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Progress in deformation monitoring for dams, bridges and power lines

Satellite-based spatial technologies have found more and more applications to ground information extraction and analysis, among which positioning and image generation represent typical results to support varied applications. Currently, both structural and operation safety issues regarding large constructions and infrastructures have become increasingly challenging due to the rapid development of urban reconstruction and complex operation conditions, and these challenges have thus drawn wide attention. This article discusses theoretical and technical aspects of employing GPS (global positioning system) for deformation monitoring and analysis of large and linear-shaped buildings like dams, bridges and power lines. Differences among and communication links in these applications including network configuration and data processing schemes and the practical outcomes achieved are discussed. The article also discusses the deformation monitoring problem of using a SAR (synthetic aperture radar) interferogram image for deformation identification and analysis of some special structures like power lines under freezing and inaccessible conditions. Technical issues related to deformation monitoring for dams and river banks are also discussed to improve on practical applications.