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Delivering community mental health services to a county jail population: a research note.

In its final Report to the President. the President's Commission on Mental Health noted that" a high percentage of jail and prison inmates are mentally disabled. To make it possible for prisoners to receive the mental health services they need, or to continue in therapy initiated before incarceration, statutory changes should be made so that access to appropriate mental health services exists ... " (1978, p. 45). Recent research would seem to support the Commission's finding on the prevalence of psychological disorder among offender populations. In a large psychiatric epidemiological survey of jail inmates and wards in juvenile institutions in five California counties, Bolton (1976) reported that 6.7% of the adults and 2.9% of the juveniles were found to be psychotic, 9.3% of the adults and 20.6% of the juveniles to have a nonpsychotic mental disorder (see also Guze, 1976). Bolton (1976, p. 8) noted that jail inmates with mental disorders" are often less able to cope with the rigors of incarceration and more vulnerable to psychic damage, unintended by the courts." As well, this population "can be 'infectious,' creating additional problems for healthy prisoners." (See also Monahan, 1976.) This study reports the experience of one county mental health department in delivering services to a high-risk jail population. Data on 632 individual adult inmates referred to the Courts and Corrections unit of the San Mateo County (California) Mental Health Services for the two year period ending March 31, 1978 are analyzed. Our purposes in doing so are ( 1) to provide baseline information on the social and psychological characteristics of inmates referred to a jail-based mental health team; (2) to provide complimentary information on the nature of mental health services deemed appropriate for this population, and (3) to explore the effects of two demographic variables, sex and race, upon the nature of the psychiatric problems presented and services offered in a jail setting. The Courts and Corrections Unit The Courts and Corrections Unit (McDonough & Anderson, 1969, McDonough & Monahan, 1975) was founded in 1961 to provide mental health services to the criminal justice system in San Mateo County,