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Book Review: Early Spectroscopy, Mapping the Spectrum: Techniques of Visual Representation in Research and Teaching

quotations, the work at times has the feel more of a nineteenth-century life and letters than a well-rounded study in the history of science and technology. But the third Earl of Rosse has drawn relatively little close scholarly attention, papers by Michael Hoskin and David Dewhirst, as well as Simon Schaffer, and various sections of J. A. Bennett's Church, State and astronomy in Ireland: 200 years ofArmagh Observatory being perhaps the most important recent exceptions. From galaxies to turbines is therefore still a useful addition to the literature. Scaife also demonstrates that there are advantages to examining broadly the Parsons family's contributions to science and technology, rather than concentrating exclusively on the telescope-making and astronomy or the steam turbine. One ofthe clearest impressions a reader gains is in fact the difference in engineering styles between William ana' Charles Parsons. William's design and construction of the Leviathan was generally the successful result of careful scaling-up and various cut-and-try schemes, whereas Charles's work on the steam turbine was the product of a highly trained engineer who aspired to become an industrialist on a grand scale. By their different routes they fashioned two of the nineteenth century's most extraordinary machines.