Integrated Training Curricula  Logging Training Time and E x perience  On-Aircraft Training  An integrated training curriculum can use an FFS, FTD, or ATD to provide seamless training from the classroom to the aircraft. An  instructor initially provides the required knowledge in a classroom environment and then follows with procedural training in the  simulator. For example, when utilizing an integrated ground and flight-training program, an authorized instructor would initially teach  the required knowledge specific to instrument landing system (ILS) design, and the associated flight operations through ground and  classroom training. The instructor then provides instruction on aircraft flight procedures and details specific to operations in national  airspace system. After the learner has gained the required knowledge and understands the procedures, the instructor then adds  practicing the psychomotor skills of the task in the simulator. The instructor would then demonstrate and teach the instrument  approach task to the learner simulating the flight environment in a FAA-qualified trainer. When the student becomes proficient with  the instrument procedure in the simulator, the instruction would then transition to the aircraft to verify proficiency and reinforce the  airman certification standards. Most operational tasks and procedures for private pilot certificates, instrument ratings, commercial  pilot certificates, and airline transport pilot certificates can be initially taught in an FFS, FTD, or ATD.  Instructors or pilots logging time in an FFS or FTD should log and record the FAA ID number or serial number of the device being  used for training. FSTDs are re-qualified on an annual basis and users should verify the qualification is current and valid. When  logging training time in an ATD, pilot time is logged as a basic aviation training device (BATD) or advanced aviation training device  (AATD) time, and the pilot record should identify the manufacturer and model of the ATD trainer. Letters of authorization (LOAs)  for ATD’s are valid for five years and a copy of the LOA should be retained by the pilot in training.$_{ }$ Pilot time logged in an FFS, FFS, or ATD must be recorded as prescribed in 14 CFR part 61, section 61.51(h). The maximum credit  permitted for certificates and ratings is identified in part 61 and 141. However, there is no limit on how much time can be logged in  an FFS, FTD, or ATD. The FAA recommends that training should continue in the simulator until the required tasks are accomplished  successfully, before attempting the same tasks in an aircraft.  On-aircraft training is the continuation of work that is initiated on the ground and part of the integrated training process. As indicated  in Chapter 7, Planning Instructional Activity, the instructor must plan the flight given to the learner to the same extent as the learner  who prepares for it. Just as it is important to have objectives for ground instruction, it is equally important that the flight instruction  have objectives and a syllabus paired with previous instruction given on the ground (to include academic training). Flight training is  not a one size fits all and often must be tailored for the individual. For example, satisfactory progress in learning stalls through flight  instruction “only” would be diminished as compared to discussing them on the ground; inclusive of the types, stalls, and their  aerodynamic basis. Just because the learner has received ground school instruction on a particular aspect, the instructor should always  review that same task with the learner before flight to reinforce the learning process as necessary.  [Figure 9-5]  9-4 Figure 9-4.  A level 4 FTD used for procedure training. 