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Causal and Semantic Relatedness in Discourse Understanding and Representation

Processing time and memory for sentences were examined as a function of the degree of semantic and causal relatedness between sentences in short narratives. In Experiments 1-2B, semantic and causal relatedness between sentence pairs was independently manipulated. Causal relatedness was assessed through pretesting and semantic relatedness was assessed with Latent Semantic Analysis. Causal relatedness influenced processing time and memory. Semantic relatedness influenced memory, and influenced processing time when causality was not manipulated within an experiment and the situation described by the sentence pairs was somewhat difficult to construct. Experiment 3 utilized naturalistic texts. Semantic and causal relatedness between sentences influenced online judgments of fit and free recall. Results are discussed in terms of bottom-up and top-down theories of text processing.