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Serum Asymmetric Dimethyl Arginine Concentrations in Diabetic School Children

Asymmetric dimethyl-L-arginine (ADMA) is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Accumulative evidence indicates that ADMA is a critical mediator of the adverse effects on NOS of all cardiovascular risk factors. In the present investigation, it was aimed to determine serum ADMA concentrations of children in male and female healthy normal subjects as well as in diabetic patients in order to find out any possible relationship. A total of 84 male and female children ranging from 6-18 years, were randomly selected and divided as follows: 42 normal healthy children (11 males, 31females); and 42 diabetic children (16 males, 26 females). It was obtained that the concentration of serum ADMA was significantly increased in diabetic children of both sexes when compared to their matched controlled subjects. ADMA concentration in normally male children was significantly that lower than in the diabetic male children (0.63±0.11 µmol/L, 0.94±0.10 µmol/L P<0.05). Similarly, ADMA concentration in normally female children was significantly lower than that in the diabetic female children (0.52±0.04 µmol/L, 0.88±0.04 µmol/L P<0.05). The present study also showed that glucose serum concentration in normally male children was significantly lower than that in the diabetic children (0.31±3.90mmol/L P<0.05, 13.17 2.10± mmol/L P<0.05), Also the concentration of glucose in control female children was significantly lower than that measured in the diabetic female children ( 0.20±4.30 mmol/L P<0.05 , 1.21± 10.0 mmol/L P<0.05). Serum total cholesterol concentration was significantly higher, in the diabetic male children compared with their matched control (2.54±0.31 mmol/L, 4.00±0.41 mmol/L P<0.05). Serum LDL-C concentration in control female children was significantly lower than that in the diabetic female children (2.89±0.21 mmol/L, 3.51±0.31 mmol/L P<0.05).Similarly, LDL-C concentration in control male children group was less than that measured in the diabetic children male group (2.61±0.20 mmol/L, 1.77±0.20 mmol/L P<0.05). This finding may suggests that increased ADMA serum concentration can be possibly used as a biological marker of atherosclerosis, because ADMA could be accumulated to cause factors that themselves produce other changes for atherosclerosis.