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[An investigation on malaria vectors in western part of China-Myanmar border].

OBJECTIVE
To reveal the distribution and composition of malaria-transmitting vectors on the western part of China-Myanmar border.


METHODS
An entomological survey of malaria vectors was carried out in six villages of Yingjiang County and Xidong County on China-Myanmar border between August and September, 2008. Mosquitoes in human dwellings and cattle sheds were collected by overnight trapping with ovitrap light. The mosquitoes were firstly identified morphologically, and then Anopheles minimus A and C, An. aconitus, and An. jeyporiensis were identified by using multiplex PCR. Some mosquitoes were selected to extract the total genomic DNA, and detect sporozoites by nested PCR.


RESULTS
A total of 4571 mosquitoes were captured with 54.32% (2483/4571) of anopheline mosquitoes. There was significant difference in Anopheles species composition in human dwellings and cattle sheda The main species in human dwellings were An. kochi, An. minimus, and An. sinensis, while the principal species in cattle sheds consist of An. kochi (223), An. annularis (184), An. vagus (131), and An jeyporiensis (129). Furthermore, the composition in human dwellings of villages with and without cattle was significantly different. An. minimus (260) and An. kochi (49) werethe most important species in villages with cattle, whereas An. kochi (481) and An. sinensis (124) were the key species in villages without cattle. A total of 1075 mosquitoes were examined for sporozoites and 9 mosquitoes were found to be infected. Only three species, Le. An. minimus (7/408), An aconiaus (1/125) and An. pseudowillmori (1/101) were infected with malaria parasite. All sporozoites were identified as Plasmodium falcipoarum by sequencing, the target fragment was 204 bp.


CONCLUSION
The species composition of mosquitoes is complex in the study sites on the western part of China-Myanmar border, and An. minimus is the major malaria vector. Additionally, An. aconitus and An.pseudowillmori are also confirmed as potential malaria vector in this area.