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Ideas and Perspectives on Reproductive Rights

This issue brings together a bristling array of ideas and perspectives on the burgeoning developments in reproductive ethics. Maya Unnithan’s opening article addresses the global face of infertility and the increasing availability and use of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs) in India. Drawing on her fieldwork in Rajasthan, Unnithan’s discussion focuses squarely on a critique of the Indian government’s Draft ART Bill (ACMR, 2005; MOHFW, 2008) and shows how understandings of identity in the reproductive body as embedded in law, culture and morality might facilitate or constrain the market for reproductive services, and individual desire and agency in relation to having children. Roslinda Ofreneo, in highlighting the International Labour Organisation’s statistics on the alarming growth of vulnerable employment in Asian countries, points to the material basis of reproductive choice, and adduces an argument for paying heed to ”reproductive justice” — a framework of concerns that extends beyond conventional reproductive rights, and embraces “the totality of women’s lived experience”. Such provision would include “universal healthcare, access to birth control, maternity and sickness benefits, preand postnatal care, shared parenting and housework, sex education for young people”. By linking women’s economic labour with reproductive justice, Ofreneo stands alongside other advocates who believe that the gender reforms in the past two decades have failed because the key principle of justice for women is missing. Equally gripping is Vibhuti Patel’s report on preferences for sons in Southeast and South Asian countries and the role of sex determination and sex preselection technologies in India. She focuses on the “dangerous turn” in the problem of missing women as well as the subjection of women’s bodies to