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Managing energy usage and cost through load distribution in multi-data-center services

OF THE DISSERTATION Managing Energy Usage and Cost Through Load Distribution in Multi-Data-center Services by Kien Trung Le Dissertation Directors: Ricardo Bianchini and Thu D. Nguyen Multi-data-center services will soon be common place. These services raise many questions about how exactly to distribute the offered load across the data centers. In fact, different load distributions may produce wildly different monetary costs, performance, and/or energy consumption. Moreover, these large services consume large amounts of energy produced via carbon-dioxide-intensive means. We refer to this as “brown energy”, in contrast to renewable or “green” energy. This large energy consumption represents significant and fast-growing financial and environmental costs. Increasingly, services are exploring dynamic methods to manage energy and energy-related costs while respecting their service-level agreements (SLAs). Furthermore, it will soon be important for these services to manage their usage of brown or green energy. Based on these observations, this dissertation explores load distribution policies that minimize cost or energy consumption, while respecting the services’ performance requirements. First, we design, implement, and evaluate software support for multidata-center Internet service providers to take advantage of temporal and spatial variability of electricity prices and on-site generation of green energy. Second, we extend this framework with support for capping brown energy consumption without excessively increasing costs or degrading the performance of Internet services. Third, we design,