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Water and Technological Politics in California

Water is one of life's givens. In its sustained absence, organic life on Earth is not possible. Apart from this imperative, these two atoms of hydrogen and one of oxygen have a special molecular angle and an electrical attractiveness that give the chemical so many of its wondrous and beneficial properties. Chemists see in it the universal solvent. Nuclear engineers see it as both blessing and bane: flowing water is an efficient medium for heat transfer in nuclear power plants, and for radiation blockage and dissipation when spent fuel rods are stored temporarily; but water's ubiquity in the ground undermines at every turn our society's attempts to provide for the permanent entombment of radioactive waste because of its tendency to percolate and move underground.