Performance Audit Report on the Control of F MD 4.4 COLLABORATION WITH KEY STAKEHOLDERS  According to the report on the review of the FMD strategies in Botswana by the  Department of Veterinary Services in collaboration with the Botswana National  Vaccine Institute (June 2012), “There is a need to develop participatory diseases  control guidelines, in order to clearly define the roles and responsibilities of each  stakeholder. This will enhance and strengthen their contribution towards  effective management of livestock diseases particularly FMD.”  However, document review and interviews with staff revealed that the DVS had  not developed a clear guide on how DVS personnel particularly at district level  were to collaborate with important stakeholders in disease control. For instance,  the Botswana Police Service and the Botswana Defence Force deployed officers  to patrol fences along the Botswana Zimbabwe border line in the Zone 6 and 7  areas. Those fences doubled as disease control fences and border fence and were  constructed by the DVS. However, there was no documentary evidence of a  formal agreement for the two security organs to share information with the DVS  especially that of disease control interest, such as damage to the fence and cattle  incursions. There was also no documentary evidence of formal agreement for  collaboration in resource utilisation, particularly transport, despite the DVS’  transport challenges at district level. Options like joint vehicle patrols between  the DVS and the Security Officers deployed along the border fence as well as  transporting of DVS fence maintenance personnel could be facilitated by such  collaborative agreements.  Furthermore, despite animals particularly elephants and buffaloes creating  significant challenges in the control of FMD, it transpired from interviews with  management that the Department had not yet devised formal inter-ministerial  coordination structures for collaboration between the DVS and the Department  of Wildlife and National Parks (DWNP) with an aim to ensure sustainable  harmony of wildlife conservation with livestock production. In addition, it  49 |  P a g e