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Antimicrobial and Genotoxicity Activities of Medicinal Plant Extracts in vitro

The effect of selected plant extracts on microbial growth and mutagenicity was evaluated in this study. The initial population of foodborne pathogens was approximately 5 log CFU/mL. The growth of selected pathogens was inhibited by the extracts in a concentration‐dependent manner. The bactericidal effect was observed against L. monocytogenes, S. aureus, and S. boydii at 100 mg/mL of the extract, showing more than 5 log reduction compared to the control. The mutagenic activity of the extracts was evaluated against frame‐shift mutants (TA98 and TA1537) and base‐pair substitution‐carrying mutants (TA100 and TA1535) of S. typhimurium with and without metabolic activation. The numbers of spontaneous revertant colonies were ranged from 16 to 110 for all test strains of TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535, and TA 1537 with and without S9, while those of mutagen‐induced revertants were ranged from 157 to 1410. No significant differences in the frequencies of revertants of S. typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535, and TA 1537 were observed at the different concentrations of the extract when compared to the negative controls, indicating that the extract is not mutagenic against all test strains in the absence and the presence of S9. The results imply that the medicinal plant extracts was not involved in the production of mutagenic metabolites and the secondary metabolites and released substances did not caused genotoxicity in vitro. The extract used in this study can be a promising additive for functional foods.