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Zeros is amplitude-frequency characteristics of wide-band klystrons

One of the problems in wide-band klystrons designing is elimination of so called "amplitude-frequency characteristics zeros". Although such a "zero" shows itself already in a regime of small input signal, existing small-signal calculation methods are far away to be always suitable to achieve practically needed precision of "zero" frequency and efficiency determination. Our investigation results have demonstrated that it is necessary to take into account the real RF-gap length of all klystron cavities and at the same time to improve a precision of space charge calculation and excitation equation solution. In this case correct calculations may be done for output parameters of the klystrons, which can have "amplitude-frequency characteristics zeros" within their operation range.