Most manufacturers include a table of contents that identifies  the order of the entire manual by section number and title.  Usually, each section also contains a table of contents for that  section. Page numbers reflect the section and page within that  section (1-1, 1-2, 2-1, 3-1, etc.). If the manual is published  in loose-leaf form, each section is usually marked with a  divider tab indicating the section number, title, or both. The  Emergency Procedures section may have a red tab for quick  identification and reference.  The aircraft owner/information manual is a document  developed by the aircraft manufacturer and contains general  information about the make and model of the aircraft.  The manual is not approved by the Federal Aviation  Administration (FAA) and is not specific to an individual  aircraft. The manual provides general information about the  operation of an aircraft, is not kept current, and cannot be  substituted for the AFM/POH.  An AFM is a document developed by the aircraft manufacturer  and approved by the FAA. This book contains the information  and instructions required to operate an aircraft safely. A  pilot must comply with this information which is specific  to a particular make and model of aircraft, usually by serial  number. An AFM contains the operating procedures and  limitations of that aircraft. Title 14 of the Code of Federal  Regulations (14 CFR) part 91 requires that pilots comply  with the operating limitations specified in the approved flight  manuals, markings, and placards.  The General section provides the basic descriptive  information on the airframe and powerplant(s). Some  manuals include a three-dimensional drawing of the aircraft  that provides dimensions of various components. Included  are such items as wingspan, maximum height, overall length,  wheelbase length, main landing gear track width, diameter  of the rotor system, maximum propeller diameter, propeller  ground clearance, minimum turning radius, and wing area.  This section serves as a quick reference and helps a pilot  become familiar with the aircraft.  The last segment of the General section contains definitions,  abbreviations, explanations of symbology, and some of  the terminology used in the POH. At the discretion of the  manufacturer, metric and other conversion tables may also  be included.  Originally, flight manuals followed whatever format and  content the manufacturer felt was appropriate, but this  changed with the acceptance of Specification No. 1 prepared  by the General Aviation Manufacturers Association (GAMA).  Specification No. 1 established a standardized format for all  general aviation airplane and helicopter flight manuals.  The POH is a document developed by the aircraft  manufacturer and contains FAA-approved AFM information.  If “POH” is used in the main title, a statement must be  included on the title page indicating that sections of the  document are FAA approved as the AFM.  The POH for most light aircraft built after 1975 is also  designated as the FAA-approved flight manual. The typical  AFM/POH contains the following nine sections: General;  Limitations; Emergency Procedures; Normal Procedures;  Performance; Weight and Balance/Equipment List; Systems  Description; Handling, Service, and Maintenance; and  Supplements. Manufacturers also have the option of including  additional sections, such as one on Safety and Operational  Tips or an alphabetical index at the end of the POH.  The Limitations section contains only those limitations required  by regulation or that are necessary for the safe operation of  the aircraft, powerplant, systems, and equipment. It includes  operating limitations, instrument markings, color-coding,  and basic placards. Some of the limitation areas are airspeed,  powerplant, weight and loading distribution, and flight.  Airspeed limitations are shown on the airspeed indicator  (ASI) by color coding and on placards or graphs in the  aircraft.  [Figure 9-1]  A red line on the ASI shows the airspeed  limit beyond which structural damage could occur. This is  called the never-exceed speed (V$_{NE}$). A yellow arc indicates  the speed range between maximum structural cruising speed  (V$_{N0}$) and V$_{NE}$. Operation of an aircraft in the yellow airspeed  arc is for smooth air only and then only with caution. A green  arc depicts the normal operating speed range, with the upper  end at V$_{N0}$ and the lower end at stalling speed at maximum  weight with the landing gear and flaps retracted (V$_{S1}$). For  airplanes, the flap operating range is depicted by the white  arc, with the upper end at the maximum flap extended speed  (V$_{FE}$), and the lower end at the stalling speed with the landing  gear and flaps in the landing configuration (V$_{S0}$).  While the AFM/POH may appear similar for the same make  and model of aircraft, each manual is unique and contains  specific information about a particular aircraft, such as the  equipment installed and weight and balance information.  Manufacturers are required to include the serial number and  registration on the title page to identify the aircraft to which  the manual belongs. If a manual does not indicate a specific  aircraft registration and serial number, it is limited to general  study purposes only.  General (Section 1)  Limitations (Section 2)  Airspeed  Preliminary Pages  9-2 