Figure 14-10.  Runway holding position sign at a location other  than the takeoff end of Runway 18-36 with collocated Taxiway  Alpha location sign.  Noncompliance with a runway holding position marking  may result in the FAA filing a Pilot Deviation against you.  Runway holding position markings consist of four yellow  lines, two solid and two dashed, that are painted on the surface  and extend across the width of the taxiway to indicate where  the aircraft should stop when approaching a runway. These  markings are painted across the entire taxiway pavement, are  in alignment, and are collocated with the holding position  sign as described above.  As you approach the runway, two solid yellow lines and two  dashed lines will be visible. Prior to reaching the solid lines, it  is imperative to stop and ensure that no portion of the aircraft  intersects the first solid yellow line. Do not cross the double  solid lines until a clearance from ATC has been received.  [Figure 14-13]  When the tower is closed or when operating at  a nontowered airport, you may taxi onto or across the runway  only when the runway is clear and there are no aircraft on final  approach. You should use extreme caution when crossing or  taxiing onto the runway and always look both ways.  When exiting the runway, the same markings will be seen  except the aircraft will be approaching the double dashed  lines.  [Figure 14-14]  In order to be clear of the runway, the  entire aircraft must cross both the dashed and solid lines.  An ATC clearance is not needed to cross this marking when  exiting the runway.  Runway 36 is to the right. The sign also indicates that you  are located on Taxiway Alpha.  If the runway holding position sign is located on a taxiway  at the intersection of two runways, the designations for  both runways are shown on the sign along with arrows  showing the approximate alignment of each runway.  [Figure 14-11A  and  B]  In addition to showing the  approximate runway alignment, the arrows indicate the  direction(s) to the threshold of the runway whose designation  is immediately next to each corresponding arrow.  This type of taxiway and runway/runway intersection  geometry can be very confusing and create navigational  challenges. Extreme caution must be exercised when taxiing  onto or crossing this type of intersection.  Figure 14-11A  and  B  shows a depiction of a taxiway, runway/runway intersection  and is also designated as a “ hot spot ” on the airport diagram.  In the example, Taxiway Bravo intersects with two runways,  31-13 and 35-17, which cross each other.  Surface painted runway holding position signs may also be  used to aid you in determining the holding position. These  markings consist of white characters on a red background  and are painted on the left side of the taxiway centerline.  Figure 14-12  shows a surface painted runway holding  position sign that is the holding point for Runway 32R-14L.  You should never allow any part of your aircraft to cross the  runway holding position sign (either a vertical or surface  painted sign) without a clearance from ATC. Doing so poses  a hazard to yourself and others.  When the tower is closed or you are operating at a nontowered  airport, you may taxi past a runway holding position sign only  when the runway is clear of aircraft, and there are no aircraft on  final approach. You may then proceed with extreme caution.  Runway numbers and letters are determined from the  approach direction. The runway number is the whole number  nearest one-tenth the magnetic azimuth of the centerline of the  runway, measured clockwise from the magnetic north. In the  case where there are parallel runways, the letters differentiate  between left (L), right (R), or center (C).  [Figure 14-16]  For  example, if there are two parallel runways, they would show  the designation number and then either L or R beneath it.  For three parallel runways, the designation number would  be presented with L, C, or R beneath it.  Runway distance remaining signs have a black background  with a white number and may be installed along one or both  sides of the runway.  [Figure 14-15]  The number on the  signs indicates the distance, in thousands of feet, of landing  runway remaining. The last sign, which has the numeral “1,”  is located at least 950 feet from the runway end.  Runway Distance Remaining Signs  Runway Designation Marking  14-8  Runway Holding Position Marking 