{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.028727092620108963, 'fraction_numerical': 0.008420009905894007, 'mean_word_length': 5.196319018404908, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
DIFFERENT IMPACT OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS ON OXIDATIVE STRESS: PP.21.343

Subjects and Methods: We have studied three models of high cardiovascular risk: hypertension (HT) with and without metabolic syndrome, familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH) with and without insulin resistance. Activation of genes, assessed by mRNA level, of pro-oxidant enzyme (NAPDH oxidase components) and AGTR1 as well as of antioxidant systems (CuZn-SOD2, CAT, GPX1, GSR, GSS and TXN) were measured in mononuclear cells of controls (n = 20) and patients (n = 90) by using Ready-To-Go You Prime First-Strand beads (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech). Primers for PCR were designed by Primer3 software. The PCR reaction was done using SYBR Green PCR Master Mix and ABI PRISM 7000 Sequence Detection System (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA). Activity of some of these antioxidant enzymes was also tested. Results: An increase in OS and pro-oxidant gene mRNA values were observed in patients as compared to controls. Hypertensive group showed the highest OS values as well as the highest pro-oxidant activation as compared to that observed in the other groups. In addition, in hypertensive subjects a significantly reduced antioxidant activity and mRNA activation compared to controls and the others groups was found except for thioredoxin system that showed high level in HT. In HT and FCH the activation of pro-oxidant enzymes was also higher and the antioxidant lower than it was in the control group, although did not reach the values obtained in hypertensives. Thioredoxin system was activated in patients although the highest levels were in hypertension. Conclusion: The increased oxidative status in the presence of cardiovascular risk factors is consequence of both activation of prooxidant mechanisms and reduction of the antioxidant ones. The altered response of the main cytoplasmatic antioxidant systems largely contributes to OS despite the attempt of the thioredoxin system to control it.