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Adolescence and youth: A time of responsibility and transformation

This chapter focuses on adolescence and youth, which is increasingly accepted as a particularly sensitive phase of human development, characterised by significant changes in the brain and body. Much is made of the heightened brain plasticity and emotional responsiveness during this period, wherein learning and adaptation are accelerated. This is the primary rationale for viewing adolescence as a second critical window for policy interventions to build on investments in early life and boost later chances. Indeed, there has been considerable policy momentum around adolescent sexual and reproductive health, community engagement, and labour market readiness. Adolescents are also touched by many of the Sustainable Development Goals, particularly SDG 4 on quality education and SDG 8 on decent work and economic growth.