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The Rebirth of Populism in Italy and France

The crisis of political forms of representation seems to have been accelerated by the impact of international events such as the collapse of “really existing socialism,” the end of the Cold War, growing migratory pressures, and disruptions in various industrial sectors resulting from competition from areas with lower labor costs. As a result, there has been a “rebirth of populism” both in Western and Eastern Europe. Despite national differences, a series of populist movements have developed over the last decade. Characterized by anxieties, uncertainties and widespread fear, they seem to exhibit important common features: the destruction of traditional symbolic codes, the appeal to “common sense” against politicians and intellectuals, the return to “authentic” communitarian traditions and reliance on charismatic personalities.