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CURRENT STATUS OF PUTATIVE IMIDAZOLINE (I1) RECEPTORS AND RENAL MECHANISMS IN RELATION TO THEIR ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL

1. A ‘second generation’ of centrally acting antihypertensive agents has recently been developed. Unlike the ‘first generation’ of these agents (e.g. α‐methylodopa, clonidine, guanabenz), which act predominantly by an agonist action at α‐adrenoceptors, these agents (e.g. rilmenidine, moxonidine) are believed to exert their antihypertensive effects chiefly by an interaction at putative imidazoline (I) receptors of the I1‐type, and so have a reduced profile of α‐adrenoceptor‐mediated side effects. There is also evidence from studies in experimental animals that activation of I1‐receptors mediates a natriuretic effect. This review evaluates the evidence that they mediate renal effects different from those of α‐adrenoceptors that could contribute to their long‐term efficacy.