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Chitosan embedded silver nanoparticles developed to noninvasively measure tissue pressure

Measurement of interstitial compartment pressure currently involves catheter‐based invasive techniques. The goal of the study was to develop a minimally invasive system to provide a more sensitive and reliable method. Pressure “transducers” were designed as chitosan microspheres with silver nanoparticles evenly dispersed. Silver nanoparticles were chemically synthesized and dispersed in a viscous polymer solution of a low molecular weight biocompatible, biodegradable polymer (chitosan). Spectrophotometric analyses of polymer/nanoparticle thin films were performed at atmospheric conditions and then under pressure. The synthesis and dispersion of the silver nanoparticles was confirmed spectrophotometrically through demonstration of thin film absorbances of the nanoparticle/chitosan composites in the biologically relevant near‐IR range. Functionality of the thin film pressure sensor in “intensity mode” was confirmed by a measured increase in absorbance intensity of thin films with subtle pressure increases indicating a correlation between sensor's intensity response and increased gauge pressure. Finally, data indicated a peak absorbance wavelength shift with increasing gauge pressures, proving functionality in “frequency mode.” The implanted nanoparticle/polymer composites shifted their absorbance spectra as a result of increased pressure over the medically relevant 5–45 mmHg range with a resolution of 5mmHg.