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NF‐kappaB in the lungs of premature rabbits during mechanical ventilation—comparison between conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) and high‐frequency oscillation (HFO)

The purpose of this study is to compare pulmonary nuclear factor‐kappaB (NF‐kappaB) activity of conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) with that of high‐frequency oscillation (HFO) in premature rabbit lungs. For surfactant‐depleted model, we used premature rabbits in order to exclude the effect of lung lavage on the activation of NF‐kappaB. The premature rabbits were delivered at a gestational age of 27 days by hysterotomy. Both modes of the ventilator were set at the same MAP and FiO2. We used animals that had PCO2 levels of approximately 50‐mmHg. Animals were sacrificed after 1‐hr ventilation with CMV or HFO. Then activity of pulmonary NF‐kappaB was assessed. We observed that NF‐kappaB activity was higher in the lungs of CMV compared with those of HFO, as measured by Western blot analysis. The activity level of NF‐kappaB in the lungs measured by ELISA was significantly higher in CMV group than in HFO group. We conclude that a higher level of NF‐kappaB activation was associated with CMV when compared to HFO. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2007; 42:446–451. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.