Database Record. A single line of computer data made up  of the fields necessary to define fully a single useful piece  of data.  Decision Altitude (DA). A specified altitude in the precision  approach at which a missed approach must be initiated  if the required visual reference to continue the approach  has not been established. The term “Decision Altitude (DA)”  is referenced to mean sea level and the term “Decision  Height (DH)” is referenced to the threshold elevation. Even  though DH is charted as an altitude above MSL, the U.S.  has adopted the term“DA” as a step toward harmonization  of the United States and international terminology. At  some point, DA will be published for all future instrument  approach procedures with vertical guidance.  Decision Height (DH). See Decision Altitude.  Departure End of Runway (DER). The end of runway  available for the ground run of an aircraft departure. The  end of the runway that is opposite the landing threshold,  sometimes referred to as the stop end of the runway.  Altitude, velocity vector, and direction to all other aircraft  and air traffic control facilities within a specific area.  Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B)  information is displayed in the flight deck via a cockpit  display of traffic information (CDTI) unit, providing the pilot  with greater situational awareness. ADS-B transmissions  also provide controllers with a more complete picture of  traffic and update that information more frequently than  other surveillance equipment.  Descend Via. A descend via clearance instructs you to follow  the altitudes published on a STAR. You are not authorized to  leave your last assigned altitude unless specifically cleared  to do so. If ATC amends the altitude or route to one that  is different from the published procedure, the rest of the  charted descent procedure is canceled. ATC will assign  you any further route, altitude, or airspeed clearances, as  necessary.  Digital ATIS (D-ATIS). An alternative method of receiving  ATIS reports by aircraft equipped with datalink services  capable of receiving information in the flight deck over  their Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting  System (ACARS) unit.  Digital Elevation Model (DEM). A digital representation of  ground surface topography or terrain.  Closely Spaced Dependent Approaches. Identifies  dependent approaches to parallel runways spaced less  than 2,500 feet apart where ATC is permitted to apply  reduced diagonal separation and special wake turbulence  procedures. turbulence procedures.  Cockpit Display of Traffic Information (CDTI). The display  and user interface for information about air traffic within  approximately 80 miles. It typically combines and shows  traffic data from TCAS, TIS-B, and ADS-B. Depending on  features, the display may also show terrain, weather, and  navigation information.  Collision Hazard. A condition, event, or circumstance  that could induce an occurrence of a collision or surface  accident or incident.  Columns. See database columns.  Contact Approach. An approach where an aircraft on an  IFR flight plan, having an air traffic control authorization,  operating clear of clouds with at least one mile flight  visibility, and a reasonable expectation of continuing to  the destination airport in those conditions, may deviate  from the instrument approach procedure and proceed to  the destination airport by visual reference to the surface.  This approach is only authorized when requested by the  pilot and the reported ground visibility at the destination  airport is at least one statute mile.  Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT). A situation where a  mechanically normally functioning aircraft is inadvertently  flown into the ground, water, or an obstacle. There are  two basic causes of CFIT accidents; both involve flight  crew situational awareness. One definition of situational  awareness is an accurate perception by pilots of the factors  and conditions currently affecting the safe operation of the  aircraft and the crew. The causes of CFIT are the flight crews’  lack of vertical position awareness or their lack of horizontal  position awareness in relation to terrain and obstacles.  Database Columns. The spaces for data entry on each  record. One column can accommodate one character.  Database Field. The collection of characters needed to  define one item of information.  Database Identifier. A specific geographic point in space  identified on an aeronautical chart and in a naviation  database, officially designated by the controlling state  authority or derived by Jeppesen. It has no ATC function  and should not be used in filing flight plans nor used when  communicating with ATC.  G-3 