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Literature Reviews: Neurology: The Early Course of the Tourette's Syndrome Clinical Spectrum

The authors of this study retrospectively addressed the early course of children with confirmed Tourette’s syndrome (TS). In its introduction, the paper reviews studies reporting the appearance and disappearance of tics in a variety ofTS populations and points out the relative lack of studies regarding the natural history of associated behavioral disorders. This study consisted of a retrospective chart review of patients 21 years and younger with a DMS-III-R diagnosis of TS, excluding those with mental retardation. At the time of initial evaluation, each subject underwent neurological examination and an extensive neuropsychological testing battery. Specific criteria were described for the diagnoses of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and disruptive behavior (DB) and school problems (SP). Diagnoses at initial and most recent follow-up evaluations were compared. Patients and parents were questioned specifically about each behavioral disorder at follow-up, but neuropsychological testing was not repeated. Medication changes were assessed by dosage at initial and next follow-up and at the most recent evaluation.