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ENERGY EFFICIENCY OPTIMIZATION OF LAST MILE SUPPLY SYSTEM WITH REVERSE LOGISTICS CONSIDERATION

Last mile supply system takes great importance in the designed supply chain management, especially in the big urban areas, where various goods delivery locations should be tackled. Transportation routes and vehicles play a critical share in the optimization of the energy spent in this system because it is considered a complicated case due to its high solutions possibilities. Also, part of these transport processes is considered reverse logistics, where the goods take the way back, starting from the customer. Using a metaheuristic optimization is usually a good way to increase operations efficiency and save time and energy, next to raising sustainability. Within this paper, the last mile supply system within urban areas focusing on the goods' delivery and collection tasks is presented. The model design is described, mathematical optimization modelling is detailed, and a case study to investigate the impact of using diesel and electric trucks on energy efficiency is solved. After an introduction and theoretical background that includes a brief literature review, the designed system and used methodology are described. The designed system incorporates cloud computing, real routes of vehicles, analysis of collected data, energy consumption optimization, and time windows. Also, a mathematical model is developed with the aim of optimizing the total energy consumption. Real thirty locations in Budapest in the VII district are described and used as a case study for finding the solutions of the optimized taken routes and energy consumption by the genetic algorithm for both diesel and electric trucks. In the end, the results are analyzed and compared against a random solution to clarify the presented optimization's effectiveness.