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Vector part of optical activity probed with x-rays in hexagonal ZnO

We discuss how measurements of x-ray circular intensity differentials (XCIDs) could be used to probe the Voigt–Fedorov vector part of optical activity (OA) due to electric dipole–electric quadrupole (E 1E 2) interferences. The first experiment was carried out on a single crystal of zincite (hexagonal ZnO: class 6mm). XCID spectra were recorded in the x-ray resonant diffraction regime near the Zn K edge using the (300) reflection at Bragg angles near 45°. In the x-ray range, the effective operator responsible for the vector part of OA can be assigned to the vector product , in which L and ΩL are time-reversal odd operators associated with the orbital angular momentum and the orbital anapole respectively, whereas n is a true time-reversal even electric dipole. This is consistent with the pyroelectric properties of zincite crystals.