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A quantitative evaluation of a 1, a 4, a V and b 3 endometrial integrins of fertile and unexplained infertile women during the menstrual cycle. A ﬂow cytometric appraisal

The expression of integrin molecules a 1 b 1, a 4 b 1 and a V b 3 within endometrial tissue has been proposed as a marker of uterine receptivity during the implantation window. The present investigation examines by ﬂow cytometric analysis the concentrations of a 1, a 4, a V and b 3 integrin subunits in endometrial stromal (ESC) and epithelial cells (EEC) in two groups of women throughout the menstrual cycle: normal fertile women ( n (cid:74) 27) and women with unexplained infertility ( n (cid:74) 26). Integrin concentrations in endometrial cells were calculated in relative ﬂuorescence units against a negative cellular control. The assessment of integrin subunits detected the protein in ESC and EEC from the late proliferative to the late secretory phase. In both groups of women, the a 1 was the highest integrin expressed in ESC and EEC throughout the menstrual cycle. All women exhibited low concentrations of a 4-EEC at the time of the implantation window. Infertile women expressed lower concentrations of the a 4-ESC during the proliferative and early secretory phase while lower concentrations of the a 1-ESC were seen during the late secretory phase. Interestingly, the infertile women expressed lower concentrations of b 3-EEC in the early, mid-secretory and late secretory phases ( P < 0.05). Infertile women also expressed lower concentrations of a 1-EEC and a V-EEC during the late secretory phase ( P < 0.05). It can be concluded that the quantitative determination of b 3-EEC by ﬂow cytometry conﬁrmed its potential feature as a marker of endometrial receptivity at the time of the implantation window. In addition, the defective expression of the a 1-ESC found in the late secretory phase might be associated with the poor fertility outcome of women with unexplained infertility. The comparison of integrin concentrations in the endometria of fertile and infertile patients throughout the menstrual cycle was assessed by the non-parametric Mann–Whitney test. All data are presented as mean (cid:54) SEM. Statistical signiﬁcance was considered to be P (cid:44) 0.05.