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Genistein inhibits adipogenesis and increases lipolysis in primary human adipocytes

Genistein, a major soy isoflavone, has been reported to exhibit anti‐adipogenic, anti‐proliferative and apoptotic potential in rodent adipocytes and cancer cells. In this study, genistein (G) was tested to determine its effects on adipogenesis, lipolysis and cell viability in primary human adipocytes. 6.25 uM or 12.5 uM G was added to preadipocytes during the maturation period (14 days). Lipid accumulation and cell viability were measured by AdipoRedTM assay and CellTiter‐Blue® Cell Viability Assay. 6.25 uM and 12.5 uM G decreased lipid accumulation by 18.8±1.1 (p<0.01) and 47.9±1.5% (p<0.01). This effect was confirmed with Oil Red O staining. 6.25 uM G had no effect on viability, but 12.5 uM G reduced viability 9.6±1.9% (p<0.01). In lipid filled adipocytes, lipolytic activity was determined by measuring free glycerol levels in the medium. 25 uM and 50 uM G increased lipolysis 105.2±13.7% (p<0.01) and 240.1±34.7% (p<0.01) after 3 hrs treatment. In lipid filled adipocytes, 50 uM and 100 uM G decreased viability dose‐dependently. After 3‐day and 5‐day treatment, 50 uM G decreased viability 6.0±1.4% and 21.9±2.3% (p<0.01), and 100 uM G decreased viability 20.3±1.1% (p<0.01) and 44.3±1.2% (p<0.01). These results indicate that genistein can alter fat mass by decreasing adipogenesis and viability and increasing lipolysis in human adipocytes, and thus may have applications in the treatment of obesity.