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Electrochromic properties of nickel oxide thin films prepared by the sol-gel method

The electrochromic nickel oxide films were prepared onto transparent conducting film on glass substrate by the sol-gel method using an ethylene glycol solution of nickel nitrate hexahydrate. The films produced by the dip-coating method and calcined at 250, 300, and 350 degree(s)C. The formed films were characterized by their electrochromic behavior in cyclic voltammetry. The formed films showed electrochromic behavior in 1M KOH aqueous solution as electrolytic solution. The cyclic voltammograms were recorded up to 100 cycles for each film. The anodic peak of the coloration reaction appeared at approximately +400 mV, while the cathodic peak of the bleaching reaction occurred at about +200 mV versus Ag/AgCl. Both the anodic peak and the cathodic peak increased with an increase of the cyclic numbers in voltammograms, whereas these peaks at 100 cycles decreased with an increase of the calcination temperature of nickel oxide films. The calcination gave great influence on the other electrochromic behaviors of nickel oxide films.