{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.016129032258064516, 'fraction_numerical': 0.002688172043010753, 'mean_word_length': 5.535087719298246, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Equating Between Linguistically Different Tests: Consequences for Assessment

The comparison of scores from linguistically different tests is a twofold matter: the adaptation of tests and the comparison of scores. These 2 aspects of measurement invariance intersect at the need to guarantee the psychometric equivalence between the original and adapted versions. In this study, the authors examined comparability in 2 stages. First, they conducted a thorough study of progressive factorial variance through which they defined an anchor test. Second, they defined an observed score-equated function to establish equivalences between the original test and the adapted test; they used a design of common item nonequivalent groups for this purpose.