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Alteration in Plasma Paraoxonase Levels and its Relation with Coronary Artery Disease

The precise etiology and mechanism underlying the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) remain incompletely understood although a number of risk factors have been identified over the past several decades. In this context, an attempt has been made to estimate the extent of oxidative stress mediated lipid peroxidation, alteration in plasma paraoxonase and non-enzymic antioxidants level in co-ordination with conventional CAD risk factors and to determine the role of these antioxidants in CAD patients. Plasma paraoxonase, non-enzymic antioxidants level (ascorbate, tocopherol and uric acid), erythrocyte malondialdehyde (MDA) and serum lipid profile contents were estimated in 50 CAD subjects (30-60 years) and statistically compared it with that of 30 healthy individuals served as control by using student’s t-test. Despite existence of conventional CAD risk factors, significant alteration in the levels of aforesaid parameters was observed. Plasma paraoxonase, ascorbate and tocopherol levels were significantly low in CAD subjects as compared to controls whereas plasma uric acid erythrocyte MDA levels were significantly high (p<0.001) in CAD subjects. These findings suggest that alteration in plasma antioxidants level, as a consequence of augmented oxidative stress plays an etiopathological role in the development of CAD along with other classic risk factors including dyslipidemia, hypertension and obesity. Thus, exogenous antioxidant supplementation, modification in nutritional behavior and life styles can offer the strong ground in the amelioration of CAD related risk and its consequent sequelae.