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The technical aspects of rectal cancer surgery

Abstract Despite recent advances in perioperative chemoradiation for the treatment of rectal cancer, surgery remains the only curative therapy for most patients. Surgeries for rectal cancer are considered some of the most technically challenging operations for colorectal surgeons due to the anatomy of the pelvis, proximity to critical structures, and the widespread use of preoperative chemoradiation. This review will focus on the technical aspects of surgery for rectal cancer and appraise the current literature on select controversial topics.