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Life Table Studies of the Pupal Parasitoid Urolepis rufipes (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) on the House Fly Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) in Denmark

Abstract Urolepis rufipes (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) is a newly recorded species in Denmark. It occurs in connection with livestock facilities, is a parasitoid on houseflies, and may therefore have potential as a biological fly control agent. The effects of five temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30, and 35°C) on sex ratio, development time, survivorship, age-specific fecundity, net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) and generation time of U. rufipes were investigated. Sex ratio was female-biased at all temperatures. Successful development occurred at all temperatures, with a minimum development time near 34°C. Development time of males was significantly shorter than that of females. Immature survivorship was highest at 25°C and 30°C and lowest at 35°C. An inverse relationship was found between longevity of adult females and temperature. The net reproductive rate (R0) was highest at 25°C and 30°C and lowest at 35°C. The maximum rm-value was 0.346 d−1 at 30°C, and the minimum was 0.038 d−1 at 15°C. rm-values of the Danish strain were higher than those previously reported in a New York strain of U. rufipes. Generally, rm was higher than in most other fly pupal pteromalid parasitoids investigated, and hence U. rufipes appears to be a promising control agent for houseflies.