The Yield-Strain in Shear Banding Amorphous Solids
  In recent research it was found that the fundamental shear-localizing instability of amorphous solids under external strain, which eventually results in a shear band and failure, consists of a highly correlated array of Eshelby quadrupoles all having the same orientation and some density $\rho$. In this paper we calculate analytically the energy $E(\rho,\gamma)$ associated with such highly correlated structures as a function of the density $\rho$ and the external strain $\gamma$. We show that for strains smaller than a characteristic strain $\gamma_Y$ the total strain energy initially increases as the quadrupole density increases, but that for strains larger than $\gamma_Y$ the energy monotonically decreases with quadrupole density. We identify $\gamma_Y$ as the yield strain. Its value, derived from values of the qudrupole strength based on the atomistic model, agrees with that from the computed stress-strain curves and broadly with experimental results. 
Ratul Dasgupta, H. George E. Hentschel and Itamar Procaccia
cond-mat.soft