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Arthropod Galls Found on the Krakatau Islands and in Adjacent Areas of Indonesia, with Reference to Faunistic Disharmony between the Islands and the Whole of Indonesia

Up to 2000, a total of 147 sorts of arthropod gall were found on the Krakatau Islands and in adjacent areas since the world famous volcanic eruption in 1883. They were induced on at least 109 plant species belonging to 81 genera of 42 families and are listed in alphabetical order of host plant families, except one belonging to Pteridophyta. On the Krakataus, Docters van Leeuwen recorded 63 sorts of arthropod gall in 1919-1922. Thereafter, Yukawa and Partomihardjo collected 15 sorts in 1982 and 45 in 1991-1993, and Partomihardjo, Uechi, and Abe collected 22 in 2000. The cumulative number of different gall sorts found on the islands from 1982 to 2000 was 52, consisting of 31 insect and 21 eriophyoid galls, which is equivalent to 3.4% of 1536 sorts of arthropod galls recorded from Indonesia. We also refer to disharmony between galling-arthropod fauna of the Krakataus and that of the whole of Indonesia. During the surveys in 1991-1993 and 2000, we found 16 sorts of arthropod gall that are new to Indonesia. They are briefly described together with photographs and illustrations.