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Noise and solvent, alcohol and solvent: two dangerous interactions on auditory function.

While noise exposure is the most significant contributor to occupational hearing loss, recent evidence points to solvents and their interactions as additional contributors to occupational deafness. Furthermore, due to the metabolic competitive inhibition between aromatic solvents and ethanol, the solvent toxicity can be even enhanced in certain circumstances. So, two dangerous interactions: noise and solvents, solvents and ethanol deserve to be taken into consideration in an exhaustive preventive policy. Based on the investigations reviewed in the present study, it appears that the combined effects of an exposure to noise and solvent exceed the summation of the damage produced by each agent alone. Such a statement can be also made for a combined exposure to solvent and ethanol. It is therefore important to bear in mind that noise effects can be exacerbated by non-acoustic agents. Thus, if our noise regulations have to be more effective, it is necessary to take into consideration the ototoxic effects of noise in a multifactorial environment.