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Temperature Dependence in the Surface Treatment of Photoelectrode on the Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

The temperature dependence in the surface treatment of TiO2photoelectrode on the photovoltaic properties of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) was studied. A nanoporous TiO2electrode was modified with aqueous NaOH solution by simple dip coating process at varied temperatures and dipping time, and then applied to DSSCs. Throughout the optimization of surface-treatment temperature (40 °C) and time (10 min), we obtained a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.7% in DSSC with NaOH-modified TiO2layer, compared to that (6.81%) of reference device with bare TiO2. The enhancement in PCE was attributed to an increase in open circuit voltage due to a negative shift of conduction band edge, arising from the anion formation on TiO2surface.