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Bending, buckling and torsional resistance of rotary and reciprocating glide path instruments.

AIM
To evaluate the bending, buckling, and torsional resistance of ProGlider (PG) (Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland), R-Pilot (RP) (VDW, Munich, Germany) and WaveOne Gold Glider (WOGG) (Dentsply Sirona).


METHODOLOGY
Ninety instruments were used: 30 PG (size 0.16, 0.02v taper), 30 RP (size 0.125, 0.04 taper) and 30 WOGG (size 0.15, 0.02v taper). The bending resistance test was performed on 10 randomly selected instruments of each system according to the ISO 3630-1 specifications. For the buckling resistance test, a loading was applied in the axial direction of each instrument using a universal test machine, with a 20 N cell and 15 mm/min speed, in the axial direction. When a lateral elastic displacement of 1 mm occurred, the force was registered. The torsional resistance test was performed according to the ISO 3630-1 specification. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Student-Newman-Keuls test (P < 0.05).


RESULTS
WOGG had the lowest bending resistance, while RP had the highest bending resistance (P < 0.05). RP also had the highest buckling resistance and WOGG had the lowest (P < 0.05). PG had intermediate results regarding bending and buckling resistance, with significant differences to RP and WOGG (P < 0.05). RP had the highest torsional strength and the lowest angular deflection when compared to PG and WOGG (P < 0.05). No differences in the torsional strength and angular deflection were observed between WOGG and PG (P > 0.05).


CONCLUSION
The glide path instruments had different behaviours in term of bending, buckling and torsional resistance.