Unification of witnessing initial system-environment correlations and   witnessing non-Markovianity
  We show the connection between a witness that detects dynamical maps with initial system-environment correlations and a witness that detects non-Markovian open quantum systems. Our analysis is based on studying the role that state preparation plays in witnessing violations of contractivity of open quantum system dynamics. Contractivity is a property of some quantum processes where the trace distance of density matrices decrease with time. From this, we show how a witness of initial-correlations is an upper bound to a witness of non-Markovianity. We discuss how this relationship shows further connections between initial system-environment correlations and non-Markovianity at an instance of time in open quantum systems. 
C\'esar A. Rodr\'iguez-Rosario, Kavan Modi, Laura Mazzola, and Al\'an   Aspuru-Guzik
quant-ph