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Clinical Science Orals

Introduction-Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease may be programmed early in life. Impaired glucose and lipid homeostasis central obesity and endothelial dysfunction are key components of Syndrome X which is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities, associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Subjects and methods-We have measured features associated with Syndrome X in 110 healthy children(ll.2-14.6yrs). Blood samples for plasma glucose and lipids were collected fasting, and 60mins and 120mins after a standard meal. Endothelial function was assessed by measuring plasma levels of E-selectin(a marker of endothelial activation) and by using laser doppler imaging to assess endothelial dependent and independent vascular responses following iontophoresis of acetylcholine(ACh) and sodium nitroprusside(SNP) respectively. Results-Mean fasting plasma glucose and cholesterol were Smmol 1"1 (range3.5-7.3) and 4.0lmmol r• (range2.85-6.29) respectively. There were significant positive correlations between waist-hip ratio and fasting glucose (r-0.260, p=0.004), cholesterol (r-0.212, p=0.029), and E-selectin (r-0.221, p=0.022). The 2hr plasma glucose correlated with fasting glucose (r-0.646, p=O.OOl), cholesterol (r-0.182, p=0.037), and triglyceride (r-0.181, p=0.031). There were significant negative correlations between peak endothelial-dependent(ACh) vascular responses and fasting glucose (r=-0.5, p=O.OOI)and cholesterol (r=-0.27, p=O.OI9). Conclusions-We have clearly demonstrated that features of Syndrome X exist in childhood and may be associated with chan~es in endothelial function. This emphasises the importance of nsk factors in childhood and their potential effects on later health.