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Birth and death of Charcot's scientific journals.

In this chapter, we present an analytical and critical inventory of Charcot's scientific journals. This was undertaken by searching the files at Charcot's library at the Salpêtrière, the Bibliothèque Nationale de France and a review of literature. One can distinguish four kinds of Charcot's scientific journals. (1) The journals co-founded by Charcot: the Archives de physiologie normale et pathologique founded in 1868, by Brown-Séquard, Charcot and Vulpian with Joffroy as vice-director; the Revue de médecine whose founders in 1881 were Bouchard, Charcot and Vulpian and the editors Landouzy and Raphaël Lépine; the Revuede l'hypnotisme expérimental et thérapeutique founded in 1887 by Charcot among others, with Bérillon as editor. (2) The journals founded under the direction of Charcot: the Iconographie photographique de la Salpêtrière, founded in 1877 by Bourneville and Regnard; the Archives de Neurologie, Revue des maladies nerveuses et mentales founded by Bourneville in 1880; the Archives de médecine expérimentale et d'anatomie pathologique founded in 1889 by Grancher, Lépine, Straus and Joffroy; the Nouvelle Iconographie de la Salpêtrière, in 1888 by Richer, Gilles de la Tourette and Londe. (3) The journals founded by Charcot's followers with his blessing: Le Progrès médical by Bourneville in 1873 and the Revue neurologique by Brissaud and Pierre Marie in 1893. (4) Another journal founded by Charcot's followers: the Archives slaves de neurologie by Mendelssohn and Richet. In conclusion, Charcot was neither a journalist nor a true editor, but he appreciated his name being well-placed on the cover of the reviews founded by his followers.