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40.1: Invited Paper: Electrically Suppressed Helix Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals (FLCD) for modern LCDs

The latest demand of the community, which has changed dramatically in recent time, includes highresolution displays (i.e. close to the human eye limits), low power consumption and undoubtedly the costeffective display and photonic devices. It is a big challenge for both scientists and engineers. [1-10] The ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC), because of the fast switching speed and low power consumption, is considered to be one of the potential candidates to serve as a building block for the modern devices. However, these structures are less popular among the research and industrial regime because of several limitations. Recently, we have shown that photoalignment can be used to improve all the characteristics of FLCs. [6] Additionally, photoalignment provides a good balance between the anchoring energy and elastic energy of the helix of the FLC. The balanced energy with optimized material offers helix unwinding only in the presence of an electric field which results in a defect-free optical state. This electro-optical mode is called as electrically suppressed helix FLCs (ESHFLCs) and show a high contrast ratio of >10K: 1, fast response time (<100s), and good mechanical stability. The ESHFLC mode has many advantages over the conventional FLCs viz. no geometrical defects, and shock stability. [9-10] These advantages together with the inherent merits of FLC such as fast response (~10 μs at 6.66V/μm), low driving voltage makes ESHFLCs a potential candidate for the FSC and highresolution displays applications. The FSC based on the ESHFLC can find applications in emerging virtual reality and next generation of high resolution LCDs. In this article, we illustrate the application the ESHFLCs in micro-displays and TFT panel. Both of these applications have their own challenges and requirement. The Micro-displays need small driving voltage in order to meet the higher display resolution. TFT panel, on the other hand is limited by the electron mobility. In this article, we have revealed the two prototypes for both of these display regimes based on the ESHFLCs.