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Mobile-Health Tool Use and Community Health Worker Performance in the Kenyan Context: A Task-Technology Fit Perspective

Community Health Workers (CHWs) are often the only link to healthcare for millions of people in the developing world. There is growing interest in supporting CHWs at the point-of-care through the application of mobile-health or mHealth platforms. Despite the promise of these technologies, there is a lack of substantive evidence regarding the impacts of mHealth tools on healthcare service delivery and whether these tools are adequately designed to fit with the intended healthcare service tasks, thereby enhancing CHW workflow efficiencies. To address this gap, the study aims to (i) determine a relevant set of dimensions along which to evaluate healthcare service task and mHealth tool characteristics, and (ii) use these dimensions to theorize and test a Task-Technology Fit model to predict mHealth tool use and CHW performance. Data was collected from 312 CHWs in the counties of Siaya, Nandi, and Kilifi, in Kenya using a survey instrument. Findings show that "fit' as the covariation between healthcare service task and mHealth tool characteristics will result in increased mHealth tool use and enhanced CHW performance in the Kenyan context. Results thus confirm that by providing adequate functional support for CHW needs, mHealth tools may represent the most effective and cost-effective way to ultimately save lives and improve healthcare outcomes in the developing world.