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Genetic diversity for mineral element in seeds of Turkish oat landraces

Oat grain is an important cereal in the human diet and as an animal feed. It
 is cultivated in many regions of the world. This study was carried out to
 determine the variability in the element content of these oat gene sources
 collected from the West and Middle Black Sea Region of Turkey. Two hundred
 and fifty-six oat genotypes were examined under this study. The mean of
 mineral elements in landraces and commercial cultivars were 40.39 g kg-1 and
 36.16 g kg-1 for K, 23.90 g kg-1 and 28.51 g kg-1 for P, 12.47 g kg-1 and
 10.99 g kg-1 for Mg, 10.92 g kg-1 and 10.96 g kg-1 for Ca, 2.58 g kg-1 and
 2.36 g kg-1 for Na, 54.70 mg kg-1 and 53.02 mg kg-1 for Fe, 32.08 mg kg-1
 and 23.51 mg kg-1 for Mn, 25.39 mg kg-1 and 24.05 mg kg-1 for Zn and 8.26 mg
 kg-1 and 8.07 mg kg-1 for Cu, respectively. The ranges of mineral elements
 in the landraces were significantly higher than those in the commercial
 cultivars. The contributions of the first and second principal components
 (PC1 and PC2) to the total variation were 43.0% and 15.6%, respectively.
 These results indicate that examined oat landraces can provide a good source
 of diversity in mineral elements concentration and could be successfully
 used in biofortification programs.