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ChinaÌs Urbanisation: A Study of Its Evolution

Currently, the rate of urbanisation in China lags far behind the world average. Its rapid progress would undoubtedly influence the international economy. In China, urbanisation is driven both by domestic industrialisation and economic globalisation. The present paper focuses on two points. First, it analyses the relationship between economic development and urbanisation. The process of urbanisation in China has not been in line with the country’s social and economic development for a long time. Not only does the urbanisation level lag behind the pace of economic development, there also exists a great structural deviation from the city scale. It is also found that industries and cities in China have moved towards the same areas in the past ten years. Second, the paper explores the role of the government. Government policy is an endogenous variable in the course of China’s urbanisation. In the past, ‘Hukou’ (citizenship) institution and investment policies greatly influenced urbanisation in China. Things, however, have changed considerably. Many local governments have adopted and strengthened open policies, broken barriers, lessened restrictions on demographic migration, changed patterns of urban investment and provided more public products and services. The paper consists of six parts. In the second part, the author expatiates the development process of urbanisation in China, and the third part introduces the Chinese city system and analyses the development trend in the short run. Some characteristics of urbanisation in China are listed in the fourth part, following which the author discusses three main factors influencing the process of urbanisation in China. The conclusion is drawn in the last part.