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Regulation of morpho-physiological and vase quality attributes of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) cv. tabasco mediated by GA3

Gibberellic acid (GA3) is an excellent plant growth regulator and a promoter of vase life that accelerates the antioxidant activities in plants. In the current study, GA3 was tested for its hypothesized influences on growth and vase life attributes of the carnation plant. Plants were treated with triple-frequency six levels of GA3, i.e., controls (no GA3 treatment), 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/L initiated one-month post-transplantation. The results helped to infer several floral traits following GA3 treatments. Early flower initiation, flower diameter, stalk length, stalk diameter, flower yield per plant, and maximum fresh and dry weight of cut flowers were grossly improved with the highest concentration of GA3. The variance in the improved traits of plant parameters was explained by the increasing concentrations of GA3 foliar spray. The parameters enormously influenced by GA3 treatments were the percentage of flower opening and the vase life of cut flowers, which were likely attributable to the reduced ethylene synthesis and improved membrane integrity of petals. The activities of antioxidant enzymes varied between 25 mg/L and 400 mg/L GA3 treatments versus control. The study provided a sound insight into the favorable effects of GA3 applications on overall growth and antioxidant activities of carnation cut flowers, which prolonged their vase life.