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High-brightness flared lasers

A variety of applications continue to demand semiconductor lasers with higher brightness. These applications include printing, marking, frequency-doubling, sensing, and free-space communication, as well as pumps for fiber-amplifiers and solid-state laser crystals. The traditional narrow-stripe single-mode laser is limited in power to 200 - 400 mW due to the small mode volume and high optical intensity at the mirrors. The traditional broad-area laser can deliver higher power but with a significantly larger aperture-divergence product. The key to very high-brightness lasers is to increase the output power without increasing the aperture-divergence product. Numerous concepts have been proposed, of which several have been demonstrated. As of today, only two types of broad-area single-spatial-mode lasers are commercially available; flared-amplifier lasers and angled-grating distributed-feedback ((alpha) -DFB) lasers. Near-diffraction- limited powers of 5 W and 1.6 W have been reported for these lasers, respectively. This paper will review properties of flared-amplifier lasers in several different configurations.