Nov. 4, 2004  29  US 2004/0220262 Al  TABLE  19-continued  TABLE  20  TABLE  22  TABLE 21  [K3PO 4 excessJ=[K3PO 4 tota1J-[K3PO 4 needed for neutral› ization]  [0324]  [0325]  Since PPA-HCl is a salt of a free base, it reacts with  K$_{3}$ PO$_{4}$ . The concentration of K$_{3}$ PO$_{4 }$ in the system after the  reaction is completed depends on the amount of PPA-HCl  added. The remaining K$_{3}$ PO$_{4 }$ concentration after the reac› tion is completed is defined as "excess K$_{3}$PO$_{4 }$ concentra› tion," which is defined by the following equation.  [0326]  The excess K$_{3}$PO$_{4 }$ concentration for the four PPA› HCl systems was calculated, and the pH of the patch was  measured as described in the Methods section. The pH of the  PPA-HCl patch increased from 6.75 to 9.68 when the K$_{3}$ PO$_{4 }$ concentration in the dried patch was increased from 0% to  19.9% (or 0.2% excess K$_{3}$PO$_{4 }$ concentration). However, the  pH of the PPA-HCl patch remained about the same when the  excess K$_{3}$ PO$_{4 }$ concentration in the dried patch was further  increased from 0.2% to 3.2%.  [0327]  The cumulative amount of PPA-HCl across human  cadaver skin was calculated using the measured  PPA-HCl  concentrations in the receiver solutions.  [0328]  The cumulative amount of PPA-HCl that perme› ated across the human cadaver skin at 24 hours for PPA-10  (2055.2  µg!cm 2 )  with a calculated excess K$_{3}$PO$_{4 }$ concentra› tion of 0.2% was three times higher than that from the  formulation without K$_{3}$ PO$_{4 }$ (PPA-9, 680.5  µg!cm 2 ).  This  result indicated that the permeation of PPA-HCl could be  enhanced with an excess K$_{3}$PO4 concentration as low as  0.2%.  [0329]  The cumulative amount of PPA-HCl across human  cadaver skin at 24 hours remained about the same when the  excess K$_{3}$ PO$_{4 }$ concentration in the dried patch was increased  from 0.2% to 3.2%. The formulations of PPA-10, PPA-11  and PPA-12, all provided up to 3-fold more phenylpropano› lamine hydrochloride flux than in the absence of K$_{3}$ PO$_{4 }$ (PPA-9).  Component Weight and Weight Percent Based on Total Solution Weight  PPA-9  PPA-10  PPA-11  PPA-12  g (wt%)  g(wt%)  g(wt%)  g(wt%)  DI water  1.0 (13.2)  1.0 (12.2)  1.0 (12.2)  1.0 (12.1)  PG  0.5 (6.6)  0.5 (6.1)  0.5 (6.1)  0.5 (6.1)  Methyl alcohol  0.5 (6.6)  0.5 (6.1)  0.5 (6.1)  0.5 (6.1)  PIE adhesive  4 (52.6)  4 (49.0)  4 (48.8)  4 (48.4)  (30% solid)  HPMC  0.1 (1.3)  0.1 (1.2)  0.1 (1.2)  0.1 (1.2)  Heptane  1 (13.2)  1 (12.2)  1 (12.2)  1 (12.1)  Weight and Theoretical Weight Percent Based on Dried Film Weight  PPA-9  PPA-10  PPA-11  PPA-12  g (wt%)  g(wt%)  g(wt%)  g(wt%)  PPA-HCl  0.5 (21.7)  0.5 (17.4)  0.5 (17.2)  0.5 (16.9)  K$_{3}$PO$_{4 }$ 0  0.57 (19.9)  0.6 (20.7)  0.66 (22.3)  PG  0.5 (21.7)  0.5 (17.4)  0.5 (17.2)  0.5 (16.9)  PIE adhesive  1.2 (52.2)  1.2 (41.8)  1.2 (41.4)  1.2 (40.5)  HPMC  0.1 (4.3)  0.1 (3.5)  0.1 (3.4)  0.1 (3.4)  Cumulative Amount of PPA-HCl  (µg/cm 2 )  Time  PPA-9  PPA-10  PPA-11  PPA-12  5 hours  94.7  660.0  421.6  362.9  16 hours  445.9  1701.3  1420.3  1607.5  20 hours  576.8  1919.2  1633.1  1872.5  24 hours  680.5  2055.2  1762.9  2021.1  Excess K$_{3}$PO$_{4 }$ Concentration (wt%) and pH  PPA-9  PPA-10  PPA-11  PPA-12  Excess K$_{3}$PO $_{4 }$ 0.2%  1.2%  3.2%  Concentration  pH  6.75  9.68  9.62  10.08 