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An in silico analysis: Deciphering the role of differential expressed genes in tuberculosis in response to bedaquiline antibiotic drug

Tuberculosis (TB) caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium TB (MTB) is one of the most devastating respiratory infections. The drug Bedaquiline, which is used to treat tuberculosis, was developed to improve treatment outcomes while reducing the toxicity associated with injectable medicines. Clinical prescriptions for the medication have increased in recent years, but its therapeutic efficacy has decreased. Drug resistance arises when MTB become resistant to the medications used to treat TB, and these treatments no longer suppress the gene activity. In the present study, an integrated bioinformatics analysis was performed to explore potential crucial genes, key pathways and interaction of miRNA with the transcription factor associated with the differentially expressed gene in TB in response to a multidrug resistant TB drug named bedaquiline. We have curated the dataset GSE43764 and carried out the functional and pathway enrichment analysis using various bioinformatics tool. The genes encoding dnaA, dnaB, dnaE1, atpE, atpF, and atpB were identified as hub genes. MiR-574-3p, MiR-4787-5p, MiR-601, and MiR- 1234 have been found as possible target microRNA. The potential transcription factors pertaining to the Bedaquiline and TB were also found. The results indicate that the discovered key differentially expressed gene has a promising future and can be employed as biomarkers.