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A highly efficient and accurate full vector solver for guided and leaky modes of optical fibers

A highly efficient and accurate full-vector finite-difference mode solver is developed for calculation of both guided and leaky modes of circular symmetric optical fibers with high index contrast. To demonstrate and validate the mode solver, several examples, such as the guided modes of a silicon wire with a large index difference, the vector properties of guided modes in step-index fibers, as well as the quasi-guided and leaky modes in a Bragg fiber, are simulated.