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Food Security as a Policy Goal in the Complex Emergencies Context and Links between Information, Analysis and Programming with particular reference to the Horn of Africa Region

As food security refers to people’s ability to access food, it is rooted in the economy of the country and should be considered as integral to the national development agenda. This is more so for the developing countries, which also manifest high levels of food insecurity, particularly in Africa. Paradoxically it is these low-income, food deficit countries (LIFDCs) that also experience high levels of conflict, resulting in complex emergencies. These countries need to adopt well-planned short-, medium- and longterm measures to improve their food security situation. The food security policy should cover all sectors of the food chain including increasing food availability through production and importation, improving food marketing efficiency, increasing people’s purchasing power and setting up effective early warning and food information systems (EWFIS). To be effective, the EWFIS should use data spanning the entire food chain, i.e. meteorological data, remote sensing imageries, agricultural statistics, commodity prices, nutritional anthropometry and food balance sheets. EWFIS is useful, not only for monitoring the food security situation to detect areas and segments of the population that are facing deteriorating food security, but also for providing relevant data (e.g. baseline data, vulnerability maps, etc.) needed for longer-term planning to move the affected populations from vulnerability to sustainable development.