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Abstract 17212: Whole Exome Sequencing Identifies Novel Genetic Variants in Left Ventricular Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy


 Introduction:
 Causal and modifier genes associated with left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) often occurring in conjunction with other familial cardiomyopathies remain elusive.
 
 
 Hypothesis:
 The LVNC-associated di- and multigenic abnormalities can be identified by whole exome sequencing (WES).
 
 
 Methods:
 Five families with a history of LVNC, including five affected probands, three affected family members, and twelve unaffected relatives, were studied. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood samples followed by WES and Sanger sequencing to confirm possibly pathogenic variants predicted by
 in-silico
 analysis. Phenotype-genotype correlation and quantitative co-segregation studies are performed.
 
 
 Results:
 We identified nine missense possibly pathogenic variants, a 2-bp frameshift insertion, and a 9-bp in-frame insertion in the five families. Two affected siblings in Family 1 were found carrying digenic heterozygous variants: c.4048G>A (p.E1350K) in
 MYH7
 and c.827C>T (p.A276V) in
 ANKRD1.
 Unaffected parents were carriers for each of the two variants. Three affected members, father and two daughters, of Family 2 carried c.550A>C (p.K184Q) variant in
 MYH7
 in contrast to two unaffected members, mother and another daughter. In Family 3, multigenic heterozygosity (c.673G>T (p.D225Y) in
 CACNA2D1
 ; c.440T>A (p.V147E) in
 COQ4
 and c.3700C>A (p.H1234N) in
 MYH7)
 was identified in the proband. These variants were found in none of three unaffected relatives. The proband of Family 4 was positive for heterozygous variants: c.2684_2685insAG (p.A897Kfs*3) in
 DSC2
 , c.8633T>C (p.V2878A) in
 OBSCN
 , and c.11717C >T (p.T3906I) in
 PLEC.
 The T3906I PLEC variant was identified in his unaffected half-sibling and his father, but not in his mother. In Family 5, c. 2591A>T (p.D864V) in
 HDAC9
 , c.9616C>T (p.R3206W) in
 PLEC
 and c.954_955insT (p.L319Sfs*74) in
 MYH14
 were identified in the proband. None of those variants were identified in his unaffected sibling.
 
 
 Conclusions:
 We report several potential pathogenic LVNC-associated variants in novel genes (ANKRD1, DSC2,
 OBSCN
 ,
 PLEC, HDAC9, MYH14, COQ4, CACNA2D1)
 and known genes (
 MYH7
 and
 MYH7B).
 The diverse profile of inheritance (digenic and multigenic heterogeneity) that may cause and modify the heterogeneous LVNC phenotypes.
