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Effects of Mithramycin on Calcium Metabolism and Bone in Dogs

Mithramycin (0.1 mg/kg) was administered intravenously to eight Beagle dogs on days 0 and 7 to determine its effects on calcium and phosphorus metabolism, serum parathyroid hormone concentration, osteoclastic bone resorption, and serum biochemical and hematologic parameters. Ionized calcium concentration was paradoxically increased on day 1 and decreased on day 8 in association with an increased serum parathyroid hormone concentration. Serum phosphorus concentration was decreased on days 1 and 2. Osteoclastic bone resorption in iliac cancellous bone was significantly decreased on day 8. There were mild increases in serum alkaline phosphatase (days 1, 2, 4, 8, 9), aspartate aminotransferase (day 9), and gammaglutamyl transpeptidase (days 7, 9) activities. Platelet numbers were increased on days 7 through 13, and packed red blood cell volumes were mildly decreased. This investigation demonstrates that two doses of mithramycin can be administered safely to dogs and may inhibit bone resorption in diseases associated with increased osteoclastic bone resorption, such as humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy.