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Bertrand Russell in Ethics and Politics

It is more or less de rigueur to begin a piece such as this by considering why anyone should take a serious philosphical interest in the ethics and politics of Bertrand Russell. Russell was, of course, one of the most profoundly influential philosophers of the twentieth century, but his most important contributions were, by his own account and almost everyone else's, in the realms of logic and a conglomeration of epistemology, philosophy of language, and ontology. These are the predominant and often overlapping concerns of numerous papers, such as those collected in Logic and Knowledge (Russell 197 ib), and also of a string of books, including the monumental Principia Mathematica (1910-13). Russell's extraordinary works on the logicist program and logical atomism-on the method of logical analysis and ontological economy best represented by his theory of types, his theory of descriptions and his approach to reference, and his various accounts of "our knowledge of the external world"-these are regarded as, if not exactly live options, then at least extremely important milestones on the way to the present state of philosophy and the basis for Russell's title to greatness.' But it was his colleague G. E. Moore who wrote Principia Ethica.