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Photosynthetic rice production index for early warning using Remote Sensing and meteorological data

This research aims to develop a remote sensing method for monitoring grain production in the early stages of crop growth in Japan and Asia. A photosynthesis based crop production index CPI for rice is proposed that takes into consideration the solar radiation, the effective air temperature, and NDVI as a factor representing vegetation biomass. The CPI index incorporates temperature influences such as the effect of temperature on photosynthesis by grain plant leaves, low-temperature effects of sterility, cool summer damage due to delayed growth, and high-temperature injury. These latter factors are significant at around the heading period of crops. The CPI index for rice was validated at ten monitoring sites in the central and northern half of Japan. The method is based on routine observation data, allowing automated monitoring of crop production at arbitrary sites without any special observations. The CPI index is applied to rice production in five regions of China, using solar irradiation data from the Japanese Geostationary Satellite, the Normalized Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from NOAA AVHRR, and world weather data.