192  191  US 9,551,933 B2  -continued  rO~OH  N~ O ~0H  rO~O~OH  HO~N~o~o~OH  rO~O~OH  N~o~ 0 ~oH  (2) Compound Having a Nitrogen-Containing Heterocyclic  Structure  The nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring may or may not  have aromaticity, may contain a plurality of nitrogen atoms,  and may further contain a heteroatom other than nitrogen.  Specific examples of the compound include a compound  having an imidazole structure (e.g., 2-phenylbenzimidazole,  2,4,5-triphenylimidazole), a compound having a piperidine  structure [ e.g., N-hydroxyethylpiperidine, bis(l ,2,2,6,6-pen› tamethyl-4-piperidyl)sebacate ], a compound having a pyri› dine structure (e.g., 4-dimethylaminopyridine), and a com› pound having an antipyrine structure ( e.g., antipyrine,  hydroxyantipyrine ).  Preferred examples of the compound having a nitrogen› containing heterocyclic structure include guanidine, amin› opyridine, aminoalkylpyridine, aminopyrrolidine, indazole,  imidazole, pyrazole, pyrazine, pyrimidine, purine, imidazo- line, pyrazoline, piperazine, aminomorpholine, and amino› alkylmorpholine. These compounds may further have a  substituent.  Preferred examples of the substituent include an amino  group, an aminoalkyl group, an alkylamino group, an 40  aminoaryl group, an arylamino group, an alkyl group, an  alkoxy group, an acyl group, an acyloxy group, an aryl  group, an aryloxy group, a nitro group, a hydroxyl group,  and a cyano group.  More preferred examples of the basic compound include  imidazole, 2-methylimidazole, 4-methylimidazole, N-meth› ylimidazole,  2-phenylimidazole,  4,5-diphenylimidazole,  2,4,5-triphenylimidazole,  2-aminopyridine,  3-aminopyri› dine, 4-aminopyridine, 2-dimethylaminopyridine, 4-dimeth- ylaminopyridine, 2-diethylaminopyridine, 2-(aminomethyl)  pyridine,  2-amino-3-methylpyridine,  2-amino-4- methylpyridine,  2-amino-5-methylpyridine,  2-amino-6- methy !pyridine,  3-aminoethy !pyridine,  4-aminoethylpyridine,  3-aminopyrrolidine,  piperazine,  N-(2-aminoethyl)piperazine,  N-(2-aminoethyl)piperidine,  4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4-piperidinopiperi› dine, 2-iminopiperidine, 1-(2-aminoethyl)pyrrolidine, pyra› zole,  3-amino-5-methylpyrazole,  5-amino-3-methyl-1-p- tolylpyrazole,  pyrazine,  2-(aminomethyl)-5- methylpyrazine, pyrimidine, 2,4-diaminopyrimidine, 4,6- dihydroxypyrimidine,  2-pyrazoline,  3-pyrazoline,  N-aminomorpholine, and N-(2-aminoethyl)morpholine.  A compound having two or more ring structures is also  suitably used. Specific examples thereof include 1,5-diaz- abicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec- 7-ene.  The cation of the ammonium salt is preferably a tetraalky› lammonium cation substituted with an alkyl group having a  carbon number of 1 to 18, more preferably a tetramethyl› ammonium cation, a tetraethylanimonium cation, a tetra(n› butyl)ammonium cation, a tetra(n-heptyl)animonium cation,  a tetra(n-octyl)ammonium cation, a dimethyl-hexadecylam› monium cation, a benzyltrimethyl cation or the like, still  more preferably a tetra(n-butyl)ammonium cation.  An ammonium salt may be also appropriately used as the  basic compound.  The phenoxy group-containing amine compound is  obtained, for example, by reacting a primary or secondary  amine having a phenoxy group with a haloalkyl ether under  heating and after adding an aqueous solution of a strong base  such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and tet› raalkylammonium, extracting the reaction product with an  organic solvent such as ethyl acetate and chloroform. The  phenoxy group-containing amine compound can be also  obtained by reacting a primary or secondary amine with a  haloalkyl ether having a phenoxy group at the terminal  under heating and after adding an aqueous solution of a  strong base such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide  and tetraalkylammonium, extracting the reaction product  with an organic solvent such as ethyl acetate and chloro› form.  (3) Phenoxy Group-Containing Amine Compound  ( 4) Ammonium Salt  Specific examples of the compound include 2-[2-{2-(2,  2-dimethoxy-phenoxyethoxy )ethyl }-bis-(2-methoxyethyl) ]› amine and Compounds (Cl-1) to (C3-3) illustrated in para› graph [0066] of U.S. Patent Application Publication No.  2007 /0224539Al.  The compound preferably has at least one oxyalkylene  chain between the phenoxy group and the nitrogen atom.  The number of oxyalkylene chains per molecule is prefer› ably from 3 to 9, more preferably from 4 to 6. Among  oxyalkylene chains, ----CH$_{2}$CH$_{2}$ 0- is preferred.  The phenoxy group-containing amine compound 1s a  compound where the alkyl group contained in an amine  compound has a phenoxy group at the terminal opposite the  N atom. The phenoxy group may have a substituent such as  alkyl group, alkoxy group, halogen atom, cyano group, nitro  group, carboxy group, carboxylic acid ester group, sulfonic  acid ester group, aryl group, aralkyl group, acyloxy group  and aryloxy group. 