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A Multi-resolution Training for Expression Recognition in the Wild (Discussion Paper)

Facial expressions play a fundamental role in human communication, and their study, which represents a multidisciplinary subject, embraces a great variety of research fields, e.g., from psychology to computer science, among others. Concerning Deep Learning, the recognition of facial expressions is a task named Facial Expression Recognition (FER). With such an objective, the goal of a learning model is to classify human emotions starting from a facial image of a given subject. Typically, face images are acquired by cameras that have, by nature, different characteristics, such as the output resolution. Moreover, other circumstances might involve cameras placed far from the observed scene, thus obtaining faces with very low resolutions. Therefore, since the FER task might involve analyzing face images that can be acquired with heterogeneous sources, it is plausible to expect that resolution plays a vital role. In such a context, we propose a multi-resolution training approach to solve the FER task. We ground our intuition on the observation that, often, face images are acquired at different resolutions. Thus, directly considering such property while training a model can help achieve higher performance on recognizing facial expressions. To our aim, we use a ResNet-like architecture, equipped with Squeeze-and-Excitation blocks, trained on the Affect-in-the-Wild 2 dataset. Not being available a test set, we conduct tests and model selection by employing the validation set only on which we achieve more than 90% accuracy on classifying the seven expressions that the dataset comprises. performance on FER by exploiting different architectures and learning paradigms. In such a context, we propose a multi-resolution approach to solve the FER task.