Health Library Explorer

Hemoglobin (Fetal)

Does this test have other names?

Hemoglobin F, alkali-resistant hemoglobin, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), HbF

What is this test?

This test checks the amount of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) in the blood. Fetal hemoglobin is 1 of many types of hemoglobin. A baby growing in the womb has high levels of HbF. The level of HbF usually drops to tiny amounts about 6 months after birth. In an adult or child, a higher level of HbF can mean you have a blood disorder. These include thalassemia, myeloid leukemia, and sickle cell anemia.

Why do I need this test?

You may need this test if your healthcare provider thinks that you may have a blood disorder related to a high level of HbF. People with most of these disorders don't have symptoms. But may have anemia. Symptoms of anemia can include fatigue, pain, irregular heartbeat, and other heart problems.

The blood disorders are genetic. Because of this, you may need this test if you have a family history of 1 of these diseases.

What other tests might I have along with this test?

You may also have a blood smear, iron studies, or DNA analysis. These tests can also diagnose blood disorders related to HbF.

What do my test results mean?


Healthy adults usually only have HbF in tiny amounts. If your amount is higher, you may have a blood disorder, such as thalassemia or sickle cell anemia. Or you may have another condition related to high levels of HbF. 

How is this test done?


Does this test pose any risks?


What might affect my test results?

If you have higher than normal levels of HbF, you may have anemia, leukemia, or a sickle cell disorder. But this test alone does not tell which condition you might have. Some people with higher levels of HbF don't have any symptoms. More testing is needed to find out the type of your blood disorder.

How do I get ready for this test?


Online Medical Reviewer: Chad Haldeman-Englert MD
Online Medical Reviewer: Maryann Foley RN BSN
Online Medical Reviewer: Raymond Turley Jr PA-C
Date Last Reviewed: 9/1/2020