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The biatrial cryo-maze procedure for treatment of atrial fibrillation: A single-center experience

Abstract Objectives. The Cox-maze III procedure is the benchmark for atrial fibrillation (AF) surgery but has been replaced by surgical ablation. We evaluated our experience with biatrial cryoablation using the full Cox-maze III lesion pattern, and adhering follow-up to current guidelines. Design. Forty-three patients underwent the biatrial cryo-maze procedure as a concomitant (n = 37) or stand-alone procedure (n = 6). Mean age was 64.8 ± 9.5 years. Overall, AF was paroxysmal/persistent/permanent in 28/14/58%. Mean AF duration was 5.2 ± 6.5 years. Follow-up included prospective evaluation at 1, 3 and 12 months, long-term monitoring and transthoracic echocardiography. Results. No mortality and no complications related to the ablation procedure occurred. One patient suffered a stroke at 12 months. In the concomitant group, rhythm was sinus/pacing without AF/AF in 65/16/19% at three months, and 59/22/19% at 12 months. Five patients received new pacemakers (12%). In the stand-alone group, 5/6 (83%) patients had sinus rhythm with no AF at three and 12 months. Overall, 35/43 patients (81%) had sinus/paced rhythm at 12 months with no AF and no anti-arrhythmic drugs. Echocardiography showed satisfactory results in all patients. Conclusions. The biatrial cryo-maze procedure is safe and effective in surgical patients with concomitant AF, and could be considered for selected patients with lone AF.