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Educational Game in Learning Arabic Language for Modern Islamic Boarding School

Modern Islamic Boarding Schools began to implement the 2013 Curriculum without overriding the cottage materials sourced from Kitab. The Kitab used is written in Arabic. Even some Kitab are written without harakat, or commonly called bald Arab. Therefore, students have demands to memorize a lot of mufrodat (Arabic vocabulary) and have a heavier learning burden. Arabic is the key to understanding students in the matter of the lodge. Though the learning process is carried out conventionally and theoretically without interesting learning media. The purpose of making educational games in learning Arabic that is adapted to the Arabic curriculum is so that students can balance K13-based learning with teaching processes that are more effective, efficient, and enjoyable. Researchers chose Grade VII students as users in this educational game because they are the first level in the junior high school unit and to increase the attractiveness of students in learning Arabic. The application creation process uses Construct 2 software, Adobe Illustrator 2019 and Adobe Photoshop CS6. The results of this study, based on the results of User Acceptance Testing (UAT) show the average value of interpretation or user ratings of 89.92% which shows that the level of acceptance of respondents in the category of “Strongly Agree”. The application can help students in memorizing mufrodat shown with an average percentage of 95.2%. This result is supported by the research instrument in 9 questions about valid and reliable questionnaires that were tested using IBM SPSS Statistics 25 software.


Introduction
Islamic boarding schools have transformed culture, systems and values, so they tend to break traditional traditions by transforming themselves into Modern Islamic Boarding Schools [1]. But by the public is still considered very backward in the mastery of technology, especially in the use of information technology for education [2]. Learning is done conventionally and theoretically without any interesting learning media. This reality is a problem faced by Islamic boarding school. Whereas Islamic boarding school has the potential for improvement when Law on National Education System No. 20 of 2003 Article 30 paragraph 4 places the position of Islamic boarding school in line with other educational institutions in Indonesia. Now Islamic boarding schools are not only identical as Islamic educational institutions but also develop general knowledge. General science has been studied in an Islamic boarding school since independence in 1945 [3]. In its development, there are now some Islamic Boarding Schools implementing education based on the 2013 curriculum (K-13) without ignoring local content of the pondok sourced from the Kitab. The Kitab used is a book that reads Arabic not translation. Mastery of Arabic is the key to understanding the contents of the Kitab. The integration of the 2013 curriculum with the boarding school curriculum produces an integrated complementary style of curriculum [4] [5]. The K13 can be illustrated as a competency-based curriculum design, where its development continues to focus on achieving competencies that are formulated from standard competencies [6]. The application of the education standard for local content of the pondok and K13 makes students in modern boarding schools have a heavier study burden than school students in general.
Based on research conducted by [7], the highest problem map faced by modern Islamic boarding school students is on study habits. Aspects of this learning habit problem include learning difficulties, difficulty focusing (concentration) and experiencing learning disabilities. Demanding students to be able to master religious and general subjects will create higher education system standards and be one of the external factors causing academic stress [8]. Some students who cannot survive In the world of education, technology has its role in the teaching and learning process, including learning through game media [9]. Several studies have shown the positive effects of video games on some cognitive processes, such as perception skills, visual and spatial abilities, short-term memory, attention and reaction time, and some generalizing effects on other tasks [10]. There is increasing evidence that using games to train and educate is effective [11]. Educational games are very interesting to develop compared to using conventional educational methods. The development of the game world has penetrated in fields other than entertainment [12].
In the previous study [13], making educational games for Elementary School Arabic Language lessons with a case study in SDIT An Nahl Jambi City assisted the learning process of conventional methods, in the design process used Adobe Flash CS6 which was equipped with images and audio. In the process of developing attention to the functional and non-functional requirements of the system. Among the non-functional requirements of the system were usability, functionality, and performance. Another study [14] designed the application of Arabic Language learning media for early childhood called Rebula by taking samples in children of the Al-Qur'an Education Park (TPA). The conclusion obtained from this application is the educational game can add unfamiliar vocabularies including the Arabic Language because it is equipped with images and audio. This study used SO based on Android studio. Some studies also developed games as learning media such as educational games as learning media for early childhood education by using Kinect [15] and Mystical Weapons of Nusantara which was created to introduce the traditional weapons by using MDA Framework [16].
Making useful games, first of all, it begins with the reason why the game is made [17]. However, further research on educational game media needs to be applied in the modern Islamic boarding school. Several previous studies have not yet found a serious study of gamification of Arabic lessons in Modern Islamic Boarding Schools. Arabic language learning media based on educational games is so minimal and rarely encountered. This research will develop an educational game as an Arabic learning tool in modern Islamic boarding school as an effective, efficient and fun learning medium that is interesting to learn how the gamification effects of learning Arabic content of local Islamic boarding schools on classroom learning. The game was made using construct 2.

Research Method
This research was conducted at the Imam Syuhodo Modern Islamic Boarding School. The affordable population in this study were student of class VII at Imam Syuhodo Modern Islamic Boarding School. Educational Game Learning Arabic Language developed with edutainment games because it emphasizes the educational side and also the entertainment side [18]. This material is adjusted from the Arabic Language guide book of durusullughoh al 'arobiyyah by Imam Zarkasyi and Imam Syabani used by the boarding school. Game Development Life Cycle (GDLC) is guidelines for developing a game. There are four GDLCs [19], in developing this educational game the researcher chose The Game Development Life Cycle (GDLC) as defined by Heather Chandler. The GDLC used is shown in Figure 1.

Pre-Production
The pre-production stage involves creating game designs and making game prototypes such as defining game genres, gameplay, mechanical/conventional games, storylines, characters, challenges, fun factors, technical aspects, and documentation of the elements in the Game Design Document (GDD) [20].

Storyline
The game consists of 2 materials, namely color and shape. This is a request from the teacher, when researchers conduct observations and interviews in Islamic boarding schools. The selected material has never been taught in class before. In each color and shape menu is divided into two main menus namely material and color. The material menu contains material that will be used as material in educational game play. The game menu consists of the easiest to most difficult levels. The concept of material and games that are applied in the shape and color menu is not much different.

Storyboard
Storyboard is an initial sketch drawing that is used as a planning tool to show how the game will be played. The storyboard game in learning Arabic Language can be seen in Table 1. It consists of 5 main scenes, with the following information: The color menu and shape menu has two submenus namely the material menu and the game menu The display of the material menu on the color menu and the shape menu The display of the game menu on the color menu and the shape menu

Production
The production phase is a refinement of the preproduction stage by implementing the concepts, designs, and plans contained in the Game Design Document (GDD) [21]. This stage also covers asset creation, programming and integration between assets and source code. The application creation process uses Construct 2 software and asset game created using Adobe Illustrator 2019 and Adobe Photoshop CS6.
Making an application starts from the display home application, material menu and game menu. The material menu is taken from the manual used and created with concepts that make it easy for the teacher to teach in class. In the game menu, the level starts from the easiest and most basic level and then rises to the harder level. The level game makes student practice problem solving.

Testing
System testing was done by the Black Box method. Black box testing is chosen for validation with a focus solely on the output generated in response to the selected input and execution conditions [22]. The test is done using a desktop with Windows 10 Operating System. The test results show that the educational game is running well in the target application. After testing using blackbox testing, the educational game was made into a learning medium in modern boarding schools based on the following steps guide.
The method of learning educational games in modern boarding schools begins with an analysis of hardware requirements. This is because not all modern boarding schools provide computer laboratories. The absence of a computer lab can be replaced with a laptop. Sound need to be prepared if needed. This method cannot be separated from the role of the teacher, because the teacher is involved in learning in class from beginning to end. The teacher explains the scope of the material to students so that students focus on the current discussion. The game application is operated waiting for instructions from the teacher. Before explaining the material in the material menu in the game, the teacher explains the function buttons of the game. In every educational game there are game instructions, so the teacher only needs to explain what already exists. After that, students work on the questions in the educational game from the easiest level to the most difficult. When students work on problems in this game, interactive learning will occur. Where students will compete to complete the levels in the game. The teacher becomes a facilitator when students encounter difficulties while working. In such conditions, students will not get bored in class because learning is effective, efficient, and fun. Students who complete the game level early can help other students who are struggling. This will train students' collaboration in solving problems. When compared with learning that is usually done in class, the teacher focuses on the material in the book and translates it one by one into Indonesian so that learning is teacher base learning. The teacher base learning method positions students like a sponge that absorbs all information from the teacher [23] and is used as an object. The impact is students in the class become passive and have low motivation in understanding the material. This educational game learning media combines teacher centered and student center, resulting in new collaborations with better results.

Post-Production
Post Production stage consists of post mortem and archive plans [24]. After testing the game, maintenance is carried out if at any time there are bugs or errors so that they are immediately handled and handled.

Application Display
On the main menu page there is a menu of colors, shapes, information, instructions, exits, sound buttons and music buttons. The information menu contains a notification of the source of material used in the game. The Help menu contains instructions for using buttons in the game. The sound and music buttons are used to activate and deactivate sounds and music in the game.   Figure 4 is a display of color and shape material. Display the material menu on colors and shapes made simple and attractive by involving images and audio. This audio is a mufrodat of the displayed image. Material delivered via audiovisual makes learning achieve maximum results [12]. On the material menu there are examples of using mufrodat, which students can learn so they can solve existing game menu problems.   Figure 6 is a display of game levels one to four in the color menu. Level one is a mix and match game where students only need to drag and drop colors to match the existing consensus. Level two uses the game connecting points between mufrodat and colors on objects. The correct answer can no longer be changed. Level 3 students must drag and drop the appropriate mufrodat into an Arabic sentence and each mistake will reduce one life out of the three existing lives. Level four is the most difficult level, where students must choose the right mufrodat to complete the existing story.

User Acceptance Test Results
This study uses a questionnaire to see user ratings of applications that have been made. Questionnaire testing was conducted in two classes of Imam Syuhodo's modern Islamic boarding school with a total of 46 students. The questionnaire was given after the game was tested. The questionnaire uses 5 Likert scale with positive statements that are given a score of 5,4,3,2,1 in the form of answers of Strongly Agree (SA), Agree (A), Neutral (N), Disagree (D), Strongly Disagree (SD) [25]. The ideal score is obtained by multiplying the number of respondents by 5 [14]. The ideal score in this study is 46x5 = 230. The process of calculating the percentage value uses the equation formula 1.
Persentasi Nilai =  The formula for calculating the average value percentage using equation (2):   [27]. Data collection in this study used questionnaires. The validity testing of the questionnaire in this study used the product-moment correlation between the score of each question with the total score. The test criteria were carried out by comparing the rcount with the rtable at the level of α = 5% and α = 1%. This study uses a significant level (α) = 0.05. The number of samples (n) = 46 respondents, sortable obtained by 0.291.

Reliability Test
A reliability test is used to measure the extent to which the results of a measurement can be trusted so that a level of consistency is obtained if measurements are made using the questionnaire repeatedly. Measurement is made using the Cronbach Alpha formula developed by Cronbach following Equation (3).
Notation: r11 = instrument reliability ∑ 2 = score of each item n = the number of items 2 = total variant The instrument was declared reliable with the minimum Cronbach Alpha value set of 0.6. If the Cronbach Alpha value obtained from the SPSS calculation results was greater than 0.6 then the questionnaire was reliable. The results of the questionnaire reliability test showed a Cronbach Alpha of 0.786. Therefore, it can be concluded that the research instrument used was reliable.

Conclusion
The application of educational games for learning the Arabic Language can be operated on a desktop with Windows 10 Operating System. Based on the results of User Acceptance Testing (UAT) shows the average value of interpretation or user ratings of 89.92% which is shows that the level of acceptance of respondents in in category of "Strongly Agree". Very successful educational game helps learning in Modern Islamic Boarding Schools more effectively, efficiently and fun combining the collaboration method of teacher base learning and student base learning.The application can help students in memorizing mufrodat shown with an average percentage of 95.2%. This result is supported by the research instrument in 9 questions about valid and reliable questionnaires that were tested using IBM SPSS Statistics 25 software.