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Computational tool for the design of structures with built-in piezoelectric-based sensor networks

A computational tool has been developed to analyze structures with built-in piezoelectric-based sensor networks. The tool serves two purposes: to understand fundamentally the interaction not only between diagnostic wave and damages, but also between sensors/actuators and the host structures in ultrasonic frequency ranges; and to optimize the design of sensor networks for maximizing sensor sensitivity and energy efficiency. A spectral element approach was adopted in this study. The software includes an equation solver and an interface program to link with commercial pre/post-processing software. The elasto-dynamic equation solver based on the spectral element method and explicit time integration scheme was developed, which provided an excellent solution convergence in ultrasonic wave propagation problems. Furthermore, the solver included an algorithm to directly solve the coupled electro-mechanical field in piezoelectric materials. The interface programs linked to commercial finite element-based CAD/ CAE programs to grant access to the geometrical complexity of host structures and to facilitate understanding of the physical phenomena. This paper reports the efficiency and accuracy of the code comparing to the finite element method. The code was also verified by matching the numerical solution of the spectral element method with experimental data. Furthermore, the potential of this code to integrated with the diagnostic methods for damage detection will be examined.