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A thermally stimulated depolarisation technique for studying the freezing of water dispersed within emulsions

A thermally stimulated depolarisation (TSD) technique is presented, for studying the crystallisation of supercooled water dispersed within emulsions. The technique makes use of the high resolving power and the scanning character of the TSD method and of the phenomenon of evolution with time of the dielectric properties of ice dispersions in oil. It enables the determination of the freezing temperature, when the emulsion is submitted to steady cooling, and of the fraction of frozen water as a function of time, when the emulsion is maintained at a fixed temperature. No models or formulae for the dielectric behaviour of the emulsion are needed to this end. Examples illustrating the efficiency of the technique are also given.