{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.014967259120673527, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0023386342376052385, 'mean_word_length': 5.462235649546828, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
The Application of Reverse Engineering for Building Construction Management

Traditional building construction process represents a sequential working flow defined by working drawings for a constructer to implement step by step. If the implementation is properly planned, the whole construction could be controlled by the schedule and drawings. However, design may still subject to modifications. Unpredicted problems or mistakes might occur and cause the progress delay of the subsequent tasks. In the site, the original concepts of building construction usually end up with conflicts, resulting in design changes or an improper implementation of construction resources. By building up a 3D environment, examination or self-critiquing of the process becomes feasible. Since the beginning of construction process, reality may depart from original plan. For example, measurement must be confirmed repetitively. The checking procedure is tedious and manpowerconsuming, let along the obstacles that prevent an easy access to the locations for conducting measurement. This difficulty leads to an inaccurate construction situation that deviates subsequent correction process. Construction quality is hence affected. Therefore, the application of 3D construction scan would be very helpful in truly displaying the state of the building for facilitating self-criticism of future planning or design changes. In final construction operation, construction managers usually discuss with architect referring the completeness of a task based on their experiences. But in reality, construction site is a very complicated environment and is located far away from main office to conduct a thorough or real-time discussion such as the situation of bad site landforms. Deviation from the design might result in changes in construction process. It is very important to scan the site to retrieve the 3D environment model to obtain a complete and exact geometric description. Therefore, this paper presents an application of a 3D laser scanner under the concept of reverse engineering to review the construction process and design changes in a 3D environment.