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THE CHEMISTRY AND HPLC ANALYSIS OF CHEMICAL SUNSCREEN FILTERS IN SUNSCREENS AND COSMETICS

Outdoor activities are enjoyed by many people. However, exposure to sunlight can have good and bad effects on the skin and health. While sunlight helps with the formation of vitamin D, it also contributes towards premature aging and skin cancer. Recently, the public has become more aware of these effects. Therefore, the development of effective sunscreens is very important since they allow people to spend a longer time in the sun while reducing the adverse effects.(1,2) The optical region of the solar spectrum consists of ultraviolet (UV), visible, and infrared (IR) radiation. The UV region has the highest energy and is responsible for the damage caused to skin and hair.(3) The UV region is divided into UVA (320-400nm), UVB (290-320nm), and UVC (200-290) nm. UVC, with the highest energy, is the most dangerous but is absorbed before it reaches the earth.(2,4) The wavelength of the light incident on the skin affects the depth to which the radiation penetrates and how much it penetrates. Between 300 to 350 nm only about 20% passes the epidermis (outer layer of the skin), increasing to 80% at 550 nm(5) (Fig. 1). UVB light contributes towards sunburn and has been