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Observations of infrared radiative cooling in the thermosphere on

16 17 Abstract. We present observations of the infrared radiative cooling by carbon dioxide (CO2) and 18 nitric oxide (NO) in Earth's thermosphere. These data have been taken over a period of 7 years 19 by the SABER instrument on the NASA TIMED satellite and are the dominant radiative cooling 20 mechanisms for the thermosphere. From the SABER observations we derive vertical profiles of 21 radiative cooling rates (W m -3 ), radiative fluxes (W m -2 ), and radiated power (W). In the period 22 from January 2002 through January 2009 we observe a large decrease in the cooling rates, 23 fluxes, and power consistent with the declining phase of solar cycle 23. The power radiated by 24 NO during 2008 when the Sun exhibited few sunspots was nearly one order of magnitude 25 smaller than the peak power observed shortly after the mission began. Substantial short-term 26 variability in the infrared emissions is also observed throughout the entire mission duration. 27 Radiative cooling rates and radiative fluxes from NO exhibit fundamentally different latitude 28 dependence than do those from CO2, with the NO fluxes and cooling rates being largest at high 29 latitudes and polar regions. The cooling rates are shown to be derived relatively independent of 30 the collisional and radiative processes that drive the departure from local thermodynamic 31 equilibrium (LTE) in the CO2 15 μm and the NO 5.3 μm vibration-rotation bands. The observed 32