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Simulation of spaceborne optical sensor data: I. Modeling capabilities with examples

Numerous instruments for UV-visible optical measurements of terrestrial backgrounds have recently flown or are scheduled for launch in the near future. In order to maximize the scientific return from such flight opportunities, simulations of data acquired by imaging and spectrographic imaging instruments spanning wide wavelength ranges are required to support experiment planning and post-launch data analysis/fusion activities. We are currently developing comprehensive capabilities for modeling these types of remote sensing data suitable for a number of mission-support applications, with specific focus on data acquired by the UVISI instruments on the Midcourse Space Experiment satellite. These capabilities are described in this presentation. The core modeling capabilities reside in a suite of well-tested first principles and empirical modeling codes for atmospheric radiances arising from a variety of physical processes (e.g., photoelectron impact excitation, Rayleigh and aerosol scattering, solar resonance and resonant fluorescence scattering, chemistry). Image generation and LOS spectral radiance evaluation techniques permitting continual change in observer location and viewing geometry without incurring large computational burdens have been set up to ingest the radiance modeling results to create high fidelity synthetic satellite data. Illustrative examples are presented.