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Life in the Atacama -- Year 2: Geologic Reconnaissance Through Long-Range Roving and Implications on the Search for Life

The “Life in the Atacama” (LITA) project included two field trials during the 2004 field season, each of which lasted about a week. The remote science team had no prior knowledge of the local geology, and relied entirely on orbital images and rover-acquired data to make interpretations. The sites for these trials were in different locations, and are designated “Site B” and “Site C” respectively. The primary objective of the experiment is to develop and test the means to locate, characterize, and identify habitats and life remotely through long-range roving, which included field testing the rover, named Zoe. Zoe has onboard autonomous navigation for long-range roving, a plow to overturn rocks and expose near-surface rock materials, and high-resolution imaging, spectral, and fluorescence sampling capabilities. Highlights from the experiment included characterizing the geology in and near the landing ellipse, assessing pre-mission, satellite-based hypotheses, and improving the approach and procedures used by the remote and field teams for upcoming experiments (also see [1-3]) through combined satellite, field-based, and microscopic perspectives and long-range roving (e.g., Figs. 1-3). Fig. 1. Schematic map of Site B showing pre-mission, satellite-based information. Fig. 2. Panorama taken from the high-resolution imager onboard the rover. Fig. 3. RGB visible light reflectance image taken from the rover showing rock characteristics (image is 10 cm wide).