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The Uses of Soft Embalming for Cadaver‐Based Dissection, Instruction in Gross Anatomy, and Training of Physicians

Soft embalming (Thiel, W. Annals of Anatomy (1992) 174:185‐195; (2002) 184:267‐269) is a technique which relies on a mixture of salt compounds and very low amounts of volatile formaldehyde and formalin to effect fixation of tissue with a number of unique properties. Cadavers preserved with the Thiel Method have no detectable odor, a lifelike flexibility of body parts, excellent color preservation of muscle, viscera, and vasculature, and superior antimicrobial preservation properties. Introduction of embalming fluid through the external iliac artery and drainage from the superior sagittal sinus spares the inferior neck and femoral triangle regions from damage during the embalming procedure. This procedure presents a number of significant didactic advantages over traditional methods of embalming. Because of the more lifelike texture and color of structures students' dissections are of high quality, improving learning in the laboratory. Appreciating the actions of muscles at joints, especially in the extremities, is facilitated by the flexibility of the cadaver. Soft‐embalmed cadavers offer advantages over unembalmed cadavers or simulators in teaching clinical procedures, such as intubation, lumbar puncture, central line placement, thoracocentesis, and all fields of surgery, including pelvic floor repair and face lift. The flexibility of the peritoneal membrane and internal viscera allows soft‐embalmed cadavers to be especially useful in teaching laparoscopic surgical anatomy. Soft embalming holds much promise for further innovative educational uses in cadaver‐based anatomical and clinical instruction.