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Postcardiac injury syndrome. An immunologic pleural fluid analysis.

The postcardiac injury syndrome (PCIS) is characterized by inflammation of the pericardium, pleura, and pulmonary parenchyma following a variety of cardiac injuries. Although it has been clinically recognized for decades, confirmation of the syndrome has been problematic owing to lack of a sufficiently diagnostic test. Previously, we have reported pleural fluid characteristics which help to exclude other diagnoses that may mimic the syndrome. We describe the first immunologic assessment, including antimyocardial antibody testing, of pleural fluid from a patient with PCIS which supports a local immunologic mechanism in the pathogenesis of the syndrome. These results support the important role of pleural fluid analysis in the diagnosis of PCIS.