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Comparison between the toxicity of Copper and Irgarol 1051 as two different generations of antifoulings on growth and essential metabolites of marine algae (Dunaliella salina as a case study)

The term biofouling is commonly employed to distinguish the undesirable accumulation of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and microalgae, plants and invertebrates on any artificial surfaces submerged in seawater (Yebra et al., 2004) from those occurring on rocks and other natural objects. The organism occurring in fouling have been recorded frequently, nearly 2000 species of animals and plants have been reported from fouling. This included 615 kinds of plants and 1361 varieties of animals. Although the number of species reported from fouling is large and is widely distributed among the existing groups of organisms, it actually includes a very small proportion of the known marine species. However, adsorption and accumulation of marine organic (e.g. algae, worms and ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History: Received: Nov. 12, 2020 Accepted: March 30, 2021 Online: April 18, 2021 _