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Phoxonic crystals: tailoring the light-sound interaction at the nanoscale

Phoxonic crystals are periodic structures affecting simultaneously the propagation of light (photons) and sound (phonons) of similar wavelengths. For instance, by introducing periodicity of the order of the micron on semiconductor membranes, a phoxonic band gap for near infrared light and sound at GHz frequencies appears. The insertion of defects can give rise to the simultaneous localization of photons and phonons in cavities and waveguides. Moreover, new structures can be tailored to enhance the light-sound interaction in such small volumes. In this work, the last advances in phoxonic crystal structures (including the so-called optomechanical cavities) will be reviewed. Techniques to inject light and sound in phoxonic structures will be described. Future possible applications of phoxonic crystals, ranging from ultrasensitive sensing to all-optical information storage, will finally be introduced.