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Dietary α‐Linolenic Acid (ALA) is Sufficiently Converted to Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) to Increase Bioactive Lipids Derived from DHA

There is considerable debate on whether α‐linolenic acid (ALA) can be sufficiently converted to docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for optimal health. DHA has beneficial health effects and is critical for tissues such as the retina and brain. It produces bioactive lipids, such as resolvins, protectins and hydroxy DHA (HDoHE) with anti‐inflammatory, vasodilatory, anti‐aggregatory and anti‐proliferative effects. Many organizations worldwide provide recommendations for minimal DHA intake, but vegans, who consume little or no DHA, have shown no apparent detrimental health effects. Moreover, the Institute of Medicine Dietary Reference Intakes do not provide a minimum recommendation for DHA, and only have a recommendation for adequate ALA intake. Although dietary ALA generally does not significantly alter DHA levels, tissue fatty acid levels are not always an accurate indication of bioactive lipid levels. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine whether dietary ALA can alter levels of DHA derived bioactive lipids (oxylipins) in normal rat tissues.