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The First Implanted Tachycardia‐Terminating Pacemaker

"The wave ran all the way around the ring and then continued to circulate going around about twice a second. After this had continued for 2 minutes extra stimuli were thrown in. After several attempts the wave was stopped. The preparation then remained at rest for 10 minutes. The circulating excitation was again started in the same way as before. This time there was considerable difficulty in stopping the wave. A number of attempts caused slowing of the wave in its passage over part of the course, but failed to arrest it. Presently a single stimulus was so timed as to arrest the wave. The preparation then remained absolutely quiescent. There was no sign of 'automatic' rhythm throughout this experiment." In 1914, Mines described circulating excitations based on experiments using rings of atrial tissue from the heart of the dog-fish.̂