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Cuba Resists Democracy

Convinced that Cuba's "transformation is already underway," the author released The Problem of Democracy in Cuba (New York: Oxford University Press) after several years of "awaiting the event"(p. vii). Bengelsdorf attempts to reveal the sources of anti-democratic behavior in the historical evolution of MarxistLeninist theory and in Cuban practice since 1959. Finding "actually existing socialism" in contradiction with democracy, she posits that, given the flaws inherent in classical Marxism, the results are not surprising. But Bengelsdorf argues that the Cuban case differs, due to the identification of socialism and nationalism (unlike Central/Eastern Europe) and to the living presence of Marti"s ideals. The Cuban failure to democratize seems to flow from several important factors: flaws inherent in Marxism-Leninism, Cuba's adoption of the Stalinist model in the 1970s, Marti's stress on "unity," and the historic U.S. threat which justifies a militant posture. Castro's personalism is not considered.