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Effect of green tea extract on lead toxicity in different organs of rats.

Health hazards from increased lead (Pb) exposure as a result of industrial and environmental pollution are recognized (Juberg et al., 1997). Lead poisoning is considered to be one of the most difficult environmental health problems, since it does not show any unique manifestation during its early stage (Patrick, 2006). Lead has been found to produce wide range of biochemical and physiological dysfunctions in humans and laboratory animals (Courtois et al., 2003). Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the Pb-induced toxicity. Many investigators proposed that one possible mechanism of Pb toxicity is the disturbance of prooxidant and antioxidant balance by generation of reactive oxygen species (Wang et al. 2001). Adonaylo and Oteiz, (1999) reported that Pb-associated tissue injury in the vital organs is resulted from the oxidative stress. Some studies suggested potential role of antioxidants to ameliorate Pb toxicity (Hsu et al., 1998). The increasing interest in the health properties of tea extract and its main catechin polyphenols have led to a significant rise in scientific investigation for prevention and therapeutics in several diseases (Mandel et al., 2006). Green tea extract (GTE) due to its content of catechins reveals strong antioxidative activity, which is manifested by its ability to inhibit free radical generation, scavenge free radicals and chelate transition metal ions that catalyze free radical reactions (Ostrowska and Skrzydlewska, 2006). 
 
The present study was conducted to investigate the biochemical and histo-pathological effects of Pb toxicity on liver, kidney and brain of rats. Moreover, the antioxidative activity of GTE against oxidative stress induced by Pb toxicity was evaluated. The chelating property of GTE to reduce Pb burden in rat tissues was detected.