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Multidrug‐resistant tuberculosis in transplant recipients: Case report and review of the literature

Transplant recipients are at increased risk of tuberculosis (TB). We describe a case of pulmonary and vertebral multidrug‐resistant TB (MDR‐TB) in a kidney transplant patient who required neurosurgical intervention and unfortunately developed fatal nosocomial complications. Thirteen transplant recipients with MDR‐TB were previously reported in the literature (one hematopoietic cell transplant, one heart transplant, one lung transplant, one heart‐lung transplant, and nine kidney transplant recipients). Extrapulmonary disease, severe treatment complications, and deaths were observed in patients who developed MDR‐TB after transplantation.