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Oscillatory forced-convection-cooled compact SMA actuator

A reciprocating forced convection cooling concept for a high frequency hybrid shape memory alloy (SMA) actuator is introduced. The actuator combines resistive heating and reciprocating forced convection cooling. The main barrier to achieving high frequency actuation is the large cooling time of conventional steady unidirectional forced convection. Previous studies show that a reciprocating flow in a channel can be more effective in removing heat from the channel walls than the steady state unidirectional forced convection. Analysis of heat transfer from a SMA strip in steady unidirectional laminar forced convection and pulsating forced convection is undertaken in this study. A parametric study is conducted, with various values of parameters such as wall thickness to channel height ratio, Reynolds number, Prandtl number, fluid inlet temperature and oscillation frequency and amplitude of oscillation (in case of reciprocating flow), to identify the optimum operating conditions.