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The Greening of Gifford Pinchot

In 1987, Donald Hodel, then-Secretary of the Interior, dropped a bombshell, proposing that O'Shaughnessy Dam, located in the Hetch Hetchy Valley of Yosemite National Park, be torn down. His proposal baffled the environmental movement: what was this Reagan appointee up to? Hodel, after all, had never been sympathetic to environmental concerns, leading many to suspect his gesture contained some kind of political trap. Such suspicions are understandable in light of the disdain with which that Republican administration and environmental activists held one another and are perfectly consistent, too, with the dam's controversial beginnings.' The Hetch Hetchy dam's construction in the first decades of this century had sparked a bitter fight over resource development in the national parks, one prominent casualty of which was the friendship between the eminent naturalist John Muir and Gifford Pinchot, first chief of the U.S. Forest Service. Muir sharply opposed the dam, demanding that the valley's extraordinary beauty be preserved; Pinchot had countered that its beauty was of less importance than its utility as a much-needed reservoir for San Francisco. So hostile and