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Effect of red-edge and texture features for object-based paddy rice crop classification using RapidEye multi-spectral satellite image data

Recent satellite missions have provided new perspectives by offering high spatial resolution, a variety of spectral properties, and fast revisit rates to the same regions. In this study, we examined the utility of both broadband red-edge spectral information and texture features for classifying paddy rice crops in South Korea into three different growth stages. The rice grown in South Korea can be grouped into early-maturing, medium-maturing, and medium-late-maturing cultivars, and each cultivar is known to have a minimum and maximum productivity. Therefore, the accurate classification of paddy rice crops into a certain time line enables pre-estimation of the expected rice yields. For the analysis, two seasons of RapidEye satellite image data were used. The results showed that the broadband red-edge information slightly improved the classification accuracy of the paddy rice crops, particularly when single-season image data were used. In contrast, texture information resulted in only minor improvement or even a slight decline in accuracy, although it is known to be advantageous for object-based classification. This was due to the homogeneous nature of paddy rice fields, as different rice cultivars are similar in terms of their morphology. Based on these results, we conclude that the additional spectral information such as the red-edge band is more useful than the texture features to detect different crop conditions in relatively homogeneous rice paddy environments. We therefore confirm the potential of broadband red-edge information to improve the classification of paddy rice crops. However, there is still a need to examine the relationship between textural properties and paddy rice crop parameters in greater depth.