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Development of KORSAK 8x8 small-size all-terrain vehicle design project

The paper presents KORSAK 8x8 Small-Size All-Terrain Vehicle Design Project developed in Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev. Performance specifications of the vehicle non-inferior to those of the existing similar vehicles. This all-terrain vehicle has better ergonomics and visibility from the driver seat. The cabin design of the vehicle complies with the requirements of the applicable Codes and can be certified for use in the Russian Federation. For inspection of the aesthetic properties of this all-terrain vehicle, a 1:5-scale dummy was made.


Introduction
For the time being, there is a considerable interest, in terms of scientific research and practical use, in manufacturing of highly-efficient small-size light land-based vehicles. The use of light all-terrain vehicles allows for lower operation costs and a possibility of easy driving over heavy-going terrain impassable for heavy all-terrain vehicles. Korsak 8x8 snow and swamp-going vehicle currently under design in Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev (NNSTU) has a high level of all-terrain capacity and environmental friendliness of the propulsion unit due to low ground pressure, being intended for carriage of passengers and cargo in absence of roads, including on virgin snow, swamped terrain, open water basins and quick sand. Previously, the authors hereof have developed Korsak 6x6 All-Terrain Vehicle [1,2]. Tests were made for flotation and drive path profile capacity, as well as for swimming [3][4][5][6]. Under recognition of the available backlog, the all-terrain vehicle presented in the paper has better mobility performance.

Project description
Conducted polling and its subsequent analysis have shown that would-be buyers of all-terrain vehicles of this class want to possess a vehicle complying with the following requirements: an engine above 25 kW; ride comfort; availability of useful cargo space; availability of a safety framework; availability of side rear-view mirrors; the vehicle shall feature individually-shaped body; a multimedia system shall be installed in the basic configuration. Figure 1 shows the exterior appearance of Korsak 8x8 All-Terrain Vehicle meeting the declared requirements. For concise technical specifications of KORSAK 8x8 All-Terrain Vehicle see Table 1. 8х8 wheel formula, low-pressure tires, tire dimensions 25"-12,5"-10" Body Carrier frame -self-carrying, steel, water-tight. Body -glass-fiber reinforced plastic. Safety framework.
The vehicle configuration can be different and depends on the required number of passengers and cargo quantity. Figure 2 shows different arrangement layouts of the passenger seats. This all-terrain vehicle has better ergonomics and visibility from the driver seat than the existing similar vehicles. Fig. 3 shows the visibility from the driver and the passenger seats during boarding, as shown in Figure 2 с. The boarding of the driver and the body frame of the all-terrain vehicle is designed in a manner to meet the requirements of the visibility in accordance with the applicable codes. Also, safety framework calculations were made for compliance with GOST R 50943-2011. The structure shall withstand the design impacts imitating the capsizing of the snow and swamp-going vehicle. It is exactly the loading of the front and side edge of the cabin roof with a test loading device at displacements of 5° in longitudinal, and 25° in transversal directions. The load produced by the loading device makes 1.5 of the vehicle weight. Fig. 4 shows the framework of the vehicle in the deformed state.

Result and discussion
The paper presents a description of a design project developed in Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.Ye. Alekseyev of KORSAK 8x8 Small-Size All-Terrain Vehicle being a descendant of previously designed 6х6 chassis. It is demonstrated that the new vehicle has better specifications than existing similar vehicles and complies with the anticipations of would-be buyers of all-terrain vehicles of such class. Different configuration variants are presented dependent on the arrangement and the number of the passenger seats. The visibility from the driver and the passenger seats is shown. Calculations demonstrate that the developed safety frame complies with GOST R 50943-2011, and the all-terrain vehicle may be certified in Russia.
The following design stage will be creation of mathematical models for 8x8 vehicles with lowpressure tires [5][6][7][8], calculation of mobility parameters over virgin snow [7][8][9][10][11], and the assessment of the efficiency of their use for carriage of goods and passengers in the given conditions.