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Organochlorine Insecticides and General Anesthetics: A Comparison of Their Neural Effects

The chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides of the DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) group or the cyclodienes (aldrin, dieldrin, chlordane, heptachlor) promote hyperstimulation of the insect nervous system which can progress to lethality. Fundamental and universal neuronal cellular processes may be affected by these agents, since toxicity induced in higher animals, including man, is characterized, similarly, by hyperexcitability. These insecticides appear to share a number of pharmacological properties with many general anesthetics. These similarities will be reviewed in support of the proposal that the relationship between neuroexcitant organochlorinated insecticides and their depressant analogues is similar to that between the convulsant analogs of general anesthetics and the (depressant) general anesthetics.