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Independent vs. joint estimation in multi-agent iterative learning control

This paper studies iterative learning control (ILC) in a multi-agent framework, wherein a group of agents simultaneously and repeatedly perform the same task. The agents improve their performance by using the knowledge gained from previous executions. Assuming similarity between the agents, we investigate whether exchanging information between the agents improves an individual's learning performance. That is, does an individual agent benefit from the experience of the other agents? We consider the multi-agent iterative learning problem as a two-step process of: first, estimating the repetitive disturbance of each agent; and second, correcting for it. We present a comparison of an agent's disturbance estimate in the case of (I) independent estimation, where each agent has access only to its own measurement, and (II) joint estimation, where information of all agents is globally accessible. We analytically derive an upper bound of the performance improvement due to joint estimation. Results are obtained for two limiting cases: (i) pure process noise, and (ii) pure measurement noise. The benefits of information sharing are negligible in (i). For (ii), a performance improvement is observed when a high similarity between the agents is guaranteed.