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Joint Channel and Power Allocation Based on Stackelberg for D2D Communications in Cellular Networks

Cellular networks can benefit from device-to-device (D2D) communications, but resource sharing between cellular users (CUs) and D2D users incurs complicated interference. To maximize the system throughput while suppressing the interference to cellular links, we design a joint channel and power allocation algorithm based on Stackelberg game. The algorithm allocates the channel to D2D pairs on basis of the potential data rate gain of the virtual reuse relationship. The power control problem is transformed into a Stackelberg game with one-leader and multi-followers, in which interlayer and intralayer interference price are introduced to decouple the QoS condition in the optimization problem. The optimal solution of the game is obtained by the Backward Induction method in which gradient descent and Armijo Rule are adopted to update the Lagrange multiplier. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm performs well in convergence and system throughput.