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Spontaneous ovulation in rats after interruption of anterior connections to the mediobasal hypothalamus at two days of age.

In 2-day-old female rats, vertical cuts were placed in the brain by means of a knife made of 3 mm-wide razor blade at a level between the rostral end of the anterior commissure and the caudal end of the arcuate nucleus. When killed at 60 or 90 days of age, 45 of 47 thus operated rats had corpora lutea in their ovaries, indicating that the ovulatory discharge of gonadotropins from the anterior pituitary had occurred. The remaining 2 rats had polyfollicular ovaries indicative of ovulatory failure. In another series of experiments, the anterior afferents of the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) were interrupted in 28-day-old female rats by means of the so-called Halasz knife at the level of the suprachiasmatic nucleus. By 60 days of age, the rats invariably came into persistent estrus with polyfollicular ovaries, showing that the ovulatory discharge of gonadotropins had been inhibited. In the rats operated on neonatally, wounds due to the cuts healed up almost completely, although some reduction in number of neurons was observed along the cuts. By contrast, in the animals operated on at 28 days of age, wounds were filled with connective tissue. Accordingly, it seems likely that the development of the anterior neural afferents to the MBH, which are involved in the cyclic discharge of pituitary gonadotropins, has not yet been completed by the 2nd postnatal day so that the transections carried out at this age exert little influence on the future occurrence of ovarian cycles.