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Crowding Out Effects of Refinancing on New Purchase Mortgages

We present evidence that binding mortgage processing capacity constraints reduce mortgage originations to borrowers with low-to-modest credit scores. Mortgage processing capacity constraints typically bind when the demand for mortgage refinancing rises far above average levels, such as when mortgage interest rates drop to record low levels. As a result, high capacity utilization leads mortgage lenders to ration mortgage credit by focusing on mortgage applications that require less underwriting resources. This is hypothesized to have a particularly adverse impact on relatively higher credit-risk borrowers’ ability to obtain mortgages, particularly for purchasing borrowers with low-to-modest credit scores.