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Effect of iodine‐iron interactions on iodine status in double‐fortified salt intervention with female Indian tea pluckers

Previous research showed that consuming iron‐fortified salt improves iron status. Interactions between iodine and iron in double‐fortified salt (DFS) may alter the effect of DFS on iodine status. A randomized, controlled, double‐blind trial was conducted to test the efficacy of DFS as a mechanism to improve iron status. Subjects were 217 female tea pluckers, aged 19–55 yrs, from West Bengal, India. The subjects were randomly assigned to receive iodized salt (controls) or DFS for 10 months. Blood indicators of iron status were measured at baseline and end line, including hemoglobin, serum ferritin, and serum transferrin receptor. Iodine status was determined at baseline and end line by urinary iodine concentration. Subjects consuming DFS had significant improvement in iron status relative to controls. We examined the modifying effect of baseline iodine and iron status and change in iron status across the intervention on the change in iodine status. The results are discussed in the context of designing interventions in multiple‐micronutrient‐deficient settings. Supported by NSF, the Mathile Institute for the Advancement of Human Nutrition and the Micronutrient Initiative.