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Gastric Burkitt lymphoma: A rare cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in a child with HIV/AIDS.

Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) bleeding is an uncommon manifestation of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) despite frequent involvement of the gastrointestinal tract by infections, malignancies, and other disorders (1). Primary gastric Burkitt lymphoma is rare in children; only 4 pediatric cases of gastric Burkitt lymphomas have been reported previously (2–4). According to our review of the literature, this is the first case report of a child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to gastric Burkitt lymphoma. An 11-year-old African American male with congenital HIV/AIDS, noncompliant with a highly active antiretroviral regimen for at least 2 months, was admitted to the hospital with a 5-day history of fever and abdominal pain. The patient was noted to have guaiac-positive stools and subsequently developed frank melena. He was started on intravenous lansoprazole. A nasogastric tube was inserted and bloody gastric contents were aspirated. The patient appeared malnourished and had periorbital edema. He was pale and tachycardic with a blood pressure of 108/65 mmHg. His abdomen was soft, flat, and nontender. The liver was palpated 4 cm below the right costal margin in the midclavicular line. The spleen measured 6 cm below the left costal margin. A gastrostomy tube was in place and the peristomal site showed the presence of granulation tissue. Laboratory investigations revealed hemoglobin of