{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.02091254752851711, 'fraction_numerical': 0.008555133079847909, 'mean_word_length': 5.901639344262295, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Driver mutations of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence govern the intestinal epithelial global translational capacity

Significance Deregulated global mRNA translation is a feature of various cancers and considered important in oncogenic transformation. In colorectal cancer (CRC), the role of the most common driver mutations in APC, KRAS, SMAD4, and TP53 on the global translational capacity are incompletely understood. Here, using mouse and human intestinal organoids, we found that each mutation governs the global translational capacity of the epithelial cell. Global translation is linked to known oncogenic hallmarks, including cell proliferation and growth upon accumulation of these mutations, posing the translational apparatus as a potential therapeutic target in CRC. Deregulated global mRNA translation is an emerging feature of cancer cells. Oncogenic transformation in colorectal cancer (CRC) is driven by mutations in APC, KRAS, SMAD4, and TP53, known as the adenoma-carcinoma sequence (ACS). Here we introduce each of these driver mutations into intestinal organoids to show that they are modulators of global translational capacity in intestinal epithelial cells. Increased global translation resulting from loss of Apc expression was potentiated by the presence of oncogenic KrasG12D. Knockdown of Smad4 further enhanced global translation efficiency and was associated with a lower 4E-BP1-to-eIF4E ratio. Quadruple mutant cells with additional P53 loss displayed the highest global translational capacity, paralleled by high proliferation and growth rates, indicating that the proteome is heavily geared toward cell division. Transcriptional reprogramming facilitating global translation included elevated ribogenesis and activation of mTORC1 signaling. Accordingly, interfering with the mTORC1/4E-BP/eIF4E axis inhibited the growth potential endowed by accumulation of multiple drivers. In conclusion, the ACS is characterized by a strongly altered global translational landscape in epithelial cells, exposing a therapeutic potential for direct targeting of the translational apparatus.