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[Cardiocirculatory effects of halothane and isoflurane in respiratory distress caused by oleic acid].

INTRODUCTION
When lungs are damaged or affected by edema they behave differently from healthy lungs in the presence of drugs that can modify vascular reactivity.


OBJECTIVES
To determine the effects of halothane and isoflurane on pulmonary edema induced by oleic acid in dogs.


MATERIAL AND METHODS
Eighteen dogs were anesthetized with sodium pentothal. Hemodynamic and lung parameters as well as end-tidal gases were monitored. Pulmonary edema was induced with an injection of oleic acid (0.1 ml/kg). Five periods were studied: 1) before injection of oleic acid; 2) 90 min after injection; 3) 20 min after ventilation with 1 MAC halothane or isoflurane; 4) 20 min after 2 MAC ventilation with the assigned anesthetic, and 5) 20 min after withdrawal of anesthetic.


RESULTS
With halothane, cardiac output and arterial blood pressure decreased significantly. With isoflurane, arterial pressure decreased by way of changes in vascular resistance. Neither anesthetic affected hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction.


CONCLUSIONS
Neither anesthetic worsens arterial oxygenation in a model of pulmonary edema that is similar to adult respiratory distress.