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Studies on biodiesel production and its effect on DI diesel engine performance, emission and combustion characteristics

Production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil was studied by experimental investigation using response surface methodology, specifically D-optimal design consisting of two levels. Waste cooking oil methyl ester (WCO-ME) produced under optimum transesterification process parameters was used in a direct injection diesel engine to evaluate the performance, emission and combustion characteristics at a constant speed of 1500 rpm. Results revealed that the biodiesel resulted in decreased brake thermal efficiency by 6% and higher brake-specific energy consumption of 25.9% when compared to diesel at 100% load condition. Carbon monoxide (CO), unburnt hydrocarbon, nitric oxide (NO) emission and smoke emission of WCO-ME decreased by 43.3%, 52.7%, 23% and 15.5%, respectively, compared to diesel. WCO-ME exhibited lower heat release rate, shorter ignition delay of 10.9°CA and slightly longer combustion duration of 54.4°CA when compared to diesel at same load condition.