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Determination of FSH

Determination of follicular stimulating hormone (FSH),
[normal reference value]
Male: 2.5-15u /L.
Female: 4-20u /L; Postmenopausal: > 40-20ou /L.
The normal reference value is 2.5-15u /L for men and 4-20u /L for women after menopause;> 40-20ou /L for women .

Clinical features
1. Hypertrophy: seen in testicular seminoma, K1inefelter syndrome, Turher syndrome, primary amenorrhea, castration, adrenal cortical hormone therapy, primary hypogonadism, early hypophysis, and the secretion of giant cell degenerative lung cancer and heterotopic adenoids.
2. Decrease: seen in estrogen therapy, progesterone treatment, secondary hypogonadism, sheehan syndrome and advanced hypophysis.

Clinical significance
Follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) is a hormone synthesized and secreted by the pituitary gland. It belongs to the glycosylated protein hormone, which was named for its stimulating effect on the maturation of female follicles. Subsequent studies have shown that follicle stimulating hormone is one of the most important hormones in both sexes, regulating a range of physiological processes related to development, growth, sexual maturation during puberty, and reproduction. Follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (luteinizing hormone) play an important role in reproductive physiological process.
Follicle stimulating hormone is a kind of glycoproteins, the active form is heterogenous dimer of glycosylation, which is composed of prunus and two kinds of polypeptides. Glycoproteins such as luteinizing hormones, thyroid hormones, and human chorionic gonadotropin use structures similar to follicular stimulating hormones. They share the same q subunits (which contain 92-bit amino acid residues), while the ones that are modified by the hormones are different. One hundred and eighteen amino acid residues are involved in the interaction with the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor. Glycosylation of the surface of follicle stimulating hormone involves trehalose, galactose, mannose, galactosamine, glucosamine, and sialic acid. Among them, sialic acid is closely related to the biohalf-life of follicular stimulating hormone. The half-life of follicle stimulating hormone is 3 to 4 hours. The molecular weight of follicle stimulating hormone is about 30000Da.

Follicular stimulating hormone regulates human development, growth, sexual maturation during puberty, and a series of physiological processes related to reproduction, especially the maturation of reproductive cells.

In women
In the ovary, follicular stimulating hormone stimulates the growth of immature follicles until they mature into graff follicles. The follicle releases inhibin during growth to block further synthesis of follicle stimulating hormone. This mechanism ensures ovulatory selectivity. At the end of luteinization, follicular stimulating hormone levels also increased slightly, possibly related to the beginning of the next ovulation cycle.
Follicular stimulating hormone receptors belong to the G protein coupled receptor family. The combination of follicle stimulating hormone and its receptor protein will lead to the conformational changes of the latter. As membrane proteins go across the cell membrane, follicle-stimulating hormone receptor extracellular allosteric will trigger intracellular allosteric, change the status of and the combination of the G protein, and through the participation of other protein, further induce the formation of a second messenger ring phosphate adenosine, would transmit the signals to the nucleus, the implementation of the development process of protein expression and cells debugging.

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