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Miramistin: from dermatovenerology to prevention of coronavirus infection. Literature review

IMPORTANCE: In 2019, the world faced a serious threat – a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) –which entailed severe social and economic losses. Considering the massive spread of COVID-19 in 2020, recently, studying the methods of prevention used to prevent the spread of the disease is considered relevant. RESULTS: We have analyzed scientific publications devoted to the study of prevention in databases, such as Scopus, Web of Science, and CyberLeninka. Antiseptic drugs were of particular interest; thus, this article describes the nonspecific preventive measures with the use of miramistin antiseptic drug. This drug has a wide antimicrobial and antiviral spectrum of action. It has a bactericidal effect on aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, and their association on fungal microflora with significant influences on herpes viruses, human immunodeficiency, hepatitis, and sexually transmitted pathogens. Therefore, for many years, this drug is actively used as a means of prevention. Scientific evidence stating that miramistin can inactivate coronaviruses exists. The obtained data show that miramistin in 0.0001% concentration reduces the infectious activity of human coronavirus almost twice, and miramistin in 0.005% concentration and above completely neutralizes the infectious activity of human coronavirus. It has been proven that miramistin has an immunoadjuvant effect, which leads to increased protective reactions of the skin and enhances skin regeneration due to the activation of cellular and humoral immune responses. CONCLUSION: Miramistin preparation has the following important advantage: it has a selective effect on pathogens and does not have an adverse effect on body tissues.