Composition...................................................................9-2 Convection .....................................................................9-6 Convergence lift...........................................................9-19 Convergence zones ....................................................10-23 Converting meters to feet...............................................1-6 Course deviations.......................................................11-14 Cross-country aerotow ...............................................12-10 Cross-country flight in a self-launching glider ..........11-15 Cross-country flight using other lift sources..............11-17 Cross-country techniques.............................................11-9 Crossed-control stalls...................................................7-35 Crosswind landing .......................................................7-25 Crosswinds.....................................................................5-3 Crosswind takeoff ................................................ 7-5, 7-19 Assisted ......................................................................7-5 Unassisted  ...................................................................7-6 Crosswind takeoff and climb .......................................7-14 Cumulus clouds............................................................10-2 Density ...........................................................................9-2 Density altitude ............................................................4-11 Descent.......................................................................12-10 Dive brakes ....................................................................2-5 Downwind landing.......................................................7-27 Drogue chute malfunctions ..........................................8-25 Dry adiabatic lapse rate..................................................9-7 Effect of nonstandard pressure and temperature............4-7 Efficient slope soaring................................................10-10 Electronic flight computers ..........................................4-15 Elevator .................................................................. 1-6, 2-6 Elevator malfunctions ..................................................8-22 Elevator trim malfunctions ..........................................8-24 Emergencies...............................................................12-11 Emergency equipment and survival gear.....................8-28 Emergency procedures.............................. 7-17, 8-14, 8-15 Empennage.....................................................................2-6 Entering a thermal........................................................10-5 Entripetal force.............................................................3-13 Equipment inspections and operational checks ...........12-2 European aviation safety agency ...................................2-3 Exiting a thermal..........................................................10-9 Factors influencing PIOs................................................8-2 Fatigue  ..........................................................................13-4 Federation Aeronautique Internationale ........................2-3 Flaps  ...............................................................................2-5 Flight instrument malfunctions  ....................................8-20 Flight instruments  ..........................................................4-1 Flight manuals  ................................................................5-8 Flight preparation and planning  ...................................11-2 Flying in the wave......................................................10-20 Food and water  .............................................................8-28 Forecasts  ......................................................................9-23 Forces of flight ...............................................................3-2 Forward slip  ....................................................... 3-16, 7-26 Frosted glider canopy  ...................................................8-22 Fuselage  .........................................................................2-4 Wings and components ..............................................2-4 Getting into the wave .................................................10-18 Glider  .............................................................................1-3 Glide ratio  ......................................................................3-8 Aspect ratio.................................................................3-9 Glider canopy malfunctions  .........................................8-21 Glider canopy opens unexpectedly  ..............................8-21 Glider care  ......................................................................6-7 Glider certificate eligibility requirements ......................1-5 Glider complexity  ......................................................11-16 Glider design  ..................................................................2-2 Glider-induced oscillations ............................................8-6 Glider mechanical failure  ...............................................8-8 Glider pilot schools  ........................................................1-4 14 CFR part 61 school................................................1-5 14 CFR part 141 school..............................................1-5 Glider polars  ...................................................................5-8 Glider preflight inspection .............................................6-6 Gliders—the early years  ................................................1-2 Glider tow positions  .....................................................12-8 G-loads.........................................................................4-17 G-meter ........................................................................4-17 Negative G................................................................4-17 Positive G .................................................................4-17 GPS navigation systems...............................................11-8 Graphic weather charts  ................................................9-23 Composite moisture stability chart...........................9-24 Winds and temperatures aloft chart..........................9-23 Ground effect  ...............................................................3-19 Ground handling  ............................................................6-4 Ground launch abnormal and emergency  procedures  ....................................................................8-14 Ground launch takeoff procedures  ...............................7-11 Ground signals  .............................................................12-6 G D F E  I-2