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Photoreaction of DNA Containing 5‐Halouracil and its Products †

5‐Halouracil, which is a DNA base analog in which the methyl group at the C5 position of thymine is replaced with a halogen atom, has been used in studies of DNA damage. In DNA strands, the uracil radical generated from 5‐halouracil causes DNA damage via a hydrogen‐abstraction reaction. We analyzed the photoreaction of 5‐halouracil in various DNA structures and revealed that the reaction is DNA structure‐dependent. In this review, we summarize the results of the analysis of the reactivity of 5‐halouracil in various DNA local structures. Among the 5‐halouracil molecules, 5‐bromouracil has been used as a probe in the analysis of photoinduced electron transfer through DNA. The analysis of groove‐binder/DNA and protein/DNA complexes using a 5‐bromouracil‐based electron transfer system is also described.