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Religion and Social Structure in India

The publication of Homo Hierarchicus in French in 1966 and in English in 1970 firmly established Louis Dumont as one of the most innovative and controversial contemporary scholars of Indian society and religion. He has since largely turned his attention away from Indian studies in an ambitious effort to uncover the roots and development of "the Western ideology" of individualism and equality -the counterpoint to the ideology of caste and hierarchy he found in its "ideal" form in India. In this second edition of Homo Hierarchicus, Dumont has added a methodological postscript ("Toward a Theory of Hierarchy") and a lengthy new preface in which he attempts to assess the book's impact and the sizable body of criticism it has engendered. This edition also includes three important appendices previously omitted in the English translation: "World Renunciation in Indian Religions" (probably the best succinct overview of Indian religious history and structure currently available), "The Conception of Kingship in Ancient India" (a sustained argument for the very early secularization of Indian kingship), and "Communalism and Nationalism" (the Hindu-M\uslim problem in light of Dumont's warmed-over Durkheimian dichotomy between "traditional" and modern societies). Louis Dumont, a social anthropologist trained by Mauss and influenced by Levi-Straussian structuralism, claims the interest of historians of religions not only by reason of his fine exposition of