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Results of the microbiota assessment in experimental ulcerative colitis

Background. The increased incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the world and the lack of consensus on the causes and development mechanisms of IBD are the key factors that determine the relevance of the study. According to some authors, in the pathogenesis of the development and occurrence of ulcerative colitis, one of the leading causes is a change in the composition of the colon microflora and the impact of products of microbial metabolism on the enteric nervous system and intestinal motility. The aim was to study the qualitative and quantitative changes in the colon microbiota in rats when modeling ulcerative lesions. Materials and methods. The experimental study was carried out using male Wistar rats (n = 24). An original model of ulcerative colitis was used.The quantitative and qualitative composition of the parietal microflora of the distal colon was determined. Results. In the ulcerative colitis model, changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the parietal microflora of the colon were revealed. On the 3rd day, there was a decrease in Lactobacillus ssp. and Escherichia coli, as well as growth of fungal microflora and appearance of opportunistic bacteria. The changes were progressive in nature, and by the 7th day of the study, marked reduction of the total parietal concentration of the normal flora bacteria and an increased percentage and absolute number of opportunistic microorganisms. By the 10th day of the experiment, with a small increase in the total number of parietal bacteria, the predominant microorganisms were Bacteroides ssp. (26.8%) and Peptococcus ssp. (27.6%).