{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.02746566791510612, 'fraction_numerical': 0.016229712858926344, 'mean_word_length': 5.217054263565892, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Urban expansion detection with SPOT5 panchromatic images using textural features and PCA

Remote sensing is an effective tool in urban extent mapping and monitoring. In this study, a procedure to detect urban expansion is presented using SPOT5 panchromatic image with 2.5m resolution. First of all, the urban extents of different images are extracted with a PANTEX methodology, which use the anisotropic rotation-invariant textural grey-level co-occurrence measures as the presence of built-up areas. The change detection is performed on the two built-up index images using principal component analysis technique. Finally, the accuracy of this procedure is assessed with visual analysis results. The method shows good performance according to the overall accuracy of 91.18% (Kappa coefficient=0.8719).