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Faunal Similarities across the South Atlantic among Mesozoic and Cenozoic Invertebrates Correlated with Widening of the Ocean Basin

South Atlantic sea-floor spreading during post-Jurassic time had a major effect on the degree of invertebrate faunal similarity between the South American and African plates. Faunal similarity among genera, as expressed by the Simpson coefficient, has a strong negative correlation with ocean basin width estimated from published paleogeographic maps. Trans-South Atlantic Simpson values are lower than North Atlantic values. Probability calculations indicate that as the known fossil record diverges from original biogeographic patterns, Simpson values tend to decrease. This probably contributed to the difference between the northern and southern Simpson values, because northern faunas are better known.