def find_components_without_annotation(model, components):
    """
    Find model components with empty annotation attributes.

    Parameters
    ----------
    model : cobra.Model
        A cobrapy metabolic model.
    components : {"metabolites", "reactions", "genes"}
        A string denoting `cobra.Model` components.

    Returns
    -------
    list
        The components without any annotation.

    """
    return [
        elem
        for elem in getattr(model, components)
        if elem.annotation is None or len(elem.annotation) == 0
    ]