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Effect of Anhydride Modification on the Thermal Stability of Cultivated Acacia mangium

Abstract This paper tests the hypothesis that propionic and succinic anhydride modification will improve the thermal stability of cultivated Acacia mangium wood. The thermal stability of modified wood was characterized with thermogravimetric analysis. Evidence of modification was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared analysis. Our results show that chemical modification with anhydrides improves the thermal stability of the Acacia wood. The higher thermal stability of anhydride-modified Acacia wood compared with unmodified wood is attributed to the reduction in hydrophilic nature of the wood due to esterification. Succinylated wood has better thermal stability than propionylated wood based on the values of on-set degradation temperatures, the temperatures at which 30, 50, and 70% degradation occurred, and the activation energy. The improved thermal stability of modified wood compared with the unmodified wood will offer potential for better utilization of Acacia mangium.