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Authentication technologies for the blind or visually impaired

Current research on "Usable Security" is still in its infancy and usable security solutions are often designed without paying attention to human disabilities. This paper aims to help fill this void in the realm of blind computer users. More specifically, we discuss research challenges we are faced with and the directions we can take towards developing authentication technologies suitable for the blind or visually impaired. Our focus is on two technologies: user authentication, i.e., how a blind user can securely authenticate to a device (remote or otherwise) and device authentication, i.e., how a blind user can securely establish private and authenticated communication between two wireless devices. We hope that our work would inspire other researchers to design security solutions keeping in mind not only human abilities but also their disabilities.