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[Risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus among the re-birth pregnant women in Xiamen City in 2015-2016].

OBJECTIVE
To discuss the risk factors of the gestational diabetes mellitus( GDM) among the re-birth pregnant women.


METHODS
A total of 393 pregnant women with GDM were collected randomly according to the number of the antenatal care manual in the Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Xiamen City. Meanwhile, 393 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance were chosen to be the control group matching withage of the GDM group. Their basic data would be analyzed, including the BMI before pregnancy, the degree of the education, the times of the abortion, the body weight gain during the pregnancy, their parental diabetes history, the birth weight of the last fetal, the history of GDM and so on. The two groups of people were re-birth pregnant women.


RESULTS
Single factor analysis showed that among the GDM group, the total body weight gain before the 24 th week( 9. 11 ± 3. 09) kg and the proportion of their mothers with the DM( 64/393) were both higher than the control group( 7. 54 ± 2. 95) kg and( 38/393), however, the degree of the education was lower than the control group. Paired chi-square analysis showed that the history of macrosomia delivery( χ~2= 14. 297, P = 0. 001), the history of GDM( χ~2= 12. 938, P = 0. 001), and abortion history more than 2 times( χ~2=7. 078, P = 0. 010) were the risk factors of GDM for those women. Meanwhile, with the increasing of the fetal birth weight, the risk of being the GDM during the second pregnancy was also increasing. When the fetal birth weight reached 3. 8 kg, OR = 3. 467, the risk value reached a strong correlation. Multiple factors Logistic regression analysis showed those factors of GDM also had statistically significant differences, especially the bodyweight gain before the 24 th week over 10 kg played the most important role during the pregnancy( OR = 1. 875, P = 0. 001).


CONCLUSION
The risk factors of the GDM for the re-birth pregnant women concluded the history of GDM, the history of macrosomia, the times of the abortion over twice, the bodyweight gain before the 24 th week over 10 kg, the low degree of the education, the pregnant women 's mother had the DM. For those pregnant women with fetal birth weight above 3. 8 kg, they should be included in the high risk population of GDM during the next pregnancy.