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[Nosocomial bacterial infection in comprehensive intensive care unit].

OBJECTIVE
To establish the prevalence of nosocomial bacterial infection and changes in resistance in a comprehensive intensive care unit.


METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed all the bacterial isolates of ICU, PUMC Hospital from 1989 to 1994, such as the species and resistance pattern.


RESULTS
Among all bacterial isolates, the percentage of Gram-positive cocci steadily increased (16% in 1989, 33% in 1994), while that of Gram-negative bacilli decreased (84% in 1989, 67% in 1994). The most prevalent isolates of Gram-negative pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumanii, inducible Enterobacteriaceae and Xanthomonas maltophilia, with imipenem and amikacin as the most susceptible antibiotics. Enterococci, oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis and oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 44%, 21% and 10%, respectively. The resistant rate of these three Gram-positive bacteria to vancomycin were 19%, 0% and 0%.


CONCLUSION
Understanding of the epidemiological data and changes of bacterial resistance profile is prerequisite to rational use of antibiotics, which is crucial to reducing the resistance of nosocomial infection pathogens.