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Longitudinal measurement of bone mineral density at the radius in hemodialysis patients using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

The object of our study was to document the changes in bone mineral density (BMD) at the (1/3) distal radius in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD). Forty nine male and 24 female patients were enrolled in this study. The mean age was 55.9-/+13.1 (mean -/+ SD) years, and the duration of HD was 89.2 -/+ 81.0 months at the beginning of the investigation. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at 1-year intervals for a period in excess of 3 years. No significant relationship was observed between BMD and age in both sexes. In male patients, BMD was positively correlated with body mass index (BMI) (r=0.47, p<0.01) and negatively with the duration of HD (r=0.61, p<0.01). In contrast, BMD was not correlated with either BMI or with the duration of HD in female patients. Eleven of the 14 patients on HD for more than 15 years showed marked bone loss (male; 0.460, female; 0.394g/cm(2)), although they were relatively young (mean age: 43.4 years). Prolonged HD could be one of the risk factors responsible for bone loss.