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Transient Erythroblastopenia of Childhood in Infants <6 Months of Age

Purpose During a 6-year period, we identified six infants <6 months of age with transient erythroblastopenia of childhood (TEC). Patients and Methods Ali patients presented with moderate to severe anemia, reticulocytopenia, and age-appropriate mean corpuscular volume and fetal hemoglobin level. Results Severe aregenerative anemia in an infant <6 months of age often raises the diagnostic possibility of Diamond Blackfan anemia (DBA). Given prognostic and therapeutic implications, distinction between DBA and TEC is of crucial importance. Conclusions We suggest that TEC may occur more commonly in infants <6 months of age than has heretofore been recognized and that it has a clinical and hematologic picture similar to that seen in older children. Recognition of the occurrence of TEC in very young infants may help avoid an inappropriate diagnosis of DBA.