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A Comprehensive Water Quality Index for Water Quality Assessment in Xi'an Moat, China

Xi'an moat not only has the important function in urban hydrological environment, but also has great historical and cultural value. To evaluate the water quality of Xi'an moat, the water quality parameters were collected at 5 monitoring stations from January 2018 to December 2019. The collected parameters consist of pH, DO, TN, NH3-N, TP, COD, Chl-a and SD. In this paper, a criterion with water quality parameters and water eutrophication parameters is designed for water quality assessment, firstly. Secondly, a comprehensive water quality index is developed by using the coefficient of variation. The results show that the water quality collected at monitoring station 1 perform best quality and the water quality collected at monitoring station 4 and monitoring station 5 are inferior to other monitoring stations. Meanwhile, the water quality in summer outperform other seasons. The water quality assessment results illustrate that the proposed comprehensive water quality index can provide scientific support for decisions related to the water environment management of Xi'an moat and other waters. The results show that the water quality assessments of Xi'an moat satisfy the standard of surface water Class Ⅳ in most cases, which illustrates the water quality suit to the requirement of human body non-direct contact entertainment water.