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Altered lung function test in asymptomatic women using biomass fuel for cooking.

BACKGROUND
One third of the world's population use biomass fuel like wood, dung or charcoal for cooking. The smoke from these organic materials increases the incidence of respiratory illness including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer.


AIM
To evaluate forced expiratory lung volumes in asymptomatic women previously exposed to biomass fuel smoke.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study was done in 74 healthy asymptomatic women divided into two age matched groups of 37 each. Pulmonary function tests (PFT) were assessed by computerised spirometry and statistical comparisons done on women using biomass fuel (study group) and women using other sources of fuel (LPG/ electric stove) for cooking (control group).


RESULTS
The PFT results showed significant reduction in forced expiratory lung volumes like Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in 1(st) sec (FEV1), Forced Expiratory Flow between 25-75% (FEF 25-75%) and Forced Expiratory Volume percentage (FEV1%) in biomass fuel users as compared to those not exposed to biomass fuel smoke.


CONCLUSION
The results of this study suggest that biomass fuel smoke may produce definite impairment in lung function, especially with regard to the smaller airways.