{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.03917525773195876, 'fraction_numerical': 0.04020618556701031, 'mean_word_length': 4.884848484848485, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Types of paraproteinemia in patients with multiple myeloma: A cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE
To determine the types of paraproteins in patients with multiple myeloma in a tertiary care setting.


METHODS
The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, from November 2015 to May 2016, and comprised patients with multiple myeloma selected using consecutive, non-probability sampling technique. Detailed history was taken and immunofixation assay was conducted to assess the type of paraproteins in the patients. Data was recorded on a proforma and analysed using SPSS 22.


RESULTS
Of the 87 patients, 62(71.3%) were males and 25(28.7%) were females. The overall mean age was 57.41±10.53 years. Of the total, 52(71.3%), patients had Immunoglobulin G kappa and 61(70%) had Immunoglobulin A kappa paraprotein.


CONCLUSIONS
The most common types of paraprotein was found to be Immunoglobulin G kappa followed by Immunoglobulin A kappa.