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Measurement of the Universal Gas Constant Using an Acoustic Resonator

Competition is a great motivator. The 1988 measurement of the universal gas constant R at NIST [1] was stimulated by an error made at a rival national metrology institute, Great Britain’s National Physical Laboratory (NPL). In 1976, a group at NPL reported a “new” value for the universal gas constant R that had a standard uncertainty of 8.4 ppm (1 ppm = 1 part in 10). The “new” value was 159 ppm larger than the “older” 1972 value of R that had an uncertainty of 31 ppm (See Fig. 1.).