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Statistical Analysis of Symmetric Exon Sets in Eukaryotic Genes

Whether the intron/exon structure of eukaryotic genes is from exon-shuffling at early evolutionary stage or introns have been inserted into performed genes during eukaryotic evolution at the late evolutionary stage is the core question in the ongoing debate between “introns-early” and “intronslate” camps. In this paper, we applied statistical methods to the analysis of eukaryotic genes. We studied the classical introns in protein-coding genes eukaryotic genes. Our results show that the phase zero introns are significantly predominant than other phases and observed frequencies of symmetric exons sets significantly exceed the expected frequencies. We investigated the exon set from one internal exon long to 19 internal exons long because we believed that the regular distribution of deviations could imply something biological meaningful. We found that this phenomenon was still significant until the exon sets contained 18 internal exons. We noticed that the deviation of (0,0) symmetric exon sets have single peak value 22.28% at exon sets containing 11 internal exons.