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Exchange of employees, prototypes and use of electronic media in product development collaboration

In a Danish survey of 1022 manufacturing firms, 531 had developed one or more products in collaboration during 1995-97. Among them, 283 gave detailed descriptions of three media used in exchange with the partners involved in their most important collaborative development projects. Use of three media -exchange of employees, prototypes and use of electronic media- were analysed for each dyad in relation to a number of characteristics in the focal firm, the project, and the partner. The study shows a coincidence between the use of the three media. The proposition that the media complement each other with different abilities to convey information and to contribute to the process of transforming information into knowledge is discussed.