Nongalvanic thermometry for ultracold two-dimensional electron domains
  Measuring the temperature of a two-dimensional electron gas at temperatures of a few mK is a challenging issue, which standard thermometry schemes may fail to tackle. We propose and analyze a nongalvanic thermometer, based on a quantum point contact and quantum dot, which delivers virtually no power to the electron system to be measured. 
S. Gasparinetti, M. J. Mart\'inez-P\'erez, S. de Franceschi, J. P.   Pekola, and F. Giazotto
cond-mat.mes-hall