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Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in anaesthesia and intensive care.

Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) was introduced in 1982 by Aaslid and colleagues 5 as a non-invasive technique for monitoring blood flow velocity (FV) in the basal cerebral arteries. It is now increasingly being used in anaesthesia and intensive care for research as well as in clinical practice. The purpose of this review is to present: the basic concepts of TCD; the current status of the information obtained; its use of assessment of vascular reactivity; and applications in anaesthesia and intensive care.