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Intonation Systems Across Varieties of English

This chapter focuses on the structure and systematicity underlying the expression of intonation in varieties of English. Phonologically, this involves tones and clusters of tones with associations to heads and edges of prosodic domains, functionally highlighting and delimiting units within these domains. Phonetically, it involves pitch and its acoustic correlate, in addition to other phonetic parameters that contribute towards structuring speech, such as duration and spectral quality. Both mainstream and non-mainstream varieties are considered, the latter often showing contact effects determining the presence or absence of lexical tone and lexical stress, as well as post-lexical structures that do not fit neatly into Jun’s (2006) head/edge-prominence dichotomy. The survey shows that an account of the intonation of ‘Englishes’ has to cover a broad range of typological phenomena and be flexible enough to capture properties of emerging varieties, some of which will be briefly discussed.