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Studies of alpha-protein in human cell cultures.

alpha-Protein growth fraction (AGF) eliminates the 60- to 90-day adaptive phase required to establish actively growing cultures of HeLa (Gey), human heart (Girardi), KB (Eagle) and other established cell lines in serum-free chemically defined medium A3. AGF is effective at less than 0.4 microgram per ml. By using the procedures described in the text, it is possible to culture HeLa cells in very simple media such as Eagle's basal medium. The properties of AGF are such that it may be adsorbed on glass or plastic flasks. Glass flasks treated with AGF retain full activity after washing with acetone, and treatment with ethyl ether and chemically defined medium. Adsorbed AGF is destroyed by trypsin. AGF can detoxify protamines, polylysines or histones. It will reverse the aggregation response induced by adding complexes composed of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and basic proteins. The results support the contention that highly adsorptive AGF functions at the cell surface and is capable of modifying the response of the cell to its environment.