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Extremely high prevalence of DNASE1*1 allele in African populations

The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I), designated as DNASE1 (NCBI SNP number; 1053874), in exon 8 (A2317G) has been shown to be associated with liver disease, colorectal carcinoma, and gastric carcinoma in Japanese patients. In this study, we investigated the frequency of the DNASE1 polymorphism in Ghanaian (n = 96) and Xhosa (n = 78) populations and compared the results with those of other studies. The single nucleotide polymorphism was detected by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) analysis. The frequencies of DNASE1*1 in the Ghanaian and Xhosa populations were 0.90 and 0.88, respectively. These two African populations had an extremely high frequency of DNASE1*1, similar to that of the Ovambos living in Namibia. Caucasians and Asians had a lower frequency of DNASE1*1 than the African groups. This study is the first to reveal an extremely high frequency of DNASE1*1 among African populations. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.