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Sex-related differences in outer ring monodeiodination of thyroxine and 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine by rat liver homogenates.

The present studies were undertaken to evaluate possible sex-related differences in the peripheral outer ring deiodination of T4 to T3 in vitro by fresh liver homogenates. Hepatic T3 generation from T4 in female rats was similar to that observed in age-matched male rats from days 1-24. However, at 30 days of age, a significant decrease in T3 generation was observed in the female rat, becoming more pronounced with increasing age until puberty and then remaining approximately 50% of that observed in age-matched male rats through 90 days of age. In vitro addition of dithiothreitol, a thiol-protecting agent, did not affect these sex-related differences, suggesting a decrease in the 5′-deiodinating enzyme per se in the female rat rather than decreased concentrations of reducing cofactor(s). The sex-related differences in hepatic T4 to T3 conversion are related, at least in part, to sex steroids, since prepubertal castration at 20 days of age prevented these sex-related changes, and peripubertal castration at 4...