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Opportunistic Spectrum Access with Two Channel Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks

Efficient discovery and effective sharing of spectrum opportunities are the most challenging issues in a multi-channel cognitive radio network (CRN) with multiple secondary users (SUs). In this paper, we propose a novel spectrum sensing and access protocol in CRNs where SUs are allowed to sequentially sense two channels in a single time slot and are coordinated to access the potentially unused channels. The proposed protocol is formulated as a channel selection problem coupled with a channel assignment problem. We subsequently investigate the myopic sensing policy and propose a Markov chain-based greedy channel assignment scheme (MCGA) to maximize the expected total SU throughput. Moreover, we extend our proposal to the scenario with imperfect spectrum sensing and obtain the optimal sensing time to enhance the performance improvement by considering spectrum sensing and spectrum access in a joint manner. Finally, we evaluate the performance of our proposal in a saturated network. Numerical and simulation results demonstrate that compared to the existing work, our approach can achieve significant performance improvements in SU throughput.