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Mathematical formulation of hepatitis B virus with optimal control analysis

Hepatitis B infection is a serious health issue and causes many deaths around the world. The aim of this paper is to develop a mathematical model with hospitalized population to explore the dynamics of this infection. Initially, we study the model without control and carried out all the basic properties and results including local and global stability. After that, we develop the model with suitable optimal control strategies and explore the necessary optimality conditions using the well known Pontryagin's maximum principle to minimize the spread of hepatitis B in a community. Finally, we present the numerical simulations of both with and without control models to illustrate the feasibility of the control strategy.