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Angular correlations in beauty production at the Tevatron at root s= 1.96 TeV

Graduate student Bram Wijngaarden of the Institute of Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics has studied the production of beauty quarks at the particle accelerator of Fermilab, near Chicago. Beauty quarks are produced in high-energy particle collisions. By measuring the angle between two beauty quarks produced in the same collision, the strong nuclear force can be studied. The beauty quarks quickly decay into other particles. These particles are detected through the electrical signals they make in the detector of the D-zero experiment. Beauty quarks can be distinguished from other particles because of their large mass and their relatively long decay time. In the first-order approximation, the theory predicts that the two beauty quarks always move apart at an angle of 180 degrees. This study shows that in several cases, the angle is much smaller. The second-order approximation predicts this effect but differs quantitatively from the measurement.