PUBLIC LAW 116–35—JULY 30, 2019  133 STAT. 1044  (8) During the Chinese Civil War, 14 members of the  Armed Forces of the United States sacrificed their lives in  service to the United States, 150 non-combatants of the United  States lost their lives in the war, and 51 were wounded,  resulting in 215 United States military casualties.  (9) The third unrecognized war era involving active United  States military personnel is known as the Cold War.  (10) The Cold War was a period spanning from approxi- mately 1947 until 1991 when the Soviet Union collapsed.  (11) Although no direct large-scale military fighting  occurred between the militaries of the United States and the  Soviet Union, active United States military personnel served  in multiple regional conflicts during the Cold War, resulting  in the deaths of not fewer than 32 members of the Armed  Forces who sacrificed their lives in service to the United States  and not fewer than 12 additional casualties.  (12) The fourth unrecognized war era involving active  United States military personnel is known as the China Cold  War.  (13) The China Cold War started when the Kuomintang-  led Government of the Republic of China retreated to the island  of Taiwan and lasted until 1972, after President Richard Nixon  conducted a landmark state visit to China.  (14) During the military operations of the China Cold War,  not fewer than 16 members of the Armed Forces of the United  States sacrificed their lives in service to the United States.  (15) The fifth unrecognized war era involving active United  States military personnel was the Lebanon Crisis of 1958,  which involved more than 14,000 United States personnel and  resulted in the death of one member of the Armed Forces  who sacrificed his life in service to the United States and  five non-combat deaths.  (16) The sixth unrecognized war era involving active United  States military personnel was the Bay of Pigs invasion in  April 1961.  (17) The Bay of Pigs invasion was a failed military invasion  of Cuba undertaken by a United States military group spon- sored by the Central Intelligence Agency that resulted in not  fewer than one death of a member of the Armed Forces who  sacrificed his life in service to the United States and 19 non-  combat deaths.  (18) The seventh unrecognized war era involving active  United States military personnel was the Cuban Missile Crisis,  which took place between October 16 and October 28, 1962.  (19) The Cuban Missile Crisis directly related to homeland  protection against the deployment of a Soviet ballistic missile  in Cuba.  (20) During the Cuban Missile Crisis, one member of the  Armed Forces sacrificed his life in service to the United States  and 19 others died as non-combatants.  (21) The eighth unrecognized war era involving active  United States military personnel was the Dominican Civil War  in 1965.  (22) Operations during the Dominican Civil War resulted  in the deaths of 27 members of the Armed Forces who sacrificed  their lives in service to the United States, 20 non-combat-  related deaths, and 283 wounded. 