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R.MAPCALC: An Algebra for GIS and Image Processing

Abstract : As geographic information systems are enhanced with more robust query capabilities, they evolve from basic spatial data storage, retrieval, and display systems to more powerful spatial modeling systems. Languages that empower a user to design and create spatial models will advance this development even further. This study describes a map algebra language that can form the foundation for overlay and neighborhood analyses in both raster geographic information systems and image-processing systems. The language combines maps and images in expressions with arithmetic and logical operators and mathematical functions to produce new maps and images. This algebra has been implemented in the Geographical Resources analysis Support System r.mapcalc module. The language syntax is first described and then examples relevant to geographic information systems and image-processing applications are presented.