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Tibet in Agony: Lhasa 1959. By Jianglin Li. Translated by Susan Wilf. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2016. xxiv, 410 pp. ISBN: 9780674088894 (cloth, also available as e-book).

Pema Trinlé’s revisions to the ritual practices and the lineage transmission were designed to downplay the contributions of rival Nyingma masters aligned with his patron’s enemies. Dalton then explores another attempt to revise this tradition that occurred a few decades later in an entirely different political environment, following the victory of the Fifth Dalai Lama. He discusses the efforts of Lochen Dharmasŕı ̄ at Mindröling Monastery to integrate rival textual and ritual traditions into a comprehensive Spoken Teachings canon, complete with the associated ritual practices, including a revised Sūtra initiation practice tradition. He argues that this reflects the more inclusive post-conflict political environment in late eighteenth-century central Tibet. In conclusion, with this book Dalton makes another important contribution to the field of Tibetan studies. This work, a focused study on a single tradition, weaves its history into the larger tapestry of Tibetan religious and political history. In so doing, it makes a serious contribution to our understanding of Tibetan religious history by demonstrating the relevance of what was until recently a poorly understood textual tradition, and showing the surprising ways it impacted Tibetan history.