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A Proposed Elevation Angle Model for Small Cell Environments

The deployment of small cells is one of the key enabling technologies for the next generation mobile communication. Due to the short coverage of small cell, the elevation angle, which is ignored in long distance transmission model, should be taken into account in channel modelling. In this paper, we developed a geometrically based single bounce (GBSB) channel model for a small cell mobile environment which assumes that scattering objects are located uniformly within an ellipse around the mobile station (MS). The closed-form expression for joint and marginal probability density function (PDF) of elevation angle of departure (EAOD) is derived and validated by Monte Carlo simulation. With our derived PDF expression, the impact of parameters such as the distance between the base station (BS) and the MS, the height of the BS and the size of scatterers on the elevation angle are also discussed.