Explanation: Routine METAR for Gregg County Airport for the 16th day of the month at 1753Z automated source. Winds are 140 at 21 knots gusting to 26. Visibility is ¾ statute mile.  Thunderstorms with heavy rain and mist. Ceiling is broken  at 800 feet, overcast at 1,200 feet with cumulonimbus clouds. Temperature 18 °C and dew point 17 °C. Barometric pressure is 29.70 "Hg and falling rapidly.  one weather phenomenon encountered. A PIREP is normally transmitted as an individual report but may be appended to  a surface report. Pilot reports are easily decoded, and most  contractions used in the reports are self-explanatory. UA/OV GGG 090025/TM 1450/FL 060/TP C182/SK 080 OVC/WX FV04SM RA/TA 05/WV 270030KT/TB LGT/RM HVY RAIN Example: PIREPs provide valuable information regarding the  conditions as they actually exist in the air, which cannot be  gathered from any other source. Pilots can confirm the height  of bases and tops of clouds, locations of wind shear and  turbulence, and the location of inflight icing. If the ceiling is  below 5,000 feet, or visibility is at or below five miles, ATC  facilities are required to solicit PIREPs from pilots in the area.  When unexpected weather conditions are encountered, pilots  are encouraged to make a report to a FSS or ATC. When a  pilot weather report is filed, the ATC facility or FSS adds it  to the distribution system to brief other pilots and provide  inflight advisories.  PIREPs are easy to file and a standard reporting form outlines  the manner in which they should be filed.  Figure 13-7  shows  the elements of a PIREP form. Item numbers 1 through 5 are  required information when making a report, as well as at least  Explanation: Figure 13-7.  PIREP encoding and decoding.  13-8  Pilot Weather Reports (PIREPs)  Type: .................................Routine pilot report Location: .......................... 25 NM out on the 090° radial,  Gregg County VOR Time: ................................ 1450 Zulu Altitude or Flight Level:  6,000 feet Aircraft Type: ...................Cessna 182 Sky Cover: ........................8,000 overcast Visibility/Weather: ...........4 miles in rain Temperature: .....................5 °Celsius Wind: ................................270° at 30 knots Turbulence: .......................Light Icing: ................................ None reported Remarks: .......................... Rain is heavy 1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  10  11  12  13  XXX  UA  /OV  /TM  /FL  /TP  /SK  /WX  /TA  /WV  /TB  /IC  /RM  3-letter station identifier  Routine PIREP, UUA-Urgent PIREP.  Location  Time  Altitude/flight level  Type aircraft  Sky cover/cloud layers  Weather  Air temperature in celsius (C)  Wind  Turbulence  Icing  Remarks  Nearest weather reporting location to the reported phenomenon  Use 3-letter NAVAID idents only.  a. Fix: /OV ABC, /OV ABC 090025.  b. Fix: /OV ABC 045020-DEF, /OV ABC-DEF-GHI  4 digits in UTC: /TM 0915.  3 digits for hundreds of feet. If not known, use UNKN: /FL095, /FL310, /FLUNKN.  4 digits maximum. If not known, use UNKN: /TP L329, /TP B727, /TP UNKN.  Describe as follows:  a. Height of cloud base in hundreds of feet. If unknown, use UNKN.  b. Cloud cover symbol.  c. Height of cloud tops in hundreds of feet.  Flight visibility reported first:  Use standard weather symbols:  /WX FV02SM RA HZ, /WX FV01SM TSRA.  If below zero, prefix with a hyphen: /TA 15, /TA M06.  Direction in degrees magnetic north and speed in six digits:  /WV270045KT, WV 280110KT.  Use standard contractions for intensity and type (use CAT or CHOP when  appropriate). Include altitude only if different from /FL, /TB EXTRM, /TB  LGT-MOD BLO 090.  Describe using standard intensity and type contractions. Include altitude only if  different than /FL: /IC LGT-MOD RIME, /IC SEV CLR 028-045.  Use free form to clarify the report and type hazardous elements first:  /RM LLWS -15KT SFC-030 DURC RY22 JFK.  Encoding Pilot Weather Reports (PIREPS) 