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Charged Particle Heating in Tokamak Fusion Plasmas

made by solving the density balance equations for five kinds of ions and the temperature balance equation including the effects of convex density and temperature profiles and resulted in obtaining the parameters of reasonable size reactors comparable to a D-T reactor. The possibility to ignite the Cat.D reactor from the D-T burning operation by controlling the fueling rate of deuteriums and tritiums was proposed for reducing the input power needed for start-up of a Cat.D reactor. The transition process during the start-up was calculated and the Cat. D operating mode was attained in a few hundred seconds by adequate controls of the fueling without any additional heating. The effects of additional heating such as to prevent the plasma quench and to improve the transition path were described. The thermal instability and its dynamics in the reactor with arbitrary D-T mixture were also studied in the simplified Cat.D plasma model. Chapters 4 and 5 dealt with the loss of alpha particles caused by the drift orbit motion in axially symmetric tokamak reactors. The loss of 3.5 Mev alpha particles was numerically evaluated for various future reactors and was proved to depend strongly on the plasma minor and major radii, the plasma current and its profiles. It was found that a large power reactor could confine alpha particles completely; while small reactors such as zero power experimental devices, fission-fusion hybrid reactors and two-ion-component tokamak reactors would not do so. In chapter 5, the containment properties of alpha particles during slowing-down process were studied by using Monte Carlo calculations, in which the pitch-angle scattering effects were included. The loss of alpha particles during slowing-down was found to be safely negligible in a pure D-T plasma, but increases proportionally to the effective charge number of the plasma and cannot be ignored in a highly contaminated plasma (z f> 4), compared with the loss of 3.5 Mev particles.