{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.015341701534170154, 'fraction_numerical': 0.005578800557880056, 'mean_word_length': 5.136752136752137, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Particle physics: the next generation

Particle physics was born in 1897 with the discovery of the electron by J J Thomson, and many experimental and conceptual strides have been made in the century or so since this discovery. Several layers of the cosmic onion have been peeled away, and our current understanding of the subject is summarized in the so-called Standard Model, which has been tested with high precision at particle-physics laboratories around the world. There is no confirmed measurement from any laboratory experiment that contradicts the Standard Model. However, we particle physicists find it very unsatisfactory because its very successes raise many fundamental questions that cry out for answers.