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NSRD-16: Computational Capability to Substantiate DOE-HDBk-3010 Data

Safety basis analysts throughout the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) complex rely heavily on the information provided in the DOE Handbook, DOE-HDBK-3010, Airborne Release Fractions/Rates and Respirable Fractions for Nonreactor Nuclear Facilities, to determine source terms. In calculating source terms, analysts tend to use the DOE Handbook’s bounding values on airborne release fractions (ARFs) and respirable fractions (RFs) for various categories of insults (representing potential accident release categories). This is typically due to both time constraints and the avoidance of regulatory critique. Unfortunately, these bounding ARFs/RFs represent extremely conservative values. Moreover, they were derived from very limited smallscale table-top and bench/laboratory experiments and/or from engineered judgment. Thus the basis for the data may not be representative to the actual unique accident conditions and configurations being evaluated. The goal of this research is to develop a more accurate method to identify bounding values for the DOE Handbook using the state-of-art multi-physics-based high performance computer codes. This enables us to better understand the fundamental physics and phenomena associated with the types of accidents for the data described in it. This research has examined two of the DOE Handbook’s liquid fire experiments to substantiate the airborne release fraction data. We found that additional physical phenomena (i.e., resuspension) need to be included to derive bounding values. For the specific cases of solid powder under pressurized condition and mechanical insult conditions the codes demonstrated that we can simulate the phenomena. This work thus provides a low-cost method to establish physics-justified safety bounds by taking into account specific geometries and conditions that may not have been previously measured and/or are too costly to do so.