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G. Nutini Hugo and Bell Betty: The Structure and Historical Development of the Compadrazgo System in Rural Tlaxcala (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1980, £15.80 cloth; £6.60 paper). Pp. xvi + 494.

The compadrazgo is a form of fictive kinship in which durable bonds are established between two or more persons as the consequence of a sacramental or other ceremony in which they willingly participated together. Tylor's brief pointer to the etiquette of the compadrazgo, 'A man who will cheat his own father or his own son will keep faith with his compadre' (1861, p. 250), was all but ignored for eighty years and only now looks like being followed through. In this encyclopaedic treatment by Nutini and Bell, we have ample recompense for the neglect and we are promised a further volume on the topic. Those readers familiar with the compadrazgo and accustomed to the curt treatment it has received from the most distinguished authors will be glad to see nearly 500 pages and perhaps 200,000 words devoted to its circumstances in Volume 1 alone. This work may prove to become a sort of Mexican Debrett for those foreign fieldworkers and other residents who find themselves invited to act as sponsors at baptisms, weddings and other sacraments but who are not aware of the complexities of the obligations they are undertaking: much space is given to the details of correct behaviour, the proper exchange of gifts, the conventional treatment between compadres and so on. Apart from its utility as a manual or grammar which enables us to enter Tlaxcalan society with an insider's understanding of its processes, this volume combines a general survey of a significant Latin American system with a case study of a small, transitional semi-agricultural village in highland Central Mexico, Santa Maria Belen.