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On the Experimental Determination of the Dilational Elasticity and the Exchange of Matter of Mixed Gelatin Surfactant Adsorption Layers

In coating processes of photographic emulsions containing gelatin onto a web several phenomena have been observed which diminish the quality of the film [1], According to investigations of other authors surface properties and not bulk properties are responsible for the disturbances under discussion [2]. From practical experiments follows that an improvement of the coating quality can be reached by adding surfactants to the gelatin solution. Thereby anionic and cationic surfactants show different effects. The present study is to lead to a better understanding of that complex problem. Experimental investigations were performed to determine the surface dilational elasticity and the exchange of matter of mixed gelatin/surfactant adsorption layers. A temperature of 313 Κ which corresponds to the coating conditions was used for comparison. The different kinds of gelatin used were commercial products from the factory of Calbe.