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The development of a multi-spectral camera used in the detection of crop growth status

The growth status of crops varies in different parts of any field. Currently, the most frequently used method to measure the crop growth status is based on the reflectance of visible light and near infra red (NIR), for the reason that using visible light exclusively is not satisfactory. However, the efficiency of multi-spectral detectors is so low that it has been a bottle-neck in the application of precision agriculture. Hence, to improve the efficiency of detecting crop growth status is vital to the development and popularization of precision agriculture. A multi-spectral camera, which is sensitive to NIR, red and green lights is introduced in this article to solve this problem, with a CMOS device as the imaging unit, an FPGA as the controlling unit and a CompactFlash card as the storage unit. The FPGA is logically divided into several independent modules, which are CMOS controlling module, RAM controlling module and MCU controlling module, so as to implement the function of controlling the whole system. The CMOS controlling module which is functionally the signal generating module is used to generate the waveforms for the CMOS imaging device and to control the on-chip AD converter. The RAM controlling module and CF card controlling module are respectively used to control the storage of the digital data into RAM and into CompactFlash card. Moreover, this paper includes the design of the hardware and the configuration of the CMOS device which is used to optimize the results of the pictures taken. At last, the work to be done to optimize the camera is introduced.