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Exposure to specific components of a diabetes risk behavior prevention program associated with select psychosocial, dietary and anthropometric outcomes

We implemented a multi‐institutional diabetes risk behavior prevention program in 7 First Nations in northwestern Ontario using culturally relevant community‐, school‐ and store‐based components. Data collected in intervention communities (n =56 pre‐post respondents) were analyzed to assess the impact of exposure (adjusted for baseline value) on psychosocial outcomes, dietary behaviors and body mass index (BMI). Individual intervention components varied considerably with print media having higher levels of exposure. Exposure to shelf labels had a positive impact on dietary intention (β = 0.217; p=0.017). Dietary intention (β =0.204; p=0.045) and outcome expectations (β =0.224; p=0.019) were also predicted by exposure to the logo. Exposure to flyers was a significant predictor of dietary knowledge (β =0.023; p=0.022) while self‐efficacy was associated with exposure to posters (β =0.0300; p=0.051). Participation in community events was negatively associated with decreased BMI (β = −0.312; p=0.049) after controlling for known predictors. However, overall exposure to the program was not significantly associated with any outcomes, indicating that specific intervention channels are associated with specific outcomes. Intervention programs aimed at changing psychosocial factors and behaviors require greater exposure to more varied intervention components to have a positive impact.