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Magneto-Thermodynamic Effects in Chemical Reactions

The magnetic field effects on the thermodynamic properties of chemical reactions were systematically studied. In the formulation, the chemical influence of magnetic fields due to magnetostatic energy was represented by the magneto-chemical potential for each component and the magnetic free energy change per unit reaction. Then the general formulae were derived for the magnetic field-induced changes in the equilibrium constant and the heat, free energy and entropy of reaction. In the calculation, the general formulae were applied to a ferromagnetic metal-hydrogen reaction and the magnetic field effects were numerically evaluated for two reactions in the single system LaCo5–H2. In the experiment, the magnetic field effects were observed by applying high magnetic fields of 10–30 T to the system LaCo5–H2. The observed results agreed qualitatively and quantitatively with the corresponding calculated ones. This study resolved the issue of the thermodynamic effects of magnetic fields on chemical reactions.