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Synthesis and swelling behaviours of APT-g-PAMPS superabsorbent composites by microwave irradiation

Abstract Novel high salt superabsorbent composites were synthesised through free radical graft polymerisation of partially neutralised 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonic acid onto attapulgite (APT) in aqueous solution using microwave irradiation. The potassium persulphate and N,N-methylene-bis-acrylamide were used as initiator and cross-linking agent respectively. The structure of the composites was characterised by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The effect of microwave power and APT amount on water absorbency of the superabsorbent composites was investigated. The mechanism for synthesis of the superabsorbent composites was proposed. Results show that the graft copolymerisation takes place between the APT and organic monomers. The addition of an appropriate amount of APT in the composites can effectively improve the water absorbency and salt water performance of the superabsorbent composites. The water absorbency of the superabsorbent composites decreases with increasing concentration of various external saline solutions, and has the following tendency in different metal ions saline solutions: NaCl>CaCl2>FeCl3.