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Social Exclusion and Models of Development in Latin America

Abstract This article provides an analysis of the conditions of social exclusion that result from an implementation of the neoliberal model of capitalist development. The social impact of this model is examined in the context of developments in Latin America. In addition to this analysis, the article explores various attempts to address the salient conditions of social exclusion such as social inequalities in the distribution of income, the destruction of labour markets, and poverty. At issue are four theoretical models for addressing these issues. The article focuses particularly on the model that underlies the sustainable livelihoods approach to the problem of social exclusion. This model, and the approach based on it, is criticized because of an inherent concern to avoid the central issue of political power involved in the struggle for change and development.