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Agricultural Input Subsidies: The Recent Malawi Experience by Ephraim Chirwa and Andrew Dorward Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013. Pp. 320. £55 (pbk)

explaining what happened during the genocide. He also makes interesting claims about the scale of Ugandan and American involvement, which could have been supported with more evidence. The most convincing arguments developed within this book are the criticisms Collins levies at those who characterise Rwandan genocidaires as obeying the orders of a group of Hutu Power elites. Omar McDoom’s recent work has added to existing work that shows that most people killed because they wanted to kill. However, in playing down the role of Hutu elites in organising violence, Collins has failed to recognise that many of the ‘Akazu’ and its supporters were able to legitimise such violence or even reward those who were violent. Collins has made no attempt at hiding his biases. He attempts to recast the RPF as the ‘bad’ guy, while even implying that leading figures in the Rwandan government in the s have been harshly treated. He also unfairly criticises the choices and testimonies of Alison Des Forges, a leading scholar who studied the Rwandan genocide. The activist tone in which this book has been written mirrors the choice of sources used. Though he may not have intended this, such choices imply that a preconceived argument has driven this research. Though there is much research that is impressive and some interesting empirical details, the logical details are not always well connected. Collins’ bias is evident both in the sources he uses and in the tone of his writing. This makes it difficult for many of the claims to be convincing. This book has been published two decades after the genocide. Its publication has also occurred at a time when many other critics of the current Rwandan government have chosen to voice their arguments that the RPFmay have shot down Habyarimana’s plane – an event which directly preceded the genocide. Like other critics, this book brings little new information forward (which is not free of bias). Though the counter-narrative that is developed is impressive, Collins would have been better served if he had developed a wider range of sources and conducted more interviews. It is important that dominant narratives are critically assessed. In the case of Rwanda, this remains important as certain actors may receive moral legitimacy because of their place within these narratives. Any new attempts at revising the narrative must recognise the diverse range of sources and evidence available to us. Interviewing and acknowledging the voices within the dominant narrative is also equally important.