{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.018311291963377416, 'fraction_numerical': 0.004069175991861648, 'mean_word_length': 5.6938775510204085, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Toward a New Administrative Doctrine: Governance and Management for the 1990's

Three successive terms of market-oriented presidents raise difficulties for federal bureaucrats in legitimating past administrative doctrine and practices, which were government-centered. The present article responds to Charles Levine's call for a new administrative doctrine that is more fully descriptive of the needs and routines of today's federal civil servants than a doctrine based on either a liberal or neo-conservative ideology. The author introduces the concept of doctrine into public administration discourse in order to clarify the differences in ideology, doctrine, and practices between an era of top-down liberal progressivism and the era of bottom-up neo-conservative progressivism that dawned with the first Reagan administration. The purpose is to take a first step in describing emerging administrative realities that both traditional bureaucrats and free-marketeers must recognize.