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Subvolume projection: A full exploitation of function coherence for volume rendering

Direct volume rendering techniques present a huge potential for displaying a great amount of information in 3D data sets within one image. However, generating such an image is extremely expensive, and rendering for high quality pictures is far from interactive. Traditional volume rendering approaches are based on a cell-by-cell model. They consider cells as the smallest manipulation object. The time complexity of the volume rendering is determined by the number of cells, and the image quality, to some extent, is affected by the cell tessellation of volumes. Many scientists and technicians rarely venture to research the exploitation of coherence of function distribution over scalar fields through partition of data volumes. This paper proposes a new volume rendering approach: subvolume projection. It not only exploits the spatial coherence of cells but employs fully the spatial coherence of function distribution to partition a volume into a number of subvolumes, so that the function varies slowly over each subvolume. Each newly generated subvolume can be considered as containing a single material and treated as the smallest unit instead of cells in the processing. Based on the subdivision of the volume, this paper discusses the calculation of intensity contributed by the subvolumes in detail. Theoretical analysis and a variety of experimental results show that the new approach improves image quality and reduces rendering time period. (Usually the new algorithm is three to four times faster than the traditional volume rendering algorithms).