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Ottoman Islamism Inside Out

This chapter explores how the AKP, a party from the same Islamist tradition as the RP, used EU foreign policy as a way to circumvent, and ultimately weaken, domestic obstacles to Ottoman Islamism. This case study traces strong policy commitments to EU membership in the AKP’s first term, with major reforms undertaken particularly in the civil-military and judicial areas. The chapter demonstrates that these reforms were both selective and short-lived, slowing significantly before either the financial crisis or the EU’s freezing of talks, confounding alternative explanations of why Turkey “turned away” from the EU. The chapter demonstrates how, by weakening and reconfiguring the military and the Constitutional Court—the two institutions that removed and then barred the RP from politics—the AKP became free to enact policies prescribed by Ottoman Islamism in the domestic and foreign policy spheres.