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Activation of bcr-abl fusion gene and ras oncogenes in chronic myelogenous leukemia.

We attempted to detect the bcr-abl fusion gene and ras gene family in CML by the in vitro focus forming assay and the tumorigenicity assay. Eight of 14 chronic phase and both of two blastic phase cases showed transforming activity in the tumorigenicity assay. However, only one chronic phase sample was positive in the in vitro focus forming assay. Among these 10 transformants, we found N-ras activation in one chronic phase, and K-ras activation in another chronic phase case. The bcr-abl fusion gene was activated in one chronic phase and all of the blastic phase cases by the tumorigenicity assay. The present result showed that the bcr-abl fusion gene transfected N1H3T3 cells formed tumors in nude mice in contrast to the in vitro focus forming assay. The bcr-abl fusion gene may play important roles in the progression as well as the pathogenesis of CML.