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Demonstration of motoneuron-12 sparing in cultured Manduca sexta ventral nerve cords.

The emergence of the adult Manduca sexta moth is accompanied by the death of half of the neurons present in the pupal abdominal nervous system (Truman, 1983). This developmental neuronal death is highly selective, so that the same neurons die at the same time relative to emergence in every moth. In the case of the MN-12 motoneurons, this cell death is regulated both by hemolymph concentrations of a steroid hormone, 20-hydroxyecdysone, and by actions exerted by adjacent ganglia (Truman and Schwartz, 1984; Fahrbach and Truman, 1987). This latter effect, which has been previously described in isolated abdomens and in moths with transected ventral nerve cords, has now been reproduced under controlled culture conditions in which the selectivity and extent of postemergence neuronal death is comparable to that seen in vivo. With respect to the MN-12 neurons found in the most anterior unfused abdominal ganglion, A3, the pterothoracic ganglion appears to be the source of a factor that permits these neurons to die according to their usual developmental schedule.