NAS-804.  National Aircraft Standards Specifications  Number 804; this is the minimum performance standards  required by Technical Standard Order, TSO-C23b, for  parachute assemblies manufactured under this TSO. National Airspace Standards (NAS).  National Aircraft  Standards. Major repair.  A repair that, if improperly done, might  appreciably affect weight, balance, structure strength,  performance, powerplant operation, flight characteristics  or other qualities affecting airworthiness; or that is not  according to accepted practices or cannot be done by  elementary operations. Malfunction.  The complete or partial failure of the  parachute canopy to effect proper opening and descent. Some  malfunctions are canopy damage, twisted suspension lines,  inversion or semi-inversion of the canopy, a line over, etc. Needle.  A small, slender, pointed piece of steel with a hole  for thread used for sewing. Nicopress.  A copper sleeve used to join cables to form loops  or splices. Malfunction or Defect Report, FAA Form 8330-2.  A form  used to report serious defects or other recurring unairworthy  conditions of parachutes or aircraft. Marquisette.  Netting. Mass.  The quantity of matter in an object. Nylon.  A synthetic material of protein-like structure derived  from coal, air, and water, which is adapted for fashioning into  filaments of extreme toughness, strength, and elasticity and  used in the manufacture of parachutes. Master Parachute Rigger.  An individual certified by the  FAA to pack, maintain, and alter parachutes. The highest  classification of parachute rigger. N O Opening shock.  The decelerating force exerted on the load  following that of the snatch force. Caused by the acceleration  of the canopy and the air mass associated with it. Maximum operating weight.  The total weight of the  parachutist and all equipment that exits the aircraft with  the jumper. Opening time.  The time elapsing between the opening  of a parachute pack and the opening of the canopy to its  fullest extent. Mildew.  A type of fungus or mold that forms on fabric  and leather in damp environments. Mildew weakens some  materials and if it appears on a parachute canopy, the areas  must be cleaned, repaired, or replaced. Oscillation.  Pendulum-like swinging of the suspended load  beneath the inflated canopy; usually the result of trapped air  escaping under the lower lateral band.  Outboard.  Facing to the outside, such as a ripcord facing  to the side of the jumper rather than toward the breastbone. Military specification (MIL-SPEC).  A specification set by  military agencies and used for the procurement of military  supplies and equipment. Overhand knot.  A simple knot tied separately in each end  of a piece of cord above a square, surgeon’s, or other knot  to prevent the end from slipping through the lower knot. Minor repair.  A repair other than a major repair. Modification.  1. A change. 2. Often refers to the removing  of canopy area to effect steerability and forward glide. Mouth lock.  A device that holds the mouth of the canopy  closed until the lines are deployed. MPH.  Miles per hour. MSL.  Mean sea level. MS.  Military Specification under the MS system. Pack.  A synonymous term for the parachute container. Pack opening band.  A cloth-covered steel spring assembly  with hooks at each end used to expedite the opening of the  pack by rapidly pulling the flaps away from the canopy. Pack stiffener.  Generally, metal stiffeners used in military  assemblies to give shape and form to the pack. P G-7