Construction of Giresun Wastewater Treatment Plant  Tender Dossier Volume 3 Employer’s Requirements  Section 06: Concrete and Steel Works  1 of 18  6.4.8 Handrails in buildings  6.4.9 Structural steelwork  6_Vol3_d4.3_Section 6 Concrete and steel works_en_GIR_rev6.docx  Handrails shall consist of galvanized steel and be designed to withstand a horizontal force at handrail  level of 350 N/m. The deflection of rails shall not exceed 0.8% of their span between standards and the  deflection of standards shall not exceed 0.8% of their height.  Standards and handrails shall be not less than 30mm in diameter.  Horizontal handrails shall be 1100 mm high with an intermediate rail 550 mm high The handrail  height shall be measured vertically from finished floor level to the handrail centreline.  Sloping handrails shall be as specified for horizontal handrails but with the top rail 900 mm vertically  above the line of pitch. Stanchions shall be vertical and spaced at not more than 1.5 m measured paral- lel to the line of pitch.  Horizontal mounting flanges shall be drilled for not less than three bolts with two bolts on a line paral- lel to and on the walkway side of the line of the handrail. Vertical mounting flanges shall be drilled for  not less than two bolts with the line through the bolts being vertical. Fittings shall be screwed or se- cured with grub screws. The standards shall be set at not more than 1.5 m center. When provided in  sections, handrails shall be joined together with purpose-made fittings secured by screws or grub  screws.  Ladder and other openings shall be closed with two galvanized mild steel hanging chains which shall  be secured at one end and detachable at the other.  Bolts, nuts and washers shall be hot-dip galvanized.  Handrails, balustrades, bolts and nuts in the Administration Building shall be made of stainless steel.  The Contractor shall ensure that, unless specified to the contrary, all handrails shall be of uniform ap- pearance and manufacture.  Detailed drawings of handrails shall be submitted by the Contractor for the approval of the Engineer.  The permissible design stresses for materials, bolts, rivets, etc. are given in TS 648.  Rolled structural steel sections shall be mild steel complying with the requirements of TS EN 10025  and TS EN 10029. The dimensions, tolerances and properties of the structural sections shall conform  to TS EN 10034 or TS EN 10067  Structures and components, such as required for ladders, hoppers etc. shall be shop fabricated so as to  form sub-assemblies of the largest practical size suitable for transportation, handling and erection.  The Contractor shall submit drawings and calculations of his proposals for structural steelwork prefab- ricated building frames in duplicate for the Engineer’s approval, 21 days before commencing fabrica- tion.  The coating systems shall be as given in herewith Employer’s Requirements, Section 6.2. 