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[Statistical study of probabilities of rectal palpation, total PSA, and PSA density in prostate cancer].

OBJECTIVE
To analyze the probabilities of total PSA, digital rectal examination (DRE) and PSA density in prostate cancer diagnosed by ultrasound-guided sextant prostate biopsy.


METHODS
The clinical records of 170 patients with elevated PSA levels and/or symptomatic BPH that had been referred to the outpatient services of the urology department were reviewed. Ultrasound-guided sextant prostate biopsy was performed in all patients. Serum PSA and PSA density were determined before biopsy. Age and DRE findings were also analyzed.


RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS
Statistical analysis showed a significant difference (p < 0.00001) for DRE, PSA and PSA density in relation to the prostate biopsy. Concerning the magnitude of the effect of DRE adjusted for age. PSA and PSA density determined by logistic regression analysis, a significance was found for DRE (odds ratio: 9.7) and PSA density > 0.5 (odds ratio: 11.3). DRE showed a sensitivity of 59%, a specificity of 89% and a positive predictive value of 88%.