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An Investigation of Technology-Mediated Ad Hoc Team Operations Consideration of Components of Team Situation Awareness

Technological advances have yielded significant changes in the way people work. Decision makers dealing with complex, ill-structured problems, dynamic environments with significant time stress, shifting or competing goals, and significant consequences for failure are particular targets for technological support. In fact, these same characteristics are key task indicators in naturalistic decision-making (NDM) contexts (Zsambok, 1997). In many environments, the employment of technology has led to teams in which members are more mobile, more versatile, and more distributed in time, space, and purpose. Often these teams are ad hoc—they are brought together for a limited time span to address a specific problem and often have diverse backgrounds and technical expertise that form the basis for their selection onto the team. This expertise provides a second key distinguishing characteristic of NDM research; that is, it does not address naïve participants, but rather experienced decision makers. In this chapter, we present research aimed at investigating factors that influence ad hoc team operations and decision processes in technologically sophisticated operational environments, thus providing a third distinguishing characteristic of NDM research—that it addresses complex problem spaces. Finally, due to the complexity of the environment, our research focuses on the situation awareness (SA) of the decision maker, which highlights a fourth and final significant characteristic of NDM research: a concern with situation assessment. We begin with a brief overview of the