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Dynamic sampling in digital microfluidic devices

There are critical implementation challenges to consider for new digital microfluidic technologies. In dynamic applications, properties of both the system and the microdroplet are changing in time due to the adsorption of microdroplet species at the solid-liquid and liquid-vapor interfaces. In this paper, these digital microfluidic dynamic challenges are overcome through the introduction of real-time sensing submodules. Dynamic sampling has been added to the actuation mechanisms of the digital microfluidic system, and it is shown that the complete fluid system can be characterized simultaneously by measurements of the microfluidic system capacitance and the microdroplet contact angle.