Nambu representation of an extended Lorenz model with viscous heating
  We consider the Nambu and Hamiltonian representations of Rayleigh-Benard convection with a nonlinear thermal heating effect proportional to the Eckert number (Ec). The model we use is an extension of the classical Lorenz-63 model with 4 kinematic and 6 thermal degrees of freedom. The conservative parts of the dynamical equations which include all nonlinearities satisfy Liouville's theorem and permit a conserved Hamiltonian H for arbitrary Ec. For Ec=0 two independent conserved Casimir functions exist, one of these is associated with unavailable potential energy and is also present in the Lorenz-63 truncation. This Casimir C is used to construct a Nambu representation of the conserved part of the dynamical system. The thermal heating effect can be represented either by a second canonical Hamiltonian or as a gradient (metric) system using the time derivative of the Casimir. The results demonstrate the impact of viscous heating in the total energy budget and in the Lorenz energy cycle for kinetic and available potential energy. 
Richard Blender and Valerio Lucarini
physics.flu-dyn