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Symbiosis of Press and Protest: An Exchange Analysis

Protests belong to that special class of events known as news. This can be attributed to the fact that they very often combine many of the major criteria considered necessary conditions for such events: political ramifications, drama (especially when violent), human interest, and novelty. Yet, although there have been many studies concerned with the ways in which the government uses the press to send messages to the polity, only a handful have examined the reverse flow of information whereby citizens exploit the mass media to make demands on the government.1 Just as the interaction between politicians and the press sets a good deal of the agenda, the relationship between reporters and action group leaders has a similar, ongoing and significant effect on the manufacture of news. As both sets of relationships fall under the rubric of political communication, it would be helpful to rely on an analytical framework which can shed light on both phenomena. Political communication can be said to "originate in mutual dependence within a framework of divergent though overlapping purposes."Z Thus both politicians and protest leaders rely on the press