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Monitoring the Future National Survey Results: HIV/AIDS Risk & Protective Behaviors among Adults Ages 21 to 40 in the U.S., 2004-2015.

Public Domain Notice All material appearing in this publication is in the public domain and may be reproduced or copied, whether in print or non-print media including derivatives, without permission from the authors. If you plan to modify the material, please contact the Monitoring the Future project at mtfinformation@umich.edu for verification of accuracy. Citation of the source is appreciated, including at least the following: Monitoring the Future, Click on any item below (in blue) to go directly to that page. Click on any item below (in blue) to go directly to that page. Click on any item below (in blue) to go directly to that page. INTRODUCTION Monitoring the Future (MTF) is a long-term study of American adolescents, college students, and adult high school graduates through age 55. The study is supported under a series of investigator-initiated, competing research grants from the National Institute on Drug Abuse and has been conducted annually by the University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research since 1975. The present monograph focuses on a broad range of behaviors, including certain forms of substance abuse, related to the spread of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) responsible for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The population under study includes high school graduates ages 21–30 in the general population, surveyed since 2004; 35-year-olds surveyed since 2008; and 40-year-olds surveyed since 2010. HIV infection is a serious public health concern. Worldwide, more people live with HIV than ever before (Steinbrook, 2012). In the United States, about 1.1 million people are living with HIV, with 1 in 6 unaware of the infection (CDC, 2013). The 1990s saw decreases in HIV infection but, importantly, from 2002 to 2010 the trend in number of new HIV/AIDS cases and deaths remained largely unchanged (CDC, 2013). The present monograph addresses some of the factors that may be preventing further progress against HIV/AIDS. Each year, about 50,000 individuals become newly infected in the United States (Hall et al., 2008; CDC, 2013). MTF surveys assess both sexual risk behaviors and injection drug use, which are two main sources of HIV infection. In addition to the particular risk of HIV, young adults are also at high risk of contracting other sexually transmitted diseases and infections (STDs/STIs). About half of the 19 million STDs occurring annually in the United States affect individuals aged 15 to 24 (Weinstock et al., 2004). In this monograph we track some of the key …