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History of CT Scan Studies in Aphasia—1970s to 1990s

This chapter summarizes early computed tomography (CT) scan studies in stroke patients with aphasia from the 1970s through the 1990s. Studies took place at the Boston University Aphasia Research Center located at the Boston Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Earliest studies associated classical aphasia syndromes with lesions located in cortical language areas on CT scans. In the 1980s, studies reported that chronic aphasia could be associated with subcortical lesion only; emphasis was on lesion in white matter pathways. In the 1990s, studies showed that lesion sites on CT scans performed after 2 months poststroke could be predictive for recovery of auditory language comprehension, and meaningful nonfluent speech at 1 year poststroke. Lesion site patterns were identified for different outcome levels following specific language therapy programs. Some rare aphasia cases are included: left-handers with separate hemispheric dominance locations for speech versus comprehension in the same person; and a unilateral, word deafness case.