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A Comparative Study on the Attributes of Ions in Nematic and Isotropic Phases

The complex dielectric constant of 4-n-pentyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl (5CB) was measured between 0.0001 Hz and 1 kHz in nematic and isotropic phases. Dielectric relaxation due to space-charge polarization was observed for both phases. In the nematic phase, the diffusion coefficient D⊥ and the mobility µ⊥ of ions in 5CB were determined by theoretical analysis for the frequency dependence of the complex dielectric constant. The mobility µ∥ was estimated by an extrapolation procedure utilizing a magnetic field. The activation energies for µ⊥ and µ∥ were calculated in accordance with the Arrhenius plots; furthermore, the relationship between the mobility and the viscosity coefficients of 5CB was investigated. The Miesowicz viscosity coefficients η1, η2 and η3 were considered in the nematic phase, and it was found that the product value of µ⊥ and η3 is almost the same as that of µ∥ and η2 but smaller than the value obtained in the isotropic phase.