checklists are of no value if the pilot is not committed to  using them. Without discipline and dedication to using the  appropriate checklists at the appropriate times, the odds  are on the side of error. Pilots who fail to take the use of  checklists seriously become complacent and begin to rely  solely on memory. At a minimum, prepared checklists should be used for the  following phases of flight.  [Figure 1-18] The importance of consistent use of checklists cannot be  overstated in pilot training. A major objective in primary  flight training is to establish habit patterns that will serve  pilots well throughout their entire flying career. The flight  instructor must promote a positive attitude toward the use of  checklists, and the student pilot must realize its importance.  Figure 1-16. Stalls occur when the airfoils angle of attack reaches  the critical point which can vary between 16° and 20°.  Figure 1-17. Checklists have been the foundation of pilot  standardization and flight safety for many years.  Figure 1-15. All student pilots must receive and log flight training in stalls and stall recoveries prior to their first solo flight. • Preflight Inspection • Before Engine Start • Engine Starting • Before Taxiing • Before Takeoff • After Takeoff •  Cruise •  Descent • Before Landing  • After Landing • Engine Shutdown and Securing 0° 5° 16° Stall angle 20° Turbulent wake Separation point Tilt with respect to horizontal plane  Separation point moves slightly forward Separation point jumps forward Maximum lift Large turbulent wake (reduced lift end large pressure drag) Separated flow region expands and reduces AFT 1-14