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Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Evaluation of the Essential Oil from Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt (Gramineae)

Abstract This paper reports the chemical composition and verification of the antibacterial potential of essential oil from fresh leaves of Cymbopogon winterianus collected in the region of Cariri Ceará. The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation showed yield of 0.5 %, and its chemical composition analysis obtained by GC-MS confirmed the presence of citronellal (61.6 %) and other constituents. Evaluation of antibacterial activity in vitro was performed by microdilution in BHI broth. We tested six strains: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Shigella flexneri, and Bacillus cereus. Trial data showed that the essential oil from leaves of C. winterianus showed activity for all strains tested, and the best result with the strain of Proteus vulgaris (ATCC 13315) (MIC 128 μg/mL).