Feb. 18,2016  1  US 2016/0044917 Al  LOW ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT  PESTICIDE MADE FROM "GRAS"  INGREDIENTS FOR USE AGAINST COQUI  FROGS AND OTHER SPECIES  RELATED APPLICATIONS  FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH  JOINT RESEARCH AGREEMENTS  SEQUENCE LISTING  BACKGROUND  [0002]  No federal funds were used in the development of  the present invention.  [0003]  Not Applicable.  [0004]  Not Applicable.  [0005]  One aspect of this invention is an environmentally  friendly, low phyotoxic acidic aqueous pesticide composition  and a method for killing a soft-bodied animal (e.g. a Coqui  frog; a Coqui frog egg; a tree frog, a cane toad, a slug, a nettle,  a caterpillar, a nematode, an aphid, a spider mite, fruit fly  larva, a varro mite and other soft bodied insects that are  usually regarded as pests, or a combination thereof). More  specifically, the acidic aqueous pesticide composition com› prises: a low concentration of organic acid solution (less than  25%) and having a low pH (below about pH3). The active  ingredient in the pesticide composition can be selected from  acidic calcium sulfate (ACS), propionic acid, citric acid, or  various functional equivalents including salts and esters, as  described herein. The acidic aqueous pesticide composition  of can further be formulated to comprise a sulfuric acid solu› tion having a concentration below 10% (w/v) as a percentage  of the aqueous pesticide composition. Additionally, the aque› ous pesticide composition may further comprise a surfactant  for the surface area of the aqueous pesticide composition on  the soft bodied animal of interest wherein the surfactant is  selected from: an ionic-, anionic-, zwitterionic-surfactant, or  combination thereof.  [0006]  Another aspect of the current invention is a method  of killing a soft-bodied animal of interest with an acidic  pesticide composition, the method comprising the steps of:  locating the soft-bodied animal or locating an area where the  soft-bodied animal resides; contacting the soft-bodied animal  with one of the acidic pesticide compositions described  herein. About 1 ml of this composition coming in contact with  Coqui Frogs is lethal in less than about 15 minutes. This  acidic pesticide composition represents a low environmental  impact pesticide made from all GRAS ingredients also used  in food processing and which are low in phytotoxicity.  [0007]  The Coqui Frog:  [0001]  This application is a divisional application of U.S.  non-Provisional patent application Ser. No. 13/615,117, filed  on Sep. 3, 2012, which is a divisional application of U.S.  non-Provisional patent application Ser. No. 12/763,392, now  U.S. Pat. No. 8,287,919, filedonApr. 20, 2010, which claims  priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application, Ser. No.  61/170,987 filed on Apr. 20, 2009 (now abandoned) titled:  "New Pesticide use for Propionic acid and/or its salts with or  without the addition of ACS or ACS-P," having David Paul  Davis, listed as inventor, the entire content of which is hereby  incorporated by reference.  [0008]  Hawaii’s lush vegetation, warm temperatures and  high humidity not only welcome human visitors but also  indiscriminately provide a tropical paradise for the over 1,000  non-native plants, vertebrates, and invertebrates that have  been accidentally introduced over the past 65 years. Some  non-native species have become established at the expense of  native species, competing for habitat and nutrient sources.  [0009]  The Coqui frog,  Eleutherodactylus coqui,  was acci› dentally introduced into Hawaii from Puerto Rico in about  1988. Aside from being a major noise nuisance, the frogs pose  a threat to Hawaii’s island ecosystem. Coqui frogs have a  voracious appetite that puts Hawaii’s unique insects and spi› ders at risk directly. These frogs also compete with endemic  birds and other native fauna that rely on insects for food. The  frogs are quite adaptable to the different ecological zones and  elevations in the state, which is demonstrated by populations  being found from sea level to 4,000 feet elevations. Scientists  are also concerned that an established coqui frog population  may serve as a readily available food source if (or when)  brown tree snakes are accidentally introduced in Hawaii.  [001 OJ  Coqui frogs belong to a genus of frogs that do not  have a tadpole stage and therefore do not require a body of  water to reproduce. Instead, the female lays the eggs on damp  moss or leaf litter, or inside a rolled or folded leaf, and the  eggs are brooded by the male, who keeps them moist until  they hatch.  [0011]  At first, the eggs look white to off-white and opaque,  about the size oflarge tapioca pearls. As they mature, the eggs  enlarge, darken and become transparent, resembling papaya  seeds, with the frog embryo visible inside. When the tiny  froglets hatch in 14-17 days, they are about 5 mm long.  [0012]  In its native Puerto Rico, the female coqui frog  usually lays a cluster or clutch of34-75 eggs four to six times  a year. Under laboratory conditions in Hawaii, mating pairs  can produce a clutch every 2  ‰  weeks without loss of fertility,  which results in about 26 clutches per year, or more than  1,400 eggs per female per year.  It takes about 8 months for  froglets to mature, and adult coqui frogs may live as long as  4-6 years.  [0013]  Coqui populations have exploded in Hawaii over the  last 15 years from presumably a single infestation to over 200  infestations on the Big Island alone. These frogs are also  present on Maui ( e.g. 40 or more infestations), O’ahu (5 sites)  and most recently on Kaua’i (1 site, which was the subject of  an eradication effort with citric acid). In their native Puerto  Rico, a 20x20 m plot averages about 40 reproductively  mature adults (note: this number excludes juveniles). In con› trast, a 20x20 m plot on the big island contains >200 repro› ductively mature adults. One reason for the population explo› sion is believed to be the lack of natural predators ( e.g. owls,  snakes, tarantulas, scorpions) in Hawaii.  [0014]  Respiration and Circulation in Frog Skin.  [0015]  Although not wanting to be bound by theory, many  of the methods described below take advantage of the skin of  a frog being permeable to oxygen and carbon dioxide, as well  as to water. Briefly, there are a number of blood vessels near  the surface of the skin. When a frog is underwater, oxygen is  transmitted through the skin directly into the bloodstream. On  land, adult frogs can use their lungs to breathe, but the chest  muscles are not involved in respiration, and there are no ribs  or diaphragm to support breathing. Frogs breathe by taking  air in through the nostrils (which often have valves which  close when the frog is submerged), causing the throat to puff 