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Interleukin‐2 receptor antagonist induction in modern immunosuppression regimens for renal transplant recipients

Addition of interleukin‐2 receptor antagonist (IL‐2RA) induction to calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)‐based regimens reduces biopsy‐proven acute rejection by 30–40%. IL‐2RA induction facilitates early withdrawal of steroids, and supports the safe use of reduced‐exposure CNI or delayed CNI introduction. IL‐2RAs and rabbit antithymocyte globulin (Thymoglobulin®) show comparable efficacy in patients at standard or low immunologic risk, but the adverse event profiles of lymphocyte‐depleting agents are less favorable. IL‐2RAs, uniquely, provide effective immunosuppression with similar tolerability to placebo.