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Surface and ambient air temperatures associated with different ground material: a case study at the University of California, Berkeley

The urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon rises as urbanization increases. A key characteristic of urban areas is artificial surfaces, which can absorb and store great amounts of heat throughout the day. While standard pavements like asphalt and concrete have been extensively studied, newly introduced pervious pavements have not been intensively analyzed. My study examined the surface temperatures of impervious, pervious, and natural ground materials and their association to ambient air temperatures in the urban microclimate. As a case study, I investigated an area on the University of California, Berkeley campus exhibiting open areas of asphalt, concrete, brick pavers, and grass lawns. I conducted field work mid- to late-winter and collected temperatures during the warmest time of day, between 2 p.m. to 4 p.m., using an infrared thermometer for surface temperatures and digital thermometer for air temperatures. Using ANOVA, I found differences in surface temperatures of each material, but air temperatures showed no significant difference. However, a correlation test showed strong and positive correlation between the surface temperature and air temperature of each material. An ANCOVA revealed that there was no significance between the rates of heating among materials. In conclusion, I determined that the UHI effect may be minimal during the winter in Berkeley.