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Intraventricular vascular endothelial growth factor antibody increases infarct volume following transient cerebral ischemia.

AIM
To clarify the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in neuronal damage induced by cerebral ischemia.


METHODS
Expression of VEGF in adult rat brain was measured by immunohistochemistry. Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was induced by placing a nylon thread in the lumen of the internal carotid artery. The infarct volume was shown with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and quantitated by computer image analyzer with and without VEGF antibody treatment.


RESULTS
VEGF expression was widely distributed in neuronal cells besides vascular endothelial cells, and the neuronal distribution of VEGF was specific. After intraventricular treatment with VEGF antibody (0.1 g.L-1 daily, for 7 d following the ischemia), infarct volume in the antibody treatment was increased versus vehicle-treated rats [(21.6 +/- 2.7 vs 16 +/- 6) mm3, P < 0.05] respectively.


CONCLUSION
Intraventricular injection of VEGF antibody increased the infarct volume after focal cerebral ischemia in rats, suggesting that expression of neuronal VEGF may be one of neuronal protective mechanisms.