In the formula (I-1-3), X$^{02 }$represents an alkylene group 60  which may have a substituent, and specific examples thereof  include the same "linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon  groups" and "aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing a ring  in the structure thereof’ as those described above for the  "divalent hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent" 65  for X in the formula (I-1). As X 02 , an ethylene group is  particularly desirable.  In the formulae (I-1-1) to (I-1-3), R$^{21 }$represents a single  bond or an alkylene group which may have a substituent. The  55  alkylene group for R$^{21 }$which may have a substituent is the  same groups as those described above for R $^{2 }$in the formula  (I-1). As R 21 , a single bond or a methylene group is particu› larly desirable.  In the formulae (I-1-1) to (I-1-5), X$^{01 }$represents a single  bond or an alkylene group which may have a substituent.  Specific examples of the alkylene group which may have a  substituent include the same "linear or branched aliphatic  hydrocarbon groups" and "aliphatic hydrocarbon group con› taining a ring in the structure thereof’ as those described  above for the "divalent hydrocarbon group which may have a  substituent" for X. As X 01 , a single bond or an ethylene group  is particularly desirable.  In the formulae (I-1-1) to (I-1-5), R 1 , Z, Q, p andM+ are the  same as defined for R  1,z,  Q, p and M+ in the formula (I-1 ).  In the formulae, R  1 , Z, Q, p and M+ are the same as defined  above; X 01  represents a single bond or an alkylene group  which may have a substituent; R$^{21 }$represents a single bond or  an alkylene group which may have a substituent; X$^{02 }$repre› sents an alkylene group which may have a substituent; and  R $^{22 }$represents an aromatic group which may have a substitu› ent.  [Chemical Formula 32]  US 9,097,971 B2  68  67  In the formulae (I-1-4) and (I-1-5), R$^{22 }$represents an aro› matic group which may have a substituent. The aromatic  group for R$^{22 }$which may have a substituent is the same  groups as those described above for R $^{2 }$in the formula (I-1 ). As  R  22 , a group in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been  removed from a phenyl group or a naphthyl group, or a group  in which two or more hydrogen atoms have been removed  from quinoline are particularly preferable.  [Structural Units Constituting Polymeric Compound]  The main chain of the polymeric compound (Al) which  has an anion moiety on at least one terminal thereof is not  particularly limited, and is preferably formed by cleavage of  the ethylenic double bond (C=C). The polymeric compound  (Al) preferably contains a structural unit derived from a  compound having an ethylenic double bond.  In the present description, the expression "structural unit  derived from a compound having an ethylenic double bond"  refers to a structural unit that is formed by the cleavage of the  ethylenic double bond of the compound having an ethylenic  double bond.  Examples of the compound having an ethylenic double  bond include acrylic acid or an ester thereof which may have  the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom on the a-po› sition substituted with a substituent, acrylamide or a deriva› tive thereof in which the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon  atom on the a-position may be substituted with a substituent,  styrene or a derivative thereof in which the hydrogen atom  bonded to the carbon atom on the a-position may be substi› tuted with a substituent, a vinylnaphthalene or a derivative  thereof in which the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon  atom on the a-position may be substituted with a substituent,  a cycloolefin or a derivative thereof, and a vinylsulfonate  ester.  Among these, acrylic acid or an ester thereof which may  have the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom on the  a-position substituted with a substituent, acrylamide or a  derivative thereof in which the hydrogen atom bonded to the  carbon atom on the a-position may be substituted with a  substituent, styrene or a derivative thereof in which the hydro› gen atom bonded to the carbon atom on the a-position may be  substituted with a substituent, and a vinylnaphthalene or a  derivative thereof in which the hydrogen atom bonded to the  carbon atom on the a-position may be substituted with a  substituent are preferable, and an acrylate ester which may  have the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom on the  a-position substituted with a substituent is more preferable.  An "acrylate ester" refers to a compound in which the  terminal hydrogen atom of the carboxy group of acrylic acid  (CH$_{2}$=CH-COOH) has been substituted with an organic  group.  In the present specification, an acrylate ester having the  hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom on the a-position  substituted with a substituent is sometimes referred to as  "a-substituted acrylate ester". Further, acrylate esters and  a-substituted acrylate esters are collectively referred to as  "( a-substituted) acrylate ester".  Examples of the substituent bonded to the carbon atom on  the a-position of an a-substituted acrylate ester include a  halogen atom, an alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a  halogenated alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms and a  hydroxyalkyl group. With respect to the "structural unit  derived from an acrylate ester", the "a-position (the carbon  atom on the a-position)" refers to the carbon atom having the  carbonyl group bonded thereto, unless specified otherwise.  Examples of the halogen atom as the substituent on the  a-position include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bro› mine atom and an iodine atom.  Specific examples of the alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms  for the substituent on the a-position include linear or  (1-1-1)  (1-1-3)  (1-1-4)  (1-1-5)  (1-1-2)  [ 8 038 /~ 2 ’-R21l 0 0 yl~•+- M0  Z  p 