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Perceptions Regarding Physical Function Limitations Among Midlife And Older Adults In A Health Ministry Program

Limitations in physical function lead to decreased quality of life and are predictive of disability, hospitalizations, and mortality. We previously assessed physical function as part of a healthscreening program with African American churches in Chicago‘s West Side. Screenings revealed high rates of functional limitations among midlife and older adults. PURPOSE: To inform the development of a church-based intervention that aims to improve physical function. METHODS: We conducted 6 focus groups with a total of 40 participants age 40+ from our partner churches and communities who reported difficulty with physical function. Focus groups were audio recorded and transcribed. Qualitative data analysis software was used to analyze the data and generate themes and sub-themes. RESULTS: Participants (mean age 64.4 ± 11.0 years, range 42-92 years, 88% female) described that physical function limitations negatively impacted their ability to live a full life and play an active role in their family, church, and community. Faith and prayer helped participants cope with limitations and pain. Participants expressed that it is important to keep moving, both from an emotional (not giving up) and physical (moving to prevent more limitations) standpoint. Some participants shared positive experiences making home modifications to adapt to limitations (like installing grab-bars), however, a prevailing opinion was that using mobility aids—especially canes or walkers—leads to further functional decline. An additional emerging theme was the desire to learn how to move better; for example, how to safely navigate stairs or strengthen muscles to facilitate daily activities. Participants expressed frustration that their communities were not conducive to physical activity (particularly in regards to safety and lack of facilities for physical activity), but generally welcomed programs in the church focused on physical function and activity. CONCLUSIONS: Community-based programs focusing on reducing physical function limitations are needed, and delivering programs through the church is a potentially acceptable strategy. Along with using physical activity to promote physical function, integrating concepts from physical and occupational therapy could also be beneficial.