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Citizenship in Latin America: New Works and Debates

Latin America has often been stereotypically described as a bundle of malfunctioning polities, with failing institutions that discouraged citizens’ participation or curtailed their entitlements. In part, an image such as this reflected periods of authoritarian and military dictatorships, which reinforced a perceptive bias in some sectors of the core countries of Europe and the United States, ignoring or caricaturing Latin America. Yet, in part, such image reflected Latin Americans’ own sense of unfulfilled expectations and disenchantment. Those arose when they compared the workings of their institutions with the images of those same institutions in the core Western countries. This outlook had and has much to do with the dependent pattern of development of countries south of the Rio Grande, their peripheral position in the world order and their cultural dependency on Western ideas and models. While alluding to the crucial problem of disjuncture between formal principles and practices in the region, such a bias prevented a systematic analysis of the historical and contemporary paths of citizenship developing there. While these perspectives can still be found, the past decade has opened wide space for novel introspection and systematic analysis, witnessing the publication of works that shed