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Document Title: Intimate Partner Violence: Justice System Response and Public Health Service Utilization in a National Sample

To provide better customer service, NCJRS has made this Federally-funded grant final report available electronically in addition to traditional paper copies. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects over one and a half million women each year (Tjaden & Thoennes, 2000). Although this issue was historically shrouded in secrecy, public attention to the problem emerged in the early 1970s. Since that time, research has focused on a number of issues and questions, including evaluating the extent of the problem, identifying the antecedents and consequences and developing theoretical models of the causes of IPV, and more recently, developing effective prevention and treatment programs, including how the justice and victim services systems respond to the problem. Although there is clear indication that the criminal justice and public health systems recognize and are targeting the problems of IPV, yet to be adequately determined are the extent to which these resources are accessible and utilized by all IPV victims and perpetrators, whether a satisfactory outcome occurs, and whether available resources are effective at preventing IPV. Between the mid-1980s and 2000, a number of new policies and practices involving law enforcement and the criminal justice system were enacted to protect victims of IPV. However, there is little consensus as to the effectiveness of these interventions which include mandatory arrest of offenders. Even less information is available about prosecution and court response. Of particular concern, problems exist with the use of police and court records to document recidivism, since a fairly high proportion of repeat incidents are not reported to the criminal justice system. The public health system also engages in many forms of community-based advocacy for victims of IPV, but most evidence of the effectiveness of these interventions is anecdotal or based on non-representative samples. There is some information in the National Violence Against Women Survey (Tjaden & Thoennes, 2000) regarding use of medical services that indicated the prevalence of service utilization, but little is known about the characteristics of victims and batterers who seek help and the conditions under which the help is sought. Because the focus of public health system services in this report is on agencies to which IPV victims and perpetrators may go to seek help (such as safe houses, clergy, and the police), and not on …