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Spread-Spectrum Method Using Multiple Sequences for Underwater Acoustic Communications

Direct-sequence spread-spectrum-based approaches have been adopted in underwater acoustic communications. In this paper, multiple sequences utilizing the periodic correlation characteristics of an original spreading waveform are superimposed, modulating multiple distinct symbols simultaneously within each block at the transmitter. Among those superimposed symbols, one is used as the pilot for channel estimation on chip level and others carry data. Similar to existing superposition schemes, the proposed approach also has low receiver complexity, only requiring matched filtering operations. However, the innovation of the proposed approach is perfect interference suppression, cyclic prefix (CP) is inserted to eliminate the interblock interference totally. Combined CP operation leading to an equivalent cyclic channel matrix with circularly shifted versions of spreading sequences, interferences can be solved considerably. The proposed technique is evaluated with both simulation and experimental data analysis. Data processing gives a brief discussion about low probability of detection and low probability of interception.