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[Biosensors and clinical analysis].

Method for the selective determination of organic compounds in biological fluids, such as blood, are very important in clinical analyses. Most analyses of organic compounds can be performed by spectrophotometric methods based on specific enzyme-catalyzed reactions. However, on account of the complicated procedure, these methods cannot be applied directly to bed-side monitoring. Alternatively, biosensors based on enzymes and electrochemical transducers possess excellent sensitivity for biological substrates and can determine directly a single compound in a biological fluid without need for a prior separation step. Therefore, in several years, many kinds of biosensors have been developed, and implantable microbiosensors for a body organ have also been reported. In the near future, an artificial pancreas fabricated by micromachine technology will be developed.