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Amorphous mineral incrustations in the moss Homalothecium sericeum

Abstract Internal mineral deposits in stem and seta were found in living, healthy-looking specimens of the moss Homalothecium sericeum from a Spanish locality. The deposits consisted of an amorphous crust of smooth texture. After examination with EDS probes coupled to a transmission and a scanning electron microscope, and X-ray diffraction analysis, the minerals were identified as mainly opal, carbonates, and Fe and Al hydroxides, although it is irregular throughout a given mineralized region of the moss. These mineral crusts are considered to be the product of biomineralization of ions taken from the substratum. A comparison is established between these deposits and the mineral crystals found in a previous study of Hookeria lucens.