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Protection against Vibrio cholerae El Tor infection by specific antibodies against mannose-binding hemagglutinin pili

Both specific polyclonal antiserum and monoclonal antibodies against mannose-binding hemagglutinin fimbriae of Vibrio cholerae (mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin [MSHA]) were shown to protect against experimental cholera caused by vibrios of the El Tor biotype in the infant mouse and in the rabbit intestinal loop models. MSHA-specific Fab immunoglobulin fragments were also protective. No protective effect was observed against challenge with V. cholerae O1 of the classical biotype. These results suggest that MSHA pili play an important role in the pathogenesis of cholera caused by the El Tor biotype of V. cholerae and that induction of intestinal anti-MSHA immunity may be a worthwhile additional objective in the development of oral cholera vaccines.