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The Effect of Tetrakis (hydroxymethyl)phosphonium Chloride (THPC) on Photo-Induced Vapor-Phase Grafting of Monomers on Wool and on the Subsequent Properties of the Grafted Wool

The photo-induced grafting of the monomers methyl acry late, methyl methacry late, acry lonitrile, and methacry lonitrile as vapors on wool, pre-wetted with water or 1% aqueous tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium chloride (THPC) was investigated. The effect of THPC in the wetting solution on the grafting process and on the properties of the grafted wools was determined. Wetting with 1% aqueous THPC increased the amount of polymer grafted on the wool but had only a slight effect on the color, tensile properties, stiffness, and wrinkle-rccovery properties of the grafted wools compared to grafted wools pre-wetted with water only. The THPC pretreatment had a marked effect on the dyeing and resultant color properties of the grafted wools dyed with two chrome-metallized acid dyes, Acid Orange 72 and Acid Violet 56. In most cases the THPC-treated grafted wools dyed at faster rates, to higher exhaustion, and to different shades than the corresponding grafted wools pre-wetted with water only. No significant differences between the THPC wetted and water-wetted grafted wools were found by scanning clectron microscopy.