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The place of surgery in the treatment of re-emerging pulmonary tuberculosis.

BACKGROUND
A marked worldwide increase in prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis occurred during the past 15 years. The reasons for this change include the worldwide epidemic of AIDS, poverty and unprecedented migration of people.


METHODS
During the past 12 years, we operated on 57 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis or its sequelae. In 42 patients the disease was active at the time of operation.


RESULTS
Two patients died of operative complications; one, of unrelated causes. There were three major non-fatal complications. In 49 patients tuberculosis was eradicated; five patients still have active disease and remain under drug therapy.


CONCLUSIONS
High level of clinical awareness is the most important factor in disclosure and early treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. Indications for operation are strengthened by alcoholism, drug abuse, poverty and other social factors. BCG vaccination of tuberculin-negative children should be considered as a preventive measure.