Test Catalog

Test ID: MSP3    
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Profile, Serum and Spinal Fluid


Kappa Free Light Chain:

Kappa free light chain is measured by nephelometric method in which the light scattered onto the antigen-antibody complexes is measured. The intensity of the measured scattered light is proportional to the amount of antigen-antibody complexes in the sample under certain conditions.


Antigen-antibody complexes are formed when a sample containing antigen and the corresponding antiserum are put into a cuvette. A light beam is generated with a light emitting diode (LED), which is transmitted through the cuvette. The light is scattered onto the immuno-complexes that are present. An antigen-antibody complex is formed in the final measurement.


The result is calculated by subtracting the value of the final measurement from the initial measurement. The distribution of intensity of the scattered light depends on the ratio of the particle size of the antigen-antibody complexes to the radiated wavelength.(Instruction manual: Siemens Nephelometer II. Siemens, Inc; Version 2.3, 2008; Addendum to the Instruction Manual 2.3, 08/2017)


Oligoclonal Banding:

The oligoclonal banding (OCB) assay requires paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples. Unconcentrated CSF and diluted serum are electrophoresed by isoelectric focusing. The separated IgG bands are visualized by an IgG immunoblot, and oligoclonal bands that are present in the CSF and not in the serum are reported. The assay uses reagents from Helena Laboratories.(Keir G, Luxton RW, Thompson EJ: Isoelectric focusing of cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulin G: an annotated update. Ann Clin Biochem. 1990 September;27[5]:436-443; Hortin GL: Amino acids, peptides, and proteins. In: Burtis CA, Burns DE, Sawyer BG, eds. Tietz Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics. 7th ed.. Elsevier; 2015;chap 18)




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