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Utilization of Innovative Materials toward Permanent Magnet Synchronous E-Motors for Traction Application: A Review

This paper examines recent optimization attempts of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) design involving the utilization of innovative materials. Recent attempts at material based enhancements to PMSM design are divided into several sections based on key machine components. In the area of core design, the replacement of electromagnetic steel with new material is highlighted. With regard to winding design, several materials have been examined as replacement for the conductive copper used as the traditional winding material. The use of enhanced materials for next generation magnets is also investigated in this paper. Additionally, the utilization of novel materials for the weight intensive PMSM motor housing, cooling channels, and rotor shaft are investigated. Lastly, the utilization of enhanced materials for PMSM insulation of enhanced thermal performance is examined. Overall, this paper will highlight the strong potential of advanced materials to greatly enhance PMSM design and their viability for use in traction applications.