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Suspended sediment concentrations estimate in highly turbid rivers: a field spectral survey

Construction projects such as dams on large international turbid rivers often attract wide attention due to their possible negative environmental impacts. However, accurate evaluation of environmental effects is often hindered by the lack of sediment measurements. This study aimed to investigate whether suspended sediment concentrations (SSCs) could be estimated from spectral measurements and this may provide critical instructional assistance for estimating SSC directly from remote-sensing data. Although high SSC values are common in large Asian rivers, they have not been involved in any previous studies yet. Hence, this study investigated the spectral signature of highly turbid waters through a field spectral survey along two international rivers in Southeast Asia. Subsequently, SSC was correlated with measured spectral data, and optimal spectral SSC indicators that could provide relatively accurate SSC estimates in turbid waters were identified.