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Methods of virus detection in various work environment

Viruses are harmful biological agents, which can pose a risk for workers from different occupational groups. Information regarding the occurrence of viruses in occupational environment is still scarce, primarily due to analytical difficulty of their routine detection. Hygiene control applied for microbiological contamination are not effective in case of viruses, so the occupational risk for workers exposed to biological agents is still underestimated. Such a state of affairs fundamentally precludes a proper management of occupational safety. The effectiveness of virus detection in the environmental samples depends on methods of sampling and transport, and isolation and identification method.
The aim of this paper is an attempt to critically review the literature of the subject, determination of the best and the most effective method of virus detection and identification in the occupational environment, which could be used as a routine methodology for assessing the risk of viruses in various workplaces. The article discusses methods of viral samples collection, viral nucleic acid isolation, and, their detection based on viral activity, molecular biology and immunoenzymatic assays.

