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Experimental look at cochlear mechanics.

The mechanisms by which the organ of Corti is stimulated by acoustic stimuli are discussed on the basis of experimental observations. This discussion refers to the resonance theory as well as to the traveling wave (TW) theory. The measurement of the basilar membrane displacements, of the cochlear microphonic (CM) responses to pure tones and impulses, and the recording of the intracochlear acoustic pressure seem to indicate that, at least in the basal part of the cochlea and for frequencies up to the characteristic frequency of a given location, the cochlear responses do not exhibit large phase lags and long delays which characterize the one-dimensional long-wave models (in which a TW transports the energy along the cochlear partition). These experimental observations suggest that the cochlear partition is excited simultaneously as a whole, more or less like a bank of resonators, as proposed a long time ago by Helmholtz.