Airplane Basic  Flight Maneuvers Chapter 7, Section I Using Analog Instrumentation Introduction Instrument flying techniques differ according to aircraft  type, class, performance capability, and instrumentation.  Therefore, the procedures and techniques that follow need  to be modified to suit individual aircraft. Recommended  procedures, performance data, operating limitations, and  flight characteristics of a particular aircraft are available in the  Pilot’s Operating Handbook/Airplane Flight Manual (POH/ AFM) for study before practicing the flight maneuvers.  The flight maneuvers discussed in Chapter 7-I assume the  use of a single-engine, propeller-driven small airplane with  retractable gear and flaps and a panel with instruments  representative of those discussed earlier in Chapter 5, Flight  Instruments. With the exception of the instrument takeoff, all  of the maneuvers can be performed on “partial panel,” with  the attitude gyro and heading indicator covered or inoperative. 