that is at least equal to the fair market value of a common share as of the date of grant of the option (subject to adjustment under certain circumstances, such as upon a reorganization, stock split, recapitalization, or other change in our capital structure), (c) provide that stock appreciation rights may be granted under the Plan, (d) prohibit the repricing of stock options awarded under  the Plan, (e) provide that no amendment to the Plan that would require shareholder approval pursuant to the requirements of the  New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”), the NYSE Euronext Amsterdam Stock Exchange (“NYSE Euronext Amsterdam”) or any exchange  on which we are listed will be effective prior to approval of our shareholders, and (f) expand the performance goals enumerated under  the Plan upon which restricted share awards may be based. The amendment and restatement of the Plan does not increase the number  of common shares subject to the Plan. The Plan provides for a maximum of 10,800,000 common shares to be granted to eligible  employees. At December 31, 2013, approximately 454,053 shares remained available for the grant of new awards under the Plan.  Specifically, we encourage share ownership by awarding various long-term equity incentive awards under the Plan, consisting of  the PSAP and RSAP. We believe that widespread common share ownership by key employees is an important means of encouraging  superior performance and employee retention. Additionally, our equity-based compensation programs encourage performance and  retention by providing additional incentives for executives to further our growth, development and financial success over a longer  time horizon by personally benefiting through the ownership of our common shares and/or rights. On April 1, 2011, certain executives were awarded rights to receive an aggregate of 86,207 common shares if our calculated return  on invested capital (“ROIC”), as defined in the PSAP, is in the top decile of the Bloomberg Comp Group at the end of the three year  performance period, which ended on December 31, 2013. This arrangement was recorded as an equity award that required us to  recognize compensation expense totaling $8.0 million over the performance period that began on April 1, 2011, of which $2.9 million,  $2.7 million and $2.4 million has been recognized in 2013, 2012, and 2011, respectively. At December 31, 2013, the Company had  the highest ROIC compared to the Bloomberg Comp Group. The Compensation Committee of our Board of Supervisory Directors  verified that the performance target criteria had been met and 79,207 shares vested (7,000 shares were forfeited prior to the end  of the performance period due to the retirement of two participants). We issued these common shares on December 31, 2013 and,  simultaneously, the participants surrendered 30,367 common shares to settle any personal tax liabilities which may result from the  award, as permitted by the agreement. We recorded these surrendered shares as treasury stock with an aggregate cost of $5.8 million  at $190.95 per share. We have recognized a tax benefit from the vesting of the PSAP of $0.7 million in 2013. On February 17, 2012, certain executives were awarded rights to receive an aggregate of 79,009 common shares if our calculated  ROIC, as defined in the PSAP, is in the top decile of the Bloomberg Comp Group at the end of the performance period, which ends  on December 31, 2014. Unless there is a change in control as defined in the PSAP, none of these awards will vest if the specified  performance target is not met as of the last day of the performance period. This arrangement is recorded as an equity award that  requires us to recognize compensation expense totaling $9.4 million over the performance period that began on January 1, 2012, of  which $3.1 million and $3.1 million has been recognized in 2013 and 2012, respectively. The unrecognized compensation expense is  expected to be recognized over an estimated amortization period of 12 months. On February 13, 2013, certain executives were awarded rights to receive an aggregate of 79,660 common shares if our calculated  ROIC, as defined in the PSAP, is in the top decile of the Bloomberg Comp Group at the end of the performance period, which ends on  December 31, 2015. Unless there is a change in control as defined in the PSAP, none of these awards will vest if the specified perfor- mance target is not met as of the last day of the performance period. This arrangement is recorded as an equity award that requires  us to recognize compensation expense totaling $10.2 million over the performance period that began on January 1, 2013, of which  $3.4 million has been recognized in 2013. The unrecognized compensation expense is expected to be recognized over an estimated  amortization period of 24 months. In 2004, the Compensation Committee of our Board of Supervisory Directors approved the RSAP to attract and retain the best  employees, and to better align employee interests with those of our shareholders. Under this arrangement we awarded grants totaling  94,620 shares, 105,774 shares, and 95,760 shares in 2013, 2012, and 2011, respectively. Each of these grants has a vesting period  of principally six years and vests ratably on an annual basis. There are no performance accelerators for early vesting for these awards.  Awards under the RSAP are classified as equity awards and recorded at the grant-date fair value with the compensation expense  recognized over the expected life of the award. As of December 31, 2013, there was $31.2 million of unrecognized total stock-based  compensation relating to non-vested RSAP awards. The unrecognized compensation expense is expected to be recognized over an  Restricted Share Award Program 56 Performance Share Award Program