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Hot-Air Drying Characteristics of Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) and Its Rehydration Properties

Drying is one of the most common methods for processing and preserving sea cucumber. Based on the research of pretreatment and drying process, this paper develops a dried sea cucumber product that can be quickly rehydrated in only 8 hours. By setting the pretreatment at heated water temperature of 80°C and the drying temperature from 30°C to 60°C, the fitting model is found by comparing empirical formulas and artificial neural networks. The ANN-based model was demonstrated to fit the experimental data for the adequate drying of sea cucumber. Following the increased drying temperature, the drying time was decreased and the rehydration ratio was increased. The sensory evaluation and texture properties dried at 40°C and 50°C were much better than those dried at 30°C and 60°C. Microstructure of rehydrated dried sample showed that increasing the temperature leads to the increase of fiber pore space, and the rehydration rate increases. The results of drying time and the rehydration properties of sea cucumber showed that 50°C is the best drying condition for hot-air drying of sea cucumber. The developed rapid rehydration dried sea cucumber can effectively simplify the rehydration time and steps of the dried sea cucumber and improve the quality of the sea cucumber, and it is considered to be a good technology for drying the sea cucumber and making a fast rehydration dried sea cucumber that can be further used for value-added product.