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Increased lymphoproliferative response to human herpesvirus type 6A variant in multiple sclerosis patients

Several reports have suggested an association of human herpevirus 6 (HHV‐6) and multiple sclerosis (MS) based on immunohistochemical demonstration of HHV‐6 DNA from sera and cerebrospinal fluid of MS patients but not in controls. Characterization of the cellular immune response of MS patients to HHV‐6 may further clarify the role of HHV‐6 in MS and provide insight into the pathogenesis of this immune‐mediated disease. We have compared lymphoproliferative responses to HHV‐6A (U1102)‐, and HHV‐7 (H7SB) ‐infected cell lysates in healthy controls and patients with MS. Most healthy controls (71%) proliferated to HHV‐6B lysate, and fewer (33%) responded to the HHV‐6A lysate. In contrast, 67% of MS patients had a lymphoproliferative response to HHV‐6A, which is a significant increase in comparison with healthy controls. A similar frequency of lymphoproliferative response (78%) to HHV‐6B was demonstrated in MS patients. These results indicate that the lymphoproliferative response to the HHV‐6A variant, which was recently reported to have greater neurotropism, is increased in MS patients. Ann Neurol 2000;47:306–313