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Protective effects of probiotics on the cell membrane in different tissues of rats after treadmill exercise

BACKGROUND: Changes in the immune function of different tissues after long-time exhaustive exercise stress and probiotics intervention are still unclear. OBJECTIVE: To observe the morphological changes and cell membrane protective effects of different tissues and organs in rats after exhaustive exercise and probiotics intervention. METHODS: Forty Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly allocated into quiet control group, exercise control group, quiet administration group and exercise administration group. Rats in the exercise control and exercise administration groups underwent 6 weeks of exhaustive training, at a speed of 19.3 m/min, slope of 5 o , once daily, 6 days weekly. Rats in the quiet administration and exercise administration groups were given 10 7 CFU/mL probiotics via gavage, 10.0 mL/(kg•d). The histopathological changes were observed under light microscope and Na + /K + -ATPase, Ca 2+ /Mg 2+ -ATPase and T-ATPase in the liver, intestine and stomach were tested after 6 weeks of training. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After exhaustive exercise, the liver, stomach and intestinal tissue presented with structure disorders, swelling and inflammatory cell infiltration and an decrease in the activity of Na + /K + -ATPase, Ca 2+ /Mg 2+ -ATPase and T-ATPase. After probiotic solution administrated, the structure of liver, stomach and intestine arranged closely and clearly, with no obvious congestion and edema. However, there were a few inflammatory cells and slight ulcers, and the activities of Na + /K + -ATPase, Ca 2+ /Mg 2+ -ATPase and T-ATPase were increased. These findings show that probiotic solution can protect the liver, stomach and intestinal tissue from injury caused by long-time exhaustive exercise, and maintain the integrity and fluidity of cell membrane by increasing Na + /K + -ATPase, Ca 2+ /Mg 2+ -ATPase and T-ATPase activities. Subject headings: Problotics; Sports Medicine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Tissue Engineering Funding: the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 21562006 and 31060121; the “Teacher Growth” Project of China Education Development Foundation, No. EDF2016005; the Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 2018KY0090; the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of China, No. CMEMR2012-B04