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Cell interactions with laminin and its proteolytic fragments during outgrowth of mouse primary trophoblast cells.

Mouse blastocysts in serum-free culture for 24-48 h become attachment-competent, adhere to fibronectin- or laminin-coated surfaces, and subsequently form trophoblast outgrowths. The blastocyst laminin receptor was characterized in outgrowth studies using modified laminin. Trophoblast cells interacted with the peptide portion of laminin, but not the oligosaccharide moiety since its adhesive activity was reduced by boiling or trypsin treatment, but not by treatments that removed or modified its carbohydrate. Laminin outgrowth-promoting activity was further localized within its structural domains by use of the well-characterized proteolytic fragments of laminin, E1-4, and E8, and a synthetic peptide, CDPGYIGSR. The E1-4 fragment of laminin did not promote embryo outgrowth. However, the E8 fragment, which contains a heparin-binding domain as well as sites recognized during cell adhesion and neurite outgrowth, vigorously promoted outgrowth in both the presence and absence of heparin, heparan sulfate, or heparinase. Consistent with these results, outgrowth on intact laminin was not inhibited by CDPGYIGSR, a sequence within the E1-4 fragment that is known to mediate the adhesion of some cell types. It is concluded from these results that early trophoblast cells adhere to peptide in the E8 domain of laminin using a mechanism that is independent of the one used for adhesion to fibronectin.