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Murine mammary tumor growth is blunted in dystrophin‐deficient mdx mice

Breast cancer (BC) is the second leading cause of cancer death in women in the US. Changes to the dystrophin glycoprotein complex (DGC), a multi‐protein structure that likely plays mechanical and signaling roles, have been reported in BC cells. For example, expression of α‐ and β‐dystroglycan appears to be inversely related to tumor stage. However, systemic absence of the DGC, as seen in the mdx mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, does not appear to induce spontaneous mammary tumor formation, indicating that presence of the DGC may be necessary for breast cancer initiation. We therefore hypothesized that breast tumor growth would be altered in mdx mice compared to wild type (C57BL/6) mice. We injected E0771 murine mammary adenocarcinoma cells into mdx and C57BL/6 mice. After 3 weeks of tumor growth, blood, skeletal muscles and tumors were collected and analyzed. Growth of E0771 tumors and serum content of migration and invasion chemokine markers, RANTES and MCP‐1, was dramatically blunted in mdx mice. The dystrophin protein was not detectable in E0771 cells or tumors, suggesting that its expression, like that of other DGC components, may be suppressed or altered in this cancer cell line. The exact mechanism(s) of tumor inhibition in mdx mice is not presently known; however, our results suggest a mechanism for suppressing BC growth and progression may depend on the absence of one or more proteins in the DGC.