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Interval between age at marriage and first birth in India.

The following biosocial questions are examined: 1) what is the mean interval between age at marriage and 1st birth among reproductively mature women in India; 2) is there any perceptible difference in age at marriage and the timing of 1st birth among Indian women belonging to different socioeconomic groups; and 3) what is the nature of the distribution of the average number of months between effective marriage and 1st birth within and between social classes in India. A portion of the survey data collected from urban families of Calcutta West Bengal were used. 1018 couples were randomly selected in varying proportions from 3 broad socioeconomic strata for detailed fertility investigations. Husband and wife were independently interviewed by male and female investigators respectively. The number of wives having their 1st pregnancy termination within 30 months from the time of effecitve marriage accounted for 78% of class 1 74% of class 2 and 64% of class 3. Irrespective of social classes the large majority of the given reproductively mature women had their 1st births within 2.5 years after effective marriage. The average interval declined steadily with increasing age at marriage in all social classes. The average length of the 1st birth interval was maximum within social class 3 although variability in the average interval was observed to decline with increasing age at marriage in all 3 social classes. An examination of the 1st birth interval by social class reveals that the higher the couples status the shorter is the average interval. Generally the higher status and better educated couples demonstrated a pattern of family building behavior just after consummation of marriage which did not differ significantly from their counterparts living in relatively lower social strata.