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TISSUE DOPPLER ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN INFANTS WITH PNEUMONIA

Background: Pneumonia is a major public health and economic problem with a considerable impact on morbidity and mortality in children. The single largest and the most common infectious cause of death in children worldwide. Aim and objective:; to assess left ventricular functions among infants with pneumonia using Tissue Doppler Echocardiography. Subjects and methods: this cross sectional case control study was conducted at AL Hussein and Al-Sayed Galal Al-Azhar university hospitals from Jan 2022 to May 2022 on 50 cases. 16 were males and 14 were females. Patients’ ages ranged from 2 months to less than 1 year admitted as respiratory distress diagnosed as pneumonia. The control group consisted of 20 matched healthy infants of the same gender and age. Routine 2D echo was done, pulsed Doppler and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) was done at the level of mitral valve, Tricuspid annular plan systolic excursion (TAPSE) using Philips EPIQ 7C Result: the most prevalent finding on our study is slight overall affection of ventricular functions (MPI) in cases compared to control, also Systolic dysfunction was detected in the cases by S wave affection (<10 cm/s), and decline of TAPSE as indicator of overall myocardial function of both right and left ventricles. Diastolic function is preserved and couldn’t be detected by tissue Doppler in our study. Conclusion: TAPES and MPI were a useful indicator of systolic and diastolic dysfunction as a part of cardiovascular complication of pneumonia in infants and could be detected by tissue Doppler imaging as new imaging technique of echocardiography. Systolic dysfunction can be detected in in cases by S wave affection (<10 cm/s), diastolic function is reserved with no tissue Doppler parameters of diastolic dysfunction. but elevation of MPI as indicator of overall function of left ventricle and decline of TAPSE as indicator of overall myocardial function of both right and left ventricles, both can be used as predictors of diastolic dysfunction that’s can't be detected by parameters of tissue Doppler in our study.