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Estimation of locations of bioelectric sources using an equivalent filter

The authors estimate the number and locations of bioelectric sources in a horizontally layered volume conductor. By modelling the extracellular medium as an equivalent filter, the location estimation problem becomes one of estimating parameters of this equivalent filter, given cursory knowledge of the functional form of the desired sources. The new procedure (1) is computationally efficient, (2) accurately models noise effects on the location estimates, and (3) automatically regularises noisy data. Numerical results are presented, and the Cramer-Rao bound for depth estimations is derived.