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Energy Storage System with Intelligent Hot-plug Switch (IHS) Combined Use of Different Types of Batteries

There are various types of used batteries recovered from electric and hybrid vehicles, such as lithium-ion (LiB) batteries, nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) batteries, and lead-acid batteries. These different types of batteries have different characteristics, such as storage capacity, charge/discharge voltage range, and operating temperature range, making it difficult to combine them in parallel in an energy storage system. However, by combining the features of batteries with different power and energy densities and temperature characteristics, the weaknesses of the energy storage system can be complemented to achieve operation suitable for a variety of applications. In this paper, the effectiveness of the proposed intelligent hot plug switch (IHS) is verified in a compact model of an energy storage system consisting of a new LiB with a new and a used MiMH batteries connected in parallel. As a result, the charging and discharging times were increased by 43 and 12 points in each by using IHS. Furthermore the current flowed into the LiB with high-energy density was suppressed by combining the NiMH with high power density.