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PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES IN THE FAMILY MALVACEAE. I. COMPARISON OF ESSENTIAL OILS OF SIX SPECIES BY GAS-LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY

A B S T R A C T When the chemical constitution of the essential oils of six species within three genera of the family Malvaceae were investigated, the essential oils of Gossypium hirsu'tum L. and Cienfuegosia rosei Fryxell were found to contain 67.0 % and 58.2 % hydrocarbons, respectively. Those of Hibiscus lasiocarpus (Cav.) and Callirhoe involucrata (Nutt.) Gray contained equal percentages of hydrocarbons (14 %), but that of Cienfuegosia drummondii (A. Gray) Lewt. contained only 2.9 % hydrocarbons. Beta-bisabolol was the major oxygenated component in G. hirsutum (13.7 %), Hibiscus militaris (Cav.) (55.0 %), and Hibiscus lasiocarpus (32.6 %), but the major constituents in the essential oil of C. involuerata were myrtenal (32.0 %) and trans-2-cis-6-nonadienal (12.0 %), and the major oxygenated component in C. rosei was an unknown sesquiterpene alcohol (17.4 %) with chemical and physical properties resembling those of beta-bisabolol. The concentration of total oil was 150.0 ppm in G. hirsutum; 50.0 ppm in H. militaris; 46.3 ppm in C. rosei; 41.0 ppm in H. lasiocarpus; 25.4 ppm in C. drummondii; and 10.0 ppm in C. involucrata, all based on wet weight.