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Highly Stretchable Conductor by Self-assembling and Mechanical Sintering of 2D Liquid Metal on 3D Polydopamine-modified Polyurethane sponge.

A highly stretchable conductor was fabricated through dip-coating a new liquid metal (LM) electric ink on a polydopamine (PDA) modified three-dimensional (3D) polyurethane sponge (PUS) followed by mechanical sintering. The LM was first sonicated to nanodroplets to reduce the consumption of LM and then modified by 3-mercaptopropionic acid (LMNPS-MPA) to improve the interfacial adhesion between LM and PUS. The denser and even distribution of LMNPS-MPA self-assembling on PDA treated PUS (PUS-PDA) was successfully prepared via hydrogen bonding interaction. Mechanical sintering of 3D PUS-PDA coated by 2D LM layer was then conducted to obtain a continuous conductive network. Comparing with the reported 3D conductors, the resulting PUS-PDA-LM composite conductor shows both high electrical conductivity (478 S cm-1) under a low LM consumption of 10 vol.% and excellent conductive stability with the relative resistance change ΔR/R0 of 2% at 50% strain under stretching deformation. The as prepared PUS-PDA-LM composites was then successfully applied as flexible and stretchable light-emitting diode (LED) arrays with excellent conductivity and conductive stability at different deformations. We believe that 3D stretchable PUS-PDA-LM conductor have many potential applications in flexible sensors, flexible circuits, rollable displays etc.