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Dietary self‐selection by Heliothis zea larvae: roles of metabolic feedback and chemosensory stimuli

The effects on dietary self‐selection of phagostimulation and metabolic feedback from nutrients were seperated by using two unusual carbohydrates alone or in combination: mannitol, which is nutritive but not phagostimulatory for H. zea larvae; and sorbose, which is weakly phagostimulatory but not nutritive. Last instar H. zea larvae recognized and responded positively to mannitol by metabolic feedback when it was included in a diet with casein. When offered a choice of two diets, one containing casein but lacking a utilizable carbohydrate and another lacking casein but including either mannitol or sorbose, they did not self‐select for either mannitol or sorbose. However, in a similar experiment, in which the carbohydrate diet contained a mixture of mannitol and sorbose, there was a positive response, demonstrating that both metabolic feedback and phagostimulation are required to elicit self‐selection.