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Articulatory settings and the dynamics of second language speech production

1 Articulatory settings Differences in pronunciation between L1 and L2 speakers of the same language are partly due to different phoneme inventories of the different languages, in addition to realisational differences and different prosody or stress patterns. However, many studies point to existence of an additional, more global factor of language specific articulatory settings. It is assumed that the overall combination of the positioning of speech articulators such as the tongue, jaws and lips differs per language. The idea of a language specific articulatory setting dates back to at least the end of the 19th century (for a historical overview, see Jenner, 2001); the term articulatory setting itself originates from a 1964 article by Beatrice Honikman. In instructions for L2 pronunciation regular references are made to articulatory settings. But do these settings exist and can they be acquired by L2 learners?