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Variability in TDCS electric fields: Effects of electrode size and configuration

Variability in the efficacy of transcranial direct-current stimulation (TDCS) may be affected by variations in electric fields, which depend on both experimental parameters and individual anatomical features of the head and brain. Electrode configurations that minimize inter-subject differences in electric fields would be useful for controlling variability in experimental TDCS studies. This study investigated the effects of electrode size and configuration on the variability in the electric fields. Individual MRI-based models of 44 subjects and the finite-element method were used. Motor cortical TDCS was modelled for four electrode montages.