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Generic Battery model covering self-discharge and internal resistance variation

Design and analysis of battery powered systems depend on effective battery model. Hardware-in-the-loop testing of Battery Management System (BMS) extensively uses battery models. Simulation of Hybrid Electric Vehicles highly rely on the battery models which provides actual characteristics. This paper proposes a performance enhanced battery model which can be included in electric circuit design and analysis. Combined electrical and thermal model replicates the real world performance of battery. Self-discharge is the characteristic of a battery which reduces the stored energy without external connection. Effect of self-discharge on State of Charge (SOC) of battery is considered in the paper. Internal resistance variation with SOC of a battery included in the model further enhances its exactness. Proposed model is validated for Sony US 18650 Li-ion battery in MATLAB Simulink.