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Spark plasma sintering of TiNi nano-powders for biological application

Nano-sized TiNi powder with an average size of 50 nm was consolidated using spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 800 °C for 5 min. A layer of anatase TiO2 coating was formed on the sintered TiNi by chemical reaction with a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution at 60 °C followed by heat treatment at 400 °C to enhance the bioactivity of the metal surface. Cell culture using osteoblast cells and a biomimetic test in simulated body fluid proved the biocompatibility of the chemically treated SPS TiNi.