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“LUMPY JAW” IN EXOTIC HOOF STOCK: A HISTOPATHOLOGIC INTERPRETATION WITH A TREATMENT PROPOSAL

Abstract “Lumpy jaw” of artiodactyls and macropods, although often considered a manifestation of actinomycosis, is actually an osteomyelitis, perhaps commencing with a dental root abscess or trauma to the jaw. Anaerobes may be cultured from the lesions, and vegetable matter may be impacted in them. It is a chronic disease and difficult to treat. Successful treatment may include draining the abscess, cleaning the cavity with saline and antibiotics, flushing with a combination of hydrogen peroxide–sodium hypochlorite and Betadine, and apicoectomy and endodontic filling when active inflammation has subsided.