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Is the Anti‐Rubella Antibody in Cerebrospinal Fluid the Local Antibody?

Detection of viral antibody in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with encephalitis caused by such viruses as Japanese encephalitis virus ( JEV) (2), herpes simplex virus (HSV) (7), mumps virus (3), rabies virus (9), and measles virus (MV) (8) is well documented. CSF antibody is believed to be produced locally. Rubella virus (RV) infection may lead to two types of central nervous system (CNS) complications, i.e., postinfection encephalitis (10) and progressive rubella panencephalitis (PRP) (11), but the incidence of these complications, particularly of the latter, is low. The presence of RV antibody in CSF has been unequivocally demonstrated by the hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test only in the case of PRP (14). In spite of the rarity of CNS involvement in RV infection, RV HI activity is occasionally found in CSF, and sometimes is too easily taken as an indication of RV encephalitis. We have collected serum and CSF specimens from 20 cases of various neurological disorders, including 16 cases suspected to be etiologically linked to RV on the