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Long term sea-level variation in the south-eastern Mediterranean Sea: A new approach of examination

Using 33 years (1974–2006) of hourly sea-level data, this paper plots the trend of long-term variation in the sea-level off Alexandria, representing the south-eastern Mediterranean Sea. Both linear and quadratic model equations describing the rate of variation in the mean monthly sea-level (0.212cm/year) and in the mean monthly sea-level anomaly (0.209cm/year) are produced. The long-term variations in the mean monthly and mean monthly sea-level anomaly reflect very weak cyclic trends. The rate of sea-level variation is controlled not only by the cyclic oceanographic factors but also by the land subsidence process. The latter has much more impact (⅔) than the former (⅓). The total land subsidence, starting from the last year in Cleopatra VII’s life and for 2040 years, is 4.325m. This coincides with the given depth of the present submerged monuments within Alexandria Eastern Harbour. The sea-level rise within the South-eastern Mediterranean basin, associated with climate change, is not as severe as considered by many.