Appendix D. Random Bits /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom iso9660 noauto,ro,user,exec 0 0 /dev/XXX /tmp ext3 rw,nosuid,nodev 0 2 /dev/XXX /var ext3 rw,nosuid,nodev 0 2 /dev/XXX /usr ext3 rw,nodev 0 2 /dev/XXX /home ext3 rw,nosuid,nodev 0 2 Use mount -a to mount all the file systems you have specified in your /etc/fstab , or, to mount file systems individually, use: Current Ubuntu systems have mountpoints for removable media under /media , but keep compatibil- ity symlinks in / . Create these as as needed, for example: # mount /path # e.g.: mount /usr You can mount the proc and sysfs file systems multiple times and to arbitrary locations, though /proc and /sys respectively are customary. If you didn’t use mount -a , be sure to mount proc and sysfs before continuing: # mount -t proc proc /proc # mount -t sysfs sysfs /sys The command ls /proc should now show a non-empty directory. Should this fail, you may be able to mount proc from outside the chroot: # mount -t proc proc /mnt/ubuntu/proc Setting the third line of the file /etc/adjtime to “UTC” or “LOCAL” determines whether the system will interpret the hardware clock as being set to UTC respective local time. The following command allows you to set that. # editor /etc/adjtime Here is a sample: 0.0 0 0.0 0 UTC # cd /media # mkdir cdrom0 # ln -s cdrom0 cdrom # cd / # ln -s media/cdrom D.4.4.5. Setting Timezone 115