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Internal jugular vein phlebectasia: A rare presentation

Jugular phlebectasia refers to an isolated abnormal fusiform or saccular dilatation of the internal jugular vein and it usually presents as a swelling in the right side of the neck (Figure 1, Figure 2). Histologically, diffuse fibrosis and disrupted architecture of the elastic tissue suggest it results due to a mechanical effect. Diagnosis can be established with ultrasonography combined with Doppler flow imaging and spiral computed tomography with contrast (Figure 3). Treatment is mainly conservative in cases where there are no symptoms or complications. Surgical treatment is rarely performed for aesthetic purposes and includes excision of dilated portion of the vein or unilateral excision of the vein. Thrombosis and Horner’s syndrome are the reported complications.