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Modeling of skin anisotropy directions for identifying stress free reference configuration of the female breast

Biomechanical simulations of the female breast are important for surgical applications such as implants augmentation, tumorectomy and reconstruction after the tumor removal. One of the main challenges for such breast simulations is to define its reference configuration which can be considered as a stress free state. Indeed, MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scans of the breast can be obtained only under gravitational load which introduces a considerable stress and strains level for any position of the patient. Moreover, realistic material properties especially anisotropy of skin should be taken into account. This anisotropy can play an important role but has not so far been considered in biomechanical simulations of the breast. In the current contribution, we implement an iterative method to define the reference configuration of the breast model according to MRI data of certain individuals in the prone position by taking into account the anisotropy directions of skin. (© 2015 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)