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Next-Term Grade Prediction: A Machine Learning Approach

As students progress in their university programs, they have to face many course choices. It is important for them to re-ceive guidance based on not only their interest, but also the “predicted” course performance so as to improve learning experience and optimise academic performance. In this paper, we propose the next-term grade prediction task as a useful course selection guidance. We propose a machine learning framework to predict course grades in a speciﬁc program term using the historical student-course data. In this framework, we develop the prediction model using Factorization Machine (FM) and Long Short Term Memory combined with FM (LSTM-FM) that make use of both student and course attributes as well as past student-course grade data. Our experiment results on a real-world data of an autonomous university in Singapore show that both methods yield better prediction accuracy than the baseline methods. Our methods are also robust to handle cold start courses with the average prediction error can be as low as three quarter grade diﬀerence from the ground truth.