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Interleukin‐1 but not tumour necrosis factor α synergistically upregulates the granulocyte—macrophage colony‐stimulating factor‐induced B7‐1 expression of murine Langerhans cells

Epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) express several co‐stimulatory molecules such as B7/BB1. which has been Implicated as one of the important determinants for potent antigen‐presenting function of LC. Recent studies have shown that B7/BB1 antigens comprise three distinct molecules termed B7‐1, B7‐2 and B7‐3. Previous studies have revealed that the phenotypic and functional properties of murine LC are enormously affected by various cytokines including granulocyle‐macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM‐CSF), interleukin‐l (IL‐1), and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF‐α)derived from surrounding keratinocytes. We have already demonstrated that the expression of B7‐1 of murine LC is significantly enhanced by GM‐CSF, IL‐1 or TNF‐α. In this paper, we present that IL‐I, hut not TNF‐α, synergistically up‐regulates the GM‐CSF‐induced B7‐1 expression of murine LC.