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Effect of cytokines on in vitro bone resorption by cells isolated from giant cell tumor of bone.

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effect of cytokines on in vitro bone resorption by cells isolated from giant cell tumor of bone.


METHODS
Mononuclear stromal cells and multinucleated giant cells (MGC) were isolated from 11 cases of giant cell tumor of bone (GCT) and their bone resorption capability in an in vitro cell-bone resorption model were tested. Expressions of some cytokines were detected by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting analysis and Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) in the GCT.


RESULTS
The results showed that MGCs of GCT had capability to resorb bone matrix directly. Fibroblast-like stromal cells (FC) could not only resorb bone matrix directly, but also secret unknown factors to facilitate bone resorption of MGC. Exogenous TNF-alpha could significantly increase the bone resorption by both kinds of stromal cells, while exogenous IL-1 did not. Expression rate of M-CSF and level of TNF-alpha in GCT were higher than in osteosarcoma and normal serum.


CONCLUSIONS
The characteristic bone resorption behavior of GCT might be caused by its three major cell components. The M-CSF and TNF-alpha could promote their bone resorption capability.