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Creativity: Surprise and Abductive Reasoning

This paper investigates creativity focusing on the nature of abductive reasoning, as originally formulated by Peirce, situating it in the context of the theory of self -organization. An ancient question will be addressed: is it appropriate to investigate creative processes from a mechanistic perspective or do they involve subjective elements which cannot - in principle - be investigated from a mechanistic view? This question will guide our investigation, which has as an initial hypothesis that creativity starts with surprise and involves a self -organizing process in which abductive reasoning occurs allowing the expansion of well-structured set of beliefs. This process is considered a part of the establishment of habits in self -organizing systems. We argue that a deeper understanding of how self-organizing processes involving abductive reasoning may take place in creative systems could elucidate the complex debate about the mechanical versus nonmechanical ingredients of creativity.