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Identification of α-Gal and non-Gal Epitopes in Pig Corneal Endothelial Cells and Keratocytes by Using Mass Spectrometry

Purpose: To investigate the expression of α-Gal or unidentified non-Gal antigens in pig corneal endothelial cells and keratocytes, we performed the qualitative and quantitative analysis by using mass spectrometry. Methods: The N-glycans from common adult pig corneal endothelial cells and keratocytes cultured in vitro were directly analyzed by using mass spectrometric approaches. In addition, immunochemical staining was added to confirm the non-Gal antigen expression in pig corneal cells. Results: Totally, 34 of the sialylated N-glycans from pig corneal endothelial cells and 27 from pig keratocytes were identified and observed to contain nonhuman sialic acid, NeuGc as well as NeuAc. In addition, we were able to detect 25 of α-galactosylated N-glycan structures (22.2% of total) from the pig corneal endothelial cells and 18 of that (17.5% of total) from the pig keratocytes by using mass spectrometric approaches. On immunofluorescent staining, the expression of sialylated glycans was also observed. Conclusions: As well as α-Gal epitopes, several promising non-Gal antigens were widely expressed on both pig corneal endothelial cells and keratocytes. The detailed structural information of the α-Gal and non-Gal epitopes would be a tremendous value to develop a new strategy for the successful corneal xenotransplantation in future.