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A Critique of the Pregnancy Method in the Aftercare of Rape Victims

The proposal by Hamel and Panicola ' that emergency contraception be given to all rape victims in the emergency room who are not pregnant is called by them: "The Pregnancy Approach." The scientific rationale for the justification of this approach is seriously open to question. They state, for example, "Emergency Contraception may still act as a contraceptive even if administered after the LH surge. It does this by intelTupting the fertilization process."3 Since the process of conception has not completed in the first 24 hours, they infer that emergency contraception can be given to any woman who is seen in the first 24 hours after assault. This would comprise the majority of cases of reported rape. Is there a plausible justification for declaring this 24-hour free-fi)e zone? There is no evidence in the medical literature to suggest that emergency contraception "disrupts the fertilization process." Emergency contraception has no confirmed effect on the zygote or the process of conception during the first 24 hours. If there were such an effect, that is, if the hormones in the "morning after" pill were to be toxic to the zygote or its progressive development, such an effect would not be a contraceptive effect but rather an abortifacient effect. Once fertilization has taken place, even though it is followed by subsequent cell divisions or with the subsequent stages of the morula, blastula, or the implantation of the blastocyst, all interferences are, strictly speaking, not contraceptive but abortifacient. As stated by Dr. Ward Kischer3 past chairman of Human Embryology at the University of Arizona College of Medicine, "From the moment the sperm makes contact with the oocyte all subsequent development to the birth of the newborn is a fait accompli ."