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Plain-Weave Fabrics Made from Twistless and Low-Twist Staple Yarns

Although considerable data exists for plain-weave fabrics with twistless and low- twist fillings in combination with ring-spun warps, little data have been published about twisted fillings in combination with a twistless warp. The twist level, yarn spacing, and location of the yarn in either the warp or filling have major effects on the yarn crimp levels in the fabric. These in turn affect the properties of the fabric. In this work, twistless warps were used and the effects of changing the filling were studied. The filling twist levels were varied from zero to the value normally used in ring yarns; the fiber lengths and pick spacings were also varied over a wide range. The critical com binations of these parameters, beyond which failure by fiber slippage occurs, were identified and other forms of fabric failure studied. In particular, the effects of the unusual yarn geometry within the fabric produced considerable differenoes in the resistance of the fabric to tearing. The whole work underlines the importance of the in-situ yarn crimp in determining fabric properties.