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Surface Water Change Characteristics of Qinghai Lake from 2000-2020 Based on the Google Earth Engine Cloud Platform

As an important water resource within the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region, Qinghai Lake plays an important role in climate regulation. In recent years, Qinghai Lake is rapidly expanding by climate factors and other influences, which also affects climate change and restricts the sustainable development of the region. In this paper, based on Google Earth Engine platform, Landsat images are used to compare six lake water index methods, and finally the NDWI method is selected to extract the area of Qinghai Lake for the last 20 years from 2000 to 2020. Finally, the influence of precipitation, humidity, temperature and other climatic factors on the changes of Qinghai Lake is explored. The results indicated that (1) in general, Qinghai Lake showed an overall upward trend in the last 20 years, with an area expansion of about 306.85 km2 and an average expansion rate of 15.34 km2/y. (2) Qinghai Lake in the period 2000-2020 roughly (3) Qinghai Lake experienced four stages during 2000-2020: fluctuation stage, expansion stage, stable stage and rapid expansion stage. (4) Precipitation and evaporation are the main reasons for the change of the lake area of Qinghai Lake.