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[Malaria situation in the People's Republic of China in 2013].

OBJECTIVE
To analyze the malaria situation and epidemic characteristics in 2013 in China, and provide evidence for implementing the National Malaria Elimination Program (NMEP).


METHODS
The epidemiological data of malaria cases reported through the annual malaria statistics reporting system in 2013 were collected, and analyzed by using Microsoft Excel 2010 and ArcGIS 10.0.


RESULTS
A total of 4128 malaria cases were reported from 605 counties of 31 Provinces/Municipalities/Autonomous Regions (P/M/A) in 2013, representing 51.9% increase compared with 2718 cases in 2012, and the annual incidence was 0.0305/10,000. The cases were mainly reported from Guangxi (30.3%, 1251/4128), Yunnan (14.0%, 576/4128), Jiangsu (8.3%, 341/4128), Sichuan (5.8%, 238/4128), and Zhejiang (5.0%, 208/4128). The laboratory confirmed cases took 99.0% (4087/4128) while the other 1.0% (41/4128) were clinically diagnosed. Among the laboratory confirmed cases, 22.8% (930/4087) were vivax malaria cases, 71.2% (2908/4087) were falciparum malaria cases, 1.2% (51/4087) were quartan malaria cases, 3.3% (133/4087) were ovale malaria cases, and 1.6% (65/4087) were mixed infection cases. A total of 48 (1.2%, 48/4128) indigenous cases were reported from 12 counties in 3 provinces including 10 counties of Yunnan, 1 county of Tibet, and 1 county of Anhui. The indigenous falciparum malaria cases were reported in Cangyuan (4), Ruili (1), and Yingjiang (1) of Yunnan Province. The incidence of indigenous cases between 1/10,000 and 10/10,000 was found only in Motuo County of Tibet. Out of the 4128 malaria cases, a proportion of 97.9% (4042/4128) were reported as the abroad-imported cases who distributed in 30 provinces, and the remaining 0.9% (38/4128) were domestically-mobile cases reported from 9 provinces. Totally 156 (37.8%, 156/4128) severe cases were reported from 16 provinces and 23 (0.6%, 23/4128) malaria deaths were from 14 provinces. The monitoring and evaluation result of "1-3-7" indicators demonstrated that the proportion of cases reported within 1 day and investigated within 3 days after diagnosis was 100.0% and 96.1%, respectively, and the number of malaria foci disposed within 7 days were 1678.


CONCLUSION
NMEP have yielded remarkable achievements in 2013, while the abroad-imported cases have increased significantly. The border areas of Yunnan and Motuo County of Tibet are still the key areas for malaria elimination in China. At the same time, domestically-mobile cases should be further managed.