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Quantitation of binding and subcellular distribution of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin in rat liver cells

Binding of enterotoxin from Clostridium perfringens type A was studied in suspensions of parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells from rat liver. In hepatocytes, 1.5 X 10(6) specific binding sites per cell with an association constant of 3.2 X 10(6) M-1 were found. About 1% of the added toxin was nonspecifically bound to the hepatocytes. At concentrations of toxin below 0.1 micrograms/ml, 80% of the toxin density of 7 X 10(6) cells per ml. Binding did not increase after the cells became permeable to the toxin. Subcellular fractionation in a sucrose gradient produced no evidence for binding to parts of the cell other than the plasma membrane. The degree of binding to nonparenchymal cells was less than 10% of the binding to hepatocytes.