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Butyrate Enhances MCT1 Association with CD147 via GPR109A Activation‐Dependent Mechanisms

Butyrate, a key short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA) produced by colonic luminal bacteria, serves as the primary fuel for the colonocytes and exerts multiple beneficial effects on gut epithelial health. Efficient intracellular absorption of butyrate is important for these effects. Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) plays a major role in intestinal butyrate absorption. Localization of MCT1 on the luminal membrane of colonocytes is critical for its optimal absorptive function. We have earlier shown substrate (butyrate)‐induced enhancement of butyrate absorption in human intestinal epithelial C2BBE cells. This enhancement was secondary to increased abundance of MCT1 protein on the apical plasma membrane following butyrate‐induced activation of GPR109A, a Gαi‐coupled receptor (GPCR), involving nutrient sensing mechanisms. Since membrane targeting of MCT1 has been shown to be governed by its interaction with CD147, an ancillary glycoprotein, current studies examined whether butyrate increases MCT1/CD147 interactions via GPR109A‐dependent mechanisms.