{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.02913135593220339, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 5.469178082191781, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Translation as Form of Cross-Cultural Communication

 The concept of translation has been considered as a social, philosophical and cultural phenomenon in the last few decades. Russian and foreign researchers treat the translation as “crossroads of cultures”, sciences and human morality, thus expressing its role in the process of intercultural communication. Translation is not a cultural phenomenon, but it “is culture” itself. The communication effect of translation is directly dependent on its main (communicative) function. On the other hand, translation has an aesthetic function of presenting and protecting nation’s culture in the text. The text of the translation, being a tool in the process of cross-cultural communication, at the same time turns out to be an element belonging to two systems simultaneously – the original culture and the culture of the recipient. The system of language and the system of culture reflect their functions in different ways. The aesthetic and semantic value of a literary work, its uniqueness and openness to interpretation as a fact of culture contradicts its communicative aim is to be understood by the recipient. Therefore, the article represents the views of researchers on the problem of translation as a unique phenomenon of cross-cultural communication, on such concepts as the adequacy and equivalence of translation. The purpose of translation is to create a text that can completely replace the original in the process of cross-language communication. As an example, the analysis of realia translation from P. P. Yershov's fairy tale "Konek-Gorbunok” (Humpbacked Horse) in German and English versions is introduced. Keywordstranslation; translation method; theory of translation; culture; adequacy; equivalence; intercultural communication; translation text; original text; recipient; communicative effect; transmitted information