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[Electrical stimulation of the heart: history, current trends and prospects].

Part 1 of this review is devoted to the history of development of temporary and continuous electric stimulation (ES) of the heart. Up-to-date concepts of bradyarrhythmia are considered along with the most important techniques for its management with the use of two-chamber and frequency-adaptive systems. Algorithms for the choice of optimal ES regimes taking account of the type of bradyarrhythmia are discussed. Current concepts of physiological ES of the heart are considered. The authors describe their own experience with the application of ES of the heart.