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Study of Sol-Gel/Powder Metallurgy Technique for Processing Titanium Parts

The powder metallurgy processing of titanium devices for biomedical applications has complex steps. In order to introduce a new processing route, this work studied a sol-gel technique combined with powder metallurgy for producing porous titanium samples. The process involves the mixture of titanium powders with sodium alginate suspension, which undergoes reticulation by calcium salt solution contact, forming a titanium/calcium alginate hydrogel in granule shape. Later, the hydrogel granules were dried and sintered in a high vacuum furnace for titanium particles consolidation and calcium alginate removal. The samples characterization was performed by scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy, metallographic analysis, semi-quantitative X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the methodology used is adequate for producing porous titanium parts, since the samples presented no contamination, a uniform shape, particle consolidation and interconnected porosity. The research continues aiming to obtain samples with different bulk morphology, like, discs or bars for surgical implant applications.