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INFLUENCE OF GENE TECHNOLOGY ON THE RANGE OF RISK ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

The development and application of new technologies demand simultaneously the development of appropriate new risk criteria. This trend is observable for chemical as well as nuclear technology, and seems to be even more powerful for gene technology, especially when such technology is applied in food production. The application of gene technology to this particular field poses questions about additional risk criteria, which were not considered before. These risk criteria may become the ground in some cases for the banning of products produced by gene technology, which accelerated considerably the process of incorporating public views in decision making. We consider in our work the influence of the issues that have become the focus of public discussion on the introduction of new elements in risk assessment related to food production and agriculture. For example, the application of recombinant bovine growth hormone for increasing the productivity of dairy cows is raising a number of questions related to risks from the intensification methods in husbandry (risks to animal health in particular), risks associated with the increased concentration of IgF-1 factor and its possible connection with breast and prostate cancer, finally, about social risks that may emerge for small farmers. Antibiotic resistance and allergenicity of genetically modified food and their role for the development of risk assessment techniques contribute to this study as well.