Table of Contents $^{(1)}$  These amounts were recorded in Other expense (income), net (see Note  E ). 91 J. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss The following table details the activity of the four components that comprise Accumulated other comprehensive loss for both Arconic’s shareholders and noncontrolling interests: Arconic Noncontrolling Interests 2019 2018 2017 2019 2018 2017 Pension and other postretirement benefits ( F ) Balance at beginning of period $ (2,344) $ (2,230) $ (2,010) $ — $ — $ — Adoption of accounting standard  (A) — (369 ) — — — — Other comprehensive (loss) income: — Unrecognized net actuarial gain and prior service cost/benefit (587 ) 70 (466 ) — — — Tax benefit (expense) 129 (19) 102 — — — Total Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications, net of tax (458 ) 51 (364 ) — — — Amortization of net actuarial loss and prior service cost (1) 90 262 222 — — — Tax expense (2) (20 ) (58 ) (78 ) — — — Total amount reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax (3) 70 204 144 — — — Total Other comprehensive (loss) income (388 ) 255 (220 ) — — — Balance at end of period $ (2,732) $ (2,344) $ (2,230) $ — $ — $ — Foreign currency translation Balance at beginning of period $ (583) $ (437) $ (689) $ — $ — $ (2) Other comprehensive (loss) income (4) (13 ) (146 ) 252 — — 2 Balance at end of period $ (596) $ (583) $ (437) $ — $ — $ — Debt securities Balance at beginning of period $ (3) $ (2) $ 132 $ — $ — $ — Other comprehensive income (loss) (5) 3 (1 ) (134 ) — — — Balance at end of period $ — $ (3) $ (2) $ — $ — $ — Cash flow hedges Balance at beginning of period $ 4 $ 25 $ (1) $ — $ — $ — Adoption of accounting standard ( A ) (2 ) 2 — — — — Other comprehensive (loss) income: Net change from periodic revaluations (9 ) (15 ) 37 — — — Tax benefit (expense) 3 3 (9) — — — Total Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications, net of tax (6 ) (12 ) 28 — — — Net amount reclassified to earnings Aluminum contracts (6) 5 (8 ) (2 ) — — — Interest rate contracts (8) — (2) — — — — Nickel contracts (7) (1 ) (4 ) (1 ) — — — Sub-total 4 (14) (3) — — — Tax (expense) benefit (2) (1 ) 3 1 — — — Total amount reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax (3) 3 (11) (2) — — — Total Other comprehensive (loss) income (3 ) (23 ) 26 — — — Balance at end of period $ (1) $ 4 $ 25 $ — $ — $ — Accumulated other comprehensive loss $ (3,329) $ (2,926) $ (2,644) $ — $ — $ —