Out-of-surface vortices in spherical shells
  The interplay of topological defects with curvature is studied for out-of-surface magnetic vortices in thin spherical nanoshells. In the case of easy-surface Heisenberg magnet it is shown that the curvature of the underlying surface leads to a coupling between the localized out-of-surface component of the vortex with its delocalized in-surface structure, i.e. polarity-chirality coupling. 
Volodymyr P. Kravchuk, Denis D. Sheka, Robert Streubel, Denys Makarov,   Oliver G. Schmidt, Yuri Gaididei
cond-mat.str-el