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Interpreting Japanese Head-Internal Relative Clauses

Japanese has both head-external and head-internal relative clauses (HERC & HIRC). Example (1a) shows a standard HERC. In contrast, the HIRC in (1b) has the form of an independent sentence, the bold-faced head occurring inside the relative, and it is followed by the complementizer -no and a case morpheme that relates the internal head to the matrix verb. A core question is what the interpretation of HIRCs is. How is their meaning computed compositionally, and how does this account for their differences with HERCs?