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Reports and Surveys

An interactive model-building and automatic image recognition system has been developed by the Electrotechnical Laboratory of the Japanese Agency of Industrial Science and Technology. The system is capable of studying stomach X-rays, tomograms of the brain and other data and ultimately achieves complete automatic recognition of images. This is a system that will have many spin-offs into applications in automation and in many other fields. The idea is for the computer to translate the specialised knowledge possessed by experts, such as physicians, through an interactive mode into mechanical language and to memorise the results for retrieval in the interpretation of various kinds of images. It follows that if this is successfully achieved, image recognition systems with high resolution capabilities can be fabricated without the need for specialized programmers. The developers of this new system say that most existing image recognition systems have to change their program with each new type of recognition target. This involves a great deal of preparation and re-programming. This new systems is said to eliminate this by using samples, and creating generic models. In the reported example of the first application of this system in New Technology Japan (16, No. 8, 27, 1988), the generic models were of the eyes, nose, mouth and other parts of the face obtained in the interactive mode. The system has a basic program by which it accurately senses the face's contours, the eyes, mouth and other parts as well as their characteristics and relative positions. In this chosen application the user of the system designated a specific place in the image appearing in the picture. For example, if it is an eye than he gives it the name "eye" and the machine will memorise it. If the machine reads out the same image, but makes a mistake, the user is able to teach the machine the correct answer. Repeating this process means that various kinds of information is stored relating to a specific image in the machine with the result that the machine will be capable of accurately discovering an "eye" or a "nose". In the applications to medicine used to test the system the research group conducted a series of tests on the human face and stomach by using X-rays and computerised tomograms. They confirmed that the system is fully capble of automatic sensing.