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Clinical Study on Role and Efficacy of Lower Dose of Carboprost [125 μg] and its Comparision with Oxytocin [10 Units] in Prevention of Postpartum Haemorrhage in Caesarean Section

Introduction: Post-partum hemorrhage (PPH) is an important cause of maternal mortality accounting for nearly 25% of maternal deaths worldwide. It is reported to occur in ~4-6% of all deliveries, and the risk is significantly greater with caesarean delivery than vaginal delivery. Oxytocin is universally accepted as drug of choice but carboprost has also been found to be effective in management of third stage of labour. Carboprost 250 microgram (μg) is associated with significant side effects; however its lesser dose may prove a better uterotonic with fewer side effects. Aims and objective: To evaluate the role and scope of using prophylactic intramuscular carboprost [125 μg] in comparison with intramuscular oxytocin [10 units] in prevention of PPH in caesarean section. Material and methods: 200 pregnant women admitted in labour room undergoing caesarean section were included in this study after taking informed consent and were randomly divided into group 1 and 2, where Group 1 received intramuscular carboprost 125 microgram and Group 2 received intramuscular oxytocin 10 units, within 1 min of delivery of baby. Comparative study was done in both the groups and assessment was done in terms of blood loss, incidence of PPH, additional requirement of drugs and side effects. Results and conclusion: Patients who received carboprost [125 μg] had lesser blood loss as compared to patients who received oxytocin. Mean blood loss was 405 ml and 560 ml in patients who received carboprost and oxytocin respectively. Also there was less need of additional uterotonics in patients who were given carboprost. Out of 50 patients receiving carboprost only 4 patients complained of vomiting and 8 complained of nausea.