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Reactive Extraction of levulinic acid using tri-n-Octylamine in 1-hexanol

Reactive extraction of levulinic acid using trin-octylamine (TOA) in 1-hexanol was investigated by physical and chemical extractions from aqueous solution at room temperature. Using the equilibrium data, the distribution coefficient (KD), extraction efficiency (E%), loading ratio (Z), stoichiometric loading factor (ZS) and modified separation factor (Sf ) are evaluated. It was observed that chemical extraction provided a better yield than physical extraction. A maximum KD was obtained as 10.715 using 40% TOA (0.9059 mol/L) while 91.46% of the levulinic acid was extracted. By increasing the initial concentration of levulinic acid resulted in a decrease of KD and E%. The KD and E% increased by increasing the TOA concentration from 10 to 40% (0.2264 mol/L to 0.9059 mol/L).