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Design and Analysis of Frequency Reconfigurable Microstrip Patch antenna for Multi Band Operations using PIN Diodes

Multiband reconfigurable patch antenna plays a vital role in wireless communication applications. By changing the current path on the patch a multiband reconfigurable antenna can be achieved. A simple multiband frequency reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna is presented in this paper. The proposed antenna structure is simulated in CST microwave studio. This antenna operates between 1.3 to 5.6 GHz with more than fifteen different frequencies. The antenna is analyzed for four different configurations. The designed antenna is resonating at five different frequencies (1.45 GHz, 2.36 GHz, 3.09 GHz, 3.6 GHz and 5.45 GHz) when both PIN diodes are ON. When PIN diode D1 is ON and D2 is OFF the antenna is resonating at 1.4 GHz, 2.22 GHz, 2.5 GHz, 3.08 GHz and 3.59 GHz. When D1 is OFF and D2 is ON the antenna is resonating at 2.34 GHz, 3.2 GHz, 3.62 GHz and 5.38 GHz frequencies. The slotted antenna or when both PIN diodes are in OFF condition antenna is resonating at 2.22 GHz, 2.49 GHz, 3.21 GHz, 3.6 GHz and 5.42 GHz. For each configuration the antenna parameters like gain, VSWR, directivity and radiation patterns are analyzed.