{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.029895366218236172, 'fraction_numerical': 0.005979073243647235, 'mean_word_length': 4.982142857142857, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Compact CPW rat-race and branch-line hybrids utilizing slow-wave structure

This paper presents structures of artificial coplanar waveguide (CPW) with very slow phase velocity and their applications to a design of compact rat-race and branch-line hybrids. The slow-wave structure is constructed by periodically loading a CPW with simultaneous series inductance and shunt capacitance, and a meaningful reduction of the effective wavelength for a Bloch wave is achieved along with an adequate Bloch impedance. Next, a rat-race and a branch-line hybrid are designed using the artificial CPW's, and consequently considerable size- reduction of about 1/2 to 1/4 is obtained.