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A Hardware-Based Architecture-Neutral Framework for Real-Time IoT Workload Forensics

Beneath the potential benefits of the rapidly growing Internet of Things (IoT) technology lurk security risks. In this article, we propose a hardware-based generic framework for IoT workload forensics, an infrastructural technique to securely monitor and ensure delivered IoT services in accordance with specifications and regulatory compliance. In particular, this technique identifies digital workloads being executed in real time through dynamic program behavior modeling based on architecture-level data, fulfilled by dedicated machine learning hardware, without the intervention of high-level software, e.g., the OS and/or the hypervisor. In contrast to the conventional software-based solutions, whose effectiveness may be undermined by software attacks, and which introduce significant runtime overhead, a hardware-based framework enables a secure, prompt and non-intrusive solution. The proposed framework was evaluated on Zedboard, a Zynq-7000 FPGA embedding an ARM Cortex-A9 core. Experimental results using Mibench workload benchmark reveal an average workload identification accuracy of 96.37 percent with insignificant area/power overhead.