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Managing tinnitus: a comparison of different approaches to tinnitus management training.

A series of studies examining the interaction between the characteristics of individual tinnitus sufferers and the effectiveness of the methods used to assist them has been conducted. The first of these studies provided a baseline description of 96 people with tinnitus, according to a range of audiological and psychological variables. In the present paper four differing tinnitus management programmes are described and the related changes in tinnitus perception reported three months after tinnitus management training. For the majority of subjects, the tinnitus was less annoying and less distressing three months after attending tinnitus management training. However, the majority of subjects reported no change in tinnitus loudness, or tinnitus awareness and no change in their tinnitus coping ability. Subjects receiving low level white noise stimulation reported greater improvement in tinnitus coping ability than subjects who received information and relaxation training, although there was no associated improvement in tinnitus awareness. Subjects' beliefs about tinnitus and preferred coping style may have influenced the reported benefit or otherwise of the differing tinnitus management techniques.