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Depression caused by chronic pain.

The chronic pain patient presents a difficult diagnostic and management challenge. The relationships between depression and chronic pain, and the stages of chronic pain with their associated psychiatric symptoms, are reviewed. The methods of validating pain and the most commonly missed causes of chronic pain are described. It is clear that depression associated with chronic pain is a complex problem necessitating a careful multidisciplinary approach if misdiagnosis and inappropriate or insufficient treatment are to be avoided.