Raman Coupling of Zeeman Sublevels in an Alkali Bose Condensate
  We investigate amplitude and phase control of the components of the spinor order parameter of a 87Rb Bose-Einstein condensate. By modeling the interaction of the multilevel atomic system with a pair of Raman-detuned laser pulses, we show that it is possible to construct a pulse-sequence protocol for producing a desired state change within a single Zeeman manifold. We present several successful elementary tests of this protocol in both the F = 1 and F = 2 Zeeman manifolds of 87Rb using the D1 transitions. We describe specific features of the interaction which are important for multimode, spatially-varying field configurations, including the role of state-dependent, light-induced potentials. 
K. C. Wright, L. S. Leslie, and N. P. Bigelow