The Pre-Raphaelites
'The Hireling Shepherd' is a painting by the Pre-Raphaelite artist William Holman Hunt.

The Pre-Raphaelites

This quiz addresses the requirements of the National Curriculum KS3 in Art and Design for children aged 11 to 14 in years 7 to 9. Specifically this quiz is aimed at the section dealing with understanding art movements and their influence on the world, and it focusses in particular on The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood movement, also known as the Pre-Raphaelites.

In KS3 children will learn how to critically appraise historical works of art, as well as understand the influence ancient movements have had on art today.

The name Pre-Raphaelites or more accurately, The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, refers to a group of artists and one writer who found themselves in direct opposition to the Royal Academy’s promotion of the Renaissance master Raphael. The Brotherhood also rebelled against what they saw as the unimportance and triviality of the popular style of genre painting.

Inspired by the theories of the art critic John Ruskin, who insisted that artists should ‘go to nature’, they believed in an art of serious subjects treated with the maximum amount of realism. Their principal themes were initially religious, but they also used subjects from literature and poetry, particularly those dealing with love and death. They also explored modern social problems.

After initial heavy opposition from the established artists and critics of the day, the Pre-Raphaelites became highly influential, with a second phase of the movement from about 1860, inspired particularly by the work of Rossetti, making a major contribution to symbolism.

How much do you understand the Pre-Raphaelite movement? Try this quiz to test your knowledge.

Click on the pictures to make them larger.

This famous painting by Millais was later used as part of an advertising campaign for which product?
Johnson's shampoo
Persil washing powder
Terry's chocolate orange
Pear Soap
This painting was done in Millais' later years and was modelled by his five-year-old grandson William Milbourne James
The model for this painting by Rossetti later became his wife. What is the title of the painting?
The Pondering
The Wonderment
The Thoughtful Day
The Day Dream
It was initially intended to be named 'Monna Primavera'. The honeysuckle in her hand was a love token at the time, perhaps showing Rossetti's feelings for his future bride
Which of the following was not one of the PRB's rules?
To use the society's secret knock when meeting
To have genuine ideas to express
To study nature attentively, so as to know how to express it
To sympathise with what is direct and serious
The fourth and most important rule was to produce thoroughly good pictures and statues, of which this painting 'Fair Rosamund' by Arthur Hughes is an example
Which art movement influenced the Pre-Raphaelites?
The Cubists
The Surrealists
The Romantics
The Impressionists
Like the Romantics, the brotherhood wished to emphasise the personal responsibility of individual artists to determine their own ideas and methods of depiction. This piece is 'Wanderer above the Sea of Fog' by the Romantic artist Caspar David Friedrich
Why did the brotherhood use the initials PRB?
To save them having to say Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
Because it looked good on stationery
Because these were some of the letters in their first names
To keep the society secret
The PRB intended to keep the existence of the Brotherhood secret from members of the Royal Academy. This is an engraving of a Royal Academy Summer Exhibition at its original home in Somerset House in London
How many members formed the original brotherhood of Pre-Raphaelites?
William Holman Hunt, John Everett Millais and Dante Gabriel Rossetti were the three founders, joined later by William Michael Rossetti, Frederic George Stephens, Thomas Woolner and James Collinson, who was the painter of this piece, 'The Holy Family'
The Pre-Raphaelites made a coded announcement of their new movement and published a periodical called what?
The Bug
The Bacteria
The Germ
The Illness
The Germ was not a success, only surviving for four issues between January and April 1850. This is an illustration by Holman Hunt to Thomas Woolner's poem 'My Beautiful Lady' and it was pubished in the first issue of The Germ
Which author called this PRB painting 'blasphemous'?
William Shakespeare
Edgar Allen Poe
Mary Shelley
Charles Dickens
The picture is of Christ as a child with His parents. Millais used his sister-in-law as the model for Mary, and Charles Dickens considered her to be ugly!
Whose death does this painting portray?
King John
King Arthur
King George III
King Richard the Lionheart
James Archer produced this painting as part of a series based on the legends of King Arthur
How did the Brotherhood sign their works?
With a false name to confuse the Royal Academy
With only their surname
With their name and the initials PRB
With their initials and 'Proud Pre-Raphealite'
You can see the initials PRB on the leg of the stool in this painting 'Isabella' by Millais
Author:  Angela Smith

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