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Hyperthermal Beam for Oxidation and Nitridation Produced by Laser Evaporation of Mixed O3/N2O Cryogenic Film

We have performed KrF pulsed-laser evaporation of a cryogenic film consisting of a mixture of ozone (O3) and nitrous oxide (N2O) to obtain an energetically reactive beam for oxidation as well as nitrogen (N) incorporation. The ejection of hyperthermal nitric oxide (NO) molecules as well as hyperthermal oxygen (O) atoms and N2O molecules was observed at a relatively high laser fluence. The generation of additional NO molecules is explained by the chemical reaction between O atoms in the electronically excited state, which are generated from photodissociation of O3, and surrounding N2O molecules during the evaporation process. By applying this beam to Si, we have achieved an extremely high oxidation rate and 4–7 at.% N incorporation even at room temperature.