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Molecular mechanism of GG-specific photooxidation of DNA.

Oxidative DNA damage has been implicated in a variety of pathophysiological processes especially cancer and aging. Therefore, considerable interest has recently been given to the chemical structure and repair mechanisms of the damaged sites. In examining types of novel oxidative DNA damage, our group recently found that 2-aminoimidazolone (Iz) is formed in amounts larger than that of 8-oxo-G during the photoreaction of DNA with riboflavin. Our group also pointed out the intriguing possibility that the Iz thus formed can produce a stable base pair with C, thereby giving rise to a G:C to C:G transversion mutation. In this short review, we focused on the new type of oxidative DNA damage, Iz.