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Weighted Least-Squares Solutions for Energy-Based Collaborative Source Localization Using Acoustic Array

Summary The Least-Squares (LS) acoustic source location estimation technique is reported for the application in a wireless sensor network. The technique uses acoustic signal energy measurements taken at individual sensors of a wireless sensor network to estimate an acoustic source location. In this paper, an improved formulation of this localization problem, which clarifies the LS estimation errors, is firstly presented. Then two weighted solutions, weighted nonlinear LS and weighted linear LS, are given. The weighting coefficients are derived from the energy measurements, which directly relate the energy strength with the estimation errors. Compared with existing LS methods, the weighted LS solutions deliver more accurate results and offer flexible implementation to reduce computational load. Extensive simulations are conducted to confirm the performance advantages.