Aviation Emissions and Air Quality Handbook  Table of Contents  iii  1.  Introduction and Background ............................................................................................ 1 1.1.  Purpose of This Handbook.......................................................................................... 1 1.2.  Intended Users of the  Handbook ................................................................................. 2 1.3.  Use of the  Handbook ................................................................................................... 2 1.4.  Contents of the  Handbook ........................................................................................... 2 2.  Regulatory Framework ....................................................................................................... 4 2.1.  National Environmental Policy Act ............................................................................ 4 2.2.  Clean Air Act .............................................................................................................. 5 2.2.1.  National Ambient Air Quality Standards........................................................6 2.2.2.  Attainment/Nonattainment Areas ...................................................................7 2.2.3.  State Implementation Plans.............................................................................7 2.2.4.  General/Transportation Conformity Rules .....................................................8 2.2.5.  Indirect Source Review...................................................................................8 2.3.  Regulatory Agencies ................................................................................................... 8 3.  Sources and Types of Air Emissions ................................................................................ 10 3.1.  Emission Sources ...................................................................................................... 10 3.1.1.  Aircraft ..........................................................................................................10 3.1.2.  Auxiliary Power Units ..................................................................................11 3.1.3.  Ground Support Equipment ..........................................................................11 3.1.4.  Ground Access Vehicles ...............................................................................11 3.1.5.  Stationary and Area Sources.........................................................................12 3.1.6.  Construction..................................................................................................12 3.1.7.  Other Sources................................................................................................12 3.2.  Pollutants of Concern ................................................................................................ 13 3.2.1.  Criteria Pollutants .........................................................................................13 3.2.2.  Hazardous Air Pollutants ..............................................................................14 3.2.3.  Greenhouse Gases .........................................................................................15 4.  Air Quality Assessment Process ....................................................................................... 18 4.1.  The Air Quality Assessment Process ........................................................................ 18 4.1.1.  Step 1: Determine the Need for the Assessment...........................................20 4.1.2.  Step 2: Select the Assessment Methodology ................................................23 4.1.3.  Step 3: Conduct the Assessment ...................................................................27 4.1.4.  Step 4: Coordination/Review and Documentation of Results ......................28