ENBRIDGE 2000 ANNU AL REPORT 45 10. Income Taxes Effective January 1, 2000, the Company adopted the new recommendations for accounting for income taxes. The recommendations have been adopted retroactively without restatement of the prior years’ results. The new standard does  not impact the accounting for income taxes for the wholly-owned rate-regulated operations of the Company, which use  the taxes payable basis. Under the new recommendations, income taxes for non-regulated operations are accounted for using the liability method. Adoption of the new recommendations resulted in a charge to retained earnings of $112.0 million, of which $76.1 million related to the unbundled rental assets, $22.4 million related to the tax effect of differences between the carrying amount  of investments and their respective tax basis, and the remaining $13.5 million related to other non-regulated assets. In addition, the tax effect of differences between the assigned and underlying values of identifiable assets in prior years’ business combinations resulted in an increase of $430.1 million in property, plant and equipment. These adjustments, along with the recharacterization of deferred credits and a regulated receivable related to a future income tax liability to  be recovered from the ratepayers (specific to the unbundling transaction), resulted in a cumulative adjustment of  $634.1 million in future income tax liabilities. Geographic Components of Pre-tax Earnings and Income Taxes (millions of dollars) December 31, 2000 1999 1998 Earnings before income taxes Canada 297.4 236.5 212.6 United States 68.2 102.7 88.2 Other 47.0 48.1 35.4 412.6 387.3 336.2 (millions of dollars) December 31, 2000 1999 1998 Current income taxes Canada 154.4 62.3 89.4 United States (5.1) 13.5 29.8 Other 5.9 6.2 2.2 155.2 82.0 121.4 Future income taxes Canada (152.1) (3.4) (24.4) United States (5.0) 8.9 (1.7) (157.1) 5.5 (26.1) (1.9) 87.5 95.3