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Transcription, Chromatin Structure, and the Cell Cycle

The conserved transcription factor TFIID is a multiprotein complex composed of the TATA binding protein (TBP) and multiple TBP-associated factors (TAFs). In Drosophila, the coactivator TAF1 contains two kinase domains; however, in vivo substrates for these kinase activities are unknown. Maile et al. now show that the C-terminal region of TAF1 phosphorylates histone 2B (H2b) at serine 33. Reducing the levels of TAF1 abolishes H2b phosphorylation, thereby reducing the transcription of an H2b-associated cell cycle regulator, and causes cell cycle arrest. T. Maile, S. Kwoczynski, R. J. Katzenberger, D. A. Wassarman, F. Sauer, TAF1 activates transcription by phosphorylation of serine 33 in histone H2B. Science 304, 1010-1014 (2004). [Abstract] [Full Text]