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Quantitation of beta adrenergic receptors in rat liver: confounding effect of displaceable but nonstereospecific antagonist binding.

In rat liver membranes three types of ligand binding were seen using [3H]-dihydroalprenolol (DHA) and [125I]-hydroxybenzylpindolol (HYP): binding stereospecifically displaced by beta-adrenergic agonists and antagonists, binding nonstereospecifically displaced by beta-adrenergic antagonists, and binding which was not displaced by beta-adrenergic agonists or antagonists. The magnitude of the nonstereospecific displaceable binding varied with the physiological state of the animal. It was sufficient to prevent the quantitation of the stereospecific displaceable binding in some preparations from young rats but in all preparations of rats greater than 150 g or more than about 6 weeks of age. In adrenalectomized weanling rats 10-30% of the total binding was of nonstereospecific displaceable type while in control rats it comprised up to 60% of the total binding. Addition of 5 X 10(-6) M phentolamine to the assay eliminated a large proportion of the nonstereospecific displaceable binding. When phentolamine was included in the assay, liver membranes from weanling rats stereospecifically bound 30-35% of total binding; membranes from adrenalectomized rats showed stereospecific binding of up to 50 to 80%. Because the amount of displaceable, nonstereospecific binding varied greatly depending on the physiologic state of the animals, stereospecific displacement should be monitored for every type of liver membrane preparation. Furthermore, animal age is an important variable. Using the published antagonist binding methodology (DHA or HYP) in liver membranes, it is not presently possible to quantitate liver beta-adrenergic receptors in normal rats that have reached maturity.