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Inter-molecular and molecular-matrix interaction of photochromic compound furylfulgides

Inter-molecular interaction of photochromic compound furylfulgide dispersed in a PMMA film was studied from the measurements of luminescence spectra as a function of the concentration of the fulgide and also a function of the excitation photon energy. The peak energy of luminescence decreased as the concentration increased and as the excitation photon energy decreased for the concentration lower than 0.01 mol/dm3. However, the peak energy was the lowest one among the measured samples and independent of the excitation photon energy for a sample of the concentration of 0.1 mol/dm3. These are well understood in terms of an electric dipole-dipole interaction between the fulgide molecules. The critical distance between the molecules was about 4 nm. The conversion rate for the coloration depended strongly on the temperature as well as the excitation photon energy. It was found that the band shape and peak energy of the absorption spectrum for the light-produced C- or E-form fulgides in a PMMA film depends on the excitation photon energy. This means that one can select special free volumes (cage) from the inhomogeneously distributed ones in a polymer matrix by a narrow band excitation.