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FEATURES OF MEDICAL CARE IN THE CONDITIONS OF OIL EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION IN THE EXTREME NORTH

i n t r o d u C t i o n The Arctic is defined as a natural extreme zone, which places high demands on the adaptive capabilities of the body. The Far North is a territory that exceeds several European states. At the bottom of the Arctic Ocean is almost 20% of the world's oil reserves and 30%of gas reserves [2]. He is characterized by extreme climatic conditions, a quarter of all foreign exchange earnings to the state budget of Russia comes from this region. Every year, 20% of the world's and 90% of Russian gas and oil are produced. Moreover, the Far North is not only a powerful raw material base of the country today, it is also a kind of guarantor for the energy security of the state for many years to come: here is concentrated a quarter of all the world's proven reserves of natural gas and oil. At this point, changes can be rapid and unexpected, often causing a switch to very different ecosystem types. Many of these triggers for change are amenable to management, suggesting that our choice of policies in the coming decades will substantially influence the ecological and societal consequences of current climatic change [9]. To preserve the human potential, we need deep knowledge and experience in studying the fundamental specific northern problems, identifying the prospects for socio-economic development of the North and the Arctic, which is inextricably linked with the problems of health care in conditions of shift, seasonal and permanent jobs [5]. The effectiveness of human labor in the Far North is largely determined by the degree of its adaptation to external conditions of activity, to social and environmental factors. Therefore among researchers [8] it is axiomatically considered that the foremost pragmatic goals of studying the mechanisms of psychological adaptation to work in the Arctic are prediction of the dynamics of adaptation to existing conditions there and the implementation of an external correction of this process with a view to optimizing it. Deficiency of the workforce in the conditions of the Far North against the backdrop of a professional high-intensity load significantly exceeding the standard for normal working conditions, create the prerequisites for violations in the psychoemotional sphere and accompany the development of psychosomatic pathology in workers [4]. In addition, the complex of natural factors of the Far North has a pronounced negative effect on the physical and mental state of a person, called the "polar tension" syndrome [3]. The human body is adversely affected by: low temperatures in combination with strong winds, short cold summers, high humidity, the presence of peculiar periods of polar night and polar day, lack of solar radiation, geomagnetic activity, sudden changes in atmospheric pressure, eating habits, prolonged exposure to enclosed spaces and etc. All this dictates the immediate development of urgent legislative measures of medical care for workers in the oil and gas industry.