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A Briefing Regarding In Situ Simulation: An Emerging Educational Safety Tool for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine

ISS is simulation that takes place in an actual clinical environment. ISS is a recently evolving area of simulation that has the potential to provide unique opportunities for education and patient safety interventions, as well as research. Historically, the majority of medical simulation has been taught and researched in a laboratory setting, aka the simulation center. In this setting, clinical sites are recreated to resemble examination rooms, operating theaters, disaster areas, or other places where patient care might take place. The learner or a group of learners travel to the simulation laboratory, which is usually located away from the hospital or clinical setting. This paradigm has several advantages. For example, the learners can focus on individual tasks with little or no disruption because the location is physically separate from the actual clinical environment. Theoretically, there is less chance of being called back to the hospital because of the time required for a learner to travel there. In addition, learning sessions can be scheduled with a lower likelihood of being cancelled. Cross-contamination of simulation materials and supplies with real patients is virtually impossible. Furthermore, there is less chance of simulations interfering with real patient care because there are no patients or patient family members around. However, the disadvantages of offsite simulation are numerous.