MOVES includes a default database of meteorology, fleet, activity, fuel, and control program  data for the entire U .S., which comes from a variety of sources which are not necessarily the  most accurate or up-to-date information available at the local level for a particular project. EPA’s  Transportation Conformity Guidance for Quantitative Hot -spot Analyses in PM 2.5  and PM 10  nonattainment and Maintenance Areas 103 , provides guidance on when it is appropriate to us e  MOVES’ default databases for a PM hot-spot analysis, as well as when available local data must  be used also defined in 40 CFR 93.110 and 93.123(c).  Additionally,  for  PM 10  and  PM 2.5  hot-spot  analyses  emissions  from  road  $_{100}$,$_{101 }$ construction 102 , and additional sources should be accounted for when applicable.  The EMFAC model issued by the CARB  is approved by EPA for developing on- road motor  vehicle emission inventories and hot-spot analyses in California. EMFAC produces composite  emission factors for an average day of a month (January to December), a season (summer and  winter), or an annual average, for specific California geographic areas by air basin, district, a nd  county as well as the statewide level. EMFAC can produce PM $_{2.5 }$and PM$_{10 }$ emission rates for  three exhaust emission processes (running, starting, and idle), tire wear, and brake wear. 104  Figure E-3  ( Steps for Using EMFAC in a Quantitative PM Hot -spot Analysis ) illustrates the  steps to using EMFAC to complete a PM hot-spot analysis.  100 Re-entrained road dust must be considered in PM$_{2.5 }$hot-spot analyses only if EPA or the state air agency has  made a finding that such emissions are a significant contributor to the PM$_{2.5 }$air quality problem in a given  nonattainment or maintenance area (40 CFR 93.102(b)(3) and 93.119(f)(8)). See the July 1, 2004 final  conformity rule (69 FR 40004).  101 Re-entrained road dust must be included in all PM$_{10 }$hot-spot analyses. Because road dust is a significant  component of PM$_{10 }$inventories, EPA has historically required road dust emissions to be included in all  conformity analyses of direct PM$_{10 }$emissions – including hot-spot analyses. See the March 2006 final rule (71  FR 12496-98).  102 Emissions from construction-related activities are not required to be included in PM hotspot analyses if such  emissions are considered temporary as defined in 40 CFR 93.123(c)(5) (i.e., emissions which occur only during  the construction phase and last five years or less at any individual site).  103 EPA,  Transportation Conformity Guidance for Quantitative Hot-spot Analyses in PM$_{2.5 }$and PM$_{10 }$Non- attainment and Maintenance Areas , November 2013 [EPA-420-B-13-053],  http://www.epa.gov/otaq/stateresources/transconf/policy/420b13053-sec.pdf.  104 EPA,  Transportation Conformity Guidance for Quantitative Hot-spot Analyses in PM$_{2.5 }$and PM$_{10 }$Non- attainment and Maintenance Areas,  November 2013 [EPA-420-B-13-053],  http://www.epa.gov/otaq/stateresources/transconf/policy/420b13053-sec.pdf.  95$_{ }$ APPENDIX E$_{ }$