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Increased levels of human papillomavirus type 16 DNA in a subset of prostate cancers.

Whether oncogenic human papilloma viruses (HPVs) are involved in the pathogenesis of prostate cancers has been a subject of great controversy. To clarify the contradictory results of investigations, with the aim of detecting viral nucleic acids in prostate cancers, we have carried out a comparative quantitation of the HPV16-E6 sequence in 84 prostate specimens. Using single-tube quantitative competitive PCR, we characterized 47 prostate cancers and 37 control tissues of benign prostatic hyperplasia. A subgroup of the prostate tumors (10 of 47; 21%) was detected as having significantly higher copy numbers of HPV16-E6 sequences when compared to the control tissue (1 of 37; 3%), using a cutoff value of 300 copies per 12,500 diploid cells (two-sided Fisher's exact test, P = 0.02). Our results indicate that the oncogenic HPV16 might contribute to the development of a subset of prostate tumors.