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INEQUALITIES IN THE INFORMATION SOCIETY : A STATISTICAL APPROACH TO THE DIGITAL DIVIDE

The development of the Information Society involves the apparition of the so-called “digital divide” which, according to the OECD (2001), “refers to the gap between individuals, households, businesses and geographic areas at different socio-economic levels with regard both to their opportunities to access information and communication technologies (ICTs) and to their use of the Internet for a wide variety of activities”. This kind of analysis requires a conceptual revision and a study of the suitable measures and indicators. Both objectives are assumed in the present paper, in which we undertake a revision of the traditional concepts of inequality and relative deprivation and their relations with some new terms such as “digital exclusion” or “digital divide”. Furthermore, we focus on the different perspectives usually considered for the inequality analysis (personal, spatial, sectoral and functional), examining their meaning in the context of the Information Society and analysing the most adequate statistical measures in each case. The work includes some illustrations of the considered concepts and measures.