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Serum leptin, retinol-binding protein 4, lipid profile, and carotid intima - media thickness in psoriasis

Background Patients with moderate to severe forms of psoriasis have been found to be at a greater risk of developing comorbidities such as metabolic syndrome and vascular disorders. White adipose tissue is a known source of adipokines and cytokines that can mediate the development of insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction, and atherosclerosis. The interaction between adipocytokines [such as leptin and retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4)] and chronic skin and systemic inflammation in psoriasis can be bidirectional. Th1 and Th17 lymphocyte activation in psoriasis is a shared pathway with adipokine activation. Aim Evaluation of serum leptin, RBP4, the lipid profile, and carotid - intima media thickness (CIMT) levels in psoriatic patients as indicators of subclinical atherosclerosis. Patients and methods This study included 45 patients with psoriasis vulgaris compared with 45 age-matched and sex-matched healthy individuals as a control group. Results A highly significant difference was found in the mean leptin (P < 0.001) and the mean RBP4 (P < 0.001) of patients compared with controls. There was a highly significant difference in the mean RT CIMT and in the mean LT CIMT of patients compared with controls. Conclusion Psoriatic patients must be advised to assess their lipid profile, serum leptin, and intima - media thickness routinely in order to predict early cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.