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On the correlation between optical and γ-ray emission of the blazar 3C 454.3 during the multi-wavelength flare from 2012 to 2017

The correlation of optical and γ-ray emission of the blazar 3C 454.3 during the multi-wavelength ﬂare from 2012 to 2017 isanalyzed. The light curves have a complex structure, especially during the period of maximum radiation in 2014, when theactivity in the form of a series of 4-5 small ﬂares is observed. The cross-correlation functions exhibit almost zero lag betweenBVR and γ-ray emission at diﬀerent periods of the long-term ﬂares. This suggests that optical and γ-ray emission come fromapproximately the same location (probably the base of the jet) and are physically connected. In general, optical emission lagsbehind gamma radiation except a few cases. It is assumed that both synchrotron radiation and inverse Compton scatteringby relativistic electrons and protons, which is typical for strong ﬂares, are present. The rotation of γ-ray radiation regionrelative to optical one is supposed.