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The effect of annealing in different atmospheres on the luminescence of polycrystalline TiO2

Polycrystalline samples of titanium oxide were prepared by thermal sintering, in argon and air atmospheres at temperatures ranging from 1100 to 1500 °C, from powders of anatase and rutile phases. The samples sintered in argon were further treated in oxygen at the temperature of 800 °C for intervals of time up to 8 h. The luminescence emission of the initial powders was situated in the green region, with the peak at 580 nm. The sintering treatment in argon leads to a decrease of the luminescence intensity that appears as a broad band peaked at 550 nm in the case of anatase and as a band peaked at 450 nm in the case of the rutile phase. The sintering treatment in air causes the quenching of the emission in the visible region. In both cases, a sharp and intense emission appears in the infrared region at 800 nm for rutile and 820 nm for the anatase phase. The blue emission is sensitive to the treatment in oxygen atmosphere which causes mainly an intensity increase of the band at 450 nm. The treatment in oxygen results in the reconstruction of the polycrystalline sample surface as hexagonal shape protrusions and large terraces.