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ZINC IN THE "SOIL-PLANT" SYSTEM IN CASE OF LONG-TERM APPLICATION OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTHERN FOREST STEPPE OF THE OMSK REGION

A long-term stationary experiment was carried out on meadow-black soil in the southern forest-steppe of the Omsk region of Western Siberia, it was found that systematic application of mineral fertilizers (during six rotations of a five-field grain-fallow crop rotation) did not lead to accumulation of zinc above the APC in accordance with the Hygienic Standards GN 2.1.7.2511- 09. It has been proven that the amount of total zinc (5M HNO3 extraction) over the years of the research decreased in comparison with the initial value by 15% in a natural background and by 25% in a fertilized background due to its greater removal by plants and migration down the soil profile. Systematic application of mineral fertilizers on average over three years (2017-2019) increased the annual zinc removal by wheat plants by 16%. The content of zinc mobile form in the soil (AAB extraction, pH = 4.8) is estimated as average (2.1-2.2 mg / kg). The dependence of zinc mobile forms on acid-soluble forms was revealed, which is described by the equation y = 0.072x-0.643. The zinc content in spring wheat plants, depending on the fertilization, varied from 5.8 to 7.6 in straw and from 30.8 to 34.3 mg / kg in grain. The biological absorption coefficient was 13.1-12.8; the coefficient of biological accumulation was 14.9 -15.9, which indicates that zinc is intensively involved in the biochemical cycle of the agrocenosis during spring wheat cultivation, and its deficiency becomes a factor which limits the crop yield.