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Lead Ion Selective Signal Amplification by a Supramolecular Podand Fluoroionophore/Surfactant Complex Sensor in Water

Below the critical micelle concentration (cmc) of Triton X-100, a PD-18C6/Triton X-100 complex was found to exhibit an amplified fluorescence response for Pb2 +  in water. No such signal amplification was noted above the cmc. Dynamic light scattering and dark-field microscope analyses revealed that the PD-18C6/Triton X-100 complex formed micron-size aggregates (1.24±0.39 μm) triggered by selective Pb2 +  binding, resulting in the enhancement of fluorescence intensity with a distinct blue shift of the fluorescence emission at pH 5.70. This is a novel supramolecular function of a PD-18C6/Triton X-100 complex sensor for selective Pb2 +  recognition in water.