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Proposal of a System to Identify Failures and Evaluate the Efficiency of Internal Combustion Engines of Thermal Power Plants

Thermoelectric plants are one of the main forms of energy generation in the world, being the second main source of generation in Brazil. However, with rising fuel costs and greater concern for the environment, controlling the efficiency levels of these plants has become critical. This work presents a system to identify failures and evaluate the efficiency of internal combustion engines used in thermal power plants. To assess efficiency, the developed system monitors subsystem losses (such as cooling, lubrication, turbocharger, etc.). In addition, sensors for cylinder pressure and instantaneous speed were installed and comprise an online monitoring system for the pressure condition of each cylinder of the engines. All this is combined into a supervisory system that presents the Sankey diagram of the engine as its main information online and remotely. To validate the system, experiments were carried out in a controlled configuration (where faults were purposely inserted) and in a Brazilian thermal power plant. The results show that by using in-cylinder pressure and the WOIS database, it was possible to detect the presence of a fault as well as pinpoint its location.