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Human BMP‐7/OP‐1 induces the growth and differentiation of adipocytes and osteoblasts in bone marrow stromal cell cultures *

We studied the effects of BMP‐7/OP‐1 on growth and differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells. BMS2, a mouse bone marrow stromal cell line capable of differentiating into adipocytes and osteoblasts, were treated in a serum‐free medium containing differentiation agents that favor the expression of both lineages. BMP‐7/ OP‐1 stimulated cell proliferation and differentiation concomitantly. These effects were dose‐ and growth phase‐dependent. Cells were more sensitive to the treatment early in the culture (30–40% confluence) with a significant increase in cell proliferation and markers of differentiation at low concentrations. When treated later in the growth phase (90–100% confluence), no significant increase in cell proliferation was seen. The concentration requirement for cells later in the culture to reach an equivalent degree of differentiation was 3–10‐ fold higher than for cells treated early. In both cases, the effects on adipocyte differentiation were biphasic; low concentrations stimulated adipocyte differentiation which was inhibited at higher concentrations where stimulation of osteoblast markers were observed. We conclude that cell proliferation and cell differentiation into adipocyte/osteoblast can occur simultaneously under BMP‐7/OP‐1 treatment. J. Cell. Biochem. 82: 187–199, 2001. Published 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.