{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.035046728971962614, 'fraction_numerical': 0.015186915887850467, 'mean_word_length': 5.592307692307692, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Tandem Mass Spectrometric Analysis of the Novel Gemini Surfactant Nanoparticle Families G12-s and G18:1-s

ABSTRACT Gemini surfactant nanoparticles have been successfully used as nonviral gene delivery systems. Using electrospray ionization (ESI) quadrupole time-of-flight (Qq-ToF) hybrid tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), the authors elucidated the molecular structure of 10 novel diquaternary ammonium gemini surfactants, including the establishment of their MS/MS fingerprints. The gemini surfactants tested belong to two different structural families: G12-s and G18:1-s, where “s” corresponds to the spacer length. Similarities and differences in the fragmentation patterns within each gemini surfactant family and between them were also identified. In addition, single-stage MS analysis showed that mass accuracy was less than 5 ppm for all compounds.