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TIG and laser beam welded joints – simplified numerical analyses

Regardless of the welding method, a new joint and the surrounding area are inevitably subjected 
to thermo-physical perturbation. The paper presents analyses of many different issues 
involved in welding and potential solutions including adoption of simplifying assumptions, 
application of numerical algorithms and development of reliable representative models. The 
Finite Element Method is used to determine residual stress distribution, using results from 
thermo-physical tests and widely known mechanical properties of metals subjected to welding 
processes. Experimental and numerical methods for determining residual stress are 
compared for welds generated using both TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas, Gas Tungsten Arc Welding) 
and a laser beam. This data reveals that it is necessary to precisely define location of 
the analyzed welded fragment to correctly determine thermal boundary conditions.