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Coherent marine radar measurements of ocean wave frequency spectra and near surface currents

We have been developed two radars for radial Doppler velocity measurements: a coherent marine radar (COHrad), and a standard marine radar modified to coherent-on-receive capability (CORrad). Both measure the intensity and the radial velocity component of the radar echo. The latter can be used to generate orbital wave velocity spatial maps of ocean waves, as well as the mean radial ocean surface velocity when sequences of map images are summed. These radars allow direct measurement of the ocean wave spectrum by means of 3D-FFT processing of a sequence of coherent radar images of orbital wave spatial patterns (U.S. Patent #8305257). We present results of radar measurements of RMS waveheight for COH and COR radars, using both horizontally and vertically polarized antennas. Vertical polarization is found to mitigate against errors in rms wave height retrieval for high wave conditions, when accelerating breaking features generate errors for horizontal polarization. Results are presented of time series of 16 frequency components of omni-directional spectra and compared with data from a pressure sensor array at the U.S. Army Field Research Facility in Duck, NC.