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What’s Love Got to Do with It?

Labor migration was a common strategy for Portuguese families at the turn of the twentieth century. For married migrants, it was a gendered strategy that combined male labor abroad with female management of the home. Separation created tensions and led to negotiations of marital roles and expectations. For families separated by migration, letters provided the main vehicle to express, maintain, and restore affective ties in a transnational context, as well as to discuss strategies and decisions within shared understandings of love, duty, and reciprocity. This chapter analyzes the language of emotions used to convey ideas of migration as a family project, to sustain affective relations, and to nurture emotional connections. It focuses on expressions of responsibility and sacrifice as gendered manifestations of transnational affect