{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.028148148148148148, 'fraction_numerical': 0.005925925925925926, 'mean_word_length': 5.283720930232558, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Unity, era and world in La Méditerranée

The second edition of La Méditerranée (1966), the one that is generally known and translated, does not contain the ‘Conclusions’ to Part One of the work, which were present in the first edition, from 1949. Braudel wrote this chapter, entitled ‘Geohistory and determinism’, to look in depth at the connection between environment and history, the problem of the historiographic importance of geographical space for the interpretation of men's actions. He begins by drawling the reader's attention to three types of historiographic experience (repetitions and evocations), each of which he considers to be a form of victory over time. These are geographical analogies, distant in space and time; analogous events that happen at a distance from each other in time but in the same geographical space; the encounter between immobile islands of life, because in the Mediterranean there is no brutal break between past and present. Braudel's reflections on these experiences allow us to consider in depth the historiographic notions of unity (which does not reduce the plurality of spaces), world (without geographical limits) and age (without temporal axiality), as well as a non-deterministic idea of the relationships between the geographical environment and human action as a place where history generally occurs.