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Why green chemistry and sustainability of resources are essential to our future.

The roots of the current preoccupation with Green Chemistry and Sustainability can be traced back to the environmental movement of the 1960s and 1970s. The publication of Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring and Barry Commoner’s The Closing Circle focused public attention on the negative side effects of a multitude of chemical products on our natural environment. These problems were in turn a direct consequence of economic growth which can be traced back to the industrial revolution which created a need for new chemicals and materials to meet the growing demands of an industry largely fueled by coal. With the advent of the petrochemicals industry, in the 1920s, the basic feedstock changed to crude oil and natural gas. This industry had its heyday in the 1950s and 1960s when predictions of future growth rates tended to be exponential curves. This simplistic and optimistic view of the future was disturbed in the early 1970s by the publication of the report for the Club of Rome on the ‘Limits to Growth’ which emphasized the finite nature of nonrenewable fossil fuel resources. The Oil Crisis of 1973 subsequently highlighted the vulnerability of an energy and chemicals industry that is based largely on a single fossil fuel. The environmental movement did not have a broad industrial or societal impact,