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The 1-loop instability of Misner space

In this paper, we consider gravity coupled to N scalar fields in the large-N limit. Misner space is considered as an axisymmetric Bianchi I universe and it is assumed that near the horizon, the periodic identification in the x-direction provides the dominant contribution to the energy-momentum tensor, which will therefore exhibit symmetry and thus be determined up to constants of integration by the conservation equations and the trace anomaly. We find that, as the horizon is approached, any small perturbation grows until a singularity forms in a finite proper time. These results therefore lend further support to the chronology protection conjecture.