Experimental Evidence Supporting a New "Osmosis Law & Theory" Derived   New Formula that Improves van't Hoff Osmotic Pressure Equation
  Experimental data were used to support a new concept of osmotic force and a new osmotic law that can explain the osmotic process without the difficulties encountered with van't Hoff osmotic pressure theory. Derived new osmotic formula with curvilinear equation (via new osmotic law) overcomes the limitations and incompleteness of van't Hoff (linear) osmotic pressure equation, $\pi=(n/v)RT$, (for ideal dilute solution only). The application of this classical theory often resulted in contradiction regardless of miscellaneous explaining efforts. This is due to the lack of a scientific concept like "osmotic force" that we believe can elaborate the osmotic process. Via this new concept, the proposed new osmotic law and derived new osmotic pressure equation will greatly complete and improve the theoretical consistency within the scientific framework of osmosis. 
Rongqing Xie, Gaochao Lin, and Hung-Chung Huang
q-bio.OT