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[Considerations in ventilation of infants and children].

The oxygen reserves of infants are low because of high oxygen demand in combination with low transport capacity. Respiratory adverse events are one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality during paediatric anaesthesia. During the last years our knowledge has grown substantially about the influence of artificial airways on the airway of paediatric patients. Modern anaesthetic concepts in infants and children include the use of cuffed tubes as well as a spontaneous breathing child.