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Knee Melorheostosis Treated by Drilling Fenestration: A Case Report

Introduction Melorheostosis, a rare sclerosing bone dysplasia, was first described by Leri and Joanny. The name which is derived from the Greek words melos (limb) and rheos (flow), refers to the characteristic radiographic appearance of the sclerosing bone changes, which resemble candle wax dripping down the bone. This condition may be present at birth but more commonly develops in late childhood. It is typically characterized by abnormalities of the skeleton and adjacent soft tissues and affects mainly the diaphyses of long bones, the bones of the hands and feet, the pelvis and, rarely, the vertebrae and ribs. It usually affects one side of body or is limited to a single limb in which several bones may be affected. The diagnosis is made by conventional radiography and bone scintigraphy. Advanced imaging techniques such as MRI are rarely necessary for evaluation of this disease, mostly being performed to evaluate concomitant soft-tissue masses.