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The Writer as Nay sayer: Miroslav Krleža and the Aesthetic of Interwar Central Europe. By Ralph B. Bogert. UCLA Slavic Studies, Vol. 20. Columbus: Slavica Publishers, 1991. 266 pp. Index. $22.95, hard bound.

The survey of musical instruments from nineteenth and twentieth century sources presented in the third chapter, "Analysis and description," is of particular interest to performers. Traditional instrumental practice in Poland, particularly during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, is a subject of much interest among scholars of cultural and social history. The author concentrates on two general categories of instruments, idiophones and aerophones, and she presents an interesting array of photographs, watercolors and drawings. The musical examples are well suited to the range and character of melodies associated with the long flute, pipe (fujarka), horn, bagpipes (dudy and gajdy) and bound violin. Czekanowska identifies the social function of many of these instruments. Among the highly decorated rattles, clappers and bells, the bellscepter (marszelnik) played a significant role in the wedding festivities. Bull roarers and pipes were more closely associated with shepherding and other "magical" bells decorated the shawls of babies. In this section the author primarily draws upon the earlier work of Adolf Chybiriski, Lidia Gabafowna and Wlodzimierz Kamiriski, and the more recent studies of Ludwik Bielawski, Alojzy Kopoczek, William Noll and Jan Steszewski. The extensive bibliography includes books, articles and unpublished Ph.D. theses.