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Experiment and Simulation of Hard Cutting System Dynamic Characteristics

Tool wear is an inevitable and continuously aggravated process in precision hard cutting. Interaction between tool wear and dynamic characteristics in cutting system makes machining accuracy and quality of machined surface declining, which effects dynamic characteristics of cutting system significantly. Based on this, cutter dynamic modal parameters of a specific cutting system are measured in this paper. Cutting force and change law of acceleration power spectrum are studied by experiments. Influence mechanism of tool wear on system frequency energy distribution was obtained, and tool wear effects on the system frequency distribution mechanism is obtained. The cutting system dynamic characteristics are quantified by establishing simulation model. Root locus plot of non-uniform load distribution is obtained and the minimum stiffness ratio in the root locus plot is determined. The effect of tool flank wear on cutting system stability in quantitatively stable is researched. Study results provide theoretical basis for selection of stable precision cutting conditions in different tool wear conditions.