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28 GHz Pattern Reconfigurable Block Cell Antenna featuring Electrically Small Profile

A novel 28 GHz pattern reconfigurable antenna (PRA) with 0.14 λ0 is proposed for millimeter-wave 5G applications. The proposed antenna utilizes phase difference among each port to control the current distributions on the devised block cell structure. The unit block cell is further expanded into 1×7 array configuration using LTCC lamination for enhanced modal resolution. The 4 modes of the proposed 1×7 array achieve impedance bandwidth >1 GHz at the center frequency of 28 GHz and gain of approximately 6 dBi. The 4 radiation modes feature more than 80° beam coverage in the xz-plane with more than 4 dBi realized gain.