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Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Is Expressed on Mature CD83+ Dendritic Cells and Is Up-Regulated by IL-1β1

Signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM), a 70-kDa costimulatory molecule that mediates CD28-independent proliferation of T cells and IFN-γ production, has been identified on human T cells, immature thymocytes, and a subset of B cells. We have found that SLAM is expressed on mature but not immature dendritic cells (DC). However, the SLAM-associated protein, is missing in DC. SLAM surface expression is strongly up-regulated by IL-1β. Addition of IL-1β to the DC maturation mixture also increases the stimulatory properties of DC. These findings provide a new marker for DC maturation and help to explain two areas of DC biology. First, SLAM is a receptor for the measles virus, previously shown to infect DC. Second, SLAM could possibly contribute to the enhanced immunostimulatory functions of DC that are observed following the addition of IL-1.