{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.01881188118811881, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0009900990099009901, 'mean_word_length': 5.39873417721519, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
New approach to computing mean velocity and discharge

ABSTRACT Estimation of discharge hydrograph may be needed at river gauging stations where discharge is computed by converting water stage using a stage-discharge relation (a rating curve) or multiplying mean velocity by ﬂow cross-sectional area. The mean velocity is computed by converting the measured maximum velocity to mean velocity using a conversion factor. Estimating the velocity conversion factor at stations where measured discharge data are insufficient remains a challenge. This study develops a novel method for determining the conversion factor by combining the entropy velocity profile, a data-driven technique, and a one-dimensional (1-D) flood routing model, and thus develops a method to determine discharge at the weak gauging sites. The method was used with two different assumptions: constant velocity factor and velocity factor depending on the aspect ratio. Results showed that this method optimally estimated the conversion factor.