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Adaptive silicon monochromators for high-heat-load insertion devices

A new concept of adaptive silicon crystal monochromator for high heat load insertion devices is proposed in order to dynamically correct the thermal distortion by piezoelectric translators as a function of beam power. Shapes and dimensions of cooling channel was optimized by testing various types of grooved crystals using a 27-pole wiggler magnet beamline. The results indicate that the cooling efficiency of grooved silicon crystals can be improved by replacing a conventional semicircular cooling channel with a flat cooling channel with an optimized dimension. The results of rocking curve measurement showed an energy resolution ((Delta) E/E approximately 2 X 10-4). A prototype of adaptive first crystal with grooves was fabricated using a new diffusion bond technique. It was found that the crystal surface was precisely bent to a radius of several hundred meters by a piezoelectric device. An adaptive approach to the second crystal using an inchworm mortor was presented for dynamical sagittal focusing for realizing the energy-independent horizontal focus.