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Low-dropout voltage reference: An approach to buffered architectures with low sensitivity

A modified circuit topology for bandgap references capable of providing very high load current with output which has small sensitivity against temperature variations is presented. Employing a proportional-to-absolute-temperature (PTAT) current source and a complementary-to-absolute-temperature (CTAT) voltage source in a novel closed-loop configuration, the output voltage can be tuned over a wide range of voltages lower or higher than Silicon bandgap voltage of 1.2V. These features make the configuration a promising competitor for low-dropout regulators. Low-power and low-voltage design considerations of the circuit offering many advantages are addressed. With different specifications, two design examples in 0.18-yKm standard CMOS technology are reported. Thanks to a modified amplifier topology, the 0.9V and 1.3V bandgap references have fast stable operation for the load currents ranging from 0mA to 100mA with load capacitors as low as 10pF and no equivalent series resistance (ESR). Simulated values of the temperature coefficient for both design cases are smaller than 37ppm/oC.