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Bulgarian-Soviet scientific cooperation in the second half of the 20th century as a form of «national diplomacy» (Following the example of historical science)

In the research scientific cooperation is seen as a form of «popular diplomacy» to the extent that it allows, although in a narrower sphere, to influence a more specific audience for the promotion of certain national and state positions. Following the example of the relations between Bulgarian and Soviet historians and linguists, mainly in the so-called Macedonian question the author outlines the mechanisms and conditions for the implementation of «popular diplomacy». The research was written on the basis of Bulgarian archive documents, as well as on contemporary Bulgarian and Russian studies on politics and historiography on the issues under consideration. Scientific cooperation between historians and linguists on both sides is considered in the light of the BCP and Bulgaria policy on the Macedonian issue of 1944–1989 and the background of the development of Bulgarian nationalism in the 1960s and 1980s. The subject of the study is the activity of the Center for Bulgarian Studies (1969–1994) and the Commission of Historians from Bulgaria and the USSR (1968–1990). It is concluded that through these forms of «popular diplomacy», supported by both the highest Bulgarian and Soviet state and political and higher scientific institutions, the Bulgarian position on the Macedonian issue is promoted, but at the cost of cessation of the studies on the history of Macedonia in the USSR.