Balance between noise fluxes in free-running single-mode class-A lasers
  The fluctuation effect of laser pumping rate on the output noise fluxes of class-A lasers is investigated. The method is based on the role of cavity Langevin force as a fluctuating force in the absence of the atomic population inversion and dipole moment Langevin forces. The temporal fluctuations induced to the phase and amplitude of the cavity electric field and the atomic population inversion are calculated in both below and above threshold states. Our aim is to derive correlation functions for the fluctuating variables of the cavity electric field and the atomic population inversion to determine the noise fluxes emerging from the cavity mirrors and measured by an optical detector and those radiated in the form of spontaneous emission in all spatial directions. We introduce a heuristic conservation relation that connects the noise flux generated by the laser pumping system with those distributed among the laser variables. Finally, the results are confirmed by demonstrating the energy conservation law. 
J. Jahanpanah, A. Soleimani, and F. Shavandi
physics.atom-ph quant-ph