correctly it is possible to realize a successful electroweak symmetry breaking. One of the virtues of the NMSSM is that it can provide a solution to the µ problem. An effective µ -term for H$_{u}$H$_{d}$ will arise from eq. (108), with µ$_{eff}$ = λs. It is determined by the dimensionless couplings and the soft terms of order m$_{soft}$ , instead of being a free parameter conceptually independent of SUSY breaking. In general, NMSSM also provides extra sources for large CP violation and conditions for electroweak baryogenesis [388, 389]. The singlet S contains a real P$_{R}$ = +1, and a P$_{R}$ = − 1 Weyl fermion singlino, ˜ S . These fields have no gauge couplings of their own, so they can only couple to the SM particles via mixing with the neutral MSSM fields with the same spin and charge. The odd R -parity singlino ˜ S mixes with the four MSSM neutralinos.. The singlino could be the LSP and the dark matter candidate [390–392], in some parameter space neutralino type dark matter is also possible [393, 394]. For collider signatures, see [395]. 4. Gravity mediated SUSY breaking The gravity mediated SUSY breaking, which is associated with new physics which in- cludes gravity at the string scale or at the Planck scale [31, 377]. It is assumed that SUSY is broken by the VEV 〈 F 〉 ̸ = 0 and is communicated to the MSSM by gravity. On dimensional grounds, the soft terms in the visible sector should then be of the order m$_{0}$ ∼ 〈 F 〉 /M$_{P}$ , see [31]. The SUGRA Lagrangian must contain the non-renormalizable terms which communicate between the hidden and the observable sectors. For the cases where the kinetic terms for the chiral and gauge fields are minimal, one obtains the following soft terms [31, 377] m$_{1}$$_{/}$$_{2}$ ∼ 〈 F 〉 M$_{P}$ , m 2 0 ∼ |〈 F 〉| 2 M 2 P , A$_{0}$ ∼ 〈 F 〉 M$_{P}$ , B$_{0}$ ∼ 〈 F 〉 M$_{P}$ . (109) The gauginos get a common mass M$_{1}$ = M$_{2}$ = M$_{3}$ = m$_{1}$$_{/}$$_{2}$ , the squark and slepton masses are m 2 Q = m 2 u = m 2 d = m 2 L = m 2 e = m 2 $_{0}$, and for the Higgses m 2 H$_{u}$ = m 2 H$_{d}$ = m 2 $_{0}$. The A -terms are proportional to the Yukawa couplings while b = B$_{0}$µ . Another possibility is that the SUSY is broken via gaugino condensate 〈 0 | λ $^{a}$λ$^{b}$| 0 〉 = Note that m$_{soft}$ → 0 as M$_{P}$ → ∞ . In order to obtain a phenomenologically acceptable soft SUSY mass m$_{soft}$ ∼ O (100) GeV, one therefore requires the scale of SUSY breaking in the hidden sector to be √ 〈 F 〉 ∼ 10 10 − 10 11 GeV. Another possibility is that the SUSY is broken via gaugino condensate 0 λ $^{a}$λ$^{b}$| 0 = 51