•  Flight Restricted Zones (FRZ) in vicinity of Capitol  and White House  • Special Awareness Training required by  14 CFR 91.161 for pilots to operate VFR within 60  NM of the Washington, DC VOR/DME  •  Wildlife Areas/Wilderness Areas/National Parks and  request to operate above 2,000 AGL  • National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration  (NOAA) Marine Areas off the coast with requirement  to operate above 2,000 AGL  • Tethered Balloons for observation and weather  recordings that extend on cables up to 60,000  accommodate operations above 1,500 feet AGL. IR routes  are conducted in accordance with IFR regardless of weather  conditions. VFR sectional charts depict military training  activities, such as IR, VR, MOA, restricted area, warning  area, and alert area information.  A flight data center (FDC) Notice to Airmen (NOTAM)  is issued to designate a TFR. The NOTAM begins with  the phrase “FLIGHT RESTRICTIONS” followed by the  location of the temporary restriction, effective time period,  area defined in statute miles, and altitudes affected. The  NOTAM also contains the FAA coordination facility and  telephone number, the reason for the restriction, and any other  information deemed appropriate. The pilot should check the  NOTAMs as part of flight planning.  An advisory service provided by Flight Service Station  (FSS) facilities, which are located on the landing airport,  using a discrete ground-to-air frequency or the tower  frequency when the tower is closed. LAA services include  local airport advisories, automated weather reporting with  voice broadcasting, and a continuous Automated Surface  Observing System (ASOS)/Automated Weather Observing  Station (AWOS) data display, other continuous direct reading  instruments, or manual observations available to the specialist.  MTRs are routes used by military aircraft to maintain  proficiency in tactical flying. These routes are usually  established below 10,000 feet MSL for operations at speeds  in excess of 250 knots. Some route segments may be defined  at higher altitudes for purposes of route continuity. Routes  are identified as IFR (IR), and VFR (VR), followed by  a number.  [Figure 15-7]  MTRs with no segment above  1,500 feet AGL are identified by four number characters  (e.g., IR1206, VR1207). MTRs that include one or more  segments above 1,500 feet AGL are identified by three  number characters (e.g., IR206, VR207). IFR low altitude  en route charts depict all IR routes and all VR routes that  Since the events of September 11, 2001, the use of TFRs has  become much more common. There have been a number of  incidents of aircraft incursions into TFRs that have resulted  in pilots undergoing security investigations and certificate  suspensions. It is a pilot’s responsibility to be aware of TFRs  in their proposed area of flight. One way to check is to visit  the FAA website, www.tfr.faa.gov, and verify that there is  not a TFR in the area.  Parachute jump aircraft operations are published in the Chart  Supplement U.S. (formerly Airport/Facility Directory). Sites  that are used frequently are depicted on sectional charts.  Published VFR routes are for transitioning around, under, or  through some complex airspace. Terms such as VFR flyway,  VFR corridor, Class B airspace VFR transition route, and  terminal area VFR route have been applied to such routes.  Parachute Jump Aircraft Operations  Published VFR Routes  Military Training Routes (MTRs)  Figure 15-7.  Military training route (MTR) chart symbols.  Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFR)  Local Airport Advisory (LAA)  Some of the purposes for establishing a TFR are:  • Protect persons and property in the air or on the surface  from an existing or imminent hazard.  • Provide a safe environment for the operation of  disaster relief aircraft.  •  Prevent an unsafe congestion of sightseeing aircraft  above an incident or event, that may generate a high  degree of public interest.  •  Protect declared national disasters for humanitarian  reasons in the State of Hawaii.  •  Protect the President, Vice President, or other public  figures.  • Provide a safe environment for space agency  operations.  15-6  Military Training  Route (MTR) 