ence your  Pilot’s Operating Handbook  to understand  the specific design considerations for the aircraft you  will be flying. The numbers are small and difficult to measure or  feel so the industry rule of thumb is to assume the  PPC flies at a constant speed and angle of attack with  changes in throttle. However, increased load (weight)  and load factor has a significant effect on speed. [Fig - ure 2-30] As discussed in Chapter 2 of the  Pilot’s Handbook of  Aeronautical Knowledge  the following points apply  to powered parachute operations: In a 45-degree turn, the 800 pounds weight would  equal 800 times 1.4 or 1,120 pounds total load. This  45-degree turn, 1.4 G loading is the same as adding  320 pounds of weight to the 800 pounds. This new  1,120 pounds of lift must be produced by the wing by  increased speed and/or angle of attack. If all the addi- tional lift is produced from airspeed, airspeed would  increase about 5 MPH, a noticeable difference. Refer- The following summarizes PPC aerodynamics: PPC Aerodynamics Summary • Increasing throttle causes the PPC to climb,  decreasing the throttle allows the PPC to  descend. • The PPC flies at a relatively constant airspeed  and angle of attack in normal flying conditions. • The weight of the PPC controls steady state  airspeed under similar conditions of wing size  and type, trim, steering line settings, and pilot  flare. Increased weight or load factor increases  speed and/or angle of attack. • The lighter the weight, the slower the airspeed,  the less control pressure on the wing, and the  slower your descent. • The heavier the cart (total weight under the  wing), the faster the airspeed, the more effort  required for maneuvers (foot steering pressure),  and the faster your descent. • The wing set (rectangular or elliptical), size,  and cart weight have a strong influence on PPC  performance and maneuverability. • During straight and level flight, the lift opposes  the weight. • In a banked turn, the lift is no longer directly  opposite the weight; it is losing some of the  vertical component of lift. More lift is needed  so the vertical component of lift will equal the  weight. • In a banked turn, lift must be increased and load  factor goes up. [Figure 2-30] Figure 2-30. Loads and turning forces.  2-16