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PI 3 K / Akt / mTOR pathway participates in neuroprotection by dexmedetomidine inhibits neuronic autophagy following traumatic brain injury in rats

TBI, a leading cause of death and disability all over the world, is one of the major reasons for hospital admissions in modern life. 1 Additionally, the long term medical care and loss of income create a considerable social and economical burden, which remains an unsolved major public health problem globally. 2 Management of TBI can pose enormous challenges to the health team. 3 Mechanical disruption of neurons triggers a cascade of events leading to neuronal cell death, brain edema and neurological impairment following TBI. 4 Yet, cell death is broadly classified into three types: necrosis,apoptosis and autophagy. Interestingly, some studies suggested that autophagy was activated after TBI, and the expression of LC3 and becline-1 were upregulated in the damage hippocampus and cortex. 5 Moreover, other studies indicated inhibition of autophagy involved in the pathogenesis of TBI attenuated traumatic damage and ABSTRACT