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Control Of Surface Fouling Of Membrane Modules In Membrane Bioreactors

The article considers the approaches in the field of membrane fouling control in membrane bioreactors used for wastewater treatment. It is highlighted that a significant number of research world-wide is devoted to the study of membrane fouling, which makes it possible to point out and identify the main factors affecting membrane fouling. Generally, such factors are the parameters of operation of the biological treatment reactor with a submerged membrane module, the properties of the biomass of activated sludge, as well as the characteristics of the membranes themselves, while the process of fouling is a three-stage mechanism. This article considers two approaches to control the process of the surface fouling of membrane modules: by improving the functioning of the aeration system and using floating biomass carriers. For aeration systems the concept of the minimum allowable aeration intensity is defined as a value which positively affects the reduction of fouling. The use of biomass carriers in addition to the function of biomass accumulation makes it possible to create additional shear forces on the surface of the membrane module, which contribute to more intensive removal of contaminants from the surface. It is established that the combination of several ways to control fouling is particularly effective, which has a positive effect on the operation of the treatment systems.