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THE FRAMEWORK DESIGN FOR INCREASING SECURITY OF MULTI-MODAL BIOMETRIC AUTHENTICATION SYSTEM WITH DNN

– This research paper defines a multi-modal system for verification based on the biometric fusion of retina, finger vein and finger print recognition. We have proposed feature extraction in retina recognition model by using SIFT and MINUTIA feature extract at work in different levels.Security is the main concept in ATM (Automated Teller Machines) today. Multi-modal Biometrics are secured as compared to uni-modal biometrics as even if single trait destroys the other is present. The application of multi-modal biometrics can be ATM. The proposed work, adds three biometric traits of a user namely retina, fingerprint and finger veins by an implemented software, later these are pre-processed and combined (Fused) together for score level fusion approach used. Retina is selected as a biometric trait as no binary retina feature matches unless they are of the similar user also retina has a good vessel pattern making it a good verifying approach as compared to other biometric traits. Security is found in the system by multi-modal biometric fusion of retina with finger vein and finger print. Feature Extraction approach and cryptography is used in-order to achieve security. The feature extraction is done with the help of MINUTIA and SIFT algorithm which are then classified using Deep Neural Network(DNN). The feature key points or minutiae points are fused at score level using distance average and later matched.The experimental result evaluated using MATLAB 2013a, illustrates the important enhancement in the performance of multi-modal


I. INTRODUCTION
The multi-modal biometric is a combination of two or more biometric traits. As evaluated to uni-modal biometrics multi-modal biometrics more reliable as various traits are used [1]. Various biometrics optimize the false acceptance rate and mean square error rate. It is more secure as it become complicated for an attacker to copy various biometric traits of a person; hence more security is attained to the system. In real time example or application of multi-modal biometric can be in the security of ATM. The security is the major concept in ATM because PIN number could be easily hacked [2].
Biometrics can be considered as the quantity and analysis of biologic features of a user to consider his or her verification conclusively. It is not all physical biometric traits are acceptable for that matter. The major properties considered in case of the applications are acceptability, measurement, uniqueness etc. To obtain those properties, we consider two or more features of a single person to evaluate or confirm the ID of that single person [3]. The biometric fusion can be operated in four phases: i. Sensor Level ii.
Feature Level iii.
Decision Level and iv.
Score Level [4] Fusion at the scoring phase is normally used, as it gives the best trade-off between data richness and is easy to implement. To improve the performance in multi modal biometric fusion information and quality of information can prove to be of higher interest. Most of the researchers have analyzed the quality management in case of score level fusion with combination of various traits such as retina, fingerprint and finger veins, Iris and fingerprint, facial and retina etc [9,10] . In this proposed system, we work on multi-modal biometric traits i.e., retina, fingerprint and fingerveins. In retina and Vein recognition, we have implemented the scale invariant feature transform for feature extraction which gives us results in the form of key-points. In finger print recognition, we use minutia feature extraction algorithm to extract the unique features based on minutiae points. After that we apply the cryptography method to provide the security by using RSA algorithm [11]. We implement the score level fusion approach to provide security in the multi-modal biometric traits. Then, the fused features are saved in the database and classification approach to classify the features and performance evaluation is done using Deep Neural Network [12] .

II. RELATED WORK
"D. Jagadiswarya, D. Saraswady" [2016], [5] proposed Fused Multimodal systems which also have several advantages over unibiometric systems such as, enhanced verification accuracy, larger feature space to accommodate more focuses and higher safety against spoofing. The proposed improved multimodal authentication system is based on feature extraction (using fingerprint, retina and finger vein) and key generation (using RSA).

"Amioy Kumar, Ajay Kumar"[2015]
, [6] used score level fusion technique to design a secure adaptive biometric fusion. They used two different biometrics i.e; hand and eye. Extracted features were passed through score level fusion process and optimization was done with ACO algorithm. The training set was used to store various processed features and test various input samples. "R. Manjuand A. Shajinnargunam" [2016], [7] authors did a comparative study of various classifiers for secure authentication system called fusion. Authors did their research on three different biometric images. All the train and test samples were processed through salt and paper noise along with their filtration process. Filtered images processed through PCA algorithm for feature extraction process to minimize the input dataset with unique properties. Extracted features in this process passed through different classification techniques to form a comparative study on them.
"ShahendaSarhan, ShaabanAlhassan" [2016], [8] authors did a comparative study on different biometrics systems. In this study, the study on working of biometric systems is done on the basis of feature sets, training and testing of fused data. Authors worked with PCA algorithm for feature extraction and dataset generation. All the performance parameters are calculated on the basis of score level fusion and matching results of input samples to the dataset used by author in this research. Performance of various biometric databases is calculated through the detection accuracy of proposed approach in this research. Fingerprints show maximum accuracy in the overall results as 94.70% in this research.

III. SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
Step Step 2: After this, we implement the edge detection approach to calculate the edges in particular biometric model. Canny edge detector is also known as optimal edge detector, in which edges describe boundaries. Edge detection is of vital significance in image processing. Edges describe the area with robust intensity and contrast that is a jump in intensity from one pixel to another pixel. Edges detect the image significantly and filter out the useless information and reduces the amount of data.
Step 3: In this step, we implement the scale invariant feature transform in case of retina and finger veins and Minutiae feature extraction algorithm in case of fingerprints to extract the particular features from various biometric traits. The features are extracted in case of SIFT algorithm in the form of key-points. Minutia algorithm generates three images i.e, binary image, thin image and minutiae features represented in red and blue form.

Fig 1. Proposed Work
Step 4: We implement the score level fusion which is the fusion of the three biometric traits for authentication system. Each feature in the database is same as the fused data and and can be represented graphically.
Step 5: We implement the RSA algorithm for encrypting the information with the help of two prime numbers used. First, the public data is visible to every person but private data is not visible to any other person and a secret key is used to convert the public data into private data.
Step 6: In this step, we implement the classification algorithm i.e; deep neural network. This algorithm consists of an input and output layer in between which there is a hidden layer where all the data is classified and filtered and then passed to the output layer. This algorithm is used to classify the biometric authentication system and evaluate the performance parameters i.e (FAR, FRR, GAR and Accuracy).

Score Level Fusion
Step 7: Compare the performance parameters with the existing performance parameters i.e (FAR -False Acceptance rate and GAR-Genuine Acceptance Rate).

IV. RESULT EXPLANATION
This section determines the evaluated results of the proposed digital image processing concept for Biometric traits i.e; Retina, Finger Print and Finger Veins. The proposed image processing concept is implemented in MATLAB with GUI (Graphical User Interface).   The above figure 4 shows the edge detection technique using Canny property. In this property, the edges detect the maximum, minimum and average value of the gray scale image.Edge detection using Sobel technique is the detection of one at a time each value i.e; minimum, maximum and average value.  The above figure 7 shows the score level fusion used for fusion in case of multi-modal biometric system means using high security, merging three biometric traits and then fusing the three traits only if dataset equality is same.

Fig 8. Encrypted data
The above figure represents the encrypted data by using RSA algorithm taken out with the help of two prime numbers. The secret key is used to convert the data into private information and then to public information again. The above figure 10(i) and (ii) shows the false rejection rate which is the measure of the likelihood that the biometric security system will incorrectly reject an access attempt by an authorized user. A system's FRR typically is stated as the ratio of the number of false acceptances divided by the number of identification attempts.FAR, is the measure of the likelihood that the biometric security system will incorrectly accept an access attempt by an unauthorized user Above figure shows that the false acceptance rate, or FAR, is the measure of the likelihood that the biometric security system will incorrectly accept an access attempt by an unauthorized user. A system's FAR typically is stated as the ratio of the number of false rejections divided by the number of identification attempts.

V. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE
The score level fusion technique is used for the design of multimodal biometric traits such as fingerprint, retina and finger vein, which protects the multiple templates using RSA and DNN. It has been implemented using MATLAB R2013a. A realistic security analysis of the multimodal biometric cryptosystem has also been conducted using fingerprint, finger-vein and retina, which provide a remarkable improved performance in a multimodal biometric cryptosystem using RSA and DNN classification approach. This thesis has proposed verification system based on retina, fingerprint and finger vein recognition. In the proposed system a new technique is generated at score level fusion to increase the performance of the retina, fingerprint and finger veins recognition authentication system. In this multimodal system, feature extraction is  done using SIFT algorithm, RSA is used for encryption and DNN is used classification. The overall performance of multimodal system has increased with GAR by 98.9%, Accuracy value is 98.5% and reduced with FAR of 0.05%, which as compared to unimodal biometric systems is very high. Future work can be further extended by accurately modelling feature extraction techniques and using wavelet transformation approach and managing the database more effectively and evaluating the matching methodology and its performance of biometric system using different level of fusion with Fuzzy Interference system.