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EFFECT OF THERMAL ENVIRONMENT AND CALORIC INTAKE ON HEAD GROWTH OF LOW BIRTH INFANTS DURING THE LATE NEONATAL PERIOD

Prolonged exposure of low birth weight infants to subther-moneutral environmental temperatures in the late neonatal period is associated with decreased rates of weight gain and linear growth. In order to assess the effects of ambient thermal conditions on postnatal head growth, we have reared 40 asymptomatic infants (birth weights 900 to 1800 gm) under 4 study conditions (WH-abd. skin temp. 36.5°C, caloric intake 144 Cal/kg/day; WL-abd. skin temp. 36.5°C, caloric intake 120 Cal/kg/day; SH-abd. skin temp. 35.0°C, caloric intake 144 Cal/kg/day; SL-abd. skin temp. 35.0°C, caloric intake 120 Cal/kg/day) after the first week of life.The rate of head growth (average daily increase in head circumference) was significantly greater (P<0.01) in the WH and WL groups than in the SL group. These differences in head growth may be of importance in the psychomotor development of low birth weight infants.