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PNAS Plus Significance Statements

Engineering nanoassemblies with uniform characteristic dimensions is of great interest given the unique properties of nanoscale building blocks and their collective response in superstructures. We present (pp. E3161–E3168) a generic, particle-based model that predicts the formation of self-limited, or “terminal,” supraparticle assemblies observed in many inorganic, colloidal, and biological systems. The key factor that leads to the self-limiting behavior is shown to be that the repulsion between particles becomes renormalized “on-the-fly” as the particles aggregate. The model explains the monodispersity of terminal assemblies formed from polydisperse nanoparticles, as observed in recent experiments. Our findings not only deepen the understanding of how self-limited, or terminal assemblies form, but also offer versatile approaches to control the dimension and shape of synthetic nanoassemblies.