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Effects of Tail Dihedral on Static Stability

It is shown that lifting-line theory closely captures the effects of tail dihedral on the static stability contributions of an aft tail and compares well with experiments. Such computations show that vortex interactions between the lifting surfaces of an aft tail can significantly affect tail performance. For a V-tail, these interactions slightly increase the tail's contribution to pitch stability and substantially decrease its contribution to yaw and roll stability. When horizontal-stabilizer dihedral is used in combination with a vertical stabilizer, it is shown that the tail will provide greater yaw stability if negative dihedral is used in horizontal stabilizers mounted below a vertical stabilizer. Conversely, positive dihedral works best in cases where the horizontal stabilizer is mounted above the vertical stabilizer.