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Histological and micrometric effects of diazinon exposure on adrenal medulla and cortex in mice

Histopathological effects of Diazinon (DZ) were studied on adrenal gland in virgin young female mice divided into five groups (10 animals each): (1) Control (untreated); (2) and (3) 9 and 18 mg kg−1 single exposure groups (given distilled water on day 1 and 2 and DZ on day 3); (4) and (5) 9 and 18 mg kg−1 multiple exposure groups (given respective DZ doses on days 1–3). All doses were applied by gavage. Animals were euthanized by cervical dislocation on day 6. Adrenals were removed surgically for histological and micrometric assessments of medulla and cortex. Histological examination of adrenal medulla revealed apoptotic changes and granular depletion in chromaffin cells while cortex gave impression of increased thickness of Zona Fasciculata following multiple DZ exposures. Mean cell sizes in cortical and medullary regions showed dose and exposure dependent significant decline. In conclusion, DZ exposure caused granular depletion in chromaffin cells indicating a rapid release of adrenaline and increased fascicular thickness indicating an anticipated shift from adrenal sex steroids to glucocorticoids biosynthesis and release. Apoptotic changes and significant decline in mean cell sizes of cortical and medullary regions were considered as the outcomes of oxidative and biosynthetic stresses of DZ exposure.