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Long-term effects of enalapril in rat with experimental chronic tubulo-interstitial nephropathy.

The aim of this study was to determine whether or not angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, enalapril, could ameliorate the chronic tubulo-interstitial nephropathy (TIN) in uninephrectomized (UNx) rats. Chronic TIN(M) was induced by 2-bromoethylamine hydrobromide. Rats were assigned to five groups; control, UNx-control (UNxC), UNx treated with enalapril (UNxE), UNxMC and UNxME. Enalapril was given for 12 months as drinking water (50 mg/l). At 6 months, albuminuria in UNxE decreased significantly compared with UNxC, but without change in UNxM rats. By 12 months, although all rats in control, UNxC and UNxE remained alive, 1 and 4 rats died in UNxME and UNxMC, respectively. Albuminuria in UNxC was reduced significantly by enalapril but not in UNxM rats. Both urine volume and urine osmolality became equal to control by enalapril in UNx rats, but not in UNxM rats. Serum cholesterol levels were normalized by enalapril in UNx rats, but not in UNxM rats. Levels of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were invariably higher in UNxM than in UNx rats, irrespective of enalapril. Glomerular sclerosis was statistically decreased by enalapril in both UNx and UNxM rats. Enalapril reduced the overall tubulo-interstitial lesions in UNx rats, but not in UNxM group. However, in UNxM rats tubular changes in medullary portion were significantly ameliorated by enalapril. These data suggest that enalapril has a beneficial effect on chronic TIN in this model.