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Deformable mirror for wavefront shaping of infrared radiation.

We present proof-of-principle results on terahertz wavefront shaping by means of a deformable mirror (DM). The DM is based on a reflective gold-coated steel membrane pushed by 35 powerful stepper actuators to enable a surface deformation of up to 1 mm out of equilibrium. The maximum excursion is equivalent to 10 wavelengths of the terahertz source centered at 3 THz and, thus, offers excellent opportunities for shaping the terahertz wavefront and beam intensity profile. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate terahertz focal spot optimization towards the diffraction limit, focal depth shifting, and terahertz imaging application. The large aperture DM offers new opportunities for the wavefront manipulation demanded by high-field terahertz science. The extreme excursion range of the DM will be beneficial for beam shaping at other wavelengths, such as visible and UV.