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A Non-Cooperative Game-Theoretical Approach to Mobile Data Offloading

Mobile data demand of users is soaring with the increasing number of smartphones, which brings huge challenges to cellular network providers. To meet the user traffic demand, we study the problem that the user traffic data is served by cellular and WiFi network concurrently, i.e., mobile data offloading between cellular and WiFi operators. Different from the existing work where the users or network operators possess the complete information about each other, we model the mobile data offloading problem as a multi-user multi-operator non-cooperative game with the incomplete information. In the proposed model, the users and operators are assumed to be rational, and each of them pursues its own maximum benefit. To address this problem, in a distributed way, we first develop a Marginal Utility-Based Traffic Allocation (MUBTA) algorithm to arrange the users' traffic among different networks. Then, a bidding model is built to adjust the transaction price between users and operators. In addition, a Nash equilibrium is proven to be existed by theoretical analysis. Simulation results show that the proposed approach achieves a near-optimal solution.