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Role of Vitamin D in Prevention of Chronic Diseases


 
 Vitamin D is one of the essential nutrients to sustain the human health. Vitamin D functions in the body through both an 
 endocrine mechanism (regulation of calcium absorption) and an 
 autocrine mechanism (facilitation of gene expression). The role of Vitamin D deficiency in increasing the risk factor of many common and serious 
 chronic diseases, including 
 cancers, 
 type 1 diabetes, 
 cardiovascular disease and 
 osteoporosis. Numerous epidemiologic studies suggest that 
 exposure to sunlight, which enhances the production of Vitamin D₃ in the skin, is important in preventing many chronic diseases. 
 25(OH)D (25-hydrovitamin D) is the 
 metabolite that should be measured in the blood to determine Vitamin D status. 25(OH)D deficiency is 
 prevalent in infants who are solely breastfed and 
 who do not receive Vitamin D₃ 
 
 supplementation and in 
 adults of all ages who have 
 increased skin pigmentation or who always wear sun protection or limit their outdoor activities. It is therefore necessary to know the adverse health effects of 25(OH)D deficiency and to 
 design intervention and 
 early treatments for those who are likely to have low levels of 25(OH)D.