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Messages, Communication, Information Security and Value

This paper addresses the problem of analysing an information system for security flaws or vulnerabilities in a way that is analogous to the analysis of a safety-critical system. In particular, instead of adopting the approach that security is a property that must be proved to hold (fault avoidance), it shows how to analyse a system for possible security failures so that fault prevention, tolerance, recovery or even fault acceptance techniques can be chosen where appropriate.