Examples of the Effect of Collation Suppose that column  X  in table  T  has these  latin1  column values: Suppose also that the column values are retrieved using the following statement: The following table shows the resulting order of the values if we use  ORDER BY  with different collations. The character that causes the different sort orders in this example is the U with two dots over it ( ü ), which the Germans call “U-umlaut.” Suppose that you have three tables that differ only by the character set and collation used: Each table contains two records: Two of the above collations have an  A = ˜  equality, and one has no such equality ( latin1_german2_ci ). For that reason, you’ll get these results in comparisons: 1959 mysql>  SELECT * FROM german1 WHERE c = ’Bär’; +------+ | c | +------+ | Bar | | Bär | mysql>  INSERT INTO german1 VALUES (’Bar’), (’Bär’); mysql>  INSERT INTO german2 VALUES (’Bar’), (’Bär’); mysql>  INSERT INTO germanutf8 VALUES (’Bar’), (’Bär’); mysql>  SET NAMES utf8; mysql>  CREATE TABLE german1 ( c CHAR(10) ) CHARACTER SET latin1 COLLATE latin1_german1_ci; mysql>  CREATE TABLE german2 ( c CHAR(10) ) CHARACTER SET latin1 COLLATE latin1_german2_ci; mysql>  CREATE TABLE germanutf8 ( c CHAR(10) ) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci; Muffler Müller MX Systems MySQL SELECT X FROM T ORDER BY X COLLATE  collation_name ; latin1_swedish_ci latin1_german1_ci latin1_german2_ci Muffler Muffler Müller MX Systems Müller Muffler Müller MX Systems MX Systems MySQL MySQL MySQL •The first column shows the result of the  SELECT  using the Swedish/Finnish collating rule, which says that U-umlaut sorts with Y. •The second column shows the result of the  SELECT  using the German DIN-1 rule, which says that U- umlaut sorts with U. •The third column shows the result of the  SELECT  using the German DIN-2 rule, which says that U-umlaut sorts with UE. Example 2: Searching for German Umlauts