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Adaptations To Mitochondrial Dysfunction Via Inter‐Organelle Communication

During metazoan development and cell specification, mitochondrial biogenesis is tailored to match the physiologic requirements of individual cell types. Loss of mitochondrial activity, or mitochondrial dysfunction, is tightly linked with a number of seemingly disparate pathologic scenarios including neurodegeneration, cancer, diabetes and bacterial infection. My laboratory is interested in how cells evaluate mitochondrial function and adapt to survive and ultimately recover from mitochondrial stress. By studying a transcriptional response pathway known as the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), we identified ATFS‐1. Because this unique transcription factor has both a mitochondrial and nuclear localization sequence it can function as a sensor of mitochondrial function to couple defects in mitochondrial protein import efficiency and the activation of a broad mitochondrial protective transcriptional response. I will discuss protective roles for the UPRmt during a variety of physiologic conditions associated with mitochondrial dysfunction including during bacterial infection caused by pathogens that specifically perturb mitochondrial function to promote virulence.