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Cap polyposis in a child: A rare cause of rectal bleeding

Inflammatory cap polyposis (CP) is a uncommon, non-malignant condition characterized by the presence of sessile and pedunculated polyps in the colon and rectum. The histology of these polyps reveals a “cap” of inflammatory granulation tissue with fibrinopurulent exudate that covers the polyps, hence the name “inflammatory cap polyposis”. The pathogenesis of this non-malignant condition is poorly understood and while several associations have been made, causality has yet to be elucidated. The mainstay of initial treatment is conservative, however complicated and refractory cases usually benefit from endoscopic or surgical intervention followed by close surveillance for disease recurrence and progression. We present a 12 yr old girl with a large cap polyposis which was resected successfully by EMR and literature review.