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Research on tolerance of forward-facing step on the leading edge of civil aircraft’s fixed wing

Eight different height-to-length ratio forward-facing steps are investigated in this paper to study the tolerance of steps on leading edge of the main wing of an aircraft during landing. Numerical simulation is applied to simulate the separation and subsequent vortex formation around a multi-element airfoil with various steps. Aerodynamic characteristics of different steps show that steps with H/L ratio less than 1/4 turn out to have less effect on aerodynamic performance of an aircraft. Inclined plane can be applied to the trailing edge of the slat during high lift devices design.