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Decontamination of chlorate in longan plantation soils by bio-stimulation with sugar amendment

Abstract Potassium chlorate is widely used as an active substance for flower induction in Iongan plantation fields for off-season production of fruits in northern Thailand. Persistence of chlorate in soil collected from Iongan plantation field soil, and decontamination of residual chlorate in soil were examined by conducting a laboratory soil incubation study. Under upland soil conditions, chlorate applied to soil at the concentration of 34 mg kg−1 soil became gradually decomposed with time, while chlorate applied at the concentration of 341 mg kg−1 soil persisted in soil for a long period of time. Increase in the soil moisture content up to 100% of maximum water-holding capacity was ineffective for accelerating the decomposition of chlorate. Flooded soil conditions were effective for rapid decomposition of chlorate. Even under upland soil conditions, the addition of glucose or sucrose at the concentration of 10 g carbon kg−1 soil to soil was strikingly effective for accelerating the decomposition: with the amendment, chlorate applied at the concentration of 341 mg kg−1 soil became decomposed almost completely within 4 weeks of incubation. These results may contribute to the development of remediation practices for chlorate-polluted soils in longan plantation fields.