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HLA – B association in psoriasis

Background : Psoriasis is a common skin disorder with prevalence varying from 0% to 11.8% in different population. HLA association with psoriasis is well established with very little information about Indian Population. Aim: To determine the HLA-B pattern and its association in psoriasis patients. Materials and Methods : Fifty cases and 50 controls were enrolled in the study. HLA-B typing was done by PCR-SSP method and the results was analyzed and interpreted. Results: The alleles that were found in higher frequency in the cases than in the controls were – HLA-B*35 (34%), HLA-B*15 (26%), HLA-B*40 (26%) and HLA-B*18 (14%). Conclusion : HLA-B*18 and HLA-B*40 show a strong association with psoriasis.


Introduction
Psoriasis is a common skin disorder with prevalence varying from 0% to 11.8% in different population [1]. Psoriasis is derived from the Greek word 'PSORA' meaning scale. The disease psoriasis was first described by Robert William in the early 19 th Century [2]. Psoriasis is an immune mediated skin disorder with the characteristic features of T cell mediated hyper proliferation of the keratinocytes [3]. Genetic factors particularly the HLA plays an important role in the etiology of Psoriasis. Psoriasis has been reported to be significantly associated with HLA -A*01, HLA -A*02, HLA -B*13, HLA -B*17, HLA -B*39, HLA -B*57. This relationship however tends to vary between patients of different racial and ethnic backgrounds. Studies showing HLA association with psoriasis from the Indian population are very little [4,5]. This study was undertaken to determine and evaluate the HLA -B association with psoriasis. Manuscript

Aim
To determine the HLA -B pattern and its association in Psoriasis patients.

Methods
This study was conducted in the Department of Transfusion Medicine, and in the Department of Human genetics at a tertiary care University Hospital. The study period was from April 2014 -March 2016. Fifty psoriasis patients attending the Dermatology OPD at our hospital and 50 healthy controls (voluntary blood donors) from the Department of Transfusion Medicine were taken up for the study. This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee and the blood samples were drawn after obtaining informed consent. HLA -B typing was performed in 50 cases and 50 controls by PCR -SSP method using BAG health care GmbH kits. HLA -B results were determined and statistical analysis was used to determine the relative risks( RR), P value, Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the HLA-B alleles.

International Journal of Medical Research and Review
Available online at: www.ijmrr.in 832 | P a g e
Significant findings of the study.

Discussion
The In my study HLA-B*17 was not found and HLA-B*35 was found in 17 cases and in 14 controls (odds ratio 1.32 and relative risk of 1.14). A study from the Brazilian population showed HLA-B*13, HLA-B*57 and HLA-B*39 in higher frequencies in the cases when compared with the controls [13]. The study concluded HLA-B*13 p value of <0.05 had increased susceptibility to Psoriasis.
A study from the Oman population showed HLA-B*52 to be associated with plaque psoriasis [14]. In my study HLA-B*52 was not found among the cases and HLA-B*52 was found only in 1 healthy control. HLA association tends to differ between patients of various national and ethnic backgrounds.

Conclusion
This study ascertains that certain HLA B alleles have a stronger association with psoriasis and differs between ethnic populations. HLA-B*18 and HLA-B*40 shows a strong association with psoriasis in this study.