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Cricoarytenoid arthritis presenting as croup

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is one of the most common rheumatic diseases of childhood and a major cause of chronic disability. Most standard paediatric textbooks and review articles about this condition do not mention cricoarytenoid joint fixation as a presenting feature or complication.1 There are only a few cases reported worldwide, primarily in emergency medicine or anaesthesia journals.2 Early recognition of this potentially life-threatening condition can prevent the need for tracheostomy.