will cover a set of activities with operational SMART objectives that must be defined by PERA  partners. The following non-exhaustive list of potentially interrelated  working areas  is proposed for PERA:  11 https://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6476/397 10 https://science.sciencemag.org/content/357/6357/1232 9 https://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6476/388 8 Human health effects will be addressed in the SPIDO theme paper on multiple chemicals risk assessment  7 https://projects.au.dk/almass/; https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10646-018-1962-0;  https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969715304939;  https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969715308597;  https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0273230017301952  6 https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/10.1289/EHP1465;  https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0273230017301952  3  - Implementing the FAIR (findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reuse) principles for  digital ERA data;  - Assessing groups/classes of chemical products for authorisation renewal based on the type  of active substance, mode of action, and/or use;  - Identifying areas where revised or new guidelines are needed for the ERA of future/new  candidate (innovative, greener) regulated substances/compounds or products;  - Developing and implementing the safe and sustainable by design concepts for regulatory  ERA 11 ;  - Integrating regulatory ERAs in EU environmental impact and sustainability assessments, or  policy assessments performed by relevant partners in the context of other regulatory  frameworks/policies;  - Developing a common currency for the assessment of environmental impacts;  - Developing more coherent, harmonised and interoperable regulatory ERA approaches;  - Comparing environmental risks of regulated substances/compounds or products with a  range of alternative solutions;  - Integrating of pre- and post-registration data of regulated substances/compounds or  products,  and  other  environmental  monitoring,  surveillance  and  pesticide/pharmacovigilance data 10 ;  - M onitoring regulated substances/compounds, or products in different environmental  compartments and matrices, and along the food/feed chain 9 ; - Developing and designing tools and methods (including post-market environmental  monitoring) for evaluating the e fficiency of risk mitigation measures;  - Assessing cumulative environmental effects resulting from exposure to multiple regulated  substances/compounds or products, and stressors 8 ;  - Assessing environmental risks resulting from exposure to regulated substances/compounds  or products at relevant levels of biological organisation (individual, population, community,  ecosystem) and spatio-temporal scales 7 ;  - Formulating ERA issues/problems and (specific) protection goals holistically to address  overall system impacts 6 ; 