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Innervation of parasympathetic postganglionic neurons and bladder detrusor muscle directly after sacral root transection and repair using nerve transfer

This is a continuation of studies examining the effectiveness of root repairs and nerve transfers for bladder reinnervation. Our previous retrograde fluorogold tracing studies from the bladder to the spinal cord found regrowth of axons from the spinal cord through the nerve repair site to the bladder which was confirmed electrophysiologically [Ruggieri et al. J Neurotrauma 25:214–24, 2006]. The current study determines whether the pattern of axonal regrowth from the repaired nerves or roots to the bladder is different between the surgical reanastomosis methods.