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[Clinical significance of filiform structures (Lambls excrescences) on cusps of cardiac valves].

This literature review is devoted to clinical significance of filiform structures (Lambls excrescences) which can be revealed on cusps of cardiac valves by transesophageal echocardiography. The review contains analysis of frequency of detection of these structures at pathomorphological investigation and transesophageal echocardiography as well as consideration of their histological construction and mechanisms of formation. Special emphasis is made on mechanisms of related embolic complications and data on association of Lambls excrescences with strokes. Differential diagnosis of these structures and other pathological elements on heart valves is also presented.