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Long‐term effects of atenolol use on glycemia

There is good evidence that the antihypertensive drug atenolol can alter glycemic metabolism in patients. Although these reports offer insight into this undesirable side effect, there currently lacks sufficient information on glycemia over long‐term use of this beta‐blocker. For this reason, we designed a retrospective cohort study in which we measure glycemia in non‐obese patients before and after 6 months of treatment with atenolol (n=36) or a non‐diuretic antihypertensive drug (n=72). We observe that the incidence of hyperglycemia was 47,2% in the atenolol group and 15,3% in the control group after 6 months, which generated RR = 3,091, 95% CI [1,623 to 5,878], p <0,05. Although this increase is significant in the atenolol group, no case achieved glycemia levels that defined diabetes mellitus. However, we recommend that glycemia be measured, and if necessary, controlled during treatment with atenolol to avoid long‐term metabolic complications.