Opportunities in Delivery of Preventive Services in Retail Settings
  Recommended clinical preventive services are not being delivered despite well-documented benefits. Here we show that transferring simple and repetitive preventive services to nurse-staffed retail clinics provides an opportunity for dramatically improving their delivery. For each of 35 high-benefit, cost-effective preventive services, we identify required training, number of repetitions, and time and cost for full coverage in the US. We determine that full delivery through physician-based practices would require an unrealistic 400,000 full-time personnel. We estimate the efficiency gains from implementation at nurse-staffed clinics at retail locations for 28 services. Widespread adoption would result in a five-fold reduction in variable costs and three-fold reduction in personnel. By elevating the benefit-to-cost ratio, retail implementation can expedite widespread prevention coverage and help transform US healthcare. 
Yaneer Bar-Yam (1), Dion Harmon (1), Keith Nesbitt (1), May Lim (1),   Suzanne Smith (1) and Bradley A. Perkins (2) ((1) New...
physics.soc-ph physics.med-ph