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Biological properties of poliovirus encapsulated in lipid vesicles: antibody resistance and infectivity in virus-resistant cells.

We present evidence that poliovirus can be encapsulated in synthetic large phospholipid vesicles. The virus associated with the vesicles is found to be (i) resistant to antiserum against poliovirus and (ii) infectious for cells that are normally resistant to virus infection because of a membrane restriction. Our interpretation of these results is that the virus is entrapped in the interior aqueous space of the vesicles and that this vesicle-associated virus is introduced directly into the cytoplasm of the cells via fusion of the vesicles with the cellular plasma membrane, bypassing the surface receptor-mediated restriction.