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Dissociative Symptoms in Schizophrenia: A Comparative Analysis of Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder and Healthy Controls

The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of dissociative symptoms in patients with a schizophrenic disorder. The pattern of dissociative experiences was examined in a group of patients with a diagnosis of the schizophrenia spectrum disorder (n = 26; mean age 27.9 years), and a group of patients with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (n = 26; mean age 24.0 years) was compared with normal controls of the general population (n = 1,056; mean age 18.7 years). The degree of self-reported dissociative symptoms was measured using the German version of the Dissociative Experiences Scales. The dissociation scores were significantly higher among patients with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder compared to the group of schizophrenic patients and to the control group. There was no difference in the degree of reported dissociative experiences between the group of schizophrenic patients and the normal volunteers. An analysis of the subdimensions (dissociative amnesia, absorption/imaginative involvement, depersonalization/derealization) of the scale revealed the same strong distinctions between the investigated groups. There was no evidence that dissociative symptoms reflect a specific vulnerability in young schizophrenic patients.