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WHO recommended tools to improve diagnosis of active and drug resistant tuberculosis

The successful arrest or cure of tuberculosis (TB) depends largely on early case detection and proper treatment. Currently, several promising diagnostic tools with improved sensitivity and speed are available. Old microscopic and culture based technologies have been revisited and new molecular technologies have been developed. In recent years, World Health Organization (WHO) evaluated and endorsed different TB diagnostic tools and published various policy statements. These policy statements address improvements in smear microscopy, use of commercial and non-commercial culture based techniques and rapid molecular assays. This is the first comprehensive review compiling pros and cons of WHO recommended TB diagnostic tools for effective implementation in TB endemic regions.