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Are recessions good for everyone's health? The association between mortality and the business cycle by race/ethnicity in the US

This article studies the effect of the business cycle on the mortality rates of the major racial/ethnic groups in the USA. We use county-level data from 1999 to 2005 and employ a panel econometric approach that includes county- and year-fixed effects. We found that the mortality rates for whites and latinos are procyclical, i.e, that economic expansions (contractions) are associated with increases (decreases) in mortality. Moreover, the magnitude of this relationship is larger for latinos than for whites. However, we generally do not find a statistically significant relationship for blacks. Finally, the procyclical relationship for whites and latinos increases in magnitude as the county becomes less racially/ethnically diverse. Taken together, these findings suggest that the procyclical association identified in previous studies of the overall US population may vary by race and ethnicity.