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Gamma-induced pericentric inversion in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Dry seeds of both standard two-rowed spring barley variety “Freya” and translocation line T1586, originating from the same variety were used as experimental material. Doses between 100 and 200 Gy of gamma-rays were applied in order to produce chromosomal rearrangements. Data concerning cytological and selection techniques are given in our previous papers (Gecheff 1989; 1996). The idiograms of chromosomes were constructed following the proposals of Marthe and Kunzel (1994). Since pachytene analysis that might reveal a specific loop formation in plant heterozygous for inversions is practically inapplicable in barley, the examination of the morphology and Giemsa N-banding patterns of somatic metaphase chromosomes were the main approach for selection of plants of interest and identification of inversion breakpoints. Later on, the nature of the induced structural rearrangements were confirmed by examination of meiotic metaphase I of F1 hybrid plants in crosses of mutant forms with their parent lines. Pericentric inversion 2H The karyogram analysis of somatic metaphases of mutant line I-11 revealed an alteration in the morphology of chromosome 2H (an apparent increase in the long/short arm ratio) without any change in the morphology of the rest of chromosomes of the karyotype. A comparative analysis of Giemsa N-banded metaphase chromosomes showed an intrachromosomal transfer of the most distal band of the short arm to the long arm of this chromosome, that has evidently resulted from a pericentric inversion embracing a large segment with total length of 65 mGNs. The putative sites of the inversion breakpoints were found to be located within the segments that do not exceed 9 mGNs, as indicated by arrowheads in Fig. 1A.