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Crossed Immunoelectrophoresis as Modified for Quantitative Purposes

The modification of crossed immunoelectrophoresis (IE) described in this chapter differs mainly in three respects from the technique described in Chapter 12: (1) The sample is applied in a circular well rather than in a narrow slit, enabling easy application of an exact amount of antigen sample and formation of broad bell-shaped precipitates; (2) the first-dimension gel is cut in such a manner that all the antigen can be submitted to second dimension electrophoresis, enabling quantitative measurements of antigens by planimetry and the use of dose-response curves; and (3) very complicated antigen mixtures can usually be studied quantitatively by the use of antisera raised to crude mixtures of macromolecules such as serum or other biological fluids, extracts of tissues, and micro-organisms.