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Xenon modulates synaptic transmission to rat hippocampal CA3 neurons at both pre‐ and postsynaptic sites

Xenon (Xe) non‐competitively inhibited whole‐cell excitatory glutamatergic current (IGlu) and whole‐cell currents gated by ionotropic glutamate receptors (IAMPA, IKA, INMDA), but had no effect on inhibitory GABAergic whole‐cell current (IGABA). Xe decreased only the frequency of glutamatergic spontaneous and miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents and GABAergic spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents without changing the amplitude or decay times of these synaptic responses. Xe decreased the amplitude of both the action potential‐evoked excitatory and the action potential‐evoked inhibitory postsynaptic currents (eEPSCs and eIPSCs, respectively) via a presynaptic inhibition in transmitter release. We conclude that the main site of action of Xe is presynaptic in both excitatory and inhibitory synapses, and that the Xe inhibition is much greater for eEPSCs than for eIPSCs.