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A Landmark-based cognition strength grid model for indoor guidance

Indoor guidance has captured the attention of location-based services researchers due to different features between indoor and outdoor spaces. The recognition of indoor landmarks serves a vital role for pedestrian navigation to destinations. To provide better indoor path planning and path guidance, this paper proposes a landmark-based cognition strength grid (CSG) model that caters to a wide spectrum of individualised wayfinding services. In the CSG model, each grid cell that is embedded with these salient characteristics can be oriented to surrounding landmarks to ensure the use of the CSG model to plan various paths, such as the most reliable path, the path with the most identifiable landmarks or specific patrol paths for individuals. Using a large shopping mall as a test site, the model is validated by two scenarios that illustrate the diverse applications of the CSG model in the field of indoor wayfinding.