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jaw. This tube is intended to overcome the difficulty in the
pronunciation of the linguo-palatal letters, which are formed
by the application of the tongue to the palate. This it accom-
plishes by preserving a continuous current of air, thereby
preventing spasm, allowing the letter in fault to be properly
elicited, and thus restoring the self-confidence of the sufferer.

" 2. For the explosive consonants, the labials, dento-labials,
etc., the contrivance consists of a hollow, bi-convex disk, from
one end of which projects a silver tube, which, passing out
between the lips, keeps up the communication between the at-
mosphere and the oral cavity. The current of air from the
glottis enters by means of a small hole at one side of the disk,
and escapes through the silver tube. Finding the saliva was
apt to accumulate in the disk, and thus obstruct the entrance
and exit of air, the inventor has recently substituted for this
lateral opening a small tube, passing from the upper edge of
the disk, and bent at an acute angle upon itself.

"3. For the accurate elimination of the guttural sounds, Mr.
Bates has contrived a belt, made of patent or glazed leather, or
any other strong material, and lined with morocco.   This belt
^isjconcealed in an ordinary stock or cravat, and in this manner
Secured around the neck.   In the middle, and on the anterior
^surface of this belt, is fitted a metallic plate, through which
^passes a regulating screw.   On the inner side of the belt, and
*just opposite the plate, is a metallic spring, covered with Hd
or any other soft material, and firmly sewed by both ends to
the strap.   When this apparatus is adjusted about the neck,
the regulating screw, resting upon the spring, causes the latter
to be forced inward, so as to press more or less strongly upon the
thyroid cartilage, thus relaxing the rima-glottidis by approxi-
mating the thyroid to the arytenoid cartilages.   In this man-
ner, the exit of air is provided for, and the spasmodic action of
the muscles that close the glottis is overcome.   The pressure