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Ideas, Institutions, and the New Deal Constitutional Order

The intellectual schism between ideas and institutions has been nowhere more evident than in contemporary presidential studies. In sharp contrast to mainstream presidential studies, American political development scholars have viewed certain presidents as formative actors, who have redefined the social contract with rhetoric that has informed structural change. Examining the relationship between Franklin Roosevelt’s rhetoric and institutional reforms, this essay argues that FDR had a rather coherent understanding and program of reform that gave constitutional form to the progressive tradition born of the early twentieth century. The construction of the New Deal political order thus argues for the importance of probing the philosophical contours of institutional developments.