{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.02753623188405797, 'fraction_numerical': 0.014492753623188406, 'mean_word_length': 4.528, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
A quantum-well state at the Pd(110) surface

Energy versus momentum dispersion relations of Pd(110) along - K - X symmetry lines have been studied using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with synchrotron radiation. We have observed a peak near the Fermi level over the photon energy range of 17 - 80 eV. We present conclusive data that this peak is a quantum-well state, on this metallic surface, due to the difference in the potential barriers of the surface and bulk. This peak exhibits resonance in intensity with the photon energy, which is well explained by the surface quantum-well model. This is the first observation of electron confinement at the surface of a simple metal.