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Knowledge base image classification using P-trees

Image Classification is the process of assigning classes to the pixels in remote sensed images and important for GIS applications, since the classified image is much easier to incorporate than the original unclassified image. To resolve misclassification in traditional parametric classifier like Maximum Likelihood Classifier, the neural network classifier is implemented using back propagation algorithm. The extra spectral and spatial knowledge acquired from the ancillary information is required to improve the accuracy and remove the spectral confusion. To build knowledge base automatically, this paper explores a non-parametric decision tree classifier to extract knowledge from the spatial data in the form of classification rules. A new method is proposed using a data structure called Peano Count Tree (P-tree) for decision tree classification. The Peano Count Tree is a spatial data organization that provides a lossless compressed representation of a spatial data set and facilitates efficient classification than other data mining techniques. The accuracy is assessed using the parameters overall accuracy, User's accuracy and Producer's accuracy for image classification methods of Maximum Likelihood Classification, neural network classification using back propagation, Knowledge Base Classification, Post classification and P-tree Classifier. The results reveal that the knowledge extracted from decision tree classifier and P-tree data structure from proposed approach remove the problem of spectral confusion to a greater extent. It is ascertained that the P-tree classifier surpasses the other classification techniques.