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Coral-Like Hierarchical Nanostructured ZnMn2O4/Mn2O3 Composites Synthesized by Zinc-Absent Method as a High-Performance Cathode Material for Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries


 As one of the multivalent ion batteries, the zinc ion battery has the advantages of high-volume energy density and good safety. Here, coral-like and nanoparticle crosslinking hierarchical nanostructured ZnMn2O4/Mn2O3 composites were successfully synthesized as cathode materials for zinc ion batteries by a simple sol-gel combined with the zinc-absent method. ZnMn2O4/Mn2O3 composites with good properties were prepared when the zinc content was 10 %. The prepared ZnMn2O4/Mn2O3 composites have the morphology of coral-like and nanoparticle crosslinking and uniform particle size distribution. Compared with pure ZnMn2O4 and Mn2O3, the composites show excellent electrochemical properties. Using 0.5 M Zn(CF3SO3)2-AN/H2O (8:2) as the electrolyte, the first discharge capacity of the material can reach 170.7 mAh·g-1 at 0.05C. After 150 cycles, the discharge capacity remained 109 mAh·g-1. The kinetic characteristic of the electrode was studied by the galvanostatic intermittent titration technique, and the electrochemical reaction mechanism was studied by ex-situ XRD. It was found that the two-phase recombination improved the diffusion rate of Zn2+. In the field of aqueous zinc ion batteries, an effective modification idea is provided for the research of spinel ZnMn2O4 cathode material with low specific capacity.