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"Genetic Contribution and Inhibitor Marker of Diabetic Disease: A Review Article"

: Currently available glucose-lowering therapies target one or more of the treatment pathways. The patient approach should be used for multiple pharmacological options. Factors to consider include efficacy, cost, potential side effects, weight gain, comorbidities, risk of hypoglycemia, and patient preference. Pharmacological treatment should be initiated when glycemic control is not achieved or if HbA1C increases to 6.5% after 2-3 months of lifestyle intervention. Discussion : Therapy with oral medication should be started in conjunction with intensive lifestyle management. The major classes of oral antidiabetic drugs include biguanides, sulfonylureas, meglitinides, thiazolidinedione (TZD) inhibitors, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT2) inhibitors, and -glucosidase inhibitors. If the HbA1C level increases to 7.5% during treatment or if the baseline HbA1C is 9%, combination therapy with two oral agents, or with insulin, may be an option. Although this drug can be used in all patients regardless of their weight, some drugs such as liraglutide may have distinct advantages in obese patients compared to lean diabetics. Conclusion : Inhibitors is for patients not receiving an intensive insulin regimen. According to current guidelines, HbA1C levels should be assessed regularly in all diabetic patients. The frequency of HbA1C testing is flexible and depends primarily on the patient’s response to therapy and the physician’s judgment. HbA1C testing is performed at least every 6 months for patients who are meeting treatment goals.