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Multiculturality and multiculturalism in “Western Balkans”

When researching multiculturalism and the process of Europeanisation in
 Serbia and countries of the region, one must first examine the status of
 multiculturality and multiculturalism, from the normative framework to
 states? policies which decidedly determine the nature and functioning of a
 political community. Starting from the fact that the context, nature and
 structure of a political community determines the essence of rights and
 freedoms stipulated by the constitution and laws, as well as that a synergy
 of good laws and sound policies enables an effective policy of
 multiculturality, integration and interlacing of cultures of diverse
 national communities in a society, the proclaimed multiculturalism was
 studied in this paper, with a view to ascertain whether such constitutional
 and legislative framework and policies exist, and if they did, whether there
 was concerted action between them. The key finding was that the states of
 the region support a civil state in principle, that they are exclusively or
 predominantly nationally legitimised by the highest legislative acts and
 that the factual state is marked by various national cultural identities
 that are not integrated into the model of plural citizenship. The paper
 shows that there is a lack of political will to transform the declared
 support for a pluralistic civil state into public policies affirming the
 values of multiculturalism, as well as that there is a lack of strong
 institutions to support such policy. Creating civil awareness, strengthening
 civil values and virtues are not priorities for state institutions or media
 controlled by governments. Rather than that, their priority is to strengthen
 national identities. Hence, based on the above, we can affirm that civil
 states, civil values and civil identities are only at initial stages, i.e.
 that they are still, only occasionally, at the level of general programme
 orientation and set aims. The necessary ingredient for their firm
 establishment is a consolidated democracy and acceptance of universal values
 of developed democracies, such as the rule of law and protection of human
 rights and freedoms.