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The protective effects of sciadopitysin against methylglyoxal‐induced cytotoxicity in cultured pancreatic β‐cells

Increased glycation of macromolecules via the reactive dicarbonyl and α‐oxoaldehyde methylglyoxal (MG) has shown an association with diabetes and its complications. In the present study, the protective effects of sciadopitysin against MG‐induced oxidative cell damage were investigated in the insulin‐producing pancreatic β‐cell line, RIN‐m5F cells. When exposed to MG for 48 hours, RIN‐m5F cells experienced significant loss of viability and impaired insulin secretion; however, treatment with sciadopitysin protected RIN‐m5F cells against MG‐induced cell death and decreased insulin secretion. Treatment of RIN‐m5F cells with sciadopitysin prevented MG‐induced production of interleukin‐1β, intracellular reactive oxygen species and cardiolipin peroxidation. Furthermore, sciadopitysin increased adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase phosphorylation of RIN‐m5F cells. Treatment of cells with sciadopitysin increased the activity of glyoxalase I and decreased the levels of MG‐protein adducts, indicating that sciadopitysin protects against MG‐induced protein glycation by increasing MG detoxification. Taken together, the results indicated the potential utility of sciadopitysin as an intervention against MG‐induced cell damage in pancreatic β‐cells.