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Recycled fuel of a nuclear power system

Nuclear power has two main problems – spent nuclear fuel and a limited resource of natural uranium. To solve them, there is a proposal to reprocess spent fuel, which makes it possible to extract unused fissile materials from it and use them in thermal reactors. However, this solution does not allow reuse of spent fuel due to the likelihood of non-compliance with nuclear safety conditions. A more attractive proposal is to introduce fast reactors into the nuclear power and, on their basis, create a closed fuel cycle with reprocessed fuel circulating between fast and thermal reactors. The aim of the study is to establish the conditions for using of reprocessed fuel for self-sustaining in nuclear energy. The research methodology is based on a comparison of the nuclear-physical balance of the burned-out fissile material in reactors and accumulated fissile material in SNF and on this basis the establishment of an optimal model for the use of fuel in a nuclear power system. In this work, we proposed and justified a scheme for the joint operation of thermal and fast reactors with primary loading of the latter with reprocessed fuel from the spent fuel thermal reactors. In this scheme, the thermal reactors maintain their operation on uranium fuel, while the fast reactors operate on the reprocessed fuel from the spent fuel of the thermal reactors and on their own reprocessed fuel.