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You might be surprised to know that women and men both are born with breast tissues. The difference is that men have these tissues in smaller amounts when compared to women. However, sometimes, some men do suffer from enlargement of these tissues, resulting in a flabby chest. In scientific terms, this condition is known as gynecomastia. It is often termed as “man boobs” or “male breasts.” This condition is curable through medicines and surgeries depending on the grades and types of gynecomastia. This means that grade 1 gynecomastia surgery will be different from grade 2, grade 3 and grade 4. If you are considering undergoing one of these male breast reduction surgeries, it is essential to learn more about the types and grades. Read on to know more about this medical condition and its treatment.

What is Gynecomastia?

Gynecomastia is surprisingly a common disorder, and it is not age-specific. However, adolescent boys and men in 40s are said to be at higher risk of developing enlarged breasts tissues. In this condition, enlargement of glandular tissues gives the male chest an appearance similar to the female breast. However, this disorder is entirely treatable with minor to major surgeries. Sometimes, it can be treated with the help of medication, too. A change in lifestyle, diet and incorporating regular physical activity can also bring positive changes.

The term Gynecomastia comes from the Greek words "gynaik" and "master," which mean "female" and "breasts," respectively. And men are at risk of developing this problem in infancy, during puberty, and after the 40s.

Causes of Gynecomastia

While there are many reasons why gynecomastia can occur in men, the primary goal remains hormonal imbalance in the body. In life, like women, men go through hormonal changes, too, at various stages. Due to any reason, when the balance between testosterone (male hormone) and estrogen (female hormone) changes, it results in the swelling and enlargement of breast tissues in men. A person suffering from this condition experiences pain and discomfort around the breast area. Some other reasons for developing this disorder include aftereffects of using certain drugs and medicines like anabolic steroids, anti-anxiety, antibiotics, ulcer medications, or medical conditions like hyperthyroidism.

More about Gynecomastia

It may not be a life-threatening disease. However, it is gravely dangerous to a person’s self-esteem and confidence. It can get embarrassing for young boys, resulting in depression and isolation.

This condition is often mistaken for obesity or deposit of excess fat around the chest region. It usually occurs on both sides of the chest. However, there are instances where it is visible only on one side of the chest. Also, the size of both breasts may differ. It is suggested that the degree and severity of gynecomastia may vary. Therefore, the disorder has been classified in various grades or types, explaining the different levels of the condition.

Grades or Types of Gynecomastia

Grade 1 type of gynecomastia is the mildest occurrence of the disorder. In this condition, there is a slight increase in the size of the breast mainly due to the appearance of a localised button of a tissue that is situated very close to the areola. It might be different in colour when compared to the rest of the breast tissue. Also, it is slightly visible and not very noticeable with clothes on. This particular condition can be treated with dietary changes, exercises, and medication. Surgery is not recommended at this stage.

Grade 2 type of gynecomastia is mild to high in severity and visibility. There is a moderate increase in the size of tissues that goes slightly beyond areola. In this stage, too, changes in lifestyle and medications can make a visible difference. This condition may not be noticed easily unless someone is wearing snug clothes.

Grade 3 type of gynecomastia the breast enlargement is visible, and it is much larger than Grade 1 and 2. The growth is such that it gives an appearance closer to female breasts. At first, medication can be tried to reduce the problem. However, in cases where the body does not respond to dietary supplements and medications, a surgical procedure is recommended.

Grade 4 type of gynecomastia is highly visible and highly feminine in appearance. This can cause severe psychological issues to a person. And it can only be treated through surgical procedures.

Gynecomastia Surgery

When all the other forms of treatments fail, gynecomastia surgery promises guaranteed results. There are compression shirts, exercises, dietary supplements, and hormonal medication before one is suggested to undergo surgery. The operation is an invasive procedure which may have some potential side-effects. Therefore, it is essential to consult a doctor for the right treatment depending on the severity of the disorder.
Nonetheless, gynecomastia surgery is a rising trend, and a growing number of patients are opting for male breast reduction surgery. There are several precautions that one must observe before undergoing the procedure. And finding a reputable clinic and a surgeon must be the top priority for the person before taking the final decision.