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DC–17-GHz CMOS single-pole-eight-throw switching matrix for radar-based image detection

A new 65-nm-thick single-pole-eight-throw CMOS integrated switching matrix has been developed to control a multiple-input–multiple-output radar-based imaging system, and it can replace the conventional mechanical switching system. The switch has a minimum input and output matching bandwidth of 0–17 GHz with an average insertion loss of 3 to 10 dB from 2 to 17 GHz. A wide bandwidth was designed for the transmission of the 8-GHz-center-frequency, 16-GHz-bandwidth Gaussian monocycle pulse with low distortion. A bandwidth from 0–20 GHz of the switch on the printed circuit board was achieved by flip chip mounting, quarter-wave (λ/4)-length microstrip line impedance matching, and optimization of the board dielectric constant and thickness. With the utilization of two of these switching matrices on the PCB, it became possible to control 16 antennas in a 16-antenna-array breast cancer detection system to detect an aluminum target of 10 × 10 mm2 at a depth of 20 mm.