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Carbon nanotube network evolution during deformation of PVDF-MWNT nanocomposites

The emergence of novel electronic systems and their requirements have necessitated the evolution of new material classes. The traditional electronic semiconductors and components are shifting from silicon based substrates to polymers and other organic compounds. Sensor components are no exceptions, where compliant polymeric materials offer the possibility of flexible electronics. This paper examines the fabrication and characterization of piezoresistive nanocomposites for pressure sensing applications. The matrix material employed was Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF). The PVDF phase was reinforced with conductive particles, in order to form a conductive filler network throughout the nanocomposite. Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNT) were selected as conductive particles to form the networks. The composites were prepared by melt mixing the PVDF and conductive particles in compositions ranging from 0.25 to 10 wt% conductive particle in PVDF. The dielectric permittivity and electrical conductivity of the composites was characterized and the electrical percolation behavior of PVDF nanocomposites fitted to the statistical percolation model. Scanning electron was employed to understand the morphology of the filler networks in the PVDF nanocomposites. Quasi-static piezoresistance of the nanocomposites was characterized using a custom-built force-resistance measurement setup under compressive loading conditions.