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INVESTIGATION OF WATER DROPLET EROSION IN THE RADIAL TURBINE OF A FUEL CELL TURBOCHARGER

Radial turbines of fuel cell turbochargers are prone to water droplet erosion (WDE). Test bench runs of such a turbine showed erosion zones on the rotor suction side near the leading edge and on the stator suction side near the trailing edge. The aim of this study is to analyze this erosion and determine which droplet trajectories are responsible for it. For this purpose, Euler-Lagrange simulations of the non-equilibrium condensing flow are analyzed with regard to droplet deposition. It is shown that the droplets originating from condensation are not responsible for the observed erosion. It is therefore investigated whether an inflow of droplets from the fuel cell itself can be responsible for the erosion. The study indeed shows that such droplets can form wall films on rotor and stator. Therefore, the observed erosion is most likely the result of droplets formed by the break-up of wall films at the trailing edge of the stator vanes and also at the leading edge of the rotor blades.