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Synthesis of Nitro-Functionalized A3B-Type Tetraphenylporphyrins Compounds and Potential Applications in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

An improved Adler pre-mixed method based on a TFA-catalyzed condensation reaction between aldehydes and pyrroles was developed to synthesize a series of nitro-functionalized A3B-type tetraphenylporphyrins, and all the structures of A3B-type tetraphenylporphyrins were characterized by melting point analysis, electronic absorption spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectroscopy, 1H NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Several factors in the synthesis process were systematically investigated to establish the optimum reaction conditions, hereby obtaining the high yield of products.