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OPTICAL IMAGING OF RESPIRATORY NEURON ACTIVITY FROM THE DORSAL VIEW OF THE LOWER BRAINSTEM

1. We visualized respiratory‐related neuron network activity in the dorsal part of the pons and medulla of an in vitro preparation from newborn rats by optical recordings using a voltage‐sensitive dye. We measured optical signals from several seconds before to several seconds after the inspiratory phase using the inspiratory motor nerve discharge as the trigger signal and we averaged the optical signals of 20–50 respiratory cycles to obtain an optical image correlating specifically to inspiratory activity.