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HIV infection increases the risk of squamous intra‐epithelial lesions in women with HPV infection: An analysis of HPV genotypes

We assessed the association between different HPV genotypes, HIV infection, and cervical squamous intra‐epithelial lesions (SIL) in 236 women with known HIV serostatus enrolled in a longitudinal multicentric study in Italy. Of these women, 135 were HIV‐infected, and were not markedly different from HIV‐negative women with regard to demographic characteristics, sexual practices, smoking, or intravenous drug use. We obtained 232 cervical smears suitable for cytological examination and HPV‐genotype analysis (134 from HIV‐positive women and 98 from HIV‐negative women). For 86 HIV‐positive and 89 HIV‐negative women, the smears appeared normal at cytomorphological analysis. Cytological dysplasia of varying degrees was detected in 48 smears from HIV‐positive women and in 9 from HIV‐negative women. HPV prevalence, assessed using polymerase‐chain‐reaction analysis, did not significantly differ between HIV‐positive and HIV‐negative women. The prevalence of HPV‐associated SIL was much greater among HIV‐infected women. The most frequently detected genotypes in both groups were HPV 16 and HPV 18. The prevalence of HPV 16 among HIV‐positive women was similar to that for HIV‐negative women; this was also true for HPV 18. However, in the HIV‐positive group, most of these genotypes were associated with SIL. HIV‐positive women showed a wider spectrum of genotypes, including non‐oncogenic and rare types. An association between SIL and HIV infection was confirmed for all HPV genotype classes. Int. J. Cancer 72:982–986, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.