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AKT answer relating to Crohn’s disease

Crohn’s disease can present at any age but most commonly presents between 16 and 30 years of age with no obvious gender dominance. Diarrhoea is the most common symptom and is present in 70–80% of cases. This may or may not be bloody depending on the site of inflammation. Other symptoms include abdominal pain, which is most common in the right lower quadrant, weight loss, anorexia and fatigue. During an acute exacerbation, C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) may be raised, although if normal this does not exclude the diagnosis. Faecal calprotectin is released from areas of inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. This can be measured via a faecal sample and can help differentiate between inflammatory and non-inflammatory bowel disorders. A meta-analysis of 13 studies showed that the faecal calprotectin test has a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 96%. Faecal calprotectin also plays a role in the monitoring of disease activity during treatment.