{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.044470450555880635, 'fraction_numerical': 0.017554125219426564, 'mean_word_length': 5.812749003984064, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Effects of Selected Resveratrol Analogs on Activation and Polarization of Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV-2 Microglial Cells.

IIncreasing health promoting effects of resveratrol and its molecular structural analogs have been discovered and acting mechanism explored. However, the activity comparison in targeting macrophage-related inflammation associated with neurodegenerative diseases remains untouched. In this study, we evaluated activation and polarization transition of LPS-stimulated BV-2 mouse microglial macrophages exposed to resveratrol (RES) and its analogs pterostilbene (PTE), oxyresveratrol (ORES), acetyl-trans-resveratrol (ARES), and trans-2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene -2-O-glucopyranoside (TSG). At 10 µM,all the five stilbene compounds have effectively suppressed LPS-stimulated BV-2 cell release of pro-inflammatory media such as NO, TNF-α, iNOS, IL-1β and IL-6. Mechanism study elucidated that they exert anti-inflammatory effects through MAPKs (ERK1/2, JNK, and p38) and NF-κB signaling pathways. Further investigation in treating BV-2 cells with resveratrol and its analogs revealed the reversal of LPS-induced phenotype molecules from M1 (iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6 and CD86) to M2 (Arg1, CD163, and IL-10) subtypes, manifesting that these five stilbenes suppressed inflammation through modulating the polarized phenotypes of BV-2 microglia. Most importantly, PTE demonstrated the most potent inhibitory activity among these five stilbene compounds. Therefore, this study not only highlights microglia-induced inflammatory responses as a potential therapeutic target, but also suggests future insights in considering the options of nutraceutical development for resveratrol and its analogs.