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Modelling of 2D Photonic Crystals with Liquid Crystal Infilling

This paper presents 2D finite difference time domain (FDTD) and finite element (FE) modeling of liquid crystal (LC) devices. The enhancements to standard FDTD required for fully non-diagonal tensor materials such as LCs are outlined and they have been implemented in an in-house code. The results have been validated against a commercial FE package and good agreement is observed. The codes are then used to study in-filling of photonic crystal devices, in particular a benchmark structure being used a part of the COST P11 activity is used. Results are shown for transmission through the device and the effects of LC in-filling and director field rotation are seen