{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.022526934378060724, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 6.405797101449275, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Rainbow polyaniline: chemical–electrochemical parallel polymerization for the production of rainbow color polyaniline as a morphological composite

ABSTRACT Polyaniline (PANI) was synthesized via a “chemical–electrochemical parallel polymerization (CEP)” wherein chemical and electrochemical polymerizations were simultaneously performed, which afforded the production of morphological composite in homopolymers. The chemical structure of the synthesized PANI was confirmed using infrared absorption spectroscopy. The generation of polarons (radical cations in the main chain) as charge carriers was confirmed through electron spin resonance in the doped state. The liquid surface on the polymerization solution (water) and PANI thin layer deposited on a glass substrate exhibited metallic color. Moreover, the surface reflection color was confirmed via measurements using angle-reflection-dependent spectroscopy. The structural color of the PANI was derived from a periodic structure prepared via CEP. Graphical Abstract