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The Túmulos as Political Expression in Quevedo’s Poetry

The funerales funeral alabanzas poems de or personas túmulos , ilustres," "inscripciones, are assembled exequias in the y funerales alabanzas de per onas ilustres," are assembled in the third section of the Parnaso, under the auspices of the Melpomene muse (López Pinciano 109).1 The majority of these compositions fall under the category of verses of praise, as the ilustración heading states. There are also a few others which belong to the class of verses of blame, aimed at the enemies of the realm. In dealing with Quevedo's silvas, Carmen Sigler has demonstrated how the author, in his poems of praise or blame, follows the precepts of the epideictic rhetoric.2 Don Francisco, without departing from the conventions of the genre, still manages to exhibit his position apropos the subject about which he writes. He does not stint in his praise of those he genuinely admires. Where, however, his celebration of dignitaries no matter how powerful is more a question of compromise or convenience, he allows a discreet glimpse of their shortcomings. It is my purpose in this work to examine some compositions from this section, to discover the manner in which within the conventions of the genre they reveal the author's thoughts about the dignitaries of whom he writes, and his opinion concerning the political circumstances of the Empire. Throughout his life, Quevedo kept himself involved in the political arena. The vicissitudes of his hazardous existence were always bound by the events of the kingdom. The ups and downs of his fortune ran parallel to his relationship with the statesmen of his day. A strong advocate of the monarchy as the only system of government, his works, both in prose and verse, exalt the image of the sovereign and the servants of the Empire. At the same time, they vilify the enemies of Spain, whether they be rebel subjects, whom he brands traitors, or foreign monarchs, whom he accuses of aggression.3