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PECULIARITIES OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF RICE PLANTS DEPENDING ON BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF VARIETIES AND CULTIVATION CONDITIONS

INTRODUCTION It is typical for rice, as for other higher plants, to form organs during ontogenesis according to the stages of organogenesis. Instead, not all researchers stick to clear boundaries of the division into organogenesis stages. Considering the fact that rice has no clear boundaries between VIII and IX stages, the crop has 11 stages of organogenesis. Such a distribution of stages of organogenesis in rice is inappropriate because of two reasons. Firstly, the characteristics of organs formation peculiarities in all studies related to the species of higher plants at each stage of the organogenesis has been widely introduced in biological literature, and the corresponding number of the stage of organogenesis is perceived not simply as a sequence number, but as a set of organ formation processes. Due to this fact the change in numbering of the last stages brings some confusion. Secondly, VIII and IX stages of organogenesis in rice are not always indistinct. It is established that at lowering of air temperature during the period of panicleing, flowering starts with a delay of 1-3 days and more, that is development of plants at VIII stage of organogenesis is prolonged. Most of the above mentioned researchers did not succeed in learning phenotypal variability of features depending on genotype, as their experiments were performed on the example of one or three varieties. In addition, the potential opportunities for the development of quantitative features of rice, which could reveal the conditionality of these features by genotype, have not been studied at the time. Without such studies, it is almost impossible to clearly formulate the directions of selection, a model of rice varieties of rice regions of Ukraine and develop backgrounds for effective selection of elite plants.