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Insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrate‐1 in rat retinae

Insulin receptor substrate‐1 (IRS‐1) is a major cytosolic substrate of the insulin receptor. Expression of insulin receptor and IRS‐1, and the distribution of these components of the insulin‐signalling pathway, were investigated in rat retinae. Insulin receptor and IRS‐1 were located in retinal sections with anti‐insulin receptor and anti‐IRS‐1 antibodies. Reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) of retinal mRNA was performed with primers specific for insulin receptor and IRS‐1 gene sequences. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated distinct but closely associated staining patterns for insulin receptor and IRS‐1 throughout rat retinae. The RT‐PCR product from rat retinal insulin receptor mRNA corresponded to the high affinity insulin receptor isoform. The RT‐PCR product for retinal IRS‐1 mRNA agreed with that predicted from the gene sequence. The expression of IRS‐1 and insulin receptors indicates a signalling mechanism by which insulin can influence retinal metabolism or function.