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Information Flow Modeling and Performance Evaluation of Communication Networks Serving Power Grids

A cyber-physical system (CPS) represents the coupling network between a communication network and a power grid. Information flow (IF) as the medium of communication networks has an important influence on the performance assessment of this type of coupling network. However, traditional IF models cannot be applied to CPS directly because they do not take CPS distinctive coupling effect and associated operational mechanism into account. In this paper, we propose an information flow model (IFM) based on graph theory and traffic dynamics considering the functional architecture and transmission mode in realistic CPS to bridge the gap mentioned above. In the IFM, congestion rate and loss rate are employed to assess the performance of communication networks serving power grids under different transmission strengths and modes. Moreover, an auxiliary model about CPS topology is constructed, which can generate more realistic CPS topology. Case studies on an IEEE 39-bus system reveal the transmission performance of CPS in detail. The IFM is exploited to detect critical nodes and compare the effects of node enhancement on IF transmission of networks. In addition, IFM is also applied to compare the transmission performances of six network topologies, including three basic complex networks and three community-based networks. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model, and some suggestions are provided on performance improvement of IF transmission for CPS.