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An investigation of the membrane topology of the ionotropic glutamate receptor subunit GluR1 in a cell-free system.

We have utilized cell-free translation in rabbit-reticulocyte lysate supplemented with canine pancreatic microsomal membranes to study the processing and membrane topology of the rat ionotropic glutamate receptor subunit GluR1. In vitro-synthesized RNA encoding GluR1 was translated to yield a primary translation product with an apparent molecular mass of 99 kDa. In the presence of microsomal membranes this protein was processed to give a band of 107 kDa. Treatment with peptide-N-glycosidase F showed that this increase in molecular mass was due to N-linked glycosylation. Incubation of the processed receptor with proteinase K revealed the presence of a 68 kDa protease-resistant band which decreased to 56 kDa following deglycosylation. A deletion mutant (GluR1M1) lacking the predicted transmembrane domains was fully translocated across the microsomal membrane and protected from the action of the protease. The mutant and wild-type receptor could be immunoprecipitated by anti-peptide antibodies directed against the C-terminus. Following translocation of the wild-type and mutant receptor across the microsomal membrane and treatment with proteinase K the antibody binding to GluR1 was abolished, but was retained for GluR1M1. These data allow identification of the orientation of the N- and C-termini of GluR1 within the microsome; results which are consistent with an extracellular N-terminal and intracellular C-terminal localization following incorporation into the plasma membrane.