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Cannabidiol: Navigating the Evidence

Cannabidiol, also known as CBD, currently has a ubiquitous presence in our society. According to a 2019 Gallup survey, 1 in 7 Americans (14%) said they personally use CBD-containing products. Although the exact mechanism of action of CBD is currently unknown, many of the potential benefits of use are evident. In the Gallup survey, CBD users cited relief from pain (40%), anxiety (20%), insomnia (18%), and arthritis (8%) as their top reasons for using it. Another 4% and 7% cited “general health” and “other” as their respective reasons for using CBD; it is possible that some were using it to manage their diabetes and the associated complications. People with diabetes may have questions and need guidance from diabetes care and education specialists (DCES) when contemplating CBD use. The purpose of this article is to assess the evidence regarding the effects of CBD in people with diabetes. A literature search of PubMed using the terms cannabidiol, CBD, marijuana, diabetes, and any combination of these words resulted in 213 articles after limiting the results to English and full-text availability. Articles published before 2015 and those that were not human studies were excluded. The remainder were then assessed for relevance based on the objective, resulting in 10 articles for review (Figure 1). When discussing the articles, it is necessary to provide the relevance of the data, hence some animal model information is provided as background.