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Intelligent Flexible Materials for Deployable Space Structures (InFlex)

Deployable structures will play a major role in future space exploration missions, as they have in past human exploration. Deployable inflatable structures have been proven to offer high packing efficiency for reduced mass and launch cost, and a highly reliable expandable volume for space systems such as habitats, airlocks, space suits, deployable storage facilities, ballutes, and rover components. ILC Dover and its teammates TIAX and NASA JSC are developing materials & technologies for these structures under a NASA ESR&T within the NASA Exploration program. The goal of this work is to improve system reliability and increase infrastructure flexibility by incorporating intelligence and material improvements in inflatable materials that can be used in a variety of system architectures. Multifunctional modular and scalable materials are being developed that will become the building blocks for many exploration infrastructure needs. An inflatable rover/habitat/airlock will be used as a study reference point for design and demonstration of fully functional prototypes. Inflatable structures typically consist of an inner bladder for gas containment, a structural restraint layer that supports loads and a thermal and micrometeoroid protective layer. Technologies that are being embedded in the inflatable components are as follows: • Enhanced radiation protective materials (various insertion locations) • Self-healing bladder materials • Distributed sensor system for structure health monitoring and system knowledge • Signal transfer system for data and a display & warning system • Localized power generation and storage for distributed sensors & actuators • Low permeation bladder materials • Anti-microbial agents for crew (internal) and planetary (external) protection Numerous technologies and approaches to developing an integrated solution are being explored and trade studies performed to identify the optimal technologies for advancement. Bladder permeation reductions are being made through the inclusion of vermiculite nano- platelets or other nano-materials, metalization, and multi-layer laminates. Structural health monitoring has been demonstrated by radio frequency interrogation of embedded conductive path sensors (conductive fibers or printed/etched traces for breakpoint detection in various layers) that also can be used as signal transfer paths for distributed sensors or power systems. Other health-monitoring technologies that utilize electrical impedance