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Increased Albumin Concentration Reduces Apoptosis and Improves Functionality of Human Islets

Providing sufficient islet mass is important for successful islet transplantation. Apoptosis plays a major role in post-isolation islet cell death, and prevention of apoptosis could improve transplant outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether increased concentration of human albumin (HA) in pre-transplantation culture of human islets would reduce apoptosis. Human islets were cultured in CMRL with 1.5 or 5% of HA for 24 h and apoptosis was evaluated indirectly by measuring caspase 3 activity and tetramethylrhodamine-ethyl-ester (TMRE) in dissociated islets. Islet function and viability were evaluated. Islets cultured in higher albumin concentration presented with lower caspase 3 activity (43.9 ± 3.9 vs. 67.4 ± 11.1, p = 0.011), and had increased insulin secretory capacity (Stimulation index 3.76 ± 0.91 vs 1.23 ± 0.21, p = 0.023). We conclude that an increase in albumin concentration can prevent apoptosis in isolated human islets. These findings may have implications for islet transplant outcomes.