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Pulmonary tuberculosis with gallbladder involvement: A review and case report

illness and death worldwide. The incidence of TB in western countries has steadily declined, but this trend is reversing. Over the past decade the number of TB cases has increased dramatically in developing countries. This is attributed to an increasing proportion of cases among immigrants and refugees born in countries where TB is endemic, and to the increase in the number of cases of AIDS.1,2 The occurrence of TB in children implies recent transmission in the community and reflects the effectiveness of TB control programs. Around the world, almost 500 children die of TB each day and it has been estimated that 170 000 children die each year from the two most severe forms of disseminated disease, meningeal and miliary TB. In this paper a patient with primary progressive pulmonary tuberculosis who developed clinical signs of acute cholecystitis with inspissate bile (gallstones) is presented. To our knowledge such association is extremely rare in children and it remains unclear whether it was tuberculosis in origin or a side-effect of chemotherapy.