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Synthesis and anticancer potential of aminomethyl derivatives of methyl-substituted asymmetrical curcumin mono-carbonyl

A series of new aminomethyl derivatives of methyl-substituted asymmetrical curcumin mono-carbonyl was synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer potential by means of cytotoxicity and selectivity determination against Hela, MCF-7, WiDr, A549, PLC/PRF/5, and Chang Liver cells lines using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) proliferation assay. The results showed that all the synthesized compounds (3a-f) exhibited high cytotoxic against WiDr cells lines, but only 3a-e had high cytotoxic against MCF-7 cells lines, and only 3b showed high cytotoxic against HeLa, A549 and PLC/PRF/5 cell lines. However, 3b and 3c exhibited high cytotoxic against Chang Liver (normal liver) cells lines. Further evaluations showed that compound 3d, 3e, and 3f exhibited a potent and selective cytotoxic agent (IC50 = 5.70, 5.55, and 2.97 µM) against WiDr (colorectal carcinoma) cells lines with selectivity index (SI) = 4.43, 2.69, and 2.04, respectively. The compounds performed better cytotoxic activity than 5-fluorouracil and curcumin (IC50 = 8.29 and >100 µM; and SI = 1.28 and < 1). So, compound 3d, 3e, and 3f were potential as an anticancer agent for colorectal carcinoma and should be further studied for investigating their mechanism of action and their effectivity in preclinical studies using an animal model.