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Fundamental characteristic of reduction of energy consumption in water sterilization using nonthermal plasma

In recent years, plasma sterilization technologies have been studied and developed remarkably. Ozone (O3) is effective and its application is extended to water purification. In general, O3 is generated with nonthermal plasma (NTP) from oxygen (O2). In this process, an extra O2 gas cylinder or an O2 supplying device is needed. It takes running and energy costs. As an alternative method, air is used as a source gas. However, nitrogen oxide (NOx) is also generated in the process of plasma discharge. Because NOx is one of air pollutants, this method is not desirable. A method with low-energy cost and no emission of air pollutant is required. In view of this background, an energy-saving type of NTP sterilization system is proposed. The system utilizes electrolysis of water to produce oxygen and hydrogen. The oxygen is a source of ozone for sterilization, and the hydrogen is used for electric power generation in fuel cells. Fundamental understanding of ozone production is obtained, regarding energy-saving. On basis of the fundamental understanding, the NTP sterilization system is achieved. As a result, energy consumption in ozone production is reduced with a power recovery rate more than 10% and high efficient water sterilization is achieved.