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Effect of Residual Herbicides on Cover Crop Establishment

The use of preemergence herbicides has increased in recent years due to the spread of herbicide resistant weeds. Many of these products are persistent in the environment, and phytotoxic concentrations may remain in the soil at the time of cover crop establishment in the fall. While herbicide labels provide information on restrictions regarding rotational crops, these recommendations generally are not written with cover crops in mind. Restrictions on the label that prohibit planting cover crops may be due to: 1) the risk of herbicide residues causing establishment failures; 2) the risk of herbicide residues accumulating in the cover crop for which residue tolerances have not been established; 3) a lack of data determining the safety of the herbicide on the cover crop; and 4) a combination of the above factors.