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An enhanced microstrip patch radiating element

A compound radiating element consisting of a rectangular microstrip patch plus two parasitically-excited wire monopoles is examined both theoretically and experimentally. The wires are located adjacent to the patch along its centerline in the E-plane. The overall radiation pattern of the element is calculated and found to exhibit beam narrowing and enhanced directivity for proper choice of the monopole height and spacing. Experimental pattern measurements were made and are in essential agreement with the predictions of the theory.