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Influence of a metazoan infection in the mouse on enteric colonization and immune response to Escherichia coli.

and wall of all portions of the intestine; the increase was most marked in the upper two segments. Although no bacteria were found in the liver of mice that were not parasitized, 103 E. coli/g of tissue were cultured from parasitized animals. The altered distribution of E. coli was reflected by a greatly increased specific immune response. The mean number of plaque-forming cells to E. coli in the spleens of mice infected with N. dubius was 53,501, as compared with 1,497 in controls that were not parasitized (P < 0.001). These findings suggest that certain gastrointestinal parasites alter the growth and distribution of enteropathogenic E. coli, promoting colonization of the upper intestine where these organisms exert their pathogenicity. In certain socioeconomic environments the weanling host is infected repeatedly with both metazoan and bacterial pathogens. Although infection with either group of agents can produce local and systemic pathogenic effects, little specific information is available on the interaction of these