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Brief report: Expression of TNF-α in chronic periapical lesions correlates with expression of bacterial chaperonin-60

Background/Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the quantitative
 expression of the bacterial heat shock protein, Chaperonin-60 (Cpn60) and
 pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine in periapical tissue,
 obtained from individuals with chronic periapical lesions and to determine
 the correlation between the expression of the bacterial heat shock protein
 and the expression of these cytokines. Methods. The study was performed on
 18 periapical lesions and 6 control samples of healthy periapical tissue,
 taken at the Clinic of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medical 4 Sciences
 University of Pristina, Kosovska Mitrovica. The levels of mRNA expression of
 pro- and anti- inflammatory cytokines and bacterial heat shock protein were
 determined by real time quantitative RT-PCR. Results. Analysis revealed
 significantly higher mRNA levels of TNF-? and Cpn60 in the tissue of
 periapical lesions compared with normal periapical tissue (P <0.05).
 Contrary to these results, the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory IL-10
 was significantly higher in the samples of normal periapical tissue compared
 with the mRNA levels of this cytokine in the tissue of periapical lesions (P
 <0.001). Expression of Cpn60 is in strong correlation with TNF-? expression
 in periapical lesions. Conclusion. Cpn60 released from bacteria in
 periapical tissue could be a strong stimulator of inflammatory response and
 one of the important players in the pathogenesis of periapical lesions.