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Curved arrays for improved horizontal sizing in small pipe welds

This paper describes computer modelling and testing of phased arrays curved in the passive axis to improve focusing on small diameter pipe welds; in practice, two curvatures satisfy most diameter and wall thickness applications. The modelling was followed by experimental testing using one of the curved arrays. Not surprisingly, the curved array showed significant improvements over a flat array on reference notch sizing. One of the major advantages of using curved arrays - as opposed to matrix arrays - is that curving is an economical and simple solution.