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Neurobiological correlates of personality and emotional expression in traumatic brain injury

NEUROBIOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF PERSONALITY AND EMOTIONAL EXPRESSION IN TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY by Christina G. Wong December 2013 Advisor: Dr. Lisa J. Rapport Major: Psychology (Clinical) Degree: Master of Arts Many individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) experience cognitive, emotional, and functional deficits, all of which can contribute to chronic stress. Unfortunately, individuals with TBI often engage in less effective coping than non-brain-injured individuals, which has negative implications for rehabilitation. Differences in personality traits have been linked to individual differences in coping styles, physiological stress reactivity, and emotional disclosure. Research on personality and coping after TBI has been sparse. Thus, the present study examined the influence of TBI on the pattern of the relationships between personality, emotional expression, and stress reactivity. Eighty-one adults who sustained moderate to severe TBI and 76 significant others of individuals with TBI participated. Personality was assessed using the Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System (BIS/BAS) scale, and self-report of affectivity was measured with the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). Verbal and nonverbal emotional expression were gleaned from a 3-minute videotaped speech task for which participants were asked to talk about stressful aspects of recovery from brain injury.