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Analysis of Electrification Effect on CO₂ Emissions in Korea

Judging whether electrification is effective for the reduction of CO2 emissions is difficult. The reason is that electricity use not only reduces CO2 emissions due to the substitution of fossil fuel in the demand sector, but also increases them in the thermal power generation sector due to the rise in electricity use. In this study, we used LMDI methodology to decompose CO2 emissions in Korea for the period 1980–2015 to analyze the effect of electrification on the levels of CO2 emissions. To this end, several effects in the demand and power generation sectors have been considered as factors. Specifically, CO2 emissions from fossil fuel consumption, considered as final energy, were decomposed by the carbon emission factor, fossil fuel proportion, final energy intensity, per capita GDP, and population effects. Additionally, CO2 emissions from power generation created by electricity use were decomposed by the carbon emission factor, thermal power generation efficiency, thermal power generation proportion, electrification rate, final energy intensity, per capita GDP, and population effects. In this study, electrification rate and fossil fuel proportion effects were considered as electrification effect. As a result, we confirmed that electrification contributed to the reduction of domestic CO2 emissions.