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Treatment of critical limb ischemia in patients with multilevel arterial lesions

The extreme manifestation of atherosclerotic lesion of the arteries of the lower extremities is the critical ischemia of the lower extremities. The number of high amputations in such patients ranges from 120 to 500 per 1 million population in the general population annually. In order to achieve the best results in the patency of the arterial bed in the near and distant periods, revascularization of the arteries of the proximal and distal blood flow is necessary. The aim of the work was to evaluate the possibilities and effectiveness of endovascular, open and hybrid arterial interventions on the lower extremities, particularly in patients with multilevel arterial disease, by conducting a retrospective analysis of treatment of critical ischemia. The results of the preoperative ultrasound duplex scan (UDS) of the arteries of 212 patients with critical ischemia of the lower limbs (CILL) shoved, that in 78 (36.8%) were multilevel arterial lesions (MLAL). Patients were divided into two groups. The first (main group) consisted of 50 patients (64%), who have been restored to the open-end and endovascular methods of MLAL, or only endovascular. The second (control) group included 28 patients (36%) — with restoration of permeability of the proximal segment without intervention on the arteries of the distal. Installed, during the period of 16 months, postoperative observation of 78 patients with MLAL, the primary frontal area of the femoral reconstruction in the main group was 92%, and limb preservation - 96%. In the control group, the permeability of the reconstruction zone was 75%, limb preservation — 82%. Thus, it has been established that the most optimal method of recovery of inflow and outflow pathways is one-time hybrid surgical interventions performed in 88% of these patients, which allow to achieve more effectively the recurrence of ischemia and maintain limb.