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Lung transplantation: a therapy for interstitial lung disease?

Purpose of reviewInterstitial lung diseases are a heterogenous group of disorders with varied prognosis and treatment options. For those with progressive disease that is refractory to treatment, lung transplantation is considered a therapeutic option. As these diseases are rare, extensive knowledge concerning their natural history as well as their outcomes after lung transplantation is limited. In the past year there have been many publications defining the risks for disease progression and outcomes after lung transplantation. This new information allows us better to identify the risks and benefits of lung transplantation for interstitial lung diseases. Recent findingsThe identified risk factors for poor prognosis before transplant are disease specific. The prevalence of co-morbidities in this patient population is quite high. These co-morbidities affect transplant outcome. As a result of the low incidence of these diseases, we are just now beginning to define meaningful outcomes in this patient population. Additional study is necessary to elucidate risk factors as well as interventions to improve outcomes. SummaryOutcomes after lung transplantation are continuing to improve. For select patients with interstitial lung disease, transplantation remains an appropriate therapy.