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Phytoplanktonindikatoren zur ökologischen Klassifizierung der deutschen Küstengewässer der Ostsee Phytoplankton indicators for ecological classification of coastal waters along the German Baltic coast

The key feature of the European Water Framework Directive (EU-WFD) is the measurement of water quality with respect to ecological categories, e. g. in terms of community structure and functioning of natural ecosystems. Among other quality elements, the future water quality assessment of coastal waters requires consideration of the phytoplankton community in order to define anthropogenically induced eutrophication. The general problem in determining phytoplankton-based indicators of eutrophication along the German coast is caused by the high variability of hydrological and geochemical parameters in inner and outer coastal waters. The potential indicators do not only change in response to anthropogenic pressure but also in response to natural variability on spatially small and highly diverse temporal scales. The investigations aimed on the development of a phytoplankton-based indication system which defines reference conditions and ecological class values for chlorophyll, Secchi depth and biovolume for all water types of the German Baltic Sea. For this purpose, long term phytoplankton data series, which covered a broad spectrum of oligo- to mesohaline sites (10380 data sets from 84 sites), were analysed with statistical methods to obtain potentially indicative phytoplankton parameters for different stages of eutrophication.