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Diffuse pigmented villonodular synovitis of the temporomandibular joint diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration cytology

Diffuse pigmented villonodular synovitis is a rare tumor in the temporomandibular joint region. This article deals with a 32‐yr‐old male who suffered from pain and swelling in the right temporomandibular joint region associated with restricted mouth opening. Computed tomography showed a tumor lateral to the temporomandibular joint. Arthrography revealed a displaced temporomandibular joint disk. Fine‐needle aspiration cytology showed characteristic cellular changes, including rounded or oval cells with abundant cytoplasm and intracytoplasmatic hemosiderin deposits and numerous multinucleated giant cells without nuclear atypia. A benign mesenchymal lesion suggestive for pigmented villonodular synovitis was diagnosed and later verified at histologic examination. Fineneedle aspiration cytology seems to be useful for this diagnosis.