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Sociological Implications of Multi-Level Planning

DEVELOPMENT which is the end-product of planning, is undertaken to improve the quality of life of the citizens. The problem, however, is that development is often conceived mostly in terms of mobilization or allocation of physical resources. The human factors in the improvement of the quality of life of a citizen are either overlooked by default or have a low pri01ity. The emphasis on economic factors in the planning process is only one of the factors that is of concern to sociologists. Some sociologists have basically questioned planning as a means to bring about change. One termed it 'absurd effort to make the world over', while another contended that it is a 'futilitarian view of social change'. Other sociologists have felt that it is possible to plan for the future. One of them goes to the extent of saying that creative manipulation of society is not only possible but necessary. He further asserts that this manipulation is possible within a democratic framework.