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Trade Rules and Climate Change Policy : Some issues of synergy and conflict

Synergies and conflicts between climate change mitigation measures and trade policy and rules may result from: (a) competitiveness losses and/or gains, (b) potential discriminatory aspects of climate change measures which breach the fundamentals of WTO rules, (c) the creation of new types of trade barriers, but also of trade opportunities, and (d) the context in which climate change and trade policies interact. Once measures are implemented to meet the Kyoto Protocol commitments, friction could arise with an evolving multilateral trading system which is committed to overcome protectionism.