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Aaron Halpern On the Placement and Morphology of Clitics, Stanford, CA, 1995. ISBN 1 881 52660 7, £17.95 (paperback). ISBN 1 881 52661 5, £35.00 (hardback)

Halpern's book is a contribution to a body of studies that assume that the phonology and distribution of "real" clitics can be accounted for entirely by phrasal rules. A result of this assumption is that some of the core cases of clitics have to be treated as something other than clitics. Zwicky (1987) observed that in phrases like (3) the morpheme pronounced " / s / " is realized once, but interpreted twice (haplology).