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Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein‐1(MCP‐1) released from hypoxic alveolar macrophages activates systemic mast cells

Alveolar hypoxia (FIO2 = 0.1) produces a rapid and widespread systemic inflammation in rats. We have shown that the inflammation is not initiated by low tissue PO2 but by a circulating mediator(s) released from alveolar macrophages (AMØ). This substance(s) activates mast cells (MC) which, in turn, initiate the inflammation. The MC secretagogue MCP‐1 is released by primary cultures of hypoxic AMØ, suggesting a role in this process. If MCP‐1 mediates the inflammation: 1) substances that prevent AMØ activation by hypoxia would also prevent MCP‐1 release, and 2) MC immersed in hypoxic AMØ supernatant would show MCP‐1 –dependent degranulation.