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ANTI-POLIOMIELITIS VACCINATION IN NEWBORNS

In order to evaluate the effectiveness of early antipoliomyelitis vaccination in newborns using an oral vaccine made from live attenuatted viruses (OPV) or an injectable vaccine from inactivated viruses (Tetravalent Tetracoq with components against polio, tetanus, diphteria and pertussis), 120 healthy newborns were immunized according to one of the following protocols: A- Tetracoq at birth and at 2 months of age, reinforced at 9 months; B- Tetracoq at 2nd 4 months, reinforced at 9 months; C- OPV at birth, at 2 and 4 months, reinforced at 9 months; D- 0PV at 2, 4 and 6 months.Blood samples were collected from the mother and from the cord at delivery and from the children 2 months after each vaccine dose, thus obtaining a sequential evaluation of immunity towards polio virus during the first year of life for each child. Antibodies for polyoviruses P1, P2 and P3 were quantitated by a neutralization technique. Our results show that both vaccines induce immune responses when administered to newborns. Circulating antibodies decrease at 9 months in the group that received Tetracoq at birth, but immunological memory persists. After completion of the vaccination schedule, protection for polioviruses 3 was significantly higher with the inactivated vaccine than with the oral attenuated-virus vaccine.