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Electrical treeing in silicone gel under square voltage: Frequency, rise time and crosslinking influence

The aim of this work is to assess electrical treeing in silicone gel under square voltage of different frequencies. Tests were carried out between 1 Hz to 1 kHz. Experiments with sinusoidal voltage were performed for comparison with the square voltage. Two materials were used, produced from different ratios of the same compounds in order to have a gel-like material and an elastomer. The inception voltage for treeing is analyzed and the results obtained lead to the conclusion that the inception process is different in solid and in gel. In particular, in silicone gel, this process appears to be due not to cumulative damage, but to the occurrence of a single event. In fact, while the inception voltage decreases on increasing the frequency for the sinusoidal voltage, it slightly increases for the square voltage, reaching similar values for both the waveforms at the higher frequencies. Finally, the treeing growth has been recorded and significant differences have been observed at different frequencies.