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Scoping review on automatic color equalization algorithm

Abstract. Digital image processing is at the base of everyday applications aiding humans in several fields, such as underwater monitoring, analysis of cultural heritage drawings, and medical imaging for computer-aided diagnosis. The starting point of all such application regards the image enhancement step. A desirable image enhancement step should simultaneously standardize the illumination in the image set, possibly removing bad or not-uniform illumination effects, and reveal all hidden details. In 2002, a successful perceptual image enhancement model, the automatic color equalization (ACE) algorithm, was proposed, which mimics the color and contrast adjustment of the human visual system (HVS). Given its widespread usage, its correlation with the HVS, and since it is easily implementable, we propose a scoping review to identify and classify the available evidence on ACE, starting from the papers citing the two funding papers on the algorithm. The aim of this work is the identification of what extent and in which ways ACE may have influenced the research in the color imaging field. Thanks to an accurate process of papers tagging, classification, and validation, we provide an overview of the main application domains in which ACE was successfully used and of the different ways in which this algorithm was implemented, modified, used, or compared.