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Emotional Experience Across Adulthood

Strength and vulnerability integration (SAVI) is a theoretical model that predicts changes in emotional experience across adulthood. A growing number of studies find that as people age, they become more adept at using thoughts and behaviors to avoid or mitigate exposure to negative experiences. People gradually acquire this expertise over a lifetime of experiences and are more motivated to regulate their emotions because of perceptions of time left to live. SAVI further posits that aging is associated with physiological vulnerabilities that make regulating high levels of emotional arousal more difficult. In situations in which people experience high levels of distress, age differences that normally favor older adults in the use of emotion-regulation strategies will be attenuated (and may even be nullified or reversed), and the physiological consequences of sustained emotional arousal will be more costly for older adults. In this article, we describe SAVI and discuss recent studies supporting its predictions.