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MEMBRANE METABOLITES OF ARTHRONEMA AFRICANUM STRAINS FROM EXTREME HABITATS

Two strains of scarcely studied Arthronema africanum (Cyanoprokaryota), originating from two desert habitats in Kuwait and Kathmandu (Nepal) were investigated. Both algae possess good adaptability and grow in a wide range of temperatures and light intensities. The lethal temperature for the Kuwait strain was 50 ± 1 oN while the one of Nepal origin died at 47 ± 1 oN. The content of phycobiliproteins enhanced at low light intensity while the content of chlorophyll and carotenoids increased at higher light intensity. Fatty acids of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, sulphoquinovosyldiacylglycerol, and phosphatidylglycerol as well as total lipids were analyzed. Percentage of linolenic acid decreased from 33 % at 16 oC to 0.5 % at 46 oC. In comparison to other algae and higher plants, Arthronema behavior represented a clearly expressed physiological response to temperature changes. Constantly high percentage of palmitoleic acid contributed to the endurance of the alga at stress temperature variations.