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An agglutination-flocculation test for rapid detection of hepatitis B antigen.


 Evaluation of a simple, rapid, agglutination-flocculation test (AFT) for detection of hepatitis B antigen (HBAg) is described. The reaction involves simultaneous flocculation and agglutination of antigen by specific antibody in the presence of synthetic acrylic particles. The AFT is over 1000-fold more sensitive for detection of HBAg than conventional counterimmunoelectrophoresis and approximately 8-fold more sensitive than solid-phase radioimmunoassay. HBAg subtype differences can be determined readily in the AFT with antibody of appropriate specificity. On coded analysis of 149 clinical specimens, AFT reactivity was in 92 to 95% agreement with other HBAg methods. Approximately one-third of high titer rheumatoid sera produces an AFT reaction which could easily be distinguished with appropriate controls from a true positive.