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EFFECTS OF LARGE-DROPLET ICE ACCRETION ON AIRFOIL AND WING AERODYNAMICS AND CONTROL.

Abstract : An integrated experimental and computational investigation was conducted to determine the effect of simulated ridge ice shapes on airfoil aerodynamics. These upper-surface shapes are representative of those which may form aft of protected surfaces in super-cooled large droplet conditions. The simulated ice shapes were experimentally tested on a modified National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) 23012 (23012m) airfoil and Natural Laminar Flow (NLF) 0414 airfoil at Reynolds numbers of 1.8 million for a range of protuberance locations, sizes, and shapes. The computational study investigated the cases encompassed by the experimental study but in addition included higher Reynolds numbers and other airfoils from the NASA Commuter Airfoil Program.