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Antioxidant action of Vaccinium myrtillus L.

Vaccinium myrtillus L. is a well‐known bilberry shrub belonging to the Ericaceae family. It has been reported to have multiple pharmacological activities from its anthocyanosidic fraction: ophthalmic, vasoprotective, antiinflammatory, wound‐healing, antiulcer and antiatherosclerosis. It is to be expected that several activities might be related to a possible antioxidant action from anthocyanosides. An anthocyanoside complex extract from Vaccinium myrtillus was tested for its ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation and to scavenge hydroxyl and superoxide radicals. An antiperoxidative action of this V. myrtillus extract was assayed by the Fe3+‐ADP/NADPH method in rat liver microsomes. Interaction of this anthocyanoside extract with hydroxyl radicals was evaluated in the Fe3+‐EDTA‐H2O2 deoxyribose system. The superoxide scavenging action of this plant extract was established according to the reaction of phenazine methasulphate in the presence of NADH and molecular oxygen. The anthocyanoside complex extract was able to inhibit lipid peroxidation (IC50 = 50.28 μg/mL) and to scavenge superoxide anion (IC50 < 25 μg/mL). The ability to remove hydroxyl radical exerted by this extract was detectable from 50 μg/mL of extract in the reaction mixture. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.