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Statistical analysis of pulsed discharges in dielectric liquid: effects of voltage amplitude, pulse width, electrode configuration, and liquid composition

Discharge in dielectric liquid is an active field of research involved in many technological applications. Such multiple discharges are often applied during an experiment and that the electrode and liquid are altered by these stochastically behaving discharges. Therefore, it is important to address the variation of discharge characteristics as a function of discharge occurrence. In this study we analyze the electrical characteristics of multiple discharges run at low repetition rate (5 Hz) in a liquid of known initial composition using an electrode with a specific geometry. The discharges are run continuously until they fail to occur due to the increase in gap distance, and the recorded voltage and current waveforms are processed using an algorithm in order to determine the probability of discharge occurrence, breakdown voltage, discharge current, and discharge delay. The injected charge and energy of each discharge are also calculated. Furthermore, the effects of applied voltage, pulse width, electrode configuration, and liquid composition on the characteristics of the discharge are investigated. The obtained results demonstrate that the highest and lowest numbers of occurred discharges are achieved using the plate-to-plate and pin-to-pin configurations, respectively. Moreover, the composition of the liquid has an appreciable effect on the discharge current, as well as on electrode erosion. For discharges in water and cyclohexane, we measured the lowest and highest current, respectively. As for the erosion rate, it was comparable for the three liquid hydrocarbons but relatively smaller than that in water. The plot of breakdown voltage as a function of discharge current varies depending on the discharge parameters and displays regions that may be linked to the ignition mechanisms. The original data reported herein is of great significance for various applications that utilize repetitive discharges in liquid.