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[Clinical results of the use of new bioengineering technologies (endothelial precursor cell-capturing stents) in the treatment of coronary heart disease].

OBJECTIVE
to study the long-term results of the use of precursor cell-capturing stents (bioengineering stents) and to analyze the factors influencing late prognosis.


SUBJECTS AND METHODS
The study included 447 coronary heart disease patients with primary atherosclerotic lesion in the coronary bed, damage to aortocoronary shunts, and restenosis of a previously implanted stent. The clinical and morphological risk factors for stent restenosis and late stent thrombosis were analyzed during a 2-year follow-up.


RESULTS
In the first year of the follow-up, there were no fatal outcomes, evolving myocardial infarction was observed in 2.6% of cases; recurrent angina pectoris was noted in 10.7%. No late stent thromboses were identified; the incidence of stent restenosis was 8.3%. The risk of restenosis was significantly increased after interventions on arteries less than 2.75 mm in diameter and extended lesions. During the 2-year follow-up, 2 (0.4%) patients died; 14 (1.4%) patients experienced transmural myocardial infarction; 35 (3.3%) patients had non-Q wave myocardial infarction. Forty-four (9.8%) and 15 (1.5%) patients underwent repeated endovascular revascularization and coronary artery bypass grafting, respectively. Late stent thromboses were absent; the incidence of restenosis was 11.7%.


CONCLUSION
Within the 2-year follow-up after implantation of bioengineering stents, recurrent angina was seen in 14.8% of the patients, which required repeated endovascular interventions in 9.8% of cases and coronary artery bypass surgery in 1.5% of cases. The incidence of bioengineering stent restenosis was 11.7%; no late thrombotic events were found. The risk factors for bioengineering stent restenosis were extended lesions and small-diameter vessel interventions.