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Assessment of patient close in mammography using Monte Carlo simulation

Breast doses due to mammographic examinations were assessed using a MIRD-type female phantom and Monte Carlo simulations. Clinical mammographic data, which vary according to the age group of the subject undergoing the examinations, were obtained from the Korea Cancer Center Hospital in Seoul. The tube potential was fixed to 26 kVp, most commonly used in the mammographic examination, and the source-film distance was kept constant at 65 cm. The breast tissue was assumed to have an even composition between.glandular tissue and adipose tissue. The nominal breast equivalent doses were in the range from 0.6 to 1.8 mSv and the resulting effective doses ranged from 0.06 to 0.19 mSv depending on the age group and the projection modes. Lower doses were resulted at older ages. Contributions of organs other than the breast to the effective doses were negligible as long as the X-ray beam was adequately collimated and aligned to avoid exposure of other part of the body than the breast. This means that a simple breast-only phantom can be used in dosimetic calculations for mammography.