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Role of adrenoceptors in the proximal urethral function of female and male rabbits using an in vivo model of isovolumetric pressure generation

The role of alpha‐1 and alpha‐2 adrenoceptors in the contractile response of the proximal urethra to agonists and antagonists was studies in female and male New Zealand White rabbits. The response pattern for alpha‐1 agonists showed a sharp rise, while that for alpha‐2 agonists showed a gradual increase to a maximum pressure. The duration of the response of alpha‐2 agonists was significantly longer than that of alpha‐1 agonists. A difference in the response between alpha‐1 and alpha‐2 would be produced mainly through different receptor functions. The magnitude of the response of alpha‐1 adrenoceptors in the male rabbits was almost twice that of the female rabbits. In contrast, the response of alpha‐2 in the male rabbits was less than that of the female rabbits. Our experimental findings indicate that alpha‐2 stimulation mediates a slow and prolonged response that is essential for urinary continence in female rabbits. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.