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Determination of surface tilt angle of splay and bend liquid crystal cells.

This study presents and demonstrates an approach for determining the surface tilt angles of parallel-aligned liquid crystal cells. The relationships between the incident angles and the corresponding phase retardations in the splay and the bend configurations are analyzed. The equations for the surface tilt angles are derived accordingly, and their accuracy is discussed. This method does not require knowledge of the cell thickness and is easily applied to assembled pi-cells.