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EXPRESSION OF SELECTED CANDIDATE GENES DURING DIFFERENT STAGES OF CORPUS LUTEUM DEVELOPMENT IN CYCLIC EGYPTIAN BUFFALOES

The current study was done to investigate the expression profile of selected candidate genes in corpus luteum of cyclic Egyptian buffaloes. A total number of nine corpora lutea (CLs) was collected from 9 cyclic slaughtered female Egyptian buffaloes. Based on their developmental phases and morphological features, CLs were classified into; growing (around days 3-5), static (around days 7-10) and regressed (around days 19-21 of the estrous cycle). Transcript abundance of genes regulating mitochondrial activity (SOD2, TFAM and CPT2), lipid metabolism (SREBP1), pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNFα) and oxidative stress (NFE2L2) was assessed relative to GAPDH as a housekeeping gene. Relative gene expression profiles of TFAM and SOD2 increased (P ≤ 0.05) in static phase compared to both growing and regressed phases. Transcript abundance of both CPT2 and SREBP1 was significantly higher at static phase, while was at minimum level of expression during regression phase. The expression profile of NFE2L2 revealed insignificant differences among the studied phases of CLs. Relative transcript abundance of TNFα was higher (P ≤ 0.05) at regression phase compared to growing and static ones. Taken together, the pattern of genes regulating mitochondrial activity and lipid metabolism were higher during growing phase and reached a plateau in static phase and fully declined during regression phase. Meanwhile, the transcript abundance of pro-inflammatory cytokine gene denoted an opposite trend. Thus, gene expression profile reflected the cyclic changes of buffalo corpus luteum development.