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Development, implementation, and evaluation of a Professional Practice Model: A scoping review.

AIM
To synthesis available literature describing the development, implementation, and evaluation of a Professional Practice Model.


BACKGROUND
A Professional Practice Model is an overarching theory-based framework that depicts nursing values and defines the structure and process of nursing care. No research has synthesised available literature on this topic in recent times.


EVALUATION
A review of English language papers published from 2015 to 2022. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria.


KEY ISSUES
All studies highlighted the importance of having a Professional Practice Model that reflects nursing care activities and resonates with nurses across an organisation. This is achieved through strong leadership and clinical nurse involvement during the development, implementation, and evaluation phases. In addition, a model should be adapted to keep up to date with scientific changes relevant to nursing.


CONCLUSIONS
This review adds to the body of knowledge on the development, implementation, and evaluation of a professional practice model. Future research exploring the benefit of a Professional Practice Model on patient outcomes would be useful.


IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT
The key elements of a PPM including, six components and theoretical foundation, have been summarised in this review. Nurse leaders should consider these key elements in the creation of a PPM. For successful enculturation a PPM needs to relevant to all nurses and easy for them to articulate.