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Fruiting pattern of Tricholoma matsutake in Southern Finland

Commercial harvesting of matsutake in Finland has driven the need to understand how fruiting is affected by climate and habitat. A productive site in Finland was studied in this respect. Productivity, duration, and early onset of fruiting were examined in relation to mean air temperature, soil temperature, accumulated degree-days, and precipitation. We monitored the fruiting of matsutake and other macrofungi during 2008–2013. As a pilot study, our results showed the timing and yield of the annual fruiting of Tricholoma matsutake varies in Southern Finland and can occur from the middle of July to middle of September; although we did not find a clear and simple correlation between fruiting and rainfall, an average amount of precipitation (i.e. 90–110% of the long-term average precipitation) prior to the first fruiting was associated with high yield; we did not identify any threshold soil temperature associated with the onset of fruiting, however, we found that soil temperature might provide a means to monitor the end of the matsutake fruiting period, and late onset or higher soil temperatures prior to the first fruiting were associated with shorter fruiting periods. These results can be further utilized for developing a model to predict the yield of T. matsutake in Nordic regions.