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Cytotoxicity and Brine Shrimp Lethality of Rotenoids and Extracts from Sarcolobus globosus

The present study was performed to examine the brine shrimp toxicity and cytotoxic effect of the mangrove plant Sarcolobus globosus. The Et2O and EtOAc extracts were toxic to brine shrimp larvae (LC50 = 1.6 and 4.0 μg/mL) and Caco-2 cells (IC50 = 6.7 and 21.2 μg/mL). Three rotenoids isolated from S. globosus, tephrosin, sarcolobin and 12a-hydroxyrotenone, showed high toxicity in the brine shrimp assay with LC50 values of 2.2, 2.8 and 1.9 μM, respectively.