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Modeling the effect of a large communication mast in front of a reflector antenna system

Large reflector antennas spread over the African continent used for satellite communications are becoming redundant with the advent of undersea fiber optic cable links. The plan is to refit these antennas for radio astronomy. An antenna in Zambia has a 100 m-high telecommunication mast erected in front of the reflector antenna. This paper investigates the effect that this mast has on the efficiency of the antenna and the size of the avoidance zone with the existence of this mast. Due to the electrical size and detail of the mast this is a very complex electromagnetic analyses problem. The results show that the size of the mast's blockage window can be up to 65° in elevation and 36° in azimuth for an allowance of 5% drop in efficiency. To minimize the effect of the mast, it should be outside the near field cylinder in front of the reflector.