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Comparing the cost, complexity, and performance of several in-service process bus merging unit solutions based on IEC 61850

In this paper, we make a comparative analysis of the performance, cost, complexity, resiliency, and security of several in-service digital secondary system (DSS) process bus solutions for devices with complete station bus capabilities based on the IEC 61850 communications standard. We summarize the recent work by several technical standards development organizations to further define process bus components. These definitions are consistent with the switchgear controller classes defined by IEC 62271-3:2006. Multiple in-service process bus DSS designs, based on these descriptions, are considered as extensions to the same typical station bus system. Using these definitions, we consider the impact of three unique process bus scenarios for a single relay with a complete station bus implementation. Then, we consider installation, performance, and availability criteria defined in numerous international standards. Finally, using the performance and availability criteria from these standards, we evaluate the process bus merging unit designs and use measured and observed information from in-service systems to compare speed, cost, and reliability.