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Ant Lion Optimization Based OPF Solution Incorporating Wind Turbines and Carbon Emissions

The electric industry is highly concerned about greenhouse gas emissions from conventional energy sources. As this becomes a global issue, and in the competitive nature of the electricity market, it becomes critical to prioritize renew-able energy sources due to the environmental and other social issues associated with conventional generation. Thus, this paper presents the formulation of an optimal power flow (OPF) problem that incorporates wind turbines (WT) and carbon emissions in order to optimally schedule, plan, and operate thermal generators using the ant lion optimization technique. The OPF problem is incorporating the anticipated active power generation from WT based on real-time measurements and probabilistic wind speed models. The results are assessed in terms of operational costs, voltage profile, and system-wide transmission power losses. On the modified IEEE 30-bus, the OPF technique and solution methodology is validated.