V W traffic alert systems  ...................................................... 5-30 traffic avoidance  ......................................................... 11-12 traffic avoidance systems  ............................................. 5-30 traffic information system  ............................................ 5-29 transponders  ................................................................... 2-3 trim ..................................................... 4-8, 6-20, 7-26, 7-45 control  ......................................................................... 6-8 technique  ........................................................ 7-12, 7-43 turn-and-slip indicator  .......................................... 5-20, 7-8 turn coordinator  .................................................... 5-21, 7-7 turn coordinator/turn-and-slip indicator  ......................... 6-8 turn indicator  ........................................................ 5-20, 8-7 turn rate indicator  ......................................................... 7-38 turns.................................................. 4-10, 7-19, 7-51, 8-13 common errors  ................................................ 7-25, 8-15 coordination of rudder and aileron controls  ............. 4-11 radius of turn ............................................................ 4-11 rate of turn ................................................................ 4-11 turns to predetermined headings  ............... 7-20, 7-52, 8-13 vacuum pump systems  ................................................. 5-17 venturi tube systems  ..................................................... 5-17 vertical card magnetic compass  ................................... 5-15 vertical descent angle (VDA)  ....................................... 1-23 vertical speed indicator (VSI)  .................. 5-8, 6-5, 7-4, 8-5 very high frequency omnidirectional range (VOR)  ....... 9-8 function  ..................................................................... 9-11 operational errors  ...................................................... 9-14 receiver accuracy check ............................................ 9-16 test facility (VOT)  .................................................... 9-16 vestibular illusions  ......................................................... 3-5 coriolis illusion  ........................................................... 3-6 elevator illusion  .......................................................... 3-6 graveyard spiral  .......................................................... 3-6 inversion illusion  ........................................................ 3-6 leans, the  ..................................................................... 3-5 somatogravic illusion  ................................................. 3-6 VFR-on-top  ................................................................ 10-26 VFR over-the-top  ....................................................... 10-26 visibility figures  ........................................................... 1-23 vision under dim and bright illumination  ....................... 3-3 visual illusions  ............................................................... 3-7 false horizon ............................................................... 3-7 autokinesis .................................................................. 3-7 VOR accuracy  .............................................................. 9-16 VOR components  ......................................................... 9-10 VOR/DME RNAV  ....................................................... 9-22 components  ............................................................... 9-23 function  ..................................................................... 9-23 errors......................................................................... 9-24 VSI tape  ....................................................................... 7-36 weather avoidance assistance  ....................................... 2-11 weather conditions  ..................................................... 10-22 thunderstorms ......................................................... 10-24 turbulence  ............................................................... 10-22 volcanic ash  ............................................................ 10-24 wind shear ............................................................... 10-25 weather information and communication features  ....... 1-10 wet-type vacuum pump  ................................................ 5-17 wide area augmentation system (WAAS)  .................... 9-32 wind shear  .................................................................. 10-25 windshields  .................................................................. 4-17 wing ................................................................................ 4-2 I-6 unforecast adverse weather  .......................................... 11-2 unusual attitude recovery protection  ............................ 7-55 unusual attitudes........................................................... 8-16 unusual attitudes and recoveries  .................................. 7-26 common errors  .......................................... 7-28, 7-58, 8-16 U