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The Bowels of History, or The Perpetuation of Biblical Myth in Walter Benjamin

In the debates over Walter Benjamin's use of theology, two common mistakes are made: first, biblical studies is subsumed under the label of theology, and subsequently, the concept of theology is brought to bear on Jewish and Christian thought without acknowledging the origin of theology in Christian tradition.1 By "theology" I designate a specifically Christian discipline-mistakenly applied to religious traditions other than Christianity in a colonizing fashion-that involves rational reflection upon the experience of the religiously committed in light of the sacred texts, in this case the Bible.2 As far as the second problem is concerned, the majority of Benjamin criticism works with the assumption that Benjamin drew mostly from Jewish theology, without recognizing that this is an oxymoron. Theology is indelibly stamped, in its method and content, with the various Christian traditions. In this respect, Jewish thought does not develop a theology, or theologies, for this is to carry on the Christian appropriation of Jewish thought. Rather, Jewish reflection takes the form of halakhahelaboration on the law-and haggadah-development of the narratives of