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Molecular cloning of the calcium and sodium ATPases in Neurospora crassa

Using PCR, reverse transcription‐PCR (RT‐PCR) and colony hybridization in a genomic library, we isolated six genes which encode type II P‐type ATPases in Neurospora crassa. The six full‐length cDNAs were cloned in a yeast expression vector and transformed into Saccharomyces cerevisiae null Ca2+‐ or Na+‐ATPase mutants. Three cDNAs suppressed the defect of the Ca2+ mutant and two of these protected from Mn2+ toxicity. One cDNA suppressed the defect of the Na+ mutant and two cDNAs were not functional in S. cerevisiae. The expression of the transcripts of the six genes in the presence of Ca2+, Na+, high pH or supporting an osmotic shock indicated that, with the exception of one of the Ca2+‐ATPases, the main function of the cloned ATPases is the adaptation to stress conditions. The relationship between the cloned fungal Ca2+‐ and Na+‐ATPases and plant type II P‐ATPases is discussed.