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Stunting in the first year of life is associated with unfavorable lipid profile in early childhood

The objective of this study was to determine the association between stunting and adverse lipid profiles in preschool children. Data were collected during a randomized trial conducted in Sao Leopoldo, Brazil. At 12–16 months, anthropometric data were obtained and cut‐offs for severe stunting were height‐age‐Z score < −2 and mild stunting was < −1.65. Total Cholesterol (TC), Low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations were assessed using standard methods at ages 3–4 years. Children who were severely stunted had a TC 14.3 mg/dL higher and non‐HDL cholesterol 13.8 mg/dL higher compared to normal height children, adjusting for gender, waist circumference, maternal education, breastfeeding, and maternal BMI. Children who experienced mild stunting had a TC 12.7 mg/dL higher, LDL‐c 10.2 mg/dL higher, and non‐HDL cholesterol 12.9 higher compared to normal height children. Based on these data, nutritional challenges early in life appear to be associated with an unhealthy lipid profile as early as the preschool years. Funding was provided by the Brazilian National Funding for Research and the Brazilian Ministry of Education.