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Flexible and Compact Spiral-Shaped Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Wireless Applications

ABSTRACT A flexible, spiral-shaped frequency reconfigurable antenna with a compact size (20 × 24  mm2) is presented. The proposed antenna has a low-profile planar structure and is able to operate at five different frequency bands, i.e., 4.19–4.48, 5.98–6.4, 3.42–4.0, 5.4–5.68, and 6.8–7.0 GHz. The multiband operation enables the antenna to cover aeronautical radio navigation, fixed satellite communication, WLAN, and WiMAX standards. A radiating element is backed by Rogers® 5880 substrate with a thickness of 0.508 mm and dielectric constant of 2.2. The spiral shape is achieved by introducing different strips. Frequency reconfiguration is achieved by the incorporation of a lumped element in a strip, so that the antenna can switch between different resonances. To validate the performance of the antenna, the prototype of the design was fabricated and tested. Good acquiescent is seen between simulated and measured results. The proposed antenna operates efficiently with appreciable return loss, directivity, bandwidth, and peak gain.