{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.03589375448671931, 'fraction_numerical': 0.010768126346015794, 'mean_word_length': 5.060869565217391, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Analysis of mRNA expression levels for cyclooxygenase isozymes and prostanoid synthases in the rat hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus after restraint stress

Stress-induced sympathetic activation such as increases in plasma catecholamine levels is crucially integrated in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN). We previously reported that the stress-induced plasma catecholamine responses might be mediated by cyclooxygenase isozymes (COX-1 and COX-2), prostaglandin E2 and thromboxane A2 in the brain. In this study, we examined the levels of mRNA expressions for COX-1, COX-2, microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) and thromboxane A synthase (TxS) in the rat PVN after 6 hours restraint stress (RS). The RS decreased mRNA expressions of COX-1 and TxS, whereas it increased those of COX-2 and mPGES-1. Next we examined the RS-induced nuclear factor κB (NFκB) and IκB-α mRNA expression levels in the PVN. Although RS did not alter the mRNA expression of NFκB, it significantly elevated mRNA expression of IκB-α. Furthermore, intraperitoneal pretreatment of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), an inhibitor of NFκB, enhanced the decrease in mRNA expressions of COX-1 and TxS, but did not affect those of COX-2 and mPGES-1. The present results suggest that these changes in the mRNA levels in the rat PVN may underlie in the RS-induced sympathetic responses. Poster Sessions