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Contrasting Approaches to Plato

These books exemplify different approaches to Plato's works. Emlyn-Jones skilfully guides the intermediate student of Greek through the text of the Euthyphro. His Introduction gives a useful account of the historical background to the dialogue and of the nature and merits of its arguments. The notes focus on linguistic and literary matters, ensuring in particular that the reader does not miss the pervasive' irony' that is invariably lost on Euthyphro. In three appendices E.-J. argues that the Euthyphro does not contain the theory of forms of the middle dialogues, though Plato, 'in emphasising the concreteness of the eidos as well as its objectivity and logical primacy, was perhaps beginning to glimpse its future potential' (p. 100); outlines the theological import and philosophical difficulties of the argument of lOal-llbl (that being loved by the gods can only be a pathos of holiness, not its ousia); and argues that the dialogue does not imply a positive conclusion, to the effect, e.g. that piety consists in the perfection of one's soul or in the pursuit of Socratic enquiry. E.-J. does not exhaust the philosophical resources of the Euthyphro. He tends to answer such questions as 'Does Plato imply a positive account of piety?' and 'Why does Euthyphro not insist that the holy is holy simply because the gods love it?' by appeal to literary or dramatic factors rather than to logical connections and possibilities. He accepts too readily Socrates' claim that in defining holiness as giving the gods what pleases them, Euthyphro has returned to his previous view, that the holy is what is loved by the gods. But, all in all, it is hard to imagine a better guide to the Euthyphro for E.-J.'s intended audience.