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Sporocidal activity of local anaesthetics and their binary combinations with preservatives

The sporocidal activity of 1% solutions of five local anaesthetics and five preservatives (cetrimide, chlorocresol, chlorhexidine, phenoxyethanol and phenylmercuric nitrate) at their pharmacopeial concentrations, alone and in binary combinations was determined against Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus niger spores at different temperature levels by the surface viable count technique. The sporicidal activity of all tested systems were temperature dependent. A. niger spores were much more sensitive to the tested systems than B. subtilis spores. The temperature at which 99% of all spores were killed after 30 min exposure time of the anaesthetics were calculated. In case of the local anaesthetics alone against spores of A. niger the recorded temperatures were 30 °C for amethocaine, 45 °C for both amylocaine and cincochaine, 48 °C and 50 °C for lignocaine and procaine, respectively, in contrast to 58 °C in a control with saline solution. Much higher temperatures were calculated against B. subtilis spores. Cincochaine was the most effective local anaesthetic with a recorded temperature of 60 °C, where 99% killed occurred. Amylocaine and amethocaine showed temperatures of 84 °C and 90 °C, respectively. Procaine, lignocaine as well saline solution as a control caused a 99% killing effect at temperatures higher than 100 °C.