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The Development of Wire Rope: An Innovation in Marine Technology Reaches the Great Lakes

If necessity is the mother of invention, then innovation is its step-child. In industry, technological innovation is the heart of efficiency, the process through which various tasks are made more productive and equipment is adapted or redesigned to meet new challenges and changing conditions. The commercial shipping industry on the Great Lakes constituted one area in which innovation was constantly applied and new technologies developed or adapted to fit local needs. An example of the latter is the introduction and use of wire rope, an innovation in marine technology that improved the efficiency and reliability of both sail and steam-powered vessels during the last half of the nineteenth century. 1 The wire rope used on the Great Lakes consisted of strands of heavy gauge steel wire twisted around an oiled hemp rope core. Later the hemp core was replaced by a smaller series of steel wire strands. This arrangement had stronger tensile strength per weight than hemp rope.