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Experiments in the Graduation of the English Life Tables (No. 13) Data

By courtesy of the Government Actuary, the preliminary crude data relating to the proposed English Life Tables (No. 13) were made available to the authors. In this paper various graduations derived from these data “are described and an outline is given of the salient features of each. The investigation covered the calendar years 1970, 1971, and 1972. For each integer x ≥ 2 the values of θ x , the number of deaths during the investigation period aged x last birthday at the time of death, and E x c , the corresponding central exposure to risk, were available for both sexes. The central exposures to risk were obtained using population totals from the 1971 national census, by a method similar to that described in Appendix I of reference 4.