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High salt diet suppresses the angiogenic competency of bone marrow mononuclear cells

Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM‐MC) are easy to obtain in fairly large numbers and have potential to induce revascularization in ischemic tissues. Unfortunately many disease states, such as hypertension and heart failure, suppress BM‐MC function. In this study we tested the hypothesis that high salt diet (4.0% NaCl, HSD) in donor rats would suppress the BM‐MC angiogenic response in angiogenic deficient rats following 7 days of hind limb electrical stimulation (ES). Following one week on HSD, male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats undergoing ES were injected with either vehicle or BM‐MCs from SD donor rats on HSD or normal salt (0.4% NaCl, NSD). Administration of BM‐MCs from NSD donors, but not HSD donors, restored the angiogenic response in HSD recipients. AngII treatment of HSD donor rats restored angiogenic capacity and Losartan inhibited BM‐MC angiogenic competency in NSD donor rats. The angiogenic capacity of HSD BM‐MCs was recovered by maintaining the donor rats on a NSD following the initial 7 days on a HSD. Furthermore, HSD BM‐MCs had increased levels of apoptosis and the number of endothelial progenitor (CD34+/VEGFR2+) cells, which are believed to participate in revascularization, were reduced as compared to NSD BM‐MCs. This study suggests that HSD impairs the angiogenic competency of BM‐MCs due to suppression of the RAS causing increased apoptosis and decreased CD34+/VEGFR2+ cells in the bone marrow.