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Mental Workload Evaluation of Virtual Object Manipulation on WebVR: An EEG Study

Virtual object manipulation as a key feature has been studied in virtual reality (VR) environments. Previous studies highlighted user experience on three basic types of virtual object manipulation, translation, rotation and scaling. However, prior literature mainly studied task performance in manipulation modes with different degrees of freedom (DoF), and few studies assessed user experience by evaluating the psychological response, such as mental workload on these three basic manipulation types in virtual environments. This paper compared manipulation modes with 1DoF and 3DoF to assess users’ mental workload as a critical indicator of user experience by electroencephalogram (EEG) measurement and questionnaires in manipulation tasks on the webpage with VR effects (also known as WebVR). By applying signal processing and statistical methods to analyze EEG data from ten subjects, the results demonstrated that the participants generally perceive less mental workload by 1DoF manipulation modes than 3DoF on WebVR. Besides, this study also found some different results between objective and subjective data.