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Tissue Distribution and Systemic Toxicity Evaluation of Raloxifene Targeted Polymeric Micelles of Poly (Styrene-Maleic Acid)-Poly (Amide-Ether-Ester-Imide)-Poly (Ethylene Glycol) Loaded With Docetaxel in Breast Cancer Bearing Mice.

BACKGROUND
Due to low water solubility of docetaxel (DTX) it is formulated with ethanol and Tween 80 with lots of side effects. For this reason, special attention has been paid to formulate it in new drug nano-carriers.


OBJECTIVE
The goal of this study was to evaluate the safety, antitumor activity and tissue distribution of the novel synthesized raloxifene (RA) targeted polymeric micelles.


METHODS
DTX-loaded RA-targeted polymeric micelles composed of poly(styrene maleic acid)-poly(amide-ether-ester-imide)-poly(ethylene glycol) (SMA-PAEE-PEG) were prepared and their antitumor activity was studied in MC4-L2 tumor bearing mice compared with non-targeted micelles and free DTX. Safety of the micelles was studied by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of tumors and major organs of the mice. The drug accumulation in the tumor and major organs was measured by HPLC method.


RESULTS
The results showed better tumor growth inhibition and increased survival of mice treated with DTX-loaded in targeted micelles compared to the non-targeted micelles and free DTX. Histopathological studies, H&E staining of tumors and immunohistochemical examination showed the potential of DTX-loaded RA-targeted micelles to inhibit tumor cells proliferation. The higher accumulation of the DTX in the tumor tissue after injection of the micelles compared to the free DTX may indicate the higher uptake of the targeted micelles by the G-protein-coupled estrogen receptors (GPER).


CONCLUSION
The results indicate that RA-conjugated polymeric micelles may be a strong and effective drug delivery system for DTX therapy and uptake of drug into tumor cells, and overcome the disadvantages and side effects of conventional DTX.