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Closure of a bronchopleural fistula using bronchoscopic placement of an endobronchial valve designed for the treatment of emphysema.

Pneumothoraces are sometimes complicated by a persistent air leak or bronchopleural fistula requiring prolonged chest tube drainage. Non-surgical treatment of persistent bronchopleural fistulas is often performed in patients who are poor surgical candidates, but the ideal method of closure is not known. Here we report closure of a persistent distal bronchopleural fistula using a one-way endobronchial valve designed for the treatment of emphysema.