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Callus induction from shoot apical meristem in Triticum spelta L. and T. aestivum L.

Aim. To develop an effective protocol for callus induction from shoot apical meristem in Triticum spelta L. and T. aestivum L. Methods. Plant material: spelt “Europe” and common wheat “Bunchuk”. For this research we used shoot apical meristems from 3-days plants. For callus induction we proposed 4 media with different concentration of 2,4-D, picloram, NAA and AgNO3. Explants were growing in dark during 21 day at + 25 C. Results. Calli were transparent and mild, less than 8 mm. For callus induction positive effect were shown on media with 2,4-D and picloram. At the same time, NAA was not such effective. Conclusions. In our research was shown, that the best media for spelt callus induction should have 2 mg/l 2,4-D and 10 mg/l AgNO3. 
Keywords: callusogenesis, spelt (Triticum spelta L.), common wheat, callus, shoot apical meristem.