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Ergonomics in laparoscopic surgery.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Laparoscopic surgery is a widely used surgical technique, whose benefits either for patients or for surgeons are well-recognized. Despite the rise in the use of this technique, the ergonomics of the operating room is still very low. The consequence is that injuries and illness related to laparoscopic surgery are present. The aims of this study are to investigate how an increase in the surgeon' perception of the fatigue during the execution of the intervention influences the surgeon' health, and to evaluate if there is a correlation between the increase in fatigue and the operating field dimension.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
The observation was conducted on a single laparoscopist working at our Institution and the Borg CR 0-10 scale was used to perform this study. Two groups of 20 surgical procedures each were analysed. Group A included laparoscopic procedures whose operating field comprehended only one abdominal quadrant. Group B included laparoscopic procedures where at least two abdominal quadrants were involved in the operative field.


RESULTS
The results from both groups were statistically compared. There was a significant correlation between the increase in perception of the exertion and duration of the intervention in both groups and a significant difference in term of Borg scale value, which was higher in group B where the laparoscopic surgery was performed on more than one quadrant of the abdomen.


CONCLUSION
We suggest an important improvement in the ergonomic aspects, especially in more complex laparoscopic procedures that require longer operating time and include more than one abdominal quadrant.


KEY WORDS
Ergonomics, Laparoscopic surgery, Operating theatre.