{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.025728987993138937, 'fraction_numerical': 0.003430531732418525, 'mean_word_length': 5.864705882352941, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Macro-Level Determinants of Board Effectiveness in UK and Romanian Listed Companies: A Conceptual Approach

This descriptive and exploratory study aims to analyse and compare the macro-level determinants of board effectiveness of listed companies for two European countries, the UK and Romania. The main focus is on the relationships between national culture and legal-institutional factors (macro-determinants) and how they might affect board effectiveness in both countries. By investigating the moderating effect of macro-level determinants on board effectiveness, this research contributes to the small number of cross-border studies on board effectiveness in this area. The cross-national context of this study is also relevant against the background of the increasing internationalization of boards. This implies that the understanding of macro-determinants and their effect on board processes becomes increasingly important for boards, and especially chairs, to take into consideration. Key terms: corporate governance, board effectiveness, UK and Romania, legal-institutional factors, financial-economic factors, national culture JEL Classification: G34, M40