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Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based UAV Data Collection and Offloading in NOMA-Enabled Marine IoT Systems

The rapid growth of maritime wireless communication demand and the complex offshore wireless communication environment have brought challenges to ensure the real-time and reliability of data transmission in the marine Internet of Things (MIoT). Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have great advantages in enhancing coverage and channel quality. Hence, we investigate a UAV-assisted data collection and data offloading system based on nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technology in this paper. We jointly optimize the buoy-UAV association relationship, transmit powers, and the UAV trajectory to minimize the total mission completion time while ensuring data transmission requirements. We first propose a UAV trajectory optimization algorithm based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL). Then, we design a heuristic algorithm to effectively solve the subproblem of power control and the association relationship. Finally, we propose a joint optimization scheme to solve the minimization problem. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.