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Association of Interleukin-23R Gene Polymorphisms with Behcet’s Disease Susceptibility: A Meta-Analysis of Case-control Studies

ABSTRACT Background The pathological mechanisms associated with the occurrence and development of Behcet’s disease (BD) are not yet known. Two large genome-wide association surveys revealed an association between interleukin (IL)-23R single nucleotide polymorphism and BD. This study aimed to investigate the association between IL-23R gene polymorphisms and BD susceptibility. Methods Comprehensive literature search was performed across four online databases – PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of science. The included studies had to be published before May 15, 2019. The Newcastle–Ottawa scale was used to assess the quality of every included study, and pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using the allele model of inheritance to evaluate the potential associations between IL-23R gene polymorphisms and BD risk. Results In all, 12 case-control studies comprising 6,926 BD patients and 10,211 controls were identified and included in this meta-analysis, in which 5 loci of IL-23R gene polymorphisms were investigated. Of these 5 loci, 2 were found to be significantly associated with BD susceptibility: rs17375018 (G vs. A, OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.34–1.68, P < .00001) and rs924080 (T vs. C, OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.29–1.43, P < .00001). Only a systematic review was conducted for rs12119179, rs11209032, and rs12141431, owing to the lack of sufficient data. Conclusion This meta-analysis indicated that rs17375018 (G/A) and rs924080 (T/C) were associated with BD susceptibility. However, association of the other IL-23R polymorphisms could not be estimated owing to the lack of studies. Abbreviations BD: Behcet’s disease; SNP: single nucleotide polymorphism; HLA: human leukocyte antigen; IL: interleukin; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; HWE: Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium; UK: United Kingdom; NOS: Newcastle–Ottawa scale; GWAS: genome-wide association study; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α