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TPA‐induced invasion of HT29 cells are mediated through ROS production and AMPK deactivation (1055.5)

AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a member of serine/threonine protein kinase which serves as an energy sensor in all eukaryotic cells. In the present study, the role of AMPK in cancer cell metastasis was investigated. We found that 12‐O‐tetradecanoyl phorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA), a tumor promoter, induced invasive behavior of HT‐29 colorectal cancer cells, which corresponded to increased ROS production and MMP‐7 expression, whereas TPA suppressed phosphorylation of AMPK in the cells. The TPA‐induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and invasion of HT29 cells were inhibited by NADPH oxidase inhibitors (apocynin and diphenyleneiodinium), ROS scavengers (Vitamin C and Vitamin E), and AMPK activator (AICAR). Taken together, TPA induces transition of epithelial HT29 colon carcinoma cells to invasive mesenchymal phenotype through NADPH oxidase activation and AMPK inactivation.