17 Jun 2019

"James Webb space Telescope" 100 times more powerful than the Hubble Telescope!

"James Webb space Telescope" is going to be 100 times more powerful than the Hubble Telescope!

james webb space telescope

Hubble telescope is one of the best instrument made by human ever.
Hubble answers some of the most tricky questions of human like, how universe looks like in its starting phase, what’s the real age of universe,  are there Earth like planets present in the universe and many questions like these.

Human curiosity never dies hence we are still remain with some questions like, how the first star or the Galaxy of universe looks like? what's the reason behind the origin of universe? what is the dark matter and dark energy? 

We are expecting James Webb space Telescope to answer these questions and replace the Hubble telescope. The James Webb Space Telescope is improved version of Hubble telescope as it provides greater resolution and sensitivity over Hubble telescope.

Hubble, a telescope launched in 1990 gets quite old and its time for its replacement. And the good thing is, its successor is ready to replace it.
The primary task of James Webb space Telescope is to find and study the firstly formed celestial bodies in the universe so we will able to reveal the new fact related to universe.

James Webb space Telescope will help us to take direct image of Exoplanets and galaxies situated far from us. The primary mirror of James Webb space Telescope is made of gold plated beryllium. Its primary mirror is made up of 18 hexagonal primary segments whose total diameter is 6.5 meters where Hubble's primary mirror's diameter is 2.4 metres, hence it is far advanced from Hubble space telescope.

Scientists are predicting that this telescope is going to be 100 times more powerful than Hubble telescope.
Hubble space telescope is only able to detect nearby ultraviolet--infra-red spectra where James Webb Space Telescope is able to detect as well as blur red-shifted objects.

These are some comparisons between JWST and Hubble telescope but scientists have to face a big challenge during using JWST because it is necessary to keep it cool because, it may happen that it can process wrong information due to heat of infra-red radiation capture by itself.

To avoid this problem scientists have designed its primary mirror and other four important instruments with silicon and aluminium coated plates and these sheets have capacity to keep those instruments cool up to -220°c .

Actually NASA is preparing JWST with the help of Canadian and European space agency.
JWST is named on the name American government official who plays an significant role in Apollo programme, James E Webb.

The process of making of JWST had started in 1996 but due to financial problems, the NASA have to stop it many times. Now NASA has increased the schedule launch timing of JWST to 2021.

Lets explore the instruments of JWST one by one:

1. NEAR INFRA-RED CAMERA ( NIRcam): the spectral coverage of this instrument is 0.6 micrometre to 5 micrometre. This instrument is prepared under university of Arizona. This instrument will used in nearby wave found sensing.

This instrument will only work on the wavelength at which NIRcam will based on. This instrument will also work on low resolution mode and two other mode. The main aim of this instrument is to capture wide range images, simply we can say that is instrument can make the simulation of many individual objects.

3. MADE INFRA-RED INSTRUMENT (MIRI): this instrument will work on 5 to 27 wavelength of made infra-red radiation. The temperature of this instrument shouldn't be more than 6 kelvin, this instrument will work on extreme temperature.

Scientists are designing JWST to achieve mainly four primary goals: 

1. To detect the light coming from first stars or galaxies formed after big bang to make an idea about the universe just after big bang.
2. To study the formation and evolution of galaxies.
3. To understand the formation of stars and planetary systems ,
4. To study planetary systems to find the origin of life in this universe.

These goals can be achieved if the telescope have the ability to detect near infra-red light rather than having a capacity to detect the light of visible spectrum. For achieving this goal scientists designed this telescope not only to detect visible light like Hubble telescope but this one is design to perform infra-red astronomy.

JWST will help to detect the dim light coming from the stars to study the stars in better way, for example, star KIC 8462852, a star which was discovered in 2015 showing a very strange light-curve property and scientists are hoping that JWST will help them a lot in study of stars like this.

NASA has postponed the launch of JWST to 30 march 2021 on an Ariane 5 rocket and it will located near the second Lagrange point of the earth-sun system which is 1,500,000 kilometres from earth, directly opposite to the sun.

Scientists are expecting this telescope to do lots of surprising discoveries which can help humanity to understand this universe better than we are doing today.

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