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Influence of elastic and plastic support on the energy absorption of the extruded aluminium tube using ductile failure criterion

Thin-walled structures like crash tubes may be used as energy absorption members in automobile chassis. There have been a lot of investigations into the behaviour of these parts on the frontal crash. The main task of previous researches has been to predict the energy absorption and maximum impact force in shell structure. The energy absorption and maximum impact force depend on many parameters such as boundary conditions, the history of plastic deformation during metalworking, geometry, material, and impact energy (mass and velocity of striker). In this paper, the crash behaviour of a circular tube made of the extruded aluminium alloy EN AW-7108 T6 is studied. In this study, by creating elastic and plastic boundary conditions instead of rigid boundary conditions on the bottom of a crash box, the stress–strain sensitivity effect on box behaviour during a crash is considered. In addition, the effect of elastic and plastic boundary conditions on the energy absorption of circular tubes under impact force is numerically investigated. The ductile failure criterion is employed to accurately obtain crashworthiness simulation results. Results reveal that the use of elastic boundary can change deformation mode and decrease the maximum impact force.