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Satellite-derived Indian methane emission sources with TROPOMI retrievals and a high-resolution modelling framework: Initial comparison with WRF-GHG model results

In accordance with the Global stocktake under Article 14 of Paris Agreement, each county estimates its own greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions based on standardised bottom-up management methods. However, the accuracy of these methods along with the standards differs from country to country, resulting in large uncertainties that make it difficult to implement effective climate change mitigation strategies. India plays an important role in global methane emission scenario, necessitating the accurate quantification of its sources at the regional and the local levels. However, the country lacks sufficient long term, continuous and accurate observations of the atmospheric methane which are required to quantify its source, to understand changes in the carbon cycle and the climate system. Recent technological advancements in the use of satellite remote-sensing dedicated to the greenhouse gases enforce international standards for the observation methods; hence enabling those high-resolution-high-density observations to be utilised for this quantification purpose. This study focuses on exploring the use of such dedicated observations of the column-averaged dry-air mixing ratio of methane (XCH 4 ) retrieved from TROPOMI onboard Sentinel-5 Precursor to quantify the major CH 4 anthropogenic and natural emission fluxes over India.