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Three‐dimensional digital colposcopy

Traditional colposcopy has used a device with magnifying lens and a source of light to brighten and visualize the cervix. Technical improvements such as colpophotography were incorporated to obtain a permanent record of the colposcopy images. More recently, digital colposcopy integrated new and advanced tools to improve the possibilities of the colposcopic method (1 3). In conventional colposcopy, images are observed only in two dimensions (2D), i.e. width and height, without focal depth. The application of three-dimensional (3D) images to obtain more detailed images in order to visualize different aspects of the epithelial surfaces has improved the diagnostic efficiency of this technique. Such 3D images are currently employed in different fields of medicine such as ecography and computerized axial tomography. In this sense, they may also be employed in the colposcopic diagnosis of all lower genital tract lesions (4). The usual equipment employed for digital colposcopy to obtain 3D images is a colposcope with a videocamera connected to a computer. The captured images are visualized on the monitor screen of the computer. Afterwards, either the whole or selected areas of the image can be analyzed in 3D representation (width, height and depth) on the monitor screen. The computer must hold hardware with a microprocessor (CPU) of at least 1 GHz and a 1 GB RAM memory to create 3D images; moreover, it must include a 3D video adapter with an accelerated graphics port and should dispose of specialized software. The 3D colposcopic image presented in Figure 1 was obtained with the 3D Studio Max software (Autodesk† 3ds Max† software, San Rafael, California, USA). Other software may also be used (4). Details of the epithelial surfaces are