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A Study in Battery Functions and System Inertia

The optimization of the generation cost function allows for the minimization of cost subject to constraints. In this paper, the constraints are load, generation limits, and system inertia. It is assumed that battery storage and solar have no significant inertia component. Synthetic inertia does still need a thorough field evaluation. Adding battery discharge during peak times to get these resources the best prices means system inertia must be balanced with natural gas units serving the baseload. It was found that when discharging batteries during peak load the amount of generation trip, while maintaining frequency at or above 59.7 Hz, reduces. Solar power may be used in the summer in areas of the country with abundant sunshine, but a significant natural gas component is needed in the interim system before we progress to all renewables and battery storage when system inertia may not be as critical to maintain.