{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.029190992493744787, 'fraction_numerical': 0.030859049207673062, 'mean_word_length': 5.25, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Temperature-dependent structural transformations of hydrothermally synthesized cubic Li2TiO3 studied by in-situ neutron diffraction

Abstract The structural changes of hydrothermally synthesized cubic Li2TiO3 were studied in-situ during heating and cooling at the neutron powder diffractometer SPODI at FRM II, Garching. The initially cubic (Fm-3m) phase shows a slight Li deficit, but becomes stoichiometric with increasing temperature. It transforms to a monoclinic (C2/c) structure above 300 °C and back to the same cubic (Fm-3m) structure at 1155 °C. A two-phase region is observed between 300 and 500 °C, indicating a first order character of the transformation. Below 1000 °C, during the first heating, the monoclinic Li2TiO3 phase is disordered due to stacking faults. Between 1160 and 1140 °C, the cubic phase becomes monoclinic again upon cooling and stays well ordered down to room temperature. Anomalies in the thermal expansion of the monoclinic modification occur at around 600 °C for both, heating and cooling. These are assigned to strains building up during the first phase transformation upon heating and the confinement in the compacted ceramic sample during cooling, respectively.