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The phosphorus absorption by inorganic salts of soil and its distribution in water of Balkhash Lake

The study of biogenious elements, particularly phosphorus, is connected with the fact that biological productivity of water bodies, and the water quality depends on their concentration. The union of phosphors coming into this system “water-silt” with the help anthropologic factor can influence on the processes of soil-formation. Phosphorus is distributed unevenly in the water area of the Balkhash Lake. Its concentrations varies within the limits of 0-0.13 mg L for western Balkhash, and 00.15 mg L for eastern. The phosphorus concentration has increased nearly 5 times in the last 30 years (from 0.008 to 0.038 mg L) Phosphorus has been found to settle at the carbonization stage during the concentrating of Balkhash water, when calcium and magnesium carbonates are crystallized intensively. Thereby, experiments aimed at the study of phosphorus absorption by inorganic salts (carbonates of Magnesium and Calcium, Calcium sulfate) have been carried out. The experiments have shown that solid phases can be distributed according to the degree of absorption in the following order: magnesium carbonate – calcium sulfate – calcium carbonate. That order is explained by that the product of solubility coefficient of Calcium sulfate and Magnesiumcarbonate which are more the than the solubility coefficient of calcium sulfate. Therefore, the solutions of the first pair of salts contains more calcium and magnesiumions which add larger quality of phosphorus to form more stable complexes of insoluble compounds (Ca(H2PO4)2, CaHPO4, Ca3(PO4)2, Mg3(PO4)2). Hence, the phosphorus absorption takes place due to the chemical interaction of calcium (magnesium) ions with the proper phosphate ions. One can expect the body to be purified naturally provided that the phosphorus concentration does not exceed 0.2-0.5 mg L. Otherwise phosphorus will be accumulated in the liquid phase.