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Turning Points in Religious Studies . Edited by Ursula King. Edinburgh, T. & T. Clark, 1990. Pp. x + 330. £19.95.

Christ in which Christians participate. Hooker's analysis in all these chapters penetrates to the heart of Paul's soteriology and Christology. She argues that Paul understands the Christ-event much as it was summed up later by Irenaeus: Christ became what we are, in order that in him we might become what he is. Thus the emphasis in Paul's theology of the cross lies on Christ as representative (rather than as substitute) and the 'interchange' effected is a mutual sharing of fate in which Christ's death enables us not to escape death and suffering, but precisely to participate in his and thus to share in the glory of his resurrection. There are many other gems in this book which I can do no more than mention: her bold challenge to scholarly assumptions about 'the Colossian heresy' is included here, as is also her much-quoted analysis of 1 Corinthians 11:10. Here also is her significant response to E. P. Sanders' Paul and Palestinian Judaism, in which she questions whether the antithesis he creates between Paul's participatorytheology and Jewish covenantal-nomism is a fair or helpful contrast. Indeed, throughout these essays is a welcome emphasis on the thoroughly Jewish framework of Paul's thought and several essays touch on the theme of Paul's use of Scripture, including her brilliant lecture on 2 Corinthians 3. In the course of these essays she tackles some of the most difficult passages in the Pauline corpus; ever honest in her perplexity and direct in her questions, she never abandons her fundamental respect for the aposde. In fact, in her ruthless criticism of unsupported speculation, in her unpretentious tone, in her finelychiselled and economical prose, and in the soundness and balance of all her judgments, Hooker provides an awesome model of British New Testament scholarship at its best.