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Visual Art: The Role of Capillarity and Rheological Properties in Painting

The process of painting involves the flow of paint and its control by a brush on canvas or on paper, which are affected both by capillarity and by rheological properties. Some of the pertinent terminology and concepts are presented and discussed. Capillary suction is the main force keeping paint in a brush and controlling its deposition on a surface. Rheological properties influence the response of paint to forces acting on it and how paint behaves after application. Generally, it is acceptable for paints that are either rapidly absorbed or evaporated to possess Newtonian viscosity. But it is usually desirable that paints that form thick layers or that harden slowly posses a yield value and display shear thinning and thixotropic recovery.