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Testosterone Supplementation Does Not Affect Skeletal Muscle Growth When Administered Alone in Either Sex and Requires an Additional Anabolic Stimulus to Exert Its Effects in Female Mice

Testosterone (T), the main androgenic hormone, is thought to positively affect skeletal muscle mass and function. The anabolic effects of T have been attributed to its effects on satellite cell proliferation and differentiation as well as its activation of pathways downstream of the IGF‐1 receptor and AKT. The role of T activity in skeletal muscle health and growth however remains equivocal, with some studies showing T to have great importance in muscle hypertrophy, while others suggest a limited role or no significant effect. Considering the increased use of chemical castration as a treatment for prostate cancer, and the growing use of testosterone in the elderly population, there is a growing need to establish T's role on skeletal muscle in relation to sex and age. Therefore, the aim of this project is to delineate molecular pathways that are affected by T as well as the phenotypic outcome of T treatment in skeletal muscle.