Figure 4-5 New cloud-native approach: No deployment manager Figure 4-5 shows the cloud-native approach to this task. You can instruct K8s to “deploy” the image, and give it some further standards that are based  on policy for its non-functional characteristics, for example, a minimum number of replicas for  initial HA and performance characteristics, and when to create more replicas and up to what  maximum. Furthermore, K8s provides and automatically configures all the necessary load  balancing and health checking of containers for you. So, HA is standard feature in K8s. If a  container fails, K8s re-instates it. This is a different way of building and running a topology. The benefit is that it enables a  generic platform such as K8s to create instantly a topology that is based on any image that is  provided to it, and autonomically and automatically provide HA and scaling for it. If you must  re-create  exactly  that setup in another environment, K8s has everything it needs to do so.  There is no risk of configuration divergence. All environments are started from the same set  of images, configuration, and policy.  However, giving K8s a container image is not enough for it to set up and manage the  topology. You need to provide more information about how many replicas to create and where  to place them. This information is in a further set of configuration files that are typically in the  form of  Helm Charts  and  Operators . We describe these concepts in more detail later in the  chapter.  Here is another process that the cloud-native approach can do: What if you want to change  something, for example, you improved the application component design or there is an  important new fix pack out with a security patch for the run time.  You cannot make changes to  a running server.  You cannot attach to a server and run commands against it. If you do, you  lose all your cloud-native benefits because your live container goes out of sync with the  image repository and you can no longer easily re-create the environment.  94  Accelerating Modernization with Agile Integration W ŝ Ɖ Ğ ů ŝ Ŷ Ğ  3 U R G X F W F R P S R Q H Q W 3 U R G X F W D U W L I D F W Ž Ŷ ƚ Ă ŝ Ŷ Ğ ƌ  Ɖ ů Ă ƚ Ĩ Ž ƌ ŵ  > Ž Ă Ě ď Ă ů ͘  Z Ğ ů Ğ Ă Ɛ Ğ  / ŵ Ă Ő Ğ  ƌ Ğ Ɖ Ž Ɛ ŝ ƚ Ž ƌ Ǉ  Ƶ ƚ Ś Ž ƌ ŝ Ŷ Ő  > Ž Ă Ě ď Ă ů ͘  > Ž Ă Ě ď Ă ů ͘  D Ž Ŷ ŝ ƚ Ž ƌ ŝ Ŷ Ő  > Ž Ő Ă Ő Ő ƌ Ğ Ő Ă ƚ Ž ƌ  d Ğ ŵ Ɖ ů Ă ƚ Ğ / ŵ Ă Ő Ğ  ƌ Ğ Ɖ Ž Ɛ ŝ ƚ Ž ƌ Ǉ  Ă  Ă  Ă  Ă  Ă  Ă  ď  ď  Đ  Đ  Đ  Ă  Ă 