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Effects of different diets used to induce obesity/metabolic syndrome on bladder function in rats.

Preclinical and human studies on the relationship between obesity/metabolic syndrome (MetS) and lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) are inconsistent. We compared the temporal effects of feeding four different diets used to induce obesity/MetS, including 60% fructose, 2% cholesterol 10% lard, 30% fructose 20% lard, or 32.5% lard diet, up to 42 weeks, on metabolic parameters and bladder function in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats fed a 30% fructose 20% lard or 32.5% lard diet consumed less food (grams), but only the 32.5% lard diet group took in more calories. Feeding rats a 60% fructose or 30% fructose 20% lard diet led to glucose intolerance and increased blood pressure. Higher body weight and increased cholesterol levels were observed in the rats maintained on a 2% cholesterol 10% lard diet, whereas exposure to a 32.5% lard diet affected most of the above parameters. Voiding behavior measurement showed that voiding frequency and the total voided volume were lower in the experimental diet groups except for the 30% fructose 20% lard group. The mean voided volume was lower in the 30% fructose 20% lard and 32.5% lard groups compared to the control group. Cystometric analysis revealed a decreased bladder capacity, mean voided volume, inter-micturition interval, and compliance in the 32.5% lard diet group. In conclusion, experimental diets including 60% fructose, 30% fructose 20% lard, or 2% cholesterol 10% lard diet differently affected physiological and metabolic parameters and bladder function to a limited extent, while exposure to a 32.5% lard diet had a greater impact.