Oct. 8, 2020  15  US  2020/0319551  Al  [0221]  The repeating unit c4 is preferably a repeating unit  having a group formed by removing one or more hydrogen  atoms from the anhydride ring represented by General  Formula (AHD).  [0222]  The anhydride ring group may be present in a side  chain of the repeating unit or may be present in the form of  the main chain. Among those, the anhydride ring is prefer› ably present in the form of the main chain.  [0223]  The expression that the main chain has an anhy› dride ring group means that an atom constituting the anhy› dride ring group is simultaneously an atom constituting the  main chain of the repeating unit. The number of atoms  constituting the main chain in such an anhydride ring may be  one or may be two or more.  [0224]  The repeating unit c4 is preferably a repeating unit  represented by General Formula (c4-1) or (c4-2).  preferably 7 5% by mass or more, even more preferably 90%  by mass or more, and particularly preferably 95% by mass  or more, with respect to the total mass of the resin X. An  upper limit of the total content is not particularly limited,  and is usually 100% or less.  [0236]  Other examples of the repeating units are shown  below.  [0237]  Repeating Unit Having Phenolic Hydroxyl Group.  [0225]  In General Formula ( c4-1 ), ahd$_{1 }$represents a group  obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from each of two  different atoms (preferably two different carbon atoms, and  more preferably two adjacent carbon atoms) constituting a  ring in an anhydride ring represented by General Formula  (AHD) (preferably a ring represented by General Formula  (AHD-2)).  [0226]  It  should be noted that the anhydride ring repre› sented by General Formula (AHD) in this case satisfies at  least the condition of the above-described aspect (b) as an  aspect having two or more hydrogen atoms.  [0227]  In General Formula (c4-2), RIII’s each indepen› dently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent.  [0228]  RIII is preferably a hydrogen atom.  [0229]  ahd$_{2 }$ represents a group obtained by removing two  hydrogen atoms from atoms (preferably carbon atoms con› stituting the methylene group) constituting a ring and having  two or more hydrogen atoms in the anhydride ring repre› sented by General Formula (AHD) (preferably the ring  represented by General Formula (AHD-2)).  [0230]  It  should be noted that the anhydride ring repre› sented by General Formula (AHD) in this case satisfies at  least the condition of the above-described aspect (a) as an  aspect having two or more hydrogen atoms.  [0231]  The repeating unit C may be used alone or in  combination of two or more kinds thereof.  [0232]  A content of the repeating unit C is preferably 5%  to 60% by mass, more preferably 7% to 45% by mass, and  still more preferably 10% to 30% by mass, with respect to  the total mass of the resin X.  [0233]  (Other Repeating Units)  [0234]  The repeating unit contained in the resin X is not  limited to the above-mentioned repeating units A to C, and  may have other repeating units.  [0235]  It  should be noted that from the viewpoint that the  effect of the present invention is more excellent, a total  content of the repeating unit A, the repeating unit B, and the  repeating unit C is preferably 60% by mass or more, more  [0249]  Ar$_{4 }$ represents an (n+ 1 )-valent aromatic ring group.  The divalent aromatic ring group in a case where n is 1 may  [0248]  Preferred examples of the substituents in each of  the groups include an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an  aryl group, an amino group, an amide group, a ureido group,  a urethane group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a  halogen atom, an alkoxy group, a thioether group, an acyl  group, an acyloxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a cyano  group, and a nitro group. The substituent preferably has 8 or  less carbon atoms.  [0247]  As the alkyl group included in the alkoxycarbonyl  group of each of R$_{4}$ i,  R$_{42}$, and R$_{43 }$in General Formula (I),  the same ones as the alkyl group in each ofR$_{4}$ i,  R$_{42}$, and R 43  are preferable.  [0246]  Examples of the halogen atom of each of R$_{41}$, R 42 ,  and R$_{43 }$ in General Formula (I) include a fluorine atom, a  chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom, and the  fluorine atom is preferable.  [0245]  The cycloalkyl group of each of R$_{41}$, R 42 , and R 43  in General Formula (I) may be a monocycle or a polycycle.  Among those, a monocyclic cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8  carbon atoms, such as a cyclopropyl group, a cyclopentyl  group and a cyclohexyl group, is preferable.  [0244]  As the alkyl group of each of R$_{41}$, R 42 , and R $_{43 }$in  General Formula  (I), an alkyl group having 20 or less carbon  atoms, such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl  group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, a sec-butyl  group, a hexyl group, a 2-ethylhexyl group, an octyl group,  and a dodecyl group, is preferable, an alkyl group having 8  or less carbon atoms is more preferable, and an alkyl group  having 3 or less carbon atoms is still more preferable.  [0243]  n represents an integer of 1 to 5.  [0242]  Ar$_{4 }$ represents a (n+l)-valent aromatic ring group,  and in a case where Ar$_{4 }$ is bonded to R$_{42 }$to form a ring, it  represents an (n+2)-valent aromatic ring group.  [0241]  L$_{4 }$ represents a single bond or an alkylene group.  [0240]  X$_{4 }$ represents a  single bond,  -COO-, or  ----CONR$_{64}$-, and R$_{64 }$represents a hydrogen atom or an  alkyl group.  [0239]  R$_{4}$ i,  R$_{42}$, and R$_{43 }$each independently represent a  hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halo› gen atom, a cyano group, or an alkoxycarbonyl group.  It  should be noted that R$_{42 }$ may be bonded to Ar$_{4 }$ to form a  ring, and in this case, R$_{42 }$ represents a single bond or an  alkylene group.  [0238]  In General Formula (I),  (c4-2)  (c4-1)  (I)  ~I ~3  I  I  ---f C - C-,--- I  I  ~2  Xi  I  L4  I  Ar4  I  (OH)n 