Interface Induced Anisotropy and nematic glass/gel state in Jammed   Aqueous Laponite Suspensions
  Aqueous suspensions of Laponite, a system composed of disk-like nanoparticles, are found to develop optical birefringence over several days, well after the suspensions solidified due to jamming. The optical anisotropy is particularly enhanced near the air Laponite suspension interface over length-scales of several millimetres, which is beyond five orders of magnitude larger than the particle length scale, suggestive of large scale ordering influenced by the interface. The orientational order increases with time and is always greater for higher concentration of salt, higher concentration of Laponite and higher temperature of the suspension. While weakly birefringent, Laponite suspensions covered by paraffin oil do not show any enhancement in the optical anisotropy near the interface compared to that in the bulk. We suggest that the expedited structure formation near the air interface propagating progressively inside the sample is responsible for the observed behaviour. We discuss the observed nematic ordering in the context of glasslike and gellike microstructure associated with aqueous Laponite suspensions. 
A. Shahin, Yogesh M Joshi and S. Anantha Ramakrishna
cond-mat.soft cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.mtrl-sci