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Mega Trends and Higher Education Scenarios, a Case Study: Islamic Republic of Iran

In today's world comprehensive development of a country remains proportionate to its generation, application and propagation of science. In other words, it is related to the capability of the society to manage science and knowledge. If we accept this principle and believe in it, we will come to this understanding that we need precise planning and a national will to institutionalization the management of science in our country. This explains why the producers of knowledge and science, particularly the higher education system with its universities and research centers, gain crucial importance. A brief review of the higher education philosophy in the world and developed countries reveals the influential role of universities in social issues due to their potentials and the specialized capabilities. Higher education contributes to development in areas such as provision of the required specialized human resources for various sectors; solutions for social problems; promotion of culture; establishment of research centers; professional teacher training; transfer of civil capital and generation of science and innovation. Basically, universities were established aiming at transfer of knowledge as well as provision of education based on teaching science, vision and up-to-date expertise. Universities have been considered as the centers for creation of new knowledge based on the research made via basic sciences since 19th century. In 20th century, the university was the center of social transformation while it was playing its role as the underlying institution for theory-making and propagation of new knowledge.