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How much large scale crop residue burning affect the air quality in Delhi?

Elevated PM2.5 concentrations frequently cause severe air pollution events in Delhi. Till recently, the effect of crop-residue burning on air quality in Delhi has not been fully quantified and approach to control the impact of fire emissions have not been effective. In this study, for the first time, we quantified the state-wise contribution of post-monsoon crop-residue burning in the north-western states of India to surface PM2.5 concentrations in Delhi using several sensitivity experiments with WRF-Chem and FINNv1.5 fire emission inventory. Results were evaluated with the ground-based observations in Delhi (21-stations), Punjab and Haryana (14-stations). On average, ~20% of PM2.5 concentration in Delhi during the post-monsoon season (October-November) is found to be contributed from the non-local fire emissions. However, on typical air pollution events fire-emissions contribute as high as 50-75% (80-120µg/m3) to PM2.5 in Delhi highlighting the importance of both external transport and local emissions to PM2.5 pollution in Delhi.