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OP20.04: The relationship of newborn adiposity to neonatal growth outcome based on birth weight or the neonatal growth assessment score

Methods: Singleton fetuses on suspicion of growth restriction by antenatal ultrasound and whose birth weight was less than 10th percentile for their gestational age (more than 34 weeks) were included. Postnatal body weights were monitored at around 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. Newborns with aneuploidy or multiple and/or severe structural anomalies were excluded. Maternal hypertensive disease was defined as chronic or gestational hypertension, preeclampsia or superimposed preeclampsia. The degree of growth restriction was measured by a z-score for each age and gender of the infant using the Korean growth standards. The gap between z-score at specific month and z-score at birth was interpreted as a degree of catch-up growth. Results: The women with hypertensive disease were delivered at lower gestational age than those without hypertension (median [range]: 36.1 [34.3–40.9] vs. 38.5 [34.7–41.9], P < 0.05), but there were no differences of maternal height, follow-up duration or gender ratio of newborns between the two groups. The gap between z-score at 3, 6, and 12 months and z-score at birth was significantly higher in newborn born to mothers with hypertensive disease than those without hypertension for each. The difference of the gap of z-score at 12 months between the two groups was still significant after adjusting for gestational age at birth (median [range]: 4.41 [2.69–6.87] vs. 2.08 [1.79–6.26], P < 0.05). Conclusions: Secondary growth restriction caused by maternal hypertension may be transient in utero and can be overcome postnatally. However, constitutionally small babies lag behind normal growth.