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Modulated Terahertz Transmission through Sub-Wavelength Cu Grating by Liquid Water

Submerging the sub-wavelength Cu wire grating in liquid water, we prove that the transmission ration can be changed pronouncedly from 0.1 THz to 1.7 THz. The modulation of terahertz responses by liquid water is explained by the increasing effective electron mass in the plasmon picture. Due to this response, we extract the index of liquid water, and our results provide a potential application of using metal grating to detect real solvated condition biomaterials in the THz frequency range.