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Propagation of circularly and elliptically polarized few-cycle solitons in a Kerr medium

The stability and interaction of circularly and elliptically polarized few-cycle solitons in a Kerr medium are investigated. By means of the multi-scale method, we present a new class of approximate analytical circularly and elliptically polarized few-cycle soliton solutions. Based on the analytical results, it is shown numerically that the circularly and elliptically polarized few-cycle solitons can propagate stably when parameters are properly adjusted. It is proved that the stability of the circularly polarized few-cycle solitons depends on whether their spectra are in the anomalous-dispersion regime. For elliptically polarized few-cycle solitons, their stability relies on two factors. First, the elliptically polarized few-cycle solitons are more stable when the greater part of their spectra are located in the anomalous-dispersion regime. Second, the carrier frequency also has an influence on the stability of elliptically polarized few-cycle solitons. Furthermore, the interactions of the two and three circularly and elliptically polarized few-cycle pulses are studied. When pulse parameters are suitably chosen, we show the elastic collision, inelastic collision, and repulsive interaction between these multi-few-cycle pulses.