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Automating commonsense reasoning using the event calculus

Commonsense reasoning is the human ability to make inferences about properties and events in the everyday world. The automation of commonsense reasoning, long a goal of the field of artificial intelligence [3] and an area of active research in the last decade [8], is attaining a level of maturity. Automating commonsense reasoning allows us to build applications that are more user-friendly and more understanding of the world [2]. Several major computational approaches to commonsense reasoning have been explored. Analogical processing implements the notion that people reason about novel situations by analogy to familiar ones. Probability theory allows us to reason given uncertain knowledge of the state of the world and how the world works. Qualitative reasoning focuses on reasoning about physical systems. Methods based on natural language make use of large textual corpora of commonsense knowledge. Society of mind approaches stress the use of multiple interacting methods and representations. One approach that has achieved a high degree of success because of its steadfast focus on hard benchmark problems of commonsense reasoning, is logic. One logic-based formalism that stands out as both comprehensive and easy to use is the event calculus [4, 9].