{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.014370245139475908, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 5.264550264550264, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Cost comparison of structures for optical primary access networks

PTT Telecom, the Netherlands, will shortly introduce fiber optics on a large scale into the primary access network. Due to the large investment costs, a study has been done on the most cost effective structure for fiber optics in the primary access network. Cable costs, trench costs, and cable installation costs have been included in the cost function for structure optimization. Availability and transmission technology are the constraints that have been taken into account. A mathematical model is presented that is sufficiently flexible to encompass obstacles such as rivers and highways and the previously mentioned constraints. We present an optimization method for the implementation of structures. In a case study, we compare the chosen structures for various situations and we make a cost comparison of dual homing and double routing. We find that there is a significant cost difference between the structures. The most cost effective solution is an access network implemented without any structure constraint. Furthermore, we conclude that double routing requires higher investment costs than dual homing.