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ROLE OF THE MAXILLARY TUBEROSITY IN PERIODONTOLOGY AND IMPLANT DENTISTRY - A REVIEW

Background: The maxillary tuberosity in implant dentistry presents the clinical location for clinicians with respect to the periodontal, surgical, prosthetic, implantological and mechanical aspects. Objective: The aim of this paper was to evaluate the role of the maxillary tuberosity based on the literature and to enhance the role of tilted implants placed in the maxillary tuberosity as an anchorage to the most posterior end of prostheses in order to avoid biomechanical complications from distal cantilevers. Data Sources: Information was obtained mainly from the PubMed and MEDLINE databases, online books managed by the National Center for Biotechnology Information, and non-indexed sources. Previous studies have demonstrated more than 94% survival rates of implants placed in the maxillary tuberosity despite the usage of varied implant designs and surgical protocols. Data Extraction and Synthesis: The web search included the following keywords: bone, dental implant, dental implantation, maxillary osteotomy, osseointegration for period 1980 to 2017. Proper insertion of tapered implants with adequate bone condensation of the local cancellous bone is effective in generating the required primary stability and eventual osseointegration required for long-term success. In cases where implant placement in the maxillary tuberosity provides no immediate restorative benefit, various hard and soft tissues of the region can be harvested for autogenous grafting to address distant constraints. Usage of the maxillary tuberosity for implant placement or as a grafting source can provide increased options for clinicians to restore a patient’s dentition to a higher quality without the requirement of more numerous, costlier and complicated surgical restorative procedures.