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Eye gaze detection system for impaired user GUI control

Gaze point, or point of regard, refers to the point in space where an individual's visual attention is focused. Estimating gaze point at a given time can provide a host of information pertaining to intention and perception of a scene. This information can be applied toward enhancement of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), making such interfaces more smooth and efficient. For the population with limited or no mobility, a gaze point estimation system that accurately selects components of a computer application is extremely beneficial. Herein, a custom gaze point detection HW/SW system intended to allow the mobility hindered population the ability to control selection in a computer interface via gaze is presented. The principles of the image difference method for pupil detection, coupled with glint detection and calibration were implemented for an accurate, occlusion-immune estimation of gaze point in real-time. Under the ideal scenario of static head pose and lighting environment, the system was accurate to 1.05°. The gaze estimator tolerated small 1.5 inch head translations and over two orders of magnitude change in ambient illuminance, while sacrificing less than 1° of accuracy.