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Advanced communication modes for the publish/subscribe C-DAX middleware

C-DAX is a cyber-secure publish/subscribe middleware tailored to the needs of smart grids, offering end-to-end security, and scalable and resilient communication among participants in a smart grid. While C-DAX' broker-based publish/subscribe mechanisms are well-suited for scalable information dissemination with regard to high numbers of publishers and subscribers, (1) additional transmission delays are inherent to the design because of multi-hop application layer forwarding, and (2) interactive (probably legacy) applications are prohibited due to the one-way publish/subscribe paradigm and potential dependencies on IP communication. This work presents two advanced communication modes for the C-DAX architecture, addressing those issues: (1) broker-less publish/subscribe for delay-sensitive applications, and (2) transparent IP-tunneling over publish/subscribe for legacy applications. Those modes further improve C-DAX' suitability for smart grid applications, including enhanced real-time application support, and transparent support for legacy smart grid communication protocols.