Open quantum system identification
  Engineering quantum systems offers great opportunities both technologically and scientifically for communication, computation, and simulation. The construction and operation of large scale quantum information devices presents a grand challenge and a major issue is the effective control of coherent dynamics. This is often in the presence of decoherence which further complicates the task of determining the behaviour of the system. Here, we show how to determine open system Markovian dynamics of a quantum system with restricted initialisation and partial output state information. 
Sophie G. Schirmer, Daniel K. L. Oi, Weiwei Zhou, Erling Gong, Ming   Zhang
quant-ph