{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.02553626149131767, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0010214504596527069, 'mean_word_length': 5.086956521739131, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Fracture Testing and Analysis of a Layered Functionally Graded Ti/TiB Beam in 3-Point Bending

This paper presents a methodology for testing and analyzing a layered functionally graded beam consisting of Ti and TiB phases. The test specimen is a single edge notch bending (SENB), with composition varying from a TiB-rich layer at the bottom to commercially pure (CP) Ti at the top. The crack front is aligned parallel to the material gradation and it grows along this direction (mode I). For this crack orientation, average R-curve behavior is investigated in order to understand the mechanics of crack growth. The beam is modeled using two-dimensional finite elements considering elastoplastic behavior. Properties of the mixed phase interlayers are approximated using a rule-of-mixtures approach, and the validity of this approach is discussed. Characteristic response quantities are investigated such as the mechanical fields, crack mouth opening displacement, and J integral.