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Speech Synchronization for Physics-Based Facial Animation

We present a method for generating realistic speech-synchronized facial animations using a physicsbased approach and support for coarticulation, i.e. the coloring of a speech segment by surrounding segments. We have implemented several extensions to the original coarticulation algorithm of Cohen and Massaro [Cohen93]. The enhancements include an optimization to improve performance as well as special treatment of closure and release phase of bilabial stops and other phonemes. Furthermore, for phonemes that are shorter than the sampling intervals of the algorithm and might therefore be missed, additional key frames are created to ensure their impact onto the animation.