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Exergy-based water quality model: An update of chemical exergy values of nitrogen and phosphorus

Abstract This paper focuses on the physical essence of water’s quality and, based on exergy theory, makes an update of the chemical exergy values of N and P by modifying the traditional thermodynamic model, and the characterisation factors of water quality are calculated. The exergy values of N and P can be recalculated as 156·15 and 1045·73 kJ mol−1, respectively, much larger than traditional results; also, the exergy values of phosphoric acid radical and nitric acid radical become positive. The results are suitable for use in life cycle assessment or other water-related research.