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Subcutaneous fat necrosis: a term in question for skin alteration in pigs with dimpled appearance

In 1957, a case of dimpled skin alterations in pigs on a farm was described. The dimpled appearance of the skin was assumed to be due to subcutaneous fat necrosis. Presumably based on that report, the term ‘fat necrosis’ was adopted and used in textbooks where it can be found until today. In the presented case, two five-month-old pigs with multifocal irregular dimpling and cobblestone-like skin changes resembling skin alterations termed ‘subcutaneous fat necrosis’ were investigated. Histology showed that the thickness of the subcutaneous adipose tissue of the dimpled skin area was markedly lower than that of the cobblestone-like area. Biochemical analysis revealed that skin from the cobblestone-like area had a higher proportion of unsaturated fatty acids than the dimpled skin area. The results suggest that the dimpled skin appearance of the pigs examined in this study is due to a lower thickness of the outer backfat layer.