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Alexander Bogdanov and His Philosophical Legacy

A true Renaissance man, Alexander Aleksandrovich Bogdanov (born Malinovsky, 1873 1928) was one of the most creative and interesting thinkers of the twentieth century. A simple list of the fields of study to which he made significant contributions would be quite long. Bogdanov was a physician, natural scientist, economist, philosopher, poet and writer who even wrote well-received novels in the then still evolving genre of science fiction. A lifelong revolutionary and a forerunner of cybernetics and organization theory in science, he developed a concept of (social) ideology, interpreting it as a form of social consciousness and placing it in relation to social psychology. He was a founder of and research associate at the world’s first institute for blood transfusion, where he – a practicing medical doctor – experimented on himself. Tragically, one such experiment, in which he exchanged his blood with that of a patient, led to his sudden death. He was not a dilettante in any of his diverse occupations, producing original results in quite a few fields, including philosophy, economics, creative writing, and biology. Several of his ideas across multiple disciplines were decades ahead of his time. It is hard to single out one field he contributed to as his primary. Yet philosophy was certainly one of them. Many of Bogdanov’s philosophical ideas were already present in embryo in his early published works, which mainly focused on problems of economy and a historical approach to nature. Representing a young generation (as opposed to Georgi Plekhanov) of Marxist writers in Russia, he attempted to reconstruct Marxism according to the findings of modern epistemology, specifically Ernst Mach’s Russian Studies in Philosophy, vol. 57, no. 6, 2019, pp. 477–481. © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC ISSN: 1061-1967 (print)/ISSN 1558-0431 (online) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10611967.2019.1724043