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MED15: a potential biomarker for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma?

The Mediator complex The Mediator complex is an essential component of the basal transcription machinery and directly involved in the regulation of specific gene expression [1]. This multiprotein complex contains 33 subunits in humans and based on structural and functional properties can be subdivided into four modules: head, middle, tail and kinase module. While subunits from the head and middle directly bind to the RNA polymerase II, the tail and kinase interact specifically with regulatory elements from several pathways or transcription factors. Thus, the Mediator serves as an integrative link between environment-dependent signaling and the transcription of specific genes [1]. Several studies discovered genetic alterations, abnormal expression profiles and activities of distinct Mediator subunits and its correlation with malignant properties in cancer cells [2]. Based on these findings it has been suggested that Mediator subunits might serve as novel diagnostic, prognostic and predictive markers as well as therapeutic targets for the treatment of different cancer types [2].