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[Results of a serologic study after vaccination against serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis in children].

BACKGROUND
An increase in the incidence of meningococcal disease in the Region of Murcia, Spain, during the 1996/97 season led the General Directorate for Health to carry out a Vaccination Campaign against the serogroup C meningococcus in September-October 1997. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the percentage of children under 5 years of age who revealed post-vaccinal seroconversion one month following vaccination, and the percentage who retained immunity after one year.


METHOD
The monitoring of 296 children between 18 and 59 months of age. The serological determinations were performed prior to vaccination, one month following vaccination and after one year. The antibody titres were determined according to a "bactericidal test" in the Center for Disease Control.


RESULTS
Of the 296 children studied, only 11 (3.7%) revealed bactericidal antibody titres prior to vaccination. After one month, of the children who did not show antibodies prior to vaccination, 167 (63.7%) seroconverted. A statistically significant linear tendency (p < 0.001) of increase in the percentage of seroconversion in relation to the vaccination age was observed. One year after vaccination, from among the children seroconverted one month following vaccination, only 6 (4.3%) revealed bactericidal antibodies.


CONCLUSION
The percentage of seroconversion in children under 5 years of age, following administration of the capsular polysaccharide C vaccine, was seen to clearly increase with the age of the subjects. The seroprotection acquired in vaccinated children declined quickly during the year following vaccination.