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Yeast complexes of urbanozems of some southern cities of Russia (Krasnodar, Maykop, Simferopol, Sochi)

Yeasts number and diversity in urban soils of Krasnodar, Maykop, Simferopol, and Sochi was investigated. The soils of botanical gardens and suburbans were studied as a control. Maximum number was found in the topsoil 0-20 cm in the urban soils of Sochi and Simferopol, where it was 5.7 ± 0.2 and 5.4 ± 0.01 lg(CFU/g), respectively. The minimum number, 2.0 ± 0.1 lg(CFU/g), was characteristic of a 60-80-cm layer in the suburban soils in all cities. The number of yeasts was shown to depend primarily on the depth and type of soil and to a lesser extent on location. A total of 20 yeast species were isolated. In the soils of the major tourist cities of Sochi and Simferopol, a high relative abundance of Candida sake and Meyerozyma guilliermondii was found, which fundamentally distinguished the studied soils from the ones of Krasnodar and Maykop. The cities of Sochi and Simferopol are characterized by a higher anthropogenic load compared to Krasnodar and Maykop, which is associated not only with their high population, but also with a significant tourist load. Detection in urban soils of C. sake and M. guilliermondii which are clinically significant species, was therefore consequential.