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Cadmium Dolomite and the System CdCO3-MgCO3

The binary join CdCO3-MgCO3 has been investigated in the temperature range 400° to 850° C and at 10 kbar total pressure in order to obtain additional insight into the CaCO3-MgCO3 system, and in particular the thermal behavior of dolomite. Equilibrium solid-state reaction between CdCO3 and MgCO3 occurs readily, in the presence of Li2CO3 as a flux, at temperatures down to approximately 400° C. The compound CdMg(CO3)2, or cadmium dolomite, is produced in the central region of the system. The large difference in X-ray scattering factors of Cd and Mg makes the X-ray reflections that result from the ordering of these cations in alternating layers relatively strong, and the relation of degree of order to temperature is easily observed in powder-diffraction patterns. CdMg(CO3)2 undergoes a reversible disordering-transformation beginning at approximately 675° C and complete (to a calcite-like structure) at approximately 825° C. Complete solid solubility exists in the system at temperatures above 850° C, and exsolution curves are delineated on either side of the Cd-dolomite composition. In the Mg-rich side of the system, the two-phase region rises to 850° C at approximately Cd3Mg7, and in the Cd-rich side to 685° C at approximately Cd6Mg4. The composition-temperature region in which cation order exists is denned; for example, at 700° C some order is still observed in Cd-dolomite with 10% excess CdCO3. Although the Cd equivalent of aragonite was not observed, this system seems to be an excellent model of the CaCO3-MgCO3 system.