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Towards improving the utility of fine‐needle aspiration biopsy for the diagnosis of thyroid tumours

Thyroid nodules are quite common with approximately 5% of the population, and approximately 10% of older individuals, having palpable thyroid nodules (Mazzaferri, 1993). Between 30 and 50% of people living in the United States and Europe have thyroid nodules noted on ultrasound examination. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) has become the mainstay of thyroid nodule evaluation. While the overall accuracy of FNAB is excellent, an indeterminate or suspicious biopsy can pose a diagnostic and management dilemma. Some of these issues are illustrated in the following patient vignettes.