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Strategies of Family Adaptation to Material Conditions in Polish Local Communities

This article discusses the results of an integrated—that is, both qualitative and quantitative—type of research. Different types of strategies for households coping with material challenges are reconstructed for different types of gminas, the smallest units of administrative division of Polish territory, which may be treated as complex, full-size local communities.1 These strategies are: occasional small earnings, investment in one's own farm, harder work and gaining new skills, repairs and renovations performed on one's own, thrift (in other words, good husbandry, which we also call home economy), savings and loans, and reliance on aid and selling off possessions. Strategies undertaken in different types of households and their interrelations with material living conditions are analyzed. The division of households into those living in relative poverty, in relative affluence, and in between is presented as well as the strategies applied by these households. The number of strategies adopted is indicative of the family's type and economic situation. Investment and hard work characterize higher income families.