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Identification of an enhancer sequence in 5′‐flanking region of 1A exon of mouse liver/bone/kidney‐type alkaline phosphatase gene

The 5′‐flanking region of the 1A exon of the mouse liver/bone/kidney‐type alkaline phosphatase (L/B/K (ALP) gene was analyzed for the promoter activity. Luciferase assays revealed that a segment containing a 9 bp inverted repeat (nt‐1212 to ‐1179, designated as IRS for inverted repeat segment) had an enhancer activity. Though an E‐box at nt ‐234 did not have a prominent promoter activity, the effect of IRS required its presence. Both transcriptional activity and IRS binding to the nuclear proteins were similarly observed even in cells that did not express ALP. Bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) induced the ALP expression in pluripotent C3H10T1/2 cells, but it did not increase the transcriptional activity of the promoter region. Though they do not determine cell specific or BMP‐2 inducible ALP expression, IRS and the E‐box at position ‐241 seem to be important for the basic transcriptional activity of ALP gene.