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Evaluation of Naturally Occurring Radionuclide in Soil Samples from Erena Mining Sites in Niger State, Nigeria

This study presents results of Activity Concentrations, Absorbed dose rate and the Annual Effective dose rates (i.e 3 – 67 μSv.y -1 ), with an average Annual Effective Dose of 0.0848mSv.y -1 (i e 84.8 μSv.y -1 ). These results shows that the radiation exposure level reaching members of the public in the study areas is lower than the recommended limit value of 1 mSv.y -1 [6]. Also the mean Radium Equivalents obtained ranged from 82.7770 BqKg -1 (ER4) to 171.9653 BqKg -1 (ER2). These results show that the recommended Radium Equivalent Concentration is ≤ 370 BqKg -1 which is the requirement for soil materials to be used for dwellings. This implies that the soil from this site is suitable use for residential buildings. The mean External Hazard Index (H ext ) ranged from 0.2236 Bqkg -1 (ER4) to 0.6686 Bqkg -1 (ER2), while the maximum allowed value of H ext = 1 corresponds to the upper limit of Ra eq (370 BqKg -1 ) in order to limit the external gamma radiation dose from the soil materials to 1.5 mGy y -1 . That is this index should be equal to or less than unity (H ext ≤ = 1). Furthermore, the mean Internal Hazard Index (H ext ) ranged from 0.3191 Bqkg -1 (ER4) to 0.6681 Bqkg -1 (ER2). Finally, the mean value of the Excess Alpha Radiation (I α ) ranged from 0.1165 Bq.Kg - 1 to 0.3766 Bq.Kg -1 . All these values for I α are below the maximum permissible value of I α = 1 which corresponds to 200 Bq.Kg -1 . It can therefore be said that no radiological hazard is envisaged to dwellers of the study areas and the miners working on those site area.