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Optimal Allocation of Distributed Energy Storage Systems in Weak Grid: A Case Study of Ali, Tibet

Nowadays, integrating more renewable energy into power systems has been viewed as an irreversible route to achieving carbon neutrality. However, with the trend of high renewable energy penetration, the randomness and volatility pose a great challenge to the power grid. Compared with the power system with strong inertia, the weak grid is more vulnerable to fluctuations caused by renewable energy generation. In this sense, distributed energy storage systems are necessary for a weak grid to mitigate the negative effect of renewable energy. This paper proposes an optimal location and sizing framework for distributed energy storage systems in a weak power system. Furthermore, the problem is formulated as a non-linear, non-convex optimization problem and solved by an adaptive particle swarm optimization. A real-world weak grid, Ali regional power grid, is selected to perform case studies and numerical results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.