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Effects of Treatment with Antiepileptic Drugs on Serum Lipid Profile in Epileptic Children

The effect of antiepileptic drug (AED) Therapy on serum Lipids and Lipoproteins was studied in 40 freshly diagnosed epileptic children compared with 20 normal children. The patients receiving valproate (VPA) had lower serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density Lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and higher high–density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) than controls. The patients receiving carbamazepine (CBZ), phenobarbital (PB), and phenytoin (PHT) showed significant increase in serum levels of TC, LDL-C and HDL-C. CBZ also caused significant increase in triglycerides and VLDL-C levels. The results may be explained by the different biotransformation pathway of these drugs. We recommended monitoring of serum Lipid and lipoprotein levels in children receiving CBZ, PB, and PHT and prescription of diet treatment, at least during the time of AED therapy.