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PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF ARTEMISIA PALLENS

Artemisia pallens Walls. ex DC, commonly known as Davana, is an aromatic herb found abundantly in humid habitats in the plains all over India. Artemisia pallens is found in Nilgiri hills, and has been used by the tribal people for various ailments. It has been widely used in Indian folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. This plant is accredited with antihelmintic, antipyretic and tonic properties and also considered as a good fodder. The oil possesses antispasmodic, antibacterial, antifungal and stimulant properties. The plant has been screened for the antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antinociceptive and wound healing activity. The current study deals with the Phytochemical and Pharmacological of Artemisia pallens. INTRODUCTION: Genus Artemisia (Asteraceae) popularly known as “Sage Brush” or “Worm wood” is bitter aromatics. Artemisia is the largest genus comprising of 400 species widely distributed in South Africa and South America, and 34 species are found in India. This genus is named in honor of Artemis the Greek goddess of chastity. Some of them are sources of volatile oils. Sesquiterpene lactones are known to be present in almost all species . Artemisia species are invariably found as small fragrant shrubs or herbs and most of them yield essential oils. Some of these oils are used as medicine such as vermifuge, stimulant and in perfumery, etc. The leaves of some species are used as culinary herbs. The plants themselves are popular among gardeners as cultivated ornamentals. Artemisia umbelliformis is traditionally used to treat loss of appetite and digestive spasms. Some Artemisia species are used as stomachic, stimulant, flavoring, antioxidant, antihelmintic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, carminative etc. India is one of the richest sources of medicinal & aromatic plants. The wealth of India is stored in enormous amount of natural flora, which has been gifted to her. Endowed with a diversity of agro climatic condition, India is virtually a bioethical garden of the world. India possess different ecosystem ranging from temperate in Himalayas to tropical in South India, dry in central India to humid & wet in Assam & Kerala, thus providing conditions favorable for growth of different medicinal & aromatic plants. The medicinal plant based drugs have the added advantage of being simple, effective & offering a broad spectrum of activity with an emphasis on the preventive actions of drugs. Because of these factors, the demand for plant-based medicines (phytomedicine & phytopharmaceuticals) is increasing worldwide . The flowers of Davanam are racemose panicles bear