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Crossed graphene: Stability and electronic structure

Carbon has always attracted attention due to its rich chemistry and the almost complementary properties of the natural phases graphite and diamond. While graphite is a highly anisotropic semi‐metal, diamond shows high hardness and thermal conductivity and is a wide‐gap insulator. With the discovery of graphene, fullerenes, and carbon nanotubes which resemble properties of the two crystalline phases, research on those and novel carbon materials emerged. Since carbon is forming different covalent bonds, there is a multitude of possibilities to create new structures by just combining sp, sp2, and sp3 bonded carbon. Here we report on the discovery of a new sp2 and sp3 bonded carbon structure which can be seen as a crossed graphene structure providing hybrid properties of graphene and diamond by means of an evolutionary algorithm.