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Repassivation of a high chromium stainless steel orthopaedic alloy.

The repassivation of Ortron90, a high chromium stainless steel alloy, was studied to assess the effect of passive layer removal on corrosion levels. Cathodic dissolution of the passive layer followed by potentiostatic experiments within the passive region were employed to study the repassivation process. The scratch method, carried out for comparison purposes, yielded current densities similar to those obtained by cathodic dissolution. The detailed analysis of the slopes of plots of log I/log t indicated that the repassivation did not follow any of the existing growth models. It also suggested that the slope depended on the extent of repassivation and reached a minimum when three to five monolayers of oxide were completed. The virtual potentiodynamic plots suggested the presence of some form of protective layer within 5-10 seconds and the change in open circuit potential vs time indicated that the passive layer present after 10 seconds of repassivation continued to evolve for about 1000 to 1500 seconds possibly representing a transition between two different forms such as oxide and a oxyhydroxides. Estimation of the effect of localized removal of passive layer on the corrosion indicated a dramatic increase in local corrosion density. These results show that a fast repassivation rate is an important requirement for biocompatibility of alloys used to manufacture dental and orthopaedic devices.