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COUNTERIMMUNELECTROPHORESIS IN HEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B EPIGLOTTITIS AND PERICARDITIS

Counterimmunelectrophoresis (CIE) was used to detect polyribophosphate (PRP), the capsular polysaccharide antigen of Hemophilus influenzae type b (H.flu.b), in sera of patients with H.flu.b epiglottitis and sera and pericardial fluids of patients with H.flu.b pericarditis.CIE was performed for 30 mins. at 30 milliamps using (NH4)2 SO4 precipitated rabbit antisera and Hyland agar gel plates. The sera of 7 patients with H.flu.b epiglottitis were tested prior to IV Ampicillin therapy. Immunoprecipitin bands became visible in 3 specimens after cooling for 30 mins. and in a fourth after cooling for 10 hrs. Three sera contained 5 ng of PRP per ml, while the fourth contained between 2.5 and 5 ng of PRP per ml, a quantity which represents the lower limits of sensitivity for this technique. The brief course of epiglottitis prior to therapy may explain the small amount of PRP produced.In contrast, pericardial fluids and sera of 3 patients with H.flu.b pericarditis were markedly positive. Two pericardial fluids were quantitated. The first contained 5.85×105ng of PRP per ml and the second contained 19×105 ng of PRP per ml. The pericardial sac may function as a depot for large amounts of antigen.