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A Novel Proportional Integral Controller Based Passive Cell Balancing for Battery Management System

To save mankind from the impending disaster of global warming, the transition of transport away from fossil fuels is crucial. Experimentations are going on for the development of some appropriate substitutes for fossil fuel-based vehicles, which has led to the emergence of Electric Vehicles (EVs), From the literature, it is found that the Battery Management System (BMS) is of vital concern to the researchers since the battery is one of the primary components of EV. BMS comprises the cell balancing phenomenon for balancing the battery's State of Charge (SoC) and thereby voltage levels. There are mainly two cell balancing methods, namely active and passive cell balancing methods, of which the passive method has proved to be more efficient for low-power system applications. Work has been done on conventional logic-based Passive Cell Balancing (PCB). This work focuses on introducing and implementing a Proportional Integral controller in PCB. It is executed in a MATLAB Simulink environment and the results obtained show remarkable improvement in the SoC and voltage levels of the batteries after the balancing operation compared to the previous works. Also, the balancing time required has reduced drastically, proving it to be a very effective technique for cell balancing in EVs.