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Mind the Protection (Policy) Gap: Trafficking and Labor Exploitation in Migrant Domestic Work in Belgium

ABSTRACT Belgian Anti-Trafficking in Human Beings (THB) policy has taken a broad definition of the crime of trafficking for labor exploitation, increasing law enforcement's possibilities. However, the framework of THB and labor exploitation in domestic work is not only defined by the anti-THB policy implementation but also by migration, labor, and care regimes applying to domestic work. The aim of this article is therefore to explore how these regimes interact with the anti-trafficking policy mechanism. The article will show using the Belgian case that the structural factors of workers’ vulnerability to exploitation and THB cannot be tackled with anti-THB measures alone.