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Noise on multiple-tau photon correlation data

The results of a theory of noise on photon correlation data is presented for the rather general case of a detector signal which can be modeled as a Gamma process. This model includes finite intercept effects and may even be used for heterodyne measurements. Multiple sample time measurements are considered with particular care and significant decreases of noise with increasing sample time are typically found at small as well as at large lag (and sample) times, if the standard normalization procedure is replaced by the symmetric or compensated normalization schemes. Large estimator covariances are observed across lag time ranges up to one coherence time. This type of correlated noise is typical for correlation measurements and may easily lead to overfitting problems. Experimental verifications are included for the noise calculations.