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THE GENETICS OF POLYMORPHISM IN THE ROSS' GOOSE (ANSER ROSSII)

The purpose of this paper is to explore the genetic basis of the polymorphism in the Ross' Goose (A nser rossii). A. rossii, North America's smallest Arctic nesting goose, resembles the white phase of the Lesser Snow Goose (Anser caerulescens caerulescens) but is smaller, has a beak of different shape and color and differs in vocalizations. The two species occur sympatrically in parts of their range. Polymorphism has been recorded in the gosling of A. rossii. Goslings have been classified into two down color phases, gray and yellow (Ryder, 1967). These morphs appear to be quite distinct from one another and are recognizable even at a considerable distance. Within the gray phase, goslings with white, pearly-gray and dark gray appearance were found. Similarly there was considerable variation within the yellow phase. Although no obvious color difference exists in the adult plumage, variations in the amount of dark feathering in the alulae, and in the extent of the warty protuberances which occur at the base of the bill have been recorded. Both adults and goslings of the closely related A. caerulescens caerulescens exist in two color phases and Cooke and Cooch (1968) postulated that a single pair of alleles is responsible for the polymorphism. This simple interpretation, however, is complicated by incomplete dominance and plumage variation unrelated to the major alleles involved in the polymorphism. In addition there is assortative mating in A. c. caerulescens. In this paper the poly-