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Efficacy of omega-3-rich Camelina sativa on the metabolic and clinical markers in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized, controlled trial

Objective Recently, omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants co-supplementation was considered as alternative treatment in the management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This trial evaluated effects of Camelina sativa oil (CSO) as a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants on anthropometric indices, lipid profile, liver enzymes, and adiponectin in NAFLD patients. Participants and methods This triple-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial was conducted on 46 NAFLD patients who were randomly assigned to either a CSO supplement or placebo for 12 weeks. Both groups received a loss weight diet. Levels of liver enzymes, adiponectin, lipid profile, atherogenic index, and anthropometric indices were assessed for all patients at baseline and post-intervention. Results CSO caused significant differences in weight, BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, triglyceride, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), TC/HDL-c, LDL-c/HDL-c, atherogenic index, alanine aminotransferase, and adiponectin concentrations in the CSO group compared with the placebo group (P < 0.046 for all). No significant differences were found in hip circumference, neck circumference, HDL-c, and other liver enzymes in the CSO group compared with the placebo group (P = 0.790, P = 0.091, P = 0.149, P < 0.159 for liver enzymes, respectively). Discussion and conclusion This study showed that CSO supplementation for 12 weeks causes significant changes in all of anthropometric indices (except hip circumference and neck circumference), ALT, lipid profile (except HDL-c), atherogenic index, and adiponectin in NAFLD patients.