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Effects of acidic phospholipids on antiganglioside antibodies in Guillain–Barré syndrome: Role of the disialosyl residue

The activities of anti‐GM1 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) are increased when a mixture of acidic phospholipids, such as phosphatidic acid (PA) and the ganglioside GM1, is used as an antigen in an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In contrast, no obvious enhancing effect is seen on the activities of anti‐GQ1b antibodies in Fisher syndrome. The cause of these different results remains to be determined. We investigated whether it is caused by the difference in the pathogens of the preceding infections or by that in the physicochemical properties of GM1 and GQ1b.