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The alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptor involvement in the central cardiovascular action of clonidine in the conscious renal hypertensive cat.

An attempt has been made to characterise the alpha-adrenoceptor subtype (alpha 1 or alpha 2) mediating the hypotensive and bradycardic action of clonidine in conscious renal hypertensive cats. The relatively selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists clonidine, UK-14,304, guanfacine and lofexidine caused significant hypotension and bradycardia when given intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.). This suggests that alpha 2-adrenoceptors can mediate hypotension and bradycardia. However, both alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonists, prazosin, UK-33,274, corynanthine, yohimbine, rauwolscine and RS21361 blocked the hypotensive effect of clonidine. These results suggest an alpha 1-adrenoceptor may also mediate the central hypotensive action of clonidine, or possibly that the central alpha-adrenoceptors in which clonidine acts, may show pharmacological differences to peripheral alpha 1- and alpha 2-subtypes.