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Differential proteomic analysis of wild type mast cells and ganglioside deficient mast cells

Gangliosides are lipid raft constituents that contain high levels of cholesterol, sphingolipids and gangliosides, and proteins with lipidic modifications. Gangliosides are active components of extracytoplasmic leaflet in the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells. They can act as receptors for viruses and bacterial toxins and also modulate receptor functions in several cell types, including mast cells. In the present study a rat mast cell line, RBL‐2H3, and the mutant cell line D1, deficient in GM1 and the gangliosides derived from GD1b. The cells were submitted for a comparative proteomic analysis using 2D‐Gel electrophoresis, bidimensional gel image analysis (software ImageMaster 2D Platinum v. 7.0) and mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF‐MS). These analyses 14 proteins were detected that are differentially expressed between the two cells lines. These proteins function in many cellular processes such as: signaling and regulation of cellular cycle. Among the proteins identified, the galectin 1 is expressed only in the RBL‐2H3 cells. Others studies have shown that galectin 1 interacts with the ganglioside GM1 inducing a fast reorganization of lipid rafts and then internalized into endossomes. In addition galectin 1 is important in the regulation of cellular adhesion, cellular growth and the immune response. Therefore this protein is a good target for the future studies on the role of lipid rafts in mast cells.