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New plant hydraulic architecture reproduces impacts of droughts in the Amazon rainforest

The Amazon rainforest has been hit by extreme drought events in recent decades. Thereby, plant hydraulics are essential to better understand the impacts of droughts on single plants and whole forest ecosystems. Plant hydraulic mechanisms such as stomatal closure and leaf water potential are very complex, still posing challenges for current vegetation model development and parameterization. Here, we present the new hydraulic architecture of the Dynamic Global Vegetation Model LPJ-GUESS, accounting for leaf stomatal responses to plant water status and subsequent drought-induced mortality. We show that when applying the model to the Amazon rainforest we can reproduce the observed increasing trend in carbon losses and the decreasing trend in net carbon sink from plot observations over the past two decades. Our model simulations suggest that the increasing historical trend in carbon losses from mortality can be explained by hydraulic failure and associated mortality.