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Geopositioning Improvement of ZY-3 Satellite Imagery Integrating GF-7 Laser Altimetry Data

Improving the accuracy of block adjustment with few or no ground control points (GCPs) is one of the core issues for satellite imagery high-precision mapping. The GaoFen-7 (GF-7) satellite laser altimeter system is the first Chinese formal spaceborne laser altimeter system, which is equipped with laser footprint cameras for the first time. Given the very high height accuracy and high planimetric accuracy of the instrument, this letter proposed an adjustment method of ZiYuan-3 (ZY-3) satellite imagery by integrating GF-7 laser altimetry data. The laser control points (LCPs) were automatically extracted according to the registration of the footprint images and stereo images. Furthermore, the combined adjustment was performed with the LCPs as the vertical control and horizontal constraint. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated by using 417 stereo scenes of ZY-3 images and 954 LCPs, covering an area of 158 000 km2 in Shandong, China. The results demonstrated that, only by using all LCPs as the vertical control, the root mean square error (RMSE) of elevation can be significantly improved from the original 8.82 to 1.40 m. Moreover, the planimetric RMSE decreased from the original 15.31 to 3.58 m with residual randomness when 45 LCPs were used as the horizontal constraint. Our method provides an alternative solution for satellite imagery geopositioning improvement without GCPs.