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[Photobiological processes in biomembranes under the effect of ultraviolet radiation on animal cells, tissues, and organs].

The current knowledge about the mechanisms of the lipid photoperoxidation (LPPO) and the role of the process in the effects of the UV-irradiation of cells and tissues is reviewed. The LPPO in biomembranes occurs as a result of the lipid hydroperoxide phototransformation to free radicals and the antioxidant photolysis. The LPPO significantly depends on the structural state of biomembranes. The UV-radiation stimulates the two types of dark lipid peroxidation (LPO): the free radical non-enzymatic peroxidation, and the cyclooxygenase peroxidation. The UV-radiation produces increase of the membrane ion permeability, decrease (or enhancement) of the aggregatory interaction of cells, and changes of the membrane enzymatic activity. The LPPO and the dark non-enzymatic LPO play an important role in the changes of the membrane functions under the UV-irradiation. The dark non-enzymatic LPO is important for the development of UV erythema. The cyclooxygenase LPO may be responsible for the curative properties of the UV-irradiated blood.