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Strong-lensing Measurement of the Mass-density Profile out to 3 Effective Radii for z ∼ 0 . 5 Early-type Galaxies

We measure the total mass-density profiles out to three effective radii for a sample of 63 z ∼ 0.5, massive early-type galaxies (ETGs) acting as strong gravitational lenses through a joint analysis of lensing and stellar dynamics. The compilation is selected from three galaxy-scale strong-lens samples including the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Emission-Line Lens Survey (BELLS), BELLS for GALaxy-Lyα EmitteR sYstems Survey, and Strong Lensing Legacy Survey (SL2S). Utilizing the wide source-redshift coverage (0.8–3.5) provided by these three samples, we build a statistically significant ensemble of massive ETGs for which robust mass measurements can be achieved within a broad range of Einstein radii up to three effective radii. Characterizing the three-dimensional total mass-density distribution by a power-law profile as ρ ∝ r−γ, we find that the average logarithmic density slope for the entire sample is 〈γ〉 = 2.000 −0.032 (68%CL) with an intrinsic scatter δ = 0.180 −0.028. Further parameterizing 〈γ〉 as a function of redshift z and ratio of Einstein radius to effective radius Rein/Ref f , we find the average density distributions of these massive ETGs become steeper at larger radii and later cosmic times with magnitudes d〈γ〉/dz = −0.309+0.166 −0.160 and d〈γ〉/d log10 Rein Re f f = 0.194 +0.092 −0.083.