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Airway Management of the Parturient

Anesthesiologists involved in the care of the obstetric patient must consider airway management as an essential element. The importance of how well the airway is managed is emphasized in reports of the effect of anesthetic selection on maternal mortality, with a fourfold increase associated with general anesthesia versus regional anesthesia. Failure to achieve endotracheal intubation is one of the main causes of anesthesiarelated maternal mortality. The present chapter reviews basic anatomy and physiology of the parturient’s airway and the literature that is available to guide the clinician when deciding upon a particular technique of airway management.