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Influence of osmotic and cationic stresses on high pressure inactivation of Escherichia coli

We analyzed high hydrostatic pressure (HP)-induced inactivation of Escherichia coli in the presence of sucrose, NaCl, KCl, or LiCl under 250–400 MPa. Salt stress response (osmotic or cationic) mechanism was demonstrated to be evaluated by HP-induced inactivation kinetics. We selected nine mutant strains from the Keio collection; five strains each lacked one osmoregulatory gene (ΔmzrA, ΔenvZ, ΔompR, ΔompC or ΔompF), and four strains each lacked one cationic stress-response gene (ΔmscS, ΔmscL, ΔchaA or ΔnhaA). The nine mutants exhibited three different patterns of HP-induced inactivation. Of the nine genes, four (mzrA, mscS, nhaA and mscL) were involved in piezotolerance at NaCl concentration of 0.0–0.35 M.