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Auto tracking DC/DC converter for adaptive LED driving system

Conventional lamps plug directly in AC power; however, LED lighting systems require drivers with diverse specifications, which increases design complexity and manufacturing costs. This study developed a universal architecture for driving multi-power LED panels with the ability to automatically track the output voltage. Continuous monitoring of the LED level also makes it possible to use buck conversion to automatically generate the optimal voltage for multiple LED panels in series. An FPGA controller is used to monitor the voltage of the LED string and compute the ideal PWM duty cycle for the voltage converter, based on a finite-state machine. LED dimming is realized using digital as well as analog approaches by reducing the current rather than using PWM method in order to prolong the lifespan of the LEDs. This system can be used to drive universal LED panels under various current and voltages without the need for any adjustment. Experimental results demonstrate the ability of the auto-tracking system to determine the optimal lighting level according to the number of LEDs in a string, even in cases where the voltage drifts as a result of process deviation or aging.