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A qualitative systematic review on nurses' experiences of workplace bullying and implications for nursing practice.

AIMS
To explore nurses' experiences of workplace bullying and ways to prevent such occurrences.


DESIGN
A qualitative systematic review was conducted.


DATA SOURCES
Five electronic databases were searched from each database's inception to December 2020.


REVIEW METHODS
Meta-summary and meta-synthesis were conducted using Sandelowski and Barroso's approach.


RESULTS
Twenty-seven studies were included in this review. The overarching theme, 'The Vicious Cycle of Bullying in Nursing', and four themes were synthesized: (a) different 'faces' of bullying, (b) the hidden drivers of bullying, (c) impact of being bullied and (d) responses to bullying.


CONCLUSION
The nursing code of ethics and anti-bullying policies should be consistently enforced by each organization's upper management. Nurses should be provided a safe space to voice their concerns on bullying within the organization.