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Anisotropy in Powder Compaction: Methods for Analysis and Testing

The issue of anisotropy in plastic flow of compacted metal powders is addressed using a combination of analytical and experimental methods. A yield function, based on the first two stress invariants and associative plastic flow, is modified for anisotropy by introducing coefficients on the stress terms. The test method uses die-compacted cylinders that are pressed into metal sleeves positioned inside a rigid die. When the sleeves and specimens are removed from the die, subsequent axial pressing causes pressure to be transmitted through the powder onto the inner surface of the sleeve. Yield of the sleeve sets the value of radial stress, and punch load sets the value of axial stress, at yield of the powder compact.