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Design of a Blade Monopole Antenna for Airborne Communications Systems Using Particle Swarm Optimization Method

This paper presents the design of a blade monopole antenna for airborne communications systems using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method. A 3D simulation model was performed in the High-Frequency Structure Software (HFSS) to find the frequency response of the antenna. The PSO method was implemented in Python using the Anaconda platform, and a figure of merit sought to minimize Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) was established. HFSS and Python worked simultaneously to obtain the best values for the antenna parameters. The final antenna design was manufactured in aluminum and characterized by using a Vector Network Analyser (VNA). The simulation and measurement results showed a significant improvement over the reference antenna. The final design reduced the dimensions of the antenna and achieved a VSWR measured below 1.8 between 400 and 3000 MHz.