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Female Labor Migration: Causes And Consequences (Case Study Of A Depressive Region)

The article is devoted to the study of gender features of migration processes in the Republic of Kalmykia which is a depressed Russian region. Based on the analysis of statistical data and a specially organized sample survey, it was revealed that women are involving in migration processes, including longterm labor migration. An increasing demand for labor of migrant women is due to the aging of the national population and an increase in living standards in host regions. The majority of female migrants are young women of working age. Analysis of migration causes showed that migration of the female population from the region is of economic nature. Female labor migration allows migrant households to survive in conditions of unemployment and low income, but on the other hand, the solution of these problems causes a shortage of qualified personnel in the region. The migration affects qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the demographic and labor potential of the republic: the region loses skilled specialists. The female migration affects the number of births and increases the “postponed” births. © 2019 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy.org.UK