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Dimensions of Cosmopolitanism: Patriotism and Disaffection Among U.S. Peace Corps Volunteers

In a globalized world, how do individual people navigate experiences with difference? How do they internalize cosmopolitan values? Using a large mixed-methods data set, this article explores the ways that individuals can be both cosmopolitan and nationalist at the same time. It does so by operationalizing cosmopolitanism, and analyzing how it develops among U.S. Peace Corps volunteers. This article distinguishes two patterns. Patriotic cosmopolitans, although they become sensitive to global context throughout service, come to identify more with U.S. values. They become particularly connected to ideas of freedom, choice, and administrative efficiency, and deeply supportive of the existing institutional and political order. Disaffected cosmopolitans come to see those same values as troublesome considering their identities as global citizens, and dis-identify with the United States because of them. The different types of cosmopolitanisms yield different types of relationships with the state, which express in different patterns of professional engagement and voluntarism.