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The Psychological Needs of African Women in Labour in Western-Orientated Obstetrical Care

In the health professions there is an increased awareness of the risk that in a modern hospital, the traditional and holistic needs of the African woman could be unmet during childbirth. It particularly affects those women from rural areas where traditional customs prevail and where the emphasis is on collective values and extended community support. Interviews were conducted with low-risk patients at Pelonomi Hospital, Bloemfontein, to determine their biological, psychological and social needs, as well as preferential practices regarding childbirth. The results revealed that changes in the traditional birthing customs and needs seem to have taken place. These include issues of obstetrical interest such as the place of delivery (at home or in hospital), position during delivery, the need for emotional and social support during labour, and dealing with pain. A plea is made for greater understanding of the special needs of the African woman in childbirth. The urgency for a primary health care service which is culturally more appropriate is also highlighted.