hu jintao vorgänger

[15] While in Guizhou, Hu was careful to follow Beijing's directives and had a reputation of being "airtight"; he rarely would offer his views on policy matters in public. Jiang's clique, however, maintained control in most developing areas, therefore Hu and Wen's measures of macroeconomic regulation faced great resistance. ", Guoxin Xing, "Hu Jintao's Political Thinking and Legitimacy Building: A Post-Marxist Perspective. Chen Shui-bian and his party had continued to express an ultimate goal of de jure Taiwanese independence, and made statements on the political status of Taiwan that the PRC considers provocative. Thereafter Hu immediately turned to a more 'soft' diplomatic approach and opened the way to a thaw in relations between the two sides. 1998 wurde Hu Vizepräsident der Volksrepublik China. . Hu Jintao. He sought to improve socio-economic equality domestically through the Scientific Outlook on Development, which aimed to build a "Harmonious Socialist Society" that was prosperous and free of social conflict. Von 2003 bis 2013 war er Staatspräsident der Volksrepublik China. Xi Jinping. [45], It has become a norm for Chinese communist leaders to make their own contributions to Marxist theory. In June 2007, Hu gave an important speech at the Central Party School that was indicative of his position of power and his guiding philosophies. On 28 May 2008, Hu met with KMT chairman Wu Poh-hsiung, the first meeting between the heads of the CCP and the KMT as ruling parties. On the other hand, he continued to refuse talks without preconditions and remained committed to Chinese reunification as an ultimate goal. Ehrenpräsidentin: Hu's initial response was a combination of "soft" and "hard" approaches. "Stability with Chinese Characteristics: Hu Jintao’s Taiwan Policy. In 1973, Hu was transferred to the Construction Department of Gansu as a secretary. Newsweek named Hu the second most powerful person in the world, referring to him as "the man behind the wheel of the world's most supercharged economy. Da seine Mutter starb, als Hu sieben Jahre alt war, wurde er als Halbwaise anschließend von einer Tante erzogen. Mao Zedong | Hu Jintao was born on 21 December 1942 in Taizhou, Jiangsu province. Die Kommunistische Partei Chinas hat Xi Jinping zum neuen Generalsekretär ernannt. Xiang Zhongfa | They cite, for example, that China's internal security budget exceeded its military budget during Hu's tenure as protests and other 'mass incidents' continued to increase across the country. Feiern unter chemisch gereinigtem Himmel: der chinesische Präsident Xi Jinping (Mitte) und seine Vorgänger Hu Jintao (links) und Jiang Zemin beim 70-Jahr-Jubiläum der Volksrepublik. [24], Since taking over as General Secretary of the Central Committee at the Sixteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Hu and his premier, Wen Jiabao, proposed to set up a Harmonious Socialist Society which aims at lessening the inequality and changing the style of the "GDP first and Welfare Second" policies. Er räumte ein, dass das chinesische Wirtschaftswachstum „mit unmäßig hohen Kosten“ erzielt werde und die Umwelt stark belaste. MAGAZINE ARTICLE: Write a magazine article about Hu Jintao. [53], Hu is married to Liu Yongqing, whom he met at Tsinghua University when they were studying there. 胡錦濤; pinyin Hú Jǐntāo; ur. Write about what he does every day and what he thinks about. In March 2005, the Anti-Secession Law was passed by the National People's Congress, formalizing "non-peaceful means" as an option of response to a declaration of independence in Taiwan. Innerhalb dieses politischen Rahmens stellte er moderate Reformen in Aussicht. [17] Martin Seiff of United Press International commented on Putin and Hu, "Both are tough and able authoritarians who had extensive experience of repressing dissent on their rise to the top."[21]. Zhu De | Hu Jintao By Orville Schell Wednesday, Dec. 19, 2007. Birth date: December 21, 1942 Birth place: Jixi, Anhui Province, China Birth name: Hu Jintao Father: Hu Jingzhi, a merchant Mother: Li Wenrui Marriage: Liu Yongqing Children: Hu Haifeng; Hu Haiqing Education: Tsinghua University, 1964 Other Facts. Whether this is Hu's contribution to Marxist theory is debatable, but its general reception with the Chinese public has been moderate. Both Hu and his new counterpart Ma Ying-jeou agreed that the 1992 Consensus is the basis for negotiations between the two sides of the Taiwan strait. Right now, China, the most populous, economically dynamic and politically intriguing nation in the world, is on everybody's mind. Hu Jintao (chinesisch 胡錦濤 / 胡锦涛, W.-G. Hu Chin-t'ao; * 21. [16][17][18][19], Vorsitzende: [2] At the end of his tenure, Hu won praise for retiring voluntarily from all positions. ", Ewing, "Hu Jintao: The Making of a Chinese General Secretary. Hu Jintao ist ein Politiker der Volksrepublik China. So besuchte er 1981 die Zentrale Parteischule in Peking. An der Universität lernte er auch seine Frau Liu Yongqing kennen, mit der er zwei Kinder hat. Er hat sie gelöst. "Hu Jintao's Political Thinking and Legitimacy Building: A Post-Marxist Perspective. In 1980, Deng Xiaoping implemented the "Four Transformations" program which aimed to produce communist leaders who were "more revolutionary, younger, more knowledgeable, and more specialized." Throughout Hu's tenure, China's influence in Africa, Latin America, and other developing regions increased. Machtwechsel: Glückwünsche für den neuen chinesischen Präsidenten X Jinping von seinem Vorgänger Hu Jintao Bild: AFP. Unlike Wen Jiabao, the Premier, he never granted a public one-on-one interview with the media. Dezember 1942 in Jiangyan, bezirksfreie Stadt Taizhou) ist ein Politiker der Volksrepublik China. Ebenso arbeitete er im Sekretariat des Politbüros, das mit dessen Tagespolitik beschäftigt war, wie auch im Medienbereich, wo er insbesondere für die Darstellung des Präsidenten in der Öffentlichkeit zuständig war. He was also re-elected as Chairman of the PRC Central Military Commission.[30]. provisorisch: Song Qingling | The next year he was promoted to deputy senior party secretary. Seine beiden direkten Vorgänger Jiang Zemin und Hu Jintao hatten den Parteitag nach ihrer ersten Amtszeit noch dazu genutzt, um langsam einen reibungslosen Machttransfer anzuschieben. [51], Hu's tough-on-corruption policies have seen mixed results. [26], On 15 November 2002, a new Hu Jintao-led Politburo nominally succeeded Jiang. [47] Hu's tenure is also credited with modernizing China's infrastructure, the launch of China's first manned spaceprobe, and the success of two international events: the 2008 Beijing Olympics and the 2010 Shanghai Expo. Er wurde auch nicht mehr in das Zentralkomitee der Partei gewählt. Am 14. In 1992, Hu took charge of the Secretariat of the Communist Party of China, which oversaw day-to-day operations of the Central Committee, and the Central Party School, which was convenient for him to bring up his own supporters among senior CCP cadres. Xi will am reformkurs festhalten. [48], In foreign policy, Hu's critics say that his government was overly aggressive in asserting its new power, overestimated its reach, and raised the ire and apprehension of various neighbours, including Southeast Asian countries, India, and Japan. In 1987, Hu Jintao handled the local students protest parallel to the Democracy Wall carefully, whereas in Beijing similar protests resulted in Hu Yaobang's forced resignation. [27], The first crisis of Hu's leadership happened during the outbreak of SARS in 2003. Hu Yaobang | [17] Some diplomatic analysts linked what they saw as Hu's brutal use of force to the suppression of activists and students in Tiananmen Square, which took place three months later. Hu Jintao ho͞o´ jĭn´tou´ , 1942–, Chinese political leader, b. Jixi, Anhui prov. Nicht zuletzt dank der Förderung durch Hu Yaobang führte die politische Karriere Hu Jintaos auch tatsächlich bis in die höchsten Ämter der Volksrepublik. They have two children together, Hu Haifeng and Hu Haiqing. [14] Seine Art des Regierens setzte mehr auf technokratische Kompetenz als auf einen stark ausgeprägten Personenkult. [50] China's Gini coefficient climbed to 0.47 by 2010, indicating a potentially unsustainable gap between the rich and the poor. 胡锦涛; chiń. Hu Jintao (chinesisch .mw-parser-output .Hant{font-size:110%}胡錦濤 / .mw-parser-output .Hans{font-size:110%}胡锦涛, W.-G. Hu Chin-t'ao; * 21. ", Xing, Guoxin. [56][57] He held the offices of General Secretary of the Communist Party from 2002 to 2012, President of the People's Republic from 2003 to 2013 and Chairman of the Central Military Commission from 2004 to 2012. Hu Jintao | [47] The Hu administration's inability to rein in the wealth gap and its renewed emphasis on the role of state-owned enterprises in the economy led some economists to believe that Hu missed a critical opportunity for reform and structural adjustment. Hu is considered the paramount leader of China from 2004 to 2012. Jixi, Anhui prov. In the view of the Chinese government, these philosophies, which have created a new "China Model" of governance, serve as a legitimate alternative to the West's "Democracy Model", particularly for developing countries. ", "America in the Asia-Pacific: We're back", "As China Talks of Change, Fear Rises on the Risks", "On Way Out, China's Leader Offers Praise for the Status Quo", "China's leader Hu Jintao leads a country in ferment", Hu Jintao's political philosophies and policies, Central Secretariat of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the People's Republic of China, Central Party School of the Communist Party of China, Chairmen of the Central Military Commission, 17th Politburo of the Communist Party of China, 16th Politburo of the Communist Party of China, 15th Politburo of the Communist Party of China, 14th Politburo of the Communist Party of China, Vice-Presidents of the People's Republic of China,, Communist Party of China politicians from Jiangsu, Presidents of the People's Republic of China, Vice Presidents of the People's Republic of China, Recipients of the Order of the Sun of Peru, People's Republic of China politicians from Jiangsu, Members of the 17th Politburo Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China, First Secretaries of the Communist Youth League of China, General Secretaries and Chairmen of the Communist Party of China, Members of the 16th Politburo Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China, Members of the 15th Politburo Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China, Members of the 14th Politburo Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China, Articles containing Chinese-language text, Articles with dead external links from November 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Wikipedia pending changes protected pages, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using collapsible list with both background and text-align in titlestyle, Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 1992–2002: Secretary (first-ranked), 14th, 15th, Central Secretariat, 1988–2013: 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th National People's Congress, 1999–2004: Vice Chairman, Party Central Military Commission, Bo, Zhiyue. He was a member of the CCP Politburo Standing Committee, China's de facto top decision-making body, from 1992 to 2012. Von 2003 bis 2013 war er Staatspräsident der Volksrepublik China. He is a direct descendant of the Ming dynasty general Hu Zongxian, known for fighting Japanese pirates. Unrest and ethnic conflict were brewing, particularly anti-Han sentiments among segments of ethnic Tibetan society. [47] Hu also won praise for stepping down as military chief in favour of his successor Xi Jinping at the same time relinquishing his position as General Secretary. [7], Hu Jintao wurde 2010 vom Forbes Magazine zum mächtigsten Menschen der Welt erklärt und löste damit US-Präsident Barack Obama ab, der 2009 diesen Titel zugesprochen bekam. Hu Jintao - Find news stories, facts, pictures and video about Hu Jintao - Page 1 | Newser This was seen as a message to the establishment and Jiang Zemin that elders should retire according to protocol and avoid meddling in the affairs of their successors. "[37], Western criticism of Hu, particularly regarding human rights, exposes his hypersensitivity to social stability but does not lay as much emphasis on his fresh commitment to address China's multi-faceted social problems. [3] He is a direct descendant of the Ming dynasty general Hu Zongxian, known for fighting Japanese pirates. to third-generation leaders (Jiang Zemin, Li Peng, Qiao Shi etc.). He also cancelled many events that are traditionally practiced, such as the lavish send-off and welcoming-back ceremonies of Chinese leaders when visiting foreign lands. In der Retrospektive gegen Ende seiner Regierungszeit hieß es, Hus Präsidentschaft sei durch einen bescheidenen und zurückhaltenden Führungsstil gekennzeichnet. In addition, Hu and Premier Wen Jiabao's populist policies have resulted in the elimination of agricultural taxes for farmers, more flexible policies towards migrant workers living in cities, more balanced development between the coastal regions and the hinterlands, enforcing minimum wage in cities and the promotion of sustainable and affordable housing developments. "[31] Forbes also named him the second most powerful person in the world. Obama nicht mehr der mächtigste Mensch der Welt: Obama verliert Status als mächtigster Mann der Welt: Generalsekretär der Kommunistischen Partei Chinas, US-Bombardement der chinesischen Botschaft in Belgrad, Kommunistischen Partei der Volksrepublik China, Parteikongresses der Kommunistischen Partei, Managing Stability in the Taiwan Strait: Non-Military Policy towards Taiwan under Hu Jintao, China´s Foreign-and Security-policy Decision-making Processes under Hu Jintao, Remaking the CCP´s Ideology: Determinants, Progress, and Limits under Hu Jintao, Wichtige Reden und Meldungen zu seinen politischen Aktivitäten, Hu Jintao's 'Theory of the Three Harmonies', Förderung der Menschenrechte und Aufbau einer harmonischen Welt, Kabinettsreform verabschiedet: Chinas Präsident bleibt im Amt. Hu and Premier Wen Jiabao inherited a China wrought with internal social, political and environmental problems. Tavis Coburn for TIME. [8][9][10] Ein Jahr darauf wurde er allerdings in der Forbes-Liste nur noch auf Platz drei der mächtigsten Persönlichkeiten gesetzt, wobei US-Präsident Obama erneut den ersten Platz einnahm und der russische Präsident Wladimir Putin auf Rang zwei kam.[11]. Following a decade of conservative leadership in Beijing under Hu Jintao, the country may be on the cusp of radical change, writes the BBC's world affairs editor. Xi Jinping, Vorsitzende: März 2013 wurde Xi Jinping als sein Nachfolger vom Nationalen Volkskongress zum neuen Staatspräsidenten gewählt. He headed the Communist Youth League in Gansu and became party chief in Tibet and Guizhou. [14] Hu attempted to improve the economy of the backwater province, and reputedly visited all of its eighty-six counties. März 2003: 14. [3], Am 15. [20] In addition, John Tkacik cites that Hu had been coordinating with the Chengdu Military Region for troops to be on full alert as the situation progressed. He has been noted for his liking of table tennis and ballroom dancing. While there have been some attempts to increase transparency in the expenditures of official organs and bureaucrats, deeply entrenched systemic issues that were contributing to the growth of corruption remained unresolved. Hu possessed a modest and reserved leadership style. Hu Jintao (/huː dʒɪnˈtaʊ/; Chinese: 胡锦涛; pinyin: Hú Jǐntāo; Mandarin pronunciation: [xǔ tɕìn.tʰáu]; born 21 December 1942) is a Chinese politician, who was General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from 2002 to 2012, President of the People's Republic of China (PRC) from 2003 to 2013 and Chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC) from 2004 to 2012. [18] What occurred after is a matter of dispute. Show your poster to your classmates in the next lesson. The protesters were suppressed early into the next day, and Hu asked Beijing to declare martial law on 8 March. ", Narayanan, Raviprasad. Dem Ständigen Ausschuss des Politbüros gehört Hu seit 1992 an. ", Ding, Yijiang. Dezember 1942 in Jiangyan, bezirksfreie Stadt Taizhou) ist ein Politiker der Volksrepublik China. [10][11] His mentor Song Ping was transferred to Beijing as Minister of Organization of the Communist Party of China, and was in charge of senior cadres' recommendation, candidacy and promotion. Hu was also put in charge of the ideological work of the CCP. From 1969 to 1974, he worked for Sinohydro Engineering Bureau as an engineer.[8]. ", General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party, President of the People's Republic of China, Chairman of the Central Military Commission, Vice President of the People's Republic of China, Secretariat of the Communist Party of China, NATO bombing of the Chinese embassy in Belgrade, General Secretary of the Central Committee, Sixteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Chairman of the CCP Central Military Commission, Chairman of the PRC Central Military Commission, Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits, "Chinese leadership: The challenge in 2012", "Who's Hu? With the support of Hu Yaobang and Deng Xiaoping, Hu was assured of a bright future in the party. Zu diesem Anlass nahm Hu ein Truppen-Defilee ab und hielt eine Ansprache zur Lage der Nation, China werde an seiner erfolgreichen Variante des Sozialismus auch in Zukunft festhalten. Hu Jintao has served in key posts in some of China's poorest and most remote provinces. Although in the early years of his tenure Hu attempted to pioneer a form of "intraparty democracy" that called for greater participation from lower-ranked members to determine policy and select the leadership, there was little evidence of meaningful changes to the party's governing structure and decision-making process. Furthermore, the cronyism and corruption plaguing China's civil service, military, educational, judicial and medical systems sought to destroy the country bit by bit. Hua Guofeng | provisorisch: Dong Biwu, Vorsitzende des Ständigen Ausschusses des Nationalen Volkskongresses: 11 January 2005", "Power in China: Through a glass, darkly", "The NEWSWEEK 50: Chinese President Hu Jintao", World Savvy Monitor: China and the World - A foreign policy overview, "China's President Hu Jintao visits Japan", Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs, "KMT makes China return in historic trip to ease tensions", "Chinese, U.S. presidents hold telephone talks on Taiwan, Tibet", "The Last Year of Hu's Leadership: Hu's to Blame? Von 1969 bis 1974 arbeitete er als Ingenieur für das sinohydrische Ingenieursbüro Nummer 4. 1974 wurde er, ebenfalls in Gansu, Sekretär der Kommission für Investbau. ", Chai, Winberg. Wu committed the new government in Taiwan against Taiwanese independence; Hu committed his government to addressing the concerns of the Taiwanese people in regard to security, dignity, and "international living space", with a priority given to allowing Taiwan to participate in the World Health Organization. März 2013 Xi Jinping: 14. His branch of the family migrated from Jixi County, Anhui to Taizhou during his grandfather's generation. [25] Hu's pragmatic, non-ideological agenda had two core values—maintaining social stability to further economic development and sustaining Chinese culture to enrich national sovereignty. In jener Funktionärstracht hatte Mao 1949 an gleicher Stelle die Volksrepublik ausgerufen. Durch die Nachfolge in diesen drei Ämtern wurde Hu Jintao zum neuen Paramount Leader (Führer von Partei, Staat und Armee) der Volksrepublik China und gilt eher als „Hardliner“ denn als Reformer. On 12 April 2008, Hu Jintao met with Taiwan's Vice President-elect Vincent Siew in the latter's role as chairman of the Cross-strait Common Market Foundation during the Boao Forum for Asia. Als die Mitglieder der sogenannten zweiten Führungsgeneration der Kommunistischen Partei, so z. In 1982, Hu was promoted to the position of Communist Youth League Gansu Branch Secretary and was appointed as the director of the All-China Youth Federation. Xi fuhr die Reformpolitik seiner Vorgänger wie Hu Jintao zurück und verfolgt eine stärkere „patriotische“ Ideologisierung wie auch eine aggressivere Außen- und Innenpolitik – etwa durch eine stärkere digitale Überwachung der Bevölkerung und ein restriktiveres Vorgehen gegenüber der uigurischen Minderheit. [17] Hu experienced high-altitude sickness in June 1990, and returned to Beijing, but remained in his position for another two years, during which Hu achieved little. [47] In addition, Hu's "soft approach" to Taiwan, coinciding with the election of a Kuomintang government in Taipei, was credited for having improved relationship between mainland China and Taiwan. Hu and Wen Jiabao have also attempted to move China away from a policy of favouring economic growth at all costs and toward a more balanced view of growth that includes factors in social inequality and environmental damage, including the use of the green gross domestic product in personnel decisions.

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