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Changing occupational safety and health contexts and their policy challenges

The world of work has changed dramatically over the past two decades or more. The number of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) has grown, the use of outsourcing and subcontracting has increased and a marked rise has occurred in the use of various forms of ‘non-standard’ employment. In addition, in many developed economies, trade union membership and representation have declined significantly, there has been a substantial shift in employment from manufacturing and other ‘traditional’ industries to the services sector, and major changes have been made to the way in which both private and public sector organisations are structured and managed.