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Intellectual Globalization and Chinese Historians

INTELLECTUAL globalization is defined as the process in which intellectual views have been disseminated and shared globally and intellectuals of different nations have come into consistent contact with one another, directly or indirectly. In the case of Chinese historians, intellectual globalization means that they have been exposed to foreign, particularly Western historical theories and methodologies and consciously applied them to their historical studies. In this process, Chinese historians are not passively waiting for the coming of Western ideas. Instead, they have made active and conscious efforts to seek these ideas by such means as holding or attending international conferences, participating in exchange programs with Western countries, and most importantly, translating or introducing Western historical works. These activities have helped keep Chinese historians abreast with new trends of Western historical research. It is through these activities that various Western historical theories and methodologies have been introduced into China. The introduction of Western historical theories has had enormous impact on Chinese historians, broadening their academic horizons and prompting them to think about Chinese history from new perspectives. Many Chinese historians are eager to apply these Western theories to their studies of Chinese history. Their efforts in this regard have proved fruitful, evidenced by the rising and flourishing of new historical subfields (or new genres of history), among which social history, women's history, cultural history, and psychohistory are the most prominent. Partly due to the influence of the newly-introduced Western theories, Chinese historians, particularly those of the younger generations, have increasingly become uninterested in Marxist historical materialism, which used to be the orthodox guiding theory in Chinese historiography. The introduction and application of Western historical theories also has contributed to the depoliticization of Chinese historiography. Chinese historians have become more