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Ethnic and Cultural Aspects of Nationalism Transformation in the Context of Globalization: The Global Trends and Russian Specifics

Formation and development of nations is a historical process accompanied by the constant transformation of nationalist ideologies, which often represent a reaction to the processes of globalization. In the acceleration period of globalization processes, there deepens the ethno-cultural dimension of nationalistic ideologies, which determines the purpose and novelty of this study. The classical works of constructivists (E. Gellner, E. Hobsbawm, B. Anderson, etc.) and primordialists (A. Smith, etc.) provide the methodological basis for the study of transformation of nationalism and its ethno-cultural components in the context of globalization. Within the framework of the constructivist approach, nationalism can be interpreted in the spirit of the creation and development of modern civilized nations. Primordialism gives grounds to consider the nation through the prism of its ethnic roots and ethno-cultural features. The socio-philosophical approach of the Russian author Zh.T. Toshchenko, aimed at analyzing the ethnocratic aspects that form the essence of most nationalist ideologies, is methodologically significant for the study of Russian nationalism transformation specifics. The analysis of nationalism revealed that this phenomenon arises from the idea of creating and developing a modern nation and is closely related to the approaches of understanding and interpretation of this socio-political phenomenon. It is also impossible to separate it from the ethnic and cultural aspects in one form or another involved in the process of nation-building. The article reveals that there can be quite acceptable and even historically contingent forms of nationalism associated with its patriotic content, which, for example, can serve as a resource for mobilizing the population in acute international conflicts and large-scale wars.