Chapter 10: Aeronautical Decision-Making and Judgment  Use the Perceive, Process, Perform, and Evaluate method as a continuous model for every  aeronautical decision that you make. Although human beings will inevitably make mistakes,  anything that you can do to recognize and minimize potential threats to your safety will make you a  better pilot. Depending upon the nature of the activity and the time available, risk management processing can  take place in any of three timeframes.  [Figure 10-3]  Most flight training activities take place in the  “time-critical” timeframe for risk management. The six steps of risk management can be combined  into an easy-to-remember 3P model for practical risk management: Perceive, Process, Perform with  the PAVE, CARE and TEAM checklists. Pilots can help perceive hazards by using the PAVE checklist  of: Pilot, Aircraft, enVironment, and External pressures. They can process hazards by using the CARE  checklist of: Consequences, Alternatives, Reality, External factors. Finally, pilots can perform risk  management by using the TEAM choice list of: Transfer, Eliminate, Accept, or Mitigate. In the first step, the goal is to develop situational awareness by perceiving hazards, which are  present events, objects, or circumstances that could contribute to an undesired future event. In  this step, the pilot will systematically identify and list hazards associated with all aspects of the  flight:  P ilot,  A ircraft, en V ironment, and  E xternal pressures, which makes up the PAVE checklist.  [Figure 10-4]  All four elements combine and interact to create a unique situation for any flight.  Pay special attention to the pilot-aircraft combination, and consider whether the combined  “pilot-aircraft team” is capable of the mission you want to fly. For example, you may be a very  experienced and proficient pilot, but your weather flying ability is still limited if you are flying an  unfamiliar aircraft. On the other hand, you may have a new technically advanced aircraft that you  have flown for a considerable amount of time.  PAVE Checklist: Identify Hazards and Personal Minimums Figure 10-3.  Risk management processing can take place in any of three timeframes. Figure 10-4.  A real-world example of how the 3P model guides decisions on a cross-country trip using the PAVE checklist. Remote Pilot – Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems Study Guide  58