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Solid-to-super-critical phase change and resulting stress wave during internal laser ablation

Abstract The phase change, stress wave generation and propagation, and stress-induced structure damage in a model material (argon) during internal picosecond laser ablation are studied by molecular dynamic simulations. The propagation of the stress wave and fluctuations in temperature is periodic and tightly correlated. The phase-change process from solid to liquid and supercritical fluid and then back to solid occurs as a coupled consequence of heat transfer and the tensile stress wave induced by the laser pulse and the limited internal space. The orientation–radial distribution function is applied to provide substantial information about the atomic density and angle distribution of the crystal structure. It reveals the strong material twisting and permanent damaged region induced by the very high stress fields.