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Comparison of Two Magnetic Saturation Models of Induction Machines and Experimental Validation

This paper develops a systematic comparison of two nonlinear models of induction machines in magnetic saturation using stator and rotor currents as state variables. One of the models accounts for dynamic cross-saturation effects, whereas the other neglects them. Analytic derivations yield an explicit description of the difference between the models showing that differences can only be observed through transient responses in the saturated region. To refine the comparison, and exclude conditions in the linear magnetic region, the dynamics of self-excited induction generators around stable operating points is analyzed. Unexpected and interesting features of the models are revealed through their linearization in the reference frame aligned with the stator voltage vector, followed by computation of the transfer functions from perturbations to state deviations. The analysis predicts a slower exponential convergence of the simplified model compared to the full model, despite very close responses in the initial period. The comparison is validated via thorough experiments and simulations. This paper provides experimental evidence of the higher accuracy of the full model for transients deep into the saturated region. For realistic operating conditions, the difference is found to be rather small, and often comparable to the steady-state error caused by inaccuracies in the parameters.