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[Spectrum of HPV infections and HPV-associated diseases in the female and male].

Genital human papilloma viruses cause anogenital infections and are, in addition, associated with premalignant and malignant neoplasias. In HPV infections, clinical, subclinical and latent infections must be differentiated. HPV associated diseases comprise anogenital precancers and invasive cancers. HPV infections are the most common genital partner infections. In particular the diagnosis of subclinical and latent infections is only possible using molecular-biological techniques. For the diagnosis of HPV infections, colposcopy, cytology, and histology are of varying value. The general risk of infection seems almost identical for women and men. HPV infections and HPV-associated diseases comprise a similar morphologic spectrum in women and in men and are frequently of multifocal and/or multicentric character. This latter notion must be kept in mind when evaluating therapeutic approaches. At the moment, no clear statement can be made regarding the biological course of subclinical infections with the so-called "oncogenic" HPV types such as HPV 16 and 18.