Experimental Studies of Compensation of Beam-Beam Effects with Tevatron   Electron Lenses
  Applying the space-charge forces of a low-energy electron beam can lead to a significant improvement of the beam-particle lifetime limit arising from the beam-beam interaction in a high-energy collider [1]. In this article we present the results of various beam experiments with electron lenses, novel instruments developed for the beam-beam compensation at the Tevatron, which collides 980-GeV proton and antiproton beams. We study the dependencies of the particle betatron tunes on the electron beam current, energy and position; we explore the effects of electron-beam imperfections and noises; and we quantify the improvements of the high-energy beam intensity and the collider luminosity lifetime obtained by the action of the Tevatron Electron Lenses. 
V.Shiltsev, Yu.Alexahin, K.Bishofberger, V.Kamerdzhiev, V.Parkhomchuk,   V.Reva, N.Solyak, D.Wildman, X.-L. Zhang, F.Zimmermann