Nonparaxial spatial optical solitons with nonlocality nonlinearity
  We investigate one-dimensional Helmholtz solitons with nonlocal nonlinearity. We show an exact analytical solution to the nonlocal nonlinear nonparaxial propagation equation in the cases of high and weak nonlocality. We also numerically find that the degree of nonlocality can affect the width of nonlocal Helmholtz soliton beams, but have no effect on their stability. Contrarily, nonparaxiality can affect their stability, but have no effect on their width. 
Jilong Chen, Zhiwei Shi and Huagang Li
nlin.PS physics.optics