30.0  29.9  29.8  30.0  29.9  29.8  Figure 6-6.  Pitch correction using the attitude indicator. Figure 6-5.  Attitude indicator. Figure 6-7.  Pitch correction using the altimeter. The miniature aircraft should be placed in the proper position  in relation to the horizon bar or horizon line before takeoff.  The aircraft operator’s manual explains this position. As soon  as practicable in level flight and at desired cruise airspeed,  the miniature aircraft should be moved to a position that  aligns its wings in front of the horizon bar or horizon line.  This adjustment can be made any time varying loads or other  conditions indicate a need. Otherwise, the position of the  miniature aircraft should not be changed for flight at other than  cruise speed. This is to make sure that the attitude indicator  displays a true picture of pitch attitude in all maneuvers. When using the attitude indicator in applying pitch attitude  corrections, control pressure should be extremely light.  Movement of the horizon bar above or below the miniature  aircraft of the attitude indicator in an airplane should not  exceed one-half the bar width.  [Figure 6-6]  If further change  is required, an additional correction of not more than one-half  horizon bar wide normally counteracts any deviation from  normal flight. In flight at a constant altitude, the VSI (sometimes referred  to as vertical velocity indicator or rate-of-climb indicator)  remains at zero. If the needle moves above zero, the pitch  attitude must be adjusted downward to stop the climb and  return to level flight. Prompt adjustments to the changes in  the indications of the VSI can prevent any significant change  in altitude.  [Figure 6-8]  Turbulent air causes the needle to  fluctuate near zero. In such conditions, the average of the  If the aircraft is maintaining level flight, the altimeter  n eedles maintain a constant indication of altitude. If the  altimeter indicates a loss of altitude, the pitch attitude must  b e adjusted upward to stop the descent. If the altimeter  i ndicates a gain in altitude, the pitch attitude must be  a djusted downward to stop the climb.  [Figure 6-7] The  a ltimeter can also indicate the pitch attitude in a climb  o r descent by how rapidly the needles move. A minor  a djustment in pitch attitude may be made to control the rate  at which altitude is gained or lost. Pitch attitude is used only  t o correct small altitude changes caused by external forces,  s uch as turbulence or up and down drafts. Altimeter Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI) 6-5