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Common variable immunodeficiency in an adult with recurrent pneumonia.

Primary immunodeficiency syndromes are rarely diagnosed among adults. Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a congenital immunological disorder characterized by defective antibody production. In this report, we describe a 35-year-old male suffering from a common variable immunodeficiency, referred to us because of a lobar pneumonia. He had a history of recurrent pulmonary infections, which was present months before presentation, suggesting hypogammaglobulinemia. We found a severe hypogammaglobulinemia, which confirmed the diagnosis of CVID. His immunoglobulin profiles upon admission before infusion of immunoglobulin (normal ranges) were: IgG < 1.41 (8-17) g/l, IgA 0.25 (0.85-4.9) g/l, IgM 0.182 (0.5-3.7) g/l, and IgE < 2 (< 120) IU/ml. His HLA profiles were HLA A2 A26, B18 B38, Cw7, DR11 and DQ7 DQ9. He was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin. After this regimen, his IgG was maintained at > 6.0 g/L. On follow up, he has been free of opportunistic infections. In conclusion, CVID should be considered in the differential diagnosis of recurrent pneumonia in adults.