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Response surface methodology as a tool for optimization of the extraction of bioactive compounds from plant sources.

Response surface methodology (RSM) is a widely used mathematical and statistical technique for modelling and optimizing the process for the extraction of bioactive compounds. In this review, the optimization approach through the use of experimental designs and empirical models for response prediction and the utilization of desirability function for multiple response optimization are explained. Furthermore, this paper reviews recent studies on the application of RSM to optimize bioactive compounds extraction processes such as conventional solvent extraction (CSE), microwave assisted extraction (MAE), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), and ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE). Finally, the challenges associated with the use of RSM and efforts made to improve RSM in the extraction process are also highlighted. Overall, this review informs many aspects of RSM that are occasionally ignored or sparsely discussed in optimization of bioactive compound extraction processes and summarizes significant applications where it proved suitable. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.