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Application in children of a new method for the measurement of forces from the lips on the teeth.

Pressure from the lips on the teeth was measured with an extraoral pressure transducer incorporated in a water-filled system with an intraoral mouthpiece at the position where the lip pressure was recorded. The lip pressure was measured in the midline of the upper and lower dental arches and in the space between the upper right cuspid and first premolar.

Simultaneous recordings of lip pressure and electromyographic lip muscle activity were made in 27 children with a normal incisor relationship when their lips were in the rest position and during chewing and swallowing.

Both the lip pressure and the muscle activity showed great interindividual variations. The median rest lip pressure varied between 3 and 11 g/cm2 and, unlike the lip pressure during chewing and swallowing, was not correlated with the electromyographic activity of the lips.

The lip pressures at rest and during chewing and swallowing appear to be of different character, the former being dependent on lip tonicity, the latter on muscle activity. The lip pressures in chewing and swallowing were correlated with the morphology of the dentition, and this was considered to be an adaptative behaviour.