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Expression of a sonic hedgehog signal transducer, hedgehog‐interacting protein, by human basal cell carcinoma

Summary Background  Aberrant activation of the hedgehog pathway has been identified in various human tumours, including familial and sporadic basal cell carcinomas (BCCs). It has been postulated that binding of sonic hedgehog protein (SHH) to its receptor, patched protein (PTC), releases the inhibitory effect of PTC against smoothened protein (SMO), another protein of the SHH signalling pathway. The positive SMO signalling is not downregulated in BCCs because of the mutational inactivation of PTC. Recently, hedgehog‐interacting protein (HIP) was found to bind to SHH directly and attenuate SHH signalling like PTC, while its expression was induced by SHH signals.