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Histopathological Effects of Fibrin Glue and Cyanoacrylate on the Maxillary Sinus.

Objective
To compare the histopathological effects of fibrin glue (FbGl) and cyanoacrylate (CyAc) on the maxillary sinus mucosa.


Methods
Twenty rabbits were divided into two groups of 10, and surgical defects were created in the maxillary sinuses. The right maxillary sinus was treated with FbGl in one group and with CyAc in the other group. As a control, the left maxillary sinuses of all rabbits were treated with sterile saline solution. One rabbit treated with CyAc died during the study and was excluded. On postoperative day 21, all animals were sacrificed. Maxillary sinus mucosa samples were studied to determine the extent of inflammation and fibrosis, foreign body reaction, cilia loss, increased osteogenesis in bony structures under the mucosa, and loss of serous glands.


Results
The FbGl group differed significantly from the CyAc and control groups in terms of a high degree of inflammation (p<0.001), fibrosis (p<0.001), foreign body reaction (p<0.001), cilia loss (p<0.001), and serous gland loss (p<0.001). In terms of osteogenesis, there were no significant differences between the FbGl and CyAc groups (p=0.650), while there was a significant (p=0.002) difference between these two groups and the control group.


Conclusion
Histopathologically, CyAc had fewer side effects than FbGl. Further clinical studies are needed to demonstrate the validity of these results in humans.