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EULERIAN THREE-PHASE FORMULATION WITH COUPLED DROPLET FLOW AND MULTIMODE HEAT TRANSFER

Numerical studies are presented for multiphase flows involving one dispersed phase (droplet flow) and three continuous phases (air, surface liquid film, and moving solid boundary), simultaneously. Conjugate heat transfer at the moving boundary includes conduction (solid and liquid layers), convection, impinging droplets, and other modes. An apparent heat capacity method is used in the context of a control-volume-based finite-element method (CVFEM). A freezing fraction of incoming droplets is used to predict the partial solidification in the flowing supercooled surface layer. A Eulerian formulation is presented, whereby volume averaging of the multiphase equations is performed, in contrast to tracking of individual droplet trajectories throughout the flow field (Lagrangian method). Predicted results are successfully compared against analytical and experimental data.