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Glycolytic and pentose phosphate pathway enzymes in jejunal mucosa. Adaptive responses to alloxan-diabetes and fasting in the rat.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme, hexokinase, and pyruvate kinase activities were measured in the 105,000 × g supernatant fraction of jejunal mucosa and liver of control, alloxandiabetic, and 72-h fasted rats. Alloxan-diabetes was associated with elevated activities of these enzymes in jejunal mucosa. In contrast, fasting reduced the activities of these enzymes. Hepatic enzyme activities were reduced by both diabetes and fasting. Pair-feeding or a 24-h fast reduced the increased mucosal weight of diabetic rats to that of control animals, but jejunal enzyme activity remained similar to control values suggesting that hyperphagia and mucosal hypertrophy are not the sole cause of the elevated enzyme activity in diabetic jejunum. These studies demonstrate a unique response of jejunal mucosal glycolytic and NADPH-generating enzymes in alloxan-diabetes. The elevated activities of these enzymes in diabetic jejunal mucosa contrasts with the reductions in the activit...