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Cooperative classification method for multi-fault diagnosis of machinery based on parameterized wavelet kernel extreme learning and sparse representation

Owing to complicated manual design and feature extraction processes of mechanical multi-fault classification and recognition methods, single-class classifiers do not adapt well to the high dimensionality and high self-similarity among mechanical vibration signals with nonlinear characteristics, resulting in insufficient classification accuracy. Combining the adaptive learning and feature extraction capabilities of the wavelet kernel-based extreme learning machine (WKELM) with the sparse representation classifier (SRC), this paper proposes a hybrid artificial bee colony (ABC)-optimized Morlet wavelet kernel-based extreme learning machine (ABC-MWKELM) with SRC. The two-level classifier is capable of cooperatively classifying multiple mechanical faults. First, a Morlet wavelet kernel-based extreme learning machine (MWKELM) model that matches the kernel function construction condition is presented. An ABC optimization algorithm is adopted to optimize critical parameters of the MWKELM model, thereby improving the accuracy and generalization ability of the model. In addition, the ABC algorithm is used to optimize the MWKELM model as a pre-classifier for classifying test samples. According to the posterior probability of each training sample category output, the threshold decision method selects candidate categories with a high confidence coefficient. When the preset meets the threshold, the classification result of the ABC-optimized MWKELM is directly adopted. Otherwise, the candidate training samples are used to construct a dictionary and the SRC is used to classify the test samples further. The experimental results demonstrate that compared with the ELM, WKELM, (ELM-SRC), and radial basis function (RBF)-KELM and SRC (RBFKELM-SRC), the method presented in this paper has significant advantages in terms of accuracy of mechanical multi-fault classification. The validity and applicability of this method in mechanical multi-fault classification were verified.