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Pharmacokinetics of ceftiofur in the metacarpophalangeal joint after standing intravenous regional limb perfusion in horses.

This study investigated the pharmacokinetics of ceftiofur after intravenous regional limb perfusion (IVRLP). Six horses were involved in 3 IVRLP sessions. For each session, operators with varying clinical experience placed the tourniquet. A wide-rubber tourniquet was applied in the antebrachium as 2 g of ceftiofur in a total volume of 100 mL was injected into the cephalic vein. Plasma and metacarpophalangeal synovial fluid samples were obtained to evaluate perfusate leakage and synovial fluid concentrations of ceftiofur over 24 h. Overall, mean plasma concentrations were not significantly different before and after tourniquet removal. Mean synovial fluid ceftiofur concentrations were significantly higher 5 min and 8 h after tourniquet removal versus 24 h, after which values above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (1 μg/mL) were not detected. Concentrations above the MIC were detected in 72% and 50% of the horses at 5 min and 8 h, respectively. Overall, higher synovial fluid concentrations were obtained for the operator with the most recent clinical experience performing IVRLP.