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Rates of Ionic Diffusion across the Egg Chorion of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

The diffusion coefficients for H⁺, Na⁺, and Ca²⁺ across the Atlantic salmon chorion were determined experimentally to be 3.2 X 10⁻⁵, 1.3 X 10⁻⁷ to 2.2 X 10⁻⁶, and 3.3 x 10⁻⁷ to 3.8 X 10⁻⁶ cm² · s⁻¹, respectively, depending on the model used. The ratios of diffusion coefficients for the three ions do not differ greatly from the relative mobilities in free solution (ca. 7.3:1:1.2), although the diffusion rates of Na⁺ and Ca²⁺ through the chorion may be retarded relative to that of H⁺. The chorion's capacity for ion exchange is low, relative to most commercial ion exchange materials. The diffusion coefficients were used to estimate flux of H⁺ into salmon eggs under pH gradients expected in nature as reported in the literature. The cation exchange capacities of the chorion and perivitelline colloids are insufficient to buffer H⁺ entry for more than a few hours. Since pH of perivitelline fluid (pvf) remains higher than ambient pH, it is suggested that the embryonic tissues must generate basic materials to neutralize acidity entering the pvf