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Assessing the Impact of Retailer Disclosure on the Effectiveness of U.S. Meat and Poultry Recalls.

In August 2008, the Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) launched a new policy that required publication of a list of retail consignees for meat and poultry products part of Class I recalls, those with the greatest potential impact on public health. This study uses two recall effectiveness measures (recovery rate and completion time) and a difference-in-difference method to examine the effects of retailer disclosure. When controlling for factors previously determined to impact recall effectiveness including product type, reasons for recall, the amount of food recalled, plant size and the way the problem was discovered no statistically significant impact on recall effectiveness was discerned under the disclosure policy. Bacterial recalls had higher recovery rates. Larger recalls had lower recovery rates and longer completion times. Recalls issued by very small plants had lower recovery rates. Compared to other stakeholders, government agency discovery of the problem was associated with lower recovery rates. Compared to the pre 2008 period, recover rates declines and  completion times significantly increased after the implementation of the retailer disclosure policy. As the Food and Drug Administration considers a similar retailer disclosure policy for foods regulated under the Food Safety Modernization Act, such lessons from USDA's experiences should inform the policy debate.