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Changes in lung cancer incidence in South Asians in Leicester, 1990-2005.

BACKGROUND
A previous study showed that lung cancer incidence in Leicester's South Asian (SA) population had increased between 1990 and 1999. We expanded the original data set to determine if this increase had continued in recent years.


METHODS
All patients diagnosed with lung cancer in Leicester between 1990 and 2005 were identified. Ethnicity was assigned using Nam Pechan software, deprivation by Townsend score. Using Poisson regression, incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated to assess variations in incidence by ethnicity, deprivation and period of diagnosis.


RESULTS
Comparing patients diagnosed in 2000-2005 with those in 1990-1994, the risk of lung cancer increased in the SA men (IRR: 1.67 (95% CI: 0.99, 2.78)) whereas in the non-South Asian (NSA) men, it had fallen (IRR: 0.84 (95% CI: 0.76, 0.94)). Comparing patients diagnosed in 2000-2005 with those in 1995-1999 an increase continued in the SA men (IRR: 1.11 (95% CI: 0.71-1.74)). A significant rise was observed in the NSA women comparing those diagnosed from 2000-2005 to 1995-1999 (IRR: 1.16 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.33)).


CONCLUSION
Lung cancer is an important public health issue amongst SAs in Leicester and has increased significantly since the early 1990s, with rates sustained in the more recent years of 2000-2005. Changes in the rates of lung cancer in SA and NSA populations are likely to be due to changing smoking habits.