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Antibody assembly in lampreys

Antibodies
For B lymphocytes in jawless vertebrates to produce antibodies, a combination of gene cassettes must be stitched together to create a functional antibody gene. Circumstantial evidence based on gene expression data previously implicated the cytidine deaminase CDA2 in this process. Morimoto et al. used CRISPR-Cas9–mediated mutagenesis to show that loss-of-function mutations in the CDA2 gene result in the loss of antibody gene assembly without disrupting the formation of functional genes encoding lamprey T cell receptors. These methods establish lampreys as a genetically tractable model system.

Sci. Immunol. 5 , eaba0925 (2020).