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Experimental Investigation of Emissions Characteristics of Small Diesel Engine Fuelled by Blended Crude Palm Oil

Biodiesel is an alternative, decomposable and biological-processed fuel that has similar characteristics with mineral diesel which can be used directly into diesel engines. Crude palm oil (CPO) is one of the vegetable oil that has potential for use as a fuel in diesel engine. However, Biodiesel is also an oxygenated fuel and more density, viscosity meaning it contains influences the emissions production during burning process. Despite years of improvement attempts, the key issue in using crude palm oil fuels is oxidation stability, high viscosity and much oxygen comparing to diesel fuel. Thus, the improvement of performance and emission exhausted from biodiesel fuels is urgently required to meet the future performance and emission regulations. Purpose of this study is to explore how significant the effect of biodiesel blends on the exhaust emission with different speed. The engine speed was varied from 1500-2500 rpm and CPO blending ratio from 5-15 vol% (B5-B15).The emission parameter have been tested in term of opacity, hydrocarbon (HC), nitrogen oxide (NOX), carbon dioxide (CO2 ) and oxygen (O2). Increased blends of biodiesel ratio is found to enhance the combustion process, resulting in decreased the HC emissions and also other exhaust emission element. The improvement of combustion process is expected to be strongly influenced by oxygenated fuel in biodiesel content.