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Transition from diffusion-convection to sheath-convection of a cold Langmuir probe in a moving compressible plasma

The behaviour of the ion current to a negatively biased probe in a high-pressure, flowing plasma for the situation where the current cannot be considered to be solely dominated by either diffusion or convection is discussed. The transition has been investigated before; here, however, the cooling induced reduction in the local ion mobility and the distortion of the hydrodynamic flow pattern close to the probe are also taken into account. These problems arise inherently because in virtually every practical situation the probe is much colder than the plasma. Recent experimental results obtained in an MHD generator duct yield results which broadly lie between the former (no cooling) and present (very substantial cooling) theories.