{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.01934398654331371, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 5.296296296296297, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Indoor mapping using planes extracted from noisy RGB-D sensors

This paper presents a fast and robust plane feature extraction and matching technique for RGB-D type sensors. We propose three algorithm components required to utilize the plane features in an online Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) problem: fast plane extraction, frame-to-frame constraint estimation, and plane merging. For the fast plane extraction, we estimate local surface normals and curvatures by a simple spherical model and then segment points using a modified flood fill algorithm. In plane parameter estimation, we suggest a new uncertainty estimation method which is robust against the measurement bias, and also introduce a fast boundary modeling method. We associate the plane features based on both the parameters and the spatial coverage, and estimate the stable constraints by the cost function with a regulation term. Also, our plane merging technique provides a way of generating local maps that are useful for estimating loop closure constraints. We have performed real-world experiments at our lab environment. The results demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of the proposed algorithm.