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IoT-Based Smart Transformer Monitoring System with Raspberry Pi

Transformers are used in the electrical distribution and transmission industries to reduce the voltage at the primary level. This allows customers to use a lower voltage. In the electrical industry, distribution transformers are more expensive, and as such, this paper describes a system that monitors the various characteristics of distribution transformers. A central unit, RTU, and remote terminal unit (RTU) are two units of equipment that are quite distinct. This work describes an embedded system for monitoring and recording critical distribution transformer's operation characteristics such as load current, voltage imbalance, transformer oil level rise or fall, and temperature level. A standalone single-chip microprocessor and sensor packages are integrated into the proposed monitoring system. It is situated near the distribution transformer and records the above-mentioned parameters. The parameter values obtained are processed and saved in the system memory. This method will assist utilities in making the best use of transformers and detecting problems before they become disastrous. The above values are updated on the web page so that they can be monitored from any place. An alternate distribution transformer is used as an additional power source when the present distribution transformer fails. This system also sends a warning message to the person in charge when an abnormality occurs in the transformer. The switching process is controlled by using Internet of Things (IoT) technology. This system helps to increase the health of the transformer.