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An empowerment information intervention improved participation in treatment decision making in men with recently diagnosed prostate cancer

Intervention Men allocated to the intervention (n = 30) received 5 brochures containing information on, for example, the disease process, treatment options, and diagnostic tests, and were instructed on how to find information in the brochures. A list of potential questions for discussion with the physician was reviewed, new questions raised by the patient were added, and a copy of the final list was given to the patient. Patients received a blank audiotape to tape the consultation, and were responsible for asking the physician to tape the meeting. They were encouraged to participate in decisions about treatment options, and to bring their significant others to the meeting. Men allocated to the control group (n = 30) received the same 5 brochures, were shown what they contained, and were told it might be helpful if they reviewed the brochures before or after the initial consultation. Main outcome measures Patients’ preferred roles in treatment decision making were assessed before the intervention, using a card sort technique. Men were presented with 5 cards that each presented different roles that they could assume with respect to their treatment decision making, and were asked to select the 1 card that best represented their preferences. Based on their selection, patients were classified as active, passive, or collaborative. 6 weeks after the intervention, actual roles assumed during the consultation were assessed using the same card sort task. Anxiety, measured using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and depression, measured using the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, were assessed before the intervention and at 6 weeks after the consultation.