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Neurology was there in 1848.

The year 1848 was a time of political volatility in Europe. Frequent revolutions pitted the working and middle classes against reactionary governments seeking to regain and sustain social, political, and economic privilege. In the United States, the American Medical Association (AMA), which had been founded 1 year earlier, sought to organize physicians and to establish standards of medical practice and medical education. Although not yet a specialty in the modern sense of the word, neurology was there. Schiller 1 has concluded that the antecedents, or roots, of neurology resided in the conception of an organ system having a unique structure and function. Also, observations regarding neural electrical activity and theories related to neurophysiology had been proposed. 2 Varieties of electrotherapy had been used for at least 100 years. 1 The gross morphological features and some of the basic anatomical characteristics of the central and peripheral nervous systems had been recognized. The morbid anatomy of the nervous system had been described by Boyd, 3,4 Carswell, 5 and Cruveilhier, 6 and texts dealing with “nervous system disease” had appeared. Medical specialization had begun with the segregation of patients with certain organ-specific diseases in special hospitals, a phenomenon most evident in the early 19th century in Paris, France. 7