37.  ADDITIONAL DISCLOSURES REQUIRED BY US GAAP a.  Recent accounting pronouncements  In September 2009, the FASB issued an accounting standard update which provides guidance on how to separate  consideration in multiple-deliverable arrangements and significantly expands disclosure requirements. The standard  establishes a hierarchy for determining the selling price of a deliverable, eliminates the residual method of allocation  and requires that arrangement consideration be allocated at the inception of the arrangement to all deliverables using the  relative selling price method. The update is effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after June 15, 2010. The  adoption of the guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial position and cash  flows. In September 2009, the FASB issued an accounting standard update on arrangements that include software elements.  Tangible products that have software components that are essential to the functionality of the tangible product will no  longer be within the scope of the software revenue recognition guidance, and software-enabled products will now be  subject to other relevant revenue recognition guidance. The update is effective for annual reporting periods beginning on  or after June 15, 2010. The adoption of the guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations,  financial position and cash flows. In January 2010, the FASB issued an accounting update that amended guidance and clarified the disclosure requirements  about fair market value measurement. These amended standards require new disclosures for significant transfers of assets  or liabilities between Level 1 and Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy; separate disclosures for purchases, sales, issuance  and settlements of Level 3 fair value items on a gross, rather than net basis; and more robust disclosure of the valuation  techniques and inputs used to measure Level 2 and Level 3 assets and liabilities. Except for the detailed disclosures  of changes in Level 3 items, which are effective for the Company as of January 1, 2011, the remaining new disclosure  requirements were effective for the Company as of January 1, 2010.  In April 2010, the FASB issued an accounting update that provides guidance on defining a milestone and determining  when it may be appropriate to apply the milestone method of revenue recognition for certain research and development  transactions. Under this new standard, a company can recognize as revenue consideration that is contingent upon  achievement of a milestone in the period in which it is achieved, only if the milestone meets all criteria to be considered  substantive. This standard is effective for the Company on a prospective basis as of January 1, 2011. The adoption of the  guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial position and cash flows. In April 2010, the FASB issued an accounting update to clarify that a share-based payment award with an exercise price  denominated in the currency of a market in which a substantial portion of the entity’s equity securities trades must not be  considered to contain a market, performance, or service condition. Therefore, an entity should not classify such an award  as a liability if it otherwise qualifies for classification in equity. This guidance is effective for annual periods beginning on  or after December 15, 2010, and will be applied prospectively. Affected entities will be required to record a cumulative  catch-up adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings for all awards outstanding as of the beginning of the  annual period in which the guidance is adopted. Earlier application is permitted. The adoption of the guidance did not  have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial position and cash flows. PART III F-72