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THE CRIMINAL JURISDICTION OF A COASTAL
STATE IN TERRITORIAL SEAWATERS OVER
FOREIGN-FLAGGED SHIPS IN THE LIGHT OF
INTERNATIONAL LAW

The coastal State does not enjoy the same level of powers over the
territorial sea as it has over land territory. The extent of the coastal State’s
criminal jurisdiction over ships flying a foreign flag is determined by the
Right of Innocent Passage. Although such a ship cannot be considered
an extension of the flag State’s land territory, in the interests of maritime
trade and safe navigation, international law of the sea confers the exercise
of criminal jurisdiction primarily on the flag State. However, the coastal
state can exercise this jurisdiction only in strictly limited cases.

