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The applications of diode and Er:YAG lasers in labial frenectomy in infant patients.

This paper describes a clinical case of labial frenectomy using different high power lasers: diode (810 nm) and Er:YAG (2940 nm). Considerations are made about specific indications, surgery techniques, and advantages of labial frenectomy using these laser wavelengths. The diode laser has high absorbance by pigmented tissues with hemoglobin, melanin, and collagen chromophores. For this reason, this wavelength is well indicated for surgery in soft tissue (vaporization, incision, coagulation, hemostasis). It is not properly absorbed, however, and should never be used in contact with hard tissues (bone). The Er:YAG laser has high absorbance to water and mineral apatite, making this wavelength useful and safe for the ablation of hard tissues. In the labial frenectomy clinical procedure, a combined technique is suggested: using the diode laser in soft tissues and the Er:YAG laser in periosteal bone tissues and for removal of final collagen fibers. It is important for the professional to understand the physical characteristics of the different laser wavelengths and their interaction with biological tissues to assure that they are used in a safe way, and that the benefits of this technology can be provided to infant patients.