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The Cumaean Sibyl as the Revelation-bearer in the Shepherd of Hermas

The above dialogue includes the first explicit reference to the pagan Sibyl figure in any extant Christian work (circa c.e. 148). She is mentioned only once in the whole of the Shepherd and even then, as we see here, is seemingly dealt short shrift. Yet, it was the beginning of a trend. Many Apologists in succeeding generations made extensive use of the pagan Sibyl as the authoress of Christian prophecies.1 Typically, the Christianized Sibyl in these later works is a voice rather than a figure. It is the content of her “prophecies” which the Church Fathers stress more than her character.2 The exception to the idea that the Sibyl is a voice rather than a figure in Christian literature is the Shepherd of Hermas. It is generally conceded that even though the appellation “Sibyl” is used only once, there are