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The French System of Direct and Indirect Family Transfers and the Principles of Justice

This paper uses the theoretical framework proposed by the “post-welfarist” authors in order to highlight the principles of justice that underlie implicitly or explicitly the family benefits and direct income tax systems in France. Three principles are identified : the principle of the ability to contribute, the principle of compensation, and the principle of solidarity or guaranteed minimum resources. This approach is useful, in particular, to stress how socio-demographic and earned-income characteristics are taken into account in the French system of direct and indirect family transfers and the role of individual responsability in the minimum income schemes.