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The ultrastructure of chick intestinal absorptive cells during Eimeria acervulina infection.

Abstract In order to better define structural alterations in the intestine during the course of infection with Eimeria acervulina, chick duodenal mucosa was examined by light and electron microscopy, 1, 5, 10, 13, and 21 days after oral infection with the parasite. Marked histopathological and ultrastructural alterations were seen on day 5. These were variable and correlated with the number of coccidia present in the tissue. By light microscopy, severely infected mucosa contained dense granules and no longer had an identifiable brush border. Edema in the lamina propria was the only abnormality observed 21 days after the start of the infection. By electron microscopy, areas of normal appearing cells existed beside damaged cells, even in heavily infected epithelium. Marked mitochondrial damage was seen on day 5. On day 21, principal cell mitochondria were unusually large. Many had a rod-like structure protruding from the main body of the organelle. Centrioles were unusually prevalent in cells of the mid-portion of the villi on days 13 and 21 post-infection. The observed changes in cell morphology were related to changes in nutrient absorption during infection and recovery from coccidiosis.