Driver’s Manual | 11 The restrictions for drivers with learner permits  are also available at state or county motor vehicle  offices or online, “Important Information About  Learners’ Permits” (MV-500H), at the DMV web- site,  dmv.ny.gov/forms/mv500h.pdf. of a parent and discharges parental duties as the  result of a court appointment.  “In Loco Parentis”  means a person who  assumes the role of a parent for the purpose of  performing parental duties with the implied or  actual consent of a parent (e.g. as a result of the  death, incapacity, or in the absence, of a parent).  “School Course”  means instruction that is  licensed or approved by a state agency or depart- ment, or training conducted by the U.S. Armed  Forces. The term “school course” does NOT  include activities or events for which no scholastic  credits are given. “Guardian”  means a person who has, on a reg- ular and extended basis, assumed the character  “Properly Licensed”  means has a license valid  in this state to drive the type of vehicle being  driven by the new or junior driver. Definitions (For the purpose of this section of  the manual) You must drive only under the immediate supervision of your: 1. Parent 2. Guardian 3. Person “in loco parentis” 4. Driver Education Teacher 5. Driving School Instructor Those listed above must be age  21 or older and have a license  valid for the vehicle being driven. Vehicle must have dual controls  (dual brakes) REGIONAL RESTRICTIONS FOR A JUNIOR PERMIT New York City (5 Boroughs)  Long Island (Nassau & Suffolk)  Upstate (All Other Counties) 5AM – 9PM  5AM – 9PM  5AM – 9PM You must drive only under the  immediate supervision of your: 1. Parent 2. Guardian 3. Person “in loco parentis” 4. Driver Education Teacher 5. Driving School Instructor; or 6. Anyone who has been desig- nated in writing by the parent,  guardian, or person “in loco  parentis”. Those listed above must be age  21 or older and have a license  valid for the vehicle being driven. You must drive only under the  immediate supervision of: A person who is age 21 or older  and has a license valid for the  vehicle being driven. 9PM – 5AM  9PM – 5AM  9PM – 5AM You must NOT drive. You must NOT drive You must drive only under the  immediate supervision of your: 1. Parent 2. Guardian 3. Person “in loco parentis” 4. Driver Education Teacher 5. Driving School Instructor Those listed above must be age  21 or older and have a license  valid for the vehicle being driven.