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HEMIDESMUS INDICUS (L.) R. BR.: AN OVERVIEW

Since ancient times plants have been used as the primary source for medicinal purposes because of their bioactive compounds. Hemidesmus indicus a twining shrub with laticiferous branches which produce a wide range of bioactive compounds and their plant parts serve as a key component in traditional medicine preparations to treat diseases such as cancer, diabetes, fever, syphilis, leprosy, ulcer, skin disease and also used as a blood purifier, antivenom antidote against snakebites and scorpion stings. other-than medicinal application they are utilized in the production of cosmetics, nutraceuticals, confectionaries, and beverages. Because of these applications H. indicus is identified to be the most traded medicinal plant. Nowadays people are started to prefer herbal-based medicines (Ayurveda and Unani) because of no side-effects when compared to allopathy medicines. due to these events, the harvesting of H. indicus from their natural habitat is increasing. the plant is found to be grown in uncultivated lands and deciduous forests, so this highly valuable plant species is needed to be conserved and to ensure their protection from illegal harvesting. This review summarizes the studies carried out about the pharmacology, phytochemical composition, ethnomedicinal use, and the application of plant biotechnology techniques for the conservation of H. indicus.