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Enhancing the fairness of TCP over Internet using an improved hierarchical packet fair queueing scheme

We proposed an improved hierarchical packet pair queueing (H-PFQ) mechanism, using ACK Spacing, for effective bandwidth management of TCP traffic over ATM networks. According to the pre-determined bandwidth sharing and the class hierarchy of all TCP sessions, we design on algorithm to calculate the required time intervals between consecutive ACK packets of each TCP session to avoid packet drops due to buffer overflow. We demonstrated via computer simulations that the proposed improvement techniques may result in much better performance than the original H-PFQ mechanism used in the forward direction in the sense that not only the effective throughput of the bottleneck link is improved but also the fairness among TCP sessions can be maintained.