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A Novel Synthetic Inertia Control for Wind Turbine Integration into Traditional Grids

The quick increasing penetration of distributed generation, and of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) is decreasing the total rotating inertia of the electric systems introducing new challenges in the frequency support that system operators need to face to avoid dangerous operation condition of the electricity grid. In this framework, frequency support for RES is becoming a substantial aspect to be studied to make public grid reliable and secure. This article wants to propose a new approach for the synthetic inertia of Wind Turbine Generators (WTGs) to assure an effective impact on the system frequency avoiding unstable operation of the WTG and minimizing secondary frequency drop due to the rotor speed restoration. Furthermore, the paper will detail the definition of switching logics to activate and deactivate the frequency support controller and its implementation in available industrial controllers. The performances of the proposed controller are tested in both a simplified and more realistic configuration to assess both its impact on the WTG dynamics and on the system frequency.