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ANALYSIS OF PERI-OPERATIVE BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS IN VARIOUS ANESTHETIC APPROACHES IN NON-DIABETIC AND DIABETIC PATIENTS: COMPARATIVE STUDY FROM CENTRAL INDIA

Surgical procedures cause a stress response, which results in biochemical and hormonal changes. Elevated blood sugar is the most well-known metabolic disorder. Inadequate glycemic regulation affects perioperative morbidity and mortality. The hyperglycemic reaction varies depending on the anesthetic agent and technique used. The study's aim is to compare non-diabetics and diabetics in terms of the degree to which blood sugar levels rise as a measure of stress during anesthesia and surgery under different anesthetic techniques (controlled). Ninety adult patients (30 to 55 years old) underwent various elective surgeries lasting 60 to 90 minutes under three anesthetic techniques (general (GA), epidural (EA), and spinal (SA)) at a tertiary healthcare center in Central India. 45 of the patients were not diabetic and 45 were diabetics under care. Blood sugar levels were compared between three techniques in each group and between similar techniques in both groups. Blood sugar fluctuation is less with regional techniques and much less with spinal analgesia in diabetics and non-diabetics. Wherever possible, regional techniques can reduce a diabetic's response to surgical stress. The need for an intraoperative insulin regimen may not be required in all procedures, but it is more dependent on the length and severity of the procedure. Glycemic regulation is easier in spinal anesthesia than in general anesthesia since the stress response to surgery is comparatively lower. Where necessary, we prefer spinal anesthesia to epidural and general anesthesia for minimizing surgical stress response.