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Spatial orientation of six-month-old infants.

RIESER, JOHN J. Spatial Orientation of Six-Month-Old Infants. CHILD DEVELOPMENT. 1979, 50, 1078-1087. This study was designed to test the spatial orientation of 6-month-old infants. Subjects were trained in 1 position to anticipate the appearance of a display at 1 of 4 possible target doors. Then subjects were moved, and the direction of their visual search for the now hidden display was recorded. Reference information was varied across the 6 experimental conditions. In some conditions the 4 doors were discriminably patterned so that subjects could use the patterns as landmarks, whereas in other conditions the doors were identically unpatterned. In 1 condition subjects were laterally tilted so that gravity would be relevant to the task, whereas in all other conditions subjects were supine so that gravity would not be relevant. When reference information was absent, subjects responded egocentrically and apparently did not keep track of their movements into test position. When gravity was relevant to the task, subjects searched preponderantly at the geocentric door and apparently encoded the direction of their learned responses relative to gravity during training. In some conditions with landmarks subjects searched at the geocentric door but not in others. Apparently, 6-month-olds can encode a location relative to a landmark, but in many situations their visual search behavior is dominated by the learned egocentric code.