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New Modalities in the Treatment of Ocular Allergy

Allergic conditions are common, irritating, and occasionally disabling. Allergic rhinitis, for example, has been estimated to occur in 20% of the general population in the United States. The economic impact has been on the rise with increasing occurrence of allergic conditions and increasing health care costs. Direct and indirect medical costs for allergic rhinitis are estimated at between $1.5 and $2 billion annually in the United States. In addition, allergic conditions significantly affect quality of life, cognitive and learning function, decision-making, and self-perception. Fortunately, our understanding of allergic conditions is improving. Increased understanding of the biology and immunology of the allergic response has fostered the development of new agents to control allergic inflammation. We will introduce basic immunology of the immune response and briefly discuss several new therapeutic modalities developed from our current understanding of that science.