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Biological features of pigs of different productivity types in early ontogenesis

The morphogenetic period is the most important period of ontogenesis, the period of the highest activity of genes that provide the fundamental foundation and development of the main systems of the body. Breeding changes always begin with genetic changes that change the course of development and are realized in the phenotype. Thus, at the level of the phenotype selection plays an important role. The path from gene to trait is a major problem in developmental biology. The study was carried out on fetuses, embryos and newborn piglets of large white, Landrace and Mirgorod breed. The animal organism is an integral structure, where all organs, systems and tissues are interdependent and interconnected. Correlations preserve the organism as an integral structure. The study of biological patterns of development is of great practical importance in pig breeding. Their knowledge allows not only to improve existing breeds, breed types, but also allows to create new breeds and manage productivity. The directed development of the organism is influenced by the controlling factors of heredity in interaction with the environment. The intensity of metabolism is associated with its development and the formation of productive qualities. The type of animal can be the main factor in the assessment that determines the productivity of the animal. The type of animal includes its general appearance by which the productivity of the animal is determined. Meat, greasy and versatile types can be clearly distinguished. The main indicators that characterize the features of the morphogenetic period of ontogenesis are the following: live weight, height, development of the physique, internal organs, skeleton and muscle tissue. The role of blood in the body is very diverse. The main indicators for studying the properties of blood, its total amount, composition (the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes, the content of hemoglobin, protein, its fractions) are also relevant. In fetuses of Landrace and Large White breeds, along with high fertility, a greater number of blood cells and a high concentration of protein in the plasma of blood elements were revealed in comparison with fetuses and newborns of Mirgorod breed.