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Hypothalamic neurocysticercosis presenting with polyuria: a first report of an unusual manifestation.

Neurocysticercosis is the most common cystic lesion to occur in the central nervous system, especially in developing and tropical countries. Dissemination of infection with cysticercus occurs in humans after the ingestion of the eggs of Taenia solium in contaminated food (accidental intermediate host), after the regurgitation of eggs, from the intestine into the stomach, in a patient who harbours the adult worm (internal autoinfection), or carried by unclean hands (autoinfection). Larvae or oncospheres invade the gastrointestinal mucosa and spread haematogenously to other organs. The most commonly affected organs are the brain, eyes and skeletal muscles. The characteristic lesion of cysticercus is a cyst with an internal scolex. Although 80% of the cases of neurocysticercosis are asymptomatic, patients may present with seizure, headache, symptoms of hydrocephalus or increased intracranial pressure, visual blurring due to papiloedema, visual field defect and diplopia. Hormonal disturbances are rare presentations. Neurocysticercosis of the pituitary gland and hypothalamus are so uncommon that only a few cases have been reported in the literature [1–4]. We report a patient with neurocysticercosis who presented with polyuria. Tests revealed complete central diabetes insipidus (DI) and panhypopituitarism resulting from hypothalamus and pituitary gland involvement by neurocysticercosis. Case