(Unaudited) December 31, (in millions) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Contractually past-due loans U.S. loans: Consumer, excluding credit card loans $ — $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  Credit card loans 1,317 1,605  1,442  1,378  1,143  Total U.S. consumer loans 1,317 1,605  1,442  1,378  1,143  Wholesale: Secured by real estate 15 1  11  10  9  Commercial and industrial 20 36  166  67  90  Other 19 5  7  62  24  Total U.S. wholesale loans 54 42  184  139  123  Total U.S. loans 1,371 1,647  1,626  1,517  1,266  Non-U.S. loans: Consumer, excluding credit card loans — —  —  —  —  Credit card loans 2 2  3  1  2  Total non-U.S. consumer loans 2 2  3  1  2  Wholesale: Secured by real estate — —  —  —  —  Commercial and industrial — 1  2  1  9  Other 3 —  2  1  —  Total non-U.S. wholesale loans 3 1  4  2  9  Total non-U.S. loans 5 3  7  3  11  Total contractually past due loans $ 1,376 $ 1,650  $ 1,633  $ 1,520  $ 1,277  (a) (b) (Unaudited) December 31, (in millions) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Accruing restructured loans U.S.: Consumer, excluding credit card loans $ 3,007 $ 3,600  $ 4,171  $ 4,972  $ 5,528  Credit card loans 1,375 1,452  1,319  1,215  1,240  Total U.S. consumer loans 4,382 5,052  5,490  6,187  6,768  Wholesale: Secured by real estate 16 14  9  6  18  Commercial and industrial 202 34  59  129  64  Other 61 2  4  2  —  Total U.S. wholesale loans 279 50  72  137  82  Total U.S. 4,661 5,102  5,562  6,324  6,850  Non-U.S.: Consumer, excluding credit card loans — —  —  —  —  Credit card loans — —  —  —  —  Total non-U.S. consumer loans — —  —  —  —  Wholesale: Secured by real estate — 30  —  —  —  Commercial and industrial 75 2  45  21  17  Other 4 3  —  —  —  Total non-U.S. wholesale loans 79 35  45  21  17  Total non-U.S. 79 35  45  21  17  Total accruing restructured notes $ 4,740 $ 5,137  $ 5,607  $ 6,345  $ 6,867  (a) (b) (b) 315 Refer to Credit and Investment Risk Management on pages 110–134, and Note 12 for a discussion of nonaccrual loans, past-due loan accounting policies, and accruing restructured loans. (a) Represents performing loans modified in TDRs in which an economic concession was granted by the Firm and the borrower has demonstrated its ability to repay the loans according to the terms of the restructuring. As defined in U.S. GAAP, concessions include the reduction of interest rates or the deferral of interest or principal payments, resulting from deterioration in the borrowers’ financial condition. Excludes nonaccrual assets and contractually past-due assets, which are included in the sections above. (b) Includes credit card loans that have been modified in a TDR. (a) Represents accruing loans past-due 90 days or more as to principal and interest, which are not characterized as nonaccrual loans. Prior to the adoption of CECL, excluded PCI loans which were accounted for on a pool basis. Since each pool was accounted for as a single asset with a single composite interest rate and an aggregate expectation of cash flows, the past-due status of the pools, or that of individual loans within the pools, was not meaningful. The Firm recognized interest income on each pool of loans as each of the pools was performing. (b) At December 31, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017 and 2016, excluded mortgage loans 90 or more days past due and insured by U.S. government agencies of $364 million, $193 million, $1.6 billion, $2.7 billion and $2.7 billion, respectively. At December 31, 2016, student loans insured by U.S. government agencies under the Federal Family Education Loan Program of $263 million were also excluded prior to sale of the student loan portfolio in 2017. These amounts have been excluded from nonaccrual loans based upon the government guarantee.