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Changes in the hepatic microsomal enzyme activity during long-term ethanol feeding in rat.

Addition of ethanol (15 % v/v) to drinking water caused significant changes in the hepatic microsomal metabolism of methylaniline and p-nitrobenzoic acid, and in the microsomal protein and cytochrome P-450 contents in the rat. The effect of ethanol on these parameters was time-related, and maximal changes were measured after two weeks of drinking ethanol, after which the effect of ethanol diminished. Within this period the N-demethylation of methyl-aniline was increased by 63%, and nitroreduction of p-nitrobenzoic acid was inhibited by 50%. The microsomal protein content was increased after two weeks of drinking ethanol by 30 %, and the cytochrome P-450 content by 96 %. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in the 105,000 ×g supernatant fraction was increased during the whole experiment and after drinking ethanol for ten weeks it was stimulated by 116%. The decreases in the effects caused by ethanol could be related to the development of liver damage during long-term ethanol usage.