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PP2A-3 interacts with ACR4 and regulates formative cell division in the Arabidopsis root

Significance Plant growth and development are mediated through a wide range of proteins, including receptor kinases and phosphatases. The receptor kinase ARABIDOPSIS CRINKLY 4 (ACR4) is part of a mechanism controlling formative cell divisions in the Arabidopsis root. However, the regulation of ACR4 signaling and how it affects cell divisions remains completely unknown. We discovered that ACR4 phosphorylates the PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 2A-3 (PP2A-3) catalytic subunit of the PP2A phosphatase holoenzyme and that PP2A dephosphorylates ACR4. These data exposed a tightly regulated point in the associated biochemical network regulating formative cell divisions in plant roots. In plants, the generation of new cell types and tissues depends on coordinated and oriented formative cell divisions. The plasma membrane-localized receptor kinase ARABIDOPSIS CRINKLY 4 (ACR4) is part of a mechanism controlling formative cell divisions in the Arabidopsis root. Despite its important role in plant development, very little is known about the molecular mechanism with which ACR4 is affiliated and its network of interactions. Here, we used various complementary proteomic approaches to identify ACR4-interacting protein candidates that are likely regulators of formative cell divisions and that could pave the way to unraveling the molecular basis behind ACR4-mediated signaling. We identified PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 2A-3 (PP2A-3), a catalytic subunit of PP2A holoenzymes, as a previously unidentified regulator of formative cell divisions and as one of the first described substrates of ACR4. Our in vitro data argue for the existence of a tight posttranslational regulation in the associated biochemical network through reciprocal regulation between ACR4 and PP2A-3 at the phosphorylation level.