PROGRAMMING PLAN PLANE $^{PILO}$T PASSENGERS 34 Preflight Takeoff Touchdown Cruise Descending Figure 6-11. The 5Ps are applied to various modes prior to and during the flight. Figure 6-12. The first decision point is during the preflight planning. Figure 6-10.  The 5 Ps. 6-9 If the total exceeds a certain level, the flight is altered or  cancelled. Informal research shows that while these are useful  documents for teaching risk factors, they are almost never  used outside of formal training programs. The 5P concept is  an attempt to take the information contained in those sheets  and in other available models and put it to good use.  The first decision is whether to go or not to go on the flight,  and the easiest point at which to cancel due to bad weather  is the evening before the scheduled flight. A good pilot  always watches the weather and checks weather information  sources to stay abreast of current conditions and forecasts.  This enables him or her to warn passengers that the weather  conditions are questionable and they might need a backup  plan. The subsequent visit to the flight planning room (or  call to AFSS) provides all the information readily available  to make a sound decision, and is where communication and  The second easiest point in the flight to make a critical  safety decision is just prior to takeoff. Few pilots have ever  had to make an emergency takeoff. While the point of the  5P check is to help the pilot fly, the correct application of  the 5 Ps before takeoff is to assist in making a reasoned go/ no-go decision based on all the information available. The  decision is usually to go with certain restrictions and changes  but may also be a no-go. The key fact is that these two points  in the process of flying are critical go/no-go points on each  and every flight.  [Figure 6-13] For instance, the easiest point to cancel a flight due to bad  weather is before the pilot and passengers walk out the door  and load the aircraft. So, the first decision point is preflight  in the flight planning room. Fixed Base Operator (FBO) services are readily available to  make alternate travel plans.  [Figures 6-11  and  6-12]