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Lower circulating insulin-like growth factor I and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels in preeclampsia.

OBJECTIVE
To assess whether the circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) are lower in preeclamptic than in normotensive pregnant women and whether serum concentrations of IGF-I are associated with those of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25-(OH)2D).


STUDY DESIGN
The study was cross-sectional and was done at 26.7 to 39.7 weeks of pregnancy. The results obtained from preeclamptic women were compared with those obtained from normotensive pregnant women with the same gestational age (control group).


SETTING
All the volunteers were patients attending the General Hospital of Mexico City and all laboratory measurements were done at the National Institute of Nutrition Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City.


SUBJECTS
The study included 26 preeclamptic women and 26 normotensive pregnant women. All participated voluntarily and signed an informed consent.


PROCEDURE
The following measurements were done: serum concentrations of IGF-I, 1,25-(OH)2D, intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), inorganic phosphorus, creatinine, and total and ionic calcium and magnesium. Also urinary calcium and creatinine clearance were measured and dietary and anthropometric data were obtained. All determinations were done blindly. Comparisons between groups were done using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Associations between variables were tested using the Spearman rank correlation and stepwise regression.


RESULTS
Serum IGF-I levels were 26.1 +/- 10.2 nmol/L (mean +/- SD) in the preeclamptic group and 40.9 +/- 14.3 in the normotensive group (p = 0.0003); serum 1,25-(OH)2D levels were 43.6 +/- 8.2 pg/mL in the preeclamptic group and 52.1 +/- 10.2 in the normotensive group (p = 0.005). Serum intact PTH was similar in both groups. Serum levels of IGF-I, 1,25-(OH)2D, and intact PTH correlated significantly in the control group. In the preeclamptic group correlation was found only between IGF-I and 1,25-(OH)2D.


CONCLUSIONS
Our study brings out two interesting observations. First, that serum IGF-I levels were significantly lower in preeclamptic than in control pregnant women; and second, the existence of a significant correlation between serum IGF-I and 1,25-(OH)2D concentrations in both preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women.