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Neuron Simulation: Allowing Students to Visualize the Invisible During the Action Potential

A goal of the CU‐Boulder Science Education Initiative is to introduce research based active learning techniques and modules into the classroom. To help students visualize the factors influencing the action potential (AP), physiology faculty worked with the Physics Education Technology group to develop a neuronal simulation (sim). The sim was developed to help students explore the following: changes in ion concentration are quite small during each AP, leak channels are the major contributing factor to establishing the resting membrane potential (Vmrest), and during a temporary change in Vm the Na/K ATPase is not necessary for reestablishing the Vmrest. Misconceptions regarding these statements were established from classroom observations and analysis of formative and summative assessments. With an intuitive interface and little text, the sim allows students to visualize the ions, gradients, channels, and timing of the AP in an interactive manner. The design of the simulation allows faculty to customize the use of the simulation to match their environment and learning goals, and can be used in class, lab, or on a homework assignment. Future research and directions will explore if the sim assists students in overcoming these misconceptions and difficulties. http://phet.colorado.edu