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Computer modelling of hooks for use as intra-operative force sensors.

There are a number of forces applied during scoliosis surgery, the magnitude and direction of which remains unknown. There is little literature concerning the in vivo distribution of forces along the spine. Computer modelling (ANSYS) was used to investigate the possibility of using an instrumented hook to intra-operatively measure the antero-posterior and distraction/compression forces applied by the surgeon during corrective scoliosis surgery. Three hook designs were evaluated based on specific design criteria. ANSYS provided the preliminary analysis to determine the strain distribution in these hooks. One design, the "membrane" design, was selected and a prototype was manufactured. Preliminary tests demonstrate that this prototype will be able to differentiate between the four major forces applied during the surgical correction.