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INTRACELLULAR ELECTROLYTE RESPONSE TO CHANGED OSMOLALITY: AN ELECTRON MICROPROBE (EP) INVESTIGATION

It has been the practice to postulate the existence of idiogenic and inactivated cell osmoles to account for cellular response to altered serum osmolality. These changes have been investigated by a direct determination of intracellular sodium and potassium with EP. Analyses were performed on 8μ frozen sections of rat gastrocnemious prepared by freeze drying. The instrument was calibrated with gelatin standards. Changes in plasma osmolality were produced by IV infusion of 5% glucose and 72% sucrose solutions in anesthetized rats. Serum osmolality was measured by freezing point depression.The prior view that organic osmoles account for the discrepant cellular response to hypertonic dehydration is difficult to accept because the idiogenic osmoles approach 25% of total cellular osmoles. An alternate hypothesis has been developed that some of the ions and water in the cell are inhibited from participating in chemical potentials. A model of the cell can be derived from the relationship of extracellular osmoles and intracellular Na + K by simple mathematical expressions. These indicate that 53% of cell water and 44% of cell cation do not respond to changes in extracellular osmolality. Work supported by: David Underwood Trust, NCR 44-003-053 and Fellowship from PAHO.