Social Interaction

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As individual human beings have the impulse or motive to make contact with itself, while as social beings humans have the urge to make contact with other people, human beings have a social impulse. With the encouragement or social motives in humans, then people will look for someone else to make contact or interaction. Thus it will be involved in an interaction between one human to another human.

Understanding social interaction

Social interaction is a relationship between one individual with another individual. One individual can affect the other and vice versa. (The definition of social psychology). In fact, the interaction is actually not as simple as it looks but is a very complex process. Interaction occurs because it is determined by many factors including other humans that are around that have also specific behaviors.

In the social interaction it is possible to adjust individual to another, or vice versa. Understanding adjustment here in a broad sense, namely that individuals can merge himself with his surroundings, or otherwise individuals can change the environment in accordance with the circumstances in the individual, in accordance with what is desired by the individual concerned.

Basic factors causing human interaction

a. Factors imitation, imitation is the urge to imitate others

According to Tarde's imitation factor is the only factor underlying or underlying social interaction. As stated by Gerungan (1966:36). Imitation does not take place automatically, but influenced by the acceptance and admiration of what is imitated. To arrange for an imitation or copying there other psychological factors are at play. In other words, imitation is not run automatically, but there are other factors that come into play, so someone holding imitation. How anyone can imitate something kalu person does not have a receptive attitude toward what it imitated. Thus, to imitate something needs to be acceptance, there admiring attitude toward what is imitated it, because it does not take place on its own imitation. Examples of imitation is language; children learn language through imitation of others besides the fashions that hit the developed because of imitation.

b. Factor of suggestion, psychic influence is accepted without any criticism

The meaning is that the influence of psychological suggestion that came out of the self, as well as those coming from other people, which are generally accepted without any criticism of the individual concerned. Because it can be distinguished segesti (1) auto suggestion, the suggestion of self, a suggestion which comes from within the individual in question, and (2) hetero-suggestion, that suggestion came from someone else. Suppose a person is feeling sick-sick, even though objectively concerned in a state of healthy auto-suggestion therapy because the person was not in good health, he was not feeling well. Examples for hetero suggestion is for example in the field of trade, the propagation of such merchandise, without thinking further up the inedible propaganda, and accept what is proposed by the merchant in question.

Imitation and suggestion of its role in the interaction of nearly equal magnitude, but different. In imitation, those who imitate the opposite situation to that imitated active in a passive state. While the suggestions people intentionally and actively give their views, norms and so on for others to accept.

The process of suggestion to follow the argument as follows:

• suggestion will be easily accepted by the other, when the critical power is inhibited. People who lack the capacity to think critically or less will be easily influenced. Critical power will be hindered if people are exposed to emotional stimuli. Or in a state of physical and mental fatigue. For example people who have been meeting for hours, she was tired both physically and psychologically, the reluctance to think in weight, so it is usually in a state of such people will be receptive to their ideas, opinions of others, or in other words the person concerned will be easy receive suggestions from other parties.
• suggestion will be easily accepted by the other, when the capacity to think deeply divided (dissociation). People experiencing dissociation when people were in a state of confusion so easy to accept the influence of others. Psychologically, people are in a state of confusion trying to find a peaceful settlement because his soul is not so easily influenced by others.
• suggestion will be easily accepted by the other, if the material is supported by the many (the majority of suggestion). In this proposition one would easily menrima views, nporma, opinions and so when it has received majority support.
• suggestion will be easily accepted by the other, if that gives the material a person who has authority. Although given the same material but if that gives different then there is also a difference in reception. People who have the authority would tend to be accepted as a high degree of confidence
• suggestion will be easily accepted by the other, if the person concerned has no opinion on the direction that precedes. If there is an argument in those who have gone before and in line with what is suggested then most people will easily accept this opinion

c. Identifikasii factor, is the urge to be identical (same) with others

Identification is a term suggested by Freud, a figure in psychology, particularly in psychoanalysis. Examples children learn the social norms of the results of identification with their parents. In the identification of children will mengabil oper attitudes or norms of parents who identified it to be a place. In this whole process of identification norms, ideals, attitudes and sebagainyadari parents wherever possible be the norms, attitudes, and so it was of their own children, and the children use it in everyday behavior.

d. Sympathy factor is a feeling attracted to someone else

Hence the emergence of a feeling on the basis of emotion. In sympathy people feel attracted to other people who seemed to take place by itself, why are not keen to give further details. The opposite of sympathy is antipathy is a denial or negative. While empathy is a tendency for everything to feel the other person is feeling (feeling with another person).

Theories of interpersonal relationships

There are 4 models of interpersonal relationships that include:

a. Exchange model (social exchange model)
Interpersonal relationships is identified with a commercial transaction. People interact because they expect something that meets their needs. This means that the relationship will yield rewards (positive result) or cost (negative effect) and yield / profit (reward minus cost).

b. Role model (role model)
Interpersonal relationship is defined as a stage play. Here, each person plays a role corresponding texts made public. The relationship will be better if people act the role expectations (role expectation), the demands of the role (role demands), skills (role skills) and avoid role conflict. Role expectations refer to obligations, duties and associated with a particular position, while the demands of the role is the role of social pressure to run. Meanwhile, the role of skill is the ability to play a certain role.

c. Model games (games people play model)
Model using transactional analysis approach. This model explains that in dealing individuals engage in various games or. Basic personality in the game is divided into 3 parts:

• Personality parents (which is the aspect of personality and behavioral assumptions received from parents or deemed As with parents).
• Personality adults (the personality that process information rationally)
• Personality child (personality drawn from feelings and experiences of childhood that contain potential intuition, spontaneity, creativity and pleasure).

On the interaction of individuals using one personality, while others respond by displaying one of these personalities. For example, a sick husband and the wife wanted attention (personality), and his wife realized the pain and take care of her husband (parental personality).

d. Interactional Model (interacsional model)

The model looked hubungann interpersonal As with a system. Each system has a structural nature, integrative and terrain. In brief, this model combines the exchange model, and role play.

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