U.S. Patent  Jan.16,2018  Sheet 2 of 6  US 9,868,761 B2  Figure 2.  Diagram of ideal large scale buffer prep from concentrates for  minimization of raw materials and tank requirements.  Conj. Acid  concentrate  (e.g., acetic  acid)  Conj. Base 1  Concentrate  (e.g., tris base)  Gradient mixer and  pump system  Conj. Base 2  concentrate  Water  (e.g., acetic acid)  To Process  Chromatography  Filtration 