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Use of Vena Cava Filters

Venous thromboembolism remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Although anticoagulation is considered the mainstay of treatment, placement of vena cava filters is generally indicated in circumstances when there is a contraindication, complication, or documented failure of anticoagulation therapy. A number of devices are available and approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use. Each of these devices has distinct designs and deployment mechanisms and, more importantly, have variable data on safety and effectiveness. It is paramount for physicians to be familiar with the specific features of each device. This article addresses the indications, techniques of deployment, and complications associated with vena cava filters. Unique features and comparison data of each available device is presented.