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Creating Citizens: Lessons in Relationships, Personal Growth, and Community in One Secondary Social Studies Classroom

This article presents findings from a study examining how a secondary social studies teacher used curriculum and pedagogy to help racially/ethnically diverse students from low socioeconomic backgrounds build community to become active citizens with the capacity for democratic living. In particular, the article discusses his emphasis on critical thinking, building of community, and thorough disciplinary content. The resulting pedagogy, Classroom-based Multicultural Democratic Education (CMDE), is a re-conceptualization of democratic education that has the potential to help teachers transform a racially/ethnically diverse politically disengaged student population into an active democratic citizenry.