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Direct Crystallization of Diamine Radical Cations: Carbon-Nitrogen Bond Formation from the Reaction of Triphenylamine with TiCl4, TiBr4, or SnCl4 vs Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation with SbCl5†.

We report the direct synthesis of diamine radical cations in crystalline form proceeding through oxidation of triphenylamine followed by the formation of a novel C-N bond. While the oxidative coupling of triphenylamine is well studied, diamine products are rarely captured in their radical cation state. The neutral diamine most frequently obtained from this reaction pathway is N,N,N',N'-tetraphenylbenzidine. Here, we have demonstrated the capture of radical cations of diamines in crystalline form in one step starting with neutral triphenylamine, and observed the formation of two products (the radical cations of N,N,N',N'-tetraphenyl-1,4-benzenediamine or N,N,N',N'-tetraphenylbenzidine) depending on the oxidizing agent used. The radical species are characterized by single-crystal X- Ray diffraction, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and optical spectroscopy.