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Development and Assessment of a Transoral Robotic Surgery Curriculum to Train Otolaryngology Residents

Purpose of the Study: (1) To develop a multifaceted didactic and hands-on curriculum to prepare otolaryngology residents to perform transoral robotic surgery (TORS) and safely transition to the operating room. (2) To assess the effectiveness of the TORS curriculum. Procedures: Learning objectives were developed and a curriculum was formulated utilizing five unique modalities: focused didactic reading, online training modules, backpack console simulations, videos of TORS cases, and hands-on cadaveric dissections with the robotic surgical system in a simulated operating room. The trainees completed a nine-item self-assessment of their skill level using a Likert scale. Results: Five senior otolaryngology residents completed the TORS curriculum. Before and after the cadaveric dissections, there was improvement in each of the nine items assessed. Composite scores were calculated and there was significant improvement from predissection (15.2 ± 2.2) to postdissection (31.4 ± 1.9) (p = 0.002). Conclusions: The current study demonstrates the feasibility of implementing a multifaceted TORS curriculum which incorporates robotic cadaveric dissection for otolaryngology residents. Residents demonstrate marked improvement in skills with the TORS curriculum. A TORS curriculum which includes robotic cadaveric dissection can improve surgical skills and serve as a key component of residency TORS education.