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Microbe-mediated Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Its Biomedical Applications

Nanotechnology is the manipulation of material such that it gains certain unique properties not exhibited by its bulk counterparts. Nanomaterials are materials whose components are in the size range of 1 to 100 nm. Nanoparticles possess unique physical and chemical properties that are dependent on their size, shape, structure, and stability. Owing to characteristics not exhibited by the bulk material, nanoparticles have emerged as a novel drug molecule. They are suitable for catalysis, bio-sensing, medical imaging, remediation, agriculture, drug delivery, healthcare, and many other multi-disciplinary applications. They have been extensively used in these fields because of their high stability, solubility, biocompatibility and therapeutic properties (Khan et al. 2017, Jeevanandam et al. 2018). Different metal and metal oxide nanoparticles are being employed in cosmetic formulations, textile industries, and medical and pharmaceutical applications.