Table of Contents The following table summarizes policyholder reserves for Life & Group. (1) To the extent that unrealized gains on fixed income securities supporting long term care products and annuity contracts would result in a premium deficiency if those gains were realized, an increase in Insurance reserves is recorded, net of tax, as a reduction of net unrealized gains through Other comprehensive income (loss) (Shadow Adjustments). (2) Ceded reserves relate to claim or policy reserves fully reinsured in connection with a sale or exit from the underlying business. Core income increased $30 million in 2017 as compared with 2016. This increase was driven by favorable morbidity partially offset by unfavorable persistency in the long term care business. Additionally, the release of long term care claim reserves resulting from the annual claims experience study was higher in 2017 as compared with 2016. 2017 Compared with 2016 40 December 31, 2018 (In millions) Claim and claim adjustment expenses Future policy benefits Total Long term care $ 2,761 $ 9,113 $ 11,874 Structured settlement annuities 530 — 530 Other 14 — 14 Total 3,305 9,113 12,418 Shadow adjustments  (1) 115 1,250 1,365 Ceded reserves  (2) 181 234 415 Total gross reserves $ 3,601 $ 10,597 $ 14,198 December 31, 2017 (In millions) Claim and claim adjustment expenses Future policy benefits Total Long term care $ 2,568 $ 8,959 $ 11,527 Structured settlement annuities 547 — 547 Other 16 — 16 Total 3,131 8,959 12,090 Shadow adjustments  (1) 159 1,990 2,149 Ceded reserves  (2) 209 230 439 Total gross reserves $ 3,499 $ 11,179 $ 14,678