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Photonic measurement technologies for high-speed electronics

In this paper we review recent advances in photonic measurement technologies for high-speed electronics covering the frequency range from gigahertz to terahertz. In the first part we describe the basic technologies for photonic measurement, i.e. the generation and detection of high-frequency electrical signals. In the second part, we discuss recent practical applications, including high-speed integrated circuit probers, sampling oscilloscopes, network analysers, and imaging systems.