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The treatment of infantile embryonal carcinoma (Yolk-Sac Tumour) of the testis in children.

The case histories of five patients with an infantile embryonal carcinoma are presented. Personal observations and data from the literature indicate that treatment of this tumour is dependent on the patient's age. Non-operative staging is possible under age 1 (alpha 1-foetoprotein and CT-scan). Staging should include a laparotomy in patients aged between 1 and 2 years. Under age 2, retroperitoneal lymph node dissection is indicated only if metastases are demonstrable. From age 2 on, retroperitoneal lymph node dissection should be performed if possible: unilaterally in the absence, and bilaterally in the presence of retroperitoneal metastases. Chemotherapy is required only in cases with metastases. Radiotherapy is not indicated in the treatment of infantile embryonal carcinoma.