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Energy Efficient Backbone Formation Using Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks

Connected dominating set (CDS) problem is a promising approach for backbone formation in wireless sensor networks. Selecting proper nodes to construct the CDS in order to prolong the network lifetime is an important issue when designing connected dominating set algorithms in wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we propose an energy efficient connected dominating set (CDS) scheme in wireless sensor networks which prolongs the network lifetime. In proposed algorithm, we use an optimal weight based on the minimum residual energy and maximum effective degree of nodes for backbone formation to prolong the network lifetime. The optimal weight coefficients are determined using particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Then, when selecting nodes for dominating set (DS) formation, these coefficients will be used. If the degree of a node is more than coefficient of degree constraint and energy of a node is less than coefficient of energy constraint, the node won't be selected for DS formation. The message and time complexity of the proposed algorithm is O(n). Simulation results show that proposed algorithm outperforms the other methods in terms of network lifetime.