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Deviated Direction of Arrival Method for Radial Velocity Measurement based on Spatial Spectrum Estimation

In this paper, a new scheme to measure radial velocity based on direction of arrival (DOA) estimation with multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm is proposed. The MUSIC algorithm usual applications in Uniforms Linear Arrays (ULA) don’t enable velocity estimation because the array signals in one snapshot are synchronous and the radial motion does not affect the steering vector. In the proposed scheme, signal snapshot is rearranged so that each vector now contains a sequence of signals from adjacent elements delayed in time, this way the steering vector input to the MUSIC algorithm includes both information of the DOA and radial velocity. An equation describing the relationship of the deviated DOA (dDOA) from the rearranged snapshot with the radial velocity and the DOA is presented. For multi-source situation, pairing problem of DOAs and dDOAs is solved by extracting the combination factors of the steering vectors and the eigenvectors in comparison between the two MUSIC implementations. Comparison with the traditional FFT method shows that a higher accuracy of velocity can be achieved by the proposed method.