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Intelligent Frequency Control of an AC Microgrid with HSA Designed Tilt Controller

This research paper addresses a robust tilt PID controller for stabilizing frequency of an AC Microgrid under various functional conditions. The proposed tilt PID controller is structured in optimum by employing a novel harmony search algorithm (HSA). Microgrids are structured with integration of different micro sources like micro-turbine, small diesel generator, fuel cell, wind generator, solar photo voltaic (PV) cells etc. It has been verified that most of micro sources are renewable energy based and also possesses large dynamics and low inertia. The unpredictable large dynamics of wind generator and PV cell creates instability issues in the Microgrid system. On other hand these inertia less generating units are unable to capture sudden load change hence a serious frequency instability occurs in the Microrid system. In order to pertain stability over system frequency a high control action is required under various disturbances. Apart from load deviation, wind fluctuation and solar intensity variations are the main disturbances in the Microgrid system to cause frequency oscillation. So this article has proposed a novel HSA designed tilt PID controller for frequency control of an AC Microgrid under different uncertainties.