{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.03852889667250438, 'fraction_numerical': 0.01138353765323993, 'mean_word_length': 5.28021978021978, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Effects of solvent vapor annealing on organic photovoltaics with a new type of solution-processable oligothiophene-based electronic donor material

We synthesized a pair of A–D–A–D–A (A = acceptor, D = donor unit) oligomers containing a benzothiadiazole (BT) unit, namely, DRCN5BT-HH and DRCN5BT-TT, which differs in the positions of alkyl side chains. Solution-processed bulk heterojunction solar cells consisting of PC61BM and DRCN5BT-HH gave a high Voc of 1.10 V and markedly improved power conversion efficiencies up to 3.26% after solvent vapor annealing (SVA). The effects of SVA on the morphology and microstructure of the active layer were investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and grazing-incidence wide angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS). For DRCN5BT-HH, crystallization, orientation, and molecular ordering were improved, and a fibrillar structure was formed with acicular aggregates of the donor. For DRCN5BT-TT, no marked structural changes were induced by SVA. We found that these morphological and microstructural changes induced by SVA correlate with the differences in the photovoltaic properties of both of the isomers.