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Growth and Mineral Nutrition of Young Orange Trees Grown with High Levels of Silicon


One-year-old ‘Hamlin’ and 2-year-old ‘Valencia’ orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] trees on rough lemon (C. limon Burm. f.) rootstock were grown in solution culture for 7 months. The solutions of the two treatments were identical, except for Si. The KNO3 in the –Si solution was substituted by K2SiO3 and NH4NO3 to supply 66 ppm Si in the +Si solution. Solution pH was initially adjusted with HNO3 and NH4OH and maintained at 7 ± 0.5 by addition of dolomite. Plant weight at 28-day intervals showed significant differences in fresh weight increase between treatments only in the first 2 months. Analysis of eight different tree tissues for Si and 14 other elements showed strong correlations between Si levels and levels of P, S, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, and Mo, especially in the leaves, bark, and feeder roots. Si accumulated mostly in the leaves and the feeder roots, a pattern that was also found in field-grown, 17-year-old ‘Hamlin’ on rough lemon trees.