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Partitioning of ochratoxin A in mycelium and conidia of Aspergillus carbonarius and the impact on toxin contamination of grapes and wine

Aims:  Aspergillus carbonarius is an important ochratoxin A (OTA)‐producing fungus which is responsible for toxin contamination of grapes and wine. The objectives of this study were to examine the partitioning of OTA in mycelium and conidia of a range of A. carbonarius strains on artificial grape juice and defined media, to determine the excretion patterns of OTA from these spores, and the effect of organic acids used in wine production on OTA excretion from conidia.