Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan of the Abdomen


Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan of the Abdomen

A computed tomography (CT) or computed axial tomography (CAT) scan is a diagnostic imaging procedure that uses a combination of x-rays and computer technology to produce cross-sectional images (often called slices), both horizontally and vertically, of the body. A CT scan shows detailed images of any part of the body, including the bones, muscles, fat, and organs. CT scans are more detailed than standard x-rays. CT scans may also minimize exposure to radiation.


In computed tomography, the x-ray beam moves in a circle around the body. This allows many different views of the same organ or structure. The x-ray information is sent to a computer that interprets the x-ray data and displays it in a two-dimensional (2-D) form on a monitor. Although many images are taken during a CT scan, in some cases the patient receives less radiation exposure than with a single standard x-ray.

CT scans may be done with or without “contrast agent.” Contrast agent refers to a substance taken by mouth or injected into an intravenous (IV) line that causes the particular organ or tissue under study to be seen more clearly. Contrast examinations may require you to fast for a certain period of time before the procedure. Your physician will notify you of this before the procedure.

CT scans of the abdomen can provide more detailed information about abdominal organs and structures than standard x-rays of the abdomen, thus providing more information related to injuries and/or diseases of the abdominal organs.


Other related procedures that may be used to diagnose abdominal problems include abdominal x-rays, pancreas scan, liver scan, gallbladder scan, kidney scan, and endoscopy procedures, such as colonoscopy, abdominal ultrasound, and abdominal angiogram. Please see these procedures for additional information.

Reasons for the Procedure



There may be other reasons for your physician to recommend a CT scan of the abdomen.

Risks of the Procedure

The amount of radiation used during a CT procedure is considered minimal; therefore, the risk for radiation exposure is very low.



Patients with kidney failure or other kidney problems should notify the their physician. In some cases, the contrast dye can cause kidney failure, especially if the person is taking Glucophage® (a diabetic medication).

There may be other risks depending upon your specific medical condition. Be sure to discuss any concerns with your physician before the procedure.


  • Metallic objects within the abdomen, such as surgical clips
  • Barium in the intestines from a recent barium study
  • Stool and/or gas in the bowel

Before the Procedure

  • Generally, there is no fasting requirement before a CT scan, unless a contrast dye is to be used. Your physician will give you special instructions ahead of time if contrast is to be used and if you will need to fast from food and drink.

During the Procedure


Generally, a CT scan of the abdomen follows this process:

  3. If you are to have a procedure done with a contrast agent, an intravenous (IV) line will be started in the hand or arm for injection of the contrast dye. For oral contrast, you will be given a liquid contrast preparation to swallow. In some situations, the contrast may be given rectally.
  6. As the scanner begins to rotate around you, low-dosage x-rays will pass through the body for short amounts of time. You will hear clicking sounds, which are normal.
  7. The x-rays absorbed by the body's tissue will be detected by the scanner and transmitted to the computer. The computer will transform the information into an image to be interpreted by the radiologist.


After the Procedure





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