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Tensions in the scholarship on participatory journalism and citizen journalism

ABSTRACT Previous research has found that much of the scholarship on citizen-engaged journalism cites its democratic potential. This integrative literature review builds on that work by distinguishing how scholars have defined participatory journalism and citizen journalism and by discovering why some scholars have expressed disappointment in citizens’ efforts while others have offered optimism. This study argues that these differences partly result from how researchers have disparately framed their studies and dissimilarly conceptualized how journalism serves democracy. Whereas some scholars have adopted an understanding of journalism as engaging citizens, others have adhered to the more traditional task of expertly informing the public. Prior debates over public journalism can inform these tensions and possibly illuminate future directions for research.