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SCOTOMA DUE TO ARTERIAL HYPOTENSION

Auto‐observations of a characteristic scotoma due to arterial hypotension are reported. As far as I know, this has not been described in detail before. A small spot appears before each eye, temporal to and near the fixation point. These spots increase in size and unite to form an oval in the central part of the visual field. The oval has an extension of 10° vertically and 17° horizontally. It is a positive scotoma which wholly or partially covers the background. Peripheral to the oval, the visual field is intact. The scotoma fades and disappears while retaining its size and shape. The duration is a few minutes. The scotoma is probably caused by retinal ischemia. It is not identical, however, with the experimental “blackout” provoked by means of a cervical pressure cuff, an aviation centrifuge or ophthalmodynamometry.