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Atomic and Molecular Physics Problems in Fast Neutral Injection. I-II

The fast neutral injection method has proved to be a very efficient heating method either in open-ended configurations, or in toroidal configurations. Compared to other heating methods the fast neutral injection involves more technological difficulties, but less physical complexities. Furthermore these difficulties are met out of the plasma configuration and can be solved without stopping the confining machine. So it is quite natural in a paper devoted to fast neutral injection to divided it into two parts, the first part involves the production of the fast neutral beam, the second part involves the interaction of the neutrals with the plasma. But in these two parts, lots of atomic and molecular physics are needed and new phenomena can be currently discovered which will be emphasized in the second part of our paper. But we will first consider the formation of the neutral beam which involves considerations on ion sources, acceleration and neutralization systems. In the second paper we will consider more the plasma physics.