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Evaluation of Immunomodulatory Activity of Clerodendrum inerme on Human PBMC

Medicinal and ornamental plants have been used for many centuries in various ayurvedic treatments and chinese medicine. Many of which have proven to possess many bioactive compounds which may treat many deadly ailments. One such medicinal and ornamental plant is the Clerodendrum inerme. The Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Clerodendrum inerme is well proven by many previously established works of literature. This provides a pathway to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of the plant since anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity go hand in hand. This study aims to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of the methanolic activity of Clerodendrum inerme. The leaves were harvested, dried and extracted using methanol. The phytochemical analysis for the extract was conducted and a column chromatography was performed to separate the extract into various fractions. Cell proliferation and NO inhibition assay was performed for each fraction and a GC-MS analysis for the best fraction was performed to identify the key compounds responsible for the immunomodulatory activity. The crude extract showed the presence of many key phytochemical groups. The column chromatography yielded eight different fractions and the sixth fraction was found to possess the best immunomodulatory activity as it showed the most significant reduction in cellular proliferation as well as nitric oxide production. The GC-MS analysis showed the presence of fourteen compounds in the key fraction.