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Design method on the stabilized zoom lens design of focal-length-variable elements

The theoretical method for analyzing the first-order optics of stabilized zoom lenses with two focal-length-variable elements is presented. The first and second derivatives and the Hessian matrix of the zoom equations with respect to the Gaussian parameters are determined to represent the sensitivity of the zoom ratio of the system to changes in the corresponding system variables. Four-group stabilized zoom lens designs with 2:1 and 5:1 zoom ratios are successfully investigated.