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Placental location and obstetrical-neonatal outcomes - A retrospective study.

OBJECTIVE
To explore the potential association of lateral placentation with pregnancy outcome.


METHODS
The database of a tertiary medical center was searched for women who gave birth to a singleton infant in 2012-2020 for whom placental location was documented during antepartum sonographic examination. Clinical data were compared between patients with a central (anterior/posterior/fundal) or lateral placenta using standard statistics. The primary outcome measure was neonatal birthweight; secondary outcome measures were pregnancy complications and mode of delivery.


RESULTS
The cohort included 12,306 women: 11,608 (94%) with a central placenta and 698 (5.6%) with a lateral placenta. The lateral placenta group had higher rates (P <0.05) of prior and current cesarean delivery, assisted delivery, and preterm birth. On multivariate regression analyses, placental location (aOR 1.36, 95% CI 1.11-1.66) and maternal age (aOR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.03) were associated with risk of preterm birth; lateral placenta (aOR 1.22, 95% CI 1.02-1.47), maternal age (aOR 1.07, 95% CI 1.06-1.08), parity (aOR 0.32, 95% CI 0.28-0.35), and prior cesarean delivery (aOR 12.00, 95% CI 10.60-13.60) were associated with risk of current cesarean delivery.


CONCLUSION
The findings suggest that lateral placentation may pose a risk of preterm birth and cesarean delivery compared to central placentation.