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Characterization of Toll‐like Receptors and Beta‐defensin Expression in Porcine Glandular Epithelial Cells

Mucosal epithelial cells lining female reproductive tract (FRT) periodically expose to potential pathogenic organisms. It serves as a component of innate immunity response to invading pathogen through toll‐like receptors (TLRs) in a family of pattern‐recognition receptors (PRRs). Antimicrobial peptides such as porcine beta defensins (PBD1) and PBD2 is one of key effectors of pathogen and TLRs signaling mechanism in the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems to neutralize/control the progression of infection. In this study, we investigated the mRNA expression of TLRs and PBD in primary (PE‐I) and immortalized (IMM) porcine glandular epithelial cells which represented non‐cancer cell lines. TLRs mRNA expression in PE‐I and IMM cells was characterized by RT‐PCR. Both PE‐I and IMM cells showed the similar expression of all known TLRs and PBD but not TLR6, which were different from cancer cells. However, TLR2, 3, 4, 5 and 7 exhibited higher expression in estrogen‐deprived media. This evidence provides the first evidence of TLRs and beta‐defensin the antimicrobial peptide mRNA expression in normal porcine glandular epithelium. Functional relevance of TLRs mRNA expression and their functions based on cytokine production mediated by stimulation of pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or microbial products could be further accessed by using this model.