41. Li, N. & DiCarlo, J. J. Unsupervised Natural Experience Rapidly Alters Invariant Object Representation in Visual Cortex. Science 321, 1502–1507. ISSN: 0036-8075 (2008). 42. Garvert, M. M., Dolan, R. J. & Behrens, T. E. A map of abstract relational knowledge in the human hippocampal–entorhinal cortex. eLife 6, 1–20. ISSN: 2050-084X (Apr. 2017). 43. Newman, M. E. Modularity and community structure in networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103, 8577–8582 (2006). Acknowledgments We thank David M. Lydon-Staley and Steven H. Tompson for feedback on earlier versions of this manuscript. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation CAREER award to DSB (PHY-1554488), the Army Research Laboratory through contract number W911NF-10-2-0022, and the Army Research Office through contract number Grafton-W911NF-16- 1-0474 and contract number DCIST- W911NF-17-2-0181. We also acknowledge additional support from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the ISI Foundation, the Paul Allen Foundation, the Army Research Office (Bassett-W911NF-14-1-0679), the Office of Naval Research, the National Institute of Mental Health (2-R01-DC-009209-11, R01 MH112847, R01-MH107235, R21 MH-106799, R01 MH113550), the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (1R01HD086888-01), the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01 NS099348), and the National Science Foundation (BCS-1441502, BCS-1631550, and CNS-1626008). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of any of the funding agencies. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. The authors declare no competing interests. A.E.K., E.A.K., J.M.V., and D.S.B. conceived the project. A.E.K., E.A.K., J.M.V., and D.S.B. planned the experiments and analyses. A.E.K. performed the experiments and analyses. A.E.K., E.A.K., and D.S.B. wrote the manuscript and Supplementary Information. E.A.K., J.M.V., and D.S.B. edited the manuscript and Supplementary Information. Competing Interests Author Contributions 29/29