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The Evolution of Surgery in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Numerous clinical trials have been carried out over the past twenty years to evaluate the role of surgery and adjuvant therapies in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)13. Randomized clinical trials are currently the most reliable research technique in use to confirm the efficacy of old and novel therapeutic approaches. We are now going to describe some of the main principles on which this research has been based and to which it has led us over the last two decades, and then outline some of the most recent acquisitions as far as unconventional fields are concerned or rather the frontiers of oncological pulmonary surgery.