CP 2018 ANNUAL REPORT  /  30 ITEM 6.  SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA $^{(1)}$ Comparative years' figures have been restated for the retrospective adoption of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2017-07, and the impact on the 2017 and 2016 comparatives are discussed further in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, Note 2 Accounting changes. The restatements of 2015 and 2014 comparatives resulted in a decrease in Operating income of $70 million and $137 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. $^{(2)}$ These measures have no standardized meanings prescribed by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") and, therefore, may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. These measures are defined and reconciled in Non-GAAP Measures in Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. $^{(3)}$ Operating ratio is defined as operating expenses divided by revenues. The following table presents as of, and for the years ended, December 31, selected financial data related to the Company’s financial results for the last five fiscal years. The selected financial data should be read in conjunction with Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. For information regarding historical exchange rates, please see Impact of FX on Earnings in Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. (in millions, except per share data, percentage and ratios) 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 Financial Performance Total revenues $ 7,316 $ 6,554 $ 6,232 $ 6,712 $ 6,620 Operating income (1) 2,831 2,519 2,411 2,618 2,202 Adjusted operating income (1) (2) 2,831 2,468 2,411 2,550 2,198 Net income 1,951 2,405 1,599 1,352 1,476 Adjusted income (2) 2,080 1,666 1,549 1,625 1,482 Basic earnings per share ("EPS") 13.65 16.49 10.69 8.47 8.54 Diluted EPS 13.61 16.44 10.63 8.40 8.46 Adjusted diluted EPS (2) 14.51 11.39 10.29 10.10 8.50 Dividends declared per share 2.5125 2.1875 1.8500 1.4000 1.4000 Financial Position Total assets $ 21,254 $ 20,135 $ 19,221 $ 19,637 $ 16,550 Total long-term debt, including current portion 8,696 8,159 8,684 8,957 5,759 Total shareholders' equity 6,636 6,437 4,626 4,796 5,610 Cash provided by operating activities 2,712 2,182 2,089 2,459 2,123 Free cash (2) 1,289 874 1,007 1,381 969 Financial Ratios Return on invested capital ("ROIC") (2) 15.3 % 20.5 % 14.4 % 12.9 % 14.4 % Adjusted ROIC (2) 16.2% 14.7% 14.0% 15.2% 14.5% Operating ratio (1) (3) 61.3 % 61.6 % 61.3 % 61.0 % 66.7 % Adjusted operating ratio (1) (2) 61.3% 62.4% 61.3% 62.0% 66.7%