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The problem of rural geoculture based on the modern development of agriculture

During the period of intensification of agriculture and a change in the complex of conditions affecting the level of production, an acute issue is the attitude to land as the main means of production. Considering the natural characteristics of this means, a dilemma is arising in defining it as an object or subject of activity.
The presented article provides an analytical overview of the problem of modern agrarian relations associated with the imperfection of farming systems and the organization of agricultural production. In the context of geocultural understanding, the status of the land is determined, which goes beyond the exclusively economic problem of the village, acquires a deep ideological, anthropological nature.
Taking into account the conflicting opinions of famous thinkers and naturalists, it has been established that the geocultural paradigm of rural development should become an alternative to the village as a subject of the goal of activity. At the same time, the land is not an object and means of production, but a subjectively reliable way of managing, respectively, the spiritual foundations of the culture of the Ukrainian people.
Land as a geocultural subject cannot be a commodity and an object of sale and purchase, in contrast to land plots, which can become land due to the geocultural mode of management. For the effective use of land plots and an increase in the level of production while saving the environment, it is necessary to implement the principles of the development and implementation of adaptive farming systems.
Key words: land, agriculture, geoculture, rural population, farming.