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[Treatment results of radical prostatectomy in clinical stage B and C prostate cancer: comparison of the neoadjuvant therapy group versus the surgery group; retrospective analysis of 80 cases].

Between 1994 and 2001, 80 patients underwent radical prostatectomy without adjuvant therapy for clinical stage B and C prostate cancer. The patients were not treated with adjuvant therapy before biochemical prostate specific antigen (PSA) failure. Of all 80 patients, 35 patients (43.8%) received neoadjuvant hormonal therapy prior to radical prostatectomy (the neoadjuvant therapy group), 45 patients (56.2%) underwent prostatectomy alone (the surgery alone group). Retrospective analysis to evaluate the effects of neoadjuvant therapy was performed from clinicopathological findings and the biochemical PSA failure-free rate. Of all patients, 58 (72.5%) were in clinical stage B and 22 (27.5%) were in clinical stage C. Of 58 patients in clinical stage B, 19 (32.8%) underwent prostatectomy combined with neoadjuvant therapy. Of the 22 patients in clinical stage C, 17 (77.3%) underwent prostatectomy combined with neoadjuvant therapy. Pathologically, 37 (46.3%) were in stage B, 38 (47.5%) in stage C and 2 (2.5%) in stage D1. Three patients in the neoadjuvant therapy group had no malignant findings in specimens of prostatectomy. In comparison with the clinical stage, pathologically 8 (22.9%) showed overstaging, 4 (5.0%) understaging and 23 (28.8%) accurate staging in the neoadjuvant therapy group, respectively, 0 (0.0%), 20 (44.4%), and 25 (55.6%) in the surgery alone group. In clinical stage B and C, there was no significant difference in the biochemical PSA failure-free rate between the neoadjuvant therapy group and the surgery alone group. On the other hand, in pathological stages B, the 5-year PSA failure-free rate was 63.2% in the neoadjuvant therapy group, but 100% in the surgery alone group. Although neoadjuvant therapy may have some effect on downstaging, our retrospective analysis suggests that it has no significant effect on PSA failure-free rate.