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PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GLYCOLATE OXIDASE FROM THE BROWN ALGA SPATOGLOSSUM PACIFICISM (PHAEOPHYTA) 1

Glycolate oxidase was purified to apparent homogeneity from the brown alga Spatoglossum pacificum Yendo. The 1326‐fold purified glycolate oxidase enzyme exhibited a specific activity of 22. 4 micromoles glyoxylate formed ·min−1·mg protein−1. The molecular weight of the native enzyme was estimated to be 230,000 by gel filtration. The subunit molecular weight of the enzyme was determined to be 49,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, suggesting that the native enzyme is a tetramer. There were two absorption peaks at 345 and 445 nm, indicating that glycolate oxidase is a flavoprotein. This enzyme had a high isoelectric point (pI 9.6) and a high pH optimum (pH 8.3). The Km values for glycolate and l‐lactate were 0.49 and 5.5 mM, respectively. This enzyme also had a broad specificity for other straight‐chain α‐hydroxy acids but not for β‐hydroxyacids. Cyanide, azide, N‐ethylmaleimide, and p‐chloromercuribenzoic acid did not affect the enzyme, whereas 2‐pyridylhydroxymethanesulfonic acid strongly inhibited it. These properties of glycolate oxidase from the brown alga S. pacificum are similar to the properties of the glycolate oxidasesfrom higher plants. Polyclonal antibodies raised against the polypeptide fragment of Spatoglossum glycolate oxidase could recognize glycolate oxidase from Spinacia oleracea L., although the cross‐reactivity was weak. The N‐terminal sequence of two internal polypeptide fragments of the enzyme from S. pacificum showed a high degree of similarity to that of glycolate oxidase from higher plants. These results suggest that glycolate oxidase from higher plants and brown algae share the same ancestral protein.