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Quasi-equilibrium sintering of particle clusters containing Bernal holes

Abstract The transformation of spherical particle assemblies into dense materials by sintering is an idealized micromechanical model for studying the densification. The equilibrium configurations of particle clusters containing canonical Bernal holes, which are typical structural units in random packing of spheres, were calculated by using the Surface Evolver program. The quasi-equilibrium sintering of particle clusters, in which pores shrink keeping their equilibrium shapes, were analyzed as a response to the sintering stress and the macroscopic viscosity. Both sintering stress and macroscopic viscosity were determined as a function of the pore volume, the dihedral angle, and the pore coordination number. The densification curves in sintering simulation agreed with the predicted shrinkage rate.