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Preparation and Characteristics of Graphene Oxide from the Biomass Carbon Material Using Fir Powder as Precursor

Graphene oxide (GO) was successfully prepared from the graphitization carbon based upon biomass material using fir powder as a precursor, which was named as FPGO. As a comparison to verify the successful synthesis of FPGO, GO from expanded graphite (named as EGO) was prepared. FPGO had the typical characteristics of GO, possessing the grossly close nanostructures and comparable element constitutions with EGO. The interlayer spacing of FPGO was 8.5 Å, close to 9.1 Å of EGO. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses indicated five different oxygen-containing functional groups existing between the FPGO nanosheets. The atomic force microscopic image directly observed that the FPGO nanosheets were single-layer thick, and lateral dimensions were in the range of about one to several micrometers in diameter. FPGO had a wrinkled morphology, and the layer structure was intuitively observed by field emissions scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope images. The thermogravimetric analysis curves reflected that FPGO had close contents of oxygenated groups with EGO, leaving the same residual carbon element of about 49 wt.% at 900°C.