Pre-tax loss from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2018 includes a non-deductible $4,503 million non-cash goodwill impairment charge associated with the agriculture reporting unit, of which $3,193 million related to the U.S. and the remaining $1,310 million related to foreign operations. In connection with the Merger, pre-tax loss from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2018 and the period September 1 through December 31, 2017 includes depreciation and amortization associated with the fair value that was allocated to the company’s tangible and intangible assets as well as costs of $1,628 million and $1,469 million, respectively, recognized in cost of goods sold related to the fair value step-up of inventories (See Note 3 for further information). Additionally, global pre-tax earnings from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2018, the period September 1 through December 31, 2017, the period January 1 through August 31, 2017, and the year ended December 31, 2016 includes transaction costs associated with the Merger of $1,375 million, $314 million, $581 million, and $386 million, respectively. F-42 Geographic Allocation of (Loss) Income and Provision for (Benefit from) Income Taxes Successor Predecessor (In millions) For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 For the Period September 1 through December 31, 2017 For the Period January 1 through August 31, 2017 For the Year Ended December 31, 2016 (Loss) Income from continuing operations before income taxes Domestic $ (4,496) $ (811) $ 409 $ 1,415 Foreign (297 ) (775 ) 1,382 1,308 (Loss) Income from continuing operations before income taxes $ (4,793) $ (1,586) $ 1,791 $ 2,723 Current tax expense (benefit) Federal $ (333) $ 216 $ (563) $ 4 State and local 5 22 (11 ) 9 Foreign 453 187 282 539  Total current tax expense (benefit) $ 125 $ 425 $ (292 ) $ 552 Deferred tax expense (benefit) Federal $ 162 $ (2,790 ) $ 476 $ 22 State and local (29) (48) (8) (29) Foreign (38 ) (260 ) (27 ) 96 Total deferred tax expense (benefit) $ 95 $ (3,098) $ 441 $ 89 Provision for (Benefit from) income taxes on continuing operations 220 (2,673 ) 149 641 Net (loss) income from continuing operations $ (5,013) $ 1,087 $ 1,642 $ 2,082 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company