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Verification of the Applicability of Water Cherenkov Detector to Active Neutron Method and Development of a Prototype Detector

In the fields of nuclear security, a compact and low-cost non-destructive assay system to detect hidden nuclear material is required. Because the conventional active neutron method adopts an accelerator neutron source and 3He detectors, existing instruments are expensive and poorly portable. To solve this problem, we have developed an innovative nuclear material detection method using a 252Cf source, which is called the rotation method. In this study, we developed a water Cherenkov detector as a novel low-cost neutron detector to replace 3He detectors. The applicability of the water Cherenkov detector to the rotation method was validated using simulation. Subsequently, a prototype detector was subjected to a demonstration experiment, combined with the rotation device. As a result, the fission neutrons from nuclear material were measured by using pulse height discrimination. Our study shows a potential of the water Cherenkov detector as a neutron detector for the rotation method.