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Selected full-field optical techniques in experimental mechanics: precision and complexity

The paper reviews recent developments and refinements of the optical metrology techniques used for studying mechanical components and structures. In all selected methods the relevant information is encoded in fringe patterns. The automatic fringe pattern analysis techniques provide fast, reliable and unambiguous data interpretation, and facilitate a hybrid approach to strain analysis. Among incoherent light methods the photoelasticity for studying in-plane occurrences of the photoelastic models as well as a photostress method for investigation of real structures, and the fringe projection method for measuring out-of-plane displacements are discussed. Holography and high sensitivity grating interferometry are chosen among coherent light methods. On the basis of experimental results obtained the precision and complexity of the methods are discussed and compared.