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Evidence that somatomedin-C is degraded by the kidney and inhibits insulin degradation.

Studies were undertaken to determine the site of somatomedin-C degradation and the characteristics of the enzyme(s) responsible for this degradation. It was found that in the rat an important site of degradation is the kidney and that somatomedin- C degradative activity occurs in two forms. The first, thought to be due to a sulfhydryl protease, is associated with the kidney plasma membrane and appears to be highly specific for somatomedin- C (Km = 1.6 × 10-8M). The second is found in cytosol and most effectively degrades reduced somatomedin- C (Km = 6.3 × 10-8M). The data suggest that the cytosol activity is attributable to the so called “insulin-glucagon protease,” since the two activities share characteristics consistent with a sulfhydryl protease and since both somatomedin-C and insulin have the capacity to inhibit the degradation of the other. In this regard, somatomedin-C appears to act as a competitive inhibitor of insulin degradation and has a Ki of 6 × 10-9M. Chemically modified somatomedin-C deri...