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Delay modulation with a glass chopper in pump-probe experiments.

A delay modulator, made of glass plates rotating in a pump beam, is applied to measure time-resolved rates of transient processes in a pump-probe experimental setup. Glass plates modulate both delay and beam power. The contribution from the power modulation is subtracted by using a scaled-down measurement made with metal chopper blades. Delay modulation results obtained with this procedure are consistent with the derivative in delay of the usual power modulation and can show a larger signal to noise ratio.