Chapter 10: Aeronautical Decision-Making and Judgment  4. Integrate risk management into planning at all levels. Because risk is an unavoidable part of  every flight, safety requires the use of appropriate and effective risk management not just in  the preflight planning stage, but in all stages of the flight. While poor decision-making in everyday life does not always lead to tragedy, the margin for error in  aviation is thin. Since ADM enhances management of an aeronautical environment, all pilots should  become familiar with and employ ADM.  While CRM focuses on pilots operating in crew environments, many of the concepts apply to single- pilot operations. Many CRM principles have been successfully applied to single-pilot aircraft and led to  the development of Single-Pilot Resource Management (SRM). SRM is defined as the art and science of  managing all the resources available to a single pilot (prior to and during flight) to ensure the  successful outcome of the flight. SRM includes the concepts of ADM, risk management (RM), task  management (TM), automation management (AM), controlled flight into terrain (CFIT) awareness, and  situational awareness (SA). SRM training helps the pilot maintain situational awareness by managing  the automation and associated aircraft control and navigation tasks. This enables the pilot to  accurately assess and manage risk and make accurate and timely decisions. SRM is all about helping pilots learn how to gather information, analyze it, and make decisions.  Two defining elements of ADM are hazard and risk. Hazard is a real or perceived condition, event, or  circumstance that a pilot encounters. When faced with a hazard, the pilot makes an assessment of that  hazard based upon various factors. The pilot assigns a value to the potential impact of the hazard,  which qualifies the pilot’s assessment of the hazard—risk.  Therefore, risk is an assessment of the single or cumulative hazard facing a pilot; however, different  pilots see hazards differently.  Being fit to fly depends on more than just a pilot’s physical condition and recent experience. For  example, attitude affects the quality of decisions. Attitude is a motivational predisposition to  respond to people, situations, or events in a given manner. Studies have identified five hazardous  attitudes that can interfere with the ability to make sound decisions and exercise authority properly:  anti-authority, impulsivity, invulnerability, macho, and resignation.  [Figure 10-2]  Hazardous attitudes contribute to poor pilot judgment but can be effectively counteracted by  redirecting the hazardous attitude so that correct action can be taken. Recognition of hazardous  thoughts is the first step toward neutralizing them. After recognizing a thought as hazardous, the  pilot should label it as hazardous, then state the corresponding antidote. Antidotes should be  memorized for each of the hazardous attitudes so they automatically come to mind when needed.  Remote Pilot – Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems Study Guide  53 Hazardous Attitudes and Antidotes Hazard and Risk Crew Resource Management (CRM) and Single-Pilot Resource Management