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Characteristics of friction stir spot welding tools in consideration of cutting tools

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the mechanical characteristics during friction stir spot welding when cutting tools are used with consideration made to tool shapes. Friction stir spot welding tools with cutting edges similar to a cutting tool were used in this study, and the rake angles of the tools changed from negative to positive. The failure load in the tensile shear test of an A5052/A6061 friction stir spot lap joint made at a tool rotational speed of 1500 rpm was the highest when using a tool with a negative rake angle, and was almost the same when using tools with rake angles of 0º and positive angles. The thrust force and torque were similar to the results of the tensile shear test. These were the highest when using a tool with a negative rake angle and were almost the same when using tools with rake angles of 0º and positive angles. These results indicate whether it is possible to easily generate and discharge chips during probe penetration. Regarding this, it seems that the rake angle of the tool signiﬁcantly aﬀects the generation and discharge of the chips. These results suggest that the mechanical characteristics during friction stir spot welding can be controlled by changing the tool geometry.