Chaotic advection of inertial particles in two dimensional flows
  We study the dynamics of inertial particles in two dimensional incompressible flows. The Maxey-Riley equation describing the motion of inertial particles is used to construct a four dimensional dissipative bailout embedding map. This map models the dynamics of the inertial particles while the base flow is represented by a 2-d area preserving map. The dynamics of particles heavier than the fluid, the aerosols, as well as that of bubbles, particles lighter than the fluid, can be classified into 3 main dynamical regimes - periodic orbits, chaotic structures and mixed regions. A phase diagram in the parameter space is constructed with the Lyapunov characteristic exponents of the 4-d map in which these dynamical regimes are distinctly identified. The embedding map can target periodic orbits, as well as chaotic structures, in both the aerosol and bubble regimes, at suitable values of the dissipation parameter. 
Neelima Gupte and N. Nirmal Thyagu