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Adenohypophysitis in rat pituitary allografts.

The histologic changes in pituitary allografts transplanted under the kidney capsule from Wistar to Lewis rats were investigated. Normal pituitaries, pituitary autografts and intrasellar pituitaries of rats bearing allografts were also examined. Rats were sacrificed at various times after transplantation. Sections stained with H & E were investigated by light microscopy. Two days after transplantation, the central part of the allografts showed ischemic necrosis. A week later, massive mononuclear cell infiltration composed mainly of lymphocytes was seen. Several weeks after transplantation, the mononuclear cell infiltration decreased, the surviving adenohypophysial cells increased in number and the necrotic area was replaced by connective tissue. In the autografts the central ischemic necrosis was similar to that of the allografts. The mononuclear cell infiltration was, however, mild and the adenohypophysial cells seemed to increase in number earlier than those of the allografts. No histologic changes were noted in control adenohypophyses and in intrasellar pituitaries of rats bearing allografts. It appears that pituitary allografts are “foreign” and evoke an autoimmune response. Pituitary allografts represent useful experimental models to investigate the development and morphology of adenohypophysitis, a rare disease occurring mainly in young women often associated with pregnancy.