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State‐selective optical near‐field resonant ionization spectroscopy of atoms near a dielectric surface

Spin‐sensitive optical near‐field microscopy and spectroscopy are proposed based on the study on the conserved quantities in optical near‐field interactions of atoms with dielectric surfaces. A two‐step photoionization spectra of Cs atoms resolving hyperfine structures are demonstrated near a planar dielectric surface by using evanescent waves. These techniques of state/spin‐selective excitation and highly sensitive detection, combined with the techniques of optical pumping, will open up possibilities of space‐ and polarization‐sensitive detection of optical near‐fields using atomic probes. This novel method provides us with a useful technique for the observation of polarization nature of the optical near‐field and controlling the spin states of mesoscopic electronic systems.