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Improvement of industrial phosphorus diffused emitters and impact on solar cell efficiencies

In this study, we investigate the importance of the minority carrier lifetime (rp0) and surface recombination velocity (SRV) of industrial n-type emitters in improving emitter performance and improving solar cell efficiency. When emitters with higher τp0 values are applied to Al-BSF and PERC solar cells separately, they show slightly different responses to the increase in τp0. Simulation results indicate that PERC solar cells receive a larger efficiency enhancement with the same increase in τp0 than that for Al-BSF cells. This is due to the fact that emitter recombination can be a major contributor to efficiency loss for solar cell structures like PERC where the rear surface is well passivated by dielectric stacks. Additionally, LDSE cells have a stronger dependence on the surface passivation quality, especially for the PERC structure.