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GaN superluminescent diodes and their applications

Although Superluminescent Light Emitting Diodes (SLEDs) have been already reported shortly after the invention of the Laser Diodes (LD), they are not very common. These edge-emitting SLED devices combine the features of well-known photonics devices like LDs or LEDs. On one side, they have an excellent spatial coherence like an LD, translating into a divergence-limited light emission allowing good coupling efficiency in single-mode fibers, for instance. On the other hand, SLEDs feature a broad wavelength spectrum, translating into low temporal coherence. This reduces or avoids unwanted interference effects in many displaying applications where SLEDs are also considered "speckle-free laser diodes". The short coherence length also enables diagnostics with a high resolution of a few microns in many interferometric biomedical applications. Finally, the broad optical spectrum is also used in component or fiber optical link testing for characterizing wavelength-dependent insertion losses or dispersion effects.