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Genetic Variability of Graptophyllum Pictum (L.) Griff Accessions from Western Indonesia by Sequence Related Amplified Polymorphism

Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff is one of the medicinal plants in Indonesia that has been proved to have antioxidant, antidiabetic, and analgesic properties. However, there is no report about the relationship of its genetic diversity with accession and ethnic aspects. Thus, we carried out polymorphism studies and clusterization of 34 samples G. pictum that were collected from 10 ethnics in Western Indonesia. The research purpose was to determine the polymorphism and kinship relations between ethnic groups and accessions of G. pictum in Western Indonesia. DNA was isolated using the GeneJET Plant Genomic DNA purification mini kit. Sequence Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) was used as a molecular marker in PCR amplification. We analyzed the data using NTSYS and PopGene 1.3 softwares. We found 8 combinations of selected primers with polymorphic percentage average of 72.23% and 45 loci. The ethnicity that has the highest polymorphic percentage is Kutai (East Kalimantan) of 55.56%. The diversity between population and accession is moderate with Dissimilarity Index (DI) not more than 0.69. Ribun ethnic in West Kalimantan is the oldest ancestry ethnic that has locus marker at 24th and 41st position. In conclusion, we found that G. pictum in Western Indonesia is divided into 4 clusters.