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Modeling Thermal Influence on Animal Growth and Sex Determination in Reptiles: Being Closer to the Target Gives New Views

Many species of oviparous reptiles, including crocodilians, a majority of turtles, some lizards and the 2 closely related species of Sphenodon have been shown to display temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD). Whereas it has been demonstrated very early that TSD also occurs in natural conditions, the relationship between a time series of changing temperatures and sex ratio remains a challenging problem for reptiles. We describe how a physiological model of embryo growth, gonadal development and aromatase activity can produce outputs that mimic well TSD. We provide an enhancement of a previously published model taking into account direct effect of temperature on aromatase activity. The comparison between the original model and the new one suggests that aromatase expression is controlled by a repressor factor expressed at masculinizing temperatures rather than its enhancement at feminizing temperatures.