Sales and Purchases of Products and Services with MPM Purchases and Sales of Products and Services with Affiliates Other than MPM Other Transactions and Arrangements 6. Goodwill and Intangible Assets The Company also sells products to, and purchases products from, MPM. During each of the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, the Company sold less than $1 of products to MPM. During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, the Company earned $1 from MPM as compensation for acting as distributor of products. Refer to the below table for the summary of the purchases of products with MPM: The Company sells products to and purchases raw materials and services from various Apollo affiliates other than MPM. These sales were $2, $4, and $6 for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016. Accounts receivable from these affiliates were less than $1 at both December 31, 2018 and 2017. There were no purchases for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 and purchases of less than $1 for the year ended December 31, 2016. The Company had no accounts payable to these affiliates at December 31, 2018 and 2017. The Company sells products and provides services to, and purchases products from, its other joint ventures which are recorded under the equity method of accounting. Refer to the below table for a summary of the sales and purchases with the Company and its joint ventures which are recorded under the equity method of accounting: In addition to the joint ventures disclosed above, the Company had a loan receivable of $7 and $6 at December 31, 2018 and 2017 from its unconsolidated forest products joint venture in Russia. The Company’s gross carrying amount and accumulated impairments of goodwill consist of the following as of December 31, 2018 and 2017: 65 Table of Contents Year ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Purchases from MPM $ 32 $ 24 $ 27 Year ended December 31, 2018 2017 Accounts payable to MPM $ 3 $ 2 Year ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Sales to joint ventures $ 9 $ 17 $ 43 Purchases from joint ventures 6 14 17 Year ended December 31, 2018 2017 Accounts receivable from joint ventures $ 2 $ 6 Accounts payable to joint ventures <1 1 2018 2017 Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Impairments Accumulated Foreign Currency Translation Net Book Value Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Impairments Accumulated Foreign Currency Translation Net Book Value $^{(1)}$  Epoxy, Phenolic and Coating Resins $ 111 $ (70 ) $ — $ 41 $ 111 $ (70 ) $ 1 $ 42 Forest Products Resins 80 — (12) 68 81 — (10) 71 Total $ 191 $ (70 ) $ (12 ) $ 109 $ 192 $ (70 ) $ (9 ) $ 113 (1) Includes $1 of goodwill related to the ATG Business, within the Forest Products Resins segment, included in “Long-term assets held for sale” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.