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How a Frog Hears

Introduction Anuran amphibians (frog and toads: see amphibiaweb.org) are key hearing model organisms. Most anurans are highly soniferous, their croaks and calls often heralding the onset of spring in temperate zones and the rainy season in tropical zones (see mister-toad.com/frogcalls.html). During their breeding seasons, males produce prolonged, loud (to humans) advertisement calls to attract females and to announce their location, size, and status to rival males. Acoustic features of advertisement calls are critical for maintaining reproductive isolation between species. Other important calls in the frog’s vocal repertoire include aggressive calls, distress calls, and female courtship calls.