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SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND THE ASSESSMENT OF POND WATER SUITABILITY FOR AQUACULTURE IN THE SONADANGA AND KOTWALI THANAS OF KHULNA CITY CORPORATION

In Bangladesh, aquaculture has become an extensive practice, and over 12% of the population is involved in it. It is well-recognized that water quality determines the metabolic and physiological activities of fishes and negatively affects fish production. However, both groundwater and surface water resources in many places are affected by various pollutants. This research was conducted to assess the suitability of pond water for aquaculture in Sonadanga and Kotwali thanas in Khulna City Corporation Area of Bangladesh using spatial distribution. For doing this, samples from 23 fish cultivated ponds in those two thanas were collected for analyzing the basic physical and chemical parameters. Results revealed that only the pH of the ponds was in a favorable range (8.03 to 7.37) for aquaculture, but other water quality parameters like electrical conductivity (EC), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), water hardness (WH), total iron (Fe2+ and Fe3+), sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl-), bicarbonate (HCO3-), nitrate (NO3-), phosphate (PO43-), and sulfate (SO42-) were present in excessive concentrations. The Pearson correlation among these parameters were found to be significant. Although, the water bodies in both thanas were unsuitable for fish farming, the Kotwali thana had more degraded ponds compared to the Sonadanga thana. It is recommended that the local administration should undertake necessary actions to improve the suitability of aquaculture and to conserve these water bodies in the area.