8. Next Steps and Where to Go From Here .................................................................................... 74 8.1. Shutting down the system .................................................................................................. 74 8.2. If You Are New to Unix ..................................................................................................... 74 8.3. Orienting Yourself to Ubuntu............................................................................................. 74 8.3.1. Ubuntu Packaging System..................................................................................... 74 8.3.2. Additional Software Available for Ubuntu............................................................ 75 8.3.3. Application Version Management ......................................................................... 75 8.3.4. Cron Job Management........................................................................................... 75 8.4. Further Reading and Information....................................................................................... 75 8.5. Setting Up Your System To Use E-Mail ............................................................................ 76 8.5.1. Default E-Mail Configuration................................................................................ 76 8.5.2. Sending E-Mails Outside The System................................................................... 76 8.5.3. Configuring the Exim4 Mail Transport Agent ...................................................... 77 8.6. Compiling a New Kernel.................................................................................................... 78 8.6.1. Kernel Image Management ................................................................................... 78 8.7. Recovering a Broken System ............................................................................................. 79 A. Installation Howto........................................................................................................................ 82 A.1. Booting the installer .......................................................................................................... 82 A.1.1. Booting from CDROM ......................................................................................... 82 A.1.2. Booting from network .......................................................................................... 82 A.2. Installation......................................................................................................................... 82 A.3. And finally. . . .................................................................................................................... 83 B. Automating the installation using preseeding ........................................................................... 84 B.1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 84 B.1.1. Preseeding methods .............................................................................................. 84 B.1.2. Limitations ............................................................................................................ 85 B.1.3. Debconf basics ...................................................................................................... 85 B.2. Using preseeding ............................................................................................................... 85 B.2.1. Loading the preconfiguration file.......................................................................... 86 B.2.2. Using boot parameters to preseed questions......................................................... 86 B.2.3. Auto mode............................................................................................................. 87 B.2.4. Aliases useful with preseeding ............................................................................. 89 B.2.5. Using a DHCP server to specify preconfiguration files ........................................ 89 B.3. Creating a preconfiguration file ......................................................................................... 90 B.4. Contents of the preconfiguration file (for focal)................................................................ 91 B.4.1. Localization .......................................................................................................... 91 B.4.2. Network configuration .......................................................................................... 92 B.4.3. Network console ................................................................................................... 94 B.4.4. Mirror settings....................................................................................................... 94 B.4.5. Account setup ....................................................................................................... 95 B.4.6. Clock and time zone setup .................................................................................... 96 B.4.7. 64-bit ARM specific disk storage ......................................................................... 96 B.4.8. Partitioning............................................................................................................ 96 B.4.8.1. Partitioning example................................................................................. 97 B.4.8.2. Partitioning using RAID........................................................................... 98 B.4.8.3. Controlling how partitions are mounted................................................... 99 B.4.9. Base system installation...................................................................................... 100 B.4.10. Apt setup ........................................................................................................... 100 B.4.11. Package selection .............................................................................................. 101 B.4.12. Finishing up the installation.............................................................................. 102 B.4.13. Preseeding other packages ................................................................................ 102 vi