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Summary of Remarks by Yishai Blank

When one is faced with the question of the relationship between globalization and the creation of transnational alliances of identity politics of sexuality, it seems that the title of this panel may be re-read as a suggestion to re-read John D'Emilio in the age of globalization. It was D'Emilio, who in his 1983 article "Capitalism and Gay Identity" linked the rise of gay identity to the rise of capitalism. D'Emilio argued that it was the emergence of capitalism that made gay identity possible: Capitalism required a system of labor based on wages, rather than on the self-sufficient household. Thus, the expansion of wage labor effected a profound transformation in the structure of the family. Wages gave people relative autonomy, away from their families, which was the necessary material condition for the making of lesbianism and gayness. Only when individuals began to make their living through wage labor was it possible for homosexual desire to coalesce into a personal identity. It was thus capitalism that created conditions that allowed some men and women to organize a personal life around their attraction to their own sex, and made possible the formation of urban communities of lesbians and gay men, and of a politics based on sexual identity. In this panel, the different speakers touched upon globalization, the current form of capitalism, and upon the ways in which this version of capitalism effected gay identity and gay identity politics.