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Effects of Functional Disability, Personal Assistance, and Built Environment Features on the Relocation of Older Persons

Abstract Functional ability is an important criterion to predict the capability of older persons to maintain their independent living. This study focused on the effects of built environment features and personal assistance to ameliorate functional disability and reduce the likelihood of relocation. Using longitudinal data from the Asset and Health Dynamics among the Oldest Old survey, relocation behaviors were analyzed for 6,225 respondents aged 70 and older. Findings indicated that disability in basic activities of daily living or in lower body activities among older persons increased the likelihood of their entrance into an institutional setting. However, they were less likely to enter an institution when their homes were equipped with built environment features such as ramps, railings, or grab-bars. Personal assistance did not significantly reduce the likelihood of a residential move or institutionalization for those with a disability in basic activities of daily living.