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Allergenic similarities of 2S albumins

was detected in 7/114 (6%) infants. A total of 15/114 (13%) infants had challengeproven cow’s milk allergy. The mean age at diagnosis of CMA was 7.2 (5.9-8.5) months. The mean duration of breastfeeding was exclusively 3.3 (3.0–3.6) and overall 7.7 (7.1-8.3) months and was comparable in infants with and without positive SPT or challenge. The mean energy intake of the mothers was 8.0 (7.7-8.3), MJ/day. Maternal intake of cow’s milk protein ranged from 1.9 to 63.1 g/day, mean 26.2 (24.0–28.3) g/day and, adjusted for energy intake, 3.3 (3.0–3.5) g/MJ/day. The mean proportion of energy derived from fat was 36.6 (35.637.6) E% and from saturated fatty acids 15.8 (15.2-16.3), E%. Maternal intake of cow’s milk protein was not associated with SPT reaction to milk or CMA in the infant (Table 1). In contrast, high intakes of total fat and saturated fatty acids were associated with sensitization to milk. Our result indicates that sensitization to food allergens may not depend directly on the absolute amount of allergenic proteins in the diet, but rather on a complexity of dietary determinants. The Western diet typically contains an abundance of fat, especially saturated fatty acids, and the prevalence of allergic disease is highest in Western societies. It would appear that breastfeeding mothers should perhaps reduce their fat intake rather than eliminate cow’s milk from their diet to prevent allergy in the infant.