Figure 11-28.  Cruise power setting.  Begin by finding the correct OAT on the bottom left side of  the graph. Move up that line until it intersects the pressure  altitude of 6,000 feet. Draw a line straight across to the  Refer to  Figure 11-31  to solve this problem. First, determine  how many degrees difference there is between the runway  and the wind direction. It is known that runway 17 means  a direction of 170°; from that subtract the wind direction  of 140°. This gives a 30° angular difference or wind angle.  Next, locate the 30° mark and draw a line from there until  it intersects the correct wind velocity of 25 knots. From  Every aircraft is tested according to Federal Aviation  Administration (FAA) regulations prior to certification. The  aircraft is tested by a pilot with average piloting skills in  90° crosswinds with a velocity up to 0.2 V$_{S0}$ or two-tenths  of the aircraft’s stalling speed with power off, gear down,  and flaps down. This means that if the stalling speed of the  aircraft is 45 knots, it must be capable of landing in a 9-knot,  90° crosswind. The maximum demonstrated crosswind  component is published in the AFM/POH. The crosswind and  headwind component chart allows for figuring the headwind  and crosswind component for any given wind direction and  velocity.  65 percent, best power line. This is the solid line, that  represents best economy. Draw a line straight down from  this intersection to the bottom of the graph. The TAS at 65  percent best power is 140 knots. However, it is necessary  to subtract 8 knots from the speed since there are no wheel  fairings. This note is listed under the title and conditions.  The TAS is 132 knots.  Sample Problem 10  Sample Problem 9  Crosswind and Headwind Component Chart  11-25  Range (nautical miles)  (Includes distance to climb and descend)  14  12  10  8  6  4  2  S.L.  -13°  -9°  -5°  -1°  3°  7°  11°  15°  450 500 550 600 500 550 600 650 Pressure ALT (1,000 feet) Standard Temperature °C Associated conditions  Power 75%  Power 65% Power 55%  Power 75%  Power 65% Power 55%  Notes Range may be reduced  by up to 7% if wheel  fairings are not installed  Notes  Add 0.6 NM for each  degree Celsius above  standard temperature  and subtract 1 NM for  each degree Celsius  below standard  temperature.  45 minutes reserve at 55%  power best economy mixture  No reserve  Mixture  Leaned per section 4  Weight  2,300 lb.  Wings  No  Fuel  48 gal usable  Wheel  Fairings installed  Cruise  Mid cruise  Figure 11-29.  Best power mixture range.  Runway..........................................................................17 Wind........................................................140° at 25 knots OAT.........................................................................16 °C Pressure Altitude...............................................6,000 feet Power Setting................................65 percent, best power Wheel Fairings..............................................Not installed CRUISE POWER SETTING  65% MAXIMUM CONTINUOUS POWER (OR FULL THROTTLE)  2,800 POUNDS  Press  ALT  27  19  12  5  –2  –8  –15  –22  –29  –3  –7  –11  –15  –19  –22  –26  –30  –34  °F  °C  PSI  GPH  kts  MPH RPM  "HG  IOAT  TAS Engine speed  Man.  press  Fuel  flow per engine  S.L.  2,000  4,000  6,000  8,000  10,000  12,000  14,000  16,000  2,450  2,450  2,450  2,450  2,450  20.7  20.4  20.1  19.8  19.5  19.2  18.8  17.4  16.1  6.6  6.6  6.6  6.4  5.8  5.3  11.5  11.5  11.5  11.3  10.5  9.7  147  149  152  155  157  160  162  159  156  169  171  175  178  181  184  186  183  180  °F  °C  PSI  GPH  kts  MPH RPM  "HG  IOAT  TAS Engine speed  Man.  press  Fuel  flow per engine  °F  °C  PSI  GPH  kts  MPH RPM  "HG  IOAT  TAS Engine speed  Man.  press  Fuel  flow per engine  2,450  2,450  2,450  2,450  2,450  2,450  2,450  2,450  2,450  2,450  6.6  6.6  6.6  6.1  5.6  5.1  6.6  6.6  6.6  6.5  5.9  5.4  4.9  11.5  11.5  11.5  10.9  10.1  9.4  11.5  11.5  11.5  11.4  10.6  9.8  9.1  63  55  48  41  36  28  21  14  7  17  13  9  5  2  –2  –6  –10  –14  21.2  21.0  20.7  20.4  20.2  19.9  18.8  17.4  16.1  150  153  156  158  161  163  160  156  173  176  180  182  185  188  184  180  99  91  84  79  72  64  57  50  43  37  33  29  26  22  18  14  10  6  21.8  21.5  21.3  21.0  20.8  20.3  18.8  17.4  16.1  153  156  159  161  164  166  163  160  155  176 180 183 185 189 191 188 184 178 ISA –20° (–36 °F)  Standard day (ISA)  ISA +20° (+36 °F)  1. Full throttle manifold pressure settings are approximate.  2.  Shaded area represents operation with full throttle. Notes 