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Genetic and Environmental Contributions to Cotton Yield and Fiber Quality in the Mid-South

Producers need to know the contributions of genotype, environment, and their interaction (G ́E) in determining cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) lint yield, lint percentage, and fiber quality. The recent introduction of longer upper half mean length (UHML) fiber, lower micronaire cultivars may alter previously defined contributions. The objectives of this research were to define the genotype, environment, and G ́E contributions to lint yield, lint percentage, and fiber quality from common cultivars evaluated within the US Mid-South and define shifts in these contributions caused by the introduction of a longer UHML, lower micronaire cultivar. Data from 102 large-plot trials within Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Tennessee were compiled from the 2015 and 2016 seasons; 85 site-years contained three common cultivars, and 69 contained four common cultivars. Analysis of three common cultivars within the 69-site-year dataset indicated environment dominated factors of lint yield (85.8%), lint percentage (88.5%), micronaire (70.9%), length (70.5%), and uniformity (70.4%). Large increases in the contribution of genotype to micronaire (26.0%) and length (37.6%) were observed when the lower micronaire, longer UHML cultivar was included. The relatively minor role of cultivar in determining lint yield and the substantial role of cultivar in determining micronaire and length suggest that producers within the Mid-South should begin to place more importance on fiber quality data when selecting cultivars. T.B. Raper, Dep. of Plant Sciences, Univ. of Tennessee, 605 Airways Blvd., Jackson, TN 38301; J.L. Snider, Dep. of Crop and Soil Sciences, Univ. of Georgia, 115 Coastal Way, Tifton, GA 31793; D.M. Dodds, Dep. of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State Univ., 138 Dorman Hall, Mississippi State, MS 39762; A. Jones, previous address, Fisher Delta Research Center, Univ. of Missouri, PO Box 160, Portageville, MO 63873; B. Robertson, Dep. of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Univ. of Arkansas, 649 Jackson 917, Newport, AR 72112; D. Fromme, Louisiana State Univ. Ag Center, 8105 Tom Bowman Dr., Alexandria, LA 71302; T. Sandlin, Dep. of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Auburn Univ., PO Box 159, Belle Mina, AL 35615; T. Cutts, previous address, Dep. of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, 202 Funchess Hall, Auburn Univ., AL 36849; R. Blair, Univ. of Tennessee Extension, Univ. of Tennessee, 605 Airways Blvd., Jackson, TN 38301. Received 3 Apr. 2018. Accepted 13 Sept. 2018. *Corresponding author (traper@utk.edu). Assigned to Associate Editors Emily Merewitz and Gustavo Slafer. Abbreviations: G ́E, genotype ́ environment interactions; RHQ, Regional High Quality; UHML, upper half mean length; USDAAMS, USDA Agricultural Marketing Service. Published in Crop Sci. 59:307–317 (2019). doi: 10.2135/cropsci2018.04.0222 © Crop Science Society of America | 5585 Guilford Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Published November 8, 2018