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Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of Two-Fold Helix-Based Chiral Crystallization by Confined Interhelical CH/π Contacts

Controlling chiral crystallization, which remains one of the biggest challenges in crystal engineering, brings enormous advantages in material sciences, especially chiral industries. This work demonstrates that chiral crystallization is controllable by designing structures of 2-fold helices, which affect the manner of interhelical interactions. Here we show an example of chiral crystallization by using achiral primary ammonium carboxylates having simple chemical structures: naphthyl and tert-butyl groups. Their crystal structures were precisely investigated by focusing on hydrogen-bonded 2-fold helices along with theoretical calculations. Consequently, a key role of interhelical CH/π contacts in chiral crystallization was found to be not attracting but arranging chiral 2-fold helices. More importantly, a clear difference was found in densities of 2-fold helices and their stacking between chiral and achiral crystals.