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On Borrowed Time: How Occupational Licensing Affects Student Loan Debt

Rapidly increasing student loan debt has become a major policy issue in many countries over the past several decades. In the United States, student loan debt expanded from $0.2 trillion in 2003 to $1.5 trillion in 2020. Student loan debt is the second-largest category of household debt, following mortgage debt, and is the largest category of delinquent household debt in the United States. At the micro level, about two-thirds of recent college graduates finance their college education with student loans. Although a significant amount of time and attention has been devoted to the issue, the possible connection between occupational licensing and rising student loan debt remains largely unexplored.