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Properties of current sheet thinning at x ∼− 10 to −12 RE

We report on Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) observations of current sheet thinning in Earth's magnetotail at around x =− 10 to −12 Earth radii. The THEMIS spacecraft configuration in October–December 2015 allows us to construct both gradients that contribute to the cross‐tail current density jy=μ0−1(∂Bx/∂z−∂Bz/∂x) (GSM coordinates). For 17 events when the spacecraft observed a gradual Bz decrease and jy increase, we find the following average scaling relations: for the current density jy∼Bz−7/4 , for the lobe magnetic field BL∼Bz−1/4 , and for the plasma density ni∼Bz−3/4 . We show that the temperature of ions and electrons decreases and the plasma pressure gradient ∂p/∂x rapidly increases during current sheet thinning. The scale Lx=(∂lnp/∂x)−1 decreases a few thousand kilometers. We also consider current carriers in thinning current sheets: both ion and electron current‐dominated current sheets, preferentially located near dusk and midnight, respectively, are found.