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Defect identification in magnetic tile images using an improved nonlinear diffusion method

Visual inspection of surface defects is a crucial step in the magnetic tile manufacturing process. Magnetic tile images suffer from a non-uniform illumination, texture and noise that disperse irregularly in flawless image areas. As a result, common edge detection and threshold segmentation techniques fail to identify these kinds of defects. In this work, we present a robust algorithm for defect identification in magnetic tile images. The proposed method is based on a new anisotropic diffusion filtering model. Unlike traditional anisotropic diffusion models that take into account only gradient magnitude information, the proposed model combines together gradient magnitude and a new local difference image feature. The aim is to remove bright shapes and undesirable artifacts in the faultless region in magnetic tile images. In addition, the method activates a smoothing process in the flawless region to homogenize the background and simultaneously a sharpening in the defect boundaries to highlight anomalies. Experimental results on a number of magnetic tiles samples containing different types of defects have demonstrated the efficiency of the proposed diffusion method.