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Response of lymphocytes from patients with gastrointestinal cancer to the carcinoembryonic antigen of the human digestive system

The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) of the human digestive system is a tumor‐specific constituent of all entodermally‐derived digestive organ cancers. It is, however, also found in fetal gut, pancreas, and liver in the first two trimesters of gestation. Hum oral antibodies to the CEA have been demonstrated in most patients with non‐met static gastrointestinal cancers but have no apparent relationship to the course of the disease. The present investigation was designed to study cell‐mediated immunity to the CEA. The test system employed was that of lymphocyte transformation upon in vitro exposure to the antigen. No significant response was obtained with lymphocytes from patients with gastrointestinal cancer, pregnant women, or normal individuals. Hence, with the test system employed, no evidence for a cell‐mediated immune reaction to the CEA was observed.