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Magnetic-field-induced two-dimensional electron lattice with a conjugate flux lattice

Abstract We propose a new type of electron crystal in two-dimensional (2D) electron systems in the presence of a strong magnetic field. The energy spectrum of the electron lattice exhibits a series of energy minima at certain magnetic fields. For magnetic fields in the vicinity of an energy minimum, the magnetic flux is quantized with the flux lines forming a flux lattice intersecting the electron lattice. Universal mapping of the proposed 2D electron lattice to the observed quantum Hall effect will be discussed.