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Understanding the Genetic Architecture and Gene Actions Involved in the Inheritance of Yellow Mosaic Disease and Other Yield Related Traits in Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]

Background: Yellow mosaic disease (YMD) transmitted by white fly, Bemisia tabaci is the most persistent and devastating biotic stress worldwide and in India resulting the reduced productivity of mungbean. At the same time the yield levels in mungbean reached a plateau, which emphasizes the importance of varieties with improved productivity.
Methods: In the present investigation, to address this urgent requirement of YMD resistant high yielding varieties, six-parameter model of generation mean analysis was employed for proper understanding of the genetic architecture and gene actions. Susceptible genotype MGG 385 was crossed with four resistant genotypes (LGG 607, LGG 630, WGG 42 and PM 5) to produce respective F1s (during rabi, 2018-19), BC1s, BC2s (during summer, 2019) and F2s (during kharif, 2019). These generations of the four crosses were evaluated for various yield related traits in rabi, 2019-20 and phenotyped for YMD in summer, 2020 at Lam, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh which is hotspot for YMD.
Result: The scaling tests and joint scaling test indicated the inadequacy of Additive-dominant model for all most all traits including YMD except for branches per plant and pods per cluster. The study revealed the importance of non-allelic interactions in the inheritance of majority of traits including YMD. Among the non-allelic interactions, [l] type of interaction is predominant. Further, the control of duplicate type of epistasis in the inheritance is evident at least in few crosses for all the traits (except grain yield per plant) that had inadequacy for additive-dominant model, which hinders the pace of the progress through selection. In presence of inter-allelic interaction with such duplicate type of epistasis, population approach in self-pollinated crops, which is similar to recurrent selection in cross pollinated crops or biparental mating followed by conventional selection in the later generations should be adopted for identifying desirable segregants.
