{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.026727181038830056, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0015128593040847202, 'mean_word_length': 5.569536423841059, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
O‐GlcNAc Transferase is Required to Maintain Satellite Cell Viability

O‐GlcNAcylation is the addition and removal of UDP‐GlcNAc to proteins by O‐GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O‐GlcNAcase (OGA), respectively. This process functions as a nutrient sensing pathway because UDP‐GlcNAc, synthesized in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, fluctuates with nutrient levels available to the cell. Although previous studies have established the critical role of OGT in metabolism in a variety of cell types, the role of OGT in satellite cells (SCs) remains unknown. In this study, we generated SC‐specific OGT knock‐out (cKO) mice to investigate the functional role of OGT in SC homeostasis. Initially we subjected WT and cKO muscle to cardiotoxin‐induced injury to assess SC regenerative capacity during muscle regeneration. Compared to WT mice, the cKO mice experienced severely impaired regenerative myogenesis. To investigate whether OGT deficiency induced lack of regeneration was caused by changes in SC intrinsic properties, we traced SCs cycling and self‐renewal in vivo by monitoring the turnover rate of green fluorescent protein (GFP) intensity using a H2B‐GFP lineage tracing strategy. Flow cytometry analysis of the GFP labeling revealed that cKO SCs possessed a higher percentage of GFP‐retained subpopulation than WT SCs after a 10‐week chase period, indicating that SCs lacking OGT had impaired self‐renewal. We then assessed SC proliferative capacity in vitro using clone assay and observed SCs from cKO mice had significantly reduced clone size compared to their WT counterparts. Morphologically, cKO SCs exhibited larger cell size and increased complexity compared to WT SCs, suggesting the lack of proliferation may be caused by the impairment of SC's ability to divide. Taken together, our findings suggest that OGT, and thus O‐GlcNAc signaling, plays a critical role in SC self‐renewal, proliferation, and tissue repair through mediating nutrient sensitive cell division.