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The role of consecutive postural adjustments (CPAs) during postural control in isometric ramps pushes

Postural adjustments involved in the stabilising reactions, related to voluntary movement, have been described at least since Babinski’s (1899) observations. Since then, many experimental studies have been run. They focused mainly on anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs), following the pioneering work of Hopf and Hufschmidt (1963) and Belenkii et al. (1967). On the other hand, very little attention has been paid to the consecutive postural adjustments (CPAs), which occur after the end of voluntary movement. The aim of this paper was to stress the role of CPAs, as compared to APAs, and to specify certain aspects of postural control. To this end, maximal isometric ramp pushes were studied. They were performed by subjects in two sitting postures differing in the ischio-femoral contact with the seat. This task was chosen because it offers many advantages, which have already been developed (Le Bozec and Bouisset 2004). In this work, two of them can be emphasised: (i) since push originates in the focal chain, and as the upper limbs are fully extended, the kinetics should be located in the postural chain; and (ii) since the subjects are seated, a change in ischio-femoral contact with the seat is not difficult to obtain, which produces two different peak push force values, each of them resulting from a maximal effort, without perturbing gross body balance.