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Photophysical Properties of S, Se and Te-Substituted Deoxyguanosines: Insight into Their Ability To Act as Chemotherapeutic Agents

Guanine and guanosine derivatives have long been in use as anticancer drugs and recently have been proposed also as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy. By means of density functional theory and its time-dependent formulation, the potential power as UVA chemotherapeutic agents has been investigated computing the photophysical properties (absorption spectra, excitation energies, and spin-orbit matrix elements) of sulfur, selenium, and tellurium-substituted deoxyguanosines. Different pathways for the population of the lowest triplet state have been considered. Results show that all the examined systems have the lowest triplet state lying above the energy required for the production of the highly cytotoxic excited molecular oxygen 1Δg and that the heavy atom effect ensures an efficient intersystem spin crossing.