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Cultural Source of the Image of Madman and Cultural Ethos of May Fourth New Literature

The May Fourth new literature began from the abnormal narrative of Lu Xun’s A Madman’s Diary, whose modern image of madman became a symbol of new literature that shows its unique literary and cultural characteristics. The importance of A Madman’s Diary lies in the fact that it reactivated the ancient topics of madness and civilization during the cultural transformation by combining the Eastern and Western philosophies of the nature of human beings. The modernity of May Fourth movement chiefly means the renaissance of the romantic moral attitude. The May Fourth new literature emerged in the forms of solipsism and rationalism, which set free the pursuit of human subjectivity and objectivity and thus gave a new value and significance to the development of Chinese literature.