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Genome‐wide analysis of RNA helicase A translation control

RNA helicase A (RHA) operates a novel translation control axis that is necessary for expression of several retroviruses and junD. Specificity is provided by selective interaction at the 5′ terminal post‐transcriptional control element (PCE) located in the 5′ UTR of RHA target mRNAs. This interaction represents an “RNA switch” that neutralizes the complicated structure of the 5′ UTR to derepress protein synthesis. Here, we executed a genome‐wide analysis to identify the collection of cellular mRNAs dependent on RHA for efficient translation. Identification of mRNAs that coimmunprecipitate with RHA and/or require RHA for polyribosome association was performed by microarray and functional analysis. Overlapping data sets identified five candidate genes, which included junD. Complementary bioinformatic analysis identified conserved sequence and/or structural features in cellular PCEs. In addition to the RHA binding site, these features may include binding sites for cofactors crucial for PCE activity under the conditions tested. This collection of genes is postulated to comprise a post‐transcriptional regulon that is coordinately regulated by RHA. Our work provides new insight into a mechanism that likely contributes to the role of RHA in human diseases such as cancer, Lupus, and pathogenic retrovirus infection.