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A New Method for Gain Prediction of Superdirective End-Fire Arrays

The problem of gain estimation of a superdirective dipole-based end-fire array is discussed in this contribution. The current method to compute the gain, for a given element radiation efficiency, is based on the array factor (AF) theory. This work is intended to show that an equivalent formulation can be done using the Spherical Wave Expansion (SWE). Besides the interest in validating the theory, the main objective is a better understanding of the radiation and attenuation phenomena that occur in compact and superdirective arrays. The limits in their practical implementations are imposed by the high sensitivity of the system. The SWE theory provides more information in the expression of the radiated field, thus unfolding the possibility to address the problem with lower sensitive solutions.