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The response of blood ionic constituents and acid-base balance to dietary sodium, potassium and chloride in laying fowls.

Abstract A 23 factorial experiment of two levels of dietary sodium × two levels of dietary chloride × two levels of dietary potassium was conducted with 72 laying hens. Arterial blood pH and plasma Na +, K +, Cl− and HCO3− were measured during shell formation. Sodium or potassium supplementation resulted in an increase, and chloride feeding resulted in a decrease in blood pH and HCO3−. Significant interactions between the dietary variables were noted with regard to blood acid-base. Dietary supplementation with each of the electrolytes resulted in an increase in its own concentration in blood plasma. Dietary sodium supplementation depressed plasma potassium concentrations whereas potassium had no consistent effect on plasma sodium. Chloride supplementation of low but not high sodium diets caused an increase in plasma sodium. Dietary sodium slightly increased plasma chloride at low levels of dietary chloride and depressed plasma chloride at high dietary chloride concentrations. Significant multiple regressions were found between sodium, chloride and bicarbonate concentrations in plasma. Plasma potassium was not correlated with any of the other monovalent ions.