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Multisystem Inflammatory Disease in Children During the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic

One year following identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to affect millions of people worldwide.1 Although the disease burden among children is less than that seen among adults, over 3.9 million children in the United States have been diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2, representing 13.8% of all cases within the country.2 The spectrum of illness among children has been variable, favoring mild disease, but children are at risk for severe disease, including multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).3 First identified in the United Kingdom in April 2020, MIS-C was defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in May 2020.4,5 Temporally associated with COVID-19, MIS-C results from a delayed immune response to SARS-CoV-2, with clinical features that differ from severe COVID-19.4,6 While the epidemiology, clinical features, and outcomes of MIS-C have been reported in several multicentered studies and summarized in recent systematic reviews, the current data reflect only the first few months of the COVID-19 pandemic.4,6-9 As the pandemic continues, however, new variants of SARS-CoV-2 have emerged, and whether these strains affect our current understanding of MIS-C is not well understood.10 Thus, the aim of this report is to describe the epidemiological and clinical features of a cohort of patients with MIS-C diagnosed in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.