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Prenatal Diagnosis and Treatment of Fetal Goiter

A case study of a fetal goiter with successful in utero treatment is presented. The incidence of fetal goiters is rare and can have poor neonatal outcomes due to tracheal and esophageal obstruction. This makes prenatal diagnosis and treatment pertinent. In this case, a solid, homogenous, hypervascular mass is seen protruding from the anterior fetal neck causing hyperextension of the cervical spine. With the use of a percutaneous umbilical cord sampling (PUBS) procedure, the diagnosis of fetal hypothyroidism was established. Successful treatment of the fetal goiter and hypothyroidism with intra-amniotic injections of synthroid prevented tracheal obstruction and the need for an ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedure at delivery.