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A Quantitative Review of the Effect of Computerized Testing on the Measurement of Social Desirability

A meta-analysis was conducted to determine the extent to which the computer administration of a measure influences socially desirable responding. Social desirability was defined as consisting of two components: impression management and self-deceptive enhancement. A small but statistically significant effect (d = -0.08) was found for impression management, with impression management being lower when assessed by computer. Correlational analysis revealed, however, that the strength of the effect of computer administration on impression management appeared to diminish over time such that more recent studies have found small or no effects. Consistent with its conceptualization, reports of self-deceptive enhancement did not differ by testing format. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of how they contribute to the explication of the construct of social desirability and cross-mode equivalence.