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New Model for Hereditary Breast Cancer

Researchers now have an important new clue about how breast cancer develops, at least in women who have mutations in
 BRCA1 , one of two genes linked to the 5% or so of the cases that are hereditary. In a paper in the May issue of
 Nature Genetics , researchers report that they have inactivated, or knocked out, the
 BRCA1 gene in mice exclusively in the cells where breast cancer normally originates--the epithelial cells lining the milk ducts. In contrast to previous
 BRCA1 knockouts, some of these animals developed breast tumors. The researchers also found that breast cells lacking an active
 BRCA1 gene are prone to accumulating additional genetic defects that might be crucial contributors to cancer development. Such an animal model will be invaluable for understanding the role of
 BRCA1 in familial breast cancer, researchers say.