was fully dissolved after which the solution was made up to final volume with distilled water. The polyphenol analysis was based on the Folin-Ciocalteu method (Singleton 1965) adapted from the work of Kim et a/ (2003). In brief, a 50 L aliquot of appropriately diluted raw sugar solution was added to a test tube followed by 650 l_ pf distilled water. A 50 _ aliquot of Folin-Ciocalteu reagent was added to the mixture and shaken. After 5 minutes, 500 _ of 7% Na2C03 solution was added with mixing. The absorbance at 750nm was recorded after 90 minutes at room temperature. A standard curve was constructed using standard solutions of catechin (0-250 mg/L). Sample results were expressed as milligrams of catechin equivalent (CE) per 100g raw sugar. The absorbance of each sample sugar was determined and the quantity of polyphenols in that sugar determined from the standard curve. Where the sugar is a less refined sugar prepared by a limited wash, an alternative method for analysis of the polyphenol content is to measure the amount of tricin in a sample using near-infra red spectroscopy (NIR). In these circumstances, the amount of tricin is proportional to the total polyphenols. Further information on this method is available in Australian Provisional Patent Application No 2016902957 filed on 27 July 2016 with the title “Processfor sugar production”. Example 3 - analysis of the reducing sugar content in sugar There are several qualitative tests that can be used to determine reducing sugar content in a sugar product. Copper (II) ions in either aqueous sodium citrate or in aqueous sodium tartrate can be reacted with the sugar. The reducing sugars convert the copper(ll) to copper(l), which forms a copper(l) oxide precipitate that can be quantified. An alternative is to react 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid with the sugar. The reducing sugars will react with this reagent to form 3-amino-5-nitrosalicylic acid. The quantity of 3-amino-5- nitrosalicylic acid can be measured with spectrophotometry and the results used to quantify the amount of reducing sugar present in the sugar product. Example 4 - Gl testing The Gl testing was conducted using internationally recognised Gl methodology (see the Joint FAO/WFIO Report), which has been validated by results obtained from small experimental studies and large multi-centre research trials (see Wolever et al 2003). The experimental procedures used in this study were in accordance with international standards for conducting ethical research with humans approved by the Fluman Research Ethics Committee of Sydney University.