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Evaluating intelligence theories: current state of play

Abstract This article evaluates the current state of play regarding the growing number of references to intelligence theory in the intelligence studies literature, with preliminary observations as follows: while most new contributions are extensions or enhancements of existing theories, new intelligence theories have been quite valuable in terms of enhancing understandings of intelligence as a function of government, with additional theories being developed outside the intelligence studies literature. Looking ahead, the development of schools of thought for theories built around particular kinds of questions would help enhance intelligence studies scholarship through debates over definitions, ontological understandings, epistemological frameworks, and theories.