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Impact of Domain Wall Pinning on the Dielectric Loss of Relaxor Ferroelectrics

Charge density wave theory is used to investigate the dependence of dielectric loss of relaxor ferroelectrics on temperature, frequency and concentration of impurities. The dielectric loss originates from the local pinning. The competition between the local and collective pinning leads to a peak in the curve of dielectric loss v.s. temperature as well as the curve of dielectric constant v.s. temperature. The peak temperature of dielectric constant TL, increases with increasing frequency and with decreasing concentration of impurities. The maximum dielectric loss is in proportion to TL and in inverse proportion to the barrier height. Our theoretical results agree qualitatively with the experimental results.