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Prospective teachers' ideas about the relationships between concepts describing the composition of matter

This paper analyses the relationships between concepts describing the composition of matter (substance, element, compound, mixture, atom and molecule) that were proposed by a sample of prospective primary education teachers in a conceptual map. Content analysis and cluster analysis showed there to be up to 21 different relationships and four equally representative categories: (a) correct macroscopic and microscopic relationships, but with the association of element-atom; (b) correct macroscopic relationships, but without including the concept of mixture and with the associations element-atom and compound-molecule; (c) other particular relationships; and lastly (d) no knowledge of any relationship between these concepts. Finally, the activities that are used with the prospective teachers, concerning the relationships between these basic concepts, are described.