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In-vitro Calcification Assessment of Bioprosthetic Heart Valves: Development and Validation of a Near-physiological Test Fluid

Objective: Calcification is a major failure mode of bioprosthetic heart valves. However, cost and time saving in vitro analyses of calcification potential are so far unreliable, mostly due to superficial or spontaneous precipitation of the applied fluids. In this study, we developed a near-physiological nonspontaneously precipitating fluid for an accelerated in vitro calcification assessment,and validated it by analyzing the calcification potential of two prosthetic materials.