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Decomposition of Hydroxyapatite in Hydroxyapatite/Zirconia Composites for Dental Applications

Hydroxyapatite (HA) has been widely used as a biomaterial because HA has excellent biocompatibility, but the mechanical properties of HA are not sufficiently strong for dental applications. To enhance these mechanical properties, zirconia (ZrO2) has been introduced as a second phase material. However, doping of ZrO2 favors HA decomposition at low temperatures. In this paper, the effect of adding ZrO2 on HA decomposition is discussed. Experimental results in previous studies are compared with theoretical results of chemical equations. The ideal percentage of doped ZrO2 should be <10 wt.% to prevent HA decomposition unless a special sintering method is applied.