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Structural Characteristics of Snow Drifts and Cornices

Sorting effects of snow particles during deposition were studied in field observations of snow cornices and wind-tunnel experiment of snow drifts. Grain size, density and hardness were larger at the upper part (root) of a cornice than at the lower part (scarp). Experiments with the use of a horizontal step in a wind-tunnel revealed the importance of redistribution of snow particles on the formation of drifts: at wind speed of 5 m/s, about 40% of particles fallen onto the surface behind a 0.1-m high step were removed by erosion, rebound and creep. The surface mass balance controlling the growth and shape of a drift are briefly discussed.