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Space-time structure of changes in atmospheric angular momentum

The variations in total relative angular momentum of the atmosphere are examined for annual and shorter time scales. Use of a 5 year data set consisting of zonally-averaged values from the NMC twice daily analysis allows the construction of 2-dimensional (latitude-height) descriptions of the phenomena. Spatially coherent patterns have been identified associated with annual, semi-annual, and 40-50 day periods. An empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis provides a good spatial description of structures with primarily annual and semi-annual variations. These structures are very similar to those described by Newell et al. (1974) based on a Fourier decomposition of the zonal wind field. To describe the 4050 day variations, an amplitude-phase extension of the EOF technique was used. This 'oscillation' consists of a tropical component which is similar to the motions described by Madden and Julian (1971, 1972), and a coherently connected northern hemisphere mid-latitude component which is believed to be previously unreported. The tropical component shows well-defined phase propagation downward and poleward, while the northern hemisphere 'teleconnection' has phase essentially independent of height. Thesis Supervisor: Dr. Reginald E. Newell Title: Professor of Meteorology