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Patch antenna design using the gA and the binary method for dual-band applications

This study proposes an innovative patch antenna design for multi-band operation and high radiation efficiency. The design target is the structural shape of a patch and a ground plane. The operating range of patch antenna is set to both the 5G band (3.4−3.7 GHz) and the Bluetooth range (2.4−2.48 GHz). The design process follows two steps, the genetic algorithm (GA) and the binary method. Although the GA has been widely used for patch antenna design, however, it is hard to improve the performance only using the GA due to its restriction on design constraints. Therefore, this study proposes the successive application of the binary method after the GA to derive a unique topological shape of a patch antenna. The application of the binary method enables the design constraint for bandwidth enhancement. Design results are verified through experimental measurements using fabricated antennas.