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Synthesis of electromagnetic modes in photonic band gap fibers

In this paper, we report on the successful synthesis of three individual modes, HE11 , TE01, and TE 02 for transmission in photonic band gap fibers at near infrared wavelengths. We measure the propagation losses of the HE,1 and TE0 1 modes both inside and outside the band gap of the fiber, and show that the TE0 1 is indeed the lowest loss mode, and is less lossy and has a much wider band gap than the HE11 . We study the superpostions of the HE11 and TE0 1 modes using the pure phase approach, and discuss the degeneracy problem that arises. We analyze these superpositions by decomposing the superposed images into low energy eigenmodes (m < 3), and compute each of the eigenmode's contribution in the superposition. We show that the contributions of the HE,1 and TE01 behave sinusoidally in their superpostions. Finally we also explain the minor discrepancies between the superposition and decomposition results.