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The Strategy of Exclusion and the Problem of Artifacts

Chapter 5 develops the problem of exclusion with respect to artifacts. It seems clear that artifacts are teleologically organized. Biocentrists must find some way to distinguish the teleological organization of artifacts from that of organisms. The chapter argues that none of the attempts to distinguish artifacts from organisms succeed; they either fail to draw the relevant line between even simple artifacts and nonsentient organisms, or they are arbitrary, ad hoc, or question-begging. Many have seen such an implication as a reductio of biocentrism, but this is a mistake. The chapter explains why, even though biocentrism is false, it shouldn’t be dismissed simply because we must countenance artifact welfare.