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Rational design of nano-Fe3O4 encapsulated in 3D honeycomb biochar for enhanced lithium storage performance

Developing green materials applied in lithium-ion batteries is of significant importance for the present-day society. Herein, a feasible strategy to construct Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in three-dimensional (3D) honeycomb biochar derived from pleurotus eryngii was proposed. The obtained material consists of Fe3O4 NPs (35–85 nm) encapsulated in 3D honeycomb biochar possesses a high specific capacity of 723 mAh g−1 at 1.5 A g−1 after 1000 cycles. The effectively enhanced cycling life of Fe3O4@C nanocomposites can be ascribed to the small Fe3O4 NPs provide lower degree of cracking and high specific capacity, while the honeycomb biochar function like a cage to inhibit huge volume change of Fe3O4 NPs during the charge–discharge process.