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Averaging Pitot Tubes ; Fact and Fiction

An experimental investigation has been undertaken to elucidate effects of averaging stagnation pressures on estimated velocities for pressure averaging instruments such as averaging Pitot tubes or velocity grids. The data from this study suggests that although an averaging Pitot tube does accurately measure the average stagnation and dynamic pressure, errors in the average of the velocity or volumetric flux (which are overpredicted) can be significant if large velocity gradients are present. The data indicates that if an averaging instrument is to be used, the installation location should be surveyed with a Pitot tube or other point velocity-measuring device, such that the values from these measurements may be compared to the averaging instruments estimates.