Figure 14-55.  Engineered material arresting system (EMAS)  located at Yeager Airport, Charleston, West Virginia.  Engineered Materials Arresting Systems (EMAS)  Incidents  EMAS Installations and Information  •  November 2011—A Cessna Citation 550 overran the  runway at Key West International Airport (KEYW)  in Key West, Florida.  • May 1999—A Saab 340 commuter aircraft overran  the runway at John F. Kennedy International Airport  (JFK).  • October 2010—A G-4 Gulfstream overran the  runway at Teterboro Airport (KTEB) in Teterboro,  New Jersey (NJ).  • January 2010—A Bombardier CRJ-200 regional jet  overran the runway at Yeager Airport (KCRW) in  Charleston, West Virginia (WV).  [Figure 14-58]  •  July 2008—An Airbus A320 overran the runway at  O’Hare International Airport (ORD).  • July 2006—A Mystere Falcon 900 overran the  runway at Greenville Downtown Airport (KGMU)  in Greenville, South Carolina.  •  January 2005—A Boeing 747 overran the runway at  JFK.  •  May 2003—A Cargo McDonnell Douglas (MD)-11  overran the runway at JFK.  can safely comply. Finally, after landing and upon exiting  the runway, ensure your aircraft has completely crossed over  the runway hold markings. Once all parts of the aircraft have  crossed the runway holding position markings, you must hold  unless further instructions have been issued by ATC. Do not  initiate non-essential communications or actions until the  aircraft has stopped and the brakes set.  Aircraft can and do overrun the ends of runways and  sometimes with devastating results. An overrun occurs  when an aircraft passes beyond the end of a runway during  an aborted takeoff or on landing rollout. To minimize the  hazards of overruns, the FAA incorporated the concept of  a runway safety area (RSA) beyond the runway end into  airport design standards. At most commercial airports, the  RSA is 500 feet wide and extends 1,000 feet beyond each  end of the runway. The FAA implemented this requirement  in the event that an aircraft overruns, undershoots, or veers  off the side of the runway.  The most dangerous of these incidents are overruns, but  since many airports were built before the 1,000-foot RSA  length was adopted some 20 years ago, the area beyond the  end of the runway is where many airports cannot achieve the  full standard RSA. This is due to obstacles, such as bodies  of water, highways, railroads, populated areas, or severe  drop-off of terrain. Under these specific circumstances, the  installation of an Engineered Materials Arresting System  (EMAS) is an acceptable alternative to a RSA beyond the  runway end. It provides a level of safety that is generally  equivalent to a full RSA.  [Figure 14-55]  An EMAS uses materials of closely controlled strength and  density placed at the end of a runway to stop or greatly slow  an aircraft that overruns the runway. The best material found  to date is a lightweight, crushable concrete. When an aircraft  rolls into an EMAS arrestor bed, the tires of the aircraft sink  into the lightweight concrete and the aircraft is decelerated  by having to roll through the material.  [Figure 14-56]  Currently, EMAS is installed at 63 runway ends at 42 airports  in the United States with plans to install more throughout the  next few years.  EMAS information is available in the Chart Supplement  U.S. (formerly Airport/Facility Directory) under the specific  airport information.  Figure 14-59  shows airport information  for Boston Logan International Airport. At the bottom of the  page, it shows which runways are equipped with arresting  systems and the type that they have. It is important for pilots  to study airport information, become familiar with the details  and limitations of the arresting system, and the runways that  are equipped with them.  [Figure 14-60]  To date, there have been several incidents listed below where  the EMAS technology has worked successfully to arrest  aircraft that overrun the runway. All cases have resulted in  minimal to do damage to the aircraft. The only known injury  was an ankle injury to a passenger during egress following  the arrestment.  [Figure 14-57]  14-35 