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Frequency of Ventricular Septal Rupture in Patients of Acute Myocardial Infarction

Objective: To determine the frequency of ventricular septal rupture in patients of acute myocardial infarction presented at the adult cardiology department of National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease (NICVD), Karachi. 
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Karachi, Pakistan for a period of six months. A total of 384 patients with acute myocardial Infarction diagnosed within 4 weeks duration were included in this study. ECG and transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) was formed. Patients were followed for 7 days and the study outcome. Data was collected on a pre-designed structured questionnaire. 
Results: The average age of the patients was 54.40±7.99 years. Frequency of ventricular septal rupture in patients of acute myocardial infarction was observed in 1.3% (5/384) in which defect in Inter ventricular septum was observed in 60%, Evidence of left-to-right shunt 40%. 
Conclusion: Our study revealed a ventricular septal rupture (VSR) rate of 1.3%. The study further revealed a correlation between smoking and rate of VSR.A multidisciplinary team of researchers must work together to develop a plan that is specific to each patient.