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Local Map-assisted Positioning for Flying Wireless Relays

This paper considers the exploitation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in wireless networking, with which communication-enabled robots operate as flying wireless relays to provide connectivity or a capacity boost to a ground user. We focus on the particular problem of (automatic) UAV positioning, which greatly affects the end-to-end throughput performance. While existing methods rely on propagation distance minimiza- tion and statistical models for the presence or absence of a line-of-sight (LOS), we propose an approach capable of leveraging local topological information so as to offer better performance guarantees. The proposed method allows to strike a trade-off between minimizing distance path loss and discovering (near) LOS opportunities at locations away from the base station (BS)-user axis. Furthermore, the algorithm is shown to find the global optimal UAV position, although it only requires a local exploration of a signal strength map and the length of search trajectory is only linear to the geographical scale. Hence, it lends itself to online implementation. Significant throughput gains are found when compared to other positioning approaches based on LOS statistical models.