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Analysis of Energy Consumption in Multi-hop Wireless Sensor Networks

Modeling and conserving energy is one of the fundamental research problems in sensor networks. We analyze the energy consumption for sensor networks in which each sensor periodically reports its measured data from the field to a processing server. We study the trade offs between single-hop and multi-hop transmissions in terms of energy efficiency. In our analysis, we employ a realistic energy model that captures various aspects of energy consumption in sensors. We compute the optimal transmission distance for each sensor to minimize the total energy consumption. Our analysis shows that our optimal solution not only minimizes the total energy consumption, but also balances the average per-node energy consumption across all nodes, and hence prolongs the sensor network lifetime.