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THE EFFECT OF REFERENCE FRAME SELECTION ON MODELLED TURBULENCE FOR GROUND EFFECT AERODYNAMICS SIMULATIONS

The principle of aerodynamic reciprocity is foundational in the study of fluid mechanics. A wind tunnel framework is generally used to test aerodynamic performance and this body-stationary convention has continued into the computational regime. However, there is no practical reason why the moving body/stationary fluid situation that corresponds to reality cannot be used for computational modelling. When the concept of ground effect aerodynamics is studied, an extra boundary is required which must move, and the extra boundary condition also adds complexity to a computational simulation. The introduction of freestream turbulence, as well as possible additional turbulent generation from the moving ground, raise the possibility of spurious turbulent values, particularly when calculated using a RANS based closure in a CFD model. Here, a ground effect aerodynamics study is undertaken computationally, using a body-stationary and a body-moving reference frame, to examine any variation that occurs. Two models for turbulence are implemented, the Realizable k-ε model and the Reynolds Stress Model (RSM).