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Effect of reaction conditions on the thermal stability of polystyrene grafted oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fiber

Abstract Polystyrene was grafted onto oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fiber in aqueous medium by using the H2O2/Fe2+ system as an initiator. Optimization of the reaction conditions was carried out by varying the reaction period, temperature, amounts of the monomer, initiator and co-catalyst. The presence of the peaks around 3026 cm-1, 698 cm-1 and 755 cm-1 in the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of the grafted product and the presence of polystyrene on the surface of grafted OPEFB in the scanning electron micrograph provided strong evidence of the grafting. The maximum percentage of grafting (about 200%) was achieved when the reaction was carried on for 4 h at a temperature of 65°C, using 52.27 mmol monomer, 6.00 mmol initiator and 0.26 mmol co-catalyst. The thermal stability of the grafted OPEFB was found to be better than that of the ungrafted fiber, as seen from thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).