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Mitral valve prolapse complicated by ruptured chordae tendineae.

HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY (also known as idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis) is an uncommon genetically transmitted (non-sex linked, autosomal dominant) cardiomyopathy characterized by pronounced left ventricular hypertrophy, particularly of the interventricular septum. This disease covers a spectrum, with one end being characterized by systolic displacement of the anterior mitral leaflet into the left ventricular outflow tract into apposition with the ventricular septum, resulting in dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and mitral regurgitation. Anatomic characteristics include (1) asymmetrical septal hypertrophy and (2) histologic septal (sometimes free wall) myofibrillar disorganization. This uncommon, but by no means rare, process is of import to general medical practitioners because it may be confused with aortic valvular stenosis or coronary artery disease because of symptoms of exertional dyspnea or angina pectoris or because of abnormalities shown on electrocardiograms. Echocardiography may assist in diagnosis by showing asymmetric septal hypertrophy and, in those patients with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve.1-3 Awareness of the safety and ability of echocardiography in diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy can assist physicians in decisions