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Leveling the Metropole: Awakening and Disillusionment in Yi Sang’s “Tokyo”

Introduction The life and works of the enigmatic artist now best known as Yi Sang are inextricably imbricated with the modern histories of Korea and Japan. Yi came into the world Kim Haegyŏng on September 23, 1910, less than one month after Japan formally annexed Korea. He was born in the capital city of Seoul, then Keijō, where he spent a full twenty-six years of his life. He lived only twenty-six years and seven months, passing away on April 17, 1937 during his first and only stay in Tokyo. Prior to his roughly six months in the empire’s capital, his entire experience outside Keijō had consisted of two brief trips to convalesce at local hot springs resorts—one in Inch’ŏn, only a short distance from his home and only for one week, and the other in Sŏngch’ŏn, which was more remote and where he managed to endure three weeks.1 Thus, prior to his final half year in Tokyo, Yi essentially knew only Keijō, the capital city of Chosen, and an integral part of the growing Japanese empire. He was born into a situation where there was no Korean nation state, came of age in a Keijō that often aspired to mimic Tokyo, and died in a Tokyo that was the undisputed metropole of a