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TiO2-Loaded WO3 Composite Films for Enhancement of Photocurrent Density

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) loaded tungsten trioxide (WO3) composite films are prepared by an E-beam vapor system. Associated with the existence of a heterojunction at the interface of TiO2 and WO3, the prepared TiO2-WO3 composite film shows enhanced photocurrent density, four times than the pure WO3 film illuminated under xenon lamp, and higher incident-photon-to-current conversion efficiency. By varying the initial TiO2 film thickness, such composite structures could be optimized to obtain the highest photocurrent density. We believe that thin TiO2 films improve the light response and increase the surface roughness of WO3 films. Furthermore, the existence of the heterojunction results in the efficient charge carriers’ separation, transfer process, and a lower recombination of electron-hole pairs, which is beneficial for the enhancement of photocurrent density.