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Molecular Characterization of Canine Prostaglandin G/H Synthase-2 and Regulation in Prostatic Adenocarcinoma Cells in Vitro.

Induction of PG G/H synthase-2 (PGHS-2), a key rate-limiting enzyme in the PG biosynthetic pathway, has been implicated in prostatic adenocarcinomas in humans and dogs in vivo, but the molecular control of PGHS-2 expression in prostate cancer remains poorly understood. Using the dog model, the specific objectives of this study were to clone and characterize canine PGHS-2, and to study the regulation of its transcript, protein, and activity in a canine prostatic adenocarcinoma (CPA) cell line in vitro. The canine PGHS-2 cDNA was cloned by a combination of cDNA library screening and 5′-rapid amplification of cDNA ends, and shown to contain a 5′-untranslated region of 28 bp, an open reading frame of 1815 bp, and a 3′-untranslated region of 1655 bp. The open reading frame encodes a 604-amino acid protein that is 89% identical to the human homolog. The regulation of PGHS-2 protein and PGE2 synthesis was studied in CPA cells cultured in the absence or presence of graded doses of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate ...