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EyeQ: Practical Network Performance Isolation for the Multi-tenant Cloud

The shared multi-tenant nature of the cloud has raised serious concerns about its security and performance for high valued services. Of many shared resources like CPU, memory, etc., the network is pivotal for distributed applications. Benign, or perhaps malicious traffic interference between tenants can cause significant performance degradation that hurts performance of applications, and hence, impacts their revenue. Network performance isolation is particularly hard because of the distributed nature of the problem, and the short (few RTT) timescales at which they manifest themselves. This problem is further exacerbated by the large number of competing entities in the cloud, and their volatile traffic patterns. 
 
In this paper, we motivate the design of our system called EyeQ, with the goal of providing predictable network performance to tenants. The enabler for EyeQ is the availability of high bisection bandwidth in data centers. The key insight is that by leaving a headroom of (say) 10% of access link bandwidth, EyeQ simplifies dealing with potentially a global contention problem into one that is mostly local, at the sender and receiver. This allows EyeQ to enforce predictable network sharing completely at the end hosts, with minimum support from the physical network.