{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.01652089407191448, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 5.645161290322581, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Fault diagnosis for discrete systems with delayed outputs

Observer-based fault diagnosis approach is researched for discrete systems with delayed outputs in this note. To solve the difficulty of fault diagnosis caused by delayed outputs of discrete systems, a discrete delay-free transformation approach is presented for delayed outputs, and the problem of fault diagnosis for discrete systems with delayed outputs is transformed into the problem of state observation of a discrete delay-free augmented system by constructing an augmented system and doing the delay-free transformations. A novel observer-based fault diagnosis approach is presented, which is different from the traditional observer-based fault diagnosis approaches by using residual to embody faults. Compared with the traditional observer-based fault diagnosis approaches, the proposed fault diagnoser has the faster response speed and higher accuracy. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approaches are validated by a numerical example.