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Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Treatment with Adults

This chapter describes the theoretical models behind evidence-based post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatments and the importance of adhering to the model of PTSD treatment when making adaptations to treatment protocols. We review modifications that might be made for both exposure-based and cognitive-based treatment approaches, rooted in their respective underlying theories. We also describe modifications to the delivery of treatment (e.g., number and duration of treatment sessions, method of treatment delivery, and location where treatment is delivered). Throughout the chapter, we emphasize that decisions regarding modifications should aim to foster mechanisms of change, based on theoretical models, and implemented to maximize treatment outcomes.