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End-to-End Spoken Language Understanding: Bootstrapping in Low Resource Scenarios

End-to-end Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) systems, without speech-to-text conversion, are more promising in low resource scenarios. They can be more effective when there is not enough labeled data to train reliable speech recognition and language understanding systems, or where running SLU on edge is preferred over cloud based services. In this paper, we present an approach for bootstrapping end-to-end SLU in low resource scenarios. We show that incorporating layers extracted from pre-trained acoustic models, instead of using the typical Mel filter bank features, lead to better performing SLU models. Moreover, the layers extracted from a model pre-trained on one language perform well even for (a) SLU tasks on a different language and also (b) on utterances from speakers with speech disorder.