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Metastability in the Zero-Range Process

1. Introduction The zero-range process (ZRP) [1] is a simple lattice-based model for driven diffusive systems. For certain choices of parameters, the model exhibits a condensation transition (analogous to Bose-Einstein condensation) where a macroscopic proportion of particles accumulate on a single site [2]. Condensation is well-known in colloidal and granular systems [3] and also occurs in a variety of other contexts [4], including socio-economics, biology, and networks. Furthermore, the ZRP can be mapped to well-studied exclusion processes which describe the single-file diffusion of interacting particles. Condensation in the ZRP corresponds to phase separation in the exclusion process [5].