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Varicose Veins and Associated Risk Factors among Women in the Childbearing Period in Benha city, Egypt: A cross-sectional study

Background : Varicose veins (VV) are a common chronic venous disorder. Women in childbearing period are at high risk and suffer from serious complication including pain, discomfort, leg cramps, ulceration, poor quality of life, absenteeism, and even loss of life. The objective of the present work is to study the prevalence of leg varicose veins, and to identify socio-demographic, lifestyle and other possible risk factors among women in the childbearing period. Patients and Methods : A cross-sectional study was conducted among 410 women in the childbearing period (15-50 years old) attending Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic at Benha University Hospital, through an interview questionnaire and a clinical examination according to CEAP classification [clinical manifestations (C), aetiological factors (E), the anatomic distribution of disease (A), and underlying pathophysiological findings (P)]. Results : The prevalence of VV was relatively high (51.5%) among the studied population. Univariate analysis showed that age, occupation, education, BMI, family history of VV, lack of exercise, high blood pressure, major contusion with prolonged healing, fracture in lower limb, long standing duration, and shorter exercise duration were significantly associated with the occurrence of VV. Logistic regression showed that family history of VV was the most independent predictor (OR 6.23, 95% CI: 3.62-11.06). Conclusion: It is concluded that after controlling for age, logistic regression revealed that family history was the most independent predictors of VV. A suggested comprehensive preventive and control program was designed by the researcher to be tested in further study in the soon future.