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Bi-static delay-Doppler emulation of cooperative passive vehicle-to-X radar

Automotive radar systems are indispensable for advanced driver assistance systems. Beside existing monostatic radar techniques, bi-static radar sensing like passive coherent location offers additional options to improve the radar visibility of vulnerable road users. Regarding testing and evaluation of passive radar signal processing algorithms including parameter estimation, it is essential to provide electromagnetically shielded and reproducible measurement conditions, in addition to field tests in traffic scenarios. This paper describes the possibility to emulate relevant parameters for bi-static radar scenarios in the frequency range from 1 GHz to 6 GHz, like the bi-static angle between transmitter, target and receiver, and the resulting bi-static Doppler frequencies of a realistic vehicular traffic scenario, in a metal-shielded semi-anechoic chamber. According to the concept of cooperative passive coherent location, Doppler scattering measurements are presented with test setup and results, and compared with numerical simulations. We find reasonable agreement between measured and ground truth data in the delay-Doppler spectrum.