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Glycemic Index, post‐meal ghrelin, mood and food reinforcement

Some believe that high glycemic index (GI) foods promote over‐eating. We compared two all CHO meals matched for caloric content but differing in GI (Lo GI:≤40; Hi GI:≥70) for their effect on post‐prandial ghrelin, mood and food reinforcement (measured in a computerized operant task). The two meals were served on different days. In Protocol 1, seven Ss (4 lean and 3 obese) had blood drawn 6 times, rated mood and had no access to additional food for 4 hrs after consuming the meals. Both the Hi and the Lo GI meal caused an increase in glucose at 30 minutes but there was no significant difference in response between the meals (37.2 mg/dl ± 26, 38.2 ± 40, respectively, p = .96). Both meals produced an equivalent percent drop in ghrelin (25 ± 13, 28 ± 11, p =.51). Food reinforced break point was 0 for both meals and mood didn't differ over the 4 hours. In Protocol 2, 3 Ss (to date) ate the same meals but had access to additional food after 2 hours. Two out of 3 Ss chose additional food with no difference in the break point between the meals. Mood scores 2–4 hours after the Lo GI meal were significantly higher in Protocol 2 than Protocol 1 (F = 5.9, p =.045). This preliminary data suggests that there is no effect of glycemic index on post‐prandial ghrelin decrease or food reinforcement after a meal of equal carbohydrate and caloric content.