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ADMM approach to asynchronous distributed frequency-based load control

In this paper, we consider a distributed load control problem for achieving supply-demand balance and frequency regulation in a power system. While most of the distributed load control schemes require the loads to exchange information through two-way communications, recent results have shown that it is possible to achieve fully distributed control by frequency-based imbalance estimation. However, the existing methods need the load disutility functions or the sum of them to be strongly convex. For a wider range of applications, we propose a new load control algorithm based on the proximal Jacobian alternating direction method of multipliers (PJ-ADMM). The proposed algorithm works for arbitrary convex disutility functions. Moreover, we extend the PJ-ADMM based load control algorithm to an asynchronous setup. Asynchronous updates can spare the loads from strict synchronization and are particularly useful when the number of loads is large. Simulation results are presented to show that the proposed algorithms regulate the frequency to the nominal value well, in both synchronous and asynchronous scenarios and with and without imbalance estimation errors.