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Development of a Digital Accident Hotspot Map for ADAS Applications Using Geospatial Methods in GIS

Digital maps have a large potential to support safety-related Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) by providing detailed road and environment information. However, one critical attribute – road accident hotspot – is not available from existing digital maps, and is also difficult to derive from practical surveying. This paper provides a Geographical Information Systems (GIS)-based approach for the production of digital hotspot maps, based on a historical accident dataset and geospatial methods in a GIS. In this approach, firstly the Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) method was used to identify hotspot distribution; secondly the Percent Volume Contour (PVC) method was coupled with KDE to extract hotspot patterns; and finally the map layers of hotspot patterns were integrated with classical navigation maps. Following a description for geospatial hotspot production, the derivation of hotspot property data is also discussed. In order to prove this approach, a small-area case study was carried out in the City Centre of Nottingham. The presented results demonstrate that this approach is useful and effective for solving the hotspot creation problem for ADAS, but other future works will be required to improve data effectiveness.