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(−)Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate inhibits leukocyte elastase: potential of the phyto‐factor in hindering inflammation, emphysema, and invasion

Flavanol (−)epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate is shown to be a potent naturalinhibitor of leukocyte elastase that may be used to reduceelastase‐mediated progression to emphysema and tumor invasion. Thisphyto‐factor, abundant in green tea, exerts a dose‐dependent, noncompetitive inhibition of leukocyte elastase at a noncytotoxicconcentration and is effective in neutrophil culture. This inhibitionshows an IC50 of 0.4 μM, 30 times higher than theα1‐protease inhibitor but lower than other known natural andsynthetic elastase inhibitors. The flavanol inhibits leukocyte elastaseat concentrations of 50, 150, and 2500 times lower than that effectiveon gelatinases (MMP‐2 and MMP‐9), thrombin, and cathepsin G, respectively, and also blocks elastase‐mediated activation of MMP‐9.