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Influence of Gadolinium Chelates on Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of the Liver

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES.The potential of gadolinium compounds (Gd-ethoxybenzyl-DTPA [Gd-EOB-DTPA], gadopentetate dimeglumine [Gd-DTPA], and Gd-chloride [GdCl3]) to enhance the signals from intracellular phosphorus-31 nuclei in the liver was investigated. METHODS.After intravenous administration of Gd-EOB-DTPA, Gd-DTPA, and GdCl3 to rats, liver phosphorus metabolites (inorganic phosphate [Pi], phosphomonoester [PME], and adenosine triphosphate [ATP]) were measured by phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The dose of each compound was 0.2 mmol Gd/kg. Saline was used as a control. RESULTS.The intensities of the phosphorus metabolite signals in the liver showed only minor changes after administration of Gd-DTPA and GdCl3, but increased after Gd-EOB-DTPA. The signals of Pi and PME were enhanced more than those of ATP. The alpha peak of ATP increased by 21.7%, Pi by 61.2%, and PME by 49.2%. CONCLUSIONS.The signal intensities of the phosphorus metabolites in the liver were not influenced by GdCl3. Using Gd-DTPA, only a slight enhancement could be detected. The greatest enhancement was observed with Gd-EOB-DTPA, which has access to the phosphorus metabolites within the hepatocytes. The injection of Gd-EOB-DTPA results in better detectability of the Pi signal.