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The influence of the cooling conditions and inclination of surfaces obtained by 3D printing on the roughness parameters

A characteristic of the evolution of manufacturing processes in recent years is the expansion of technologies based on additive manufacturing, especially in the case of parts made of plastic materials. One of the accessible processes for making plastic parts is fused filament fabrication. In many situations, when using fused filament fabrication, it is necessary to obtain surfaces characterized by certain values of roughness parameters. Several factors can influence surface roughness. Some of these factors consider the materialization conditions of the 3D printing process. Starting from the hypothesis that the cooling conditions and the surface position can influence the roughness parameters values, experimental tests were carried out by modifying the values of the two factors. The experimental results were mathematically processed, and power function type mathematical models were determined for the roughness parameters Rz, Rt, Rp, Ra, Rq, Rc. These models provide information on the direction of action, the intensity of the influence exerted by the cooling conditions, and the angle of inclination of the test sample surface on the values of the mentioned roughness parameters.