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Dielectric Constant Detection by Using a New Microstrip Ring Resonator System

An essential property of dielectric materials is a dielectric constant. In dielectric measurement, microwave sensors are widely used for electromagnetic radiation of the microwave region. Microwave dielectric measurement methods generally fall into two categories: non-resonant and resonant methods. Resonant methods have relatively higher accuracy than non-resonant ones [1]– [2]. For measurement, the sample is introduced into a resonator thus altering the electromagnetic boundaries of the resonator, and the electromagnetic properties of the sample are deduced from the change of the resonant properties of the resonator. Due to its high accuracy and its flexibility in sample preparation, the resonant method is widely used for low-loss samples, small size samples and samples of irregular shapes. In sensors structure, the sensors based on waveguide and coaxial lines are bulky and are not convenient for integration with electronic circuits. Planar transmission lines are used in order to develop compact sensors [3]. The planar resonator structure is very simple, low cost, and easy to remove samples. Several investigators have used microstrip resonators for determination of dielectric constant of materials. Sarabandi and Li [4] used a microstrip ring resonator for measurement of soil dielectric parameters. The dielectric constant of a soil medium can be computed by using a resonant frequency shift. And moisture content as high as 40% can be measured with the dielectric constant technique. The dielectric material can be determined from each mode of resonant frequency and relates to an effective dielectric constant as following equation. fr = nc/(Leff eff e )