def l_out(l_in: int, padding: int, dilation: int, kernel: int, stride: int) -> int:
    """
    Determine the L_out of a 1d-CNN model given parameters for the 1D CNN

    :param l_in: length of input
    :param padding: number of units to pad
    :param dilation: dilation for CNN
    :param kernel: kernel size for CNN
    :param stride: stride size for CNN
    :return:
    """
    return (l_in + 2 * padding - dilation * (kernel - 1) - 1) // stride + 1