{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.035077630822311676, 'fraction_numerical': 0.022426682001150087, 'mean_word_length': 4.8193979933110365, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Propofol‐induced irreversible hair depigmentation: a case report

An 18-year-old white man was examined for hair discoloration occurring approximately 2 months after rhinoseptoplasty. Physical examination showed a yellowish, 2 cm band at the hair roots localized on the proximal portion of the parietal and frontal part of the scalp; the rest of the hair was black (Fig. 1a). Eyelashes, eyebrows, and body hair were black. He had no skin hypoor hyperpigmentation, and nails and mucous membranes were normal. The patient denied ever dyeing or bleaching his hair or taking recreational drugs and was otherwise in good health. Medical records of the hospitalization for rhinoseptoplasty showed administration of the following drugs: propofol (150 mg IV for induction followed by 100 lg/kg/min for 90 min), fentanyl (600 lg), ranitidine (50 mg), and cefazoline (2 g). After the hospital discharge, the patient was treated with amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid 825 mg/125 mg twice daily and paracetamol 1 g/daily for 1 week. Routine laboratory evaluation and thyroid function were within normal limits. After a follow-up of 6 months, a persistent 6-cm band of yellow discoloration of the hair was clearly visible (Fig. 1b). To examine the relationship between drug administration and hair depigmentation in our patient, we used the algorithm of Naranjo, which is a probability scale consisting of a series of 10 questions, each scored with a specific point value ranging from 1 to +2 (maximum score = 13). We applied the algorithm of Naranjo to each drug administered to the patient during and after surgery (Table 1). The highest score was obtained for propofol (7 = probable relationship); none of the other drugs received a score greater than 4.