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Altered spontaneous brain activity in retinal vein occlusion as determined by regional homogeneity: a resting-state fMRI study

Background Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is among the commonest retinal vascular conditions that can cause severe visual loss. However, the relationship between RVO and altered spontaneous brain activity is still unknown. Purpose To apply regional homogeneity (ReHo) for the evaluation of abnormal brain activity in patients with RVO and explore the relationship between anomalous cerebral activity and behavioral manifestations. Material and Methods Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was performed in 26 patients with RVO (12 men, 14 women) and 24 healthy controls (12 men, 12 women) matched by age, sex, and education. ReHo was used to evaluate the local characteristics of spontaneous brain activity. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to classify RVO and healthy control characteristics. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between the ReHo value of specific brain regions and clinical manifestations in RVO patients. Results ReHo values of the right posterior lobe of the cerebellum, fusiform gyrus, and right inferior temporal gyrus of patients with RVO were remarkably higher than those of controls (P < 0.05). ReHo values of the right cuneus in patients with RVO were significantly lower than those of controls (P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis of each brain region revealed a perfect accuracy of the areas under the curve (AUC). There was a negative correlation between the ReHo values of some regions and clinical manifestations. Conclusion RVO may cause dysfunction in many brain regions, which may help reveal the neural mechanisms underlying RVO.