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Alerting System Assertiveness, Knowledge, and Over-Reliance

Alerting systems have become an integral part of many complex technical systems, including aircraft cockpits. A simulator study examined the potential benefits of presenting system failure information to pilots using several levels of alerting system knowledge and assertiveness. The results indicate that the subjects used the alerting system more as an attention-directing signal than as a diagnostic tool. The results also indicated that increasing usefulness of information to the subjects seemed to stop at a limited amount of information, and that additional information provided beyond that point may actually slow the decision making process. An over-reliance test suggests that when an alerting system gives erroneous information that conflicts with other cockpit indications, serious mistakes can be made and pilots may have trouble correctly resolving the conflicts.