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Effect of luteal-phase support on endometrial L-selectin ligand expression after recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone and ganirelix acetate for in vitro fertilization.

CONTEXT
The impact of different types of luteal phase support on endometrial receptivity after ovarian stimulation has not been investigated.


OBJECTIVE
Our objective was to evaluate the impact of different luteal-phase support protocols on sex steroid levels and on endometrial expression of L-selectin ligand after ovarian hyperstimulation with a GnRH antagonist protocol.


PATIENTS AND DESIGN
Seventeen oocyte donors who underwent ovarian stimulation with a recombinant FSH/ganirelix acetate protocol were randomized into three groups: group I had no luteal-phase support; group II had luteal support with micronized progesterone; and group III had luteal support with progesterone plus 17beta-estradiol. All donors had endometrial biopsies on the day of retrieval, and then 3, 5, and 10 d after retrieval. In addition, they had serum estradiol and progesterone measurements on d 3, 5, and 10.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Endometrial L-selectin ligand expression was detected by immunohistochemical staining in the luminal and glandular epithelium. A histological score was used for the quantification of the immunostaining. Sex steroid levels were measured during the luteal phase.


RESULTS
By d 10 after retrieval, there was a significant decrease in mean progesterone levels in group I compared with the other two groups that may reflect the expected demise of the corpus luteum. There was also a significant increase in the presence of L-selectin ligands in the luminal epithelium in group III.


CONCLUSIONS
During controlled ovarian stimulation with a GnRH antagonist protocol, luteal-phase support with micronized progesterone and 17beta-estradiol seem to increase endometrial L-selectin ligand expression in the luminal endothelium.