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Extraction, Isolation and Identification of Caffeic Acid and p-Coumaric acid from N-butanol Fraction of Iraqi Osteospermum ecklonis (F. Asteraceae)

Osteospermum ecklonis, known as the African daisy, is a member of the Asteraceae family that includes more than 600 genera of various daisies. Traditionally O. ecklonis was used for its whitening effect to fight skin hyperpigmentation, implemented recently in several anti-scar topical formulations and as a promising remedy with anti-parasitic activity in India to treat malaria. The available literature survey revealed no studies about Iraqi O. ecklonis phenolic acids, especially caffeic acid, and p-coumaric acid. Therefore, the objective of this study was to extract and isolate these powerful phenolic acids for their promising pharmacological activities. This goal was achieved using 85% methanol followed by fractionation with different solvents (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol) that differ in their polarities. Two phenolic acids were isolated from aerial parts n- butanol fraction by preparative thin-layer chromatography (PLC), then identified by measuring melting point (m.p.), thin-layer chromatography (TLC), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectra, and by analytical high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This study implements a consensus about the Iraqi O. ecklonis plant as a promising plant for its different secondary metabolites, especially the phenolic acids, which detected novelty in this study.