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Evaluation of Soil Erosion Status of Flatland Micro-Watershed under Semi-Arid Conditions using MMF Model

: The semi-arid areas are considered to be very sensitive areas where the soil with little or no vegetation are exposed to short duration and high intensity precipitation leading to the occurrence of physical and chemical processes by soil erosion and further resulting into soil degradation. A study was conducted to observe soil erosion using Morgan-Morgan-Finney (MMF) model (for soil loss) in Patapur Micro-Watershed of Manvi Taluk in Raichur District, Karnataka, India. Remote sensing satellite data were used to create the land use/land cover maps, which in turn were used to create the Effective Hydrologic Depth (EHD), Crop Cover (CC), Plant Height (PH), Annual Interception (A), Ratio of actual [Et] to potential [Eo] evapotranspiration (Et/Eo) and Plant Cover Management factor (C) maps. Slope map was created by using Digital Elevation Model (DEM) map which in turn was used to create slope map of the area, and also soil data were used to generate maps of soil related parameters. Absence of vegetation or forest, unscientific agricultural practices are the main reasons for the soil loss taking place in the study area. The MMF model simulated 85.05 mm of runoff and 0.176 kg/m 2 of average transport capacity of soil particles due to runoff; the observed values were set to 108.15 mm and 0.184 kg/m 2 respectively. The average soil detachment rate by raindrop impact was observed to be 1.77 kg/m 2 by the model. The model estimated lowest and highest values of soil detachment by overland flow taking place in the study area ranges from 0.010 to 0.766 kg/m 2 , and that of soil detachment by raindrop impact ranges from 0.468 to 6.386 kg/m 2 . Model evaluation was performed by using percent difference (D), and value obtained by the same is -4.48%. Hence, introducing appropriate procedures based on the erosion severity predicted by MMF model in the catchment is vital for management of sustainable natural resources. sensitivity ratio ‘S’ was computed for the parameters of rainfall, slope, MS, BD, EHD, annual interception, Et/Eo and Rn. Sensitivity analysis was done by taking a base value. The lower input parameter values were taken 20% lower than the base value, and the higher input parameters were taken 40% more than the base value. This change was undertaken as the study area is a flatland in semi-arid conditions, and a slight change as small as ±10% would not cause a huge difference in the soil loss at the output. A negative value shows a decline in soil loss with increase in input parameter value.