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Determination of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene surface contamination on M107 artillery projectiles and sampling method evaluation

The Army is interested in determining the explosive signatures of different types of munitions ranging from landmines to artillery projectiles. While a significant amount of work has been performed to determine the explosive signature of landmines, a relatively little amount of research has focused on artillery projectiles. This paper focuses on determining the levels of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) existing on the exterior surface of M107 artillery projectiles. The hypothesis is that there will be detectable levels of TNT on the surfaces of these projectiles due to their manufacture as well as their storage conditions. It is believed that this surface contamination provides one source of TNT that can then contaminate the surrounding environment. It is the goal of this research to determine whether or not projectiles that are manufactured and stored in similar fashions will exhibit a predictable range of TNT concentrations. This data can then be used to predict the level of environmental contamination that would occur if the projectile were present. Initially, the problem of sample collection is addressed. Specifically, quantifying the collection efficiency of different sampling techniques is investigated. This experimental aspect is crucial in determining the total quantity of TNT found of the surfaces of the projectiles. Considerations such as total amount of TNT removed compared to total amount of TNT present (on control samples) as well as the method's ease of use in the field are addressed. Data collected from M107 projectiles being stored at an Army test facility will then be analyzed and discussed.