Detection of Vibrationally Excited CO in IRC+10216
  Using the Submillimeter Array we have detected the J=3-2 and 2-1 rotational transitions from within the first vibrationally excited state of CO toward the extreme carbon star IRC+10216 (CW Leo). The emission remains spatially unresolved with an angular resolution of ~2" and, given that the lines originate from energy levels that are ~3100 K above the ground state, almost certainly originates from a much smaller (~10^{14} cm) sized region close to the stellar photosphere. Thermal excitation of the lines requires a gas density of ~10^{9} cm^{-3}, about an order of magnitude higher than the expected gas density based previous infrared observations and models of the inner dust shell of IRC+10216. 
Nimesh A. Patel (1), Ken H. Young (1), Sandra Br\"unken (1 and 2),   Karl M. Menten (3), Patrick Thaddeus (1), Robert W. Wil...