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Neuroprotective potential of chronic rapeseed oil diet evaluated by audiogenic seizures test in magnesium-deficient mice

The magnesium deficiency-dependent audiogenic seizures (MDDAS) test has been validated in adult mice fed for 25-32 days a synthetic 50 ppm Mg-containing diet, rich in omega6 fatty acids, brought by sunflower:corn (1:3) oils. In the present paper, we compared two groups of mice fed either the reference magnesium-deficient diet or a similar diet containing as exclusive lipid source the highly monounsaturated rapeseed oil rich in alphalinolenic acid. This omega 3 rich oil did not change the body weight gain or the magnesium concentration as compared to the omega 6 diet. In contrast, it did not induce the motor hyperactivity observed in the group fed sunflower:corn diet and significantly protected the mice both from audiogenic seizures (50% instead of 100%) and from death since all the convulsive mice survived in the omega 3 group as compared to 50% in the omega 6 group. The MDDAS pattern revealed an increase in the durations of the two first phases (latency and wild running) in the omega 3 group, suggesting that the neuroprotective effect would be mediated mainly through the Na voltage-gated channels. The seizure durations were unchanged whereas the recovery duration tended to decrease suggesting a possible slight antioxidant/anti-inflammatory potential of the rapeseed diet.