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Periodontal Hand Instruments

Diagnostic Instruments Periodontal probes are used primarily to measure sulcal or pocket depth. In addition, they can be utilized to measure gingival enlargement (hyperplasia) and recession. They are tapered rod-like instruments with a blunt, rounded tip. They are measured and marked in millimeters (Fig. 1). Dental explorers are sharp, relatively fine instruments that are utilized to evaluate for tooth surface irregularities such as residual calculus, caries, tooth resorption, fractures, and inconspicuous pulp exposure (Fig.2). Expros consist of a periodontal probe on one end and an explorer on the other. This combination is the most efficient way to perform oral evaluations (Fig. 3). Dental mirrors are utilized to evaluate the distal areas of the teeth and the caudal oral cavity (Fig. 4). In addition, they can be a useful aid in illumination, transillumination, and retraction.