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Precipitation Recycling in the Amazon Basin: A Study Using the ECMWF Era-Interim Reanalysis Dataset

The objective of this study is to evaluate the water budget components and to address the physical mechanisms involved in precipitation recycling in the Amazon basin using the European Centre reanalysis for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts – ECMWF for period 1980-2005. Precipitation recycling refers to the feedback mechanism between the Earth’s surface and the atmosphere wherein the amount of water that is evapotranspired from a given region of the surface returns to the same area in the form of precipitation. Here we show, on average, 20% of the total rainfall in the basin is derived from local evapotranspiration processes indicating that the local contribution to the total precipitation represents a significant contribution to the regional water budget and plays an important role in the Amazon water cycle. However, the changes in the climate system due to anthropogenic forcings such as the increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and changes in land use and land cover (i.e. deforestation) can affect the precipitation recycling. Although the results presented here have produced new knowledge about the interactions between surface processes and the hydrologic cycle, the effects of anthropogenic climate change on the precipitation recycling in the Amazon basin requires further investigation.