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Retrospective survey of surgical outcomes on rhegmatogenous retinal detachments associated with atopic dermatitis.

OBJECTIVE
To determine the clinical features and surgical outcomes of retinal detachment associated with atopic dermatitis.


METHODS
One hundred twenty-one eyes of 98 patients with atopic dermatitis and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were surgically treated and followed up for 1 year or longer. Fundus examination data on retinal breaks and detachment, and follow-up data on anatomic reattachment were obtained and compared between phakic and aphakic eyes using the chi 2 test.


RESULTS
Breaks were often multiple and located at the ora serrata (72%) and in the ciliary epithelium (15%). Irregularly shaped breaks (13.5%) and giant breaks (16%) also were seen. Most detachments (71%) were localized and shallow. No significant difference was identified with or without a history of cataract surgery. The prognosis after the initial surgery (reattachment rate, 72%) was unfavorable because of new break formation, but the results of reoperation (reattachment rate, 93%) were as successful.


CONCLUSIONS
Patients with atopic dermatitis may have an abnormality in the anterior retina and ciliary epithelium that predisposes to retinal detachment. Findings suggest a possible traumatic trigger and the need to perform an encircling scleral buckle procedure with widespread retinopexy initially in these patients.