Spin-Orbit Interaction of Nuclear Shell Structure
  Single particle spin-orbit interaction energy problem in nuclear shell structure is solved through negative harmonic oscillator in the self-similar-structure shell model (SSM) [4] and considering quarks' contributions on single particle spin and orbit momentum. The paper demonstrates that single particle motion in normal nuclei is described better by SSM negative harmonic oscillator than conventional shell model positive harmonic oscillator[1][2][3]. The proposed theoretical formula for spin orbit interaction energy agrees well to experiment measurements. 
Xiaobin Wang (Seagate Technology, Bloomington, Minnesota, U.S.A.),   Zhengda Wang (Institute of Modern Physics, the Chinese ...
nucl-th