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Gnoseology-based Approach to Foundations of Informatics

Now it is generally recognized that informatics is to be based on its own solid foundations which should state its self-dependence and provide its self-development. In the paper we propose to use a gnoseology-based approach for developing methodological, conceptual, and formal levels of foundations. At the methodological level we describe a number of general gnoseological principles and a system of philosophical categories specifying the main features of the approach. On the conceptual level we propose to elucidate basic notions of informatics in integrity of their intensional and extensional aspects. Then we use developed notion models to construct their mathematical counterparts at the formal level. Such constructions start with formalization of the notion of data as intensionalized data. The main kinds of such data are presets, sets, and nominats (nominative data). Then we define the notion of abstract computability applicable to the described types of intensionalized data. At last, we construct hierarchy of predicate logics over introduced intensionalized data.