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Application of Geographic Information Systems for Real Estate Valuation Support

SUMMARY The land and mortgage registers, the cadastre of real estate, the records of the utility networks and spatial development plans – the most important databases of National Geographic Information System (GIS) in Poland – are basic information sources used for valuation of real estates. But unfortunately, these databases are distracted, they are managed by many different institutions and the access to them is often troublesome. It would be useful to collect all the necessary data in the form of one suitable database, containing information describing every real estate. The use of relational database technology for spatial data storage makes possible the application of modern object oriented methods for such database design. The analysis of the National GIS databases detailed subject range proved, that they do not contain the complete set of the required information to make the valuation. Particularly the spatial attributes of real estate and relationships with other objects in the direct and further neighbourhood (utility networks, major roads, industrial plants) are essential. Most often such data are not recorded directly in the databases. The authors suggest the use of GIS data processing tools for calculation of additional real estate parameters, essential for valuation process. In particular, the buffering function, belonging to the canon of spatial analyses, which can determine the real estate distance to other objects, and functions from the domain of geographical networks analyses, making possible calculation of shortest paths, deserve the attention. The comparison of required and available data and the knowledge of GIS functionality allowed to present a proposed range of data, which can be directly transferred or generated with the help of GIS software.