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Comparative Effectiveness Research : International Experiences and Implications for the United States

In keeping with the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) definition of CE (“. . .a rigorous evaluation of the impact of different options that are available for treating a given medical condition for . . . a set of patients”) and the experience of several nations, the authors reviewed CE as applied to medical devices and drugs, surgical interventions, and diagnostic tests. Their examination focused on (1) organizational forms of CE entities, (2) methods used by CE entities, and (3) impacts of CE programs and dissemination.