{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.02388535031847134, 'fraction_numerical': 0.012738853503184714, 'mean_word_length': 4.965189873417722, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Complicated frontal sinus disease treated by the osteoplastic flap operation

IN recent years only infrequent references to 'Osteoplastic frontal operation' have been made in the E.N.T. literature. The purpose of reporting this operation is twofold. First, to emphasize that complications of frontal sinus disease which may endanger life are not uncommon. Secondly, to show the suitability and usefulness of the operation in those patients with complicated disease. Although this paper is concerned only with the treatment of the patient showing the complications of the diseased sinus, the authors also recognize the use of this operation in the properly chosen case of chronic frontal sinusitis. In this country Macbeth's name is used when describing this approach (Macbeth, 1954), although he gives credit to Gibson and Walker for the original description (Gibson and Walker, 1951). Zonis provides a much longer pedigree for the operation, extending back to 1894, and in addition, records one hundred cases operated on in a nine-year period (Zonis et al., 1966). Macbeth describes both the method of mapping the sinus outline on the skin and the operative technique in detail. Between June 1967 and March 1971, ten patients were operated on by this approach at Southampton General Hospital. The Macbeth technique with bifrontal osteoplastic flap was used in all patients, except one, who had a forehead skin crease incision, but otherwise the procedure was identical. In all cases the intersinus septum was removed and complete mucosal clearance performed. The mucosa of the fronto-nasal duct was also removed if the duct was patent. In half the cases indwelling frontonasal tubes were inserted. The indications for the operations reviewed are listed in Table I, and a summary of the clinical features and operative findings in Tables II and III. TABLE I. INDICATIONS FOR OPERATION