{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.025578562728380026, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0036540803897685747, 'mean_word_length': 5.180451127819549, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
A continuous analysis of the oscillation amplitude in MOS LC-VCOs

In this paper, a closed-form expression for oscillation amplitude in source-tailed MOS LC-VCOs versus the oscillator bias current and LC-tank resistive losses is proposed. The developed analysis is based on the utilization of analog saturation functions to provide a continuous equation among the oscillator's current-limited and voltage-limited regimes, which takes also into account the oscillation start-up condition. Quantitative predictions from the derived equation are in good agreement with Spectre simulations results from a 0.25-µm technology LC-VCO circuit. This expression can be used in an equation-based algorithm serving to control the amplitude and to optimize the phase noise versus frequency setting in switched-resonator based LC-VCOs.