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Mechanism of oestrogen signalling with particular reference to the role of ER beta in the central nervous system.

The discovery of a second oestrogen receptor (ER), ER beta, has drastically changed our view of oestrogen action. Since the two ERs, ER alpha and ER beta, have somewhat different tissue and cellular distribution as well as ligand binding specificity the possibility exists that they have different biological roles. Indeed, several observations seem to indicate that they may even have opposite effects so that ER beta diminishes the activity of ER alpha. The CNS contains both ER alpha and ER beta and it is conceivable that they may have specific and individual roles in oestrogen signalling in the brain.