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The Concept of the Press Council

The development of the Press council concept in many countries with a varying degree of ’free press’1 is intertwined with the emergence of the social responsibility theory2 of the press in the twentieth century. Although a socially responsible press can mean different things to different people, one common requirement of such a press throughout these ’free press’ countries is that the press, while remaining free, be fair and responsive to its readers. This requirement seems to be a natural consequence of the importance the mass media have acquired in influencing people’s lives. Governmental and private commissions, investigating press performance in various nations, have voiced a need for press regulation to guard against abuses of the press not covered by press laws. The American Commission on the Freedom of the Press (1945-47), the Royal Commission on the Press (1947-49) in England, the Indian Press Commission (1952-54), and the South African Press Commission