US 2019/0067732 Al  24  Feb.28,2019  3.  A process for producing an electrochemical cell, said  process comprising:  2.  The process of claim  1,  wherein step (A) includes  delivering, continuously or intermittently on demand, said  wet cathode active material mixture to said at least a surface  through spraying, printing, coating, casting, conveyor film  delivery, and/or roller surface delivery; and/or wherein step  (B) includes delivering, continuously or intermittently on  demand, said wet anode active material mixture to said at  least a surface through spraying, printing, coating, casting,  conveyor film delivery, and/or roller surface delivery.  [0224]  In commercial lithium-ion batteries having an elec› trode thickness of 150 µm, the weight proportion of the  anode active material (e.g. graphite or carbon) in a lithium› ion battery is typically from 12% to 17%, and that of the  cathode active material (for inorganic material, such as  LiMn$_{2 }$0 $_{4}$ )  from 22% to 41 %, or from 10% to 15% for  organic or polymeric. The corresponding weight fractions in  Na-ion batteries are expected to be very similar since both  the anode active materials and cathode active materials have  similar physical densities between two types of batteries and  the ratio of cathode specific capacity to the anode specific  [0223]  It is of significance to point out that reporting the  energy and power densities per weight of active material  alone on a Ragone plot, as did by many researchers, may not  give a realistic picture of the performance of the assembled  battery cell. The weights of other device components also  must be taken into account. These overhead components,  including current collectors, electrolyte, separator, binder,  connectors, and packaging, are non-active materials and do  not contribute to the charge storage amounts. They only add  weights and volumes to the device. Hence, it is desirable to  reduce the relative proportion of overhead component  weights and increase the active material proportion. How› ever, it has not been possible to achieve this objective using  conventional battery production processes. The present  invention overcomes this long-standing, most serious prob› lem in the art of lithium batteries.  1.  A process for producing an electrochemical cell, said  process comprising:  We claim:  [0222]  Quite noteworthy and unexpected is the observa› tion that the gravimetric energy density of the presently  invented sodium metal-organic cathode cell is as high as 310  Wh/kg, higher than those of all rechargeable sodium metal  or sodium-ion batteries ever reported (recall that current  Na-ion batteries typically store 100-150 Wh/kg based on the  total cell weight). Furthermore, for organic cathode active  material-based sodium batteries (even for corresponding  lithium batteries), a gravimetric power density of 1,250  W/kg and volumetric power density of 2,508 W/L would  have been un-thinkable.  [0225]  The Ragone plot of a series of K-ion cells prepared  by the conventional slurry coating process and the Ragone  plot of corresponding K-ion cells prepared by the presently  invented process are summarized and contrasted in FIG.  11.  These data again confirm that the presently invented process  works well for making both Na and K metal batteries having  ultra-high energy densities and power densities. Similarly,  lithium-ion capacitors or sodium-ion capacitors prepared  according to the instant process also deliver a higher energy  density and higher power density.  [0221]  Shown in FIG.  10  are Ragone plots of sodium  metal batteries containing a sodium foil as the anode active  material, disodium rhodizonate (Na$_{2}$C$_{6}$O$_{6}$ )  as the cathode  active material, and lithium salt (NaPF $_{6}$)-PC/DEC as  organic liquid electrolyte. The data are for both sodium  metal cells prepared by the presently invented method and  those by the conventional slurry coating of electrodes. These  data indicate that both the gravimetric and volumetric  energy densities and power densities of the sodium metal  cells prepared by the presently invented method are signifi› cantly higher than those of their counterparts prepared via  the conventional method. Again, the differences are huge  and are likely due to the significantly higher active material  mass loading associated with the presently invented cells,  reduced proportion of overhead (non-active) components  relative to the active material weight/volume, no need to  have a binder resin, surprisingly better utilization of the  electrode active material (most, if not all, of the active  material contributing to the sodium ion storage capacity; no  dry pockets or ineffective spots in the electrode, particularly  under high charge/discharge rate conditions), and the sur› prising ability of the inventive method to more effectively  pack active material particles in the pores of the foamed  current collector.  capacity is also similar. Hence, a factor of3 to 4 may be used  to extrapolate the energy or power densities of the sodium  cell from the properties based on the active material weight  alone. In most of the scientific papers, the properties  reported are typically based on the active material weight  alone and the electrodes are typically very thin (<<100 µm  and mostly <<50 µm). The active material weight is typi› cally from 5% to 10% of the total device weight, which  implies that the actual cell (device) energy or power densi› ties may be obtained by dividing the corresponding active  material weight-based values by a factor of 10 to 20. After  this factor is taken into account, the properties reported in  these papers do not really look any better than those of  commercial batteries. Thus, one must be very careful when  it comes to read and interpret the performance data of  batteries reported in the scientific papers and patent appli› cations.  kinetics), and to more effectively pack active material par› ticles in the pores of the foamed current collectors.  (A) continuously depositing a first wet electrode active  material mixture onto at least a surface of a first current  collector to form a first wet electrode, wherein said first  wet electrode active material mixture contains a first  wherein said anode electrode and/or said cathode elec› trode has a thickness from 200 µm  to 3,000 µm.  (C) combining said wet cathode electrode or a portion  thereof and said wet anode electrode or a portion  thereof to form said electrochemical cell;  (B) continuously depositing a wet anode active material  mixture onto at least a surface of an anode current  collector to form a wet anode electrode, wherein said  wet anode active material mixture contains 30% to 85%  by weight of an anode active material and 0% to 15%  by volume of a conductive additive dispersed in a  second liquid or polymer gel electrolytes; and  (A) continuously depositing a wet cathode active material  mixture onto at least a surface of a cathode current  collector to form a wet cathode electrode, wherein said  wet cathode active material mixture contains 30% to  85% by volume of a cathode active material and 0% to  15% by volume of a conductive additive dispersed in a  first liquid or polymer gel electrolyte; 