{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.021839080459770115, 'fraction_numerical': 0.01264367816091954, 'mean_word_length': 4.730263157894737, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 1, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Effect of group hope therapy on self-efficacy of adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE
This study aims to determine the effect of group hope therapy on the self-efficacy of adolescents with type 1 diabetes.


METHODS
This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 45 adolescent patients with type 1 diabetes in Iran. The subjects were randomly assigned into the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received eight 90-min sessions of group hope therapy using Snyder's method.


RESULTS
The mean score of self-efficacies in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group (p<0.05).


CONCLUSION
The results of the study suggested that group hope therapy had a significant impact on self-efficacy of adolescents with type 1 diabetes but had no effect on academic self-efficacy and self-efficacy in blood glucose management.