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Effects of dietary potassium depletion and mineralocorticoid excess on renal Cl-conservation in the dog.

Preexisting dietary K+ depletion (KD) in dogs exaggerates the renal acid excretory response to mineralocorticoid hormone (MCH) and attenuates the renal Cl- reabsorptive response without altering the Na+ reabsorptive response. The exaggerated acid excretory response has been postulated to be an electrophysiological consequence of a defect in renal Cl- reabsorption caused by KD. To investigate the specific effects of KD on renal Cl- transport in dogs, we assessed renal Cl- conservation during dietary Cl- restriction in KD adrenalectomized dogs maintained on physiological replacement doses of MCH. After a 16-day period of dietary K+ restriction and physiological MCH replacement, reduction of dietary NaCl from 5.0 to 0.25 mmol X kg-1 X 24 h-1 was attended by reduction in urinary Cl- excretion to values less than intake and to significantly lower values than in K+ -replete controls. In a subsequent experimental period of continued Cl- restriction and administration of DOC (15 mg/24 h, i.m.), urinary Cl- excretion decreased further in both groups to stable values, but the values were significantly greater in KD (2.7 +/- 0.4 vs. 1.1 +/- 0.1 meq/24 h, P less than 0.05) and the cumulative retention of urinary Cl- was significantly less (10.3 +/- 1.4 vs. 29.5 +/- 6.7 meq, P less than 0.05). These findings demonstrate that preexisting dietary KD accelerates chronic renal Cl- conservation in response to dietary Cl- restriction under conditions in which MCH supply is normal and fixed but that it impairs maximal renal Cl- -conserving ability in response to MCH excess.