Recoil Effect of Photoelectrons in the Fermi-Edge of Simple Metals
  High energy resolution photoelectron spectroscopy of conduction electrons in the vicinity of the Fermi-edge in Al and Au at the excitation energy of 880 and 7940 eV was carried out using synchrotron radiation. For the excitation energy of 7940 eV, the observed Fermi energy of Al shows a remarkable shift to higher binding energy as compared with that of Au, with accompanying broadening. This is due to the recoil effect of the emitted photoelectrons. The observed spectra are well reproduced by a simple model of Bloch electrons based on the isotropic Debye model. 
Y. Takata, Y. Kayanuma, S. Oshima, S. Tanaka, M. Yabashi, K. Tamasaku,   Y. Nishino, M. Matsunami, R. Eguchi, A. Chainani, M...