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Hormonal effects in vitro on prostatic ribonucleic acid polymerase.

In recent years considerable interest has been directed towards the mechanism by which androgenic steroids control the growth and development of the prostate gland. In particular, the relationship between testosterone (17,B-hydroxyandrost-4-en-3one) and its reduced metabolite 5oc-dihydrotestosterone (17h-hydroxy-5oc-androstan-3-one) within the prostate has been the subject ofintensive research. 5ao-Dihydrotestosterone was implicated in androgen action when it was found to be localized in the nuclei of the rat ventral prostate (Bruchovsky & Wilson, 1968a,b; Anderson & Liao, 1968). Further, Baulieu et al. (1968a,b) indicated that 5a-dihydrotestosterone had a stimulatory effect on cell division and secretion in rat prostatic explants maintained in culture. Since it is well established that enhancement of RNA polymerase activity is one of the earlier androgenic effects in the prostate gland, it is noteworthy that Alfheim & Unhjem (1971) failed to observe a direct effect of 5ao-dihydrotestosterone on the activity of this enzyme system in homogenates, slices or nuclear preparations of rat ventral prostate in vitro. Further studies on the effects of testosterone and its metabolites on the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (nucleotide triphosphate-RNA nucleotidyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.6) of nuclei prepared from rat and dog prostatic tissue are now reported. Observations on the inhibitory effect of various stilboestrol derivatives on this enzyme system are also described.