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The Decolorization of Synthetic Dyes with Immobilized Bacillus species

Although, synthetic dyes have toxic effects on to environment, are very important for coloration of large number of materials and lead to increasing concerns about color removal worldwide. Immobilization of microorganisms is one of the promising techniques for biological treatment of wastewater with the many advantages for industrial usage. This study aimed to determine the efficiency of immobilized four different Bacillus species (B. cereus, B. megaterium, B. subtilis and B. thuringiensis) on decolorization of dyes (maxilon red, methyl red and doracryl blue) at different Na-alginate concentrations. B. megaterium and B. thuringiensis were most effective and decolorized the maxilon red 92.63% and 90.74%, respectively, with the Na-alginate concentration of 2.5%. B. megaterium was the most effective strain in decolorization of doracryl blue with 75.91% decolorization value and with beads at 10% Na-alginate concentration. B. megaterium was the most effective strain in decolorization of methyl red with 64.99% decolorization and the beads were prepared with 10% Na-alginate concentration. Among the four Bacillus species, B. megaterium was the most effective in the decolorization experiments of all three dyes. Results of this study could be used as a reference for the development of effective removal technique for dyes in textile wastewater.