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Islam and Muslims in Contemporary Tatarstan

The majority of Dagestanis belong to the Sunni branch of Islam, Shafi'i school. (For details, see Akiner 1983; see Figure 1.) "Islam arrived in the republic in the seventh to eighth century, but it moved only gradually from the lowlands into the highland areas, spreading in the mid-eighteenth century to the west into what is today Chechnya and then on to the central and western North Caucasus" (Walker 1999-2000, p. 16). Dagestanis frequently use this historical fact to argue that their Islam is more "ancient" than that of Chechnya.