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Divine Grace, Gender and Reciprocity: The Cult of the Virgin Mary at Fatima

Abstract: This paper addresses the issue of reciprocity between the human and Divine realm as they are represented and understood in the ‘payment of promises’ complex at the Fatima shrine in Portugal. The argument develops from recent anthropological discussion based on Mediterranean ethnography which presupposes an opposition between two cultural constructions: a concept of freely distributed Divine ‘grace’ and a predominantly calculated realm of ‘honour’. The argument presented in this paper questions this common view and instead, views grace as part of a sphere of calculated reciprocity akin to that which is at work in the mundane world.