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Bibliography of South African Literature in English 1964–1968

By 1968, South Africa had had a Nationalist government for twenty years, a fact more significant for the literature of the country than the mere number of items listed in the Bibliography for the period 1964-8 can possibly suggest. A careful analysis of the items listed, however, reveals tendencies which can be accounted for only by the increasingly rigid application of an ever-growing body of censorship legislation, designed not simply to prevent the spread of pornographic or obscene literature, but mainly to impede the circulation in print of any ideas which may be construed as being in any way critical of official government policy. Censorship legislation has been in existence in South Africa since 1892, and was not a creation of the present government, but only since 1948, the year in which the Nationalists came to power, have the laws been altered, and deliberately used, to enforce the official ideology of the ruling party. This ideology, Apartheid, politely translated for English-speakers, as 'separate development', is based, it is claimed, on the 'traditional way of life' in South Africa. In effect, it means legally enforced segregation and consequent racialdiscrimination. According to government apologists, 'Apartheid, basically, insists that the white nation must continue to rule itself and the carious other peoples must be led on the same road.' 1 This doctrine, envisaging permanent white domination of a non-white majority, is of course totally abhorrent to twentieth-century thought, especially in Africa. It is also becoming obvious, even to the conservative white electorate in South Africa, that it is increasingly difficult to maintain this policy without the use of undemocratic and violent means. Few South African writers, to their credit, have found themselves able to concur in the assertion that Apartheid is indeed their traditional way of life or that it should