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INDUSTRIAL MONITORING: A CYTOGENETIC APPROACH

There are compelling reasons for study of actual or potential genetic hazards within chemical industry populations. First. many companies within the industry offer employee populations and subpopulations of significant size involved in the production of chemicals, some of which are suspected of being genetic hazards. The number of individuals available for study is generally large enough for good study design and statistical analysis. Second, by studying these populations, we can develop reliable information about toxicological safety factors by utilizing human experience. Choice of the chemical to study is facilitated by previous findings in other test systems, what is known of biological alkylating ability, and mutagenic and carcinogenic considerations. Third, responsible monitoring and clinical studies that involve cytogenetic analysis on man himself will safeguard employees by insuring that appropriate protective measures can be taken upon early identification of potential hazards. Cytogenetic monitoring of industrial populations becomes a reliable and objective method of evaluating change in genetic material when the population under surveillance is of significant size, is relatively stable and healthy, and when there is known exposure to specific chemical compounds. Viewed under these criteria, certain companies in the chemical industry can be considered ideally suited to institute responsible studies of this kind. Employee turnover rates tend to be low, there is adequate technology for accurate monitoring, and there is the scientific capability to evaluate what changes may be found in the individual. In many cases, exact levels of exposure to chemical compounds, alone or in combination. are known. The work force of a large industrial complex permits evaluation of matched control groups. In addition, the availability of findings from periodic medical examinations and records from comprehensive health insurance plans can be used for the basis of cooperative studies by the occupational physician, epidemiologist, and cytogeneticist.