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Measurement of two plasma triglyceride lipases by an immunochemical method: studies in patients with hypertriglyceridemia.

Postheparin plasma lipolytic activity consists of two hydrolytic activities, hepatic triglyceride lipase and lipoprotein lipase. These two enzymes were separated and partially purified by means of ammonium sulfate precipitation and affinity chromatography using Sepharose with covalently linked heparin and concanavalin A, respectively. Antibodies were produced against hepatic triglyceride lipase and they did not cross react with lipoprotein lipase. Optimal conditions for selective precipitation of hepatic lipase and specific measurement of these two lipases were investigated. This method was applied to the study of 15 patients with hypertriglyceridemia and 8 patients with familial lecithin-cholesterol-acyltransferase deficiency of whom 6 also had a marked elevated plasma triglyceride concentration. All patients had normal values of hepatic plasma lipase. All 8 patients with Type I and 2 of 4 patients with Type V hyperlipoproteinemia had lipoprotein lipase activities that were markedly reduced. The patients with Type III hyperlipoproteinemia and all 8 patients with lecithin-cholesterol-acyltransferase deficiency also had normal lipoprotein lipase values. These studies emphasize the necessity for differentiating between triglyceride lipase activity of hepatic and extrahepatic origin in evaluating patients with impaired triglyceride metabolism.