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Water Pollution by Heavy Metals in The Western Lagoon and its Effect on Timsah Lake and Consequently on Suez Canal

The following study aims to investigate the dispersion of pollutants in the coastal region of the State of ParanAi, located on the southeastern continental shelf of Brazil, which includes two important estuarine systems, ParanaguAi Estuarine Complex and Guaratuba Bay. Initially, hydrodynamic simulations were performed through the Delft3D modeling system, with the hydrodynamic module (FLOW); subsequently, the dispersion of pollutants was evaluated, using the Delft3D water quality module (WAQ). Considering that submarine sewage outfalls constitute an excellent solution for an efficient and sustainable management of effluents, the question to be addressed in the study is the possibility of evaluating this solution through numerical modeling. The results of the models are indicative of the best locations for the construction of submarine emissaries, thus constituting an important subsidy in the treatment of sewage in the coast of the State of ParanAi, especially for coastal cities that suffer great environmental pressure due to activities related to tourism, fishing and maritime transport.