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The effect of scoliosis support orthosis bracing on adult spinal deformity patients: evaluation of gait and dynamic balance.

Non-operative treatment is regarded as the first-line therapy for patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD) without neurologic deficits or significant impairment. While there is high-level evidence supporting the use of rigid bracing in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, there is a paucity of literature pertaining to the use of scoliosis support orthosis (SSO) in ASD patients. To investigate the impact of an SSO on pain, gait parameters, and functional balance measures in symptomatic ASD patients. Thirty ASD patients (26 Females, Age: 72.7, Cobb Angle: 47.1°) were evaluated on 3 different occasions: first day of bracing: baseline (Pre), and 45-min post fitting (Post45m), and after 8-weeks of bracing for 4 hours a day (Post8w). Each patient performed a 6-minute walk (over-ground gait), a dynamic balance test, and completed VAS, ODI, and SRS22r. Significant short- and long-term improvements using SSO were found in the 6-minute walk (Pre: 278.6; Post45m: 322.2; Post8w: 338.8 m, p<0.001), walking speed (Pre: 0.88; Post45m: 0.97; Post8w: 0.97 m/s, p<0.001), head total sway distance during the balance test (Pre: 81.33; Post45m: 68.63; Post8w: 60.72 cm, p=0.048), low-back pain (VAS: Pre: 5.5; Post45m: 3.5; Post8w: 3.3, p<0.001), and for the ODI (Pre: 41.9; Post45m: 32.9; Post8w: 30.1, p=0.005).This study demonstrated clinically significant improvements in PROMs, spatiotemporal gait measures, and functional balance measures after continuous use of a SSO. These improvements were observed immediately following brace-fitting and maintained at an 8-week follow-up. Given these results, it is reasonable to consider a SSO for conservative management of patients with mild symptoms of pain and deformity, and who have not yet progressed to meet surgical indications.