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Hemodynamic response to vasodilation and exercise in "critical" arterial stenosis. An experimental study in a canine model.

A canine hind-limb exercise model is described that permits study of pressure and flow changes through an area of arterial stenosis before, during, and after exercise. Following creation of a critical stenosis in the external iliac artery (50% reduction in flow), exercise alone resulted in an increase in flow over the stenosis related to the degree of exercise produced, accompanied by a widening of the arteriovenous oxygen difference and an increase in oxygen consumption. Infusion of an intra-arterial vasodilator (tolazoline hydrochloride) during the exercise period resulted in only a negligible change in flow over the stenosis, but a marked narrowing of the arteriovenous difference (30%) with a resulting reduction in limb oxygen consumption. These findings suggest that this intraarterial vasodilator opens arteriovenous shunts, apparently bypassing the capillary bed.