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Effects of radiological abnormalities in temporal bone and brain on auditory outcomes in cochlear implant recipient children

Introduction: Cochlear implantation (CI) is used for rehabilitation of children with bilateral severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss. Recently, treatment of such children has been influenced by diagnostic technological advances. Multiple radiological abnormalities detected in temporal bone and brain are now increasingly included for CI. The primary aim of this study was to determine the effects of “radiological abnormalities in temporal bone or brain” on CI outcome. Aim: The primary aim of this study was to determine the effects of “radiological abnormalities in high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) temporal bone or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain” on CI outcome. Study Design: Prospective study. Setting: Tertiary care center. Materials and Methods: In this study, we evaluated fifty cochlear-implanted children from October 2011 to March 2013. The case group consisted of 15 (30%) children with radiological abnormalities and control group consisted of 35 (70%) children with no radiological abnormalities in HRCT temporal bone or MRI brain. All patients received auditory and speech rehabilitation, and their auditory perception outcomes 1 year after CI were evaluated. The children were assessed by categories of auditory perception (CAP) and Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (MAIS) tests. Results: There was significant reduction in mean auditory perception outcomes (decreased 6.9% mean CAP and 5.4% mean MAIS scores) at 1 year post-CI in CI recipients who had radiological abnormalities, in comparison to those who had no radiological abnormalities in temporal bone or brain (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In this study, presence of radiological abnormalities in temporal bone or brain was found to have a significant deleterious effect on auditory perception outcome at 1 year after CI surgery in children. However, CI was still helpful in these children. Hence, knowledge of “radiological abnormalities in temporal bone or brain” can provide reasonable help in predicting the auditory perception outcome for CI candidates.