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Hepatocellular Carcinoma Biomarker Detection by Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor

Hepatocellular carcinoma is a one of the most common cancer in the world and the third cause of cancer-related death. The recommended screening test for patients are the detection of serum α-fetoprotein (AFP) levels and an abdominal ultrasound every 6 months to detect HCC. To inform stage of the diasease, we investigate the alpha fetoprotein (AFP) which is a major HCC biomarker by using surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) technique. SPR is an optical biosensor, nanoscale detectable and highly sensitive technique which is suitable for an early detection application. The interaction of anti-AFP antibody and AFP antigen was created via sandwich assay on carboxy dextran sensor surface. To get the enhancing signal, effect of electrostatics and binding capacity of immobilization were studied. Additionally, we found that the higher enhancing signal is done by superimposing of anti-IgG on the system. The result was shown that AFP concentration was measured in a range of the HCC biomarker with the detection limit of 50 ng/ml and 20 ng/ml by sandwich assay and an anti-IgG enhancement, respectively. Moreover, the serum testing was studied for deveopment in clinical diagnostic further.