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The U-shaped relationship between hemoglobin concentration and stroke

Anemia and hyperhemoglobin are not common stroke risk factors, and the association between hemoglobin concentration and stroke remains inconclusive. Through searching the literature, the impact of hypo- and hyper-hemoglobin on the risks of incident stroke, mortality, and poor functional prognosis was analyzed. The review revealed a U-shaped relationship between hemoglobin and the risks of incidental ischemic stroke, and mortality of ischemic stroke and intracranial hemorrhage, separately. However, the optimal hemoglobin concentration was undetermined. 
 
 
Key words: 
Stroke; Brain ischemia; Intracranial hemorrhage; Hemoglobins; Anemia; Prognosis