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The Blue, Green, and Brown: Insurgency and Counter-insurgency on the Water

It is not only the security forces that can make effective use of the sea. The aim of this article is to explain the concept of maritime insurgency and to make clear the nature of the current threat. It uses historical and contemporary examples to illustrate both why and how insurgents have sought to use coastal and inland waters and the high seas, to further their aims. It suggests that the maritime insurgent activity currently taking place is difficult to separate from the wider problems of criminality and disorder at sea, and that, given the speed of political and technological change, there is no reason the intensity of irregular conflict that has been experienced by land forces could not in future be replicated at sea. It argues, furthermore, that because insurgents do not recognise territorial boundaries and treat all three types of water – blue, green, and brown – as a continuum, naval forces need to be prepared to do the same.