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Design of a transparent LC based reconfigurable antenna

In this paper, we describe a preliminary design for a transparent liquid-crystal-based patch antenna for solar cell, mobile and satellite applications. The motivation for this transparent LC approach is to combine the dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystals radiating elements to obtain a frequency and pattern reconfigurable antenna, which can be dynamically steered without physically modifying the antenna and compromising transparency. This is essential if such antennas need to be used in remote applications such as microsatellites. The antennas can be overlain on solar cells to save space and payload. In the system, we propose to use an inverted microstrip patch antenna with a cavity depth of 0.5mm filled with DLA 100-100 liquid crystals. This paper describes the simulation, antenna design and frequency reconfiguration results. The results are essentially optimistic with a frequency agility of 200 MHz at 6.6 GHz, with some indications of inefficiency. The causes for the losses have been identified and discussed. Further optimization is suggested, which will be employed in due course.