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Colour me blue: chromoendoscopy and advanced detection methods in ulcerative colitis

Introduction Surveillance colonoscopy is recommended in patients with long standing ulcerative colitis or Crohn's colitis. Chromoendoscopy is the main technique for increased detection of colitis-associated dysplasia. However, the recommendation was made on the basis of studies using standard definition colonoscopes. Purpose of review This review highlights randomized controlled trials and meta-analysis, which were published between 2018 and 2021 with the focus of conventional chromoendoscopy, virtual chromoendoscopy and high-definition imaging. In addition, studies investigating the value of random biopsies were also evaluated. Recent findings Chromoendoscopy increases the total number of colitis-associated dysplasia even by using high-definition colonoscopes. However, the procedure time is prolonged and there is no significant difference in the diagnostic yield of high definition alone and high definition with chromoendoscopy. Virtual chromoendoscopy seems not to develop a role for surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Summary High-definition colonoscopy and conventional chromoendoscopy are key techniques for surveillance in IBD.