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The Role of Development in Promoting Environmental Awareness: Evidence from Lebanon

The paper reviews the evolution of the environmental movement in both the public and the private sector in Lebanon. The public sector involvement in the environmental movement is studied by reviewing the commitments made by the government to the local, regional and international communities. The paper presents a summary of all the decisions, decrees, and laws pertaining to environmental protection that the Lebanese government instituted over time, as well as all the conventions and agreements that the country ratified and/or signed. The level of awareness and involvement of the government and the community seems to be increasing over time, as evidenced by the total number of laws and regulations instituted to manage the environmental affairs, as well as the level of reported activities aimed at spreading awareness and educating people. The paper tests the relationship between environmental movement and economic development as measured by GDP and the results indicate that environmental awareness and activism is decreasing at low GDP levels and increasing at high GDP levels thus yielding a U-shaped curve.