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Diagnosing unknown aberrations in an adaptive optics system using phase diversity

We outline a novel method for the estimating a fixed aberration that is in the image path, but not in the wavefront sensor (WFS) path of an adaptive optics (AO) imaging system. We accomplish this through a non-traditional application of the Gonsalves least-squares phase diversity technique using an ensemble of images and WFS data. The diversity phases required for the Gonsalves technique are provided by the temporal differences in WFS residual phase measurements for different members of the ensemble. The technique is demonstrated using actual observations from an operational AO system exhibiting such aberration. An estimate of this aberration was obtained using the proposed algorithm which agrees reasonably well with the observed point-spread function.