8/15/19  Pilot/Controller Glossary  LATERAL NAVIGATION (LNAV)– A function of  area navigation (RNAV) equipment which calculates,  displays, and provides lateral guidance to a profile or  path.  LATERAL SEPARATION- The lateral spacing of  aircraft at the same altitude by requiring operation on  different routes or in different geographical locations.  (See SEPARATION.)  LDA- (See LOCALIZER TYPE DIRECTIONAL AID.)  (See LANDING DISTANCE AVAILABLE.)  (See ICAO Term LANDING DISTANCE  AVAILABLE.)  LF- (See LOW FREQUENCY.)  LIGHTED AIRPORT- An airport where runway and  obstruction lighting is available.  (See AIRPORT LIGHTING.)  (Refer to AIM.)  LIGHT GUN- A handheld directional light signaling  device which emits a brilliant narrow beam of white,  green, or red light as selected by the tower controller.  The color and type of light transmitted can be used to  approve or disapprove anticipated pilot actions where  radio communication is not available. The light gun  is used for controlling traffic operating in the vicinity  of the airport and on the airport movement area.  (Refer to AIM.)  LIGHT-SPORT AIRCRAFT (LSA)- An FAA-registered aircraft, other than a helicopter or  powered-lift, that meets certain weight and  performance. Principally it is a single-engine aircraft  with a maximum of two seats and weighing no more  than 1,430 pounds if intended for operation on water,  or 1,320 pounds if not. It must be of simple design  (fixed landing gear (except if intended for operations  on water or a glider), piston powered,  nonpressurized, with a fixed or ground adjustable  propeller). Performance is also limited to a maximum  airspeed in level flight of not more than 120 knots  calibrated airspeed (CAS), have a maximum  never-exceed speed of not more than 120 knots CAS  for a glider, and have a maximum stalling speed,  without the use of lift-enhancing devices of not more  than 45 knots CAS. It may be certificated as either  Experimental LSA or as a Special LSA aircraft. A  minimum of a sport pilot $_{ certificate is required to }$ operate light-sport aircraft.  (Refer to 14 CFR Part 1, §1.1.)  LINE UP AND WAIT (LUAW)- Used by ATC to  inform a pilot to taxi onto the departure runway to line  up and wait. It is not authorization for takeoff. It is  used when takeoff clearance cannot immediately be  issued because of traffic or other reasons.  (See CLEARED FOR TAKEOFF.)  LOCAL AIRPORT ADVISORY (LAA)- A service  available only in Alaska and provided by facilities  that are located on the landing airport, have a discrete  ground-to-air communication frequency or the  tower frequency when the tower is closed, automated  weather reporting with voice broadcasting, and a  continuous ASOS/AWOS data display, other contin- uous direct reading instruments, or manual  observations available to the specialist.  (See AIRPORT ADVISORY AREA.)  LOCAL TRAFFIC- Aircraft operating in the traffic  pattern or within sight of the tower, or aircraft known  to be departing or arriving from flight in local practice  areas, or aircraft executing practice instrument  approaches at the airport.  (See TRAFFIC PATTERN.)  LOCALIZER- The component of an ILS which  provides course guidance to the runway.  (See INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM.)  (See ICAO term LOCALIZER COURSE.)  (Refer to AIM.)  LOCALIZER COURSE [ICAO]- The locus of  points, in any given horizontal plane, at which the  DDM (difference in depth of modulation) is zero.  LOCALIZER OFFSET- An angular offset of the  localizer aligned within 3  of the runway alignment.  LOCALIZER TYPE DIRECTIONAL AID (LDA)- A localizer with an angular offset that exceeds 3  of  the runway alignment, used for nonprecision  instrument approaches with utility and accuracy  comparable to a localizer, but which are not part of a  complete ILS.  (Refer to AIM.)  LOCALIZER TYPE DIRECTIONAL AID (LDA)  PRECISION RUNWAY MONITOR (PRM)  APPROACH- An approach, which includes a  glideslope, used in conjunction with an ILS PRM,  RNAV PRM or GLS PRM approach to an adjacent  runway to conduct Simultaneous Offset Instrument  PCG L-2 