{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.018043025676613464, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 5.495495495495495, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Optimal speed synchronization control for clutchless AMT systems in electric vehicles with preview actions

In this paper, we investigate the speed synchronization optimal controller design problem for clutchless automatic manual transmission (AMT) systems in electric vehicles. It is well known that the speed synchronization is one of the main challenges in transmission control systems. In electric vehicles, the clutchless AMT system is regarded as the most promising transmission device and it generally requires a high-precision speed synchronization capability. In order to satisfy this requirement, we propose a robust optimal speed synchronization control scheme in this paper. The control law consists of the preview control, the integral control, and the state-feedback control. Using an augmentation method, the proposed controller design problem is transformed into a state-feedback design problem for the augmented system first. As the external input is involved in the augmented system, we employ the H∞ control scheme to minimize the effect of the disturbance to the controlled output. In addition, to tradeoff between the transient response and the maximal control effort, the linear quadratic cost function and the pole placement technique are also adopted. Finally, the controller gains are calculated by solving the linear matrix inequality. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed control approach.