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IL-17 ELISpot as Predictor for Kidney Allograft Rejection?

BACKGROUND
IL-17 expression in kidney biopsies had been described as predictive of allograft rejection.


METHODS
We tested the hypothesis that IL-17A ELISpot responses towards a pool of third party cells could predict acute rejections of kidney allografts. This assay determines alloresponses but does not require donor cells. IL-17A ELISpot assays were performed in 50 kidney transplant recipients prior to transplantation. Seventeen of the recipients suffered from acute allograft rejection.


RESULTS
We observed that the amount of IL-17A producing T cells did not differ between transplant recipients with and without kidney allograft rejection, rebutting our hypothesis. Further, we found that the alloreactivity before transplantation correlated with the reaction against the mitogen phythohemagglutinin (r = 0.5, p = 0.0009).


CONCLUSIONS
IL-17A ELISpot was not predictive of acute kidney allografts rejection. But ELISpots after stimulation with allogeneic cells and phythohemagglutinin could similarly detect the "general" capacity of T cells to secrete IL-17A.