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Solar, Fuel Cell and Battery Based Hybrid Energy Solution for Residential Appliances

Hybrid renewable energy systems are the key alternative to resolve the burning issues of clean, reliable and uninterruptible supply of energy. The main challenges of the hybrid system are to control the switching among the sources according to the load demand. Therefore, solar, fuel cell, and battery based hybrid system is proposed in this paper for the uninterruptible supply of electricity to the household appliances. To meet the residential load demand, a photovoltaic (PV) array is designed utilizing fourteen solar modules along with 2kW fuel cell. To provide a backup for the proposed system, a 2944Ah battery is designed. Simulation results show that the proposed system performs well and it maintains a constant 24V with 41A current at the output of the solar array as well as for the fuel cell and battery. During the unavailability of solar energy, fuel cell takes care of the load. If the fuel cell fails to supply the load, the battery arrangement will provide backup for the entire system. Finally, an inverter with LC filter ensures the required ac power to the residential load appliances.