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Ion-pair extraction and high-speed liquid chromatography of cephalothin and deacetylcephalothin in human serum and urine.

Cephalothin and its major metabolite, deacetylcephalothin, have been analyzed in human serum and urine using high-speed ion exchange liquid chromatography. The method is rapid, simple, and sensitive. Urine samples can be injected directly. Since untreated serum samples showed interfering peaks, ion-pair extraction using tetraheptylammonium chloride was successfully employed. Serum levels as low as 1 µg/ml can be accurately measured. Serum half-life values for cephalothin and deacetylcephalothin have been determined in human subjects. Both compounds have been identified by mass-spectrometric comparison with authentic reference compounds.