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Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Normal Tongue : Qualitative Evaluation of Fat-suppressed Contrast Enhanced Images

Objective: For diagnosing the lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), it is necessary to understand normal structures on each sequence. In this study, we attempted to clarify structures of the normal tongue on fat -suppressed enhanced MRI qualitatively. Clinical material and method: Twenty-seven fat-suppressed enhanced MR images of normal tongue were studied, which were obtained using a T1 weighted spin echo pulse sequence (T1WISE) with the chemical shift selective (CHESS) method by a superconducting MRI scanner operating at 1.5T. Tongue structures and their signal intensities on fat-suppressed enhanced images were assessed and compared to those obtained by non-enhanced T1WI. Results: Normal tongues were found to be composed of a symmetrical high signal area (HSA), low signal area (LSA), lingual septum, bilateral sublingual gland, and genioglossus muscle on nonenhanced T1WI. In the fat-suppressed enhanced images, HSA and lingual septum signal intensities were suppressed. Further, though the lingual mucosa was well visualized in fat-suppressed enhanced images (P<0.05), differentiation of HSA and LSA was difficult as compared to the nonenhanced scans (P<0.05). Conclusion: Fat-suppressed enhanced scans demonstrated simple anatomical structures as compared to conventional T1WI with independent signal intensity. Accordingly, we conclude that it is necessary to use both sequence for diagnosing the mass lesion located in the tongue.