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Preparation of Pectin-Based Biosorbents for Cadmium and Lead Ions Removal

The optimal formation conditions of pectin-based, as well as new hybrid pectin-guar gum, biosorbents were found. The lead affinity for obtained biosorbents was very strong even in solution of pH = 1, in opposite to cadmium, which was adsorbed from solutions of pH ≥ 2. The sorption capacities in the studied conditions were about 0.6 and 0.8 mmol/g for cadmium and lead, respectively. The cadmium removal could be fast and it is almost quantitatively desorbed using 0.25 M HNO3, while desorption of lead required 1 M HNO3 to achieve a removal efficiency of ca. 75% from pectin-based beads. The possibility of biosorbents’ reuse was also proved. Addition of guar gum to pectin biosorbent did not change its sorption properties significantly.