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Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Hepatitis (C) Virus Related Cirrhosis Treated with Direct Acting Antiviral Therapy

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common malignancy in the world. Its appearance is mainly linked to the presence of liver cirrhosis, hepatitis viruses (HCV and HBV) are major etiological factors of chronic hepatitis and fibrosis. The infection with HCV is still risk factor for HCC. Objective: The aim of this work was to estimate recurrence rate of HCC in patients with HCV related cirrhosis after direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) in (Sharkia Governorate). Patients and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in Tropical Medicine Department, Zagazig University Hospitals, during the period between December 2017 and May 2018. This study included 120 patients with cirrhosis caused by chronic HCV infection. Group A: included 60 patients with HCC treated with different modality of intervention (ethanol alcohol injection, radiofrequency ablation and trans-arterial chemo-embolisation) showing complete radiologic response and had HCV related cirrhosis and treated with DAAs. While Group B: included 60 patients with HCV related cirrhosis without development of HCC and treated with DAAs. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding age, sex or any other demographic data. Incidence of HCC was 33% in group A while 30% in group B 6 months after DAAs. Conclusion: Recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis (C) virus related cirrhosis treated with direct acting antiviral therapy was common.