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No association between prenatal antibiotic exposure and atopic dermatitis among Japanese infants

Prenatal antibiotics exposure has been suggested to be a risk factor for childhood allergic disease, possibly by affecting the development of a healthy and diverse microbiome, which is important for immune maturation (1-3). Atopic dermatitis (AD) is often the first manifestation of the so-called 'atopic march' and has a prevalence of over 10% among children in many developed countries (4). We aimed to investigate the association between prenatal antibiotics exposure and AD at age 1 in the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS).