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Open-Cell Rigid Polyurethane Foam Using Lithium Salt of 12-Hydroxystearic acid as a Cell Opening Agent

Cell opening characteristics of a polyurethane foam (PUF) with conventional formulation for a closed-cell rigid PUF was studied using lithium salt of 12-hydroxystearic acid (Li-12HSA) as a cell-opening agent. The cell-opening agent, Li-12HSA, was properly prepared in the surfactant silicone oil, in which it existed as uniformly distributed in nanoscale. Cell opening content of nearly 100% could be obtained for the sample with ca. 1.0 phr of Li-12HSA. As the results, it showed that a fully open-cell rigid PUF could be obtained by introducing Li-12HSA as a new reactive cell opener, having a functional group which is able to form a bulky flexible side-chain on PU main chains. Furthermore, the formed open cell rigid PUF showed desirable cell size, bulk density, and thermal conductivity without severe loss of mechanical properties compared to those of the closed-cell PUF which was made without Li-12HSA.