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A high directivity patch antenna using a PBG cover together with a PBG substrate

A high directivity patch antenna using a photonic bandgap (PBG) cover together with a PBG substrate is designed. The input return loss, radiation pattern and directivity of this antenna are studied by the finite-difference time-domain method. The directivity of the PBG antenna is greatly improved. Experimental results are also reported to verify the design.