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Meta-Analysis of Neurological Foci and Cognitive Dysfunction Correlates in Autism Spectrum Disorder

The present meta-analysis surveyed the literature on the neurological foci that have been found to be associated with the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in order to align those foci with the known cognitive functions and dysfunctions of those brain areas. Additionally, with the forthcoming fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5; American Psychological Association [APA], 2011), the present paper used the proposed DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for ASD as part of the alignment with known cognitive functions and dysfunctions. To date, the authors are unaware of any meta-analysis that has aggregated studies investigating the neural bases for aberrant behaviors associated with ASD using any DSM version or the proposed DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for ASD. Thus, this paper intends to conglomerate all current, salient research that has assessed the neurological foundations of ASD.