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Comparison of Questionnaire-Based and Serological Screening for Natural Latex Allergy in Children with Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction

Objective: We evaluated the prevalence of sensitization to natural latex in children with congenital neurogenic bladder dysfunction by patient history and serological examinations. Method: 50 consecutive children aged from 6 months to 17 years were included into the study which comprised questionnaires of patient and family histories, serological screening tests for common inhalational allergens (CAP SX1), and determination of total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and of latex-specific serum IgE by solid-phase immunoassays. Results: 5 children had a history of allergic reactions to natural latex; a history of atopic disposition or allergic reactions other than to latex was present in 16 children. In 10 children, latex-specific IgE levels were elevated: >0.35 kU/l; 6 out of these 10 children had no history of allergic reactions to latex. Elevated latex-specific IgE values were statistically correlated with the number of past operations (p < 0.006) and a history of atopic or allergic reactions (p < 0.0067). Clean intermittent catheterization, however, was not associated with an increased risk of latex allergy (p = 0.408). Conclusion: When screening children with congenital neurogenic bladder dysfunction for sensitization to natural latex, serological examinations of latex-specific IgE in addition to patient history may better identify patients at risk.