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Complex Cascade Reaction Networks via Cross β Amyloid Nanotubes.

Biocatalytic reaction networks integrate complex cascade transformations via spatial localization of multiple enzymes confined within the cellular milieu. Inspired by Nature's ingenuity, we demonstrate that short peptide based cross-β amyloid nanotubular hybrids can promote different kinds of cascade reactions, from simple two-step, multistep to complex convergent cascades. The compartmentalizing ability of paracrystalline cross-β phases was utilized to colocalize sarcosine oxidase (SOX) and hemin as artificial peroxidase. Further, the catalytic potential of the amyloid nanotubes with ordered arrays of imidazoles were used as hydrolase mimic. The designed SOX-hemin amyloid nanohybrids featuring a single extant enzyme could integrate different logic networks to access complex digital designs with the help of three concatenated AND gates and biologically relevant stimuli as inputs.