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IMPLEMENTATION OF A FUNCTIONAL APPROACH TO TRAINING INTERPRETERS

The article deals with the problem of implementing a functional approach in the training of interpreters. The significance of this approach is due to the need to form in them a conscious attitude to the translated text and the communicative situation of its creation, as well as to a reasonable choice of translation strategies and tactics. The article presents a retrospective of the functional approach emergence and development on the example of scientists from West Germany and Russia, and modern approaches to its implementation on the example of texts of various genres translations into Chinese and Arabic. The author considers the possibility of implementing a functional approach in the training of interpreters, especially at the stage of learning and preparation for interpretation. Namely, instructions to analyze external and internal factors of the source and target texts generation in a situation of excursion and to working with the function diagram of the dialogue in the situation "Meeting at the airport" are presented. The author draws a conclusion that while teaching interpreters, it is necessary to pay attention to the specifics of the oral, multimodal translation discourse, the status-role and communicative characteristics of the participants, the contact situation and the sphere of communication. The main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used by teachers of translation in the process of preparing students for future translation activities.