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Effects of Underwater Treadmill Training on Health-Related Fitness and Daily Caloric Expenditure in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: 1174 Board #353 May 31 2

PURPOSE: To document the influence of underwater treadmill training (UTT) on components of health-related fitness and daily energy expenditure in middle-aged adults with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: Using a randomized, controlled, single-blind, crossover design, 26 adults with type 2 diabetes (age = 58.3 ± 4.5 yrs; 16 females, 10 males) were randomly assigned to complete a 12-week control period followed by 12 weeks of UTT (Group 1: G1; n = 13) or 12 weeks of UTT (3d∙wk -1 ) followed by a 12-week period of no UTT (Group 2; G2; n = 13). During UTT, water height was maintained at 10 cm below the xiphoid process, walking speed was set to elicit a relative intensity of 40-50% of heart rate reserve (HRR) and gradually raised to 50-70% HRR by week 12, and the duration of walking sessions was increased from 30 to 60 minutes over the course of UTT. Primary outcome measures included cardiovascular fitness [resting heart rate (RHR), resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure (RSBP; RDBP), 6-min walk distance (6MWD)]; body composition [body mass (BM), body fat percentage (BF%), waist circumference (WC)]; leg strength [hamstring and quadriceps isokinetic peak torque at 30°∙sec -1 and 60°∙sec -