US 9,063,416 B2  129  130  -continued  -continued  Q  /s’-...  (ca-1-41)  10  /s’-...  (ca-1-42)  \.  ~s~  (ca-1-43)  (ca-1-45)  [Chemical Formula 60]  (ca-12)  In the formula (b-1 ), preferable examples of the cation  moiety represented by formula cs+(R $^{1}$")(R$^{2}$")(R 3 ")) in which  two ofR 1 " to R 3 " are mutually bonded with the sulfur atom to  form a ring include cation moieties represented by formula  (ca-12) to (ca-15) shown below.  Specific examples of the rings to be formed include a  thiophene ring, a thiazole ring, a benzothiophene ring, a thi› anthrene ring, a benzothiophene ring, a dibenzothiophene  ring, a 9H-thioxanthene ring, a thioxanthone ring, a thian› threne ring, a phenoxathiin ring, a tetrahydrothiophenium  ring and tetrahydrothiopyranium ring.  The ring may have a hetero atom as an atom constituting  the ring skeleton other than the sulfur atom having  R 1 "  to  R 3 "  bonded thereto. Examples ofhetero atoms include an oxygen  atom, a nitrogen atom, and a sulfur atom.  As the ring to be formed, the ring containing the sulfur  atom in the skeleton thereof is preferably a 3 to 10-membered  ring, and most preferably a 5 to 7-membered ring.  In formula (b-1), two ofR 1 " to R 3 " may be bonded to each  other to form a ring with the sulfur atom. The ring may be  saturated or unsaturated. Further, the ring may be monocyclic  or polycyclic. For example, in the case where either one or  both of the two ofR 1 " to R 3  represent a cyclic group (i.e., a  cyclic alkyl group or an aryl group), when the two groups are  bonded, a polycyclic ring (fused ring) is formed.  (ca-1-46)  Q  Us1  ~  #  0  0 