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INFLUENCE OF COPPER ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND ADULT EMERGENCE OF HOMONA COFFEARIA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) REARED IN VITRO

Copper content ranging between 12.5 and 150 ppm of metallic copper was found to significantly (P = 0.05) affect the growth and development of the tea tortrix, Homona coffearia, reared in meridic diets in the laboratory. At this tested range, the larval period was prolonged, pupal weight reduced and adult emergence poor, resulting mostly in deformed moths with wings devoid of scales. This characteristic latter symptom has been shown to be due to a deficiency of polyunsaturated fatty acids and copper seems to affect the availability of the latter. At 200 ppm of copper, even though the larvae succeeded to pupate they all failed to emerge as adults. When the concentration of copper was increased to 250 ppm, the larvae were able to grow only up to the third instar, whilst at concentrations of 500 ppm and above they died the day following inoculation.