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THE CRIMEAN WAR AS A CONFLICT OF CIVILIZATIONS: THE FOCUS OF CRIMEA IN THE CIVILIZATION AND VALUE DIMENSION OF RUSSIAN HISTORY

This article aims to consider the history of Crimea from the perspective of the civilizational dimension of the world and Russian historical process. The special role of the Crimean peninsula as a special intercivilizational buffer is indicated. It determines a special paradigm of relations. Using Crimea as an example, the article reveals a special phenomenon of the «war of civilizations» with their illustration in the history of Russia. The Crimean War is considered as a direct example of the clash of civilization. The cognitive potentials of rethinking the Crimean War as a civilizational conflict are given. It is stressed that the Russian civilization opposed the civilizations of Europe and the Ottoman Empire. Finally it is em-phasised that the applied methodology allows to revise a number of historiographic and discursive stereotypes and myths of public consciousness that have developed in relation to the Crimean War. The special civilization-forming axial significance of Crimea for the civilizational history of Russia is shown.