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Integrated quantum information science with photons

Quantum information science has shown that harnessing quantum mechanical effects can dramatically improve performance for certain tasks in communication, computation and measurement. Already a number of photonic quantum circuits [1] have been realized for quantum metrology, lithography and quantum logic gates. However, these demonstrations have relied on large-scale (bulk) optical elements bolted to large optical tables, thereby making them inherently unscalable and confining them to the research laboratory. We report the implementation of quantum optic integrated circuits, which not only dramatically reduces the footprint of quantum circuits, but allows unprecedented stability and control of the optical path length; this reveals the possibility for realizing previously unfeasible large scale quantum circuits.