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Influence of C677T methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphism on plasma homocysteine levels among Cuban Americans with and without type 2 diabetes

The study examined the influence of C677T MTHFR gene polymorphism on plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels among Cuban Americans with (N=136) and without (N=136) type 2 diabetes (T2D). Subjects were randomly recruited from Miami‐Dade and Broward Counties, FL. Hcy was determined in fasting blood samples. MTHFR genotypes of the polymorphism C677T were analyzed from genomic DNA samples using a restriction enzyme (Hinf I). Statistical analyses used SPSS and included descriptive statistics and ANCOVA test controlling for age, gender, BMI, smoking, family history of CHD, intake of folate, vitamins B6 and B12. Prior to all statistical analyses plasma Hcy was log‐transformed to achieve normality. After adjusting for the control variables ANCOVA test indicated that non‐diabetics had higher log Hcy levels (2.20±.02) than T2D subjects (2.04±.03), (p=.001). Subjects with the TT genotype had higher log Hcy levels (2.19±.02) than those with CC genotype (2.11±.05), (p=.002). The interaction between diabetes status and MTHFR genotypes with log Hcy was not statistically significant. High Hcy levels among Cuban Americans with TT genotype were independent of their diabetes status. Our study agrees with previous reports with other ethnic groups indicating that high Hcy levels are found in persons with TT genotype.