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Measurement of the proton-air inelastic cross section at s ≈ 2 TeV from the EAS-TOP experiment

The proton-air inelastic cross section (σ inel p-air ) is measured at √s ≈ 2 TeV at the EAS-TOP extensive air shower experiment by studying the absorption length of cosmic ray proton primaries cascades reaching the maximum development at the observation level. Primary energies, in the region E 0 = (1.5 ÷ 2.5) · 10 15 eV, are selected through the EAS muon number (N μ ), and proton originated cascades at maximum development are selected by means of the shower size (N e ). The observed absorption length (λ obs ) is a convolution of the proton-air interaction length (λ P-air ) and of the shower and detector fluctuations. The conversion factor k = λ obs /λ int is obtained by means of simulations performed with the CORSIKA code and the QGSJET II and SIBYLL interaction models. The obtained value of the p-air inelastic cross section at √s ≈ 2 TeV is σ inel p-air = 338 ± 21(stat) ± 19(syst) - 28(syst) mb. The statistical and systematic uncertainties, as well as the relationships with the pp (pp) total cross section measurements are discussed.