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Anchorage of Headed Reinforcement in CCT Nodes

The behavior of headed reinforcement in concrete was studied using full-scale tests of compression-compression-tension (CCT) nodes. The mechanics of the anchorage behavior were observed and recorded to evaluate the manner in which the capacity of a headed bar is developed. The measured data were used to evaluate existing models of headed reinforcement anchorage as well as the ultimate limit state for anchored bars in CCT nodes. Observations from the CCT node tests provided information on the stages of truss development in a simple strut-and-tie model as well as the stress state of the concrete in the node and adjacent struts. Observations of headed bar anchorage have shown that the final anchorage capacity consists of peak head bearing and reduced bond. A model for anchorage capacity was produced based on this concept.