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Ehlers-Danlos syndrome IV due to a novel defect in type III procollagen.

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV (EDS IV) is characterized by variable changes in the skin, arterial fragility, bowel perforation, minimal joint involvement, and either autosomal recessive or autosomal dominant inheritance. The unifying biochemical abnormality is a deficiency of type III collagen; all patients studied thus far have shown a defect in either synthesis or in secretion of type III procollagen. We report on an adolescent boy who inherited EDS IV from his father and who developed a spontaneous subclavian artery aneurysm. In vitro studies of collagen production in dermal fibroblasts showed normal amounts of pro alpha 1 (III) messenger RNA and synthesis and secretion of nearly equal amounts of normal and of structurally abnormal pro alpha 1 (III) monomers. This patient is biochemically distinct from previous cases of EDS IV and is likely heterozygous for a mutation that results in an aberrant type III procollagen that is particularly susceptible to protease degradation.