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Independent Position Control of Two Magnetic Microrobots via Rotating Magnetic Field in Two Dimensions

This paper introduces new strategy for motion control of two spinning magnetic agents based on the magnetic-fluidic interactions. The approach relies on balance between magnetic attraction and hydrodynamic repulsion forces created by fluidic vortices around pairs of microagents, which allows the control on inter-agent pair heading and spacing. The proposed method only requires a single global input, i.e., frequency of the rotating magnetic field along with a small magnetic field gradient, to control the motion of two microagents and therefore is simple to implement. Detailed finite element analysis is performed to explore the system behaviour. Finally, as experimental demonstration, two microagents are maneuvered by a global magnetic field to be independently positioned in the plane of motion with average root mean square errors of 140 micrometers and 5.68 degrees in separation and pair heading angle states, respectively.