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Mesenchymal Stem Cell‐Derived Extracellular Vesicles Improve the Renal Microvasculature in Coexisting Metabolic Syndrome and Renovascular Disease in Swine

Superimposition of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) on renovascular disease (RVD) amplifies intrarenal microvascular loss. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) may mediate their paracrine effect, but their efficacy to protect the renal microcirculation in RVD complicated by MetS remains unclear. Using a novel swine model, we tested the hypothesis that EVs would attenuate microvascular loss in MetS+RVD.