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'Except When Night Falls': Together and Alone in Barthes's Comment vivre ensemble

This essay explores the relation between Living-Together (vivre ensemble) and Living-Alone (vivre seul) by analysing the overlap between two figures sketched out in Comment vivre ensemble: Autarky and Enclosure. Barthes's ambivalence towards enclosure and self-sufficiency—ideologically negative, existentially and neurotically positive—is traced backwards through a number of 1950s essays to his 1947 proto-mythology Esquisse d'une société sanatoriale (sketch of a sanatorial society). On the basis of Barthes's analysis there of the excessive socialization that serves to repress the reality of illness and death, I move forward again to his own autobiographical return to the sanatorium (as space and thematics) in Roland Barthes by Roland Barthes, in interviews and—via Thomas Mann's The Magic Mountain—in Comment vivre ensemble. Finally, some passages of The Magic Mountain are read through Barthes's figures Enclosure and Cause.