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Comprehensive Analysis Of Marine Monitoring In Southern California

In 1987, the Marine Board of the National Research Council established the Committee on Systems Assessment of Marine Environmental Monitoring. The committee's goal was to identify how monitoring contributes to environmental management and decision making, to determine reasons why monitoring does not always produce useful information, and to recommend how effective monitoring programs could be designed. The committee assumed that environmental monitoring is part of a larger "environmental management system." This system includes public concerns, laws and regulations, and the management and decision-making infrastructure. Monitoring programs that are not designed with the needs of this larger system in mind are less likely to produce useful information. A detailed and comprehensive case study of the Southern California Bight formed a part of this national assessment. The case study panel reviewed published literature and interviewed numerous experts from academia, industry, dischargers, and city and state government. The panel examined specific monitoring programs and the legal and regulatory framework for monitoring. In particular, the panel investigated aspects of the environmental management system that support or hamper monitoring's ability to provide useful information. The panel found a multitude of separate monitoring programs in the bight, regulated by different agencies and carried out by a variety of public and private entities. These monitoring programs were performed with a high degree of technical accuracy and had contributed to an understanding of impacts around point sources (e.g. , outfalls) . However, larger-scale and cumulative impacts were not well monitored because the management system is constructed to evaluate only point-source impacts. In addition, inflexibilities in the management system have led to inefficient use of monitoring resources in many cases. The panel recommended changes in the design and management of monitoring to correct these deficiencies.