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Solution-processed tBu4-ZnPc:C61 bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic cells

A bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic photovoltaic cell employing tetra-tert-butyl zinc phthalocyanine as electron donor and [6,6]-phenyl C61-buturic acid methyl ester as electron acceptor has been fabricated. The effect of TiOx cathode interlayer, the weight ratio of donor:acceptor in the photoactive layer, and the thermal annealing of photoactive layer on the performance of the cells were investigated. The results show that the insertion of TiOx layer leads to an increase in the photocurrent density of the cells by 11 times compared to those without cathode interlayer. Atomic force microscopy images reveal the formation of well-connected percolated pathways for each phase separated component (donor and acceptor) upon annealing of the film at 150 °C. An important aspect of the present BHJ photovoltaic cell is that it has been obtained by simple wet processes, and most of the fabrication steps have been carried out in ambient air without the use of a glove box.