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Race Differences in Restaurant Tipping

Abstract Research on race differences in tipping suggests that (1) Blacks leave smaller average restaurant tips than doWhites, (2) Black-White differences in tipping persist after controlling for socio-economic status, (3) Blacks tip less than Whites even when provided comparable levels of service, (4) Blacks tip less than Whites even when the server is black, and (5) Blacks are less likely thanWhites to know that it is customary/ expected to tip 15 to 20% of the bill size in U.S. restaurants. The practical implications of these findings for restaurant managers, restaurant industry organizations, and restaurant chains are discussed. In general, those implications center on the need to educate Blacks about the 15 to 20% tipping norm.