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Recent updates in artificial kidney technology: Potential parsing for universal coverage burden of chronic kidney disease in Indonesia

Chronic Kidney Disease has high mortality and financial burden. It was the third most catastrophic and expensive disease protected by universal coverage. The growth of medical technology gives hope to solve this hardship potentially. This paper aims to review current and future developments of artificial kidney technologies from different aspects. The scoops are popularity, cost-effectiveness, liters of dialysate needed, portability, safety issues, adverse effect reports, quality of life, the availability, and the number of professional medical workers needed to operate the device. The currently available treatments such as hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and kidney transplantation have its benefits and challenges. Peritoneal dialysis gives a better quality of life and more cost-effective, however, it has the highest dropout ratio. The future artificial kidneys, such as the wearable artificial kidney, automated wearable artificial kidney, and implantable artificial kidney, offer solutions to overcome the existing challenges. Although the new technologies have not yet reached the Indonesian market, the potential benefits are high in helping chronic kidney disease patients – by offering simplicity, accessibility, reachability, and affordability of the treatment.