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High-tech imaging: impact on clinical medicine.

INTRODUCTION Since the pioneering discovery of X-rays by Roentgen more than a century ago, radiology has grown into a major clinical discipline. Perhaps no other specialty of modern medicine has been so profoundly affected by the technological developments of the last two decades. There has been a change from 'diagnosis by inference' using standard X-rays, to direct visualizaton using ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This change has led to early diagnosis and staging of disease.' Radiology has literally and metaphorically emerged from the basement of hospitals to a centre stage location,' and presently touches the lives of everyone receiving medical care. Since the enormous diversity and scope of imaging will not allow a discussion of all the areas where imaging has made an impact, we will highlight the important entities from a long and ever-increasing list, and will confine our discussion to diagnostic radiology alone. Looking back at the past reveals that in the rapidly progressing field of radiology, what seems impossible today becomes a reality tomorrow. Gazing at the crystal ball of radiology is a visionary task, but the possibilities ofthe future can be mentioned.