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Glycosyl Hydrolases Producing Bacterial Endophytes from Perennial Grass Species (Neyraudia reynaudiana L.) for biomass deconstruction

Endophytes associated with C4 perennial grasses are a treasure trove of
biocatalysts, and have emerged as a viable option for biofuel production.
Studies were conducted to investigate the production of extracellular
cellulases and xylanases from newly isolated Bacillus tequilensis BT5 and
Alcaligenes faecalis B12 from perennial grass (Neyraudia reynaudiana L.).
The total cellulase activity (FPase) for B. tequilensis BT5 and A. faecalis B12
were recorded as 0.61 and 0.34 FPU.ml-1 at 28 h and 32 h, respectively.
Similarly, β-glucosidase, carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) and exoglucanase
activities of BT5 and B12 were 1.12 and 0.94 U.ml-1; 0.92 and 0.86 U.ml-1 ;
1.98 and 1.58 U.ml-1, respectively. Xylanase activities of 1.58 U.ml-1and 1.22
U.ml-1 at 28 h and 36 h for B. tequilensis BT5 and A. faecalis B12, respectively
were also recorded. Furthermore, the presence of cellulases and xylanases
genes was confirmed by PCR screening using the gene-specific primers. This
study revealed that the cellulases and xylanases from endophytic bacteria
from perennial grasses could serve as a natural reservoir for biomass
deconstruction and production of cellulose derived commodities.