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The Relationship between Speed Perception and Road Safety-An Attempt to Establish the “ Illusion Engineering ” -

Designers try to make the human environment more comfortable when creating their designs, and they have to examine the environmental elements in relation to human perception or human information processing. As typically seen in visual illusion, perception does not necessarily correspond to the physical or objective nature of things. Many studies on visual illusion have shown that configurational characteristics influence our perception. Speed illusion is one of the illusions observed for an object in motion and/ or an observer in motion. Our previous study has demonstrated that configurations of road surface patterns affect speed perception. The present study examines more systematically what factors influence the speed perceived by drivers in the road scene through simulation experiments. Four different configurations of traffic lanes were used as test animations: straight center lane, straight right lane, curved center lane, and curved right lane. These test animations were randomly presented. Participants were asked to estimate the perceived speed of motion in the test animation, using the method of magnitude estimation. Configurational characteristics in the field of vision were found to affect speed perception, which could be used as cues to make drivers naturally slow down. This finding suggests the importance of a new approach called the“illusion engineering” which will be one of the effective countermeasures for speeding. When designers create road surface patterns to prevent accidents due to speeding, they should make use of this“illusion