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The Axiomatic and Stochastic Approaches to Index Number Theory Chapter 16 of The Consumer Price Index Manual

1. As was seen in Chapter 15, it was useful to be able to evaluate various index number formulae that have been proposed in terms of their properties. If a formula turns out to have rather undesirable properties, then doubt is cast on its suitability as an index that could be used by a statistical agency as a target index. Looking at the mathematical properties of index number formulae leads to the test or axiomatic approach to index number theory. In this approach, desirable properties for an index number formula are proposed and then it is attempted to determine whether any formula is consistent with these properties or tests. An ideal outcome is the situation where the proposed tests are both desirable and completely determine the functional form for the formula.