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Light-sheet photoacoustic microscopy (LIS-PAM) with optical ultrasound detection

Photoacoustic (or optoacoustic) microscopy has great potential as a diagnostic tool in biomedical research. For in vivo imaging, an important requirement is to keep the measurement time as short as possible. In light-sheet photoacoustic microscopy (LIS-PAM) a cylindrical lens illuminates a thin section perpendicular to the sample surface with a short laser pulse and a projection of the excited acoustic wave pattern leaving the sample is recorded with a camera. From the recorded data, a B-scan photoacoustic image is obtained by applying a two-dimensional reconstruction algorithm, without requiring any mechanical scanning. Hence, LIS-PAM is capable of real-time B-scan imaging with acoustical resolution within the individual B-scans and optical out of plane resolution up to a depth limited by optical diffusion. A 3D image is composed of reconstructed B-scan images recorded while scanning the excitation line along the sample surface. Using a camera with 200 Hz frame rate a C-scan image (5x5 mm2 field of view) can be recorded in less than 5 seconds (without averaging). The achievable sensitivity and resolution of the optical phase contrast detection system were estimated theoretically with 0.34 kPa mm without averaging and 30 μm, respectively. A first experiment on a phantom that mimics tissue properties shows the applicability of this technique for in-vivo imaging.