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Brain Transplantation — Still Fantasy? Discussion Paper

Introduction On 30 March 1982, at the Karolinska Hospital in Stockholm, an unprecedented medical experiment took place-the transplantation of tissue into a human brain'. The patient was a 55-year-old man, severely disabled by Parkinson's disease. Two-thirds of his left adrenal medulla was removed and fragments thereof stereotactically introduced into a target point in his right caudate nucleus. On the first postoperative day, his arms were less rigid than preoperatively; this slight improvement lasted approximately one week. Six months afterwards he was in the same clinical state as before the transplant and remained so when seen 14 years later. On 5 May 1983, at the same hospital, a 46-year-old woman with a 5-year history of Parkinson's disease underwent a similar operation'. During the first two postoperative days she moved both arms with less rigidity than preoperatively. There was no tremor