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Ownership and Incentives in Joint Forest Management: A Survey

The relationship between the state and communities has been an overriding issue in the development of forestry institutions globally. In many countries, the trend is for communities to become co-managers of public forests. Meanwhile, in development co-operation both poverty and multiple rural livelihoods have received increased attention. In this article, the potential of joint community-state management of forests is discussed. Forest production has several characteristics that make it suitable for joint management where both parties benefit. Involving communities in management decreases the state's monitoring costs, while communities benefit from better access to market information. For this to take place, however, the state forest apparatus needs to be free from undue rent-seeking. The most advantageous solutions are case- and context-specific.