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Do febrile seizures improve memory?

In this issue of Neurology , Chang et al.1 present a population-based study on the effects of febrile seizures on working memory, and find that school-aged children with febrile seizures performed significantly better than randomly selected, population-based control subjects. However, children with the onset of febrile seizures before the age of 1 year had deficits in learning, consolidation, and delayed recognition.

This article extends prior work on this cohort,2 which found that these school-aged children, except for those with seizure onset under 1 year of age, performed better than population-based control subjects on measures of intelligence and academic achievement. The new results published in the current article are of particular interest because they focus specifically on learning and memory aspects, which require an intact hippocampus. In both humans3,4⇓ and immature animal models,5,6⇓ prolonged febrile seizures have been associated with acute hippocampal injury. Furthermore, a history of prolonged febrile seizures is commonly elicited in individuals with a specific pattern …