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Oxygen therapy in adults.

Oxygen therapy is the provision of oxygen in greater inspired concentrations (FiO2) than room air (21%) to prevent tissue hypoxia. Oxygen is used widely in acute and elective situations across a range of specialties, by ambulance personnel, nurses and medical staff. In the emergency or acute setting it is important to appreciate that each professional group may work to different oxygen protocols as their patients are at different stages of the patient pathway. This article outlines the indications and hazards of oxygen therapy and emphasizes the importance of individualized oxygen prescribing, depending on the diagnosis and objective measurement of oxygenation (widely available with pulse oximetry).