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Biosynthesis of N‐Acetyldopamine and N‐Acetyloctopamine by Schistocerca gregaria Nervous Tissue

Abstract: N‐Acetyltyramine, N‐acetyldopamine and N‐acetyloctopamine were the major products when either L‐[3H]tyrosine or [3H]tyramine were incubated with thoracic ganglia of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria. No label was incorporated into L‐DOPA under these conditions, although 2–3% of the radioactivity could be recovered in dopamine and octopamine. Addition of the aromatic amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor, 3‐hydroxybenzylhydrazine (NSD 1015), prevented the formation of N‐acetylcompounds from L‐[3H]tyrosine, without resulting in an accumulation of label in L‐DOPA. In contrast, incubation of samples of haemolymph with L‐[3H]tyrosine resulted in the recovery of 7% of label in L‐DOPA, which was increased to 17% in the presence of NSD 1015. These results provide evidence that the initial step in the synthesis of dopamine and octopamine by S. gregaria nervous tissue is the conversion of L‐tyrosine to tyramine, which is subsequently metabolised to N‐acetyltyramine, N‐acetyldopamine or N‐acetyloctopamine.