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Cochlear Implants in Children

The House 3M cochlear implant system is currently undergoing clinical trials in profoundly deaf children aged 2 through 18 years. Although the use of the implant in children continues to be controversial, the evidence to date indicates that this prosthesis can provide significant benefit for a selected population of profoundly deaf children. As of August 1985, a total of 189 children have received the cochlear implant. The majority of these children were deafened by bacterial meningitis. The children as a group show significant improvement of hearing performance and speech production abilities over time. Children implanted at a younger age (under 5 years) show an even more significant improvement in speech skills. Significantly improved speech production occurs in both the oral/aural children (most cases postlingually deaf) and the total communication children (most cases prelingually deaf). Psychological tests have shown improved performance on intelligence measures, perceptual motor tests, and academic achievement ratings. Surgical and postoperative complications have been minimal, with few measurable adverse effects.