{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.015214384508990318, 'fraction_numerical': 0.005532503457814661, 'mean_word_length': 5.241379310344827, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
The road to CANUSA: how Canadian signals intelligence won its independence and helped create the Five Eyes

ABSTRACT In 1949, Canadian and US officials crafted a signals intelligence sharing agreement called CANUSA. The history of CANUSA, and especially the Canadian record of its context and negotiation, has been covered by official secrecy until now. This article draws on newly released material from an official history account written by the author two decades ago. CANUSA was both a guarantor of the survival and independence of a postwar Canadian signals intelligence effort, and the beginning of an expansion of signals intelligence sharing in peacetime that would ultimately shape the modern ‘Five Eyes’ alliance.