{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.026578073089700997, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0016611295681063123, 'mean_word_length': 5.28125, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Psychological factors in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.

More than one hundred years ago, Sir William Osler noted that 'oesophagismus is met with in hysterical patients and hypochondriacs ... the idiopathic form is found in females of a marked neurotic habit'.2 Since then the role of psychological factors in many oesophageal disorders has been well documented. These include the nutcracker oesophagus which causes chest pain and upper oesophageal sphincter abnormalities that may manifest as globus. However, unlike gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD), these disorders are not among the most