacts of the runoff on the quality of the receiving water at each site.