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Dominance of Nonphotic Cues in the Circadian Rhythm of Body Temperature in Vasopressin‐deficient Rats

Rats possess two types of circadian systems: one is photic, that is, light sensitive, and utilizes a light/dark signal in driving circadian rhythms, whereas the second is nonphotic and relies on cues such as time of feeding and time of human interaction. A circadian oscillator drives many behavioral and physiological rhythms, such as locomotor activity, food intake, and body temperature. The site of the photic oscillator is the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus. Vasopressin (VP)-containing neurons are located within the SCN and may be involved in the maintenance of circadian rhythms. Utilizing VP-containing, Long-Evans (LE) and VP-deficient, Brattleboro (DI) rats, Murphy, Wideman and Nadzam1 demonstrated that there is an interaction between VP and the photic oscillator. The results of their research led to the following question: What would happen if DI and LE rats were exposed to prolonged periods of continuous dark (DD) or light (LL) and fed ad libitum in a random manner? The purpose of this experiment, then, was to discover the effects of VP on free-running circadian rhythms.