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Parametrization of thin ice in a coupled ice‐ocean model: Application to the seasonal ice cover in the sea of okhotsk

Abstract The Okhotsk Sea is partially covered with sea ice from November to May, and is an indicator of climate variability. A coupled ice‐ocean model has been implemented to simulate the sea‐ice cover and also to explore individual processes considered important to the ice cover. A new category was added to the original two‐category ice model: this category is very thin ice, which would otherwise be a mixture of open water and thick ice. The thin ice can be crucial to ice growth and decay by reducing atmospheric cooling during the ice formation season and by reflecting solar radiation during the melting season. This ice category is assumed to merge with the thick ice category, as it is compressed as a consequence of the internal ice pressure. The model simulation for an individual ice season (seven months) has shown that the effects of reducing atmospheric cooling and reflecting solar radiation almost cancel each other, producing minor differences in the total ice volume, at least in the simulated cases. However, the increases in ice concentration are better simulated in the new version, and are in agreement with satellite remote sensing data, particularly in the northern region where there is ice divergence. The model is able to reproduce year‐to‐year variability in the ice‐covered area in the Okhotsk Sea.