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Understanding the Determination of Neutrino Mixing Angles With ν̄ e s from Nuclear Reactors

Since the proposition of the neutrino as a fundamental particle in 1930, it has proved to be difficult to study, primarily because of its relatively rare interactions with matter at naturally occurring energies. Deducing the neutrino’s flavor mixing properties, then, is an exercise in precision measurement and clever experimental design. Nuclear reactor provide an intense, well known source of low-energy antineutrinos. Up to this point, however, uncertainties in the burning of the reactor have limited high precision studies of ν̄e disappearance. New experiments, including an US-China collaboration in Daya Bay, will improve upon previous measurements by using two detectors, one at a short baseline and one at long baseline, to minimize the systematic effects. This experiment hopes to provide insight into the values the ∆m13 and especially sin 2 2θ13. This paper conducts a mathematical simulation then analyzes the possible outcomes of this experiment in two cases, concentrating on the virtues and limitations of the two-detector approach. The first end will be to confirm that the experiment will produce results for values of sin 2θ13, the second will consider the bounds on the parameters if a fourth neutrino exists. In this case the hypothesis is that this will limit the sensitivity depending of the values of its mass and mixing angle.