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Chronic adenosine A2A receptor blockade induces locomotor sensitization and potentiates striatal LTD IN GPR37‐deficient mice

Adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) play a key role in modulating dopamine‐dependent locomotor activity, as heralded by the sensitization of locomotor activity upon chronic A2AR blockade, which is associated with elevated dopamine levels and altered corticostriatal synaptic plasticity. Since the orphan receptor GPR37 has been shown to modulate A2AR function in vivo, we aimed to test whether the A2AR‐mediated sensitization of locomotor activity is GPR37‐dependent and involves adaptations of synaptic plasticity. To this end, we administered a selective A2AR antagonist, SCH58261 (1 mg/kg, i.p.), daily for 14 days, and the locomotor sensitization, striatum‐dependent cued learning, and corticostriatal synaptic plasticity (i.e., long‐term depression) were compared in wild‐type and GPR37−/− mice. Notably, GPR37 deletion promoted A2AR‐associated locomotor sensitization but not striatum‐dependent cued learning revealed upon chronic SCH58261 treatment of mice. Furthermore, chronic A2AR blockade potentiated striatal long‐term depression in corticostriatal synapses of GPR37−/− but not of wild‐type mice, thus correlating well with neurochemical alterations of the adenosinergic system. Overall, these results revealed the importance of GPR37 regulating A2AR‐dependent locomotor sensitization and synaptic plasticity in the basal ganglia circuitry.