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Evaluation of intraocular inflammation after intracameral injection of triamcinolone acetonide during pediatric cataract surgery

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intracameral triamcinolone acetonide (TA) to control inflammation in pediatric cataract eyes undergoing cataract extraction. Patients and methods This prospective clinical study included 60 eyes of 47 patients who underwent elective cataract extraction with irrigation–aspiration under general anesthesia and were randomized to three groups. Eyes in group A were injected with 0.1 ml of 2 mg TA into the anterior chamber. Eyes in group B were injected with 0.05 ml of 1 mg TA into the anterior chamber, and eyes in group C were not administered TA. Postoperatively, in group C, topical prednisolone acetate 1% eye drops were administered six times per day for 7 days, followed by four times per day for 3 weeks, to control postoperative inflammation. In groups A and B, topical corticosteroids were not used. To evaluate the efficacy of intracameral TA, anterior chamber cells were measured on postoperative days 1, 7, and 30 using slit-lamp biomicroscopy. Results Both treatments were equally effective in controlling postoperative inflammation following irrigation–aspiration in congenital cataract. No statistically significant differences between groups were observed. Conclusion This study concluded that the use of TA as an intracameral injection during pediatric cataract surgery reduces aqueous cells, the main clinical findings in postsurgical inflammation.