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Zig-Zag Piezoelectric Actuators: Geometrical Control of Displacement and Resonance

The Zig-Zag actuator is a hybrid design combining bimorph and multilayer characteristics that is capable of producing and sensing usable motion in two dimensions. The mechanical impedance can be optimized by changing the angle between the legs and the actuator's working parameters controlled by changing the driving voltage and its frequency. Two interesting features of this actuator are its performance as a linear motor and its ability to drive a load in two directions.