(b) in connection with the cost of the carrying out of any diversion work or the provision of  any alternative apparatus;  (c) the cutting off of any apparatus from any other apparatus or the making safe of redundant  apparatus;  (d) the approval of plans;  (e) the carrying out of protective works, plus a capitalised sum to cover the cost of  maintaining and renewing permanent protective works;  (f) the survey of any land, apparatus or works, the inspection and monitoring of works or the  installation or removal of any temporary works reasonably necessary in consequence of  the execution of any such works referred to in this Part of this Schedule; and  (g) any watching brief pursuant to paragraph 9(6).  (a) apparatus of better type, of greater capacity or of greater dimensions is placed in  substitution for existing apparatus of worse type, of smaller capacity or of smaller  dimensions; or  (b) apparatus (whether existing apparatus or apparatus substituted for existing apparatus) is  placed at a depth greater than the depth at which the existing apparatus was situated,  (a) an extension of apparatus to a length greater than the length of existing apparatus will not  be treated as a placing of apparatus of greater dimensions than those of the existing  apparatus; and  (b) where the provision of a joint in a pipe or cable is agreed, or is determined to be  necessary, the consequential provision of a jointing chamber or of a manhole will be  treated as if it also had been agreed or had been so determined.  83 28. —(1) Subject to sub-paragraphs (2) and (3), if by reason or in consequence of the  construction of any such works authorised by this Part of this Schedule (including without  limitation relocation, diversion, decommissioning, construction and maintenance of apparatus or  alternative apparatus) or in consequence of the construction, use, maintenance or failure of any of  the authorised works by or on behalf of the undertaker or in consequence of any act or default of  the undertaker (or any person employed or authorised by him) in the course of carrying out such  (5) An amount which apart from this sub-paragraph would be payable to Cadent in respect of  works by virtue of sub-paragraph (1) will, if the works include the placing of apparatus provided  in substitution for apparatus placed more than 7 years and 6 months earlier so as to confer on  Cadent any financial benefit by deferment of the time for renewal of the apparatus in the ordinary  course, be reduced by the amount which represents that benefit.  (4) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (3)—  and the placing of apparatus of that type or capacity or of those dimensions or the placing of  apparatus at that depth, as the case may be, is not agreed by the undertaker or, in default of  agreement, is not determined by arbitration in accordance with paragraph 32 (arbitration) to be  necessary, then, if such placing involves cost in the construction of works under this Part of this  Schedule exceeding that which would have been involved if the apparatus placed had been of the  existing type, capacity or dimensions, or at the existing depth, as the case may be, the amount  which apart from this sub-paragraph would be payable to Cadent by virtue of sub-paragraph (1)  will be reduced by the amount of that excess save where it is not possible in the circumstances (or  it would be unlawful due to a statutory or regulatory change) to obtain the existing type of  apparatus at the same capacity and dimensions or place at the existing depth in which case full  costs will be borne by the undertaker.  (3) If in accordance with the provisions of this Part of this Schedule—  (2) There will be deducted from any sum payable under sub-paragraph (1) the value of any  apparatus removed under the provisions of this Part of this Schedule and which is not re-used as  part of the alternative apparatus, that value being calculated after removal.  Indemnity 