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Some Preliminary Observations on a Questionnaire Technique for Classifying Depressive Illness: Its Relationship with Clinical Diagnosis and a Biological Technique for Depressive Classification*

A questionnaire designed to assist in the classification of depressive illness, was administered to 20 acute depressive patients and 10 normal controls. Patient classification according to the decision rules employed by the questionnaire, were compared with patient classification arrived at by symptomatic (diagnostic) and physiological (G.S.R. inhibition threshold) means. It was found that a preponderance of patients classified as “endogenous depressives” by the questionnaire technique, also had clinical diagnoses of endogenous depression, and had low G.S.R. inhibition thresholds relative to normals. Furthermore a preponderance of patients classified as “non-endogenous depressives” by the questionnaire technique, had clinical diagnoses of neurotic depressive illness, and had high G.S.R. inhibition thresholds relative to normals. This supports the assertion that the questionnaire technique has some validity in the classification of depressive illness. An extension of the questionnaire, a scale to assess depressive severity, was also investigated. Significant positive correlations of scores on this scale, with concurrent, previously validated measures of depressive illness, suggest that the depression scale is a valid index of depressive severity.