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Substrate-modulated directional far field scattering behavior of individual plasmonic nanorods

Steering the energy of the incident light into the specific directions by using plasmonic nanostructures plays a key role for future micro-nano photonic integration and optical imaging systems, but the influence of the dielectric substrate on the full-space far-field scattering image of metal nanostructures remains unintuitive. In this paper, the influence of dielectric substrate on the far-field scattering behavior of surface plasmon resonance mode is systematically investigated. By using a simple model, we found that the dielectric substrate could suppress the backscattering energy of plasmon mode. The greater the refractive index of the substrate, the stronger the inhibition effect. In addition, the forward scattering energy of plasmon mode will be concentrated as the refractive index of the substrate increased. We also realized a directional forward scattering of plasmon mode energy by combining the dielectric substrate and dielectric/metal structures. Our research provides a new strategy for the directional control of the incident light energy in a dielectric substrate.