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The Effect of Pre-Therapy Information on Learning in Psychotherapy.

The study was an attempt to investigate the effect on therapeutic change of providing a prior "organizing" structure or "set" to a therapy situation. Pre-therapy structure was defined as information provided to the individual before entering therapy. For the purposes of this study, information was restricted to the following two types: (1) an advance organizer. a cognitive structure (an individual's organizations stabilityj and clarity of knowl­ edge in a particular subject field) which enables an indi­ vidual correctly to anticipate and organize his experiences in therapy; and, (2) an expectation or set for the behavior that will take place during the therapy session— explaining the therapist's anticipated behavior and telling the patient how he is expected to behave. Studies in the past have shown that systematic preparation of patients for psychotherapy has a facilitating effect on therapy behavior and outcome. This study focused primarily on determining the differ­ ential effects of different kinds of preparation. In addition, there was an attempt to deal with certain important methodological considerations that had not been adequately handled by the previous studies in this area.