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Biological significance and therapeutic potential of prostacyclin.

Prostacyclin and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) are both derived from arachidonic acid, a fatty acid present in the phospholipids of cell membranes. TXA2 is an unstable (t1/2 30s at 37 °C), powerful vasoconstrictor agent generated by platelets1. Prostacyclin is also unstable (t1/2 3 min at 37 °C) but induces vasodilatation and inhibits platelet aggregation. Prostacyclin and thromboxane A2 represent, therefore, the opposite poles of a homeostatic mechanism for regulation of platelet aggregability in vivo. Manipulation of this control mechanism will affect thrombus and haemostatic plug formation.