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Seed Fortification Using Biofertilizers and Non-Biological Agents

Seed germination and vigor is a quality having detrimental effects on the crop and its economic traits, a significant factor to make agriculture sustainable and economical. Seed enhancements including fortification and coatings all aimed to protect and improve germination and initial growth from pathogens, adverse abiotic factors, and nutritional deficiencies. It is well established that rhizosphere microflora plays a prominent role in influencing plant growth. If this is altered or modified using beneficial microbial agents and/or adjuvants the seed germination and subsequent growth and yield are protected and enhanced. The seed enhancement with biofertilizers ranging from bacteria, fungi, algae, and/or their extracts/metabolites is advantageous from an environmental and financial point of view. Thus, in this current review, we present different methods and agents employed for seed enhancement and current trends.