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Leukemia Inhibitory Factor, Interleukin 6, and Other Cytokines Using the GP130 Transducing Receptor: Roles in Inflammation and Injury

Inflammation refers to a complex set of mechanisms by which tissues respond to injury and infection. Among the many soluble mediators associated with this process, cytokines are known to be crucial in regulating a variety of cellular and molecular events. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), interleukin 6 (IL‐6), IL‐11, and possibly other members of this cytokine family are key mediators in various inflammatory processes such as the acute‐phase reaction, tissue damage, and infection. These cytokines can act in both pro‐inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory ways, depending on a number of variables. We emphasize here recent work utilizing knockout mice, which has highlighted the roles of LIF and IL‐6, particularly in interactions between the immune and nervous systems.