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Detection, immunoabsorption, and inhibition of cytotoxic activity of anti‐αGal antibodies using newly developed substances with synthetic Gal α1–3Gal disaccharide epitopes

Abstract: The presence of naturally occurring anti‐Galα1–3Gal (anti‐αGal) antibodies in human serum is believed to be a major factor in the hyperacute rejection of discordant organ xenografts such as the pig‐to‐human combination. Galα1–3Gal epitopes are expressed on pig tissues and the binding of anti‐αGal leads to endothelial cell activation and complement‐mediated, hyperacute graft rejection. One possible method to overcome this problem is to absorb anti‐αGal antibodies from the plasma of the xenograft recipient using a suitable immunoabsorbent or to interfere with their binding to tissues and thus prevent their cytotoxic activity by the intravenous injection of soluble antigen. We describe here the use of new synthetic antigens containing the Galα1–3Gal disaccharide (Bdi) epitope. Soluble conjugates of the Bdi with polyacrylamide (PAA‐Bdi) were used as coating antigens for an anti‐αGal ELISA as well as for in vitro inhibition of the cytotoxicity of anti‐αGal. An immunoabsorbent consisting of PAA‐Bdi coupled to macroporous glass (Sorbent Bdi) was tested for absorption of anti‐αGal from human serum.