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Fundamental Design for a Beacon Device Based Unconscious Participatory Sensing System

This paper proposes a beacon device based unconscious participatory sensing system consisting of beacon devices, smartphone devices, and management servers. Beacon devices installed at measurement locations find a neighbor smartphone device to request to relay measurement information to a management server or to request measurement with builtin sensors. The proposed processes can be carried out without participators’ interaction behavior. Hence, the proposed system just requires participators to install the special smartphone application, and participators can easily join a sensing network and can work for participatory sensing unconsciously. We employ the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), which is a short-range wireless communication standard, to realize communication between the beacon device and the smartphone application. Additionally, we achieve low power operations of the smartphone application by employing iBeacon, which is a shortrange recognition mechanism for BLE. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to propose the unconscious participatory sensing system with smartphone devices and BLE based beacon devices. From the experimental implementation with a Raspberry Pi and an Android OS 4.4 based smartphone, we have confirmed that the proposed signaling works well with the consumer devices.