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Comparison of oral and intravenous hydration strategies for the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing coronary angiography or angioplasty: a randomized clinical trial

Objective The effi cacy of oral hydration in the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing elective coronary intervention is unclear. Methods A total of 120 patients were randomly assigned to three groups. Group A (n = 40) received intravenous hydration before and after coronary angiography or angioplasty. Group B (n = 40) received oral tap water before and after the procedures, whereas group C (n = 40) received only postprocedural drinking water. Levels of serum creatinine and urea nitrogen were measured before, 12 hours after, 2 and 3 days after the coronary angiography or angioplasty. Results There was no statistically signifi cant diff erence in the age, sex, baseline renal function and the volume of contrast medium used during the coronary procedures among the three groups (P > 0.05). There was no statistically signifi cant diff erence in the mean serum creatinine or urea nitrogen among the three groups 12 hours, 2 and 3 days after the coronary procedures (P > 0.05). The incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy in group A, B and C was 5.0% (2/40), 7.5% (3/40) and 5.0% (2/40), respectively (P = 0.86). Renal function in the seven patients who experienced contrast-induced nephropathy recovered within a week following rehydration treatment. Conclusions Pre- and post-procedural oral hydration was as eff ective as intravenous rehydration in the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing coronary angiography or angioplasty.