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Monitoring post-fire recovery of various vegetation biomes using multi-wavelength satellite remote sensing

Abstract. Anthropogenic climate change is now considered to be one
of the main factors causing an increase in both the frequency and severity of
wildfires. These fires are prone to release substantial quantities of
CO2 into the atmosphere and to endanger natural ecosystems and
biodiversity. Depending on the ecosystem and climate regime, fires have
distinct triggering factors and impacts. To better analyse this phenomenon,
we investigated post-fire vegetation anomalies over different biomes, from
2012 to 2020. The study was performed using several remotely sensed
quantities ranging from visible–infrared vegetation indices (the enhanced
vegetation index (EVI)) to vegetation opacities obtained at several passive-microwave wavelengths (X-band, C-band, and L-band vegetation optical depth
(X-VOD, C-VOD, and L-VOD)), ranging from 2 to 20 cm. It was found that C-
and X-VOD are mostly sensitive to fire impact on low-vegetation areas (grass
and shrublands) or on tree leaves, while L-VOD depicts the fire
impact on tree trunks and branches better. As a consequence, L-VOD is probably a
better way of assessing fire impact on biomass. The study shows that L-VOD
can be used to monitor fire-affected areas as well as post-fire recovery,
especially over densely vegetated areas.
