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Editorial: investigating the association between sweetened beverages and risk of inflammatory bowel disease

Diet is widely thought to play a critical role in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Numerous studies have demon-strated associations between dietary macronutrients and risk of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). 1 Sugar and sugar-sweetened beverages have been identified as a potential risk factor for IBD, although evidence behind this relationship is mixed, 2 perhaps due to heterogeneity between exposure definitions across studies. Fu et al aimed to clarify the role of specific types of beverages on incident IBD in a prospective cohort of 121,490 participants from the UK Biobank. 3 Participants without IBD at enrollment, and who performed at least two 24- h dietary recalls during the 2009– 2012 dietary surveys, were followed from completion of first available 24- h questionnaire to date of incidence of outcome, death, loss to follow up or the end of follow- up (defined as latest time for available health data). Using Cox proportional hazard models, the authors estimated adjusted hazard ratios for risk of IBD for consumers of various sweetened beverage types when compared to non- consumers. The authors ascertained a total of 510 patients with IBD (143 CD and 367 UC). Consumption of > 1 unit/day of sugar- sweetened beverages was associated with an increased risk of IBD and CD when compared with non- consumers, although the trends for these re-lationships did not reach significance (HR [95% CI] for IBD: 1.51 [1.11– 2.05], p trend = 0.17; for CD: 2.05 [1.22– 3.46], p trend = 0.18). No association was seen between sugar- sweetened beverages and risk of UC, or between artificially sweetened beverages or natural juices and