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A monoclonal antibody specific for the Thomsen-Friedenreich cryptic T antigen.

A monoclonal antibody (49H.24) is described that was made after immunization of BALB/c mice with human neuraminidase-treated erythrocytes (NE-RBC). 49H.24 is an IgM and reacts with NE-RBC but not untreated, normal human RBC. As little as 100 pg of antibody protein produced detectable direct agglutination of, or binding to, NE-RBC. The fine specificity of 49H.24 was determined by using a series of synthetic sugar haptens as inhibitors of agglutination or binding of 49H.24 to NE-RBC. Only synthetic T hapten (beta Gal(1 leads to 3)alpha GalNAc) produced complete inhibition of agglutination or binding, and no inhibition was produced by several other closely related haptens. Synthetic T hapten-coated silica beads (Synsorb) were used to affinity purify 49H.24. Affinity-purified antibody was radiolabeled with 125I and used in a sensitive competition assay to detect natural T antigen associated with cell membranes or in soluble form. The potential use of this or similar monoclonal antibodies as probes for an important human tumor marker is discussed.