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Effects of retinoic acid and bromodeoxyuridine on human melanoma-associated antigen expression in small cell lung carcinoma cells.

The dispersed neuroendocrine system includes cells with different embryological derivations, sharing a common neuroendocrine (NE) program, as indicated by the expression of NE markers, some of which are shared antigenic determinants. We report here that the small cell lung carcinoma cells NCI-H69 express the two human melanoma-associated antigens (HMAA) NGA/LS62 an LS109. Incubation of NCI-H69 cells with maturational inducers, such as retinoic acid and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), upregulated the expression of both HMAA. Exposure to BrdU for 4 weeks induced the appearance of a different phenotype in subpopulations of NCI-H69 cells, which became epithelioid, substrate-adherent, grew in monolayer and continued to express NE-associated antigens in variable amount. The shift in phenotype was not reversible after BrdU withdrawal and was maintained for at least 6 months in continuous culture. The substrate adhesion of NCI-H69 cells was paralleled by a change in NGA glycosylation pattern, thus suggesting a possible functional role for NGA in cell substrate adhesion/recognition.