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Looking Back Before We Move Forward: A Systematic Review of Research on Open Educational Resources

Open educational resources have been around for fifteen years since the term was adopted for the first time in 2002. To explore its research development progress research focuses, this study reviewed literature on OER from the year of 2002 to 2019 with a bibliometric method based on six indicators including publication year, distribution by country/area, distribution by institution, citation burst detection, top keywords, and highly cited publications. Based on the findings, five recommendations are proposed: (1) enhance international cooperation, (2) pay attention to OER’s impact on developing countries, (3) explore sustainable mechanisms of OER projects, (4) improve the quality of OER, and (4) promote teacher training about OER. Hopefully, this essay could present an overview of OER research and provide recommendations for researchers and practitioners for future practice.