APPENDIX A6$_{ }$ Table A6-1. Example of Construction Equipment Data  Equipment  Horsepower  Load Factor  Usage Factor  Source: EPA, NONROAD2008b, 2013,  http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/nonrdmdl/nonrdmdl2005/420r05013.pdf.  Note: cfm = cubic feet per minute.  A6.2.4  Fugitive Emissions  The construction emissions inventories for fugitive dust sources should be calculated using  emission factors within EPA’s  AP-42,  Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors, 45  and  other publications. Fugitive dust emissions can result from the following activities: grading,  moving soil, and digging, loading/unloading of trucks, movement of trucks on unpaved surfaces,  and wind erosion of stockpiles. A fugitive dust emission factor of 1.2 tons per acre disturbed per  month during construction should be used, consistent with AP -42 ,  assuming that 25 percent of  the construction project area would be disturbed per construction month.  PM$_{2.5 }$is assumed to be  10 percent of PM $_{10}$. A dust control efficiency of 75 percent due to daily watering and other  measures can also be estimated.  Equations A6-3  ( Fugitive Dust Construction PM$_{10 }$Emissions )  and  A6-4  ( Fugitive Dust Construction PM$_{2.5 }$Emissions ) are used to obtain emission estimates for  fugitive dust sources:  Fugitive Dust PM$_{10 }$Emission Rate (tons/year) = Total Area Disturbed (acre) x 0.25 x 1.2 tons/acre  Disturbed/Month x 12 month/year x (1-0.75) control efficiency  Fugitive Dust PM$_{2.5 }$Emission Rate (tons/year) = Fugitive Dust PM$_{10 }$Emission Rate (tons/year) x 0.10  PM$_{2.5 }$to PM$_{10 }$ratio  Equation A6-3. Fugitive Dust Construction PM$_{10 }$Emissions  Equation A6-4. Fugitive Dust Construction PM$_{2.5 }$Emissions  Evaporative VOC emissions associated with the application of hot mix asphalt on areas requiring  paving (e.g., roadways, parking lots, and taxiways) should be estimated using raw ma terials  quantities, as well as an emission factor of 0.053 tons of VOC per acre of asphalt material laid. 46  If the acreage of asphalt placed is known, than the area can be determined based on the amount  of asphalt used and the assumption of six inches of thickness.  Equation A6-5  ( Fugitive Asphalt  VOC Construction Emission s) is used to obtain fugitive asphalt VOC emission estimates:  Asphalt VOC Emission Rate (tons/year) = 0.053 tons/acre of asphalt placed x acres of asphalt placed  per year  Equation A6-5. Fugitive Asphalt VOC Construction Emissions  45 EPA, AP-42, Fifth Edition, Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors, Volume I: Stationary Point and  Area Sources,  http://www.epa.gov/ttnchie1/ap42/.  46 EPA,  Emission Inventory Improvement Program , Asphalt Paving, Chapter 17, Volume III, April 2001,  http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/iii17_apr2001.pdf.  49$_{ }$