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Evaluation of “Together, We Inspire Smart Eating” (WISE) Nutrition Intervention for Young Children: Assessment of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption with Parent Reports and Measurements of Skin Carotenoids as Biomarkers

ABSTRACT Resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS) and parent report were used to assess dietary intake of fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption among young children experiencing a nutrition intervention. The nutrition intervention was “Together, We Inspire Smart Eating” (WISE). The study followed a convenience sample of low-income children in preschool (N = 175) and early elementary (N = 199) classrooms over an academic school year. Data were collected in a Southern, rural U.S state. Results of pre- and post-assessments indicated statistically improved consumption of FV at follow-up compared to baseline. Results were consistent using both assessment methods supporting the use of either assessment method.