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Keyboard Interface with Shape-Distortion Expression for Interactive Performance

This paper presents a design of a shape-distortion keyboard as a kind of visual feedback of finger input on a piano interface for interactive performance. By tracking the movements of a finger and by controlling MIDI output, the keyboard interface of the proposed design provides expressive control in accordance with the finger movements during playing. Unlike an ordinary piano interface with a static keyboard, the shape-distortion design transforms the positions and shapes of keys, allowing swiping and shaking the finger to tune expressive control. To test the designs of the shape distortion, we implemented three variations of shape distortion and three types of expressive control such as volume change, pitch bend, and timbre-mixing balance, thereby enabling us to find the effective combinations between them. In a user study, three participants tried these variations of shape-distortion design and provided comments for feedback, improvement, and the future design of the interactive keyboard’s interface and performance.