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Rubella Vaccination and Congenital Rubella Syndrome in Japan

In 1977, a rubella mass vaccination programme was started in Japan for the prevention of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). The programme scheduled rubella vaccination to junior high schoolgirls. However, during the current 1987 nationwide epidemic in Japan, rubella broke out extensively, questioning the effect of this mass vaccination programme. Especially, the occurrence of rubella among pregnant women, leading to the threat of birth of CRS children in the coming years, has aroused the interest of society toward rubella in Japan. Although birth of CRS children during the extensive outbreaks of rubella expected to occur in the latter half of the 1990s may be minimized, under the present Japanese rubella vaccination policy, we believe that complete elimination of CRS in Japan will be difficult, unless further measures against rubella are taken.