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Doping effects on structure, morphology and magnetic properties of SmFe1−xMnxO3 nanopowders

The ReFeO3 (where Re is rare earth element) materials crystallize in a distorted perovskite structure with an orthorhombic unit cell. They exhibit a large number of novel and interesting physical phenomena, including magneto-optic effects, colossal magnetoresistance, high-Tc superconductivity, and multiferroic behaviors[1, 2]. These materials have widely potential applications in various fields, such as catalysts[3], solid oxide fuel cells[4], gas sensors[5], microwave absorbing materials[6], semiconductors[7], and magneto-optic materials[8]. Among the family of ReFeO3, SmFeO3 exhibits G-type antiferromagnetic ordering below TN=670K and an easy axis rotation transition (spin reorientation transition, SR) from c-axis to a-axis, which occurs at a quite high temperature TSR=480K. Lee et al. reported that the canted antiferromagnetic ordering causes extraordinary polarization in SmFeO3 and spontaneous magnetization reversal at cryogenic temperatures. This reversal is attributed to the activation of the Sm magnetism (4f-electrons), which is antiparallel to the Fe (3d-electrons).