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Characterization of Sulphonoglycolipid from the Red Alga Laurencia pedicularioides

Sulfonic acid-containing lipids are commonly referred to as sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerols (SQDG). These lipids are structural components of chloroplast membranes and occur widely in higher plants, algae and photosynthetic microorganisms (Gustafson et at. 1989). The SQDG are acidic lipids located in the thylakoid membranes of oxygen-evolving photosynthetic organisms. The thylakoid membranes are comprised of about 50% protein and 50% lipid and are the intracellular sites of chlorophyll which is bound in specific chlorophyll-protein complexes. Chloroplast thylakoids have a characteristic lipid composition, the major components being monogalactosyl diacylglycerol and digalactosyl diacylglycerol (Araki et al 1989, Johns et al 1977). Sulphonoglycolipids of marine algae have received considerable attention in recent years because of their important biological functions as mentioned above as well as their interesting biological activities (Fusetani and Hashimoto 1975, Gustafson et al 1989, Kitagawa et al 1979, Siddhanta et al 1991 and Son 1990) including anti-HIV-1 activity (Gustafson et al 1989). There are several reports of Sulphonoglycolipids from marine green and red algae (Araki et al 1989, Fusetani and Hashimoto 1975, Siddhanta et al 1991 and Son 1990) and blue-green algae (Gustafson et al 1989). In the course of our continuing programme for isolating biologically active metabolites from marine algae, we have isolated a Sulphonoglycolipid from the methanolic extract of Laurencia pedicularioides (Boerg.) Lamouroux, a marine red alga. Laurencia species are best known for their fascinating array of secondary metabolites including halogenated terpenoids, acetogenins, eicosanoids and polyheterocyclic compounds (Bernart et al 1992). In this communication we report, for the first time, the isolation and characterization of a Sulphonoglycolipid from L. pedicularioides from Indian waters. Materials and Methods