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A mesoporous ErIII-MCM-41 catalyst for the cyanosilylation of aldehydes and ketones under solvent-free conditions.

To perform organic reactions without solvents is one of the most important challenges for organic chemists from both an economic and environmental standpoint because it would reduce environmental pollution and bring down handling costs owing to simplification of experimental procedures and workup techniques. Solvent-free reactions may be carried out by using the reactants alone or by incorporating them in clays, zeolites, silica, alumina or other matrices. Moreover, the development of active and environmentally friendly solid catalysts is also a priority with respect to green chemistry. Such catalysts offer several advantages such as good selectivity, easy separation and the possibility to be recovered and reused. In recent years, Er salts have been employed as efficient and non-toxic Lewis acid catalysts in several organic transformations. Among the plethora of lanthanide ions, Er is one of the most efficient Lewis acids in terms of the values of its hydrolysis constant (Kh) and water-exchange rate constants [6]