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Thermal Fatigue Crack Initiation of Laser Deposited High-temperature Titanium Alloy Ti60A in 20–700 °C

Abstract Thermal fatigue damage of high-temperature titanium alloys is of great concern for severe temperature-fluctuating environment, and the thermal fatigue crack initiation stage plays a crucial role in thermal fatigue life. In present study, thermal fatigue tests keeping 55 seconds at 700 °C followed by water cooling 15 seconds at 20 °C were performed for the laser deposited high-temperature titanium alloy Ti60A (Ti5.54Al3.38Sn3.34Zr0.37Mo0.46Si). Thermal fatigue cracks initiate after 800 thermal fatigue cycles with a length of 20 µm. Subsequently numerous cracks grow to 500 µm and cause severe degradation after 1000 cycles. To investigate the crack initiation behavior, microstructural changes during thermal fatigue process were examined by OM, SEM, EPMA and TEM. Thermal fatigue cracks initiate preferably at grain boundaries, α/β interfaces, microvoids, and abnormal coarsened α produced by oxygen interstitial solution. Mechanisms of thermal fatigue crack initiation are related to compatibility of local deformation and microstructural changes during thermal fatigue process.