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Acute torsion of the gallbladder

Just over 300 cases of torsion (volvulus) of the gallbladder have been recorded1-3 since Wendel4 first described the entity in 1898. Two distinct clinical types of gallbladder volvulus have been described5: incomplete torsion, usually < 180 degrees, which often has gradual onset with or without a palpable mass that may disappear after spontaneous detorsion; and complete torsion, usually > 180 degrees, which more frequently has an acute onset with severe upper abdominal pain. In the complete type, twisting of the cystic duct and vascular pedicle results in closed-loop obstruction and hemorrhagic infarction of the gallbladder. In this paper, two cases of acute torsion of the gallbladder, which were seen in our institution within an eight-month time period are presented.