Table of Contents O. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets The following table details the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill: Engineered Products and Solutions Global Rolled Products Transportation and Construction Solutions Total Balances at December 31, 2016 Goodwill $ 4,832 $ 241 $ 128 $ 5,201 Accumulated impairment losses — — (53 ) (53 ) Goodwill, net 4,832 241 75 5,148 Impairment ( A ) (719 ) — — (719 ) Translation and other 92 11 3 106 Balances at December 31, 2017 Goodwill 4,924 252 131 5,307 Accumulated impairment losses (719 ) — (53 ) (772 ) Goodwill, net 4,205 252 78 4,535 Divestitures ( T ) (1 ) — — (1 ) Translation and other (25) (7) (2) (34) Balances at December 31, 2018 Goodwill 4,898 245 129 5,272 Accumulated impairment losses (719 ) — (53 ) (772 ) Goodwill, net $ 4,179 $ 245 $ 76 $ 4,500 December 31, 2018 Gross carrying amount Accumulated amortization Intangibles, net Computer software $ 768 $ (657 ) $ 111 Patents and licenses 110 (107) 3 Other intangibles 922 (149 ) 773 Total amortizable intangible assets 1,800 (913) 887 Indefinite-lived trade names and trademarks 32 — 32 Total other intangible assets $ 1,832 $ (913) $ 919 December 31, 2017 Gross carrying amount Accumulated amortization Intangibles, net Computer software $ 789 $ (674 ) $ 115 Patents and licenses 110 (107) 3 Other intangibles 953 (116 ) 837 Total amortizable intangible assets 1,852 (897) 955 Indefinite-lived trade names and trademarks 32 — 32 Total other intangible assets $ 1,884 $ (897) $ 987 Computer software consists primarily of software costs associated with an enterprise business solution within Arconic to drive common systems among all businesses. Amortization expense related to the intangible assets in the tables above for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016 was $81, $71, and $65, respectively, and is expected to be in the range of approximately $63 to $70 annually from 2019 to 2023. In 2017, Arconic recognized an impairment of goodwill in the amount of $719 related to the annual impairment review of the Arconic Forgings and Extrusions business. See Goodwill policy in Note  A . Other intangible assets were as follows: 92