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Neuropsychiatry and the neurosciences

The present review summarizes some of the latest developments in psychiatric neuroscience, focusing on electroencephalographic and magnetoencephalographic studies on P50 suppression, mismatch negativity and various aspects of γ-band activity. Whereas P50 suppression and mismatch negativity are believed to reflect gating of sensory information and early attention processes, γ-band activity is associated with a wide scope of cognitive functions, ranging from stimulus processing to consciousness. Both the influence of neuroleptic medication in schizophrenia patients and the effects of pharmacological interventions in healthy individuals are addressed, with an emphasis on the function of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. Although the established paradigms of P50 suppression and mismatch negativity have yielded new insights into some of the possible pathogenetic mechanisms that underlie schizophrenic illness, such an impact has yet to be shown for investigations of γ-band activity.