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Model of optimal combination scheduling based on passengers’ willingness to pay for the demand of bus seats

This paper proposes a new model of optimal combination scheduling, which has a background of the spread of highquality public transport. Considering passengers’ willingness to have a seat on the bus, we design a bus line with two kinds of bus types; one is the regular buses with few seats and flat fare, the other is the VIP buses with enough seats for everyone and a higher fare. An optimization model is formulated based on a two-party game (involving the transit enterprise and the passenger) to determine the optimal combination bus schedule of regular bus and VIP bus. The nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) is adopted to solve the model. With numerical experiments, we demonstrate the feasibility of the mathematical model.