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An enlightening year in vascular biology.

DOI:10.1097/MOH.0000000000000340 This has been an exceptional year for advances in the vascular biology area. Progress in our understanding of angiogenesis, inflammation and endothelial cell responses and signaling have all been realized. We are fortunate that many of the leaders of these discoveries have contributed manuscripts for the Vascular Biology section of Current Opinion in Hematology. These thought-leaders provide unique perspective on developments that have and may continue to shape the future of vascular biology. The topics covered by the seven articles in this edition range from very basic considerations of gene regulation, metabolism and signaling pathways in endothelial cells, to lymphocyte adhesion to endothelium, to the mechanisms of vascular diseases and to up-to-date strategies to treat vascular diseases. The contributions in this issue touch upon a variety of human diseases, including atherosclerosis in its various stages of development, deep vein thrombosis, hemorrhage, cancer and tumor growth, cerebral vascular disease and hypertension. This partial listing represents a truly broad swath of pathologies and hence this issue has a very clinically relevant orientation. At the same time, the basic and translational research described in these articles not only provide insights into the underlying mechanisms but also identify specific targets to treat vascular diseases. I briefly highlight one or two key take-away points from each article in this issue, but, at the same time, I emphasize that the articles should be read directly. They are all very readable and will be informative to both the seasoned vascular biologist and to the neophyte entering the area. Chang et al. (pp. 224–229) provide an article on the role of Kr€ uppel-like factors (KLFs) in endothelial cell biology. Four members of the KLF family are present in endothelial cell, and their expression is influenced by shear stress and certain miRNAs. Changes in expression of KLFs influence susceptibility to atherogenesis and the prothrombotic and antithrombotic status of the endothelium. Badimon and Borrell-Pages (pp. 230–239) update us on the role of Wnt signaling in the vessel wall. Wnt signaling, both canonical involving b-catenin and noncononical pathways, participates in the early, intermediate and late stages of