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Effect of Co-evaporant Induced Crystallization on Needle Growth of Phthalocyanine Thin Films

Needle growth control of metal-free phthalocyanine (H2Pc) films was performed by using a recently proposed method, “co-evaporant induced crystallization.” Nominally 200 nm of H2Pc films were grown on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates with substrate heating of 70 and 40°C. The morphologies were observed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the crystallinities were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Various lengths of needles were observed in the H2Pc films grown without co-evaporant. With co-evaporant, in contrast, rather uniform and shorter needles with larger diameters were grown. These results suggest that the co-evaporant enhances rather 2-dimensional-growth than 3-dimensional-growth of organic films.