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Removal of microcystin-LR from eutrophic water using solar distillation

The aim of this study was to evaluate the removal of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) from eutrophic water produced in the laboratory, using a pyramid-shaped solar still to obtain drinking water that meets all potability standards recommended in ordinance 2914/11 of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The methods used for the analysis of physicochemical parameters were according to APHA, 2012. The detection and quantification of MC-LR was performed using coupled high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. The results showed turbidity removal of over 95%, and reduction of true color from 19 to 5 uH after the distillation process. As expected, there was also a decrease in pH and hardness in relation to the study water. Ammonia showed a relative increase in concentration but still remained within the maximum allowed by law. The results showed a mean concentration of 11.4 µg L –1 of MC-LR in the studied water, while no cyanotoxin was detected in the distilled water. To further verify the removal of MC-LR, the samples were then injected in a mass spectrometer, and the results demonstrated that there was a concentration of MC-LR in the remaining water in the tray of the still, so that the final treated water was free of cyanotoxin.