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Role of bone marrow aspiration and bone marrow biopsy in routine practice

Introduction: Bone marrow examination is useful and cost effective, day care procedure. These studies are preceded by evaluation of medical history, clinical features, CBC and peripheral smear. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy are complimentary to each other. Aim of the study is to correlate aspiration and biopsy findings in routine practice. Methods and materials: This is a prospective study carried out between Jan 2018 to Dec 2018 in SUIMS, Shimoga. Total of 28 cases were diagnosed. Bone marrow aspiration slides were stained with leishman and bone marrow biopsy were routinely processed and stained with H&E, reticulin and perl stain whenever necessary. Results: Males were commonly exposed to bone marrow study compared to females. Anemia under evaluation was common indication for bone marrow aspiration. Commonest bone marrow aspiration diagnosis was Megaloblastic marrow. There were two dry taps, where in biopsy was diagnostic. Discussion: Bone marrow aspiration was sufficient in 92% of cases. The positive correlation between BMA and BMB was 89.2%. The diagnostic accuracy of BMA was 92% where as that of BMB was 100%. Trephine biopsy was very useful in MDS and MF. Conclusion: BMA and BMB complement each other. Biopsy has been useful when ever aspiration has yielded low cellularity. It is advisable to follow aspiration with biopsy for better results.