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Selected highlights from other journals

Antibiotic resistance poses a major threat to human and animal populations. Wastewater treatment plants have been found to be hot spots for the transfer of resistant genes between bacteria as urban, industrial, clinical and agricultural waste meet and mix. the ejection of wastewater treatment plant effluents into the environment may therefore increase the number of resistant genes found in bacteria. this study aimed to investigate how wastewater effluent affected the diversity and abundance of antimicrobial resistant genes in a river in the UK using metagenomic analysis. Sediment samples were taken from 300 m, 600 m and 900 m upstream and downstream of a wastewater treatment plant on a river in the Midlands region of the UK. DnA was extracted from the samples and analysed. the number of bacteria in each of the samples was also calculated. in total, in the upstream samples, approximately 1826 bacterial genomes were detected, while in the downstream samples around 2043 were detected. Upstream samples were found to contain 6.78 x 107 bacteria and downstream samples were found to contain 9.11 x 107 bacteria. When the bacterial DnA samples were compared in terms of antimicrobial resistance, more than 50 different variants that conferred ampicillin resistance were identified. there was a significantly higher number of genes that conferred resistance to neomycin, amikacin and ciprofloxacin downstream of the plant than upstream. the authors conclude that wastewater treatment plants can create large reservoirs of resistant genes that can potentially contribute to infections with resistant bacteria in both people and animals via direct exposure to contaminated river water. they suggest that further research is needed to try and improve waste disposal methods.