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Procalcitonin and neopterin as indicators of infection in critically ill patients

Background: In critically ill patients, severe infection and systemic inflammation due to non‐infectious causes produce very similar clinical presentations, and traditional infection markers do not always differentiate these two conditions. Both procalcitonin and neopterin have been suggested to aid in the early diagnosis of bacterial infections and in differentiating bacterial infections from systemic inflammatory, non‐infectious diseases or from viral infections.