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Japan and the West

Parks M. Coble in Facing Japan sets out his aim as follows. ' I hope to provide new insights into the political development of modern China and the nature of Kuomintang rule', claiming that 'no existing work of Western scholarship comprehensively evaluates the Japanese issue in Chinese domestic politics during the 1930s' (pp. 8, 9). In terms of this aim the book is largely a success. This is a clearly written, balanced and scholarly work based on considerable archival research. It provides a useful descriptive account of political and military events between 1931 and 1937 in northern China. One of the central arguments is that Chiang Kai-shek reacted as he did because he felt that China ' could not equal Japan militarily and must go to extreme limits to avoid conflict' (p. 54), a policy of 'first internal pacification, then external resistance' (p. 241). The study is focused on 'political change in three areas, within the Nanking government itself, among the regional leaders, and in the rise of public opinion' (p. 360).