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Hyperglycemia and glycogen storage in the rabbit fetal liver. Role of age and hormonal status.

A 2-hour glucose infusion to pregnant rabbits resulted in fetal hyperglycemia. The question was studied whether this hyperglycemia would induce an increase in the concentration of glycogen in the fetal liver. The result depended upon the age of the fetus. In 24- or 25-day-old fetuses hyperglycemia did not increase the liver glycogen. On the contrary, on day 26, 27 and 28, the glycogen content in the liver was approximately twice as high as in controls. However, in fetuses which were decapitated on day 24 and studied on day 26, the maternal glucose infusion did not increase the glycogen stores. But in those fetuses decapitated on day 25 hyperglycemia provoked glycogen deposition. The activity of liver glycogen synthetase (active form alpha and total form a + b) increased between days 24 and 28 in control fetuses. Some increase of the alpha form already occurs between days 24 and 25. In fetuses decapitated on day 23, the alpha form was found almost as low on day 31 as it was on day 23. The incapacity of the liver of fetuses under 26 days of age or of those decapitated before day 25 to store glycogen under conditions of hyperglycemia probably results from a low glycogen synthetase activity.