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An Ontological Analysis of Fault Process and Category of Faults

In an interactive system for problem solving, its transparency concerning capability and limitation is critical for ease of understanding to facilitate the utility of the system. The capability of a model-based system largely depends on the characteristics of the model used in it. Our aim here is explication of capabilities and limitations of models in model-based diagnostic systems, in particular limitation of the “depth” of the cause of faults identified by a diagnostic mechanism using a kind of model. We focus on the process in which faults are induced and establish an ontology of faults including several categories of faults. It provides us with a vocabulary for specifying the scope of a diagnostic activity performed by a reasoning mechanism using a kind of model. Firstly, the ontology enables us to specify the performances of the models in diagnostic systems, which makes the systems transparent to users who want to know what type of faults the system can diagnose when they describe a target model for a reasoning mechanism. Next, we develop an interactive system to enumerate the “deeper causes” of a malfunction. The ontology enables the human users to control the diagnostic system in a plausible-first way by relaxing diagnostic assumptions interactively