Analysis of resistive circuits(저항 회로 분석)

A resistive circuit is a circuit containing only resistors, ideal current sources, and ideal voltage sources. This means that relationships between current and voltage are linear. If the sources are constant (DC) sources, the result is a DC circuit. The analysis of a circuit refers to the process of solving for the voltages and currents present in the circuit. The solution principles outlined here also apply to phasor analysis of AC circuits.

Two electric circuits are said to be equivalent with respect to a pair of terminals if the voltages across the terminals and currents through the terminals are identical for both networks.

If V2 = V1 implies I2 = I1 for all (real) values of V1, then with respect to terminals ab and xy, circuit 1 and circuit 2 are equivalent.

Resistors in series and in parallel

Resistors in series: R_\mathrm{eq} = R_1 + R_2 + \,\cdots\, + R_n.

Resistors in parallel: \frac{1}{R_\mathrm{eq}} = \frac{1}{R_1}  +   \frac{1}{R_2}  + \,\cdots\, +  \frac{1}{R_n} .

The above simplified for only two resistors in parallel: R_\mathrm{eq} = \frac{R_1R_2}{R_1 + R_2} .

Delta-wye transformation
(Y-Δ transform:

Nodal analysis

4. Solve the resulting system of equations.

Mesy analysis

(Mesh — a loop that does not contain an inner loop.)
3. Solve the resulting equations

Choice of method

Given the choice, which method should be used: nodal analysis or mesh analysis?

Nodal analysis: The number of voltage variables equals number of nodes minus one. Every voltage source connected to the reference node reduces the number of unknowns by one.

Mesh analysis: The number of current variables equals the number of meshes. Every current source in a mesh reduces the number of unknowns by one.

There is also another point to consider: mesh analysis only applies to planar circuits, i.e. circuits that can be drawn using only two dimensions. Intuitively, what this means is that the wires in the circuit diagram must not “jump over” one another if one is to apply mesh analysis. Nodal analysis, on the other hand, can be applied to both planar and non-planar circuits. Note that sometimes, a circuit that is drawn in a non-planar fashion (i.e. with wires jumping over each other) may be redrawn in planar form, although this is not always the case. Generally, most of the circuits one encounters in elementary resistive network analysis are planar in nature.

To summarize, for planar circuits, either nodal or mesh analysis may be used; generally, the method with the least unknowns to solve for is selected. For circuits that are non-planar, one can try to redraw the circuit in planar form; if this is not possible, one has no choice but to apply nodal analysis.

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