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Host defense mechanisms against infection with influenza virus. I. Effect of sensitized spleen cells on infection in vitro.

Sensitized murine spleen cells decrease the spread of influenza infection in cell cultures derived from human and syngeneic murine tissues. This control of infection is immune-specific and can be induced by immunization with identical hemagglutinin or neuraminidase antigens. The antiviral effect is evident in the absence of added immune serum and can be blocked by adsorption of sensitized spleen cells with antiserum to murine IgG. The antiviral effect persists despite separation by agar of the sensitized spleen cells from the virus-infected monolayer. Spleen cells that do not adhere to glass are quantitatively more capable of limiting the spread of influenza virus in cell culture than are glass-adhering cells. These results suggest that mice immunized with influenza virus have sensitized spleen cells that elaborate antibody to influenza virus, which can act locally to control the spread of infection.