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Resetting the “biological clock”

Biologically speaking, the dice is loaded against women. While it is possible for men to be fathers’ way into old age, for women, reproductive capacity has already started waning when they cross the age of 35 and is severely limited after the age of 40. The reason for this phenomenon lies in the ability of the male germ cells to develop throughout adult life. Women, on the other hand, are thought to have a finite pool of oocytes at birth, which diminishes with age. This view was put forth by Waldeyer in 1870 and reaffirmed by other authors. It gained wide acceptance in the scientific community after a paper by Zuckerman in 1951,[1] which stated that neo‐oogenesis did not occur postnatally in mammals.[2] This view remained unopposed till Johnson et al.[3] demonstrated oocyte‐stem cells (OSCs) capable of generating new eggs, in adult mouse ovaries. These eggs underwent fertilization and produced viable offspring. These findings, though heavily debated, sparked extensive research because of their value in the fertility treatment of women with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). White et al., 2012[4] demonstrated oocyte formation by active germ cells purified from ovaries of reproductive age women. In recent years, other authors[5] have provided convincing evidence of the presence of OSCs and their capability of developing into fertilizable oocytes and producing viable offspring in mice.