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Preventive effects of medium‐chain triglycerides supplementation on the dysfunction of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in skeletal muscle under cachectic condition

Cachexia is a complex metabolic syndrome associated with underlying chronic diseases and is characterized dysfunction of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in skeletal muscle. The preventive effects of medium‐chain triglycerides (MCT) supplementation on the dysfunction of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in skeletal muscle under cachectic condition have been investigated in the present study. ICR mice were randomly divided into 4 groups; control, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS plus long‐chain triglycerides (LCT), LPS plus MCT supplementation. LCT and MCT oil (The Nisshin OilliO Group, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) were administered to the LPS+LCT and LPS+MCT groups orally by a catheter for 1 week. Cachexia was induced in the LPS, LPS+LCT and LPS+MCT groups via LPS injection (7.5 mg/kg body weight, i.p.) after the supplementation. LPS resulted in a decrease in succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, which is an indicator of mitochondrial function, and PGC‐1α, which is an indicator of mitochondrial biogenesis, in tibialis anterior muscles. LPS also induced a reduction of total ketone bodies concentration level in blood plasma. Meanwhile, MCT supplementation suppressed the decrease of SDH activity and total ketone bodies concentration. In addition, MCT supplementation increased the level of citrate synthase activity in the muscles. These results suggested that MCT supplementation could prevent dysfunction of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in skeletal muscle under cachectic condition.