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Transcriptomic analysis of lignocellulose degradation by Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) and elicitation of secondary metabolites production.

Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) is considered as the model strain among the Streptomyces and has the capacity to produce several natural molecules. Our hypothesis was that cultivation of the strain onto a complex carbon source such as wheat bran would induce the production of various secondary metabolites due to the presence of complex polysaccharides. A multi-approach has been performed in order to investigate: 1) whether that strain could degrade lignocellulose; 2) which enzymatic and metabolic pathways secondary were over-expressed when grown on wheat bran. The transcriptomic approach showed the expression of several CAZymes significantly expressed when grown on wheat bran such as endoglucanases (encoding for GH74, GH5_8 and GH12) and xylanases (GH11 and CE4 encoding for respectively endo-1,4-beta-xylanase and an acetyl-xylan esterase). Enzymatic activities showed an expression of xylanase (115.3 ± 32.2 mUI/mL) and laccase-peroxidase (101.5 ± 10.9 mUI/mL) during wheat bran degradation by Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). Metabolomics showed that the production of secondary metabolites differed between growth on either glucose or wheat bran as carbon source which may be correlated to the complexity of carbon compounds within wheat bran which are similar to the ones encountered in soils and should represent more the in situ carbon conditions which Streptomyces might face off. This opens opportunities for the bioproduction of molecules of interest from wheat bran.