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Evaluation and Characterization of the Use of Industrial-Solid-Waste Curing Agent instead of Cement on Improved Alluvial Silt

The silt in the Yellow River alluvial plain typically features low strength and poor water stability, and, thus, alluvial silt treatment needs an amount of cement to improve soil performance. The development of an alternative to reduce or replace the use of cement in soil stabilization has been a hot topic research for a long time. This paper develops an industrial-solid-waste (ISW) curing agent using a response surface methodology, which is a novel composite material made of steel slag, mineral slag, and two desulfurization products; its feasibility on improved silt is expected to be studied systematically. The comparative tests of ISW- and cement-improved silt were conducted to analyze performance and action mechanism. Variance and multiple regression analysis were used to study the effect of factors on responses statistically, and check the significance and correlation of the suggested models. Finally, the in-service performance of ISW-improved silt was evaluated through in-situ tests. Results show that ISW-improved silt can present good mechanical properties and durability, but is much weaker than cement-improved silt in the early curing stage. The strength enhancement amplitude of ISW-improved silt between curing ages of 7 days to 28 days is larger than that of cement-improved silt. The correlation between factors and responses is established with good agreement. Synergisms in the ISW curing agent are stimulated in the alkaline environment, and are conductive to connect the silt particles. The in-service performance of ISW-improved silt showed little difference to that of cement-improved silt; both of them meet the requirements from the perspective of in-situ application. Moreover, the unit cost of an ISW curing agent is less than 1/5 of that of cement. ISW-improved silt has advantages of cost saving, resource recycling and environmental protection.