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Change in the Learning and Cognitive Activity of College Students

For many decades now there has been talk in college and university pedagogy about the necessity of viewing the college student primarily as the subject of learning. But the reality of life, both inside the institution of higher learning and outside of it, have been such that for a long time this talk has remained nothing more than just that. Have there been any actual changes observed in the motivation, content, and level of learning and cognitive activity of college students today? We attempted to answer this question on the basis of a study of the change in the learning and cognitive activity of college students at Samara State University over almost two decades. In 1981 the laboratory of sociological research at our university carried out a survey to study the current state of the learning and cognitive activity of college students. A total of 400 students in five specialties were surveyed (mathematics, physics, history, Russian language and literature, and Romance and Germanic philology). In 1997 and 1998, using almost the identical program, another study was made of the learning and cognitive activity and professional orientation of students at Samara State University. A total of 852 students in thirteen specialties were surveyed. We believe that the findings of the survey can be of interest in that they reveal the dynamics of the phenomenon in question in the 1980s to 1990s period, reflecting the emergence of a number of new tendencies in higher education today.