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Instrument design considerations and clinical applications of stable isotope analysis.

Stable isotope analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy-accelerating voltage alternation (GMA) is a new concept, which makes it possible to eliminate radiological hazard from clinical tracer studies. To become useful to, and used by, the clinician, this instrumentation must eventually become competitive with that for liquid scintillation counting from the standpoint of sample size, sensitivity, automation, routine operation, and cost. A second-generation instrument, recently constructed in the Division of Biological and Medical Research at Argonne National Laboratory, has been put into operation and is being used in collaborative clinical studies conducted at the Mayo Clinic. The design features and operating characteristics of this system are discussed with reference to the ultimate clinical requirements.