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Participant Observation of a Farmers-Herders community in Anguwar Jaba Keffi Nigeria

The case study examined how farmers and herders coexist peacefully in a rural community. Participant observation method was used to study Anguwar Jaba Community. The community is largely a farming community with pockets of herders living in surrounding hamlets. Several theories explain how individuals coexist within an environment. Amongst these theories are the Behavior setting theory and Sense of community theory. The study used a phronetic iterative approach and abductive reasoning in its analysis with emphasis on field notes by the researcher. The narratives were presented in the following categories: study site, observers’ position, establishing rapport, field data collection, the villagers and their religion, occupation of the people, village buildings, community organizing, inter marriages, market days, how the farmers and herders benefit each other, and a typical day in the village. It was found that possible reasons for peaceful coexistence is that both farmers and herders understand their roles and responsibilities, they also understand each other’s limits on land use in the community. The findings suggest that allowing the herders to own lands at the outskirts of the village is a major incentive to peaceful coexistence. There is clear leadership structure in the village, both farmers and herders work together to ensure security in the village. Grievances are reported and addressed timely.