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Development of a Detector of Variation of Underground Water Level Using Ultrasound

A system which measures the variation of underground water level in a bored hole using ultrasound is proposed. The principle of the measurement is the ultrasonic pulse echo method. A transducer is hung in the underground water and sends 1 MHz of ultrasound with a 50 µs pulse width upward to the water surface. The equipment has the ability to measure a depth of about 15 m with almost 3 cm resolution. An experiment using a telemeter system was carried out in a landslide area where there was much snow and no commercial power supply; the rising of the water level was observed with the thawing of the snow.