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Interactive modeling environment for craniofacial reconstruction

There are a variety of commercial packages available that will construct iso-surfaces directly from CT, MRI, or PET scans. The problems lie not in the accuracy of the reconstruction but rather in the integration with other commercial, or custom software. Reconstruction of the human mandible must be designed so that finite element analysis can be applied interactively and the mandible can be morphed to reflect growth and other changes. A collection of software tools has been integrated to provide multiple range iso-surface reconstruction, generation of both triangulated and tetrahedral meshes and the incorporation of hierarchical B-Spline bases into an interactive graphical system that permits easy transfer among all of the software components. Thresholding CT, MRI, or PET is accomplished by using a standard implementation of the marching cubes algorithm with a user provided density threshold range. The set of triples generated is then exported to a 3D (alpha) shape generator. Once the alpha shape has been thresholded to reflect the geometry of interest, the data can be exported to a Delaunay tesselator that will produce the triangulated surface mesh, as well as the solid interior tetrahedra. After construction of both the exterior and interior of the objects of interest, in this case a mandible, the surface representation can be exported to other modelers or to finite element packages to perform stress and strain analyses, and morphed to model changes in growth.