11 6  9.1_SMSM_201904  Originally published April 2019  Uncontrolled copy when downloaded  Definitions and Acronyms  Section 9  Preliminary Hazard List (PHL). A hazard identification tool used to list all potential hazards in  the overall operation. Development of a PHL typically begins with a brainstorming session  among the individuals performing the safety analysis.  Process. A set of interrelated or interacting activities that transforms inputs into outputs.  Program Assessment. A Safety Assessment’s review of an organization’s safety programs or  initiatives. Programs and initiatives include, but are not limited to, Service Area Quality  Assurance, Air Traffic Facility Quality Control, Runway Incursion Prevention Plans, Equipment  Availability Programs, and Contractor Quality Assurance programs for FAA contract towers.  Qualitative Data. Subjective data that is expressed as a measure of quality; nominal data.  Quality Assurance. A program for the systematic monitoring and evaluation of the various  aspects of a project, service, or facility to ensure that standards of quality are being met. It is a  process to assess and review the processes and systems that are used to provide outputs  (whether services or products) and to identify risks and trends that can be used to improve  these systems and processes. Quality Control. A process that assesses the output (whether a product or service) of a  particular process or function and identifies any deficiencies or problems that need to be  addressed.  Quantitative Data. Objective data expressed as a quantity, number, or amount, allowing for a  more rational analysis and substantiation of findings.  Recording. The process of documenting the identified hazards and the associated safety  analysis information.  Redundancy. A design attribute in a system that ensures duplication or repetition of elements  to provide alternative functional channels in case of failure. Redundancy allows the service to  be provided by more than one path to maximize the availability of the service.  Requirement. An essential attribute or characteristic of a system. It is a condition or capability  that must be met or passed by a system to satisfy a contract, standard, specification, or other  formally imposed document or need.  Risk Acceptance. The confirmation by the appropriate management official that he or she  understands the safety risk associated with the NAS change and that he or she accepts that  safety risk into the NAS. Risk acceptance requires that signatures have been obtained for the  Risk. The composite of predicted severity and likelihood of the potential effect of a hazard.  Residual Risk. • FAA Definition. The remaining predicted severity and likelihood that exist after all selected risk control techniques have been implemented. • ATO Definition. The level of risk that has been verified by completing a thorough monitoring plan with achieved measurable safety performance target(s). Residual risk is the assessed severity of a hazard’s effects and the frequency of the effect’s occurrence.