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Utilizing Automatic Speech Recognition to Improve Deaf Accessibility on the Web

Internet technologies have expanded rapidly over the past two decades, making information of all sorts more readily available. It has created a shift from paper-based media toward electronic media, e-mail, online news, and online videos. Not only they are more cost-effective than traditional media, these new media have contributed to quality and convenience. However, proliferation of video and audio media on the internet creates an inadvertent disadvantage for deaf internet users. Despite technological and legislative milestones in recent decades in making television and movies more accessible, there has been little progress with online access. A major obstacle to providing captions for internet media is the high cost of captioning and transcribing services. It is virtually impossible to manually caption every single video or audio clip on internet due to the staggering cost. A possible alternative lies in automatic speech recognition (ASR). This paper investigates possible solutions to Web accessibility through utilization of ASR technologies. It surveys previous studies that employ visualization and ASR to determine their effectiveness in the context of deaf accessibility.