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Distributed Bayesian fault diagnosis of jump Markov systems in wireless sensor networks

A Bayesian distributed online change detection algorithm is proposed for monitoring a dynamical system by a wireless sensor network. The proposed solution relies on modelling the system dynamics by a jump Markov system with a finite set of states, including the abrupt change behaviour. For each discrete state, an observed system is assumed to evolve according to a state-space model. The collaborative strategy ensures the efficiency and the robustness of the data processing, while limiting the required communications bandwith. An efficient Rao-Blackwellised Collaborative Particle Filter (RB-CPF) is proposed to estimate the a posteriori probability of the discrete states of the observed systems. The Rao-Blackwellisation procedure combines a Sequential Monte-Carlo (SMC) filter with a bank of distributed Kalman filters. In order to prolong the sensor network lifetime, only few active (leader) nodes are selected according to a spatio-temporal selection protocol. This protocol is based on a trade-off between error propagation, communications constraints and information content complementarity of distributed data. Only sufficient statistics are communicated between leader nodes and their collaborators.