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1469 MYOGLOBIN LEVELS IN MOTHERS AND NEONATES

This study was undertaken to provide information on myoglobin (Mb) levels in normal and distressed infants and their mothers at the time of delivery. 76 maternal and 70 cord sera, including 69 cord-maternal pairs, were examined using a radioimmunoassay method. The mean cord Mb was 28 ng/ml (range 4 to 111 ng/ml); the mean maternal Mb was 18 ng/ml (range 5 to 96 ng/ml). Mothers with complications of labor or delivery had significantly higher Mb (29 ng/ml) than mothers without difficulties (15 ng/ml, p < 0.05), but there was little correlation between maternal and cord values. Multiple regression models were constructed to assess factors influencing the Mb level. In both mothers and infants duration of labor, birth weight, fetal distress, and maternal complications were the most important factors. All contribute directly or indirectly to physical stresses which may be associated with release of Mb into the circulation. In infants race was also of importance, with black infants having higher Mb (mean 31 ng/ml) than white infants (23 ng/ml, p < 0.08); this was not accounted for by differences in stress-related parameters. There were no cases of renal failure among distressed infants, and Mb levels varied considerably in completely normal deliveries. Myoglobinemia probably contributes infrequently to the pathology of fetal distress.