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SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELLING OF TWO SYMPATRIC HORNBILLS: THE GREAT HORNBILL AND RUFOUS-NECKED HORNBILL IN BHUTAN

The Great hornbill (Buceros bicornis) and Rufous-necked Hornbill
(Acerosnepalensis) are listed as vulnerable under the International
Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of threatened species due to
the rapid decline of their population in the world. This research
focuses on analysing the habitat suitability of these two important
birdspecies across Bhutan. A total of 51 presence locations were
recorded from the field survey. The models were simulated using three
topographic variables and 19 bioclimatic variables. MaxEnt modelling
technique was used for delineating the distribution potential habitat
suitability map. The habitat suitability analysis for Great hornbill and
Rufous-necked hornbill shows that 2% and 3% of Bhutan’s total
geographical area were highly suitable, respectively. The approach of
this study will be beneficial in identifying suitable areas and
aiddecision-makers in management and conservation of these vulnerable
bird species.