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Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) Protocol: Simulation and Analysis using MATLAB

In the modern world of science and technology, Wireless sensor network (WSN) is growing as one of the most impactful and useful technology for sending and receiving the information. WSN is rapidly expanding its wings in almost every field like medical, Industries, environment tracking etc. In WSN, numerous mini sensor nodes are distributed in the area to gather relevant information. These nodes are capable of sensing and observing the surrounding events like temperature, sound, pressure, motion, humidity etc. The sensor node performs different data operations like sensing, processing, reception and transmission using energy from its battery. Due to the tiny size of node, mini battery has very less power. Hence it is very important to use this scarce resource efficiently to enhance the life period of the network. In this direction, Low Energy Adaptive clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) routing protocol has been developed. In this protocol, every node becomes cluster head (CH). This random selection of CHs makes it energy saving protocol. In the given paper, the process of LEACH is tested with MATLAB simulation and the results are studied to yield future directions.