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Kashmir and the Problem of Terrorism: the Response of the Indian State

On the 16 June, 2009, in Yekaterinburg, Dr. Manmohan Singh, the suave and gentle prime minister of India engaged in an uncharacteristic outburst before the Pakistani president Asif Ali Zardari, in full view of the waiting media, so that it reached a much larger audience, particularly in India and Pakistan and thundered that his mandate was to tell him that Pakistani territory should not be used for terrorist activities against India. If this was the tone of the Indian prime minister, a firmer and clearer affirmation could be found in the statement made by the foreign secretary Shiv Sankar Menon that what had halted the bilateral dialogue was terrorism emanating from Pakistan against India. Singh's comment to Zardari and the statement from the Indian foreign secretary made it clear that the issue of terrorism has assumed primacy in the relationship between India -and Pakistan, especially after the event of Mumbai attack on 26/11. It signifies a major shift as for Pakistan not terrorism but the issue of Kashmir was the key factor in Indo-Pak relations. For the international community and major world powers the issue of terrorism is more important than the bilateral dispute over Kashmir which is also evident from the fact that during her recent visit to Pakistan the US secretary of state Hillary Clinton refused to accept the primacy of the Kashmir and emphasized on the issue of terrorism. She also combated Pakistani attempt to relate the issue of terrorism with the problem of Kashmir, Although, Hillary Clinton's stand only reflected the current policy position of the US administration regarding the *War against Terrorism', it also marks the success of India's relentless diplomatic efforts to bring to the fore the issue of terrorism over and above the problem of Kashmir. But we should not forget that since 1947 Kashmir is an unresolved issue between India and Pakistan; even terrorism in India first developed in Kashmir as part of the internal dissent of Kashmiri people against the Indian state. Whatever the current relevance of the "War against Terrorism' the dispute over Kashmir calls for a satisfactory resolution to bring normalcy in the bilateral relations between India and Pakistan.