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Sustainable scenarios for Macao to expand its spatial tourism carrying capacity and to re-use heritage sites

: Macao is a small territory with a high-density population, with limited heritage sites often overcrowded by tourists and residents. Casino-oriented development and housing needs for a growing population can be an obstacle to heritage site preservation and green spaces. This study explored the feasible strategies and solutions to expand spatial heritage tourism carrying capacity by identifying the potential new land resources for heritage and for tourism. It was conducted by reviewing the relevant planning and policy documents, site surveys and observations, and data application onto the site map through AutoCad computer software to estimate the potential supply of more land areas and historical venues available to the public and to tourists. Results demonstrated how Macao could expand 189 percent of new land for tourism, almost doubling the existing tourism carrying capacity. Some measures for managing the capacity were also proposed. This study also contributes to the literature by understanding how Tourism Carrying Capacity (TCC) of a destination can be expanded, to increase a city’s physical/spatial capacity and make the city more environmentally friendly and sustainable