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Changing Images of Science

This chapter draws attention to the fact that we are inclined to characterize some institutionalised kinds of knowing in a culture as constituting, in a sense, "science" only when they are, in this culture itself, explicitly distinguished from common, everyday cognitive activities as a specific sphere of "learning," and are so distinguished by legitimated claims to a priorised access to truth. The chapter focuses on the change of a single aspect of the historical change images of science: the categorical characterization; if you like, the general definition of the very concept of science. The cognitive semantics of science and the social ethnology of the behaviour of scientists as a group ought be supplemented and mediated by a historically oriented cultural pragmatics of science as a specific form of cultural objectivation.Keywords: historical change images; science; social ethnology