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Progression‐free survival of children with localized ependymoma treated with intensity‐modulated radiation therapy or proton‐beam radiation therapy

The treatment for childhood intracranial ependymoma includes maximal surgical resection followed by involved‐field radiotherapy, commonly in the form of intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Proton‐beam radiation therapy (PRT) is used at some centers in an effort to decrease long‐term toxicity. Although protons have the theoretical advantage of a minimal exit dose to the surrounding uninvolved brain tissue, it is unknown whether they have the same efficacy as photons in preventing local recurrence.