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A Critical Evaluation of Current Methods for Exercise Prescription in Women and Men.

Common methods to prescribe exercise intensity are based on fixed-percentages of maximum rate of oxygen uptake (V[Combining Dot Above]O2max), peak work rate (WRpeak), maximal heart rate (HRmax). However, it is unknown how these methods compare to the current models to partition the exercise intensity spectrum.


PURPOSE
Thus, the aim of this study was to compare contemporary gold-standard approaches for exercise prescription based on fixed-percentages of maximum values to the well established but underutilized "domain" schema of exercise intensity.


METHODS
One hundred individuals participated in the study (women=46; men=54). A cardiopulmonary ramp-incremental test was performed to assess V[Combining Dot Above]O2max, WRpeak, HRmax, and the lactate threshold (LT), and submaximal constant-work rate trials of 30-min duration to determine the maximal lactate steady-state (MLSS). The LT and MLSS were used to partition the intensity spectrum for each individual in three domains of intensity: moderate, heavy, and severe.


RESULTS
V[Combining Dot Above]O2max in women and men was 3.06±0.41 L·min and 4.10±0.56 L·min, respectively. LT and MLSS occurred at a greater %V[Combining Dot Above]O2max and %HRmax in women compared to men (P<0.05). The large ranges in both sexes at which LT and MLSS occurred on the basis of %V[Combining Dot Above]O2max (LT=45-74%; MLSS=69-96%), %WRpeak (LT=23-57%; MLSS=44-71%), and %HRmax (LT=60-90%; MLSS=75-97%) elicited large variability in the number of individuals distributed in each domain at the fixed-percentages examined.


CONCLUSIONS
Contemporary gold-standard methods for exercise prescription based on fixed-percentages of maximum values conform poorly to exercise intensity domains and thus do not adequately control the metabolic stimulus.