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"Settlements Growth and Development in Semarang City Centre Area, Indonesia "

Urban growth is a complex and dynamic process involving changes in the physical and functional components of the built environment (Sahana, Hong, and Sajjad, 2018), in which residential growth and development are essential. Residential is generally called as settlement and it is specifically referred to as a house (Hammond C W, 1979; Hudson, 1974). The main factor affecting the physical expansion of a city is the population growth rate and land consumption per capita (Bagheri and Tousi, 2017). Urban expansion characteristics are often locally specific, based on determinants such as economic, social, demographic, and planning (Xu and Zhang, 2017; You and Yang, 2017). Urban expansion rate is generally twice higher than population growth rate (Seto, Fragkias, Güneralp, and Reilly, 2011) and one of the triggered problems is the tendency of over-concentration in certain areas causing imbalance or uneven distribution of service centres. Meanwhile, access to opportunities and employment is often the top reason for people in choosing a residential location (Christiaensen and Todo, 2013; Rodríguez-Pose and Hardy, 2015; Satterthwaite, 2006). It makes the city centre or downtown area most favourable because the large-scale modern activities, social infrastructure and decisionmaking centres are entirely available in the area (Donaghy, 2013). Urban growth also implies changes in land use or land cover (Patino and Duque, 2013). In this paper, the built-up area is broadly defined as having Centre for Research on Settlements and Urbanism