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Female fertility, by population censuses.


 This article examines the trends in fertility in Serbia and Montenegro in Yugoslavia in decades between 1948 and 1981 by age, marital status, educational attainment, ethnic affiliation, and economic status. People born at the turn of the century, who reported data in 1981, gave birth to an average of 3.6 children. People born 25-30 years later had an average of 2.45 children. In Kosovo and Metohja provinces, fertility of older women was lower than younger women. 1991 Census data is incomplete, but tentative findings indicate that low natality regions continued to show fertility decline. The average number of live born children (LBC) among women older than 50 was smaller in 1991 compared to 1981. Montenegro cumulative fertility (CF) did not decline as fast as in low natality regions of Serbia and was higher than in Serbia and Vojvodina. CF was lowest among unmarried women in Montenegro compared to low natality regions of Serbia, and Kosovo and Metohja. Most women stopped bearing children by the age of 29 in Serbia and Vojvodina and by age 39 in Montenegro. The average number of LBC per women of reproductive age was about 2.3 live births per woman 35-49 years old in 1981, which was smaller than in earlier censuses. In Kosovo and Metohija, the LBC per woman 35-39 years old was 5.11 in 1981, which was larger than in earlier censuses. In 1991, evidence suggests that fertility decline slowed considerably in Serbia proper and Vojvodina at below 2.0. Childlessness and CF among women older than 50 varied by region. Less developed regions and Albanian, Muslim, and gypsy women had the highest fertility. The highest decrease in fertility was among women without any education. The negative relationship between fertility and education was weaker in low fertility regions and stronger in high fertility ones. The highest CF was among agricultural households.
