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Dental caries and depression in pregnant women: the role of oral health self-perception as mediator.

OBJECTIVE
This study investigated the role of oral health self-perception as mediator of association between dental caries and depression among pregnant women from the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort Study, Brazil.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Overall, 2,496 pregnant women participated of this oral health sub-study. Data related to demographic and socioeconomic conditions, lifetime and current depression and oral health self-perception were collected. Participants were also assessed for dental caries (DMF-T index). Depression was assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. For analysis, six outcomes related to dental caries experience were considered. Causal mediation analysis was performed using parametric regression models.


RESULTS
When it was assumed that all subjects had poor perception about oral health, it was observed that the presence of moderate/severe depressive signals and symptoms was higher in subjects with dental caries experience (OR 1.13; CI 95% 1.06-1.20), with severity of untreated dental caries (OR 2.08; CI 95% 1.16-3.78), untreated dental caries (OR 1.18; 95CI 1.07-1.29), tooth loss (OR 1.08; 95% CI 1.02-1.14), and filled tooth (OR 1.07; 95% CI 1.02-1.16).


CONCLUSIONS
Our findings show the effect of dental caries on depression is mediated by self-perception about oral health in pregnant women.