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Branched-chain amino acid interactions with reference to amino acid requirements in adult men: leucine metabolism at different valine and isoleucine intakes.

Recent estimates of the leucine requirement of adult men based on 13C-tracer studies are substantially higher than those proposed by FAO/WHO/UNU (1985). To explore whether leucine oxidation and requirements are affected by the dietary amount of valine. 11 healthy young adult men received, in random order, for 5 d, one of four L-amino acid diets providing 40 or 15 mg leucine.kg-1.d-1 together with variable amounts mg.kg-1.d-1 of valine and isoleucine in the following combinations (Val:Ile): 80:62 and 20:62 (six subjects; phase 1); 20:62 and 20:20 (five subjects, phase 2). On the morning of day 6, a continuous intravenous infusion of L-[1-13C]leucine was given for 7-8 h; the subject was in the fasting state for the initial 2.5 or 3 h and in the fed state for the remainder of the time. Also, [2H3]leucine was added to the diet. Leucine oxidation was similar for all diet groups in the fasted state. During the fed state, leucine oxidation was not affected by the Val:Ile pattern. Thus, changes in the pattern of branched-chain amino acid intake within a physiological range do not affect isotopically derived estimates of the leucine requirement.