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Harriet G. Rosenberg, A Negotiated World: Three Centuries of Change in a French Alpine Community , with a foreword by Eric R. Wolf (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1988).

Harriet G. Rosenberg, A Negotiated World: Three Centuries of Change in a French Alpine Community, with a foreword by Eric R. Wolf (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1988). Harriet G. Rosenberg's A Negotiated World occupies the fascinating borders between anthropology and history. A study of Abries, a remote Alpine village in southeastern France, the book is based on both the field research typical of anthropology and on the archival documentation common in history. The organization is at once thematic and chronological. Individual chapters resemble what one would expect in an anthropological study, but as the reader moves from chapter to chapter, he watches the history of the village unfold from the eighteenth century to the present. In particular, he sees how Abries was affected by social and political transformations: How the village prospered under the Old Regime; how its political situation changed during the French Revolution; how it suffered from economic dislocations and from the ill-conceived plans of Parisian bureaucrats in the nineteenth century; and how the image of backwardness that afflicts the villagers today is no long standing tradition but a relatively recent creation. Under the Old Regime, the villagers of Abries profited from a thriving agropastoral economy and from trade with surrounding regions. Vibrant collective institutions provided drainage, regulated access to common lands, and provided villagers with what amounted to insurance. Abries was no paradise—there were differences in power and wealth—but the villagers were able to exploit Old-Regime judicial institutions and their distance from Paris in order to lighten their tax burden and to protect communal resources. The family of local notaries who defended the village in the Old-Regime courts certainly profited personally, but so too did a large number of the villagers themselves. The Revolution and the political changes of the nineteenth century eliminated the legal privileges with which the villagers craftily defended themselves and subjected Abries to a far more powerful central government. As a result the village elite changed, and the village lost its autonomy. Worst of all, agricultural planners forced the villagers to adopt individualistic dairy farming, which accelerated the village's economic decline. Shrewder villagers migrated to jobs in the city, while those who remained seemed mired in a "traditional" poverty that was largely the state's making. A Negotiated World will appeal to historians, to anthropologists, and to anyone concerned with peasant life and peasant politics. It reveals crafty villagers who could adopt a wide variety of strategies to defend their interests,