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Wearable Computing Keyboards Redux : Fast Mobile Text Entry

WIRELESS MESSAGING In 2003, wireless messaging accounted for US$16 billion in revenue for mobile phone service providers. Some forecasters predict that between 1 and 2 trillion messages will be sent this year, and analysts say that mobile email will be the next big market for the European industry. Other markets, such as mobile gaming and location-based services, will also use text entry. However, two barriers exist for these markets: appropriate displays and text-entry speed. Mobile device displays have improved steadily. Several recent PDAs, such as the Sharp Zaurus 6000, feature color 640 × 480 displays that are crisp and readable in daylight. Mobile phone displays are also improving, driven by the integration of cameras and PDA-like functions. Additionally, mobile head-up display manufacturers such as MicroOptical, Microvision, and Interactive Imaging are selling the most useable and affordable displays to date. Although still too expensive for consumers, these head-up units are drawing interest from mobile phone manufacturers. However, mobile text entry remains a difficult problem for handset manufacturers. In certain circumstances, terse messages can be appropriate. For example, when messages were sent across continents by telegram, senders would use abbreviations to keep the message cost low, and the recipient could still understand the message. Similarly, abbreviations are common in today’s short message service messaging. For example, “CUL8R” means “see you later” in common parlance. These abbreviations, some of which can be quite complex and cryptic, have probably evolved both because of the slow typing speed the telephone keypad allows and because of the messaging culture itself. However, if mobile phone service providers want to enable mobile email, faster typing methods must be devised. The typing rates of today’s text-entry methods using the mobile phone’s number pad are two to five times slower than that expected with a desktop keyboard. For example, in 2003 the world’s fastest mobile “texter” typed 29 words per minute,1 more than six times slower than the Guinness record of 192 wpm for the desktop qwerty keyboard.2