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Inhibition of Anthranilate Synthase Component II, a Novel Protein of S. pneumoniae as a Potential Target for Therapy

Streptococcus pneumoniae infects the human body primarily through the respiratory tract; however, no evident inflammatory responses are observed upon infection. Even though the inflammatory response is the body's primary immune response, the latency of the inflammatory responses may be attributable to the presence of an anthranilate derivative, quinolone, an isostere of salicylic acid, which acts to suppress inflammation. The reduced immune response promotes the formation of the S. pneumoniae biofilm and increases virulence via quinolone and the derivative, fenamic acid, to elicit different responses. It was found in this study that coumarin binds with good affinity to the binding site of anthranilate synthase component II and also confers a good heme-protectant property. The enzyme anthranilate synthase is a virulent factor of S. pneumoniae and influences the inflammatory response signaling pathways. Inhibition of the anthranilate synthase pathway terminates the virulence of S. pneumoniae and helps prevent the impending severe pathogenesis of infection.