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The development of public utilities in England in the 14th-16th centuries: source studies aspect

Throughout the 20th century, there had been growing interest in Russian studies in the study of the phenomenon of an English town in the Middle Ages and early modern times, including the problems of communal services and landscaping. However, certain plots from urban history are still not sufficiently explored. The article analyses the sources that make it possible to study the main measures of the British government in the field of public utilities, the activities of municipal authorities in solving the issue of maintaining the sanitary state of significant urban objects, its improvement. The 14th to the 16th centuries are the period of the study. The authors examined various types of sources. These include documents of a national character, local municipal documents, a narrative source – “A Survey of London” by John Stow. A wide range of attracted local documents allow us to talk about general trends and patterns in the development of the communal sector in the capital and in the provincial cities of various regions of England, such as, for example, the southeast – Southampton; northwest – Manchester; West Midlands – Coventry; eastern region of England – Cambridge, Norwich. The analysis of local documents makes it possible to draw conclusions about regional features in the development of this sphere of town life. The statutes of the kingdom, acts of parliament, as well as annals and chronicles of cities testify to the implementation of the decisions of the central authorities of the kingdom on the ground. These sources are representative in reflecting the issue of the development of communal services in England in the 14th to the 16th centuries, maintaining its sanitary condition.