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Characteristics of glutamate dehydrogenase, a new diagnostic marker for the genus Fusobacterium.

Enzymes representative of carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism were screened for their presence and activity amongst species of the genus Fusobacterium. Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) was reliably detected in all 25 strains studied. The pH profile of this enzyme and the DNA base composition of selected strains were also determined. DNA base composition of selected strains ranged between 28-32.9 mol% G + C. GDH was active between pH 7.5-11.5 but two pH profiles of activity, with optima at 9.5 and 10.5, were discernible among species. Apart from Fusobacterium nucleatum, which had a heterogeneous enzyme pattern, the GDH electrophoretic mobility was constant within a species but in a few cases the enzyme bands overlapped. A combination of the pH profile, the GDH electrophoretic pattern and the DNA base composition provided clear separation of the test organisms into discrete groups; however, a larger number of strains must be examined before the full potential of these tests can be evaluated.