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Bronchodilator and corticosteroid effects on regional and total airway resistance in patients with asthma, chronic bronchitis, and chronic pulmonary emphysema.

Regional ventilation of 6 lung zones and total airway resistance were measured before and after inhalation of a bronchodilator in 8 normal subjects, 10 patients with bronchial asthma, and 11 patients with chronic bronchitis and/or chronic pulmonary emphysema. In addition, 3 patients with asthma and one with emphysema were studied by the same methods before and after the oral administration of 60 mg of prednisone per day for 2 weeks. The patients were in a relatively stable clinical state when studied. Airway resistance and thoracic gas volume were measured in a body plethysmograph, and specific airway conductance was calculated. Regional ventilation was measured by a washout technique using radioactive xenon. Because breathing frequency and tidal volume were approximately the same in the before and after bronchodilator studies of regional ventilation, changes in the latter probably reflected changes in regional airway resistance rather than regional pulmonary compliance. Five of 10 patients with asthma an...