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Adverse birth outcomes and the risk of dental caries at age 3 years.

BACKGROUND
Since birth outcome is associated with maternal and newborn health, it can be a predictor of the future health of the child.


AIM
To investigate the association between adverse birth outcomes and dental caries.


DESIGN
The present registry-based cohort study included all children born in 2000-2003, residing in Stockholm County, Sweden and who received a dental examination at the age of 3 years (n = 74,748). National registries supplied data on socioeconomic conditions, maternal health, maternal health behavior, and birth outcomes. Forward stepwise binary logistic regression was performed to determine predictors of caries experience in the 3-year-olds.


RESULTS
Of the subjects, 6.0% had caries experience (decayed, extracted, filled teeth [deft] ≥ 1), 5.6% were born preterm (<37 weeks); 2.2% were born small (SGA) and 3.7% large (LGA) for gestational age. Of the studied adverse birth outcomes, only SGA was significantly associated with caries experience at 3 years of age, and only for mothers who had refrained from smoking during pregnancy.


CONCLUSIONS
SGA is associated with caries experience in 3-year-old children; however, this relationship occurs only in mothers who did not smoke during pregnancy.