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CD40 ligand contributes to angiotensin‐II induced vascular inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction

Angiotensin‐II (1mg/kg/d for 7d) was infused in C57/Bl6 (control) and CD40L−/− mice using osmotic minipumps. Vascular function was recorded by isometric tension studies, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were monitored in blood and heart of the mice by enhanced chemiluminescence. ELISA of CD4+ T cell supernatants, Western blot analysis and real‐time RT‐PCR were used to analyze pro‐inflammatory cytokines, NAPDH oxidase subunits, T cell transcription factors and other genes of interest. CD40L−/− mice showed an ameliorated endothelial function and decreased oxidative stress in the heart and blood after angiotensin‐II treatment compared to their wild‐type littermates. Moreover, CD40L−/− mice displayed significantly decreased levels of TH1 cytokines released by splenic CD4+ T cells. This observation was accompanied by lower expression levels of NOX‐2 in aortic tissue, T‐bet in splenic cells, as well as P‐selectin in heart tissue from CD40L−/− mice.