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A Survey of Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have proven to be exceedingly useful in varied real world applications, solving critical and sometimes lifesaving problems. WSNs are being used to detect forest fires, landslides, earthquakes, study marine biology, air quality, etc. They have also found useful applications in military, industrial settings and security monitoring. Due to such a wide variety of applications, each having different and sometimes unique set of requirements,  new contributions are continuously being made. In this paper, we first outline the main design considerations and goals for developing  routing protocols for WSNs. Then we use these design parameters as a framework to survey some of the recently proposed routing protocols for WSNs. Finally we do a performance and feature comparison of these protocols.