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Rights of Sanitation Workers in India

The legal framework in India recognizes the right to sanitation and the rights of workers in hazardous employment. But it has failed to regulate the safety of sanitation workers. The agencies of the state and local bodies that employ sanitation workers ignore the safety dimensions of their work. In this context, the higher judiciary has granted relief to sanitation workers who were victims of accidents or to their families after their death. This chapter analyses the legal framework relating to sanitation workers and highlights the importance of making laws to achieve their right to sanitation. It focuses on two dimensions. First, sanitation work is primarily a caste based and poverty driven occupation and this explains the indifferent attitude of the public and State. Second, the realization of the right to sanitation depends on the safety of sanitation workers and their recognition as right holders.