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Chronic intramedullary infusion of endothelin‐1 blunts Dahl salt sensitive hypertension

It has been well established that the renal endothelin (ET‐1) system plays an important role in the maintenance of sodium excretion and blood pressure as salt intake is elevated, however, the importance of this system in Dahl salt sensitive hypertension is still unclear. We have previously reported that Dahl S rats have significantly less urinary ET‐1excretion than Dahl R rats on a high salt diet. While these findings suggest that a defect in renal production of ET‐1 may play a role in the pathogenesis of Dahl S hypertension, the functional significance of this defect in the development of Dahl S hypertension is unknown. Therefore the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of chronic intramedullary (IM) infusion of ET‐1 on mean arterial pressure (MAP) in Dahl S rats. Rats were uninephrectomized and a chronic indwelling catheter was placed in the medullary interstitium of the other kidney for infusion of ET‐1. After two weeks on a high salt diet, MAP in Dahl S rats was significantly elevated in vehicle treated rats (∆43.2±8.6 mmHg). Interestingly, this response was blunted by greater than 50% in Dahl S rats treated with ET‐1 (∆26.0±4.2 mmHg). These data indicate that chronic IM infusion of ET‐1 partially attenuates the hypertension in response to a high salt diet in the Dahl S rat model. They also support the concept that a deficiency in renal production of ET‐1 may play a role in the pathogenesis of Dahl S hypertension.