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Production of Interferon‐α/β by Murine Dendritic Cell Lines Stimulated by Virus and Bacteria

The interferon‐α and ‐β (IFN‐α/β) producing ability of the two murine dendritic cell (DC) lines D2SC/1 and FSDC was studied. The D2SC/1 cells produced IFN‐α and ‐β when stimulated by herpes simplex virus (HSV), Sendai virus (SV) or by the bacteria Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I. Precultivating (priming) D2SC/1 cells with recombinant IFN‐β or a combination of IFN‐β and granulocyte–macrophage colony‐stimulating factor increased production of IFN‐α/β induced by HSV or the bacteria, but not by SV. Also, the kinetics of IFN‐α/β responses were different for SV compared to HSV and the bacteria, suggesting different induction mechanisms. The FSDC cells differed from the D2SC/1 cells mainly in that predominantly IFN‐β was produced, that little or no IFN‐α/β production was induced by the bacteria, and that the IFN‐α/β responses were most efficiently primed by IFN‐γ. Priming the DC lines with tumour necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) or IL‐4 did not affect the IFN‐α/β response induced by HSV. The results show that the two DC lines provide a convenient tool to study the induction and control of the IFN‐α/β response, as well as the immunoregulatory role of IFN‐α/β produced by DC.