Figure 1-18.  From left to right, a sectional VFR chart, IFR chart, and chart supplement U.S. (formerly Airport/Facility Directory) with  a sample of a page from the supplement.  Pilot and Aeronautical Information  Notices to Airmen (NOTAMs)  Notices to Airmen, or NOTAMs, are time-critical aeronautical  information either temporary in nature or not sufficiently  known in advance to permit publication on aeronautical  charts or in other operational publications. The information  receives immediate dissemination via the National Notice to  Airmen (NOTAM) System. NOTAMs contain current notices  to airmen that are considered essential to the safety of flight,  as well as supplemental data affecting other operational  publications. There are many different reasons that NOTAMs  are issued. Following are some of those reasons:  NOTAM information is generally classified into four  categories: NOTAM (D) or NOTAMs that receive distant  dissemination, distant and Flight Data Center (FDC)  NOTAMs, Pointer NOTAMs, and Military NOTAMs  pertaining to military airports or NAVAIDs that are part of the  NAS. NOTAMs are available through Flight Service Station  (FSS), Direct User Access Terminal Service (DUATS),  private vendors, and many online websites.  NOTAM (D) information is disseminated for all navigational  facilities that are part of the NAS, and all public use airports,  seaplane bases, and heliports listed in the Chart Supplement  U.S. (formerly Airport/Facility Directory). NOTAM (D)  information now includes such data as taxiway closures,  personnel and equipment near or crossing runways, and  airport lighting aids that do not affect instrument approach  criteria, such as visual approach slope indicator (VASI).  All D NOTAMs are required to have one of the following  keywords as the first part of the text: RWY, TWY, RAMP,  APRON, AD, OBST, NAV, COM, SVC, AIRSPACE, (U),  or (O).  [Figure 1-19]  NOTAM (D) Information  • Hazards, such as air shows, parachute jumps, kite  flying, and rocket launches  • Flights by important people such as heads of state  • Closed runways  • Inoperable radio navigational aids  • Military exercises with resulting airspace restrictions  • Inoperable lights on tall obstructions  • Temporary erection of obstacles near airfields  • Passage of flocks of birds through airspace (a NOTAM  in this category is known as a BIRDTAM)  • Notifications of runway/taxiway/apron status with  respect to snow, ice, and standing water (a SNOWTAM)  • Notification of an operationally significant change in  volcanic ash or other dust contamination (an ASHTAM)  • Software code risk announcements with associated  patches to reduce specific vulnerabilities  • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • NEVADA 245 ALAMO LANDING FLD 2 W UTC 8( 7DT) N37 ° 21.75 (L92) W115 ° 11.67 LAS VEGAS 3719 NOTAM FILE RNO RWY 14–32: 5000X120 (DIRT) RWY 14: Brush. RWY 32: Berm. RWY 15–33: 2500X70 (DIRT) RWY 15: Berm. RWY 33: Berm. AIRPORT REMARKS: Unattended. Uncontrolled vehicle access. No line of sight between rwy ends. Rwys 15–33 and Rwy 14–32 livestock in vicinity of rwys. COMMUNICATIONS: CTAF 122.9 AUSTIN (TMT) 4 SW UTC 8( 7DT) N39 ° 28.08 W117 ° 11.72 LAS VEGAS 5735 B NOTAM FILE RNO H–3C, L–9B RWY 18–36: H6000X75 (ASPH) S–30 MIRL RWY 18: REIL. PAPI(P2L)—GA 3.0 °  TCH 40 . RWY 36: REIL. PAPI(P2L)—GA 3.0 °  TCH 40 . Fence. AIRPORT REMARKS: Unattended. Military acft opr in vicinity of arpt. ACTIVATE MIRL Rwy 18–36, PAPI Rwys 18 and 36, REIL Rwy 18 and 36—CTAF. WEATHER DATA SOURCES: AWOS–3PT 132.925 (775) 964–1144. COMMUNICATIONS: CTAF 122.9 RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION: NOTAM FILE RNO. MINA (H) VORTAC MVA N38 ° 33.92 115.1 Chan 98 W118 ° 01.97 019 °  66.7 NM to fld. 7860/17E. HIWAS. BATTLE MOUNTAIN (BAM) 3 SE UTC 8( 7DT) N40 ° 35.94 W116 ° 52.46 SALT LAKE CITY 4536 B S4 FUEL 100LL, JET A NOTAM FILE RNO H–3C, L–9B, 11B RWY 12–30: H7302X150 (ASPH) S–30, D–104, 2S–132 MIRL IAP RWY 03–21: H7299X150 (ASPH) S–30, D–125, 2S–159 MIRL RWY 03: VASI(V2R)—GA 3.0 °  TCH 26 . RWY 21: PAPI(P4L)—GA 3.0 °  TCH 45 . AIRPORT REMARKS: Attended Oct–May 1500–0100Z ‡ , Jun–Sep 1500–0200Z ‡ . After hrs call 775–635–2245. ACTIVATE MIRL Rwy 03–21 and Rwy 12–30, and perimeter lgts H1—CTAF. WEATHER DATA SOURCES: AWOS–3 119.45 (775) 635–8419. COMMUNICATIONS: CTAF/UNICOM 122.8 MT LEWIS RCO 122.65 (RENO RADIO) SALT LAKE CENTER APP/DEP CON 132.25 RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION: NOTAM FILE RNO. (H) VORTACW 112.2 BAM Chan 59 N40 ° 34.15 W116 ° 55.34 033 °  2.8 NM to fld. 4536/18E. VORTAC unusable: 050 ° –060 °  byd 30 NM blo 12,000 115 ° –165 °  byd 15 NM blo 12,000 255 ° –290 °  byd 15 NM blo 12,000 DME unusable 246 ° –255 °  byd 34 NM blo 14,000 HELIPAD H1: H60X60 (CONC) HELIPAD H2: H60X60 (CONC) HELIPORT REMARKS: Rwy H1 perimeter lights. ACTIVATE MIRL Rwy 03–21 and Rwy 12–30, and perimeter lgts H1—CTAF. ,  1-12 