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Clonal expansion of Vgamma3/Vdelta3-expressing gammadelta T cells in an HIV-1/2-negative patient with CD4 T-cell deficiency.

Immunological investigations were carried out in an HIV-1/2//HTLV-1-negative patient with CD4 T-cell deficiency (0.357-0.6 x 10(9)/l) and expansion of gammadelta T cells which accounted for 26-42% of peripheral blood lymphocytes during an observation period of 3 years. Flow cytometry analyses with a panel of available Vgamma/Vdelta-specific monoclonal antibodies indicated that the pathologically expanded gammadelta population expressed Vgamma2 or Vgamma3 paired with Vdelta3 on the surface but lacked the expression of activation antigens such as CD38 or CD71. Cloning and sequencing of RT-PCR products obtained after amplification of cDNA with Vgamma-Cgamma and Vdelta-Cdelta specific primers confirmed the presence of a clonally expanded Vgamma3/Vdelta3 population in the peripheral blood of this patient. Cytotoxicity assays performed with purified gammadelta T cells as effectors and resting or preactivated autologous CD4 T cells as targets failed to reveal evidence for autoreactive cytotoxicity of Vgamma3/Vdelta3 cells as a possible mechanism of CD4 T-cell deficiency in this patient.