def get_all_vertices_of_edges_connected_to_vertex(mesh, vertex_u):
    """
    Get all the vertices of edges which are connected to vertex u,
    exclude u itself. Another output is the edges themselves.
    """
    v_e_u = []
    e_u = mesh.ve[vertex_u].copy()  # edges connected to vertex u

    for e in e_u:
        v1, v2 = mesh.edges[e]
        if v1 == vertex_u:
            v_e_u.append(v2)
        else:
            v_e_u.append(v1)

    return v_e_u, e_u