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Fabrication and Characterization of Er-Diffused Ti:LiNbO3 Waveguide Lasers

Er-doped LiNbO3 waveguide lasers are attractive for implementation of waveguide devices with novel functions, although the fabrication techniques are not fully-established yet. Fabrication and characterization of an Er-diffused Ti:LiNbO3 waveguide lasers are demonstrated in this paper. Thermal diffusion technique was used for Er-doping into z-cut LiNbO3. A Fabry-Perot type laser cavity consisting of a Ti:LiNbO3 channel waveguide, a dichroic and an Al mirrors was fabricated on the crystal. The Al mirror allowed double-pass pumping. The device was optically pumped at 1.48 µm wavelength using a laser diode, and a continuous wave (CW) laser oscillation was achieved at 1.53 µm. The threshold was 74 mW, and an output power of ∼ 1 mW was obtained. The results agreed with theoretical prediction fairly well. The device design was studied theoretically for higher performance.