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THE EMERGENCE OF A SYNTACTICAL NOTION: “GENITIVE OF THE OBJECT” AND “GENITIVE OF THE SUBJECT” IN CONTINENTAL RENAISSANCE GRAMMARS OF LATIN

The paired notion of GENITIVUS OBIECTIVUS: GENITIVUS STJBIEOTIvus is a deeply rooted concept and working tool in grammatical writings, scholarly ones äs well äs practical ones, from the 19th Century on wards. As a rule, when one deals with these two "meanings" of the genitive, reference is made to ambiguities within the nonünaHzation (occisio hostis allegedly eonveying both the fact of the enemy being killed and that of the enemy killing). Whether the neutralization is depicted äs one of the actor/goal Opposition or äs one of the active/passive verb forms, thus being transferred to the categories of the governing verbal noun, such ambiguity is taken for granted. I have shown elsewhere that, at least for one phase of Latin, such ambiguities are non-existent, in the same way that they do not exist within the finite-verb syntagm. Similar observations had been made for other Indo-European and non-Indo-European languages. However, the idea of non-distinguishability is there, äs God's truth, and without further questioning, also in the most recent publications on the Classical languages, such äs A. Scherer's Handbuch der lateinischen Syntax, and it is, of course, going strong in general linguistic literature since Chomsky's The shooting of the hunters. It is our objective here to look into some of the vicissitudes of this grammatical notion. It is Gellius (9. 12. 13 ff.) who is generally invoked whenever the subject is genitivus obiectivus vs. genitivus subiectivus: