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Atlas of AI: power, politics, and the planetary costs of artificial intelligence

Atlas of AI by Kate Crawford (2021) opens with the tale of Clever Hans (pp. 1–4), the proclaimed smartest horse in the world. Clever Hans was able to answer many questions based on the unknowing direction that questioners gave him that stemmed from their desire to believe in the horse’s cleverness. Crawford uses this as a cautionary tale as we consider the impact of proclaimed Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the world and in our lives. Atlas of AI explores the key components that enable advanced analytical tools to produce results. Whether running a single image processor or natural language processing model or powering a whole host of models, the impact of these tools on the planet, people, and the interactions across the globe is great. Each chapter dissects the various components that go into producing the energy and components that go into making the machines, labeling the data, or involvement of government. The detailed dissection of the impact of running even a simple model in the cloud should give us pause as we better understand the potential negative impact that may far outweigh the benefit we have grown accustomed to in using such models. The review will examine each chapter in depth to explore the arguments for reframing how we view AI.