{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.013856812933025405, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 5.280193236714976, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Evaluation of clays as linings to landfill

Abstract The use of remoulded natural clays as low-permeability barriers or as part of multiple-layered lining systems to landfill cells is widespread. Geotechnical considerations in the evaluation of possible sources of clay and the design and construction of clay liners are addressed. A study made of individual geological deposits within Lincolnshire is outlined and use of the term ‘material suitability’ to define the potential of a deposit to form a low-permeability barrier is discussed. A scheme for classifying deposits as unsuitable, marginal or suitable based primarily on plasticity data and variability is discussed and examples from the classification study are presented. The term ‘acceptability in earthworks’ is also introduced and relates to the requirement to place acceptance limits on the proposed lining material to achieve the desired low-permeability barrier and to ensure the practicality of constructing the lining. The use of the moisture condition value (MCV) test in the assessment of acceptability and control of earthworks is discussed. The requirement of a maximum allowable permeability for a clay lining dictates the upper limit to the acceptable MCV range while the shear strength would usually dictate the lower limit.