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[Characteristics of manifestation of myocardial pathology at the cellular-molecular level under experimental conditions and in rheumatic heart diseases].

By applying the microelectrode technique the character of membranous potentials of pathologically changed cells of the myocardium in experiments and in rheumatic disease was studied. Experimental investigations were carried out on an original model of tonsillogenic myocardiodystrophy reproduced in rabbits through a prolonged mechanical stimulation of receptors in the peritonsillar region. The iono-molecular disturbances in the myocardial cells manifested themselves in reduced duration of the action potential, of its refractory period and in the decreased rate of the excitation conduction along the myocardium. The educed changes in the electrical activity of the myocardium cells depend upon the deranged work of slow sodium-calcium pumps associated with the sarcoplasmatic reticulum and testify to deviation, to a certain extent, from the normal of all the myocardium functions, viz. conduction excitability and contractility. The similar nature of electrophysiological changes in the myocardium cells in experiments and in rheumatic disease are a proof of the unity of pathogenetic mechanisms of cardiac lesions at the cellular-molecular level.