{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.021668472372697724, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 6.0, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 1, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Tourette and Learning Impairments

This chapter describes disorders of motor control, language, and learning. Tics are sudden, stereotyped, repetitive, unwanted movements, and a severe form is called Tourette disorder. Their strong association with obsessional disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is described. Developmental coordination disorder is a group of problems suggesting immaturity in control, both of fine adjustments and of large movements of the limbs. Impairments of language development include receptive, expressive, and pragmatic problems, and can extend to signed language. Problems in learning to read and write and acquire other skills needed for school learning are very frequent in the population. Neuropsychological formulations have been influential in guiding policy and practice in schools. Generalized learning difficulties are conceptualized as intellectual disability.