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Design and thermal-hydraulic optimization of a shell and tube heat exchanger using bees algorithm

The present study modifies the structural design of a shell-and-tube heat
 exchanger (STHE) by considering two key parameters such as the maximization
 of the overall heat transfer coefficient and minimization of the total
 pressure drop. Five geometric design variables which include the tube inside
 diameter, tube outside diameter, pitch size, baffle spacing, and the tube
 length are investigated for optimization. The governing equations for design
 and optimization of the STHE are evaluated; and the optimum design
 parameters are obtained by Bees Algorithm (BA). The selection of the
 important design parameters to achieve the proper design is evaluated by
 fixing each of these parameters, while the other the design parameters are
 selected as variable to optimize the effectiveness. Compared with the
 original STHE, the overall heat transfer coefficient is increased by 22.78 %
 with the minimum increase in the total pressure drop by 1.8%.