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[Placental infections with Plasmodium in an endemic zone. Risk factors].

A survey has been carried out during eight months in the hospital of Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso) in view to observe the infection of the placentas by Plasmodium and their risk factors. One thousand forty pregnant women were included. Infection rates were 6.5% during the low transmission season and 24.5% during the high transmission season. P. falciparum was present in all the infections. Thirty eight per cent of the women under 18 years old and 26% of the primigravidae were infected. The mean difference in birth weights between the newborn babies of primigravidae with infected or non-infected placentas was 275 g. The regular visits to antenatal clinics, a high level of education and sufficient income were linked with a low level of placental infection. The use of bed nets was linked with a low level of placental infections even after suppression of the other socio-economic data. These observations are discussed in view of an action against malaria in endemic areas.