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Strategies for Primary Health Care: An International Perspective: An Editorial Comment

Within this special edition of the journal a selection of Kellogg International Fellows present a view on issues in the development of primary health care provision on an international stage. A few editorial comments attempt to set the scene for these papers. The WHO/UNICEF Alma Ata Declaration on Primary Health Care (PHC) was formulated in 1978 (WHO, 1978) as a result of global concern for, and experience of, health and health care. The Declaration particularly highlights the importance of five underlying principles which enable international understanding of the evolved philosophy of PHC: equity the accessibility to, and appropriateness of, health care for those who need it; community involvement essential active participation by the community in their own health decisions toward the development of self reliance; focus on prevention preventive and promotive services (rather than curative services) as the central focus of health care; multi-sectoral approach collaboration between sectors who are responsible for the numerous environmental, economic and social factors influencing health; appropriate technology the health system utilising acceptable and relevant materials and methods. The PHC approach encapsulates these main