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Reduction of the inhibitory effect of ketoconazole on budesonide pharmacokinetics by separation of their time of administration

Budesonide is a glucocorticosteroid used in the treatment of, for example, inflammatory bowel diseases, with a recommended once‐daily morning dosing regimen. Ketoconazole is a potent inhibitor of the cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) activities and known to inhibit the elimination of drugs metabolized by CYP3A, including budesonide. It is of therapeutic interest to know whether the influence of ketoconazole can be reduced by administration on an occasion different in time to CYP3A substrates.