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Selected highlights from other journals

Dog breeders are likely to select stud animals that closely fit breed-specific Kennel Club or breed organisation specifications. The reproductive isolation resulting from this process is likely to promote genetic differences between breeds. Most studies of the genetic diversity of dog breeds have used dogs registered to a particular breed organisation. However, in clinical practice, breeds are usually determined by veterinarian observation or reported by the client. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of popular dog breeds in the UK in a largely clinically defined population. Blood samples taken during clinical investigations were obtained from a database at Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies. In total, 285 samples were included in the study, with samples from 13 popular breeds and 13 specified and unspecified crossbreeds. The samples were analysed genetically to assess betweenand withinbreed similarities and differences. The results indicated that the most genetically distinct breeds were the boxer and West Highland white terrier. The least distinct group was the crossbred group followed closely the Jack Russell terrier, which showed high levels of genetic diversity compared to the other breeds. Further analysis indicated that several animals had been assigned to the wrong breed. For example, one golden retriever had a genetic pattern similar to labrador retrievers, while several dogs classified as English springer spaniels had genetic footprints that did not seem to match this breed. Boxers, Cavalier King Charles spaniels and rottweilers were found to be unlikely to be assigned to the wrong breed. The authors conclude that the findings have implications for practice because understanding clinical syndromes associated with a breed is dependent upon recognising the breed, and it appears that some dogs are misclassified. They also note that some distinct breeds continue to maintain a high degree of genetic diversity, such as the Jack Russell terrier, which had a similar degree of diversity to crossbred dogs.