RNG PULL SCAN PUSH ON BRT PROC CRSR MSG OBS ALT NRST CLR ENT D MENU DTK TK . nm LEG VOR NDB INT USR ACT NAV FPL SET AUX APT1 Pages appear on the display and organize  information by topic. Some topics span  several pagers to form chapters. An annunciation is provided to show the page that is currently displayed. The first page of the Airport chapter  is indicated here. Individual pages are accessed  by rotating the inner knob. Some chapters are accessed by rotating the outer knob. Some chapters are accessed  by pressing buttons on the front  of the computer. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z SPC BKSP PFD MFD NAV COM PFD MENU FPL PROC CLR ENT SEL DFLT MAP SOFTKEY SELECT EMERG PUSH CRSR/PUSH 1-2 FMS/ NAV-COM PUSH PAN RANGE + − 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 − 0 + Figure 3-3. Pages and page groups (chapters). Figure 3-4. An FMS keypad. Integrated Avionics Systems Making Entries in the FMS page presents information about a particular topic, and bears  a page title reflecting its content. For example, the airport  chapter may be divided into several airport pages, each page  displaying different information about that airport. One page  might be navaids. Another page might be the airport taxiway  diagram. Yet another airport page might indicate available  services and fixed-base operators. Review the documentation  for that specific unit and installation to determine what  information and levels of data are available and require  updates. Usually, only one page can be displayed at a time.  The airport page is displayed on the FMS in  Figure 3-3. Figure 3-3  shows how to access pages and chapters on one  manufacturer’s FMS. Different FMS units have different  ways of allowing the pilot to switch between chapters and  pages, and different ways of informing the pilot which chapter  and page is currently displayed. To enter data, you use the FMS buttons (keyboard or  individual) and knob controls, or a data source, such as disk  media or keypad, as shown in  Figure 3-4. FMS units that do not feature keypads typically require the  pilot to make entries using the same knobs to move among  chapters and pages. In this case, the knobs have multiple  purposes and, thus, have different modes of operation. To  use the knobs for data entry, you must first activate what  some manufacturers call the “cursor” (or “data entry”)  mode. Activating the cursor mode allows you to enter data  by turning the knob. In other units, after activating the data  entry mode, entries are made by pushing buttons. the items on the page, indicating that it is ready for editing.  Then, the inner knob is used to dial letters and numbers;  the outer knob is used to move the flashing cursor between  items on the page. Figure 3-5  illustrates the use of cursor mode to enter the  name of an airport using one FMS. Pressing the inner knob  engages cursor mode. A flashing cursor appears over one of  Some systems integrate FMS/RNAV display and controls  into existing cockpit displays usually called PFDs and MFDs.  In this case, there is no separate display to point to and call the  RNAV display.  Figure 3-6  shows a system that uses the PFD  to provide controls and a display for the FMS. This type of  system utilizes the same concepts and procedures described  above to access and enter into the navigation computer. 3-4