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Evaluation of Different Biomedia Performance for River Purification: Preliminary Stage

There is national concern about rivers pollution degree. The Malaysian Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID) is running a project for river biological purification using biomedia to reduce the river pollution degree. This study aims to use different types of biomedia carrier for effective management of the river purification plant project. Water samples were collected and tested for various essential parameters. A biomedia laboratory setup was fabricated for the research with seven different types of biomedia, and water sampling was collected daily and weekly for analysis purposes. The experimental results show that the best removal efficiency was achieved by biomedia Type 1 and was 88% and 65.5% for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD), respectively. Followed by biomedia Type 3 achieved an average of 58 percentage for ammonia (NH3-N) removal. Overall, the best removal efficiency performance of biomedia Type 1 achieved the calculated rate of 68 %. The cleanest effluent was biomedia Type 4. For accumulated biofilm formation, the highest total volatile solid (TVS) was the biomedia Type 4. Finally, the best inclusive performance is biomedia Type 1. Future studies are recommended to conduct a pilot scale study with a longer time frame and to study these selective types of biomedia in anaerobic and anoxic condition.