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Contributions to the Ontological Foundation of Knowledge Modelling

In the present paper we make some contributions to the emerging eld of so-called ontological engineering. In detail, we discuss the principles underlying knowledge acquisition from an axiomaticdeductive point of view. Then we turn to the notion of an ontology and the connection between ontology and knowledge systems. An ontology comprises ontologically basic relations such as membership, part-whole and inherence. The ontological basic entities are divided into Urelemente and sets, the Urelemente are in turn either individuals or universals. Foremost among the individuals are substances, moments and situations. We outline a knowledge modelling language called GOL, for (General Ontological Language), and we compare it to other languages of this sort.