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Beckstrand's concept of practice theory: a critique.

This article sets forth objections to Beckstrand's (1978a, 1978b, 1980) claim that the knowledge required for nursing practice is reducible to the knowledge of science, ethics, and logic. Her view overlooks the role of knowledge of individuals and of moral ideals in nursing, neither of which fits her conceptions of science and ethics. We conclude there are questions unique to nursing that a practice theory must address.