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Rewiring the adolescent brain

Neuroscience
As children go through adolescence, many undergo profound and occasionally disruptive changes in behavior. How does this map onto changes in the developing brain? Using functional magnetic resonance imaging in healthy young people (14 to 26 years old), Vasa et al. observed two modes in functional connectivity between brain regions. By 14 years of age, conservative regions, often specialized for basic sensory and motor functions, are already strongly connected and consolidate further as an adolescent reaches adulthood. By contrast, disruptive regions, activated by complex tasks, show shifts in connectivity as a person transitions between the ages of 14 and 26. The disruptive maturation of connectivity between cortex and subcortex may reflect metabolic remodeling that underpins development of sophisticated adult faculties, such as socializing, mentalizing, and executive skills.

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 117 , 3248 (2020).