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Effects of a Symbiotic on the Quality of Life of Elderly Patients with Breast Cancer: a Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial

The human microbiota is gaining more and more attention in the pathogenesis and management of several cancers, including breast cancer, within a new frame of science defined oncobiotic. As regards breast cancer, microbiome seems to be relevant for at least five reasons: the impact of dysbiosis on immune competence [1], systemic inflammation [2], hormonal milieu through the so called “estrobolome” [3-5], the emotional balance (psychobiotic) [6] and breast tissue microbial composition [7]. In fact, several studies have shown that breast tissue has a distinct microbiome with particular species enriched, and somewhat related to the gut bacteria through a gut-breast axis [8-9]. The question remains whether the microbiome plays a causal role in breast carcinogenesis or is an epiphenomenon; accordingly, probiotic treatment may be protective against the incidence of cancer and at least some of cancer related side effects [10]. The microbiome can also interfere with pharmacodynamics and efficacy of some anticancer treatment protocols, including chemotherapy and immunotherapy [11-14]. In addition, achieving benefits in terms of QoL has become increasingly important in Research Article