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Vanadium complexes inhibit growth of HT‐29 cells via ROS generation

Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation caused by a loss of control of cell cycle growth and division. Many chemotherapeutics have been developed to induce apoptosis or inhibit cancer cell growth. Previous studies have evidenced the efficacy of organometallic compounds, notably cisplatin and its derivatives, in inhibiting tumor growth. Further studies have been conducted with other metal elements to assess their potential as anti‐cancer drugs. One in particular is vanadium, which has been shown to elicit effects via multiple biochemical pathways. We previously synthesized novel vanadium complexes with variable functional groups and found that they were able to inhibit growth in breast (MCF‐7) and colon (HT‐29) cancer cell lines to varying degrees. Here, we hypothesized that these complexes were inducing apoptosis via caspase 3/7‐mediated pathways and inducing cell death by an increase in reactive oxygen species generation.