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Optoacoustic detection of 3D microstructures in deep tissue-mimicking phantoms

The emerging research field of functional micro devices and microbots aims at developing remote-controlled microsensors and actuators that can operate inside living organisms for biomedical applications. However, a significant gap remains in controlling with high accuracy such microdevices in complex environments. This is primarily due to the lack of high spatial and temporal resolution techniques. Here we demonstrate the detection of synthetic microstructures with sizes between 10 and 50 µm size, in deep tissue-mimicking phantoms, using multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT). When referring to guidance/propulsion, cargo-delivery, and imaging capabilities, these microstructures represent key components of the physical, chemical and biohybrid microbots. They are conceived for diverse in vivo medical applications, including non-invasive diagnosis and therapy.