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Occurrence of Clostridioides [Clostridium] difficile in poultry giblets at slaughter and retail pork and poultry meat in southeastern Spain.

Contaminated raw meat and meat products with Clostridioides difficile could be a vehicle to spread community-associated C. difficile infection. This study was conducted to determine the occurrence of C. difficile in pork and poultry meat samples (n=325) from retail establishments, and in edible giblet samples (n=36) from a poultry processing plant in Murcia (southeastern Spain). Clostridioides difficile, isolated from samples using selective enrichment prior to isolation on a culture medium, was recovered from 2% (6/361) of the samples overall, all of these being from the poultry processing plant. These isolates were recovered from 17% (6/36) of the edible chicken giblets, which includes 28% (5/18) of the gizzard samples and 6% (1/18) of the liver samples tested. PCR testing of the six C. difficile isolates were toxin A and B negative. These findings demonstrate the survival of C. difficile in gastric acids of gizzards and its possible transmission to other meat products. However, the very low prevalence of C. difficile in the tested samples indicates that retail meat may not be an important source of C. difficile transmission to humans.