Managing Safety Risk in a System of Systems  Section 2  • Inclusion of a validity indicator in designators for Standard Instrument Departures and Standard Terminal Arrival Routes • Training, analysis, and reporting methods • Management commitment to safety • A strong, positive safety culture • Safety policy implementation with adequate funding provided for safety management activities • Oversight to ensure that correct procedures are followed • A zero-tolerance policy toward willful violations or shortcuts • Control over the activities of contractors Organizational Factors:  16 2.2_SMSM_201904  Originally published April 2019  Uncontrolled copy when downloaded