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Treatment of pharmaceutical effluent by electrocoagulation coupled to nanofiltration

Abstract Electrocoagulation (EC) is an efficient technique for the treatment of various industrial effluents. EC using aluminum electrodes was applied to a pharmaceutical effluent which contained Metoclopramide hydrochloride. The influence of the electrolysis parameters was investigated with the decrease of the chemical oxygen demand (COD). EC was found to be effective for the COD decrease. The main mechanisms of COD removal by EC seemed to be the coagulation and the adsorption. The best COD removal efficiency in EC was recorded for the synthetical solutions 9.5 g L−1, 15 g L−1 and the sample of pharmaceutical waste diluted to 4/5 at 95, 96 and 70%, respectively. Experiments were carried out by coupling EC with nanofiltration (NF) processes. Organic compound retention was obtained for two synthetic solutions (% COD from 60.5 to 85.0%) and effluent solution (from 76.0 to 78.0%). The minimal energy consumed during the electrolysis of the solutions (9.5, 15 g L−1 and pharmaceutical waste) was 0.074 kWh/m3 fo...