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The Effect of a High Fat/High Sugar Diet on Physical Activity in Female Mice: 1441 Board #94 June 2, 9: 00 AM - 10: 30 AM.

BACKGROUND: A growing body of literature suggests that dietary intake influences voluntary physical activity in both human and rodent models. It is known that caloric restriction leads to increases in activity; however, it is unknown if excessive caloric intake affects daily activity. Determining whether excessive caloric and decreased physical activity are causally linked would be the first step towards identifying a mechanism through which diet influences activity. PURPOSE: The overall purpose of this project was to determine the effect of diet type on voluntary wheel running in SENCAR female mice. METHODS: All procedures were approved by TAMU IACUC. SENCAR breeder pairs (Charles River) and offspring at 3 weeks of age were group housed and randomly assigned to one of three diet types: 1) control ad-lib (AL; 10% fat) diet (n=2); 2) diet restricted (DR; 12% kcal reduction from AL fed mice) (n=8); or 3) high fat (HFHS; 45% fat/10% fructose drinking water) fed diet (n=7). At 4 weeks of age, these mice were then provided running wheel access and daily speed, distance, and duration of activity were recorded until their termination at 20 weeks of age. Weekly food weights were also calculated to determine average daily caloric (kcal) intake. A two way ANOVA was employed to determine the effect of diet on activity with factors of time and diet. RESULTS: Overall, the HFHS mice consumed 18% more kcals per day than the control AL mice (25.9 ±1.0 and 21.2±1.3 kcals/day; p<0.0001). Over the 17-week period, there was a significant difference in the distance (p=0.01), duration (p=0.01), and speed (p=0.005) ran between the diet groups, with the HFHS fed mice displaying the lowest levels of daily running wheel activity. The HFHS mice ran 58% (±4.2%) and 44.7% (±5.2%) less distance than the AL and DR groups respectively, and this reduction was due to a decreased duration (p<0.001) without a change in activity speed (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Our data shows that excess caloric intake from HFHS feeding leads to a decrease in daily activity, with the decrease primarily caused by a reduced duration of activity. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: This project was funded by the US Army through the Department of Defense projects W81XWH-13-1-0278 (Fuchs-Young) and W81XWH-13-1-0279 (Lightfoot).