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Dietary Flaxseed is Protective in a Murine Model of Lung Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Flaxseed (FS), rich in omega‐3 fatty acids and lignans with known anti‐inflammatory and anti‐oxidant properties, is protective in experimental Acute Lung Injury (ALI). In this study FS was evaluated in a murine model of ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), a common complication of lung transplantation. Animals fed either 10% FS‐supplemented or control diets (0% FS) for several weeks were anesthetized for tracheostomy and mechanical ventilation, and the entire left hilum was clamped (60 min) and unclamped to allow reperfusion (60 min). IRI was evaluated using real time arterial blood gases (ABG), histology, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) protein and white blood cell (WBC) content measurements. Compared to sham operated mice, mice fed 0% FS before IRI had significant decreases in PaO2 (100 vs. 54.5 mmHg), O2 saturation (96 vs. 70%), and pH (7.28 vs. 7.02), an increase in BAL protein (0.27 vs. 1.0 mg/ml), and marked perivascular and alveolar edema, intra‐alveolar hemorrhage, and WBC accumulation seen histologically. In contrast, as compared to 0% FS fed mice before IRI, mice fed 10% FS before IRI had significant increases in PaO2 (54.5 vs. 81.4 mmHg), O2 saturation (70 vs. 91%), and pH (7.02 vs. 7.15), a significant decrease in lung BAL protein (1.0 vs. 0.8 mg/ml), and no histological evidence of IRI (all groups p<0.05). We conclude that dietary FS is protective in experimental IRI as demonstrated by an improvement in physiologic, histologic, and biologic parameters.