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Synthesis, molecular modelling studies of indolyl chalcone derivatives and their antimalarial activity evaluation

Abstract Twenty one chalcone derivatives were synthesized using Claisen-Schmidt condensation, their antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum was determined and quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) was developed. Condensation of substituted acetophenones with various aromatic aldehydes at room temperature gave chalcones in 75–96% yield. Chalcones are secondary metabolites of terrestrial plants, precursors for the biosynthesis of flavonoids and exhibit various biological activities. Antiplasmodial IC50 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) activity of a compound against malaria parasites in vitro provides a good first screen for identifying the antimalarial potential of the compound. The most active compound was Trans-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(2’-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-one (1b) with IC50 of 2.1 µM/L. Molecular mechanism was explored through in silico docking & ADMET studies for the active compounds.