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Analytical and Numerical Investigation of Silicon Photonic 2D Grating Couplers with a Waveguide-to-Grating Shear Angle

Silicon photonic 2D grating couplers with a waveguide-to-grating shear angle are analytically and numerically analyzed. The dependence of the radiation pattern on the grating geometry is represented by a 2D diffraction condition. This relationship is used to model and simulate various structures. Numerical results from full-3D time-domain simulations are used to discuss issues concerning the coupling loss optimization.