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The Plowshare Program and Copeland's Suez Energy Deception

Miles Copeland, a senior Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) operative during the 1950s, has written extensively about his experiences in the Middle East. While his works are very familiar to those interested in the intelligence and diplomatic history of that era, his reputation for veracity is to some extent blemished. In particular, his claim regarding a planned United States deception operation during the Suez crisis of 1956 is familiar and intriguing, but largely unconfirmed or even closely examined. Probably because of Copeland’s mixed reputation, it has never received the attention it deserves. This claim involves an alleged plan developed by a group under the sponsorship of then-Secretary of State John Foster Dulles. Copeland refers to this scheme as ‘‘Operation Rainbow,’’ a deception meant to convince Arab states that the United States was on the verge of overcoming dependence on oil via a technological breakthrough and, thus, induce them to reduce the price of crude petroleum by affecting the future economic expectations of producing countries. The deception was supposedly to involve an ersatz experimental facility secluded in the western United States, as well as elaborate fake operations to support the ruse. Reportedly, the plan was discarded when it was shown that, even under the most optimistic scenarios involving the discovery of new energy sources, the United States would still remain extremely dependent upon Middle Eastern oil. The complete Copeland quote follows: