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Imaging Features Following Lumpectomy and Irradiation for Treatment of Breast Cancer

The mainstay of treatment for breast-conserving therapy involves some form of radiation therapy either with whole-breast irradiation or accelerated partial-breast irradiation. One such form of accelerated partial-breast irradiation is MammoSite brachytherapy. The post-surgical and post-irradiated breast can have a variable imaging appearance. There is a described range of tumor recurrence within the treated breast from 1% to 2% per year.1 Reportedly, 90% of cancer recurrences develop at or near the lumpectomy site.2 Close evaluation of the post-treated breast with imaging is important. Understanding the appearance of post-lumpectomy scars after irradiation therapy can assist in distinguishing post-treatment changes from tumor recurrence. This differentiation is an important issue because biopsy of a patient having undergone breast-conserving therapy potentially can disrupt the appearance of a healed pleasant result and also create additional emotional strain on the patient.