Analysis on Correlations between Subsurface Kinetic Helicity and   Photospheric Current Helicity in Active Regions
  An investigation on correlations between photospheric current helicity and subsur- face kinetic helicity is carried out by analyzing vector magnetograms and subsurface velocities for two rapidly developing active regions. The vector magnetograms are from the SDO/HMI (Solar Dynamics Observatory / Helioseismic and Magnetic Im- ager) observed Stokes parameters, and the subsurface velocity is from time-distance data-analysis pipeline using HMI Dopplergrams. Over a span of several days, the evo- lution of the weighted current helicity shows a tendency similar to that of the weighted subsurface kinetic helicity, attaining a correlation coefficient above 0.60 for both ac- tive regions. Additionally, there seems to be a phase lag between the evolutions of the unweighted current and subsurface kinetic helicities for one of the active regions. The good correlation between these two helicities indicate that there is some intrinsic con- nection between the interior dynamics and photospheric magnetic twistedness inside active regions, which may help to interpret the well-known hemispheric preponder- ance of current-helicity distribution. 
Yu Gao, Junwei Zhao, Hongqi Zhang
astro-ph.SR