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Responder strain-specific enhancement of endothelial and mononuclear cell Ia in delayed hypersensitivity reactions in (strain 2 X strain 13)F1 guinea pigs.

This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that preferential responder strain-specific Ia expression can be detected in delayed hypersensitivity (DH) skin reactions. Seven adult (strain 2 X strain 13)F1 and two strain 13 guinea pigs were sensitized with poly-L glutamic acid-lysine (GL), poly-L glutamic acid-tyrosine (GT), and bovine insulin in complete Freund's adjuvant, and were skin tested with GL, GT, PPD, bovine insulin, porcine insulin (which has the same B chain as bovine insulin), and saline. Strain 2 guinea pigs react with bovine insulin A chain, GL, and PPD but not with GT or the bovine insulin B chain, whereas strain 13 guinea pigs react with bovine insulin B chain, GT, and PPD but not with GL or bovine insulin A chain. The (2 X 13)F1 animals had positive DH responses to GT, GL, PPD, and bovine insulin. At 24 hr, areas of induration were measured and the test sites and draining lymph nodes were biopsied. Cryostat sections were stained with monoclonal antibodies to strain 2 Ia, strain 13 Ia, and Ia framework determinants with immunoperoxidase. Stained dermal and subdermal inflammatory cells and vessels were counted on coded slides. In GT tests, there was more staining of dermal and subdermal cells and vessels for strain 13 Ia than strain 2 Ia (p less than 0.02). In bovine insulin tests there was more staining of dermal cells and vessels for strain 13 than strain 2 Ia (p less than 0.05). In GL tests there was more staining on dermal vessels and subdermal cells and vessels of strain 2 Ia than strain 13 Ia (p less than 0.05). There was much greater staining of strain 2 Ia of dermal cells and vessels in GL tests compared with strain 2 Ia staining in GT and bovine insulin tests (p less than 0.02, cells; p less than 0.01, vessels). No significant differences between strain 2 and strain 13 Ia expression were found in PPD, porcine insulin tests, saline controls, or in lymph nodes that drained sensitization sites from animals in which GL and GT had been injected on different sides. Anti-Ia framework expression generally correlated with the greater parental strain Ia in each reaction. These findings and previous observations in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis suggest that responder type Ia may be selectively found in vivo on mononuclear and endothelial cells in sites of T cell-mediated hypersensitivity reactions.