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Hearing by Eye: How Much Spatial Degradation can Be Tolerated?

In the McGurk effect (McGurk and MacDonald, 1976 Nature 264 746–748), illusory auditory perception is produced if the visual information from lip movements is discrepant from the auditory information from the voice. A study is reported of the tolerance of the effect to varying levels of spatial degradation (videotaped images of a speaker's face were quantised by a mosaic transform). The illusory effect systematically decreased with an increase in the coarseness of the spatial quantisation. However, even with the coarsest level (11.2 pixels/face) the illusion did not completely disappear. In addition, those participants who did not experience the illusion nevertheless showed the effects of auditory–visual interaction in their clarity ratings of the auditory stimulus. It is concluded that auditory – visual interaction in visible speech perception is based on relatively coarse-spatial-scale information.