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Surface-Ionized thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacryl amide) hydrogels with faster response

Abstract Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels have been successfully modified by concentrated sulfuric acid for the first time. The modified hydrogels displayed faster, larger magnitude and hydration/dehydration dynamic response to temperature cycling without increasing the lower critical solution temperature (LCST). These contributions were attributed to sulphate ester groups resulting from terminal hydroxyl groups of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). These results may lead to technological application for temperature-responsive thin film and microgel particles with higher surface-to-volume ratio.