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Rehabilitation robotic unloading system: Effects of unloading on electromyography and energy cost during overground walking in able-bodied individuals

Body weight unloading (BWU) systems for gait training and fall prevention have become popular and are commonly used in various rehabilitation settings. However, the neuromuscular performance and energy cost responding to various amounts of BWU remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of BWU on muscle activation, and energy cost, during overground walk in able-bodied individuals. Three healthy adults performed 6 minute walk tests (6MWT) at 0%, 20%, and 40% of BWU. Muscle activity and oxygen consumption (averaged V02 max) were collected and measured during the 6MWT. Compared to 0% BWU, EMG amplitude decreased approximately 15% or more in the Medial Gastrocnemius, Bicep Femoris, Semitendinosus muscles at 20% and 40% BWU. All subjects experienced approximately 18.7% and 25% increase in averaged VO2 max with increase in 20% and 40% BWU, respectively. BWU induces changes in the EMG amplitude and oxygen consumption during overground walking.