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Is Artificial Intelligence Ready for “Primetime” in Urology?

With the advent of “big data” there has been an expectation that sooner or later it might be possible to use so-called “artificial intelligence” (AI) to assimilate and interpret this data for the benefit of scientific progress and urological care. However, to date, evidence that this approach might be of value is limited. In a review article published in this journal around 2 years ago, the authors reviewed the published urological literature at that time, identifying over 100 published studies in the field of AI as applied to urology. They concluded that “with an increasing library of patient data accessible to clinicians, AI may help facilitate evidence-based care”. Perhaps the most important word in that sentence is the word “may”. The authors found that most of the published studies had methodological limitations which had several consequences of which perhaps the most important was that there was limited generalisability to other scenarios and datasets.