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Fringe Benefits: Manet's Olympia and Her Shawl

In his depiction of a shawl in "Olympia", Edouard Manet portrayed a fashion accesory that transacted a token of exchange whose significance had been animated by a lively and politically nuanced discourse involving class, gender, and economics. It was a commodity whose mute surface had been invested with desire and demand; its implication as a gift was mediated by a logic of consumption that sent a message about socially regulated mobility and class distinction. Olympia's shawl announces to the viewer its commodity value, signifying her elevated price as an article of merchandise to be purchased.