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A Spontaneous Mutation at a Seedcoat Pattern Locus in the Dark Red Kidney Bean `Red Hawk,' which Changes Seed from Self-colored to the Partially Colored Virgarcus Pattern

'Redcoat' soldier bean cultivar originated from off-type, virgarcus patterned seeds found in a foundation seed lot of 'Red Hawk' dark red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). These off-type seeds were hypothesized to be the result of a single gene mutation. A mutation at either of two loci involved in bean seedcoat pattern expression, T or Z, could convert self-colored seedcoats to a virgarcus pattern. The results of test-crosses of 'Redcoat' and 'Red Hawk' to lines with known alleles at the seedcoat pattern loci indicate that the dominant T allele of 'Red Hawk' mutated to recessive t in 'Redcoat'. The mutant t gene prevents expression of red veins in wing petals due to v rk d , and enables expression of the z gene (and possibly other genes) carried cryptically by 'Red Hawk'. On the basis of preliminary data, we speculate that the two types of virgarcus patterns observed (classic in 'Redcoat' and standard in the tester) may be controlled by different Bip alleles as they interact with t z.