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Thymoquinone improved redox homeostasis in the heart and aorta of hypothyroid rats

ABSTRACT Objectives Propylthiouracil (PTU) is a common drug that is used in medicine for treating hyperthyroidism. Furthermore, hypothyroidism can also be induced with PTU. Considering the antioxidant effects of thymoquinone (TMQ), this study was designed to find out whether TMQ could counteract the oxidative damage in the heart and aorta tissues induced by hypothyroidism in rats. Methods Animals were arranged into four groups: (1) Control, (2) PTU, (3) PTU-TMQ 5, and (4) PTU-TMQ 10. Hypothyroidism was induced in rats by giving 0.05% PTU in drinking water. PTU and TMQ (5 and 10 mg/kg, ip) treatments were done for 42 days. Finally, the animals were sacrificed and the serum of the rats was collected for thyroxine level assessment. The heart and aorta tissues were also removed for biochemical oxidative stress markers measurement. Results A lower serum thyroxine level was observed after PTU treatment compared to the control group. Hypothyroidism also was accompanied by a decrease of thiol content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities in the heart and aorta tissues while increased malondialdehyde (MDA). Furthermore, a significant reduction in oxidative damage was noted in the heart and aorta following the administration of TMQ (5 and 10 mg/kg) which was indicated by the reduction in MDA and improved activities of SOD, CAT, and thiol. Conclusion In this study, TMQ was found to improve oxidative damages in the heart and aorta tissues of hypothyroid rats.