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Digital Image and Video Compression Techniques

Digital image and video compression is now essential. The Internet has resulted in a network by which almost any form of communication is possible. The average net user and communicated through text, images and video, of these the simplest and easiest is through text as it is quick as simple to use as sending text very little bandwidth. The problem with images and videos is that they require a large amount of bandwidth the send and receive. Therefore there is a need to decrease the size of the image or video sent or received. The aim of data compression techniques is to reduce the amount of data needed to accurately represent an image, such that this image can be economically transmitted or archived. To make this fact clear let's see an example. An image, 1024 pixel x 1024 pixel x 24 bit, without compression, would require 3 MB of storage and 7 minutes for transmission, utilizing a high speed, 64 Kbit/s, ISDN line. If the image is compressed at a 10:1 compression ratio, the storage requirement is reduced to 300 KB and the transmission time drops to under 6 seconds. Seven 1 MB images can be compressed and transferred to a floppy disk in less time than it takes to send one of the original files, uncompressed, over an AppleTalk network. In a distributed environment large image files remain a major bottleneck within systems. Compression is an important component of the solutions available for creating file sizes of manageable and transmittable dimensions. Increasing the bandwidth is another method, but the cost sometimes makes this a less attractive solution. Platform portability and performance are important in the selection of the compression/decompression technique to be employed. The easiest way to reduce the size of the image file is to reduce the size of the image itself. By shrinking the size of the image, fewer pixels need to be stored and consequently the file will take