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No improvement in male‐pattern hair loss using laser hair‐comb therapy: a 6‐month, half‐head, assessor‐blinded investigation in two men

less common defects have also been described, including ameloblastoma, meningioma or congenital hydrocephalus. The association between NBCCS and ameloblastoma is extremely rare, with only four cases reported in the literature to date. Within these four cases of NBCCS with ameloblastoma, there was a female predilection, and the age range was 14–57 years. The tumours have a predilection for the maxilla (four cases with tumours in the maxilla, including ours, versus one case with tumours in the mandible). To our knowledge, only 13 other patients with NBCCS who developed meningiomas have been reported. In these cases, NBCCS with meningioma was more common in male patients, with an age range of 18–64 years. Patients who had received craniospinal radiation had a higher incidence of development of multiple meningiomas (83%) than patients who had not received such radiation (12.5%). Congenital hydrocephalus is also an infrequent feature in NBCCS. The association was confirmed by Lycka and Chichak in 1985, who found a slight male predominance and family history of hydrocephalus in approximately half of these patients. In this family, we found a novel missense mutation in exon 8 of the PTCH1 gene, which is located on the transmembrane domain of the Patched receptor. Other mutations in exon 8 have been previously described, leading to a wide range of clinical features. Nevertheless, no cases of ameloblastoma, meningioma or congenital hydrocephalus have as yet been identified, indicating that we are still far from making a consistent genotype– phenotype correlation. Apart from the typical features of NBCCS, other less common features should be kept in mind, as they can be an important source of morbidity in these patients.