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A Comparison of Rapid DTM Based Approaches for on-Demand Flood Inundation Mapping

Flood inundation mapping is very useful for both risk assessment and for providing situational awareness during an emergency. Flood modelling is often complex and requires many variables and parameters, which are often unavailable. In this paper, the capability of simplified flood models, relying exclusively on digital terrain models was explored for two study areas. Three simplified conceptual flood models were tested: (i) planar method (ii) inclined plane and (iii) height above nearest drainage network (HAND) model. The accuracy and performance of these models were evaluated using two criteria: inundation extent and computation time. Findings indicate the HAND model is the best predictor of inundation extent. Though the preprocessing time for the HAND model is lengthy, once completed, the time to simulate flood depth at a variety of water levels is rapid, making this model the most suitable choice for on-demand flood inundation mapping.