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Pulsed electric discharge in vacuum diodes with electrodes made of low- and high-temperature superconductors

Results are presented of studies of pulsed electric strength and threshold current densities for niobium cathodes in the superconducting and normal states. The process of heating and failure of cathode microemitters under the action of high density field emission current is analyzed. Data of the work function, limiting current densities and tensile strength of YBa2Cu3O7-x cathode tips, effect of emission current on the superconducting properties of YBa2Cu3O7-x thin films and peculiarities of prebreakdown phenomena in vacuum gap with YBa2Cu3O7-x electrodes are given.