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"The Order and Connection of Things" - Are They Constructed Mathematically-Deductively According to Spinoza?

It is a common, well-known assumption that according to Spinoza's philosophy, Reality (Deus sive Natura sive Substantia) is constructed geometrically and that Reality qua System is a deductive one. In this paper I will examine whether, according to Spinoza, Reality is constructed according to a mathematical-deductive model, and will also consider whether mathematics, geometry in particular, can assist us in knowing Reality äs it is. In Spinoza's philosophy the question about the possibility of a philosophical System involves the problem of the strucure of Reality. The cognitive System to which Spinoza aspires has to reflect adequately the System of Reality. This System of knowledge is characterized by Spinoza äs the idea which reflects objectively, i. e. in our cognition, the formal order (äs it is, in reality or extra intellectum") and the unity of Natüre both äs a whole and äs particularized into "parts" (TIE 9l). Such a System is a matter of aspiration because our intellectual-cognitive ability is restricted and our mind cannot grasp the whole order of Reality äs a unity composed of an infinitude of particulars. The System of Reality is designated by Spinoza äs "the order of the whole of Natüre or the connection of causes* (E ii 7 Seh.). This is the order and connection of things (E ii 20 Dem. which interprets £ ii 7 Seh.) which is the same äs the order and connection of ideas (E ii 7). The latter is actually the System to which Spinoza aspires. Descartes, following Galileo's mathematical conception of nature (the book of nature is written in