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Cyanides in Metal Finishing: Risks and Alternatives Part 1: Technologies and Costs

SUMMARY Many organisations are under pressure to improve their safety culture and seek to replace cyanide-based processes with less toxic alternatives. A rational decision to change requires reliable data. The pressures to change are considered and the properties of currently available processes, their installation and operating costs, are critically compared. A future paper will consider the implications for effluent treatment and compare toxicology and environmental impact.