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Simulating facial expressions using anatomically accurate biomechanical model

An anatomically accurate biomechanical model of the human face for simulating facial expressions is presented in this paper. The equations governing large (nonlinear) deformations or finite elasticity were solved using the Finite Element Method with Hermite family cubic elements to obtain the deformed state of soft tissue structures. Anatomically accurate 3D geometry of the muscles were embedded in the FE continuum using grid-based method. Facial movements were driven by an active contraction model for skeletal muscles.