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Recharge Rates to Shallow Groundwater from Streamflow in Arid Zone Catchments

Recharge rates to shallow groundwater that occur during streamflow events are a poorly constrained part of the water balance of large rivers in arid zone catchments. Considerable research has examined transmission losses and recharge rates of ephemeral streams with predominantly coarse grained channel sediments but far less in known of corresponding recharge rates from rivers with fine grained channel and floodplain sediments that are more typical of many Australian arid zone rivers. The arid zone catchments generally occur in regions of high potential evapotranspiration and flux rates from groundwater recharge are difficult to separate from the large loss term of evapotranspiration. An estimation of the rates of varying recharge to alluvial groundwater systems during and after flow events provides important information to constrain this loss process in streamflow models of these arid zone rivers. A field project collected data on flow events and the piezometric level of shallow groundwater at a number of floodplain sites within arid zone rivers of the Lake Eyre Basin of Australia.