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Implementation of Different Speed Control Strategies of BLDC Motor

Brushless DC (BLDC) motors are one of the electrical drives that are rapidly gaining popularity, due to their high efficiency, good dynamic response and low maintenance. In this paper a speed controller has been designed by using two types of control strategies. First one addresses the PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) controller and the second one addresses about the PI (Proportional Integral) controller .The simulation results are carried out by using MATLAB/SIMULINK successfully for closed loop operation of the three phase BLDC motor so that the motor runs very closed to the reference speed. The performance parameters are compared for both control strategies for speed control of BLDC motor drive. The results presented validate control strategies in improving the motor performance. I. INTRODUCTION Conventional dc motors have many attractive properties such as high efficiency and linear torque speed characteristics. The control of dc motors is also simple and does not require complex hardware. However, the main drawback of the motor is the need of periodic maintenance. The brushes of the mechanical commutators have other undesirable effects such as sparks, acoustic noise and carbon particles coming from the brushes. Brushless dc motors can in many cases replace conventional dc motors. Brushed DC motors develop a maximum torque when stationary, linearly decreasing as velocity increases. Some limitations of brushed motors can be overcome by brushless motors; they include higher efficiency and a lower susceptibility to mechanical wear. A typical brushless motor has permanent magnets which rotate and a fixed armature, eliminating problems associated with connecting current to the moving armature. An electronic controller replaces the brush/commutators assembly of the brushed DC motor, which continually switches the phase to the windings to keep the motor turning. The controller performs similar timed power distribution by using a solid-state circuit rather than the brush/commutators system. The enhanced efficiency is greatest in the no- load and low-load region of the motor's performance curve .Under high mechanical loads, brushless motors and high-quality brushed motors are comparable in efficiency, environments and requirements in which manufacturers use brushless-type DC motors include maintenance-free operation, high speeds, and operation where sparking is hazardous (i.e. explosive environments) or could affect electronically sensitive equipment.