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Combined technology of production of ceramic coatings

The wear of machine components and equipment in milkprocessing production is caused by the combined effect of mechanical abrasion and chemical effect of the corrosive processing medium. Components of machines which are in contact with milk products are produced from stainless steel. The results of analysis and also the work of other scientists show that the majority of these components are partly rejected after a wear of approximately 0.5 mm. In the machines used in milk processing they include plunger sections of homogenising systems, contacts of milk pumps of the shaft-seal type, milk valves and other components of equipment (including imported equipment). In reconditioning these components there are very stringent requirements on the method of reconditioning (in order to satisfy hygiene standards, and high corrosion– mechanical characteristics, etc). These requirements are satisfied by the new combined technology of producing ceramic coatings, combining advantages of gas-flame spraying and microarc oxidation. The technology is based on the procedure in which in order to compensate extensive wear the component is initially reconditioned with gas-flame spraying by spraying through a sublayer of aluminium powder and, subsequently, to ensure high service characteristics, the restored and treated surface is hardened by microarc oxidation. To deposit coatings on the surface of specimens, produced from 12Cr18Ni10Ti stainless steel, experiments were carried out with powder gas-flame torches produced by Termika company. The sublayer was deposited using PT-Yu5N (TU 14-1-3926-85) powder, in spraying the main layer aluminium powder SAS-2 (TU 48-21-447) was used. The coatings were hardened in an alkali electrolyte with additions of water glass for 120 min in equipment for microarc oxidation (Fig. 1). The characteristics of the coatings were determined by the standard procedure. The coatings, produced by the combined method on stainless steels, consist of three layers (Fig. 2). The experiments with the quantitative evaluation of the bonding strength of the sprayed coatings in separation and shear (Fig. 3) show that to ensure the maximum possible bonding strength of the main layer of the coating (12–14 MPa), the dispersion composition of the sprayed aluminium powder should be in the range 40–120 μm, and the surface roughness parameter should be Rz = 60÷120 μm. In hardening the aluminium layer by microarc oxidation, the surface of the sublayer was characterised by a large reduction of the bonding strength of the coating followed by separation. It has been determined to prevent separation of the coatings during oxidation, the thickness of the non-hardened Combined technology of production of ceramic coatings