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To the Question of the Three System Theory: Culture and Psychology. American Anthropology Experience As Applied to Orthodox Culturology

The article raises the question of the relation between culture and psychology that used to be one of the key issues in American cultural anthropology. The tendency to view an individual as culture projection that was typical for the anthropology in the first half of the 20th century, did not find empirical confirmation. In the following years there appeared the “two system” theory within the framework of which the psychological and cultural phenomena exist as two independent sets. In the end of the 20th century there emerged again the tendency to overcome the barrier between culture and psychology. In the article the author analyzes the new attempts to establish the connection between the cultural and psychological issues in their interaction within the framework of the allied subjects, – psychological anthropology, cognitive anthropology and cultural psychology. The author suggests her own approach to the problem of culture and psychology based on the Orthodox doctrine of the composition of man.