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A multivariate analysis of infant mortality in developing countries.


 The variables significantly associated with the infant mortality rate in 49 developing countries were identified through a multiple regression technique. The data were derived from the 1989 World Population Data Sheet prepared by the Population Reference Bureau and the Family Planning and Child Survival: 100 Developing Countries report compiled at Columbia University. 11 variables were included in the regression model: population density, dependency ratio, per capita daily caloric intake, female literacy rate, gross national product, percent of the population living in urban areas, percent of the population with access to a safe water supply, population per hospital bed, population per physician, number of oral rehydration solution packets used per 100 diarrhea episodes, and family planning program effort score. Only 2 of these variables--the female literacy rate and the percent of the population with access to safe water--were significantly related to infant mortality. A 1 standard deviation increased in the female literacy rate and a 1 standard deviation increased in the percent of population with access to a safe water supply are associated with decreases of 0.39 and 0.28 standard deviation, respectively, in the infant mortality rate. The policy implications of these findings are that governments concerned with reducing the infant mortality rate should institute mass primary school education and improve access to purified drinking water.
