EXPANDING YOUR KNOWLEDGE / 29 be placed at the end of clause or sentence but should always precede the noun or pronoun which it governs. Who are you talking to? should therefore be: To whom are you talking? ‘To’ is the preposition and ‘whom’ is a relative pronoun. However, as the second example sounds very pompous, this ‘rule’ is often ignored. Some other prepositions are: from, above, with, by, of, on, after, for, in, between. ◆ Phrases add extra information to the sentence. ◆ A phrase is a group of words that does not make sense on its own. ◆ Relative pronouns are used to introduce a dependent clause in the middle of a main clause. ◆ Sentences should not start with ‘and’ or ‘but’. ◆ If a sentence begins with a conjunction, there must be two clauses following it and they must be separated by a comma. ◆ Conjunctions or connectives are words that link clauses together. REVISING THE POINTS