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Seasonal characteristics of diurnal precipitation variation in Kraków (South Poland)

This paper describes the diurnal cycle of liquid precipitation using the amplitude and phase of two precipitation characteristics: frequency and totals. A uniquely long set of uniform hourly precipitation data from Kraków (South Poland) was used. This vast and reliable basic material was collected by the author using pluviographic data covering the period 1886–2002. The role of precipitation type in forming the general diurnal cycle of precipitation was discussed. Two precipitation types, frontal and air mass, were taken into consideration. The role of particular air masses (polar maritime and polar continental) and atmospheric fronts (warm and cold fronts) in the 24‐h precipitation cycle was determined. The frontal and air mass precipitation events were identified using a documentation of synoptic situations by Niedźwiedź over the area of southern Poland for the 1951–2002 period.