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Recent progress on metal–organic frameworks and their derived materials for electrocatalytic water splitting

Water splitting is a great technology for alternative and sustainable energy storage and conversion without pollution. In recent years, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown the most promise as multifunctional materials, due to their tunable pore channels, high specific surface areas, easy alteration of compositions, variety of morphological structures, and capability as precursors. Based on those merits, numerous MOFs and their derived materials have been exploited for water splitting. Herein, we have gleaned relative references in recent years on MOF-based materials for high electrocatalytic activity in water splitting. We have applied their strategies of design and synthesis, along with the challenges and perspectives on modulating the components of the catalytic active sites and their microenvironment to enhance their water splitting performance in this review article.