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FREQUENCIES OF PREDICTED MIA ANTIGEN AMONG SOUTHERN THAI BLOOD DONORS

Background: The Mia antigen (MNS7) of the MNS blood group system is clinically important in Asian populations. Anti-Mia has been implicated in hemolytic transfusion reactions and hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn in Thai populations. However, data of this antigen frequency among southern Thais remains unknown. 
Objective: This study aimed to determine and predict Mia antigen frequencies among southern Thai blood donors and to estimate the risk of alloimmunization among Thais. 
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Altogether, 400 southern and 500 central Thai blood samples were genotyped for GYP(B-A-B) and GYP(A-B-A) MNS hybrids using polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primer (PCR-SSP). 
Results: Among them, 19 of 400 (4.45%), and 28 of 500 (9.33%) were positive with the set of GP. Hut, GP.HF, GP.Mur, GP.Hop, and GP.Bun. No GP.Vw phenotype was found among southern and central Thais. The predicted Mi(a+)frequency among southern Thais was significantly lower than among central and northern Thais (p<0.05). Its frequency was similar to Vietnamese, Taiwanese, and Southern Han Chinese populations (p>0.05) but significantly differed from Indonesian, Filipino, and Chinese (Guangzhou) populations (p<0.05). The risk of Mia alloimmunization among southern Thais was significantly lower than among both Thai groups (p<0.05). 
Conclusion: This constitutes the first study to report Mi(a+) frequencies among southern Thais, supporting the estimation risk of alloimmunization and providing transfusion safety among Thai populations.