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Persistent lung shadow in an infant with ventricular septal defect and partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection associated with pulmonary venous obstruction

Preoperative diagnosis of this combination is sometimes challenging: previous cases are reported in the postoperative or postmortem studies. We here report on an infant with a rare association of congenital PVO, ventricular septal defect (VSD), and partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC), which was diagnosed preoperatively in the work-up of failure to thrive and persistent infi ltrated lung shadow.