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[Effect of gamma-radiation on the activity of proteases associated with spleen and brain nuclear histones of young and old rats].

It has been found that proteases specifically splitting histones are associated with histones from spleen and brain nuclei of 4- and 26-month-old rats. The activity ofproteases isolated together with histones increases after irradiation of rats with 10 Gy The activation degree of these proteases depends on the animal age and postradiation period. Activation ofhistone-associated proteases by means of gamma-radiation is more pronounced in spleen nuclei from old rats than from the young ones. Irradiation of animals has been found to reduce histone H1 and core histone contents in the spleen and brain nuclei of both young and old rats. The radiation-induced proteolysis ofhistone H1 and core histones in spleen and brain nuclei leads to chromatin deconden-sation and DNA degradation by nucleases. The activity of histone-associated proteases is substantially higher in the nuclei of intensively proliferating spleen cells than in the brain nuclei. The experimental data indicate that histone-associated proteases participate in the regulation of DNA transcription, replication, and degradation.