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To study the resource management behaviour of pomegranate growers in respect of planning, procurement and utilization

The study entitled “Resource management behaviour of pomegranate growers in Washim District”. The study was conducted in two panchayat samities of Washim district in Vidarbha region of Maharashtra State. The district is located in the Vidarbha Region of Maharashtra, India. The present study was purposively conducted in Mangarulpir and Manora Panchayat samities in the Washim district on the basis of higher area under the cultivation of Pomegranate crop. The form of study was mainly to assess resource management behaviours of pomegranate growers. Hence, total 12 villages were selected from 2 panchayat samities. The respondents were selected from village by random sampling technique. 10 respondents were selected from each village. Thus 120 respondents were selected for the present study for making the sample size of 120 in total. exploratory design of social research was used. The characteristics viz Education (0.233) source of information (0.229), were positively significant with procurement of resources of the respondents at 0.05% level of probability. The characteristics Land holding and irrigation facility were non significant and the characteristics Age (-0.312) was negatively significant with the procurement of resource of the respondents. Experience in pomegranate cultivation (0.226), Training received (0.189), Management orientation (0.187), Education and annual income (0.182), size of orchard (0.180) and source of information (0.179), were positively significant with Utilization of resources of the respondents at 0.05% level of probability. It is observed that over half of majority (60.00%) of pomegranate growers have shown about managing the resources to moderate extent. Distribution pertaining to utilization of resources indicate that majority of the respondents (79.16%) have utilized resources for pomegranate cultivation to high extent.


Introduction
Horticulture is a specialized branch of agriculture and significantly constitutes in the total agricultural production in India. Horticultural crops particularly fruits, have great export potential and can earn foreign exchange in the sizeable quantum. The economic aspects of fruit production are not less important. The well established and maintained orchards can offer better yields as compared to other orchids. During non bearing stage, it is possible to grow intercrop which compensate the expenses involve in establishment a fruit grower remains engaged for the whole year and there is an opportunity for full utilization of waste land in the arid and semi arid regions for getting higher income with minimum inputs. Fruit crops occupy an important place in the international trades. Fruits can earn handsome foreign exchange. Fruit orchard adds to the aesthetic beauty of the environment, they purify the air and decrease pollution. Fruit trees affect the rain and drought and they bring improvement of soil and help in checking the soil erosion. Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) belongs to family Punnnicaceae is one of the most favorite's fruits of tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. It is also known as Chinese apple or apple of Carthage (Hindi-Anar) Pomegranate is native to Iran (Persia) it is found from Kanyakumari to Kashmir, but It is cultivated commercially only in Maharashtra In India pomegranate is considered as a crop of the arid and semi arid regions because it withstands different soil and climatic stresses. It thrives best under hot dry summer and cold winter provided irrigation facilities are available.
The fruit is native of Ireland is extensively cultivated in Mediterranean countries like Spain, Egypt, Iran, Burma, Guinea and India. Pomegranate is grown in tropical and sub tropical regions of the World. In Washim District area under pomegranate cultivation is more than 800 ha and among all Tahsil more area in Mangrulpir and Manora Tahsil

Objectives
The study was highly helpful to policy makers, research scientist and extension workers to formulate the strategy to increase socio economic condition of pomegranate growers. This study will reveal current status of knowledge and extent of adoption of improved pomegranate cultivation practices by the farmers. The present study entitled "Resource management behaviour of pomegranate growers in Washim District" is undertaken with the following specific objectives. To study the resource management behaviour of pomegranate growers in respect of planning, procurement and utilization.

Methodology
The study entitled Resource management behaviour of pomegranate growers in Washim District" was conducted in two panchayat samities of Washim district in Vidarbha region of Maharashtra State. The district is located in the Vidarbha Region of Maharashtra, India. The present study was purposively conducted in Mangarulpir and Manora Panchayat samities in the Washim district on the basis of higher area under the cultivation of Pomegranate crop. The form of present study was mainly to assess resource management behaviours of pomegranate growers. Hence, total 12 villages were selected from 2 panchayat samities. The respondents were selected from village by random sampling technique. 10 respondents were selected from each village. Thus 120 respondents were selected for the present study for making the sample size of 120 in total. The exploratory design of social research was used in present investigation.

Resource management behavior
Various resources necessary for cultivation of pomegranate namely inputs, pre-requisites, capital, procurement resources and Utilization of resources were studied in respect of all the dimensions mentioned above, In other words a focused of the study was on how the pomegranate growers had planned, procured, and utilized resources required for pomegranate cultivation. The data collected on this aspects have been presented on subsequent heads.  It is apparently from Table 4 that half of the respondent (50.00%) of pomegranate growers planned moderately the resources where as few of them planned at low (31.66%) and high level (18.34%) their resources. It could thus be inferred that majority of the respondents planned their resources moderately. Majority of the respondents were having partial availability of pomegranate guard (100.00%) capital (90.83%), manures (86.66%) and marketing facility (81.66%) and nearly two third of the respondents (80.00%) having partially availability of tractor and transportation facility. Majority of the respondents had not procured resources like land and electric motor wire (100.00%) because they have already available this resource and there is no availability pomegranate processing industries that's why (100.00%) not procured and most of the respondents well (96.66%) and bullock pair (89.16%) not procured because of they have already available with them. About two third of the respondents not procured water harvester (70.83%).

Place of resources
It is observed from table 7 Majority of the respondents were having availability of the resources on actual field were bullock pairs, labours, well / tube-well and electricity (100.00%), pump set and transporting facility (81.66%), manures (78.33%) less numbers of respondents having water harvester (29.16%), tractor (20.00%), drip set (10.00%) available on actual field. Only (11.16%) of the respondents procured varieties of the planting from government. Majority of the respondents were procuring the resources from the market on the basis of their availability in market, were electric motor / wire, fertilizer, Bordeaux paste, insecticide / fungicide, growth hormones, micro nutrients, sprayer / duster, implements for intercultural operation, marketing facility, pomegranate guard and technology for taking pomegranate in first year of plantation (100.00%) and varieties of planting (88.33%), tractor (80.00%),drip set (90.00%) also on the basis of availability they procured from market. Availability pomegranate processing industry 00 00.00 00 00.00 00 00.00 120 100 23 Pomegranate guard 00 00.00 00 00.00 120 100 00 00.00 24 Technology for taking pomegranate in first year of plantation 00 00.00 00 00.00 120 100 00 00.00 Majority of the respondents not availability of implements for pomegranate fruit harvesting and no processing industries (100.00%) and (70.84%) respondents having no availability of water harvester.
Besides conducting study of procurement for various resources, level of procurement as a whole for the resources were worked out and presented in table 8. It is obvious from table 9 that more than half (58.33%) majority of pomegranate growers procured resources moderately however, the remaining about nearly equal per cent of them found to be in a high (23.33%) and low (18.34%) category of procurement of resources.

Utilization of resources
Third dimension of resource management behaviour of pomegranate growers included in the present investigation was utilization of resource.

Resource management behaviour level of respondents
Resource management behaviour of pomegranate growers was studied on three dimensions namely planning, procurement and utilization, summation of all these dimensions had indicated the overall Resource management behaviour.

Procurement of resources
a. Availability of resource: Equal majority of the respondents having completely available resources, followed by partial availability of resources and majority of the respondents not available of pomegranate processing industries and implements for pomegranate fruit harvesting. b. Quantity of resource: Majority of the respondents completely procured varieties of planting, and electricity (100.00%), followed by partial procurement in marketing facilities, (81.66%) Tractor and transportation facilities (80.00%) and majority of the respondents not procured resources like land and electric motor wire (100.00%). c. Time of resource: Majority of the respondents not procured resources like land, well, bore well, water harvester, implements for pomegranate fruit harvesting and pomegranate processing industries (100.00%). d. Place of resources: Less of the respondents having availability of the resources on actual field were bullock pairs, labours, well / tube-well and electricity (100.00%), followed by Majority of the respondents procured resources from market on the basis of their availability in market. e. Distribution of the respondents according to their procurement resources f. Indicate that more than half (58.33%) of pomegranate growers procured resources moderately.

Utilization of resources
Distribution pertaining to utilization of resources indicate that majority of the respondents (79.16%) have utilized resources for pomegranate cultivation to high extent.

Resource management behaviour level of respondents
It is observed that over half of majority (60.00%) of pomegranate growers have shown about managing the resources to moderate extent.

Implications
Majority of the of the respondents procure resources moderately, there is a wide scope to achieve higher level of procurement of resources it is necessary to involved farmers in a method demonstration of recent resources and technology for realization This is matter of concern to draw attention of various extension and developmental agencies for taking various programmes at gross root level Majority of the respondent manage the resources up to moderate extents resource management is prerequisite for planning procurement and use of any farm management inadequate resource certainly affect management They are required to the fully equipped with all resources therefore extension agency may organized demonstration and seminars so as to convince the farmer about important aspects of cultivation of pomegranate