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The longitudinal division of fibres in overloaded rat skeletal muscle.

Disablement of synergistic muscles has been used to induce hypertrophy of a remaining muscle in a number of experimental studies. Using this method Crawford (1961) investigated the effect of hypertrophy on the weight, length and tension developed by tibialis anterior in the rabbit. Goldberg (1967) used this technique to study the effect of hypophysectomy on hypertrophy of the rat soleus and plantaris and also its effect on muscle protein synthesis (Goldberg, 1968). Rowe & Goldspink (1968) demonstrated an increase in fibre diameter and a bi-modal distribution of fibre diameters in mouse soleus 15 weeks after tenectomy of plantaris and gastrocnemius. After a rather more severe procedure which combined denervation of the rat soleus and gastrocnemius, a transplantation of the plantaris tendon and a heavy exercise regime Van Linge (1962) reported the formation of new muscle fibres. In view of the latter author's findings it seemed useful to make a closer histological study of a muscle undergoing hypertrophy following tenectomy of its synergists.