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Traditional chinese medicine diet paratherapy for alleviating toxicity in chemotherapy and radiotherapy in cancer patients: a meta-analysis

In 2018, the newly diagnosed cancer cases were 18.1 million, and the deaths from cancer were about 9.6 million (Bray et al., 2018). The standard therapies of cancer, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, have different levels of side effects. Therefore, a lot of patients were unable to complete the entire therapy due to serious side effects especially after chemotherapy, or radiotherapy. What`s more, it would be a marked impact on quality of life. Therefore, effective solution is needed to alleviate the toxicity. At present, most guidelines recommend symptomatic treatment of the side effects such as vomiting and nausea with 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT3, serotonin) receptor antagonists, tachykinin NK1 receptor antagonist, steroids, olanzapine, dopamine receptor antagonists, and benzodiazepines (Jordan et al., 2014). However, complete control of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) remains unsolved (Hsieh et al., 2015). The side effects of bone marrow depression were treated with therapy such as colonystimulating factor or interleukin-11 (Crawford et al., 1991; Nemunaitis et al., 1991), but additional interventions were still needed to deal with the adverse effects. It was reported that Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) could be beneficial in alleviating the side effects (Nie et al., 2016). TCM diet is an important part of TCM treatment, and the relevant diets or combining foods with herbs are purposefully chosen for the patients by syndrome, in order to balance the yin and yang, and harmonize qi and blood (Wu & Liang, 2018).