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POLYMORPHISM OF APPLE SCAB VENTURIA INAEQUALIS IN BELARUS

Study of Venturia inaequalis (Cooke) Wint. polymorphism causing apple scab is due to the need to elaborate and implement breeding programs allowing to develop highly resistant apple varieties and systems of phytosanitary protection against the pathogen. The objects of research were 125 V.inaequalis monoisolates isolated in pure culture from the affected apple leaves of 31 varieties of various genetic and geographical origins, growing in the collection orchard of the Institute for Fruit Growing. The study aimed to define the morphological and genetic structure of apple scab pathogen populations. Differences between scab isolates were identified by the growth pattern and a complex of morphological characters that made it possible to divide them into three morphotypes. The study of the morphocultural characters of scab isolates made it possible to determine the diversity of isolated strains that will be used to 
create artificial infectious backgrounds. The method of DNA fragment analysis of V.inaequalis monospore isolates using 
SSR markers allowed to identify high allelic polymorphism in the population of the apple scab causative agent — 218 
alleles were identified due to the presence of a sexual process in the pathogen’s life cycle. A high degree of genetic 
diversity of the apple scab causative agent was identified both within the population and a group of strains isolated 
from the same variety.