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Rao algorithm-based method for optimisation of steel frames using nonlinear inelastic analysis

Metaheuristic optimisation algorithms have been increasingly used because of their superior ability to find globally optimal solutions. Theoretically, these algorithms are very powerful and can be applied in all types of optimisation problems. However, in reality, their performance depends on the characteristics of each optimisation problem class. In addition, the complexity of an algorithm is an important factor affecting its application in specific design problems. In this paper, the Rao optimisation algorithm, one of the newest metaheuristic algorithms, is presented for the optimisation algorithm of steel frame structures. The advantage of the Rao algorithm is that it is quite simple with few parameters, so engineers can easily apply it in daily design tasks. A nonlinear inelastic analysis is used to consider the nonlinear behaviors of the steel structure. A two-story space steel frame is studied. The results show that Rao-1 is more stable and converged more quickly but easily trapped in local solutions than Rao-2 and Rao-4. Rao-4 is more efficient in global search but its stability is less than other algorithms. Keywords:nonlinear inelastic analysis, optimisation, Rao algorithm, steel frame.