{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.018581081081081082, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 5.170138888888889, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Multiple chaotic central pattern generators for locomotion generation and leg damage compensation in a hexapod robot

In chaos control, an originally chaotic system is modified so that periodic dynamics arise. One application of this is to use the periodic dynamics of a single chaotic system as walking patterns in legged robots. In our previous work we applied such a controlled chaotic system as a central pattern generator (CPG) to generate different gait patterns of our hexapod robot AMOSII. However, if one or more legs break, its control fails. Specifically, in the scenario presented here, its movement permanently deviates from a desired trajectory. This is in contrast to the movement of real insects as they can compensate for body damages, for instance, by adjusting the remaining legs' frequency. To achieve this for our hexapod robot, we extend the system from one chaotic system serving as a single CPG to multiple chaotic systems, performing as multiple CPGs. Without damage, the chaotic systems synchronize and their dynamics is identical (similar to a single CPG). With damage, they can lose synchronization leading to independent dynamics. In both simulations and real experiments, we can tune the oscillation frequency of every CPG manually so that the controller can indeed compensate for leg damage. In comparison to the trajectory of the robot controlled by only a single CPG, the trajectory produced by multiple chaotic CPG controllers resembles the original trajectory by far better. Thus, multiple chaotic systems that synchronize for normal behavior but can stay desynchronized in other circumstances are an effective way to control complex behaviors where, for instance, different body parts have to do independent movements like after leg damage.