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Assessment of the passive transference of immunity in calves using metabolic indicators

Fifteen cows and their calves (from the races Gyr, Brahaman and the cross Gyr x Holstein) were chosen randomly in order to determine the usefulness of the serum activity of Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the total serum proteins (TSP) as indicators of transference of immunity in calves through colostrum consumption in their first days of life. 300 ml of colostrum were collected from the cows on the day after delivery to determine total solids, total protein and ash content. Blood samples without anticoagulant were taken from the calves by jugular venipuncture on the 0, 4, 12, and 30th day post partum. The concentration of the TSP was determined using refractometry, while the ALP was determined through the enzymatic colorimetric assay. A high and statistically significant relationship was found between the percentages of crude protein of the colostrum and the total solids, thus, it can be concluded that just one of these measurements is required to study both indicators. The effect of time on the concentrations of TSP as well as on the enzymatic activity was evaluated through the use of ANOVA (Analysis of Variance). In the TSP there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the first (69 g/dl) and the 30th day (58 g/dl), in which the lowest concentration occurred. Average values, higher than 4.5 g/dl of the TSP were found, which may indicate that the calves developed passive immunity through colostrum consumption. The ALP enzymatic activity decreased progressively during the period of study (1326.4 U/L n the 1st day cf. 599 U/L on the 30th day post partum; p < 0.05). However, it was not proved that the ALP can be used as a direct indicator of the transference of passive immunity.