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Incidence and associated factors of deep vein thrombosis in Thai surgical ICU patients without chemoprophylaxis: one year study.

BACKGROUND
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a major problem in the intensive care unit (ICU) patients, especially in Western countries. However; because the incidence of DVT in Asia ICU is lower, chemoprophylaxis (i.e., anticoagulant) is not routinely utilized. The aim of the present study was to identify the incidence and associated factors of DVT in Thai surgical ICU (SICU) patients without chemoprophylaxis.


MATERIAL AND METHOD
SICU patients admitted between June 2011 and July 2012 were screenedfor lower extremity DVT using doppler ultrasonography. Stepwise logistic regression was performed to identify associated factors for the development of DVT.


RESULTS
Three hundred andfive patients were included in the study, 174 were male (57%) and 131 were female (43%), with ages ranged from 15 to 99 years (mean 62.8 years). Eleven patients had DVT identified (DVT rate 3.6%), two of these had symptomatic pulmonary embolisms. The associated factors for the development of D VT were prior history of venous thromboembolism (p < 0.001, OR 34.3, 95% CI 14.6-80.5), orthopedics group (p < 0.001, OR 27.2, 95% CI 5.2-142.1), and female (p = 0.034, OR 14.3, 95% CI 1.7-102.5).


CONCLUSION
The incidence of D VT in Thai SICU patients was 3.6%. Further study is required to identify method and effectiveness of DVT prophylaxis in Asian ICU patients.