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A new generation of polymer nanoparticles for drug delivery.

One of the main interests of using polymer nanoparticles as drug carrier systems is to control the delivery of the drugs including their biodistribution. During the last decade, it was clearly demonstrated that surface properties of nanoparticles were the key factor which determined the in vivo fate of such a carrier. Thus, the purpose of this work was to develop a new method which allows the easy fabrication of nanoparticles with versatile surface properties using polysaccharides. This preparation was based on the use of a redox radical polymerization reaction applied for the first time to the emulsion polymerization of alkylcyanoacrylates in aqueous continuous media. The dispersion of nanoparticles was very stable. The nanoparticle surfaces were coated with polysaccharides and their characteristics can be modulated by the type and the molecular weight of the polysaccharides used during the synthesis. Interestingly the biological properties of the polysaccharide immobilized on the nanoparticle surface can be preserved opening very interesting perspectives for such nanoparticles. This method also offers a new strategy for the design of modular biomimetic nanoparticles as drug carrier systems with multiple functions. One of the applications considered in this work was to use these nanoparticles coupled with haemoglobin as an oxygen carrier.