{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.011922503725782414, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0, 'mean_word_length': 5.054054054054054, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
On the Meaning of the Romanesque Apse

Abstract Bandmann discusses the iconography of Romanesque churches, in particular the development of the apse in Germany and France. He examines earlier ceremonial or liturgical practices and architectural models, which influenced the Romanesque apse—from the apse in the Roman basilica, the early Christian mausoleum to the tomb church of Jerusalem. It is argued that the development of the apse and the spatial organization of the church is not the result of an immanent evolution of forms but depends on the intention of expression, and must be seen in relation to changes in liturgy and the adoption of new architectural models.