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Daily Patterns of Accelerometer-Measured Movement Behaviors in Glaucoma Patients: Insights From UK Biobank Participants

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare daily patterns of accelerometer-measured movement behaviors between glaucoma patients and those without glaucoma. Methods: From 2013 to 2015, 106,053 UK Biobank participants took part in a 7-day accelerometer test. Based on established algorithms, continuous accelerometer data were classified into 4 movement behaviors: moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and sleep. Glaucoma and other covariates were defined according to baseline assessments and inpatient diagnosis records. Negative binomial regression models were used to compare daily patterns of movement behaviors between glaucoma patients and those without glaucoma. Results: Accelerometer data from 1262 glaucoma patients and 81,551 participants without glaucoma were included. Compared with participants without glaucoma, glaucoma patients spent 4.7% less time on MVPA in multivariable models [mean=28.3 vs 31.4 min/d; incidence-rate ratio (IRR) 0.953, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.910–0.998; P=0.044], which was mainly attributed to the decreased MVPA time during 18:00–23:59 (IRR=0.863, Bonferroni-corrected 95% CI: 0.768–0.970; P=0.002). Subgroup analyses indicated that compared with those with normal body mass index, the decreased MVPA time was more pronounced in participants with overweight and obesity (IRR=0.912, Bonferroni-corrected 95% CI: 0.851–0.978; P for interaction=0.007). No significant association was found between glaucoma and time spent on other movement behaviors including light physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and sleep. Conclusions: Daily patterns of movement behaviors were significantly changed in glaucoma patients. Compared with those without glaucoma, glaucoma patients spent less time on MVPA, especially in the evening.