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A Chemical History of Polycyclic Musks.

Musks odorants are ubiquitous in fine perfumery as well as hygiene products, and are divided into four main families, the nitromusks, the macrocyclic musks, the polycyclic aromatic musks and the alicyclic musks, following their order of appearance on the perfumery market. This article presents the scientific and industrial adventures of the discovery of the polycyclic musks, which mobilized the aromachemistry corporations during the second half of the 20th century in a relentless competition. Research and development strategies are exposed, reactivity, analytical, mechanistic and structure-activity relationships aspects are discussed as well as some biographical elements of the main scientific actors, and some fine perfumery examples are given as illustrations of their use.