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Fabrication of Low-Voltage Electron Source from Patterned Arrays of Aligned Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Ropes

With an enhanced field amplification factor (β) owing to their high length/diameter ratios, macroscopically long ropes of aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) showed a very low operation voltage in field emission measurements, along with an excellent emission stability under ultrahigh vacuum. SWCNT rope field emitters of similar lengths and diameters were fabricated into patterned arrays in a desired area at a designed distribution density to meet the requirements of a high emission current for an electron source. A tractable means to diminish the influence of the screening effect by introducing insulating partitions into SWCNT rope arrays was developed. The as-prepared low-voltage electron source typically realized current densities of 1–10 mA/cm2 at a voltage of no more than 1000 V.