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Field and Pretreatment-Free Detection of Heavy-Metal Ions in Organic Polluted Water through an Alkyne-Coded SERS Test Kit.

Field and pretreatment-free detection of heavy-metal ions in organic polluted water is important but still challenging in current water pollution emergency response systems. Here we report a polyadenine-DNA-mediated approach for a rationally designed alkyne-coded surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) test kit, enabling rapid and simultaneous detection of Hg2+ and Ag+ by a portable spectrometer, impervious to organic interferences. Because of the formation of thymine (T)-Hg2+-T and cytosine (C)-Ag+-C, highly recognizable SERS signals are rapidly detected when two different alkyne-labeled gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are induced to undergo controllable bridging upon the addition of low-volume targets. For multiplex detection through a portable spectrometer, the limits of detection reach 0.77 and 0.86 nM for Hg2+ and Ag+, respectively. Of particular significance, the proposed C≡C-containing Raman reporters provide an extremely effective solution for multiplex sensing in a spectral silent region, when the hyperspectral and fairly intense optical noises originating from lower wavenumber region (<1800 cm-1) are inevitable under complex ambient conditions.