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Pharmacological Effects of Aqueous Extract of the Chrysanthellum indicum on Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscles

ABSTRACT Aqueous extract of Chrysanthellum indicum DC. (subsp. Afroamericanum B.L. Turner) produced a concentration dependent contraction of the rabbit jejunum, guinea pig ileum, and rat duodenum. The contraction evoked by the extract was not attenuated by mepyramine and pirenzepine, but was abolished by atropine. These actions suggest the presence of biologically active substances in the extract with action mediated through muscarinic receptors. Intraperitoneal LD50 of the extract in mice was 282.2 ± 5.2 mg/kg and preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of glycosides, flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids in the extract.