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Bioinorganic nanocomposite hydrogels formed by HRP-GOx-cascade-catalyzed polymerization and exfoliation of the layered composites.

The mild preparation of multifunctional nanocomposite hydrogels is of great importance for practical applications. We report that bioinorganic nanocomposite hydrogels, with calcium niobate nanosheets as cross-linkers, can be prepared by dual-enzyme-triggered polymerization and exfoliation of the layered composite. The layered HRP/calcium niobate composites (HRP=horseradish peroxidase) are formed by the assembly of the calcium niobate nanosheets with HRP. The dual-enzyme-triggered polymerization can induce the subsequent exfoliation of the layered composite and final gelation through the interaction between polymer chains and inorganic nanosheets. The self-immobilized HRP-GOx enzymes (GOx=glucose oxidase) within the nanocomposite hydrogel retain most of enzymatic activity. Evidently, their thermal stability and reusability can be improved. Notably, our strategy could be easily extended to other inorganic layered materials for the fabrication of other functional nanocomposite hydrogels.