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Long-term effects of prenatal diagnostic X-rays on childhood physical and intellectual development

A long-term follow-up study has been conducted on the physical and intellectual development of 1026 children exposed in utero to diagnostic X-rays and of 1191 non-exposed controls in Beijing, Shanghai and Changchun. The fetal absorbed doses ranged from 11.75 to 42.70 mGy. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in body height, weight and head circumference compared by standard deviations of individual measured parameters from local normal means. The mean score of an intelligence test in the exposed group was slightly lower than that in the control group with a statistically significant difference. However, the residual radiation effects on IQ were no longer significant on the Hotelling T2-test and Student's t-test when confounding factors were identified and taken into account by backward stepwise regression analyses.