Straight-and-Level Flight Pitch Control Attitude Indicator The pitch attitude of an airplane is the angle between the  longitudinal axis of the airplane and the actual horizon.  In level flight, the pitch attitude varies with airspeed and  load. For training purposes, the latter factor can normally  be disregarded in small airplanes. At a constant airspeed,  there is only one specific pitch attitude for level flight. At  slow cruise speeds, the level flight attitude is nose-high with  indications as in  Figure 7-47 ; at fast cruise speeds, the level  flight attitude is nose-low.  [Figure 7-48] Figure 7-49  shows  the indications for the attitude at normal cruise speeds. The instruments that directly or indirectly indicate pitch on  the primary flight display (PFD) are the attitude indicator,  altimeter, vertical speed indicator (VSI), airspeed indicator  (ASI), and both airspeed and altitude trend indicators. The attitude indicator gives the pilot a direct indication of  the pitch attitude. The increased size of the attitude display  on the EFD system greatly increases situational awareness  for the pilot. Most attitude indicators span the entire width  of the PFD screen.  Figure 7-49. Various pitch attitudes (right), aircraft shown in  level flight. Figure 7-47. Pitch attitude and airspeed in level flight, slow  cruise speed. F igur e 5-48. Pitch A ttitude and Airsp eed in Level Flight, F ast Cruise Speed.  Figure 7-48. Pitch attitude decreasing and airspeed increasing—indicates need to increase pitch. 7-34 XPDR 5537 IDNT LCL23:00:34  VOR 1  270 °  2  1  1  2  4300  4200  4100  3900  3900  3800  4300  3600  3500  3400  3300  3200  3100  20 80 4000 4000  130  120 110 90 80 70  1 100 9 TAS 106KT  OAT 7°C  $_{5}$338  $_{1}$1652  200  46  13.7  1800  18.0  NAV1 108.00 113.00 NAV2 108.00 110.60 134.000 118.000 COM1 123.800 118.000 COM2 $_{WPT }$_ _ _ _ _ _$_{ DIS }$_ _ ._ $_{NM DTK }$_ _ _$_{° TRK}$ 360° ALERTS  Attitude indicator Vertical speed indicator Airspeed indicator Airspeed trend vector Altimeter indicator Altitude trend vector XPDR 5537 IDNT LCL23:00:34  VOR 1  270 °  2  1  1  2  4100  4000  3900  3900  3700  3600  4600  3600  3500  3400  3300  3200  3100  20 80 3800 4000  160  150 140 120 110 100  6 135 4 TAS 135KT  OAT 7°C  ALERTS  NAV1 108.00 113.00 NAV2 108.00 110.60 134.000 118.000 COM1 123.800 118.000 COM2 $_{WPT }$_ _ _ _ _ _$_{ DIS }$_ _ ._ $_{NM}$ $_{DTK }$_ _ _$_{°}$ TRK 360° ENGINE  MAP  DCLTR  NAV1 108.00 113.00 NAV2 108.00 110.60 134.000 118.000 COM1 123.800 118.000 COM2 $_{WPT }$_ _ _ _ _ _$_{ DIS }$_ _ ._ $_{NM}$ $_{DTK }$_ _ _$_{°}$ TRK 360° MAP - NAVIGATION MAP XPDR 5537 IDNT LCL23:00:34  VOR 1  270 ° 2  1  1  2  4300  4200  4100  3900  3900  3800  4300  3600  3500  3400  3300  3200  3100  20 80 4000 4000  150  140 130 110 100 90  1 120 9 TAS 120KT  OAT 7°C  ALERTS  $_{5}$338  $_{1}$1652  200  46  13.7  1800  18.0  NAV1 108.00 113.00 NAV2 108.00 110.60 134.000 1 18. 0 00 COM1 123.800 118.000 COM2 $_{WPT }$_ _ _ _ _ _$_{ DIS }$_ _ ._ $_{NM}$ $_{DTK }$_ _ _$_{°}$ TRK 3 60° 5°  4°  3°  2°  1° 