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Influence of the selected physicochemical properties of the active substances of plant protection products on the results of their model exposure assessment in the surface water compartment

The paper presents the analysis of the influence of selected physicochemical properties of the active substances of the plant protection products on the results of model exposure assessment in the Surface Water compartment. It was demonstrated that, for the compounds moderately to highly persistent in the aquatic environment, the aqueous solubility and adsorption constant KfOC determine the level of exposure to them of the aquatic organisms. The relationship is such that the higher water solubility and/or lower KfOC usually result in longer modelled residence times in water columns. As a result, for such compounds, the modelled exposure of the aquatic organisms dwelling in water column is higher. On the other hand, the low aqueous solubility and/or high KfOC promote faster migration of the compound to the sediment phase, what in turn increases the exposure of the sediment-dwelling aquatic organisms. The aqueous solubility is correlated not only with mobility in soil, expressed as KfOC, but also with lipophilicity of the compound expressed by LogPOW values, therefore, with bioaccumulation potential. Low solubility of the given compound in water means its higher lipophilicity and, as a result its higher bioaccumulation potential. Therefore low-mobile to immobile compounds, displaying high soil KfOC values, display also low aqueous solubility and high LogPOW values, therefore they tend to migrate faster and to greater extent to the sediment phase, increasing risk to dwelling them aquatic organisms, as well as they display higher potential for bioaccumulation in the tissues of living organisms.