Chapter 7. Booting Into Your New Ubuntu System • The first case concerns the root partition. When it is not mounted correctly, the boot process will halt and you will have to reboot the computer to try again. • The easiest case is for encrypted volumes holding data like /home or /srv . You can simply mount them manually after the boot. However for dm-crypt this is a bit tricky. First you need to register the volumes with device mapper by running: This will scan all volumes mentioned in /etc/crypttab and will create appropriate devices un- der the /dev directory after entering the correct passphrases. (Already registered volumes will be skipped, so you can repeat this command several times without worrying.) After successful regis- tration you can simply mount the volumes the usual way: # /etc/init.d/cryptdisks start # mount /mount_point • If any volume holding noncritical system files could not be mounted ( /usr or /var ), the sys- tem should still boot and you should be able to mount the volumes manually like in the previous case. However, you will also need to (re)start any services usually running in your default runlevel because it is very likely that they were not started. The easiest way is to just reboot the computer. 7.3. Log In Once your system boots, you’ll be presented with the login prompt. Log in using the personal login and password you selected during the installation process. Your system is now ready for use. If you are a new user, you may want to explore the documentation which is already installed on your system as you start to use it. There are currently several documentation systems, work is proceeding on integrating the different types of documentation. Here are a few starting points. Documentation accompanying programs you have installed can be found in /usr/share/doc/ , un- der a subdirectory named after the program (or, more precise, the Ubuntu package that contains the program). However, more extensive documentation is often packaged separately in special documen- tation packages that are mostly not installed by default. For example, documentation about the pack- age management tool apt can be found in the packages apt-doc or apt-howto . In addition, there are some special folders within the /usr/share/doc/ hierarchy. Linux HOWTOs are installed in .gz (compressed) format, in /usr/share/doc/HOWTO/en-txt/ . After installing dhelp , you will find a browsable index of documentation in /usr/share/doc/HTML/index.html . One easy way to view these documents using a text based browser is to enter the following commands: The dot after the w3m command tells it to show the contents of the current directory. You can also type info command or man command to see documentation on most commands available at the command prompt. Typing help will display help on shell commands. And typing a command followed by --help will usually display a short summary of the command’s usage. If a command’s $ cd /usr/share/doc/ $ w3m . 72