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Differential Expression of PPARγ and CHOP‐10 During Adipogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great promise for cell‐based therapy and regenerative medicine owing to their multilineage differentiation potential that ranges from osteogenic to cardiac lineages. Osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of MSCs in particular is of great interest since any imbalance that perturbs the regulation of osteogenesis and adipogenesis is typically associated with diseases such as obesity, osteoporosis, and other age‐related diseases. In our project, we sought to profile the gene expression pattern of key osteogenic and adipogenic transcription factors during differentiation using time course experiments. Adipogenesis was induced in passage 4 human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSCs) seeded with a density of 6579 cells/cm2 and RNA was collected at Day 0 (control), Day 3, Day 7, and Day 14 after differentiation to analyze the expression level of master adipogenic transcription factor peroxisome proliferator activated receptor‐γ (PPARγ) and negative adipogenic factor CHOP‐10. Our preliminary data suggests that compared to control (Day 0, undifferentiated) samples, PPARγ expression increases about 20‐fold, 22‐fold, and 168‐fold at Day 3, 7, 14 respectively. In contrast, expression of CHOP‐10, which is a negative regulator of adipogenesis, is upregulated approximately 2.4‐fold at Day 3, then downregulated 1.13‐fold at Day 7, and again increased 1.1‐fold at Day 14 respectively. Future work will compare these results and expression pattern of other adipogenic transcription factors to MSC differentiation in a 3D culture system.