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CFTLB: a novel cross-layer fault tolerant and load balancing protocol for WMN

ABSTRACT Wireless mesh network (WMN) forms a wireless backbone framework for multi-hop transmission among the routers and clients in the extensible coverage area. To improve the throughput of WMNs with multiple gateways (GWs), several issues related to GW selection, load balancing and frequent link failures due to the presence of dynamic obstacles and channel interference should be addressed. This paper presents a novel cross-layer fault tolerant and load balancing (CFTLB) protocol to overcome the issues in WMN. Initially, the neighbour GW is searched and channel load is calculated. The GW having least channel load is selected which is estimated during the arrival of the new node. The proposed algorithm finds the alternate GWs and calculates the channel availability under high loading scenarios. If the current load in the GW is high, another GW is found and channel availability is calculated. Besides, it initiates the channel switching and establishes the communication with the mesh client effectively. The utilisation of hashing technique in proposed CFTLB verifies the status of the packets and achieves better performance in terms of router average throughput, throughput, average channel access time and lower end-to-end delay, communication overhead and average data loss in the channel compared to the existing protocols.