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Synthesis, property and field-emission behaviour of amorphous polypyrrole nanowires

Polypyrrole nanowires have been electrosynthesized by direct oxidation of 0.1 mol l−1 pyrrole in a medium of 75% isopropyl alcohol + 20% boron trifluoride diethyl etherate + 5% poly (ethylene glycol) (by volume) using porous alumina membranes as the templates. The as-prepared nanowires had a smooth surface and uniform diameter and were arranged in an orderly manner in a high density. The conductivity of a single nanowire was measured by the four-electrode technique to be 23.4 S cm−1 at room temperature. The field emission devices based on the nanowire array were fabricated and their operations were explored. The experimental results indicated that the field emission characteristics of the devices fitted well to the Fowler–Nordheim model of emission. The turn-on electric field was only 1.2 V µm−1 and the current density reached 200 µA cm−2 at 2.6 V µm−1.