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Selective Ion Flotation Separation and Concentration of Ultra Trace Amounts of Bismuth Using Arsenazo III and Its Determination by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry

A rapid, selective, and highly sensitive froth flotation method for the separation and enrichment of ultra trace amounts of bismuth is developed. The bismuth-Arsenazo III complex is concentrated from 1000 mL of aqueous solution into the scum in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a cationic surfactant. The proposed procedure of pre-concentration is applied prior to the determination of bismuth using inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Effects of Arsenazo III concentration, pH, CTAB concentration, and foreign ions have been studied. The proposed method possesses a pre-concentration factor of 500 and a detection limit of 0.28 ng mL−1.