{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.032329988851727984, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 5.0675675675675675, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
User-defined interaction for smart homes: voice, touch, or mid-air gestures?

Smart home appliances and smart homes, in general, are on the verge of ubiquity. Research and industry proposed a range of modalities, including speech, mid-air gestures, and touch displays, to control smart homes. While previous work designed for the individual modalities, it is unclear how they compare from a user-centered perspective. Therefore, we conducted an elicitation study that asked participants to propose commands using speech, mid-air gestures, and a touch display. Also, we asked participants to rate their suggestions and the modalities. The results show that using voice commands or a touch display is clearly preferred compared to the use of mid-air gestures. As we found high agreement scores for voice commands, our results also highlight the potential of elicitation studies for voice interfaces.