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A decisional process model for stewardship.

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), other federal agencies, state agencies, and the private sector pursuing environmental remediation programs are considering developing stewardship programs at contaminated sites that might not be remediated to the point of allowing unrestricted land use in the immediate future. Deciding to develop, implement, and monitor a stewardship program requires addressing the risks and costs inherent in such programs. A process that lays out the decision points and information and technology needs associated with these risks and costs would assist site managers, regulators, and members of the interested public in making decisions about full remediation versus stewardship programs and the management of such programs. Development of such a process is the subject of this report. The goals for development and use of this decisional process are twofold. The first goal is to help decision makers determine whether a stewardship program would be appropriate for a site and, if so, how to design it. The term ''decision makers'' is used in a very broad sense to include everyone with an interest in the site, even though they have varying degrees of authority and responsibility for decisions regarding the site. Site decision makers can include personnel responsible for sites, federal and state regulators, and interested members of the public. The second goal is to lower the risk and cost of stewardship programs by identifying the scientific and technological advances needed in risk assessment, costing, containment, monitoring, information management, land use controls, and organizational systems in order to manage safer and more cost-effective stewardship programs. This information may assist decision makers at the site and national level with stewardship decisions. The objective of the stewardship decisional model is to achieve the lowest risk and lowest cost strategy to address contaminated sites.