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Dynamic Battery Modeling of Lead-Acid Batteries using Manufacturers' Data

Modeling and simulation of lead acid batteries is of utmost importance in predicting their operation for transportation systems such as hybrid and electric vehicles, for wheelchairs, for battery backup systems such as in UPS for computers and in telecommunication systems. Considerable effort is put into the selection of the appropriate battery model with specific regard to the battery state of charge (SOC) and battery reserve time during the discharge profile for the various different loading conditions expected in the field. This technical paper presents a battery model which uses the manufacturers' data sheet parameters to generate the appropriate terminal voltage and battery capacity for various discharge conditions. This dynamic model is a realistic engineering compromise between model complexity and accuracy and provides parameter flexibility with low simulation times. The results demonstrate that this model provides a reasonable representation of the battery terminal voltage for the different discharge conditions. Due to the relatively long discharge times involved (tens of minutes to an hour at low discharge rates) specific emphasis was placed on high speed modeling and resulting short run times rather than high precision