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Nucleotide sequences of new members (H3-IV and H3-V) of the chicken H3 histone-encoding gene family.

The chicken H3 gene family consists of nine highly homologous members (H3-I to H3-IX), which fall into two major histone gene clusters (1, 2). Of the nine genes, only the three (H3-I, H3-ll and H3-Ill) have been sequenced (3, 4). To understand how expression of each H3 gene is regulated, it is essential to know the complete nucleotide sequences including the 5'-flanking and 3'-flanking regions of all of the genes. Here we report the nucleotide sequences of H3-IV (EMBL accession no. X62291) and H3-V (EMBL accession no. X62292), which belong to the major histone gene cluster containing H3-I (3) but not to another gene cluster containing H3-ll and H3-Ifl (4). The new members are located in inverted orientations and share 531 bp 3' non-translated flanking region. The coding regions of H3-IV and H3-V, like those of the three previously sequenced H3 genes (3, 4), are 408 bp long and code for a protein composed of 136 amino acids including a putative initiation Met. These five H3 genes all code for the same amino acid sequence, whereas they differ in coding sequence by 2 to 7 bp each. To clarify whether the chicken H3 subfamily, like the human subfamily carrying three H3 protein variants consists of several different protein variants or not, the nucleotide sequences of the remaining H3 genes must be characterized.