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FCM and Otsu ‘s Thresholding based Glaucoma Detection and its Analysis using Fundus Images

Glaucomais a group of eye diseases that can cause permanent blindness if it is undetected or detected in a later stage. The early stage detection of glaucoma can reduce the rate of vision loss. The size of optic disc and optic cup is used to detect the presence of glaucoma. So the segmentation of optic disc and optic cup is the main step in glaucoma detection. Here, Fuzzy C Mean Clustering(FCM) and Otsu's thresholding based methods are adopted for segmenting both optic disc and optic cup. Cup to Disc Ratio(CDR) is calculated from this segmented optic disc and optic cup. The fundus image with CDR ratio greater than 0.3 is considered as glaucoma affected. CDR value less than 0.3 is considered as healthy. Based on CDR value, classification is carried out in Support Vector Machine (SVM) and DA (Discriminant analysis) classifier. The performance of these methods are evaluated using various parameters such as efficiency,specificity and sensitivity.