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Immunosuppressive Effect of Restraint Stress on the Initiation of Allergic Rhinitis in Mice

Background: Exposure to acute stressors modulates both innate and acquired immune function. However, little is known about whether stress has the potential to modulate the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis. Objectives: To determine the effects of acute restraint stress on the initiation of allergic rhinitis in a murine model. Methods: CBA/J mice were repeatedly intranasally sensitized with phospholipase A2 (PLA2) from honeybee venom without adjuvant. Restraint stress was applied using uniform cylinders once a week for a continuous 8-hour period, on five occasions in total. Production of PLA2-specific antibodies and degree of nasal and blood eosinophilia were compared between stressed and control mice. Results: Repeated intranasal sensitization with PLA2 induced PLA2-specific IgE and marked eosinophilia in both the nose and blood in CBA/J mice. Exposure to restraint stress significantly inhibited production of PLA2-specific IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a. Conversely, the stress exerted no significant effect on eosinophilia. Conclusions: Exposure to acute restraint stress inhibits antigen-specific antibody production, but not local or systemic eosinophilia. The results of this study suggest that acute stress has the potential to modulate the initiation of allergic rhinitis.