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Novel Contamination and Gas Sensor Materials from Amphiphilic Polymer-Grafted Carbon Black

The responses of electric resistance of composites prepared from amphiphilic polymer-grafted carbon blacks to contamination in solution and solvent vapor were investigated. The electric resistance of the composite prepared from poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)-grafted carbon black drastically increased when the composite was dipped in n-hexane containing contamination, such as methanol, THF, dioctyl phthalate, and chloroform, and returned to the initial resistance when it was transferred to dry air. The logarithm of the electric resistance of the composite was linearly proportional to chloroform concentration in n-hexane. The electric resistance of the composite drastically increased in organic polar solvent vapor, such as methanol, THF, and chloroform and returned to the initial resistance when it was transferred to dry air. But the response to non-polar solvent vapor, such as n-hexane, was very small. The logarithm of electric resistance of the composite was linearly proportional to humidity. In addition, electric resistance of the composite prepared from poly(diethylacrylamide) (PDEAA)-grafted carbon black also drastically increased when the composite was dipped in n-hexane containing contamination, such as methanol, trichloroethane, THF, chloroform, and benzene, and returned to the initial resistance when it was transferred to dry air. Based on the results, it was found that the composites could be used as a novel contamination sensor in n-hexane and gas sensor.