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Conservation study of relief murals and painted murals in the ‘Three Lanes and Seven Alleys’, Fuzhou, Fujian, China

The ‘Three Lanes and Seven Alleys’ site is one of the 10 famous historic and cultural streets in China. The site is located at the heart of the Fuzhou town centre, Fujian, and the construction commenced in the late West Jin Dynasty (265‒316 CE). It occupies 40 hectares of land and has 268 historical monuments dating from the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The relief and painted murals in the traditional houses of the ‘Three Lanes and Seven Alleys’ reflect the rich and unique cultural context of Fuzhou residences. The houses have long suffered from poor maintenance and most of murals are on the courtyard walls and therefore exposed to the external environment, which has resulted in serious conservation problems. The priority of this project was to carry out a rescue conservation on site for these extremely vulnerable remnant murals and plaster decorations. We studied the traditional techniques, materials used, the environment, and the causes of deterioration, to devise treatment methods. The treatment was tried out in small localised areas, and extended gradually to the whole. We carefully selected protective and sealing agents and insisted on using original materials and the original techniques. As a rescue treatment, we applied consolidation, detachment, grouting, and cleaning to conserve the surviving relief and painted murals (Fig. 1). However, most of the murals located on the eaves of exterior walls, corridor skirting, and decorative 「三坊七巷」 是中國十大歷史文化名街之一。位於