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Practical IP watermarking and fingerprinting methods for ASIC designs

With the rapidly increased integrated circuits (ICs) design complexity and the adoption of third party intellectual property (IP) blocks for use and reuse, concerns on potential IP infringements that violate the legal rights of both IP owners and consumers were raised more than 20 years ago. Digital watermarking and fingerprinting methods have been developed for the purpose of protecting IPs. In this paper, we survey the available watermarking and fingerprinting schemes with high practical values in order to facilitate their industrial adoption.