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Effects of two drying methods on the stability and antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds in mulberry fruits

Mulberry is a health-promoting fruit with abundant phenolic compounds. The effects of vacuum drying (VD) and vacuum freeze-drying (VFD) on oxidation resistance and polyphenols, including extractable and non-extractable phenols, were compared in the present work. The total polyphenols and antioxidant capacity of mulberry fruits treated with VFD were higher than those treated with VD. Thirteen phenolic compounds in fresh and dried mulberry fruits were identified and quantified by UPLC-QqQ/MS. The content of extractable phenol was significantly higher than that of non-extractable phenol. In addition, correlation analysis showed that flavonoids cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and phloretin were closely related to the total polyphenols and antioxidant activity. These results provide the basis for further development of dried mulberry products containing high content of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity.