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A self-expanding endoluminal graft for treatment of aneurysms: results through the development phase.

BACKGROUND
The results of two and a half years' experience of endoluminal treatment of aneurysmal disease (from March 1993 to December 1995) are reported.


METHODS
The endoluminal grafts were individually made at Royal Perth Hospital. They are based on Dacron-covered stainless steel self-expanding 'Z' stents with Gianturco barbed stents (Cook Pty, Australia) for proximal anchorage for grafts within the aorta.


RESULTS
Fourteen straight tube grafts (nine for aortic aneurysm, four for iliac aneurysm and one for subclavian aneurysm) and 24 bifurcate grafts were deployed; all were in patients considered high-risk for conventional repair. Seventy-two per cent of the straight tube grafts successfully excluded the aneurysm. The bifurcate grafts, in use since July 1994, successfully excluded the aneurysm in 88%. There were two delayed deaths from rupture after the grafts failed to exclude the aneurysms; two patients required conversion to open repair and survived; three patients have persistent endoleaks; and three of the bifurcate grafts subsequently occluded a graft limb but did not require further intervention. Ninety per cent of these complications occurred in the first half of the series (prior to January 1995).


CONCLUSIONS
A learning and development curve was clearly apparent. The results thereafter compare favourably to those for open repair in similar high-risk groups, suggesting that these techniques hold promise for all patients with aneurysms.