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Relationships of Apolipoprotein E Genotypes with Vascular Risk Factors in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

‡ Background : Apolipoprotein E-epsilon4 (APOE-e 4) is a known genetic risk factor for Alzheimer' s disease (AD), but its relationship with vascular risk factors is still controversial. Methods : We retrospectively studied 56 probable AD patients diagnosed by the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer' s Disease and Related Disorder' s Association (NINCDS-ADRDA) criteria. Results : The frequencies of APOE-e 2, 3, and 4 were 6.3%, 69.6%, and 24.1% in patients with AD. Compared to the no APOE-e 4 group (n=35), the APOE-e 4 group (n=21) revealed a higher frequency of male gender with no difference in age, educational level, dementia onset age, severity of dementia (CDR and K-MMSE), the frequencies of vascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia), and total cholesterol level. High density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol level was 36± 8 in the APOE-e 4 group and 43±11 in the no APOE-e 4 group with statistical significance (Student' s t-test, p=0.02). In adjusting for sex, the APOE-e 4 group still had a significantly lower HDL-cholesterol level than the no APOE-e 4 group (p=0.047). Conclusions : These results suggest that there may be the genetic influence of APOE- e 4 on serum HDL- cholesterol metabolism in AD patients. J Korean Neurol Assoc 21(1):41~45, 2003