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PREGNANCY AND DIABETIC RETINOPATHY

There have been reports of a few cases in which diabetic retinopathy has been aggravated during pregnancy. Some of the patients have improved after delivery, but in some the visual impairment has been lasting. In the present study 24 diabetics were followed during and after pregnancy, having frequent checks of the blood sugar and fundus. The treatment of the diabetes aimed at a blood sugar below 100 mg/100 ml. The fundus was examined in the ophthalmoscope and photographed. In some cases fluorescein angiography was performed. The patients ranged in age from 17 to 37 years, and the duration of their diabetes was from 0-24 years. Two had mild toxaemia of pregnancy. One had an early spontaneous abortion and one a stillbirth. In 16 of the 24 patients diabetic retinopathy was diagnosed, of the proliferative type in 3. Five exhibited unmistakable progression of the retinopathy during pregnancy. Two of them had mild toxaemia of pregnancy. Of the remaining 3 patients 2 developed proliferative retinopathy. In all 5 cases the changes regressed partially after delivery. Two of the 3 patients who got worse (without having toxaemia) exhibited considerably higher triglyceride values than the mean values for the entire series towards the termination of pregnancy. On the other hand, there was no difference in the cholesterol levels.