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Study of electrochromism in Ti:WO3 films by sol-gel process

Electrochromism in sol-gel deposited WO3 films containing TiO2 has been observed. The films are deposited by spin coating from peroxo-polytungstic acid and titanium isopropoxide precursors. The films were fabricated on quartz and SnO2:F coated glass substrates. Films were heat treated at 150 degree(s)C. Morphology of the films was examined by scanning electron microscopy, which indicated that the films were smooth and had a pore free surface. Results will be presented detailing the optical switching during electrochemical lithium intercalation. These results will be used to compare the performance of the Ti doped WO3 films with other electrochromics. The Ti:WO3 films all color cathodically, and the color state is a neutral grayish blue color, while the bleached state is transparent and colorless. Results of the cyclic stability will also be presented. The neutral color of the Ti:WO3 films means that electrochromic windows based on Ti:WO3 may have significant advantages over WO3-based windows. A detailed analysis of the optical properties of the bleached and colored states of the films will be presented. The dynamics of coloration for these films is also under investigation, and preliminary results will be presented.