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Citing as his methodological model

The subtitle of this book—The Philosophical Youth of Mikhail Bakunin—is a precise definition of its topic: it is a monograph of the young Bakunin, ending on the eve of the Springtime of the Peoples. Thus, it does not cover Bakunin's life as a revolutionary, as the recognized leader of European Anarchism, the main adversary of Marx in the First International. Nevertheless, the book opens with a thirty-two-page introduction which offers an interesting and competent review of the enormous international literature on Baknunin's life and activities as a whole. The author limits his task to the early, " philosophical " period of Bakunin's life but says at the same time that his intention was to provide " the first biography of Bakunin " in Polish (p. 35). A footnote on page 159 explains that the book will be followed by a second volume. If so, the introduction on the entire literature on Bakunin is justified (otherwise it should be limited to the literature on Bakunin's youth), but the concluding three pages, offering a telegraphic and superficial summary of Bakunin the revolutionary, are clearly superfluous. In contrast to the authors who tried to interpret Bakunin's thought as an expression of his psychological problems (A. P. Mendel, 1981; A. Kelly, 1982) Kamiñski treats Bakunin's philosophy seriously, carefully tracing its evolution, reconstructing its inner coherence in each of its phases, and concentrating on its intellectual contexts. He provides a balanced summary of the existing knowledge, adding to it some interesting details and correcting one-sided interpretations. He gives also a sympathetic account of Bakunin's religious phase, presenting his " religion of love " as a form of genuine, non-Orthodox religiosity—a variant of panentheism, combining religious immanentism with a millenarian dimension. An impressive contribution of Kamiñski's book is the elucidation of the role of the different Polish contexts of Bakunin's thought. The author convincingly shows the importance of Baknunin's contact with Joachim Lelewel, the Polish Democratic Society (TDP), Karol Libelt, and Adam Mickiewicz, as professor at the Collège de France and the editor of La Tribune des Peuples. He pays due attention not only to Bakunin's complicated relations with the Polish political emigration but also to reactions to his thought in Poland: to the fact that Bakunin's famous philosophical essay The Reaction in Germany (1842) was translated in the Poznan newspaper Tygodnik literacki (1843) and exercised an influence on the Left-Hegelian philosopher, Edward Dembowski, the future …