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Doppler ultrasound findings in female infertility

The vascular resistance in uterine (UA) and ovarian (OA) arteries has cyclic variation, which can be investigated by Doppler ultrasound. The resistance in UA is lowest during the midluteal period of the menstrual cycle. In in vitro fertilisation cycles, but also in spontaneous cycles, when a thawed embryo has been transferred, high vascular resistance in uterine arteries during the midluteal period has been associated with poor pregnancy rates. Ultrasound (US) can be used in the investigation of pelvic inflammatory disease; the US findings correlate well with the laparoscopic findings, but Doppler US has not been used in this connection. Doppler US is widely used in gynecology, but there are only few reproducibility studies of Doppler measurements.