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Ultrasound of the Rheumatologic Diseases

Chapter 127 discusses US scanning for rheumatologic diseases. US is increasingly being used in patients with rheumatologic diseases for initial diagnostic evaluation and to objectively monitor disease course and treatment response. US findings of synovitis and erosive disease can help identify and monitor inflammatory arthritis, in particular rheumatoid arthritis (RA), with greater sensitivity and specificity than radiography. Evaluation of target joints for the different rheumatologic diseases helps expedite the examinations. US findings of enthesopathy may help differentiate psoriatic and reactive arthritis from RA. The US findings associated with gout and calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD) arthropathy can also help in differentiating these entities from other inflammatory arthritides.