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Correction: Comparison of Breast Cancer to Healthy Control Tissue Discovers Novel Markers with Potential for Prognosis and Early Detection

This study was initiated to identify biomarkers with potential value for the early detection of poor-outcome breast cancer. Two sets of well-characterized tissues were utilized: one from breast cancer patients with favorable vs. poor outcome and the other from healthy women undergoing reduction mammaplasty. Over 46 differentially expressed genes were identified from a large list of potential targets by a) mining publicly available expression data (identifying 134 genes for quantitative PCR) and b) utilizing a commercial PCR array. Three genes show elevated expression in cancers with poor outcome and low expression in all other tissues, warranting further investigation as potential blood markers for early detection of cancers with poor outcome. Twelve genes showed lower expression in cancers with poor outcome than in cancers with favorable outcome but no differential expression between aggressive cancers and most healthy controls. These genes are more likely to be useful as prognostic tissue markers than as serum markers for early detection of aggressive disease. As a secondary finding was that, when histologically normal breast tissue was removed from a distant site in a breast with cancer, 7 of 38 specimens displayed a cancer-like expression profile, while the remaining 31 were genetically similar to the reduction mammaplasty control group. This finding suggests that some regions of ipsilateral histologically ‘normal’ breast tissue are predisposed to becoming malignant and that normal-appearing tissue with malignant signature might warrant treatment to prevent new primary tumors. Citation: Schummer M, Green A, Beatty JD, Karlan BY, Karlan S, et al. (2010) Comparison of Breast Cancer to Healthy Control Tissue Discovers Novel Markers with Potential for Prognosis and Early Detection. PLoS ONE 5(2): e9122. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009122 Editor: Kerstin Borgmann, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany Received October 24, 2009; Accepted January 15, 2010; Published February 9, 2010 Copyright: 2010 Schummer et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: Work was supported by Department of Defense’s Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs’ DAMD 17-02-1-0691 and by NCI/Avon Grant P50 CA083636. Sean Thornton in employed by Cellnetix. The funders, including Cellnetix, had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: Dr. Sean Thornton is participating in this research without monetary remuneration. The specimens from which the sample tissues are collectd are those for which his company, Cellnetix, is contracted indirectly to Swedish Medical Center to evaluate for clinical (medical) reasons for direct patient treatment. His company is paid for their usual patient care roles through normal (i.e., insurance and other payer) channels. No funding of the research comes from Cellnetix, Swedish Hospital or from private persons. His only compensation was through his usual and customary salary at Cellnetix. Cellnetix has no competing products, is not engaged in product development, or patenting any technology relating to this research. This does therefore not alter the author’s adherence to all the PLoS policies on sharing data and materials. * E-mail: mschumme@fhcrc.org