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Geometric calibration of detectors with discrete irregularities for computed tomography

For accurate CT reconstruction, it is important to know the geometric position of every detector channel relative to the X-ray source and the rotation axis. Often, such as for truly equally spaced detectors, it may suffice just to accurately know the gross geometry. However, for some detector designs, a detailed description of the fine-scale channel locations may also be necessary. While there are numerous methods to perform fine-scale calibration, such methods generally assume a continuous distortion (typically for image intensifiers) and are thus unsuitable for detectors with discrete distortions such as irregularly placed discrete sensors, tiled flat panels, or multiple flat segments arranged to form a polygonal approximation to an arc. In this paper, a method is proposed to measure both gross and fine geometry from a single simple calibration scan in a way that properly characterizes discrete irregularities. Experimental results show the proposed method to be rather effective on polygonal arrays. While the method is derived and demonstrated for fan beam, a discussion is given on extending it to cone beam CT.