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All trans‐Retinoic Acid Mediates Wnt/β‐catenin Signaling through MED28 in Human Colon Cancer Cells

MED28 exhibits several cellular roles, including a Mediator subunit for transcription and an interactor with Grb2, Src kinases, actin cytoskeleton, and merlin. MED28 is also found highly expressed in breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers. All trans‐retinoic acid (ATRA), a family member of the essential nutrient vitamin A, has been used in the patients of acute promyelocytic leukemia and explored in the prevention and treatment of other types of cancer. Our laboratory previously showed that MED28 mediates Wnt/β‐catenin signaling in human colon cancer; the current study is to further investigate the effect of ATRA on MED28 in colorectal cancer. ATRA reduced the expression of MED28 in HCT116, HT29, SW480, and SW620 colon cancer cells. The transcriptional activity of the TOPflash reporter construct decreased upon ATRA treatment. Moreover, ATRA reduced the expression levels of cyclin D1 and c‐Myc. Our data indicate that ATRA exhibits a repressive effect on Wnt/β‐catenin signaling through MED28 in colorectal cancer.