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Assessing Wellness Outcomes for Participants in Adult Day Services: Options for Activity Professionals

ABSTRACT Current Aims: Activity professionals are integrally involved with programming for participants in adult day services (ADS) designed to promote health and function. Because little guidance currently exists, this study aimed to systematically identify assessments suitable for measuring ADS wellness program outcomes. Methods: Systematic literature review methods identified 57 assessments in six domains: cognitive, mood, energy/activity/participation, motor, balance, and overall health/wellness. Each assessment was evaluated for psychometric properties; practical considerations; and suitability for persons with various cognitive and ambulatory levels, and group administration. Each assessment was rated from 1 (not suitable) to 4 (highly suitable), and an informational matrix was constructed to include assessments receiving scores of 3 or 4. Results: Nine appropriate outcomes measures were identified and two cognitive assessment for pre-program screening were identified. Conclusions: The matrix can be used by activity professionals as a practical, empirically-derived guide to ADS wellness program planning and evaluation.