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Comparison between microscopical methods and cultivation for demonstration of tubercle bacilli in experimental tuberculous infection.

As part of an experimental study of the routes of spread of urogenital tuberculosis, in which guinea pigs were inoculated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Rv), the efficacy of a standard staining method (haematoxylin-eosin), specific staining for tubercle bacilli (Ziehl-Neelsen and fluorescent staining) and culture for the demonstration of tuberculous infection were compared. By fluorescence microscopy of sections stained with auramine-rhoda-mine, tubercle bacilli were more clearly seen if epiillumination was used instead of transillumination at higher magnifications. Fluorescence microscopy gave a clearly larger proportion of positive findings than did the routine Ziehl-Neelsen technique, and the time required for examination was considerably reduced. Detection by fluorescence microscopy was generally equivalent to detection by culture.