Monopoles in lattice Electroweak theory
  There exist several types of monopole - like topological defects in Electroweak theory. We investigate properties of these objects using lattice numerical methods. The intimate connection between them and the dynamics of the theory is established.   We find that the density of Nambu monopoles cannot be predicted by the choice of the initial parameters of Electroweak theory and should be considered as the new external parameter of the theory. We also investigate the difference between the versions of Electroweak theory with the gauge groups $SU(2)\otimes U(1)$ and $SU(2)\otimes U(1)/Z_2$. We do not detect any difference at $\alpha \sim {1/128}$. However, such a difference appears in the unphysical region of large coupling constant $\alpha > 0.1$. 
B.L.G.Bakker, A.I.Veselov, M.A.Zubkov