Summary Consolidated Results of Operations (2013 versus 2012) The Power Technologies 2014 segment EBITDA of $154 increased by $4 from 2013. Performance-related impacts on  segment EBITDA in 2014 included an increase in warranty cost of $7, lower pricing of $4 and increased material commodity  costs of $2. Partially offsetting these factors were material cost savings of $9 and benefits from other cost reduction actions. Sales  — The following table shows changes in our sales by geographic region. Sales for 2013 declined 6% from 2012. Lower market volumes, particularly in our North  America medium/heavy truck  market and global off-highway markets, contributed about $141 to lower year -over-year sales. Scheduled roll-offs of certain  North America light vehicle market programs also reduced sales by $186. Currency ef fects and divestitures also contributed to  the lower sales, with pricing actions, principally relating to material recovery and the  Venezuelan bolivar devaluation,  providing a partial offset of about $63. Most of the 2013 consolidated sales decrease occurred in North  America. Scheduled roll-offs of certain light vehicle  programs accounted for $186 of the decrease.  The remaining sales reduction was due primarily to a decline in medium/heavy  production levels of around 5% and lower of f-highway market sales, partly due to the transfer of certain production to our  Asia  Pacific operations. Excluding currency effects, our sales in Europe in 2013 were 3% lower than in 2012.  The reduction was primarily driven  by lower off-highway market production levels, primarily in the construction and mining segments, in the region as well as in  other regions where we export. Partially of fsetting lower volumes were increased sales from new Light  Vehicle programs  coming on line in 2013. 25 2013 2012 Dollars % of Net Sales Dollars % of Net Sales Increase/ (Decrease) Net sales $ 6,769 $ 7,224 $ (455) Cost of sales 5,849 86.4% 6,250 86.5% (401) Gross margin 920 13.6% 974 13.5% (54) Selling, general and administrative expenses 410 6.1% 424 5.9% (14) Amortization of intangibles 74 74 — Restructuring charges, net 24 47 (23) Other income, net 55 19 36 Income from continuing operations before interest expense and income taxes 467 448 19 Interest expense 99 84 15 Income from continuing operations before income taxes 368 364 4 Income tax expense 119 51 68 Equity in earnings of affiliates 12 2 10 Income from continuing operations 261 315 (54) Loss from discontinued operations (1) — (1) Net income 260 315 (55) Less: Noncontrolling interests net income 16 15 1 Net income attributable to the parent company $ 244 $ 300 $ (56) Amount of Change Due To 2013 2012 Increase/ (Decrease) Currency Effects Acquisition and Divestitures Organic Change North America $ 2,958 $ 3,371 $ (413) $ (1) $ (32) $ (380) Europe 1,994 2,021 (27) 26 (53) South America 983 925 58 (161) 219 Asia Pacific 834 907 (73) (23) (50) Total $ 6,769 $ 7,224 $ (455) $ (159) $ (32) $ (264)