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Activation Study of Precipitated Iron Fischer−Tropsch Catalysts†

Slurry phase Fischer−Tropsch synthesis (FTS) was conducted with two precipitated iron catalysts (100 Fe/3.6 Si/0.71 K and 100 Fe/4.4 Si/1.0 K, atomic percent relative to Fe) at 543 K, 1.31 MPa, and a synthesis gas (H2/CO = 0.7) space velocity of 3.1 normal L h-1 (g of Fe)-1. The impact of activation gas (CO, H2/CO = 0.7, or H2/CO = 0.1), temperature (543 or 573 K), and pressure (1.31 or 0.10 MPa) on the long-term (>500 h) activity and selectivity of the catalysts was explored. Pretreatment with CO under the conditions employed gave highly active and stable catalysts. Catalyst performance when synthesis gas activation was used was found to be dependent upon the partial pressure of hydrogen in the activating gas, with low hydrogen partial pressures resulting in the highest catalyst activity. X-ray diffraction results indicate that carbon monoxide activations and synthesis gas activations with low hydrogen partial pressure result in the formation of the carbides χ-Fe5C2 and e‘-Fe2.2C, while activation with s...