Beyond Nadel's Paradox. A computational approach to structural and   cultural dimensions of social cohesion
  Nadel's Paradox states that it is not possible to take into account simultaneously cultural and relational dimensions of social structure. By means of a simple computational model, the authors explore a dynamic perspective of the concept of social cohesion that enables the integration of both structural and cultural dimensions in the same analysis. The design of the model reproduces a causal path from the level of conflict suffered by a population to variations on its social cohesiveness, observed both from a structural and cognitive viewpoint. Submitted to sudden variations on its environmental conflict level, the model is able to reproduce certain characteristics previously observed in real populations under situations of emergency or crisis. 
Sergi Lozano, Javier Borge, Alex Arenas and Jose Luis Molina