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Optimally Designed PID Controller for a DC-DC Buck Converter via a Hybrid Whale Optimization Algorithm with Simulated Annealing

A new design approach is presented in this study for tuning of proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller parameters in a DC–DC buck converter utilizing a hybrid whale optimization algorithm (WOA) with simulated annealing (SA), namely the WOASAT algorithm, which uses a tournament selection mechanism. The proposed algorithm’s efficacy ensures that the optimum PID controller parameters are tuned quickly and that the quality of tuning is high. A time domain performance index is utilized to validate the proposed WOASAT-based PID controller’s performance. In addition, from the comparative results of statistical analysis, frequency response analysis, transient response analysis, disturbance rejection analysis, and performance indices analysis, the proposed WOASAT-PID controller was found to be more efficient than the SA-PID controller and WOA-PID controller in enhancing the buck converter’s transient response.