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Parasympathetic postganglionic cells in the glossopharyngeal nerve trunk and their relationship to unmyelinated nerve fibers in the fungiform papillae of the frog

The glossopharyngeal nerve of the frog is made up of afferent nerve fibers and efferent, parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve fibers. The precise origin and course of the parasympathetic efferent nerve fibers in the fungiform papillae of the frog's tongue were investigated. We found the ganglionic cells in the lingual branch of the frog glossopharyngeal nerve. The surface of the ganglionic cell bodies was partly covered by synaptic endings that impinged upon it. Synaptic endings contained clear synaptic vesicles and large dense‐cored vesicles. After cutting of the glossopharyngeal nerve proximal to the jugular ganglion, synaptic endings were found to show definite signs of degeneration. These findings led us to the conclusion that the ganglionic cells in the lingual branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve are the parasympathetic postganglionic cells. After cutting of the glossopharyngeal nerve distal to the jugular ganglion, some unmyelinated nerve fibers in the fungiform papillae and postganglionic cells in the lingual branch remained intact. These results strongly suggest that the origin of some of the unmyelinated nerve fibers is the parasympathetic postganglionic cell in the lingual branch.