Investigation of artificial domains realised by local gallium focused   ion beam (FIB) modification of Pt/Co/Pt trilayer structures
  We present the results of experimental investigations of magnetic switching and magnetotransport in a new generation of magnetic devices containing artificially patterned domains. Our devices are realised by locally reducing the coercive field of a perpendicularly magnetised Pt (3.5 nm)/Co (0.5 nm)/Pt (1.6 nm) trilayer structure using a gallium focused ion beam (FIB). Artificial domain walls are created at the interfaces between dosed and undosed regions when an external magnetic field switches the former but not the latter. We have exploited this property to create stripe-like domains with widths down to sub-micron lengthscales, separated by undosed regions. Using the extraordinary Hall effect to monitor the local magnetisation we have investigated the reversal dynamics of these artificial domains by measuring major and minor hysteresis loops. The coercive field of regions irradiated with identical doses systematically increases as their size decreases. In the lower branch of minor loops, reversal is seen to occur via a few large Barkhausen events. Preliminary measurements of transport across domain walls reveal a positive domain wall resistance, that does not change sign from 4.2 K to 300 K. 
A. Aziz, S. J. Bending, H. Robert, S. Crampin, P. J. Heard, and C. H.   Marrows