""O  ~  .....  (’D  =  .....  t  "e  - ....  (’)  ~  .....  ....  0  =  ""O  O"  - ....  (’)  ~  .....  ....  0  =  ~  ~  ....  ~\,Ci  N  0  ....  0  rJJ  =› (’D  (’D  .....  Ul  0  ....  0  c  rJJ  N  0  ....  0  --- 0  N  ....  0  QO  -....J  ....  >  ....  SOLVENT VAPOUR + NH3 +  I  SOLVENT  I  INERT GAS +  INERT GAS  CONDENSATION +  NH3  • SEPARATION  H2O+  AMMONIUM SALT OF  THE ORGANIC ACID  i  i  il;IJL  ORGANIC PHASE  SEPARATION  PROCESS  i11LJ_J__  AQUE<?USPHAS:rj  _ijd_L  PROCESS  SOLVENT  SOLVENT+  ~-~~  ORGANIC  SEPARATION ORGANIC ACID SEPARATION  ACID  PROCESS  PROCESS  _____  ...J  AQUEOUS PHASE  ORGANIC PHASE  SEPARATION  PROCESS  SEPARATION PROCESS  EXAMPLES  - DISTILLATION  - RECTIFICATION  - MEMBRANE PROCESS  SOLVENT! - ADSORPTION  SEPARATION  H  i  i  PROCESS  _1lL_L1J:--------~  - CHROMATOGRAPHY  - EXTRACTION  SOLVENT L--~---Z11L_~l  ~  .  I:::°’•  Z::>:  wo,  :::io.:  o~:  II)::>’  SEPARATION  PROCESS  L-------H2O  •••••••••••••:sOLVENT  !VAPOUR  ="’  I  __;_  INERT GAS !OPTIONAL)  FIG. 5  - CRYSTALLIZATION  - ETC.  e.g.  VAJ.VE TRAYS OR  BUBBLE-CAP  JRAYS 