{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.01793103448275862, 'fraction_numerical': 0.01310344827586207, 'mean_word_length': 5.308695652173913, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
The Effect of Carboxymethyl Cellulose from Various Agriculture Wastes on the Viscosity and Physical Properties of Low Concentration Solution of Surfactant

The goal of this work was the synthesis and the improvement of viscosity of surfactant with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) from different types of agriculture wastes to reduce a quantity of wastes. Cavendish banana peels, corn silk and bagasse as agricultural wastes were selected to synthesis CMC by extraction with NaOH to cellulose. Then cellulose was modified by reacting with monochloroacetic acid to obtain CMC which was investigated the functional group by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR). Moreover, a 0.5 wt% of synthesized CMC was prepared in 14 wt% of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) solution to estimate viscosity by rotational viscometer, transparency by visible spectrophotometer and stability by observation, comparing with commercial thickener (PEG400). The results showed that CMCs of all three agriculture wastes can increase the viscosity of the surfactant solution and more increase than solution with PEG400. The SLS solution containing the CMC of corn silk provided the highest viscosity of 22.4 Cp by rotation speed of 250 rpm. However, the values of transparency and stability of surfactant solution with CMCs are slightly lower than that of solution with PEG400, except for the addition of CMC from bagasse, it was precipitated in yellow color in a short time.