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Breast cancer at the end of a successful century: meeting highlights from the First Milan Breast Cancer Conference and discussion paper for the Second Conference (Milan, 14-16 June, 2000).

The last years of the past century have brought us the striking news of the first decline in breast cancer mortality, at least in many parts of the world. As the XIX century was marked by the introduction of the Halsted mastectomy with results suggesting it might be effective treatment for the disease, the XXth century was marked by the concepts of conservative surgery and adjuvant medical treatment. Now, the diagnosis and treatment of patients with breast cancer using evidence-based medicine is continuously evolving and it is opening a new era of a more rigourous and ‘scientific’ approach to the clinical management of every single patient. Sources of information on risk, imaging, early diagnosis, surgery, radiation therapy, systemic treatments, rehabilitation and support provide an enormous base which reaches physicians and patients through complex mechanisms of communication. Mass media, industrial efforts, and scientific publications are important elements in a field, which once used to be the domain of academics and professional societies. The First Milan Breast Cancer Conference – a joint venture between the European Institute of Oncology and the European School of Oncology (in the frame of its Inside