{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.02711864406779661, 'fraction_numerical': 0.004519774011299435, 'mean_word_length': 5.611940298507463, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 2, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Is it time to conduct phase 3 clinical trials of sex hormones in MS – Commentary

The relationship between sex-related factors and multiple sclerosis (MS), nowadays widely recognized, has led to the idea that sex hormones, easily available at low cost, could be promising therapeutic solutions for MS. However, their putative impact is not univocal: the two main oestrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) can act synergistically or antagonistically depending on the tissue and in MS they could modulate both inflammation (through ERα activation on peripheral and central nervous system (CNS) resident immune cells and astrocytes) and repairing pathways (through ERβ activation on oligodendrocytes, astrocytes and monocytes).1 By contrast, progesterone and androgens have not been shown to reverse inflammation but both demonstrated potential to enhance myelin repair in experimental models.2,3