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A Unified Controller for Hybrid PV-Battery system with DC Microgrid Voltage Regulation in Grid-connected and Islanding-mode

It is desirable that photovoltaic (PV) arrays provide maximum power during the grid-connected mode since when the bulk grid is present, PV can be controlled as a current source for injecting maximum power (MP) by using a maximum power point (MPP) tracker. During the grid-connected mode, the bulk grid itself can regulate the DC-bus voltage; however, when the bulk grid is not present, then the hybrid PV-Battery system has to generate the reference by themselves, depending on the load power and the power-curtailment most likely would be necessary for voltage regulation at the DC-bus. Because if the PV still provides maximum power when PV power is higher than the load power during the islanding mode, the DC-bus voltage would swell - that might create voltage instability in the system. In order to address this issue, this paper proposed a unified controller which combines the control action of maximum power injection at grid-connected or battery-connected mode and voltage regulation at islanding mode by a single reference voltage generation. The proposed controller's performance is then verified by varying the load side resistance and also dynamic irradiance. The simulation results conducted in MATLAB/Simulink environment show promising results.