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[Fertility in Bogota, Medellin, Cali, and Barranquilla. National Household Survey: stage 15].


 This document presents the results of the household survey conducted in 1977 in Bogota, Medellin, Cali, and Barranquilla in Colombia. Main objective of the survey was to gather reliable indicators of fertility rate. The survey included 6084 households and a total of 9561 women aged 15-49. Fertility rate decreased in 3 cities between 1973 and 1977; from 87 to 84/1000 in Bogota, from 77 to 70/1000 in Medellin, from 94 to 90/1000 in Cali, and it increased from 93 to 106/1000 in Barranquilla; consequently family size decreased during the same period. Several reasons can explain this decrease in the fertility rate: 1) a decrease in the percentage of legally or consensually married women, 2) an increase of 0.19 to 1.21 years in the age at marriage, and 3) an increase in the age at first delivery. A direct and inverse correlation was found between the educational level of the mother and parity, and between the marital status of the mother and parity, married women having more children and earlier in life than either unmarried women or women living in consensual unions. In all cities surveyed women holding a job outside of the home had fewer children than housewives, 3.1 versus 3.5 in Bogota, 3.3 versus 4.6 in Medellin, 3.1 versus 3.5 in Cali, and 3.3 versus 3.9 in Barranquilla. It must be remembered that the percentage of women in the labor force has increased from 35%, 31%, 29%, and 29% in 1964, to 38%, 39%, 39%, and 36% in 1977 in the 4 cities considered. Women coming from rural areas and living in the city for less than 1 year have the highest fertility rate, in all age groups. Registration of births is not always accurate; married women tend to register the birth of their children more than unmarried, separated, or widowed mothers. The percentage of births outside the hospital was, in 1977, 15% in Bogota, 13% in Medellin, 22% in Cali, and 26% in Barranquilla. The higher socioeconomic classes tend to go to the hospital for delivery more than the lower classes. Barranquilla is the city with the highest percentage of multiple deliveries, or 5.1%.
