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Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic as a New Solvent for Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Its Potential Application in Ligandless Extraction of Cu (II)



 The cost-effective and environmentally benign solvent of hydrophobic
deep eutectic (DES) was prepared for the removal of Cu (II) from aqueous solution. Hydrophobic
DES has been gaining increasing attention from researchers for the replacement of hazardous solvent
consumption in liquid-liquid extraction (LLE).



To synthesize the hydrophobic DES and optimize the parameters for ligandless LLE using
DES, and LLE with DES-LIG, respectively.



The fatty acid-based DES was prepared using a mixture of capric acid
(C10) and lauric acid (C12) as a potential solvent for the extraction of Cu (II). The DES was characterized
via FT-IR, NMR, and TGA. The removal percentage of Cu (II) was compared between ligandless
LLE and other conventional LLE techniques. DES was used as the solvent in the ligandless
LLE, while 1,10-phenanathroline ligand with DES (DES-LIG) was used in the conventional
LLE techniques. The optimized parameters such as pH, initial concentration, and contact time for
Cu (II) removal were studied and analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS).



The ligandless LLE with DES demonstrated the highest removal percentage
of Cu (II) at optimum conditions of pH 8, initial concentration of 80 μg mL-1, and contact time
of 45 minutes.



The removal of Cu (II) was more effective in ligandless LLE using DES.
