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Enhanced Regeneration in Long-term Callus Cultures of Red Fescue by Pretreatment with Activated Charcoal


Additions of activated charcoal (AC) to maintenance media before regeneration were evaluted for possible enhancement of plant regeneration from long-term embryogenic callus cultures of red fescue (Festuca rubra L.). Pretreatment with AC increased the level of precocious germination during culture and significantly increased shoot and root formation after transfer to regeneration media. Activated charcoal adsorbed and reduced the activity of toxic levels of 2,4-D. Adsorption of 2,4-D along with other inhibitors of morphogenesis by AC are implicated in the enhancement of regeneration. Chemical names used: (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid (2,4-D).