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Benefits of a clinical pharmacokinetic service in optimising phenytoin use in the western Cape.

OBJECTIVES
To study the benefits of a clinical pharmacokinetic service in optimising phenytoin use in the Western Cape.


DESIGN
Assessment of the response to treatment was based on the number of seizures during the 3 months before entering the study (first baseline period), 3 months after entering the study (second baseline period) and 3 months before the termination of the study (test period). Patients kept a seizure diary throughout the study. The Michaelis-Menten model was used to calculate doses and predict steady-state serum concentrations.


SETTING
Nine epilepsy clinics.


SUBJECTS
One hundred and ninety-five (113 black and 82 coloured) compliant people with epilepsy receiving generic phenytoin monotherapy.


OUTCOME MEASURES
Reduction in seizure frequency and adverse effects.


RESULTS
A reduction in seizure frequency (64.8% compared with pre-optimisation) was experienced by 64.9% of patients. Mean seizure frequency was reduced from 3.39 to 1.18 per month. Reductions in seizure frequency of 100% and more than 50% were reported by 39.2% and 58.7% of patients, respectively. Adverse effects of phenytoin were reduced from 20.5% at the first visit to 3.2% at the last visit.


CONCLUSION
The clinical pharmacokinetic dosing service for phenytoin applied in this study contributed significantly to the success of epilepsy management.