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Pituitary adenoma: diagnosis and management.

This article is a review and update on pituitary adenomas and their effects on the visual system. Current diagnostic characteristics and tests of importance to the optometrist are highlighted. Major clinical manifestations of pituitary adenomas during various parts of the visual examination are discussed. Neuroradiologic testing and treatment modalities are also briefly covered. Finally, a case report illustrates how routine optometric care can lead to diagnosis of pituitary adenoma in a visually asymptomatic patient. This case underscores the importance of investigating every case of unexplained vision loss.