{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.012056737588652482, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0014184397163120568, 'mean_word_length': 5.1347826086956525, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Inhaled Corticosteroids and the Risk of Fractures in Children and Adolescents Services

subjects as compared with controls. The mean difference in baseline tPTEF/tE from the first to second visit was borderline statistically significant in the ICS group only and correlated significantly with the duration of ICS treatment. Conclusions. The present observational cohort study demonstrated that one fifth of young children with recurrent bronchial obstruction had received ICSs. Early ICS treatment improved lung function by the age of 2 years, mostly in those with the longest duration of treatment. Reviewer’s Comments. There is little information available concerning how often inhaled steroids are used during the first 2 years of life in the treatment of obstructive airway disease and limited information on the modifying effects of ICSs on the development of lung function in early life. As expected, infants with recurrent bronchial obstruction and lower lung function were treated more often with ICS compared with matched controls. Improvement in lung function in these children increased with increasing duration of treatment. This study suggests that the choice of medical therapy is often determined by the clinical state of the child, and once started, it may be a factor that can influence later outcome. More studies such as this are desirable to fully understand the role of ICSs in early life.